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A patient with acute abdomen at 16th week of gestation underwent an emergency laparotomy. At laparotomy two litres of fibrinated and free blood and a dead fetus with placenta was detected intraabdominally. The right ovary and tube was normal and the uterus was normal in size. There was a ruptured and actively bleeding uterine horn on the left side of the uterus. The ruptured uterine horn was excised with the left tube by preserving the left ovary. The patient recovered without any complications, Onaltıncı gebelik haftasında akut batın tablosu ile gelen hasta acil laparotomiye alındı. Laparotomide intraabdominal iki litre fibrine ve defibrine kan ve ölü bir fetus ile birlikte plasentası tesbit edildi. Sağ over ve tüp normal görünümde ve uterus normal boyutlardaydı. Uterusun solunda rupture ve aktif kanamalı uterin horn gözlendi. Rupture uterin horn sol over korunarak sol tüp ile birlikte eksize edildi. Hasta herhangi bir komplikasyon gelişmeden taburcu edildi.

BACKGROUND: The Thwaites and Lancet scoring systems have been used in the rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). However, brucellar meningoencephalitis (BME) has similar characteristics with TBM. The ultimate aim of this study is to infer data to see if BME should be included in the differential diagnosis of TBM when these two systems suggest the presence of TBM. METHOD: BME and TBM patients from 35 tertiary hospitals were included in this study. Overall 294 adult patients with BME and 190 patients with TBM were enrolled. All patients involved in the study had microbiological confirmation for either TBM or BME. Finally, the Thwaites and Lancet scoring systems were assessed in both groups. RESULTS: The Thwaites scoring system more frequently predicted BME cases (n = 292, 99.3%) compared to the TBM group (n = 182, 95.8%) (P = 0.017). According to the Lancet scoring system, the mean scores for BME and TBM were 9.43 ± 1.71 and 11.45 ± 3.01, respectively (P < 0.001). In addition, TBM cases were classified into "probable" category more significantly compared to BME cases, and BME cases were categorized into the "possible" category more frequently. CONCLUSIONS: When the Thwaites or Lancet scoring systems indicate TBM, brucellar etiology should also be taken into consideration particularly in endemic countries.

To determine the success rate of methotrexate treatment of ruptured ectopic pregnancy with hemodynamically stable and unruptured ectopic pregnancy patients.This prospective clinical study was carried out on 161 patients with suspected tubal ectopic pregnancy. Fourty-six patients have been accepted as ruptured ectopic pregnancy with hemodynamically stable and 115 patients have been accepted as unruptured ectopic pregnancy. All patients diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy were treated by single dose (50 mg/m2) methotrexate if they have stable hemodynamia and fulfill the criteria of methotrexate treatment. Weekly beta-hCG level was measured and if this level was under 10 IU/L, the treatment has been accepted as successful. Mann-Whitney and Fisher's exact tests were used (SPSS, 10.0) for statistical analysis.The success rates of methotrexate treatments in ruptured ectopic pregnancy patients with hemodynamically stable and in patients with unruptured ectopic pregnancy were observed as 62% and 81%, respectively (P0.001). The treatment was successfully completed in all expectant management patients.Although methotrexate treatment of ruptured ectopic pregnancy with hemodynamically stable patients is not as successful as in unruptured ectopic pregnancy group, 62% success rate in this group may promise a treatment choice before surgery application.

The association of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well documented topic. However, it has been debated whether HCV infection is the additional risk factor for the development of DM or it is an associated disease. To determine the prevalence of HCV infection and associated risk factors in diabetic patients, we investigated anti-HCV antibody in the 207 patients with DM (mean age: 58.9 ± 9.3, range 38-85) and 254 control subjects (mean age: 54.0 ± 9.7, range 40-81) by ELISA method, and risk factors for HCV infection in diabetic patients. Statistical analysis was performed by chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression analysis. Anti-HCV was found positive in 16 (7.7%) of diabetic cases and 5 (2.0%) of the control subjects. According to this result, a higher seroprevalence of HCV infection was observed in patients with type 2 DM (p= 0.003). We did not detect any difference between anti-HCV positive and negative patients with respect to age, sex, duration of diabetes, hospital admission, mode of therapy and known risk factors for HCV infection (p> 0.05) whereas mean ALT levels was higher in anti-HCV positive patients (p= 0.05). The results of this study suggest that HCV infection in the diabetic patients seems a trigger factor rather than to be an associated disease.

