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297 results on '"Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]"'

151. A free boundary problem for the Stokes equations

Author

Rachid Touzani, Gunther H. Peichl, Mohamed Sayeh, François Bouchon, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal (LMBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Mathematics, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
Control and Optimization, 010102 general mathematics, Mathematical analysis, Boundary (topology), Mixed boundary condition, Stokes Problem, 01 natural sciences, Robin boundary condition, 010101 applied mathematics, Computational Mathematics, Control and Systems Engineering, free boundary problems, Shape derivative, No-slip condition, Neumann boundary condition, Free boundary problem, Shape optimization, Boundary value problem, 0101 mathematics, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Mathematics
Abstract

A free boundary problem for the Stokes equations governing a viscous flow with over-determined condition on the free boundary is investigated. This free boundary problem is transformed into a shape optimization one which consists in minimizing a Kohn–Vogelius energy cost functional. Existence of the material derivatives of the states is proven and the corresponding variational problems are derived. Existence of the shape derivative of the cost functional is also proven and the analytic expression of the shape derivative is given in the Hadamard structure form.

Published
2017
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152. Enzymatic activity of the CaM-PDE1 system upon addition of actinyl ions

Author

Catherine Berthomieu, Stephan Weiss, Sandrine Sauge-Merle, Harald Foerstendorf, Aurélie Jeanson, Florian Brulfert, Samir Safi, E. Simoni, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille (ex-IBEB) (BIAM), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Protéine Métal (IPM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
calmodulin, Actinoid Series Elements, Calmodulin, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], neptunium, Arabidopsis, chemistry.chemical_element, 010402 general chemistry, calcium signaling, decorporation, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, UV-visible, Inorganic Chemistry, Neptunium, Enzyme activator, chemistry.chemical_compound, Coordination Complexes, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, nuclear toxicology, Ions, biology, actinides, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Substrate (chemistry), Isothermal titration calorimetry, ITC, Uranyl, Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 1, Enzyme assay, 0104 chemical sciences, Enzyme Activation, Kinetics, enzyme, 13. Climate action, biology.protein, Biophysics, Energy source, Nuclear chemistry, Protein Binding
Abstract

The threat of a dirty bomb which could cause internal contamination has been of major concern for the past decades. Because of their high chemical toxicity and their presence in the nuclear fuel cycle, uranium and neptunium are two actinides of high interest. Calmodulin (CaM) which is a ubiquitous protein present in all eukaryotic cells and is involved in calcium-dependent signaling pathways has a known affinity for uranyl and neptunyl ions. The impact of the complexation of these actinides on the physiological response of the protein remains however largely unknown. An isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was developed to monitor in vitro the enzymatic activity of the phosphodiesterase enzyme which is known to be activated by CaM and calcium. This approach showed that addition of actinyl ions (AnO2n+), uranyl (UO22+) and neptunyl (NpO2+), resulted in a decrease of the enzymatic activity, due to the formation of CaM-actinide complexes, which inhibit the enzyme and alter its interaction with the substrate by direct interaction. Results from dynamic light scattering rationalized this result by showing that the CaM-actinyl complexes adopted a specific conformation different from that of the CaM-Ca2+ complex. The effect of actinides could be reversed using the decorporation ligand 5-LIO(Me-3,2-HOPO) in the experimental medium demonstrating its capacity to efficiently bind the actinides and restore the calcium-dependant enzyme activation

Published
2017
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153. A combined statistical bias correction and stochastic downscaling method for precipitation

Author

Claudia Volosciuk, Douglas Maraun, Mathieu Vrac, Martin Widmann, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change (WEGC), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Extrèmes : Statistiques, Impacts et Régionalisation (ESTIMR), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], University of Graz, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, lcsh:G, 13. Climate action, lcsh:T, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, lcsh:Technology, lcsh:TD1-1066, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract

Much of our knowledge about future changes in precipitation relies on global (GCMs) and/or regional climate models (RCMs) that have resolutions which are much coarser than typical spatial scales of precipitation, particularly extremes. The major problems with these projections are both climate model biases and the gap between gridbox and point scale. Wong et al. (2014) developed a model to jointly bias correct and downscale precipitation at daily scales. This approach, however, relied on pairwise correspondence between predictor and predictand for calibration, and, thus, on nudged simulations which are rarely available. Here we present an extension of this approach that separates the downscaling from the bias correction and in principle is applicable to free-running GCMs/RCMs. In a first step, we bias correct RCM-simulated precipitation against gridded observations at the same scale using a parametric quantile mapping (QMgrid) approach. In a second step, we bridge the scale gap: we predict local variance employing a regression-based model with coarse-scale precipitation as a predictor. The regression model is calibrated between gridded and point-scale (station) observations. For this concept we present one specific implementation, although the optimal model may differ for each studied location. To correct the whole distribution including extreme tails we apply a mixture distribution of a gamma distribution for the precipitation mass and a generalized Pareto distribution for the extreme tail in the first step. For the second step a vector generalized linear gamma model is employed. For evaluation we adopt the perfect predictor experimental setup of VALUE. We also compare our method to the classical QM as it is usually applied, i.e., between RCM and point scale (QMpoint). Precipitation is in most cases improved by (parts of) our method across different European climates. The method generally performs better in summer than in winter and in winter best in the Mediterranean region, with a mild winter climate, and worst for continental winter climate in Mid- and eastern Europe or Scandinavia. While QMpoint performs similarly (better for continental winter) to our combined method in reducing the bias and representing heavy precipitation, it is not capable of correctly modeling point-scale spatial dependence of summer precipitation. A strength of this two-step method is that the best combination of bias correction and downscaling methods can be selected. This implies that the concept can be extended to a wide range of method combinations.

Published
2017
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154. Selected sustainability aspects for supply chain data exchange: Towards a supply chain-wide sustainability assessment

Author

Rupert J. Baumgartner, Josef-Peter Schöggl, Morgane M.C. Fritz, CERIIM-Excelia Group LRBS, CEntre de REcherche en GEstion - EA 1722 (CEREGE), Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), and Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)

Subjects
Strategy and Management, Supply chain, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Supply chain sustainability, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 11. Sustainability, 0502 economics and business, Sustainability organizations, Marketing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Supply chain management, 9. Industry and infrastructure, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Corporate governance, 05 social sciences, Environmental economics, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, Corporate sustainability, Transparency (graphic), Sustainability, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Business, [SHS.GENRE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, 050203 business & management
Abstract

In a context of growing complexity of supply chains and pressure from multiple stakeholders for more transparency, there is a trend in research and practice towards building methods for supply chain sustainability assessment. This trend represents a core issue in research but rarely takes a multiple stakeholder perspective. Based on a literature review, a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of sustainability reports, a survey, and interviews with various stakeholders, this paper suggests a set of sustainability aspects to exchange data to support the sustainability assessment of supply chains. The focus is set on the inter-related automotive and electronics industries which are representative sectors of this growing need for transparency and assessment and reflect the complexity of the issue. The outcome and main differences between companies and other stakeholders (e.g., Non-Governmental Organisations, researchers) is highlighted as well as the overall result of this work: a suggestion for 36 sustainability aspects to exchange sustainability data along the supply chain. By integrating empirical information, this paper emphasises the need to define precisely which sustainability aspects can be found in the different dimensions of sustainability and shows the importance of the governance dimension in sustainability research. It also aims at encouraging a standardised data exchange by taking into account company demographics and data exchange accessibility to allow comparability between companies and supply chains and support decision-makers. The results are meant for companies to improve and monitor the sustainability performance of their organisation and supply chain, improve communication through corporate sustainability reports, and provide more transparent information to customers and final consumers. The results also aim at supporting researchers in the field in developing indicators for a supply chain-wide sustainability assessment.

Published
2017
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155. A realization theorem for sets of distances

Author

Wolfgang A. Schmid, Alfred Geroldinger, Institut für Mathematik [Graz] (IM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Laboratoire Analyse, Géométrie et Applications (LAGA), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Galilée-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Austrian Science Fund FWF, Project Number P26036-N26, and ANR-12-BS01-0011,CAESAR,Combinatoire Additive: Ensembles, Séquences et Applications Remarquables(2012)

Subjects
Monoid, Algebra and Number Theory, [MATH.MATH-AC]Mathematics [math]/Commutative Algebra [math.AC], 010102 general mathematics, Mathematics::Analysis of PDEs, 0102 computer and information sciences, Mathematics - Commutative Algebra, Commutative Algebra (math.AC), 01 natural sciences, Combinatorics, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Product (mathematics), MSC: 13A05, 13F05, 20M13, FOS: Mathematics, Computer Science::Symbolic Computation, Finitely-generated abelian group, 0101 mathematics, Realization (systems), Mathematics
Abstract

Let $H$ be an atomic monoid. The set of distances $\Delta (H)$ of $H$ is the set of all $d \in \mathbb{N}$ with the following property: there are irreducible elements $u\_1, \ldots, u\_k, v\_1 \ldots, v\_{k+d}$ such that $u\_1 \cdot \ldots \cdot u\_k=v\_1 \cdot \ldots \cdot v\_{k+d}$ but $u\_1 \cdot \ldots \cdot u\_k$ cannot be written as a product of $\ell$ irreducible elements for any $\ell \in \mathbb{N}$ with $k\lt \ell \lt k+d$. It is well-known (and easy to show) that, if $\Delta (H)$ is nonempty, then $\min \Delta (H) = \gcd \Delta (H)$. In this paper we show conversely that for every finite nonempty set $\Delta \subset \mathbb{N}$ with $\min \Delta = \gcd \Delta$ there is a finitely generated Krull monoid $H$ such that $\Delta (H)=\Delta$., Comment: Revised version. To appear in Journal of Algebra

Published
2017

156. Dissemination and Communication Activities for Mars Analogues Research – The European MASE project

Author

Cabezas, P., Walter, N., Rettberg, Petra, Bohmeier, M., Rabbow, E., Beblo-Vranesevic, Kristina, Perras, A., Schwendner, P., Moissl-Eichinger, C., Vannier, P., Marteinsson, V., Monaghan, E., Ehrenfreund, P., Garcia-Descalzo, L., Gomez, F., Malki, M., Amils, R., Gaboyer, F., Westall, F., Cockell, C., European Science Foundation (ESF), DLR Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Köln] (DLR), UK Centre for Astrobiology, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh-University of Edinburgh, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-University of Graz-Medical University Graz, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux : Haute Température et Irradiation (CEMHTI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Medical University Graz, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)

Subjects
Mars Analogues for Space Exploration, Strahlenbiologie, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Mars, MASE Project, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Introduction: The Mars Analogues for Space Ex-ploration (MASE) project is brining new insight about Mars potential habitability but also some new knowledge about Earth organisms and the functioning of extreme terrestrial ecosystems. The overall aim of the MASE project is to study a variety of Mars-like environments in order to further our understanding of Martian habitability, as well as our ability to detect organisms that might be present on Mars. This collabo-rative, 4 research project supported by the European Commission’s Seventh Framework Programme has been running since January 2014 and a variety of dis-semination and communication activities has been per-formed since then to increase visibility of Mars ana-logues research.