Here, we report 1 case of Brucella orchitis detected by 99mTc human immunoglobulin scintigraphy and confirmed by testicular ultrasound. A 29-year-old farmer was admitted to our hospital with fever, fatigue, arthralgia, and painful scrotal swelling that had appeared 12 days before admission. Clinically, right sacroiliitis was recorded through the Fabere test Unilateral sacroiliitis and orchitis were detected by 99mTc human immunoglobulin scintigraphy. Hypoechoic left testicular lesions and swelling of the concurrent epididymis were seen on a testicular ultrasound examination. Wright agglutination test and blood specimen culture for Brucella species were positive.

Objective:In this retrospective study we aimed to determine the prevalance of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections and Syphilis in blood donors between January 2009 and July 2011.Materials and Methods:HbsAg, Anti-HCV, Anti-HIV 1-2 and VDRL screening tests were examined by ELISA in 10568 blood donors aged between 18 and 64. The distrubution of results were evulated according to year, age, and gender.Results:HBsAg was positive in 144 (1.4%), anti-HCV in 17 (0.2%), anti-HIV in 3 (0.03) and VDRL in 71 (0.7%) of the patients during the study.Conclusion:In conclusions, the results were similar to that reported in recent studies in Turkiye.

Key Words: Hepatitis B reactivation, lamivudine, acute myeloid leukemia, chemotherapy

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological risk factors for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) patients admitted to our hospitals between January 2004- December 2006. Materials and methods: This was a study of 63 CCHF patients whose definitive diagnosis was based on the detection of CCHF virus-specific IgM by ELISA and/or of genomic segments of the CCHF virus by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and 50 healthy controls. Related data were collected prospectively. Results: Twenty-two (50.8%) of the patients were female, and 31 of them (49.2%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 46 years. Anti-CCHF virus IgM was positive in 52 patients, and RT-PCR was positive in 13 patients. Thirty two patients (50.8%) had a tick-bite history before the onset of fever. Fifty-nine (93.6%) patients were involved farming/handling livestock, and they were living in rural area. In univariate analysis of epidemiological factors of the patients and healthy controls, farming (P < 0.001), handled livestock (P < 0.001), living in rural area (P < 0.001), and history of tick-bite (P < 0.001) were determined as the risk factors for CCHF in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed only farming (OR = 59.9) and tick-bite history (OR = 5.9) as risk factors for CCHF. The disease was observed between April and August (most frequent in July, 2005 and June, 2006). Conclusion: We saw that CCHF appears to be an increasing seasonal problem in our region, and obtaining the epidemiological factors of CCHF is important for determining the prevention strategy.

A 37-year-old woman was admitted due to vaginal bleeding at 25 weeks of gestation to our gynecology unit. Placenta percreta, which stems from posterior wall of the uterus, forming a mass in Douglas cavity and invading towards right parametrium was clinically diagnosed by exploration. Bilateral internal iliac artery ligation and supracervical hysterectomy could not prevent bleeding. A right radical parametrectomy was necessary to remove invaded parametrium and to control bleeding. The placenta percreta invading parametrium may need an extended hysterectomy procedure. Excess bleeding may be prevented by leaving the placenta in situ during surgery if the placenta percreta is diagnosed before termination of pregnancy, A classical incision may help leaving placenta is situ during operation.

Our object is to determine the prevalence of group B streptococcus (GBS) carriage among pregnant women, the neonatal colonisation rate and the antimicrobial susceptibility to formulate a policy for treatment and prevention regarding perinatal GBS diseases in eastern Turkey. A total of 150 pregnant women were screened for GBS colonisation. Samples were collected from the vagina and the rectum of pregnant women, and the ear canal, throat and umbilicus of the neonates of colonised mothers. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was also investigated. GBS was isolated in at least one specimen from the 150 women in 48 cases; it was estimated that, overall, about 32% of the pregnant women and 17.3% of overall newborns were colonised with GBS. The overall rate of GBS vertical transmission was 54.2% in this study. Maternal colonisation rate was significantly higher in younger ages (p0.01) when maternal age of 20 years was taken as a cut-off point. All isolates were found to be sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin and vancomycin. Resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin were found to be 13.5 and 2.7%, respectively.

Estrogen deficiency is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections (UTI) in postmenopausal women. After menopause, the vaginal pH increases, lactobacilli disappear from the vaginal flora, and the vagina is predominantly colonized by Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli. To better understand the associations between post-menopausal vaginal flora and the development of UTI, we conducted a prospective study among 87 postmenopausal women ages between 50-65 years. Vaginal samples were collected from lateral vaginal wall of women to perform a smear on a glass slide and placed on appropriate media. The smear was then stained with Gram stain. Urine samples were collected and cultured by standard bacteriologic techniques. Vaginal lactobacilli were present in 55.2%, and vaginal Enterobacteriaceae were present in 40.2% of the subjects. Heavy growth of lactobacilli was associated with a lower frequency of vaginal colonization with Enterobacteriaceae members (p0.001), Streptococcus sp. (p0.05) and Pseudomonas sp. (p0.05). The most commonly isolated microorganism was E. coli. The frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic UTI among postmenopausal women were found 17.5% (15/87) and 11.5% (10/87), respectively. As a result, Enterobacteriaceae colonization of the vagina in postmenopausal women increases the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic UTI (p0.01 and p0.05, respectively).

Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is a rare gynecologic malignancy. Chronic tubal inflammation is associated with primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube. There are only a few reports on primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube coexisting with tuberculous salpingitis. We are reporting a patient with both the primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube and tuberculous salpingitis, which were detected in bilateral fallopian tubes. The histologic type was serous adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated with total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, infracolic omentectomy, and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy followed by chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel and cisplatin. She has been alive without evidence of disease for 18 months.

Objective: The objective in the study was to detect theintermediate trophoblastic cells and to differentiate theabortion from ectopic pregnancy by usingimmunohistochemical methods.Method: Four groups of patients were included in thestudy, and the archival materials of the patients wereused for immunohistochemistry. Group 1 comprisedof 10 patients who had miscarriages between the 5thand 12th weeks of gestation. There were 5 non pregnantpatients in group 2. In group 3, there were 64 patientswho had ectopic pregnancy between the 5th and 12thweeks of gestation. Group 4 comprised of 50 patientswho were clinically suspected of miscarriage withoutchorionic villi, and cyto and syncytiotrophoblast.Results: All trophoblastic cells of chorionic villi showedstrong positivity for sitokeratin in group 1 though thiswas not the condition in group 2 and 3. In group 4,however, 35 of 50 patients had intermediate trophoblastcells as detected by cytokeratin staining.Conclusion: The use of these hormone markers inendometrial specimens increases precision in thediagnosis of intrauterine versus ectopic pregnancy.Key words: Trophoblast, immunohistochemistry, ectopicpregnancy

The aim of this case report is to draw attention to the frequent occurrence of metoclopramide-induced movement disorders. We report a case of an acute dystonic reaction to metoclopramide in a patient treated for hepatitis A. Metoclopramide can cause severe adverse events, such as an acute dystonic reaction, and should be used with caution in patients with infectious diseases.

We review, in detail, 2 cases of anthrax during pregnancy, its maternal and perinatal complications, and its management. Patient 1 was a 33-year-old woman at 32 weeks of gestation. She had a submandibular eschar; extensive edema on her face, neck, and upper thorax that inhibited respiratory function; and fever. The patient was treated with penicillin G and prednisolone after the diagnosis of anthrax. She recovered within 10 days but delivered a preterm baby. Patient 2 was a 29-year-old woman at 33 weeks of gestation. Her anthrax lesion was on her right elbow, and therapy consisted of procaine penicillin. She also delivered a preterm baby. These 2 cases show that anthrax during pregnancy can be successfully managed, but preterm delivery could be a complication.