Published
2017

157. How MIDAS improved our understanding of micrometre- sized cometary dust

Author

Mannel, Thurid, Bentley, Mark Stephen, Boakes, Peter, Jeszenszky, Harald, Levasseur-Regourd, Anny Chantal, Schmied, Roland, Torkar, Klaus, Cardon, Catherine, Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.SR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract

International audience; The MIDAS atomic force microscope on the Rosetta orbiter was an instrument developed to investigate, for the first time, the morphology of nearly unaltered cometary dust. It acquired the 3D topography of about 1-50 µm sized dust particles with resolutions down to a few nanometres. These images showed the agglomerate character of the dust and confirmed that the smallest subunit sizes were less than 100 nm. MIDAS acquired the first direct proof of a fractal dust particle, opening a new approach to investigate the history of our early Solar System and of comets.

Published
2017

158. Education for Sustainable Development: How teaching might enable tomorrow’s decision makers to make a difference

Author

Rauter, Romana, Fritz, Morgane M.C., Schöggl, Josef-Peter, Baumgartner, Rupert, CERIIM-Excelia Group LRBS, CEntre de REcherche en GEstion - EA 1722 (CEREGE), Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers, and Fritz, Morgane M.C.

Subjects
[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.GENRE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SHS.GENRE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, [SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

159. Hearing with exceptionally thin tympana: Ear morphology and tympanal membrane vibrations in eneopterine crickets

Author

Schneider, Erik, Römer, Heinrich, Robillard, Tony, Schmidt, Arne, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology
Abstract

International audience; The receiver sensory system plays a crucial role in the evolution of new communication signals in insects. Among acoustic communicating crickets, the tribe Lebinthini (Eneopterinae) has evolved a unique communication system in that males produce exceptionally high-frequency calls and females respond with vibratory signals to guide males towards them. In this study, we describe nine species of Eneopterinae in which the sound receiving structures have undergone considerable morphological changes. We revealed that the anterior tympanal membrane (ATM) of the ear was extremely thin, as little as 0.35 µm thick, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the thinnest tympanal membrane found in crickets thus far. Measurements of tympanum vibrations obtained from Lebinthus bitaeniatus demonstrated a strong sensitivity towards higher frequencies. The finding also coincides with the neuronal tuning of ascending neurons and the behavioural response of the Lebinthini. The morphologically specialized ATM and its mechanical sensitivity for high frequencies, therefore, may have driven the sensory exploitation of an anti-predator behaviour that led to the evolution of a new communication system known for this group of crickets. The hypothetical phylogenetic origin of the investigated tympanal ears is discussed.

Published
2017
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160. Impact de la gestion sur les services écosystémiques des forêts de montagne européennes soumises au changement climatique

Author

Harald Bugmann, Manfred J. Lexer, Thomas Cordonnier, Heimo Truhetz, ETH ZURICH CHE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Ecosystèmes montagnards (UR EMGR), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Background information, Global and Planetary Change, Decision support system, ARANGE project, Climate impact assessment, Decision support, Mountain regions, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Forest management, Climate change, Provisioning, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Business as usual, Ecosystem services, Geography, 13. Climate action, Natural hazard, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Mountain forests provide a multitude of services beyond timber production. In a large European project (ARANGE—Advanced multifunctional forest management in European mountain RANGEs), the impacts of climate change and forest management on ecosystem services (ES) were assessed. Here, we provide background information about the concept that was underlying the ARANGE project, and its main objectives, research questions, and methodological approaches are presented. The project focused on synergies and trade-offs among four key ES that are relevant in European mountain ranges: timber production, carbon storage, biodiversity conservation, and protection from gravitational natural hazards. We introduce the concept and selection of case study areas (CSAs) that were used in the project; we describe the concept of representative stand types thatwere developed to provide a harmonized representation of forest stands and forest management in the CSAs; we explain and discuss the climate data and climate change scenarios that were applied across the seven CSAs; and we introduce the linker functions that were developed to relate stand- and landscape-scale forest features from model simulations to ES provisioning in mountain forests. Finally, we provide a brief overview of the Special Feature, with an attempt to synthesize emerging response patterns across the CSAs.

Published
2017
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161. Efficient computation of electrograms and ECGs in human whole heart simulations using a reaction-eikonal model

Author

Gernot Plank, Martin J. Bishop, Steven A. Niederer, Aurel Neic, Anton J. Prassl, Fernando O. Campos, Edward J. Vigmond, Medical University Graz, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, King‘s College London, Modélisation et calculs pour l'électrophysiologie cardiaque (CARMEN), Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-IHU-LIRYC, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Computer science, Computation, 0206 medical engineering, Cardiac electrophysiology, Electrical activation and repolarization, 02 engineering and technology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Article, Rendering (computer graphics), Personalization, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, High fidelity, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Eikonal model, Numerical Analysis, Modality (human–computer interaction), business.industry, Eikonal equation, Applied Mathematics, Perspective (graphical), Bidomain model, 020601 biomedical engineering, Computer Science Applications, Computational Mathematics, Modeling and Simulation, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Artificial intelligence, business, computer
Abstract

International audience; Anatomically accurate and biophysically detailed bidomain models of the human heart have proven a powerful tool for gaining quantitative insight into the links between electrical sources in the myocardium and the concomitant current flow in the surrounding medium as they represent their relationship mechanistically based on first principles. Such models are increasingly considered as a clinical research tool with the perspective of being used, ultimately, as a complementary diagnostic modality. An important prerequisite in many clinical modeling applications is the ability of models to faithfully replicate potential maps and electrograms recorded from a given patient. However, while the personalization of electrophysiology models based on the gold standard bidomain formulation is in principle feasible, the associated computational expenses are significant, rendering their use incompatible with clinical time frames. In this study we report on the development of a novel computationally efficient reaction-eikonal (R-E) model for modeling extracellular potential maps and electrograms. Using a biventricular human electrophysiology model, which incorporates a topologically realistic His-Purkinje system (HPS), we demonstrate by comparing against a high-resolution reaction-diffusion (R-D) bidomain model that the R-E model predicts extracellular potential fields, electrograms as well as ECGs at the body surface with high fidelity and offers vast computational savings greater than three orders of magnitude. Due to their efficiency R-E models are ideally suitable for forward simulations in clinical modeling studies which attempt to personalize electrophysiological model features.

Published
2017
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162. The morphology of cometary dust: Subunit size distributions down to tens of nanometres

Author

Mannel, Thurid, Bentley, Mark, Boakes, Peter, Jeszenszky, Harald, Levasseur-Regourd, Anny Chantal, Schmied, Roland, Torkar, Klaus, Cardon, Catherine, Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.SR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; The Rosetta orbiter carried a dedicated analysis suite for cometary dust. One of the key instruments was MIDAS (Micro-Imaging Dust Analysis System), an atomic force microscope that scanned the surfaces of hundreds of (sub-)micrometre particles in 3D with resolutions down to nanometres. This provided the opportunity to study the morphology of the smallest cometary dust; initial investigation revealed that the particles are agglomerates of smaller subunits [1] with different structural properties [2]. To understand the (surface-) structure of the dust particles and the origin of their smallest building blocks, a number of particles were investigated in detail and the size distribution of their subunits determined [3].Here we discuss the subunit size distributions ranging from tens of nanometres to a few micrometres. The differences between the subunit size distributions for particles collected pre-perihelion, close to perihelion, and during a huge outburst are examined, as well as the dependence of subunit size on particle size. A case where a particle was fragmented in consecutive scans allows a direct comparison of fragment and subunit size distributions. Finally, the small end of the subunit size distribution is investigated: the smallest determined sizes will be reviewed in the context of other cometary missions, interplanetary dust particles believed to originate from comets, and remote observations. It will be discussed if the smallest subunits can be interpreted as fundamental building blocks of our early Solar System and if their origin was in our protoplanetary disc or the interstellar material.

Published
2017

163. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp lactis CIDCA 133 modulates response of human epithelial and dendritic cells infected with Bacillus cereus

Author

Ivanna Sabrina Rolny, Silvia María Racedo, Pablo Perez, Tiscornia I, Bollati-Fogolín M, Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Centro Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico (CENIDET), and CENIDET

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Otras Ingenierías y Tecnologías, medicine.medical_treatment, EPITHELIAL CELLS, Bacillus cereus, INGENIERÍAS Y TECNOLOGÍAS, immunomodulation, DENDRITIC CELLS, Microbiology, law.invention, Alimentos y Bebidas, 03 medical and health sciences, Probiotic, HT29 Cells, law, Lactobacillus, medicine, Humans, Interleukin 8, dendritic cells, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, biology, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-8, NF-kappa B, IMMUNOMODULATION, Dendritic cell, biology.organism_classification, Phosphoproteins, PROBIOTICS, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, epithelial cells, virulence, 030104 developmental biology, Cytokine, Cereus, probiotics, VIRULENCE, Cytokines, B7-2 Antigen, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other, Biomarkers
Abstract

It is known that probiotic microorganisms are able to modulate pathogen virulence. This ability is strain dependent and involves multiple interactions between microorganisms and relevant host's cell populations. In the present work we focus on the effect of a potentially probiotic lactobacillus strain (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CIDCA 133) in an in vitro model of Bacillus cereus infection. Our results showed that infection of intestinal epithelial HT-29 cells by B. cereus induces nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Noteworthy, the presence of strain L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis CIDCA 133 increases stimulation. However, B. cereus-induced interleukin (IL)-8 production by epithelial cells is partially abrogated by L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis CIDCA 133. These findings suggest that signalling pathways other than that of NF-κB are involved. In a co-culture system (HT-29 and monocyte-derived dendritic cells), B. cereus was able to translocate from the epithelial (upper) to the dendritic cell compartment (lower). This translocation was partially abrogated by the presence of lactobacilli in the upper compartment. In addition, infection of epithelial cells in the co-culture model, led to an increase in the expression of CD86 by dendritic cells. This effect could not be modified in the presence of lactobacilli. Interestingly, infection of enterocytes with B. cereus triggers production of proinflammatory cytokines by dendritic cells (IL-8, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)). The production of TNF-α (a protective cytokine in B. cereus infections) by dendritic cells was increased in the presence of lactobacilli. The present work demonstrates for the first time the effect of L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis CIDCA 133, a potentially probiotic strain, in an in vitro model of B. cereus infection. The presence of the probiotic strain modulates cell response both in infected epithelial and dendritic cells thus suggesting a possible beneficial effect of selected lactobacilli strains on the course of B. cereus infection. Fil: Rolny, Ivanna Sabrina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Tiscornia, I.. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; Uruguay. Universidad ORT Uruguay; Uruguay Fil: Racedo, Silvia María. Medical University of Graz; Austria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Perez, Pablo Fernando. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; Argentina Fil: Bollati Fogolin, M.. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; Uruguay

Published
2016
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164. Sustainability Assessment in Automotive and Electronics Supply Chains—A Set of Indicators Defined in a Multi-Stakeholder Approach

Author

Morgane M.C. Fritz, Josef-Peter Schöggl, Rupert J. Baumgartner, CERIIM-Excelia Group LRBS, CEntre de REcherche en GEstion - EA 1722 (CEREGE), Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), and Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)

Subjects
Engineering, Supply chain, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Geography, Planning and Development, Supply chain sustainability, Automotive industry, TJ807-830, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, sustainability metrics, Renewable energy sources, 11. Sustainability, 0502 economics and business, supply chain management, green supply chain management, sustainability indicators, automotive industry, electronics industry, GE1-350, Sustainability organizations, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Supply chain management, Environmental effects of industries and plants, 9. Industry and infrastructure, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Environmental resource management, Environmental economics, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, Environmental sciences, Work (electrical), Data exchange, Sustainability, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, business, [SHS.GENRE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, 050203 business & management
Abstract

In automotive and electronics supply chains, sustainability assessment is gaining increasing importance. More stringent regulations and growing customer pressure are driving the change towards more environmentally, socially and economically responsible supply chains. Since this implies a rising use of resources for data collection, monitoring, exchange and assessment, the objective of this paper is to facilitate supply chain sustainability assessment. The present paper first provides a tailored set of 69 supply chain sustainability indicators for the European automotive and electronics industries. These were derived on the basis of a systematic literature review, together with 13 semi-structured interviews and five focus group workshops, all of which involved sustainability and industry experts. Second, the paper provides a case example of software-based supply chain sustainability data exchange. The extent to which sustainability information is currently exchanged in the two industries is also analyzed. The set of indicators is scientifically relevant since it considers all three dimensions of sustainability and is intended to allow for supply chain-wide sustainability assessment in two specific industries. It is also of high practical relevance since it was developed with and validated by industry experts, and also since it considers industrial and technical requirements for supply chain sustainability assessment in order to increase the efficiency of the work processes.

Published
2016
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165. Efficient approximation schemes for the maximum lateness minimization on a single machine with a fixed operator or machine non-availability interval

Author

Maryam Seifaddini, Imed Kacem, Hans Kellerer, Laboratoire de Conception, Optimisation et Modélisation des Systèmes (LCOMS), Université de Lorraine (UL), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
Mathematical optimization, 021103 operations research, Control and Optimization, Single-machine scheduling, Applied Mathematics, 0211 other engineering and technologies, [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Machine maintenance, 01 natural sciences, Polynomial-time approximation scheme, Computer Science Applications, Scheduling (computing), Computational Theory and Mathematics, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Strongly polynomial, Theory of computation, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Minification, Mathematics
Abstract

International audience; In this paper we deal with the single machine scheduling problem with one non-availability interval to minimize the maximum lateness where jobs have positive tails. Two cases are considered. In the first one, the non-availability interval is due to the machine maintenance. In the second case, the non-availability interval is related to the operator who is organizing the execution of jobs on the machine. The contribution of this paper consists in an improved fully polynomial time approximation scheme (FPTAS) for the maintenance non-availability interval case and the elaboration of the first FPTAS for the operator non-availability interval case. The two FPTASs are strongly polynomial.

Published
2016
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166. Toward supply chain-wide sustainability assessment: a conceptual framework and an aggregation method to assess supply chain performance

Author

Rupert J. Baumgartner, Morgane M.C. Fritz, Josef-Peter Schöggl, CERIIM-Excelia Group LRBS, CEntre de REcherche en GEstion - EA 1722 (CEREGE), Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), and Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)

Subjects
Supply chain risk management, Process management, Status quo, Strategy and Management, media_common.quotation_subject, Supply chain, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Supply chain sustainability, 010501 environmental sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 12. Responsible consumption, 11. Sustainability, 0502 economics and business, Sustainability organizations, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, Supply chain management, 9. Industry and infrastructure, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Environmental resource management, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, Conceptual framework, 13. Climate action, Sustainability, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Business, [SHS.GENRE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, 050203 business & management
Abstract

Due to factors such as increasingly stringent regulations and growing public awareness, companies are trying to reduce exposure to economic, environmental and socio-political risks in their supply chains. This paper addresses the problem of assessing such sustainability issues supply chain-wide. First, to clarify the status quo regarding current approaches, it reviews the literature and then groups the various approaches. Second, the paper provides a conceptual framework for supply chain sustainability assessment. Finally, an overview of available methods is provided, and three approaches to assessing and aggregating sustainability indicators are proposed. These approaches allow for the aggregation of the sustainability performance of individual companies into a supply chain-wide sustainability performance by means of quantitative and qualitative indicators. The results are based on a literature review of sustainability assessment in supply chains as well as on focus group workshops with experts from the European automotive and electronics industry. This paper contributes to the theory and practice of sustainability assessment in supply chains by providing a literature analysis, seven key industrial requirements, a conceptual framework and aggregation approaches. The framework and the methods integrate a comprehensive sustainability perspective emphasizing the understudied social dimension. They lay the groundwork for defining specific indicators and for an integration into a software solution for supply chain sustainability data exchange. This enables corporate decision makers to assess and trace the supply chain sustainability performance of products and organizations.

Published
2016
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167. The 2016 Feb 19 outburst of comet 67P/CG: an ESA Rosetta multi-instrument study

Author

Andrew J. Steffl, Harold A. Weaver, Lori M. Feaga, Paul R. Weissman, B. J. R. Davidsson, Francesco Marzari, Chia-Yu Tzou, Roberto Sordini, J. L. Bertaux, Philippe Lamy, Michaël Gillon, Hans Rickman, P. Yanamandra-Fisher, Matthew M. Knight, O. Mousis, Nicolas Altobelli, Sonia Fornasier, Jessica Agarwal, Marco Fulle, Marina Galand, A. I. Erikson, J. J. López-Moreno, Eric Schindhelm, Mihaly Horanyi, Charlotte Götz, James L. Burch, Giampiero Naletto, Kathrin Altwegg, E. Mazzotta Epifani, Jean Manfroid, Mark Bentley, Jörg Knollenberg, Emmanuel Jehin, Ekkehard Kührt, M Muller, M. A. Barucci, Cesare Barbieri, Pierre Henri, V. Della Corte, P. J. Gutiérrez, Stavro Ivanovski, Carsten Güttler, Harald Krüger, Ralf Srama, Cecilia Tubiana, Rafael Rodrigo, F. Schmidt, J. E. Rodriguez, Vladimir Zakharov, J.-R. Kramm, Roland Schmied, S. A. Stern, Eberhard Grün, Thurid Mannel, Jakob Deller, A. Gicquel, Colin Snodgrass, Bernhard Geiger, M. De Cecco, B. Grieger, Monica Lazzarin, Seungwon Lee, Wing-Huen Ip, Laurent Jorda, Holger Sierks, Stubbe F. Hviid, Marc Hofmann, Paul D. Feldman, J. Wm. Parker, M. Sommer, Michael Küppers, Matthew Taylor, M. F. A'Hearn, Olivier Groussin, Simon F. Green, Detlef Koschny, Nicolas Thomas, Horst Uwe Keller, Cyrielle Opitom, Gabriele Cremonese, Niklas J. T. Edberg, Mark Hofstadter, R. H. Soja, M. Ferrari, E. Morales, Ivano Bertini, N. Biver, Pasquale Palumbo, Nilda Oklay, Stefano Debei, V. Da Deppo, L. M. Lara, Luigi Colangeli, Alessandra Rotundi, Xian Shi, J. B. Vincent, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Swedish National Space Board, European Space Agency, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Imperial College London, Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Jaicoa Observatory, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Operations Center (ESOC), Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' = University of Naples (PARTHENOPE), Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Institut für Raumfahrtsysteme (IRS), Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Space Science Division [San Antonio], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Operations Department (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), SwRI Planetary Science Directorate [Boulder], Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Department of Space Studies [Boulder], Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), ANR-15-CE31-0009,SPECTRA,Sonder le Plasma dans l'Environnement d'une ComètE avec RosettA(2015), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), European Space Agency (ESA), Universität Bern [Bern], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Universita degli studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' [Napoli], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Universita degli Studi di Padova, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, and ESP

Subjects
67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Brightness, Electron density, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 530 Physics, 67P/Churyumov-gerasimenko, Comets, Individual, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Comet, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, law, Dust collector, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Spectrometer, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 520 Astronomy, Astronomy, comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Radius, 620 Engineering, Wavelength, 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, 13. Climate action, Magnitude (astronomy), individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko [comets]
Abstract

On 2016 Feb 19, nine Rosetta instruments serendipitously observed an outburst of gas and dust from the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Among these instruments were cameras and spectrometers ranging from UV over visible to microwave wavelengths, in situ gas, dust and plasma instruments, and one dust collector. At 09:40 a dust cloud developed at the edge of an image in the shadowed region of the nucleus. Over the next two hours the instruments recorded a signature of the outburst that significantly exceeded the background. The enhancement ranged from 50 per cent of the neutral gas density at Rosetta to factors >100 of the brightness of the coma near the nucleus. Dust related phenomena (dust counts or brightness due to illuminated dust) showed the strongest enhancements (factors>10). However, even the electron density at Rosetta increased by a factor 3 and consequently the spacecraft potential changed from ~-16 V to -20 V during the outburst. A clear sequence of events was observed at the distance of Rosetta (34 km from the nucleus): within 15 min the Star Tracker camera detected fast particles (~25 m s-1) while 100 ¿m radius particles were detected by the GIADA dust instrument ~1 h later at a speed of 6 m s-1. The slowest were individual mm to cm sized grains observed by the OSIRIS cameras. Although the outburst originated just outside the FOV of the instruments, the source region and the magnitude of the outburst could be determined. © 2016 The Authors., Rosetta is an ESA mission with contributions from its member states and NASA. Rosetta's Philae lander is provided by a consortium led by DLR, MPS, CNES and ASI. We thank all elements of the Rosetta project for the magnificent job they are doing to make this mission an astounding success. The Alice team acknowledges continuing support from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory through contract 1336850. GIADA/Univ Parthenope NA/INAFOAC/IAA/INAF-IAPS: this research was supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) within the ASI-INAF agreements I/032/05/0 and I/024/12/0. OSIRIS was built by a consortium of the Max-Planck- Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Göttingen, Germany, CISAS University of Padova, Italy, the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, France, the Instituto de Astrofìsica de Andalucia, CSIC, Granada, Spain, the Research and Scientific Support Department of the European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, the Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Madrid, Spain, the Universidad Politéechnica de Madrid, Spain, the Department of Physics and Astronomy of Uppsala University, Sweden, the UK(STFC), and the Institut für Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Germany. The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France(CNES), Italy(ASI), Spain(MEC), Sweden(SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged. Work at LPC2E/CNRS was supported by CNES and by ANR under the financial agreement ANR-15-CE31-0009-01. Work on ROSINA COPS at the University of Bern was funded by the State of Bern, the Swiss National Science Foundation and by the European Space Agency PRODEX program. OM: this work has been partly carried out thanks to the support of the A*MIDEX project (no ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02) funded by the ‘Investissements d'Avenir’ French Government program, managed by the French National Research Agency (ANR). This work also benefited from the support of CNRS-INSU national program for planetology (PNP).