Summary Polysaccharide slime seems to be the most important factor by which coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) strains adheres and colonises catheters. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of slime-producing CNS strains isolated from nasal samples of patients on haemodialysis and of healthy persons as a control. Nasal cultures were performed for 131 haemodialysis patients and 56 healthy persons. CNS strains were isolated from 86 of 131 patients (72.9%), and 46 of 56 healthy persons (82.1%). Twenty-four (27.9%) of the 86 CNS strains tested in the patient group and four (8.7%) of the 46 CNS strains in the control group were slime factor positive. There was a significant difference (p

Bu çalışmada, Erzurum ilinde yaşayan tüketicilerin yöresel gıda ürünlerine yönelik satın alma istekliliği tahmininde, önemli olan demografik ve davranışsal faktörlerin analizi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 288 tüketici ile yapılan anketlerden elde edilen veriler kullanılarak ordered probit modeli tahmin edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları, yöresel ürünleri satın alma istekliliği ile yılda köy/çiftçi pazarına gitme sıklığının on defadan fazla olması arasında önemli ve pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca tüketicilerin kalite, fiyat ve tazeliğe yönelik beklentilerinin, bu ürünleri satın alma kararlarında önemli olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, yöresel ürünleri satın alma istekliliğinde tespit edilen beklentilerin, markalaşmayla gerçekleşebileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle, satın alma istekliliğinde, üreticiler için geleneksel üretilen yöresel gıda ürünleri üretim ve pazarlamasında markalaşmayla ile ilgili bilgilendirme faaliyetleri önemli olacaktır., In this study, it was aimed to analyze the demographic and attitudinal factors which are important in predicting the willingness to purchase local foods for consumers residing in Erzurum Province. For this purpose, estimator ordered probit model was developed using data obtained from questionnaires conducted with 288 consumers. The analysis results showed that between willingness to purchase locally foods and frequency of going to the producer market for more than ten times a year on the part of the consumers have significant and positive relationship. It was also found that quality, price and freshness expectations play an important role in these products purchase decisions. Consequently, it is believed that local food products can be realized by branding the expectations identified in the willingness to purchase.Therefore, extending information on branding activities about local products production and marketing to producers will be important on willingness to purchase traditional produced local foods.

Sporotrichosis is a cutaneous or systemic fungal infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii. The infection is characterized by nodular, pustular, or ulcerative lesions. Infection usually occurs after traumatic implantation of the fungus into the skin. We report a case presenting first cellulitis and later on as a non-healing ulcer which was diagnosed by punch biopsy as sporotrichosis and managed successfully with itraconazole. A 56-year-old woman admitted to our department with complaint acute onset of swelling of the right lower-extremity with erythema and warmth. The patient was diagnosed initially as celulitis and started on ampicillin-sulbactam. Diagnosis of sporotrichosis was made with histological examination skin biopsy and the patient was started on itraconazole. One month after commencement of antifungal treatment, the ulcer began to dry up and at 3 months the lesions had healed. This case shows that if a wound do not respond to antibiotics in cases with ulcer, some rare etiological agents should be considered. [Dis Mol Med 2016; 4(3.000): 34-36]

Türkiye’de yaş meyve ve sebze pazarlamasında çeşitli kanallar mevcuttur. Ancak çoğunlukla yaş meyve ve sebze pazarlaması Toptancı Hal’lerinde yapılmaktadır. Çalışmada, üretim bölgesi olarak Mersin Yaş Meyve ve Sebze Toptancı Hali’nde faaliyette bulunan aracılarla anket yapılmıştır. Türkiye’de yaygın yaş meyve ve sebze pazarlama kanallarından, en uygun olanı sağlık, maliyet, süre ve kayıt altına alınma kriterlerine göre belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesinden (AHP) yararlanılmıştır. AHP sonuçlarına göre, Mersin Toptancı Hali’nde en uygun pazarlama kanalı; “Üretici → Üretim Merkezi Komisyoncusu → Tüketim Merkezi Komisyoncusu → Perakendeci → Tüketici” %42,68 oranla ilk sırada yer almış bunu “Üretici → Tüketim Merkezi Komisyoncusu → Perakendeci → Tüketici” %35,90 ile takip etmiştir. AHP sonuçları Tobit model ile analiz edilmiştir., There are various fresh produce marketing channels in Turkey. But marketing activities are more commonly performed in wholesale fresh fruit and vegetable markets. In this study, middlemen in Mersin Wholesale Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Market, which is the location for production area, were interviewed. In the study, we tried to determine the most suitable fresh produce marketing channel according to criteria of health, cost, time and legal procedures such as recording. Analytical Hierarchy Process method (AHP) was used in this study. According to AHP results, the most appropriate marketing channel in Mersin is; “producer → middleman in production area → middleman in consumption area → retailer → consumer by 42,68%. The second most appropriate marketing channel is; “producer → middleman in consumption area → retailer → consumer” by 35.89%. When we evaluated criteria for Mersin province, the recording was determined to be the most important criterion with 48,05% in wholesale market and cost was the second with 35.04%. The results of AHP were analyzed by Tobit model.