Published
2016
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168. Aggregate dust particles at comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko

Author

H. Jeszenszky, Ove Havnes, Pascale Ehrenfreund, Christian Koeberl, Mark Bentley, Thurid Mannel, J. Romstedt, Roland Schmied, Iris Weber, Klaus Torkar, Elmar K. Jessberger, Anny Chantal Levasseur-Regourd, Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Institute of Physics [Graz], University of Graz, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), Institut für Planetologie [Münster], Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Space Policy Institute [Washington], The George Washington University (GW), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), Department of Lithospheric Research [Wien], Universität Wien, Tromsø Geophysical Observatory (TGO), The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Department of Physics and Technology [Tromsø], University of Tromsø (UiT), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Universiteit Leiden, and The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Comet dust, Comet, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, Kuiper belt, Interplanetary dust cloud, 0103 physical sciences, comets, Early solar system, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Cosmic dust, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Multidisciplinary, Asteroids, Particle aggregation, 13. Climate action, Asteroid, Agglomerate, Formation and evolution of the Solar System, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; Comets are thought to preserve almost pristine dust particles, thus providing a unique sample of the properties of the early solar nebula. The microscopic properties of this dust played a key part in particle aggregation during the formation of the Solar System1, 2. Cometary dust was previously considered to comprise irregular, fluffy agglomerates on the basis of interpretations of remote observations in the visible and infrared3, 4, 5, 6 and the study of chondritic porous interplanetary dust particles7 that were thought, but not proved, to originate in comets. Although the dust returned by an earlier mission8 has provided detailed mineralogy of particles from comet 81P/Wild, the fine-grained aggregate component was strongly modified during collection9. Here we report in situ measurements of dust particles at comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. The particles are aggregates of smaller, elongated grains, with structures at distinct sizes indicating hierarchical aggregation. Topographic images of selected dust particles with sizes of one micrometre to a few tens of micrometres show a variety of morphologies, including compact single grains and large porous aggregate particles, similar to chondritic porous interplanetary dust particles. The measured grain elongations are similar to the value inferred for interstellar dust and support the idea that such grains could represent a fraction of the building blocks of comets. In the subsequent growth phase, hierarchical agglomeration could be a dominant process10 and would produce aggregates that stick more easily at higher masses and velocities than homogeneous dust particles11. The presence of hierarchical dust aggregates in the near-surface of the nucleus of comet 67P also provides a mechanism for lowering the tensile strength of the dust layer and aiding dust release12.

Published
2016
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169. Measuring physical activity-related environmental factors: Reliability and predictive validity of the European environmental questionnaire ALPHA

Author

Julien Gloanec, Charlie Foster, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Christopher Gidlow, Harry Rutter, Sylvia Titze, Maïté Verloigne, Jean-Michel Oppert, Michael Sjöström, Heleen Spittaels, Pekka Oja, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre for Sport and Exercise Research, Staffordshire University, Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (UREN), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institute of Sports Science, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Department of Public Health, University of Oxford [Oxford], National Obesity Observatory, Urho Kaleva Kekkonen Institute for Health Promotion Research, Department of Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], This study is being carried out with financial support from the Commission of the European Communities, specifically the Public Health Programme 2003- 2008 of the Directorate General Health and Consumer Protection Luxembourg, 800259 'Instruments for Assessing Levels of Physical Activity and related Health Determinants' (ALPHA)., Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], University of Graz, BMC, Ed., Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Institut E3M [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, University of Oxford, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Predictive validity, medicine.medical_specialty, Intraclass correlation, Physical activity, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, DETERMINANTS, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:RC620-627, Reliability (statistics), ASSOCIATIONS, 030505 public health, Nutrition and Dietetics, BUILT-ENVIRONMENT, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Research, lcsh:RA1-1270, ADULTS, SCIENCE, European population, Alpha (navigation), Test (assessment), B900, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, lcsh:Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, Alimentation et Nutrition, Physical therapy, Completion time, 0305 other medical science, business, WALKING, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Background A questionnaire to assess physical activity related environmental factors in the European population (a 49-item and an 11-item version) was created as part of the framework of the EU-funded project "Instruments for Assessing Levels of PHysical Activity and fitness (ALPHA)". This paper reports on the development and assessment of the questionnaire's test-retest stability, predictive validity, and applicability to European adults. Methods The first pilot test was conducted in Belgium, France and the UK. In total 190 adults completed both forms of the ALPHA questionnaire twice with a one-week interval. Physical activity was concurrently measured (i) by administration of the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) by interview and (ii) by accelerometry (Actigraph™ device). After adaptations, the second field test took place in Belgium, the UK and Austria; 166 adults completed the adapted questionnaire at two time points, with minimum one-week interval. In both field studies intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and proportion of agreement were computed to assess the stability of the two test scores. Predictive validity was examined in the first field test by correlating the results of the questionnaires with physical activity data from accelerometry and long IPAQ-last 7 days. Results The reliability scores of the ALPHA questionnaire were moderate-to good in the first field testing (ICC range 0.66 - 0.86) and good in the second field testing (ICC range 0.71 - 0.87). The proportion of agreement for the ALPHA short increased significantly from the first (range 50 - 83%) to the second field testing (range 85 - 95%). Environmental scales from both versions of the ALPHA questionnaire were significantly associated with self-reported minutes of transport-related walking, and objectively measured low intensity physical activity levels, particularly in women. Both versions were easily administered with an average completion time of six minutes for the 49-item version and less than two minutes for the short version. Conclusion The ALPHA questionnaire is an instrument to measure environmental perceptions in relation to physical activity. It appears to have good reliability and predictive validity. The questionnaire is now available to other researchers to investigate its usefulness and applicability across Europe.

Published
2016
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170. Systems of sets of lengths: Transfer Krull monoids versus weakly Krull monoids

Author

Geroldinger, Alfred, Schmid, Wolfgang, Zhong, Qinghai, Institut für Mathematik [Graz] (IM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Laboratoire Analyse, Géométrie et Applications (LAGA), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Galilée-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Austrian Science Fund FWF, Project Number P28864-N35, and ANR-12-BS01-0011,CAESAR,Combinatoire Additive: Ensembles, Séquences et Applications Remarquables(2012)

Subjects
Mathematics::Commutative Algebra, Mathematics - Number Theory, [MATH.MATH-AC]Mathematics [math]/Commutative Algebra [math.AC], Mathematics::Rings and Algebras, transfer Krull monoids, Commutative Algebra (math.AC), Mathematics - Commutative Algebra, [MATH.MATH-NT]Mathematics [math]/Number Theory [math.NT], zero-sum sequences, weakly Krull monoids, Mathematics::K-Theory and Homology, sets of lengths, Mathematics::Category Theory, [MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO], FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics, Combinatorics (math.CO), Number Theory (math.NT), Mathematics::Representation Theory, 11B30, 11R27, 13A05, 13F05, 16H10, 16U30, 20M13
Abstract

Transfer Krull monoids are monoids which allow a weak transfer homomorphism to a commutative Krull monoid, and hence the system of sets of lengths of a transfer Krull monoid coincides with that of the associated commutative Krull monoid. We unveil a couple of new features of the system of sets of lengths of transfer Krull monoids over finite abelian groups G, and we provide a complete description of the system for all groups G having Davenport constant D(G) = 5 (these are the smallest groups for which no such descriptions were known so far). Under reasonable algebraic finiteness assumptions, sets of lengths of transfer Krull monoids and of weakly Krull monoids satisfy the Structure Theorem for Sets of Lengths. In spite of this common feature we demonstrate that systems of sets of lengths for a variety of classes of weakly Krull monoids are different from the system of sets of lengths of any transfer Krull monoid.

Published
2016

171. Combined vaginal-laparoscopic-transanal approach for reducing bladder dysfunction after conservative surgery in large deep rectovaginal endometriosis

Author

B. Darwish, J.-J. Tuech, V. Remorgida, R. Schmied, Horace Roman, Gamétogenèse et Qualité du Gamète - ULR 4308 (GQG), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Service de chirurgie digestive [CHU Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Plasma energy, Vaginal Diseases, Endometriosis, Transanal approach, Endométriose profonde, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Énergie plasma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gynecologic Surgical Procedures, Medicine, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Gynecology, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Vaginal route, Exérèse discoïde, business.industry, Deep endometriosis, Rectal endometriosis, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vagina, Disc excision, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, General Medicine, Endométriose rectale, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Surgery, Vagin, medicine.anatomical_structure, Rectal Diseases, Reproductive Medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Voie vaginale, Female, Laparoscopy, business
Abstract

Journal de Gynecologie Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction - Vol. 45 - N° 6 - p. 546-548

Published
2016
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172. Where and when the earliest coccolithophores?

Author

Bruno Galbrun, Sylvain Richoz, Silvia Gardin, Annachiara Bartolini, Leopold Krystyn, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Paleontology, University of Vienna [Vienna], Institute of Earth Sciences, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
010506 paleontology, biology, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Paleontology, 15. Life on land, Biostratigraphy, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point, Coccolith, Stratotype, Stage (stratigraphy), Biochronology, Chronostratigraphy, Conodont, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

New calcareous nannofossil analyses from the Northern Calcareous Alps of Austria are herein used to update and improve the state of knowledge about the oldest occurrence of coccolithophores reported in the literature. Previously reported Norian occurrences of coccoliths were based on an obsolete Triassic chronostratigraphy, in which the Rhaetian stage was subsumed into the Norian ('Sevatian 2'). The oldest stratigraphical record of coccoliths spp. lies just below the Norian-Rhaetian boundary and the first coccolith species, Crucirhabdus minutus, is recorded from the base of Rhaetian stage. The latter bio-event is located just above the First Occurrence of the conodont Misikella posthersteni and the first occurrence of the ammonoid Paracochloceras suessi in the Steinbergkogel section (Austria), Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) candidate for the Norian-Rhaetian boundary. The appearance of the coccolith Crucirhabdus minutus is seen as a robust biochronological datum that will provide useful constraints for Triassic biostratigraphy, palaeoclimatic modelling and phylogenetic reconstructions. The new calcareous nannofossil biochronology of Steinbergkogel that we present herein completes the existing biostratigraphic characterization of the Norian-Rhaetian transition based on conodonts and ammonoids and strengthens the position of Steinbergkogel as the best GSSP proposed section for the base of the Rhaetian. The record of coccolithophores across the Norian-Rhaetian boundary at Steinbergkogel takes place along with a discernible increase in abundance of Prinsiosphaera triassica, as well as the appearance of Euconusphaera zlambachensis, which are the two most important Rhaetian pelagic carbonate producers. This succession of bio-events is interpreted as the initiation of the pelagic carbonate production driven by the successful spreading of calcareous nannofossils in the Western Tethys during the Rhaetian. □Austria, Calcareous Alps, coccolithophores, Triassic. (Less)

Published
2012
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173. Molecular Regulations Induced by Acrolein in Neuroblastoma SK-N-SH Cells: Relevance to Alzheimer's Disease

Author

Madeleine Arseneault, Thanh Nam Dang, Georg Waeg, Neven Zarkovic, Charles Ramassamy, Institut Armand Frappier (INRS-IAF), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, and Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)

Subjects
MESH: Cell Line, Tumor, Free Radicals, Protein Carbonylation, DNA Fragmentation, Pharmacology, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Lipid Peroxidation, Lipid peroxidation, DNA Adducts, Neuroblastoma, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Free Radicals, Alzheimer Disease, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, MESH: DNA Fragmentation, Humans, Acrolein, acrolein, lipid peroxidation, neuroblastoma, Alzheimers disease, 030304 developmental biology, Temporal cortex, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Reactive oxygen species, MESH: Humans, MESH: Oxidative Stress, General Neuroscience, General Medicine, Glutathione, MESH: Neuroblastoma, 3. Good health, Oxidative Stress, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, chemistry, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Immunology, Toxicity, Acrolein, Alzheimer disease, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, MESH: Acrolein, Lipid Peroxidation, Geriatrics and Gerontology, MESH: Alzheimer Disease, MESH: DNA Adducts, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Oxidative stress
Abstract

International audience; Acrolein is the most reactive aldehyde among the by-products of lipid peroxidation. Growing evidence indicates that acrolein may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In AD, levels of acrolein are significantly higher in hippocampus and temporal cortex regions of the brain. However, little is known about its toxicity in neuronal cells. Using the neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH, our results show that acrolein is toxic from 10 μM, but its toxicity does not induce the activation of caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation. Protein carbonylation and 4-hydroxynonenal levels were increased after 0.5 hr and 1 hr of treatment, respectively. Furthermore acrolein induced a biphasic effect on glutathione levels with a rapid depletion followed by a progressive increase. We have further investigated the regulation of different redox signaling pathways. A treatment with 10 μM of acrolein for 30 min activated NFκB while this activation was suppressed after a 24 hrs of treatment. In contrast, Nrf2 was activated only after 24 hrs of acrolein exposure. Consequently, the expression of heme oxygenase-1 and γ-glutamyl-cysteine-synthase were elevated after 24 hrs of acrolein treatment. Sirt-1 was also upregulated after 24 hrs of acrolein treatment. The p66Shc and ERK1/2 proteins are known to be involved in oxidative stress. Acrolein, at 10 μM, induced the phosphorylation of p66Shc and ERK1/2 only after a short period of treatment. Collectively, these data strengthen the contribution of acrolein in the induction of oxidative stress as observed in mild cognitive impairment and in AD brain.

Published
2010
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174. The Multidimensional Knapsack Problem: Structure and Algorithms

Author

Ulrich Pferschy, Günther R. Raidl, Jakob Puchinger, National ICT Australia [Sydney] (NICTA), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
Mathematical optimization, 021103 operations research, Continuous knapsack problem, 0211 other engineering and technologies, General Engineering, heuristics, multidimensional knapsack problem, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], 02 engineering and technology, integer linear programming, Linear programming relaxation, Cutting stock problem, Knapsack problem, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Memetic algorithm, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Change-making problem, Metaheuristic, Integer programming, Mathematics
Abstract

We study the multidimensional knapsack problem, present some theoretical and empirical results about its structure, and evaluate different integer linear programming (ILP)-based, metaheuristic, and collaborative approaches for it. We start by considering the distances between optimal solutions to the LP relaxation and the original problem and then introduce a new core concept for the multidimensional knapsack problem (MKP), which we study extensively. The empirical analysis is then used to develop new concepts for solving the MKP using ILP-based and memetic algorithms. Different collaborative combinations of the presented methods are discussed and evaluated. Further computational experiments with longer run times are also performed to compare the solutions of our approaches to the best-known solutions of another so-far leading approach for common MKP benchmark instances. The extensive computational experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed methods, which yield highly competitive results in significantly shorter run times than do previously described approaches.

Published
2010
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175. The Immersed Interface Technique for Parabolic Problems with Mixed Boundary Conditions

Author

François Bouchon, Gunther H. Peichl, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal (LMBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Mathematics, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
immersed interface, Numerical Analysis, mixed boundary value problem, Discretization, finite differences, Applied Mathematics, Mathematical analysis, Finite difference, Finite difference method, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Mixed boundary condition, 01 natural sciences, 010101 applied mathematics, Computational Mathematics, symbols.namesake, Maximum principle, Dirichlet boundary condition, Neumann boundary condition, symbols, Boundary value problem, 0101 mathematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Mathematics
Abstract

A finite difference scheme is presented for a parabolic problem with mixed boundary conditions. We use an immersed interface technique to discretize the Neumann condition, and we use the Shortley-Weller approximation for the Dirichlet condition. The proof of a discrete maximum principle is given as well as the proof of convergence of the scheme. This convergence is also validated on numerical examples.

Published
2010
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176. Oxytocin Controls Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Reverses Osteoporosis

Author

Ez-Zoubir Amri, Emmanuel Lemichez, Claude Laurent Benhamou, Liana Euller-Ziegler, Georges F. Carle, Armelle Basillais, Véronique Breuil, Laure-Emmanuelle Zaragosi, Christian Elabd, Zlatko Trajanoski, Florence Massiera, H. Beaupied, Marcel Scheideler, Christian Dani, Nicole Wagner, Gérard Ailhaud, Institut de signalisation, biologie du développement et cancer (ISBDC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biomécanique et génie biomédical (BIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de rhumatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Hôpital l'Archet, Génétique, physiopathologie et ingénierie du tissu osseux (GéPITOS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toxines bactériennes dans la relation hôtes-pathogènes, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Génétique et signalisation moléculaire (GSM), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Caractérisation du tissu osseux par imagerie : techniques et applications, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHRO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléan (CHRO), Institut de Prévention et de Recherches sur l'ostéoporose, Dynamique cellulaire et moléculaire de la muqueuse respiratoire, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-IFR53-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Interactions plantes-microorganismes et santé végétale (IPMSV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Dysfonctions métaboliques et diabètes: Mécanismes et approches thérapeutiques, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR50-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Ovariectomy, Osteoporosis, Osteoclasts, Bone Marrow Cells, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, Oxytocin, Bone resorption, Bone remodeling, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Osteogenesis, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Cells, Cultured, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Adipogenesis, Osteoblasts, Mesenchymal stem cell, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Osteoblast, Cell Biology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Rats, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Receptors, Oxytocin, Child, Preschool, Ovariectomized rat, Molecular Medicine, Female, Bone marrow, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Osteoporosis constitutes a major worldwide public health burden characterized by enhanced skeletal fragility. Bone metabolism is the combination of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. While increase in bone resorption is considered as the main contributor of bone loss that may lead to osteoporosis, this loss is accompanied by increased bone marrow adiposity. Osteoblasts and adipocytes share the same precursor cell and an inverse relationship exists between the two lineages. Therefore, identifying signaling pathways that stimulates mesenchymal stem cells osteogenesis at the expense of adipogenesis is of major importance in order to develop new therapeutic treatments. For this purpose, we identified by transcriptomic analysis the oxytocin receptor pathway as a potential regulator of the osteoblast/adipocyte balance of human multipotent adipose-derived stem (hMADS) cells. Both oxytocin (OT) and carbetocin (Cb, a stable OT analogue) negatively modulate adipogenesis while promoting osteogenesis in both hMADS cells and human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSC). Consistent with these observations ovariectomized (OVX) mice and rats, which become osteoporotic and exhibit disequilibrium of this balance, have significant decreased OT levels compared to sham-operated controls. Subcutaneous OT injection reverses bone loss in OVX mice and reduces marrow adiposity. Clinically, plasma OT levels are significantly lower in postmenopausal women developing osteoporosis than in their healthy counterparts. Taken together, these results suggest that plasma OT levels represent a novel diagnostic marker for osteoporosis and that OT administration holds promise as a potential therapy for this disease. ______________________________________________________________________________ Author contributions: C.E.: carried out most of the experiments, data analysis and interpretation, collection and assembly of data; A.B., H.B. and C.B.: analysis of bone micro-architecture and biomechanical parameters of mice, manuscript writing; L.Z., M.S. and Z.T.: microarray analysis, data analysis and interpretation; F.M.: contribution to the mice study, data analysis and interpretation; V.B., G.F.C. and L.E.: provision of patients, data analysis and interpretation; N.W.: histological analysis of mice tissues, data analysis and interpretation; E.L.: provision of study material, data analysis and interpretation; C.D.: data analysis and interpretation, manuscript writing; G.A.: conception and design, data analysis and interpretation, manuscript writing; E.A.: conception and design, collection and assembly of data, data analysis and interpretation, manuscript writing.

Published
2008
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177. Committee on the Illicit Trade in Cultural Material

Author

Mödlinger, Marianne, Denel, Elif, Črešnar, Matija, Mele, Marko, Özdogan, Mehmet, Thomas, Suzie, Tsirogiannis, Christos, Van Cant, Marit, Volkmann, Armin, Fernandez-Götz, Manuel, Vanzetti, Alessandro, Yalman, Nurcan, IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Baskent universitesi, University of Ljubljana, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Istanbul University, University of Helsinki, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], University of Edinburgh, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Nişantaşı University, and Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Archeologie, trafic illicite, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

178. Official Rules of Writing in the North of France ? The writing of Notarial Documents in Normandy Between Practices and Regulations

Author

Bretthauer, Isabelle, Barret, Sébastien, Stutzmann, Dominique, Vogeler, Georg, Centre Michel de Boüard - Centre de recherches archéologiques et historiques anciennes et médiévales (CRAHAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut de recherche et d'histoire des textes (IRHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Sébastien, Barret, Stutzmann, Dominique, and Vogeler, Georg

Subjects
[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016
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179. Infinite horizon sparse optimal control

Author

Zhiping Rao, Karl Kunisch, Dante Kalise, Kalise, Dante, Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics (RICAM), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Institut für Mathematik [Graz] (IM), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Class (set theory), Control and Optimization, MathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSIS, Mathematics::Optimization and Control, Structure (category theory), Sparse control, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, Dynamic programming, 01 natural sciences, Statistics::Machine Learning, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, FOS: Mathematics, Applied mathematics, Infinite horizon control, 0101 mathematics, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematics, Optimality conditions, Applied Mathematics, Regular polygon, [MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Optimal control, Optimization and Control (math.OC), Theory of computation, Infinite horizon, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]
Abstract

A class of infinite horizon optimal control problems involving $L^p$-type cost functionals with $0

Published
2016

180. Fractal cometary dust – a window into the early Solar System

Author

Klaus Torkar, Roland Schmied, Thurid Mannel, H. Jeszenszky, J. Romstedt, Mark Bentley, Anny Chantal Levasseur-Regourd, Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), University of Graz, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)

Subjects
Physics, Planetesimal, education.field_of_study, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Comet, Population, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Protoplanetary disk, 01 natural sciences, Fractal dimension, Fractal analysis, Fractal, Interplanetary dust cloud, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The ESLAB 50 Symposium - spacecraft at comets from 1P/Halley to 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko; International audience; The properties of dust in the protoplanetary disk are key to understanding the formation of planets in our Solar System. Many models of dust growth predict the development of fractal structures that evolve into non-fractal, porous dust pebbles representing the main component for planetesimal accretion. In order to understand comets and their origins, the Rosetta orbiter followed comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko for over two years and carried a dedicated instrument suite for dust analysis. One of these instruments, the MIDAS atomic force microscope, recorded the 3D topography of micro- to nanometre sized dust. All particles analysed to date have been found to be hierarchical agglomerates. Most show compact packing, however, one is extremely porous. This paper contains a structural description of a compact aggregate and the outstanding porous one. Both particles are tens of micrometres in size and show rather narrow subunit size distributions with noticeably similar mean values of 1.48+0.13−0.59 μm for the porous particle and 1.36+0.15−0.59 μm for the compact. ompact. The porous particle allows a fractal analysis, where a density-density correlation function yields a fractal dimension of Df = 1.70 ± 0.1. GIADA, another dust analysis instrument on-board Rosetta, confirms the existence of a dust population with a similar fractal dimension. The fractal particles are interpreted as pristine agglomerates built in the protoplanetary disk and preserved in the comet. The similar subunits of both fractal and compact dust indicate a common origin which is, given the properties of the fractal, dominated by slow agglomeration of equally sized aggregates known as cluster-cluster agglomeration.