Farklı turizm aktivitelerine (kültür, termal, inanç, dağ ve doğa, yayla, kış, mağara, kuş gözetleme) imkân sağlayan tarihi, doğal ve kültürel zenginliklere sahip olan Ağrı, sosyo- ekonomik açıdan ülkenin en geri kalmış illerinden birisidir. Büyük bir tarihi mirası barındırmasına ve coğrafi güzelliklerine rağmen, Ağrı kırsal turizm boyutuyla hak ettiği ilgiyi görememektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Ağrı ilinin kırsal turizm potansiyelini ortaya koymak ve bu potansiyelden yararlanma yöntemlerini tartışmaktır. Ağrı is one of the undeveloped provinces of Turkey in socio-economic terms in spite of its historical, natural and cultural possessions which allow various tourism activities such as cultural, thermal, faith, mountain and nature, highland, winter, spelunking, ornithology tourism. Despite its historical legacy and distinguishing geography, Ağrı does not attract enough attention with regard to tourism. Aim of this paper is to display the rural tourism potential of Ağrı province and argue on the methods for utilization from this potential.

Kırsal turizm, tarımsal faaliyetlerin olduğu kırsal alanlarda tarım faaliyetlerinin yanı sıra yerel istihdamın teşvik edilmesi, refah seviyesinin yükseltilerek kırsal kalkınmanın sağlanmasında bir araç olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Kırsal turizm bölgenin doğal kaynaklarına ve yerel halkın yaşam biçimine göre şekillenen ve kırsal kalkınmanın sürdürülebilirliliğine katkı sağlaması nedeniyle desteklenen bir sektör haline gelmiştir. Bölgenin kalkınmasına ekonomik anlamda katkı sağlamasıyla birlikte çevresel ve sosyo-kültürel etkileri de önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada kırsal turizmin gelişmesinin ekonomik, sosyo-kültürel ve çevresel etkilerinin önceki çalışmalardan derlenerek ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır., Rural tourism is considered as an instrument to promotion of local employment, the provision of rural development as a means of raising the level of welfare. Rural tourism is shaped by the natural resources of region and the lifestyle of local people .It is supported because of contributing rural development’s continuity. Contribution to the region’s development by providing economic sense, with the environmental and socio-cultural impacts are also significant. In this study was aimed to display the development of rural tourism impacts on the economic, socio-culturel and environmental. These informations were compiled from previous studies.

To compare all phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) for anthropometrical, hormonal, and metabolic differences according to Rotterdam criteria.Women with PCOS (Rotterdam definition; n = 127) and women without PCOS used as controls (n = 44). There were four phenotypes of PCOS: 56/127 (44.09%) of the patients were polycystic ovaries on ultrasound (PCO) + oligo or anovulation (O) + biochemical and/or clinical hyperandrogenism (HA), 29/127 (22.84%) were HA+O, 24/127 (18.90%) were PCO+O and 18/127 (14.17%) were HA+PCO. And 42/127 (33.07%) patients represented the new phenotypes (PCO+O and HA+PCO). Phenotypical, hormonal and metabolic parameters were compared between the groups.Waist-to-hip ratio, luteinizing hormone-to-follicle stimulating hormone ratio, testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrostenedione were lower in women with PCO+O and controls than the other three phenotypes. The highest score regarding hirsutismus was found in the HA+O phenotype and the lowest score in the PCO+O phenotype. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and degree of insulin resistance in PCO+O phenotype was closer to control subjects than the other three phenotypes.Anthropometrical, hormonal, and metabolic differences suggest that PCO+O phenotype is closer to control group than the other PCOS phenotypes.