Published
2016
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181. Multidisciplinary diagnostic to characterize river/karst exchanges

Author

Graillot , Didier, Ré-Bahuaud , Jordan, Chapuis , Hervé, Guy , Bernard, Paran , Frédéric, Wawrzyniak , V., Piégay , Hervé, Marmonier , P., Jolivet , Joël, Johannet , J., Salze , D., Lavastre , Véronique, Mayer , A., Radakowitch , O., Environnement Ville Société (EVS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Sciences des Processus Industriels et Naturels (SPIN-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département GéoSciences et Environnement (GSE-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SPIN, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Département Electronique (ELEC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Bretagne, Lab-STICC_TB_CACS_IAS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Graz, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, ANR-11-LABX-0010/11-LABX-0010,LabEx DRIIHM,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], ANR-11-LABX-0010,DRIIHM / IRDHEI,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), Pardo, Corinne, Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux - - DRIIHM / IRDHEI2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0010 - LABX - VALID, Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Environnement Ville Société ( EVS ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ) -Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon ( ENSAL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Sciences des Processus Industriels et Naturels ( SPIN-ENSMSE ), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne ( Mines Saint-Étienne MSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Département GéoSciences et Environnement ( GSE-ENSMSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-SPIN, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés ( LEHNA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Electronique ( ELEC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance ( Lab-STICC ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans ( LMV ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, 7Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, and ANR-11-LABX-0010/11-LABX-0010,LabEx DRIIHM,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux ( 2011 )

Subjects
[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

182. Increased concentrations of circulating vitamin E in carriers of the apolipoprotein A5 gene −1131T>C variant and associations with plasma lipids and lipid peroxidation

Author

Rosa Solà, Gholamali Khoschsorur, Edmond Rock, Joan C. Vallvé, Gemma Godàs, M. Maritschnegg, Nicolas Cardinault, Josep Ribalta, Johannes M. Roob, Montse Guardiola, Lluís Masana, Andreas Meinitzer, Isabella Sundl, Brigitte M. Winklhofer-Roob, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Medical University Graz, Unité de recherche Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments (U3M), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Male, Apolipoprotein E, Very low-density lipoprotein, GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL, Apolipoprotein B, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, polymorphisme, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biochemistry, Lipid peroxidation, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Malondialdehyde, Vitamin E, triglycerides, Intermediate-density lipoprotein, 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, CHOLESTEROL, Fatty Acids, ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL, Middle Aged, Lipids, 3. Good health, TRIGLYCERIDE, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), peroxydation des lipides, Adult, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM, medicine.medical_specialty, QD415-436, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, POLYMORPHISM, PLASMA FATTY ACID, LIPOPROTEIN, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, γ-tocopherol, Apolipoproteins A, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Polymorphism, Genetic, α-tocopherol, nucléotide, Cholesterol, Cell Biology, Dietary Fats, Cross-Sectional Studies, chemistry, Apolipoprotein A-V, biology.protein, Lipid Peroxidation, Lipid profile
Abstract

Supplemental Material can be found at: http://www.jlr.org/cgi/content/full/M700285-JLR200/DC1; International audience; The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) 1131T>C gene variant on vitamin E status and lipid profile. The gene variant was determined in 297 healthy nonsmoking men aged 20-75 years and recruited in the VITAGE Project. Effects of the genotype on vitamin E in plasma, LDL, and buccal mucosa cells (BMC) as well as on cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) concentrations in plasma and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), apoB, apoE, apoC-III, and plasma fatty acids were determined. Plasma malondialdehyde concentrations as a marker of in vivo lipid peroxidation were determined. C allele carriers showed significantly higher TG, VLDL, and LDL in plasma, higher cholesterol in VLDL and intermediate density lipoprotein, and higher plasma fatty acids. Plasma alpha-tocopherol (but not gamma-tocopherol, LDL alpha- and gamma-tocopherol, or BMC total vitamin E) was increased significantly in C allele carriers compared with homozygote T allele carriers (P = 0.02), but not after adjustment for cholesterol or TG. Plasma malondialdehyde concentrations did not differ between genotypes. In conclusion, higher plasma lipids in the TC+CC genotype are efficiently protected against lipid peroxidation by higher alpha-tocopherol concentrations. Lipid-standardized vitamin E should be used to reliably assess vitamin E status in genetic association studies.

Published
2007
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183. Maternal stress alters endocrine function of the feto-placental unit in rats

Author

Stefania Maccari, Suzanne L. Dickson, Didier Vieau, Muriel Darnaudéry, Jérôme Mairesse, Christophe Breton, Bernadette Breant, Jean Lesage, Jonathan R. Seckl, Odile Viltart, B. Blondeau, Tom Hahn, Université des Sciences et Technologies (Lille 1) (USTL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Psychoneuroimmunologie, nutrition et génétique, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Gothenburg (GU), University of Edinburgh, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, Physiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative, ADRENAL, GLUCOSE, STRESS DE CONTENTION, Eating, chemistry.chemical_compound, PRENATAL STRESS, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Corticosterone, 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Adrenal Glands, PLACENTA, Chronic stress, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 0303 health sciences, TESTIS, Organ Size, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Fetal Blood, Female, CROISSANCE DU FŒTUS, Glucocorticoid, Endocrine gland, medicine.drug, Restraint, Physical, medicine.medical_specialty, Adrenocorticotropic hormone, Biology, Islets of Langerhans, 03 medical and health sciences, Fetus, Stress, Physiological, Endocrine Glands, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, 030304 developmental biology, PANCREAS, Body Weight, Hormones, Rats, Pregnancy Complications, Endocrinology, chemistry, Prenatal stress, Chronic Disease, ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE, RAT, GROWTH HORMONE, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Hormone
Abstract

International audience; Prenatal stress (PS) can cause early and long-term developmental effects resulting in part from altered maternal and/or fetal glucocorticoid exposure. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of chronic restraint stress during late gestation on feto-placental unit physiology and function in embryonic (E) day 21 male rat fetuses. Chronic stress decreased body weight gain and food intake of the dams and increased their adrenal weight. In the placenta of PS rats, the expression of glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) was decreased, whereas GLUT3 and GLUT4 were slightly increased. Moreover, placental expression and activity of the glucocorticoid "barrier" enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 was strongly reduced. At E21, PS fetuses exhibited decreased body, adrenal pancreas, and testis weights. These alterations were associated with reduced pancreatic beta-cell mass, plasma levels of glucose, growth hormone, and ACTH, whereas corticosterone, insulin, IGF-1, and CBG levels were unaffected. These data emphasize the impact of PS on both fetal growth and endocrine function as well as on placental physiology, suggesting that PS could program processes implied in adult biology and pathophysiology.

Published
2007
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184. New Insights into the 8.2 ka Cold Event and Subsequent Climate Recovery in Central Europe Provided by a Precisely Dated Ostracod δ18O Record from Mondsee (Austria)

Author

Lauterbach, S., Andersen, N., Brauer, A., Erlenkeuser, H., Danielopol, D. L., Namiotko, T., Huels, M., Belmecheri, S., Nantke, C., Meyer, H., Chapligin, B., Ulrich von Grafenstein, German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, University of Gdańsk (UG), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), ALFRED WEGENER INSTITUTE HELMHOLTZ CENTER FOR POLAR AND MARINE RESEARCH POTSDAM DEU, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 4901 Abrupt/rapid climate change, 4914 Continental climate records, 4954 Sea surface temperature, 4928 Global climate models, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

International audience; As evidenced by numerous palaeoclimate records worldwide, the Holocene warm period has been interrupted by several short, low-amplitude cold episodes. Among these, the so-called 8.2 ka cold event is the most prominent Holocene climate perturbation but despite extensive studies, knowledge about its synchrony in different areas and particularly about the dynamics of subsequent climate recovery is still limited. As this is of crucial importance for understanding the complex mechanisms that trigger rapid climate fluctuations and for testing the performance of climate models, new data on the 8.2 ka cold event are needed. Here we present a new sub-decadally resolved, precisely dated oxygen isotope (δ18O) record for the interval 7.7-8.7 ka BP obtained from benthic ostracods preserved in the varved lake sediments of Mondsee (Austria), providing new insights into climate development around the 8.2 ka cold event in Central Europe. The new high-resolution δ18O data set reveals the occurrence of a pronounced cold spell around 8.2 ka BP, whose amplitude (~1.0 ‰, equivalent to a 1.5-2.0 °C cooling), total duration (151 a) and absolute dating (8231-8080 a BP, i.e. calendar years before AD 1950) perfectly agree with results from other Northern Hemisphere palaeoclimate archives, e.g. the precisely dated Greenland ice cores. In addition, the Mondsee δ18O record also indicates a 75-year-long air temperature overshoot of ~0.7 °C directly after the 8.2 ka event (between 8080 and 8005 a BP), which is so far only poorly documented in the mid-latitudes. However, this observation is consistent with results from coupled climate models and high-latitude proxy records, thus likely reflecting a hemispheric-scale climate signal driven by enhanced resumption of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), which apparently also caused synchronous migrations of atmospheric and oceanic front systems in the North Atlantic realm.

Published
2015

185. The Few Leading the Many: Foreign Affiliates and Business Cycle Comovement

Author

Farid Toubal, Julien Martin, Jörn Kleinert, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
05 social sciences, jel:E32, Monetary economics, jel:F41, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, jel:F14, jel:F44, jel:F23, jel:F12, business cycles, granularity, intra-firm trade, multinational firms, Multinational corporation, 0502 economics and business, 8. Economic growth, Economics, Business cycle, jel:F4, foreign affiliates, 050207 economics, Granularity, Business Cycles, Multinational Firms, Intra-firm Trade, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance, 050205 econometrics
Abstract

This paper uses microdata on balance sheets, trade, and the nationality of ownership of firms in France to investigate the effect of foreign multinationals on business cycle comovement. We first show that foreign affiliates, which represent a tiny fraction of all firms, are responsible for a high share of employment, value added, and trade both at the national and at the regional levels. We also show that the distribution of foreign affiliates across regions differs with the nationality of the parent. We then show that foreign affiliates increase the comovement of activities between their region of location and their country of ownership. Moreover, we find greater comovement among French regions that have a more similar composition in terms of the nationality of foreign affiliates. These findings suggest that a non-negligible part of business cycle comovement is driven by a few multinational companies, and that the international transmission of shocks is partly due to linkages between affiliates and their foreign parents.