Türkiye'de yaş meyve ve sebze pazarlamasında çeşitli kanallar mevcuttur. Ancak çoğunlukla yaş meyve ve sebze pazarlaması toptancı hallerinde yapılmaktadır. Çalışmada üretim bölgesi olarak Mersin, tüketim bölgesi olarak Ankara Yaş meyve ve sebze toptancı halinde komisyoncu ve sevkiyatçı- tüccarlarla anket yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de yaygın yaş meyve ve sebze pazarlama kanallarından, en uygun olan kanal sağlık, maliyet, süre ve kayıt altına alınma kriterlerine göre belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. AHP sonuçlarına göre, Mersin Toptancı Halinde en uygun pazarlama kanalı Üretici? Üretim Merkezi Komisyoncusu? Tüketim Merkezi Komisyoncusu? Perakendeci ? Tüketici 0,4268 ilk sırada yer almakta bunu Üretici? Tüketim Merkezi Komisyoncusu? Perakendeci? Tüketici 0,3590 ile izlemektedir. Ankara Toptancı Halinde ise Üretici? Tüketim Merkezi Komisyoncusu? Perakendeci? Tüketici 0,4380 olarak belirlenmiştir. Kriterlerin değerlendirilmesinde Mersin toptancı halinde 0,4805 ile kayıt altına alma ilk sırayı almakta ve bunu 0,3504 ile maliyet kriteri izlemektedir. Ankara Toptancı halinde ise 0,4371 ile maliyet ilk sırayı almakta ve bunu 0,3959 ile kayıt altına alma izlemektedir. AHP'den elde edilen sonuçlara göre Tobit analizi yapılmıştır. There are various fresh produce marketing channels in Turkey. But marketing activities are more commonly done in Wholesale Fresh fruit and vegetable markets. In this study middlemen in Mersin which is the production location and Ankara which is the consumption area were interviewed. In this study, we tried to determine the most suitable fresh produce marketing channel according to criteria of health, cost, time and legal procedures. Analytical Hierarchy Process method (AHP) was used in this study. According to AHP results the most appropriate marketing channel in Mersin is; producer ? middleman in production area- middleman in consumption area- retailer- consumer by 0,4268. The second most appropriate marketing channel is; producer- middleman in consumption area- retailer- consumer by 0,3590. AHP results also show that the most appropriate marketing channel in Ankara is; producer- middleman in consumption area- retailer- consumption and second Producer- middleman in production area- middleman in consumption area- retailer- Consumer by 0,4380. When we evaluated criteria, in Mersin, wholesale market, recording was determined as the most important criterion by 0,4805 and cost was second by 0,3504. In Ankara the criteria of the cost is the most important by 0,4371. And second one is criterion of recording by 0,3959. The results of AHP were analyzed by Tobit Model. 155

To compare whether albumin/creatinine ratios obtained from random or 8-hour urine collected in different periods of day differ in prediction of albumin excretionor =2 g in 24-hour urine collection in preeclampsia.From a total of 70 women, 24-hour urine collected by three consecutive periods of eight hours and three random urine samples were taken before each period. The variation of albumin-creatinine ratios in samples across the day was analyzed by the Friedman and inter-assay coefficient variation. For each sample, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to determine an optimal albumin/creatinine ratio value in the prediction of albuminuriaor =2 g.The albumin/creatinine ratio did not vary significantly over time when all samples pooled. However, there was considerable intra-individual variation in both random and timed urine samples. On ROC analysis, the albumin/creatinine ratio in both random and timed urine samples predicted the 24-hour urine results and there was no difference between samples in prediction of albuminuriaor =2 g. A single optimal cut-off point was not available between samples. The positive and negative predictive values for optimal cut-offs ranged from 48%-88% and 94%-100%, respectively.The random urine albumin/creatinine ratio was a poor predictor for proteinuria a 2 g in patients with preeclampsia.