Published
2015
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186. Conductance of a single flexible molecular wire composed of alternating donor and acceptor units

Author

David Bléger, Stefan Hecht, Francisco Ample, Christian Joachim, Leonhard Grill, Christophe Nacci, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (FHI), Max Planck Society, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), IRIS Adlershof, Berlin, Germany, Groupe NanoSciences (CEMES-GNS), Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales (CEMES), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], chemistry.chemical_classification, Multidisciplinary, Materials science, Chemical substance, business.industry, Band gap, General Physics and Astronomy, Conductance, Nanotechnology, General Chemistry, Polymer, Acceptor, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Molecular wire, Delocalized electron, chemistry, Molecule, Optoelectronics, business
Abstract

Molecular-scale electronics is mainly concerned by understanding charge transport through individual molecules. A key issue here is the charge transport capability through a single—typically linear—molecule, characterized by the current decay with increasing length. To improve the conductance of individual polymers, molecular design often either involves the use of rigid ribbon/ladder-type structures, thereby sacrificing for flexibility of the molecular wire, or a zero band gap, typically associated with chemical instability. Here we show that a conjugated polymer composed of alternating donor and acceptor repeat units, synthesized directly by an on-surface polymerization, exhibits a very high conductance while maintaining both its flexible structure and a finite band gap. Importantly, electronic delocalization along the wire does not seem to be necessary as proven by spatial mapping of the electronic states along individual molecular wires. Our approach should facilitate the realization of flexible ‘soft' molecular-scale circuitry, for example, on bendable substrates., Molecular wires with high conductivity and conformable flexibility are desirable in nanoelectronics. Here, Nacci et al. grow flexible molecular wires, composed of alternating donor and acceptor units, on a metal surface, and show that high conductance can be achieved without electronic delocalization.

Published
2015
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187. S-layers at second glance? Altiarchaeal grappling hooks (hami) resemble archaeal S-layer proteins in structure and sequence

Author

Alexandra Kristin Perras, Bertram eDaum, Christine eZiegler, Lynelle eTakahashi, Musahid eAhmed, Gerhard eWanner, Andreas eKlingl, Gerd eLeitinger, Dagmar eKolb-Lenz, Simonetta eGribaldo, Anna eAuerbach, Maximilian eMora, Alexander Josef Probst, Annett eBellack, Christine eMoissl-Eichinger, Medical University Graz, University of Regensburg, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik - Max Planck Institute of Biophysics (MPIBP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Division of cell Biology, Histology and Embryology - Lehrstuhl für Zellbiologie, Histologie und Embryologie [Graz], Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles (BMGE), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley] (EPS), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Medical University Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Research on SM1-MSI was supported by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), grant no. MO 1977/3-1 given to CM-E. AJP was supported by the German National Academic Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes)., We thank Uwe-G. Maier for allocation of the EM facility, Marion Debus and Silvia Dobler for technical assistance and Reinhard Wirth and Robert Huber for support and discussions., Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Medical University Graz

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), S-layers, Environmental Science and Management, archaea, Protein subunit, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Fimbria, lcsh:QR1-502, Beta sheet, electron cryo-tomography Perras et al Altiarchaeal hami resemble archaeal S-layers, Flagellum, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, electron cryo-tomography, 03 medical and health sciences, double-membrane, hami, Gene, Cryo-electron tomography, 030304 developmental biology, Original Research, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Biofilm, biology.organism_classification, nano-grappling hooks, Divergent evolution, archaeal cell surface appendages, environmental transcriptomics, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Evolutionary biology, Soil Sciences, Archaea
Abstract

International audience; (2015) S-layers at second glance? Altiarchaeal grappling hooks (hami) resemble archaeal S-layer proteins in structure and sequence. Front. Microbiol. 6:543. The uncultivated "Candidatus Altiarchaeum hamiconexum" (formerly known as SM1 Euryarchaeon) carries highly specialized nano-grappling hooks ("hami") on its cell surface. Until now little is known about the major protein forming these structured fibrous cell surface appendages, the genes involved or membrane anchoring of these filaments. These aspects were analyzed in depth in this study using environmental transcriptomics combined with imaging methods. Since a laboratory culture of this archaeon is not yet available, natural biofilm samples with high Ca. A. hamiconexum abundance were used for the entire analyses. The filamentous surface appendages spanned both membranes of the cell, which are composed of glycosyl-archaeol. The hami consisted of multiple copies of the same protein, the corresponding gene of which was identified via metagenome-mapped transcriptome analysis. The hamus subunit proteins, which are likely to self-assemble due to their predicted beta sheet topology, revealed no similiarity to known microbial flagella-, archaella-, fimbriae-or pili-proteins, but a high similarity to known S-layer proteins of the archaeal domain at their N-terminal region (44-47% identity). Our results provide new insights into the structure of the unique hami and their major protein and indicate their divergent evolution with S-layer proteins.

Published
2015
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188. Understanding star formation in molecular clouds. II. Signatures of gravitational collapse of IRDCs

Author

Nicola Schneider, Christoph Federrath, Nicolas Peretto, Pascal Tremblin, Volker Ossenkopf, Robert Simon, Timea Csengeri, Sylvain Bontemps, Ralf S. Klessen, FORMATION STELLAIRE 2015, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology GmbH (ACIB), Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and University of Graz

Subjects
Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Turbulence, Infrared, Star formation, Molecular cloud, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Probability density function, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Stars, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Gravitational collapse, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB
Abstract

We analyse column density and temperature maps derived from Herschel dust continuum observations of a sample of massive infrared dark clouds (G11.11-0.12, G18.82-0.28, G28.37+0.07, G28.53-0.25). We disentangle the velocity structure of the clouds using 13CO 1-0 and 12CO 3-2 data, showing that these IRDCs are the densest regions in massive giant molecular clouds and not isolated features. The probability distribution function (PDF) of column densities for all clouds have a power-law distribution over all (high) column densities, regardless of the evolutionary stage of the cloud: G11.11-0.12, G18.82-0.28, and G28.37+0.07 contain (proto)-stars, while G28.53-0.25 shows no signs of star formation. This is in contrast to the purely log-normal PDFs reported for near/mid-IR extinction maps. We only find a log-normal distribution for lower column densities, if we perform PDFs of the column density maps of the whole GMC in which the IRDCs are embedded. By comparing the PDF slope and the radial column density profile, we attribute the power law to the effect of large-scale gravitational collapse and to local free-fall collapse of pre- and protostellar cores. Independent from the PDF analysis, we find infall signatures in the spectral profiles of 12CO for G28.37+0.07 and G11.11-0.12, supporting the scenario of gravitational collapse. IRDCs are the densest regions within GMCs, which may be the progenitors of massive stars or clusters. At least some of the IRDCs are probably the same features as ridges (high column density regions with N>1e23 cm-2 over small areas), which were defined for nearby IR-bright GMCs. Because IRDCs are only confined to the densest (gravity dominated) cloud regions, the PDF constructed from this kind of a clipped image does not represent the (turbulence dominated) low column density regime of the cloud., A&A in press

Published
2015
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189. An efficient algorithm for semi-online multiprocessor scheduling with given total processing time

Author

Michaël Gabay, Vladimir Kotov, Hans Kellerer, Institute for Statistics and Operations Research, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science [Minsk], Belarusian State University, Recherche Opérationnelle pour les Systèmes de Production (G-SCOP_ROSP), Laboratoire des sciences pour la conception, l'optimisation et la production (G-SCOP), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Mathematical optimization, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, 01 natural sciences, Upper and lower bounds, Multiprocessor scheduling, Set (abstract data type), Artificial Intelligence, Semi-online scheduling, media_common, Discrete mathematics, Sequence, 021103 operations research, Competitive analysis, Job shop scheduling, Efficient algorithm, General Engineering, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Infinity, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Software
Abstract

International audience; We consider a semi-online multiprocessor scheduling problem with a given a set of identical machines and a sequence of jobs, the sum of whose processing times is known in advance. The jobs are to be assigned online to one of the machines and the objective is to minimize the makespan. The best known algorithm for this problem achieves a competitive ratio 1.6 (Cheng et al. in Theor Comput Sci 337:134–146, 2005). The best known lower bound is approximately 1.585 (Albers and Hellwig in Theor Comput Sci 443:1–9, 2012) if the number of machines tends to infinity. We present an elementary algorithm with competitive ratio equal to this lower bound. Thus, the algorithm is best possible if the number of machines tends to infinity.

Published
2015
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190. Elastin aging and lipid oxidation products in human aorta

Author

Kamelija Zarkovic, Robert Salvayre, Pauline Larroque-Cardoso, Anne Nègre-Salvayre, Mellanie Pucelle, Georg Waeg, Neven Zarkovic, Department of Neuropathology, University of Zagreb-Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil (I2MR), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Régulations cellulaires: lipidoses et atherosclerose, IFR 31 Louis Bugnard (IFR 31), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb]

Subjects
Male, Aging, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical Biochemistry, MMPs, matrix metalloproteases, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Extracellular matrix, Lipid peroxidation, chemistry.chemical_compound, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Aorta, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, 80 and over, lcsh:R5-920, biology, Middle Aged, Malondialdehyde, 3. Good health, Cell biology, ECM, extracellular matrix, medicine.anatomical_structure, Smooth muscle cells, 4-hydroxynonenal, Elastin, Atherosclerosis, cardiovascular system, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Female, SMC, smooth muscle cells, Autopsy, lcsh:Medicine (General), Oxidation-Reduction, ALEs, advanced lipoxidation end products, Biotechnology, Research Paper, Adult, 4-Hydroxynonenal, Lipid oxidation, Adventitia, 4-HNE, 4-hydroxynonenal, medicine, Humans, Aged, Aldehydes, Organic Chemistry, AGEs, advanced glycation End Products, Oxidative Stress, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), biology.protein, Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative stress, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

Vascular aging is associated with structural and functional modifications of the arteries, and by an increase in arterial wall thickening in the intima and the media, mainly resulting from structural modifications of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Among the factors known to accumulate with aging, advanced lipid peroxidation end products (ALEs) are a hallmark of oxidative stress-associated diseases such as atherosclerosis. Aldehydes generated from the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), (4-hydroxynonenal, malondialdehyde, acrolein), form adducts on cellular proteins, leading to a progressive protein dysfunction with consequences in the pathophysiology of vascular aging. The contribution of these aldehydes to ECM modification is not known. This study was carried out to investigate whether aldehyde-adducts are detected in the intima and media in human aorta, whether their level is increased in vascular aging, and whether elastin fibers are a target of aldehyde-adduct formation. Immunohistological and confocal immunofluorescence studies indicate that 4-HNE-histidine-adducts accumulate in an age-related manner in the intima, media and adventitia layers of human aortas, and are mainly expressed in smooth muscle cells. In contrast, even if the structure of elastin fiber is strongly altered in the aged vessels, our results show that elastin is not or very poorly modified by 4-HNE. These data indicate a complex role for lipid peroxidation and in particular for 4-HNE in elastin homeostasis, in the vascular wall remodeling during aging and atherosclerosis development., Graphical abstract, Highlights • Elastin alteration, degradation, and loss in aged arteries. • Increased lipid oxidation products (4-HNE) accumulation on cells and ECM in the intima and adventitia, and at a lesser extent in the media of aged patients. • No modification of elastin by 4-HNE in human vessels. • Abundant 4-HNE-protein adducts in aortic smooth muscle cells.