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between serum calprotectin and oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) in preeclamptic patients. Additionally, we aimed to measure serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as an oxidative stress marker. Materials and Methods: Serum calprotectin, oxidized LDL, and MDA levels were measured in a cross-sectional study of 61 preeclamptic patients (39 severe preeclampsia and 22 mild preeclampsia cases) and 20 healthy pregnant subjects. Serum MDA concentration was measured with spectrophotometric methods, and oxidized LDL and calprotectin were measured via enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Results: Serum calprotectin (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.014) and MDA (P = 0.001 and P = 0.028) levels were significantly higher in the severe and mild preeclampsia groups than in the healthy control group. Serum oxidized LDL concentration was slightly higher, but not did reach a statistically significant level, in the severe preeclampsia group than in the healthy pregnant group (P = 0.2). There was a significant negative correlation between the levels of calprotectin and oxidized LDL (r = -0.34, P = 0.006) in the mild and severe preeclampsia groups. The correlation between calprotectin and MDA was not statistically significant (P = 0.08). Conclusions: The findings suggest that increased calprotectin is associated with preeclampsia. Further study is necessary in order to determine whether or not high calprotectin levels prevent oxidation of circulating LDL in preeclampsia cases.

The aim of the present study was to investigate if there is a possible lateralisation for ovarian cancers, to re-examine left–right asymmetry in pelvic lymph nodes distribution in patients with ovarian cancer, and to investigate if pelvic lymph node involvement by metastatic invasion of ovarian cancer cells is ipsilateral or contralateral. There was right-sided lateralisation for ovarian cancer. The numbers of external iliac and hypogastric+obturator lymph nodes were higher on the right side in patients with ovarian cancer on the right side; but they were about equal for right and left sides in patients with ovarian cancer in their left side. The numbers of external iliac and hypogastric+obturator lymph nodes involved by metastatic cancer cells were higher on the right side in patients with ovarian cancer on the both right and left sides. This case may result from the stronger cell-mediated immune activity in the left sides of humans.

Primary mature solid teratomas of the fallopian tube are extremely rare and only 11 cases have been reported in the literature. A woman presented with a mature, solid teratoma of the fallopian tube, possibly the largest solid teratoma on record.A 24-year-old, nulliparous woman presented with abdominal distention, intermittent abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting for 4 weeks and was admitted to the hospital. Abdominal examination revealed a palpable, nontender mass. Computed tomography showed a hypodense lesion in the abdomen. Serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen (2.6 ng/mL) and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (0.1 mIU/mL) were within normal limits, while serum levels of CA-125 (130 U/mL) and CA-19.9 (237 U/mL) were elevated. A multilobulated, pedunculated, mature, solid teratoma of the fallopian tube measured 31 x 21 x 14 cm and weighed 2,400 g. At laparotomy, it was located in the fimbrial portion of the left fallopian tube, and a left salpingectomy was performed. The tumor consisted of bone, hair, and sebaceous and sweat glands. The cavity of the cyst was lined mainly with skin composed of keratinized squamous epithelium and contained abundant sebaceous and sweat glands.In cases of undetermined pelvic or abdominal masses, especially with calcification, a teratoma of the fallopian tube should be considered.

Objective: The evaluation of 58 operated endometrial cancer patientsby means of diagnosis and treatment. Material and method: The cases were 58 endometrium cancer patients thet were diagnosed and treated in our clinic between January 2001 and February 2006. Results: The median age was 60.8 ± 13.2 (25-85 years of age). Considered to due to histopathologic subgroups, the most common was endometrioid adenocarcinoma with 45 cases (%77.7) followed by 5 cases of serous papillary carcinoma (%8.6), 7cases of mixed adenocarcinoma with clear cell component (%12) and 1 case of small cell carcinoma (%1.7). Surgical staging revealed the most common stage to be stage Ib1 (%38.3 of cases) and when patients screened for their grades,%60 (36) of cases found to be Grade II. The median endometrial tickness measured by transvaginal ultrasonograpy was 15.9 mm (5-36 mm). The estimated mean Ca 125 value was 92.6 U (4.4-1566). In the postoperative period,17 (%28.3) of cases were treated with adjuvant radiotherapy and 8 (%13.3) of them were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. The medien follow up period was 15.6 ± 5.2 (1-43) months. Five (%8.3) of cases were died in follow up period. Conclusion: The prognosis of endometrium cancer patients vary due to the treatment, the histopathologic type,grade and the lvel of myometrial invasion.