Published
2015
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191. Regional climate hindcast simulations within EURO-CORDEX: evaluation of a WRF multi-physics ensemble

Author

Theodore Karacostas, Prodromos Zanis, Ioannis Tegoulias, Klaus Goergen, Daniela Jacob, Stephanie Mayer, Jesús Fernández, Markel García-Díez, Georgia Alexandri, Rita M. Cardoso, Athanasios Tsikerdekis, Robert Vautard, Pedro M. M. Soares, Eleni Katragkou, Sebastian Knist, Ioannis Pytharoulis, Andreas Gobiet, Augustin Colette, Stefan Sobolowski, Department of Meteorology and Climatology [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Extrèmes : Statistiques, Impacts et Régionalisation (ESTIMR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Laboratoire Logiciels Systèmes Réseaux (LSR - IMAG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change (WEGC), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Centre de Recherche Public - Gabriel Lippmann (LUXEMBOURG), MAN Diesel and Turbo, Department of Geology, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics [Thessaloniki], Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Research Center for Atmospheric Physics and Climatology, Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés ( SIMaP ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques ( INERIS ), Laboratoire Logiciels Systèmes Réseaux ( LSR - IMAG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change, Centre de recherche public Gabriel Lippmann, Centre de Recherche Public Gabriel Lippmann, Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology ( MPI-M ), Universidad de Cantabria, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
[ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Cloud cover, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Atmospheric model, Atmospheric sciences, lcsh:Geology, 13. Climate action, Weather Research and Forecasting Model, Climatology, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Hindcast, Precipitation, Shortwave radiation, Water cycle, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Downscaling, ddc:910
Abstract

In the current work we present six hindcast WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting model) simulations for the EURO-CORDEX (European Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment) domain with different configurations in microphysics, convection and radiation for the time period 1990?2008. All regional model simulations are forced by the ERA-Interim reanalysis and have the same spatial resolution (0.44°). These simulations are evaluated for surface temperature, precipitation, short- and longwave downward radiation at the surface and total cloud cover. The analysis of the WRF ensemble indicates systematic temperature and precipitation biases, which are linked to different physical mechanisms in the summer and winter seasons. Overestimation of total cloud cover and underestimation of downward shortwave radiation at the surface, mostly linked to the Grell?Devenyi convection and CAM (Community Atmosphere Model) radiation schemes, intensifies the negative bias in summer temperatures over northern Europe (max ?2.5 °C). Conversely, a strong positive bias in downward shortwave radiation in summer over central (40?60%) and southern Europe mitigates the systematic cold bias over these regions, signifying a typical case of error compensation. Maximum winter cold biases are over northeastern Europe (?2.8 °C); this location suggests that land?atmosphere rather than cloud?radiation interactions are to blame. Precipitation is overestimated in summer by all model configurations, especially the higher quantiles which are associated with summertime deep cumulus convection. The largest precipitation biases are produced by the Kain?Fritsch convection scheme over the Mediterranean. Precipitation biases in winter are lower than those for summer in all model configurations (15?30%). The results of this study indicate the importance of evaluating not only the basic climatic parameters of interest for climate change applications (temperature and precipitation), but also other components of the energy and water cycle, in order to identify the sources of systematic biases, possible compensatory or masking mechanisms and suggest pathways for model improvement. The contribution from Universidad de Cantabria was funded by the Spanish R&D programme through projects CORWES (CGL2010-22158-C02-01) and WRF4G (CGL2011-28864), co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund. M. García-Díez acknowledges financial support from the EXTREMBLES (CGL2010-21869) project.

Published
2015
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192. A weighted zero-sum problem with quadratic residues

Author

Grynkiewicz, David J., Hennecart, François, Institut für Mathematik [Graz] (IM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Combinatoire, théorie des nombres (CTN), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-12-BS01-0011,CAESAR,Combinatoire Additive: Ensembles, Séquences et Applications Remarquables(2012), Hennecart, François, and BLANC - Combinatoire Additive: Ensembles, Séquences et Applications Remarquables - - CAESAR2012 - ANR-12-BS01-0011 - BLANC - VALID

Subjects
Gao constant, Zero sum, Davenport constant, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [MATH.MATH-NT]Mathematics [math]/Number Theory [math.NT], [MATH.MATH-NT] Mathematics [math]/Number Theory [math.NT]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

193. Sustainability and Supply Chain Management – Aspects, Indicators and Performance Measurement

Author

Baumgartner, Rupert, Fritz, Morgane M.C., Schöggl, Josef-Peter, Fritz, Morgane M.C., Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], CERIIM-Excelia Group LRBS, CEntre de REcherche en GEstion - EA 1722 (CEREGE), Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Université de Poitiers-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers (IAE Poitiers), and Université de Poitiers-Université de Poitiers

Subjects
[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.GENRE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, [SHS.GENRE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

194. X-ray standing wave study of Si clusters on a decagonal Al-Co-Ni quasicrystal surface

Author

N. A. Stanisha, Julian Ledieu, Andreas Mayer, Robert G. Jones, Kevin R. J. Lovelock, Renee D. Diehl, H. I. Li, Alexey Deyko, L. H. Wearing, Ronan McGrath, Anindita Chaudhuri, David Phillip Woodruff, S. Y. Su, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, University of Warwick [Coventry], Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Department of Physics and Surface Science Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Institute of Plant Sciences, and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Materials science, business.industry, X-ray standing waves, Quasicrystal, Condensed Matter Physics, Molecular physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Standing wave, Optics, Atom, Perpendicular, Cluster (physics), [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Sensitivity (control systems), business
Abstract

Quantitative adsorption structure determinations on quasicrystals are scarce because most techniques for measuring surface structures are not well suited to the complex and infinite unit cells of quasicrystals. The normal incidence standing x-ray wave field technique presents a solution to these problems because it can be made inherently surface sensitive and does not involve extensive computational effort. We describe a method for applying this technique to adsorbates on quasicrystals, with specific application to a submonolayer of Si atoms on a decagonal Al-Co-Ni surface. We demonstrate the sensitivity of the technique to both adsorption site and geometry, leading to the conclusion that the Si atoms, which form six-atom pentagonal clusters, have an average height of $1.77\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\AA{}$ above pentagonal hollow sites, with a significant height variation among the Si atoms in the cluster. In particular, the central Si atom sits more deeply than the five surrounding Si atoms, which are, on average, $2.7\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\AA{}$ away from the central Si atom. Although this study was performed on a decagonal quasicrystal that is periodic perpendicular to the surface, we describe how the technique can be applied to cases with no periodicity.

Published
2015
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195. Palaeoecology of Late Glacial and Holocene profundal Ostracoda of pre-Alpine lake Mondsee (Austria) – a base for further (palaeo-)biological research

Author

Namiotko, Tadeusz, Danielopol, Dan, Von Grafenstein, Ulrich, Lauterbach, Stefan, Brauer, Achim, Andersen, Nils, Hüls, Matthias, Milecka, Krystyna, Baltanás, Angel, Geiger, Walter, Belmecheri, Soumaya, Desmet, Marc, Erlenkeuser, Helmut, Nomade, Jérôme, Laboratory of Limnozoology, Department of Genetics, University of Gdańsk, University of Graz, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fachbereich Material­ und Geowissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Leibniz Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope Research, Christian-Albrechts-University, Department of Biogeography and Palaeoecology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM)-Faculty of Geographical and Geological Science, Autonomous University of Madrid, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Ecology, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Budinskygasse 16/18, 1190 Vienna, Austria, GéoHydrosystèmes COntinentaux (GéHCO EA6293), Université de Tours, Laboratoire Leibniz (Leibniz - IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), University of Gdańsk (UG), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Darmstadt - Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Université de Tours (UT), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Allerød oscillation, Paleontology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Ostracod, Profundal zone, Younger Dryas, Glacial period, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Sediment, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Paleoecology, Physical geography, Geology
Abstract

Succession of profundal ostracod palaeoassemblages in response to environmental changes during the Late Glacial and Holocene was studied in a similar to 15-m-long sediment sequence from pre-Alpine lake Mondsee (Austria). First local ostracod assemblage zone LOAZ-1 (prior to 15,700 a BP), with low abundances of Leucocythere mirabilis and Limnocytherina sanctipatricii followed by Cytherissa lacustris, corresponds to the Pleniglacial phase of clastic-detrital sedimentation at relatively high rates. Most of the key species of LOAZ-2 (15,590 to 13,940 a BP, including the Pleniglacial-Late Glacial transition), i.e. limnocytherids, Fabaeformiscandona cf. harmsworthi, F. tricicatricosa, C. lacustris and Candona candida, reveal the significant association with high Al contents and low sedimentation rates and are classified as preferring low-productivity conditions. In contrast, Candona neglecta, dominant in LOAZ-3 (13,820 to 9960 a BP, palynologically defined as Balling-Early Holocene) and in the last LOAZ-4 (9780 a BP to present) as well as Cypria ophtalmica (second key species in LOAZ-4) show relationship with higher productivity, elevated sedimentation rates and decreasing Al contents. Furthermore, valve biodegradation and shape disparity at different time periods and in relation to sedimentation rate changes were investigated in A-3 juveniles of Candona neglecta. The highest percentage of valves biodegraded by Actinobacteria was recorded during the Allerod, Younger Dryas and Early Holocene, when the lowest sedimentation rates occurred, whereas significantly lower frequencies of biodegraded valves were recorded during the mid-Holocene and Late Holocene, when sediment accumulation was much higher. It is also hypothesised that the degree of the valve shape variation was related to the lake productivity. During the Allerod, Younger Dryas and Early Holocene a valve shape variation significantly lower than that recorded during Late Holocene intervals, characterised by intensified lake productivity, was observed. Additionally, an agenda of potential questions and approaches that should be considered and form the core of further (palaeo-)biological research projects is offered. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2015
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196. The PAC2MAN mission: a new tool to understand and predict solar energetic events

Author

Sophie Musset, Jorge Amaya, René Kiefer, Solène Lejosne, Mirko Rummelhagen, Andrea Diercke, Christian Höller, Riccardo Lasagni, S. Thonhofer, Viktor Andersson, Lilla Juhász, Mohammad Madi, Sergiu Iliev, Markus Scheucher, Arianna Sorba, Centre for Mathematical Plasma-Astrophysics [Leuven] (CmPA), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Institut für Physik und Astrophysik [Potsdam], University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Department for Space Mechanisms, Aeronautical Engineering Department, Imperial College London, Department of Geophysics and Space Research [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Kiepenheuer-Institut für Sonnenphysik (KIS), Department of Aerospace Engineering, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Micos Engineering GmbH, Berner & Mattner Systemtechnik, Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Blackett Laboratory, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Universität Potsdam, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and Jorge Amaya, Sophie Musset, Viktor Andersson, Andrea Diercke, Christian Höller, Sergiu Iliev, Lilla Juhász, René Kiefer, Riccardo Lasagni, Solène Lejosne, Mohammad Madi, Mirko Rummelhagen, Markus Scheucher, Arianna Sorba, Stefan Thonhofer

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Space weather, FOS: Physical sciences, Mission, lcsh:QC851-999, 7. Clean energy, Missions, Coronal mass ejection (CME), Coronal mass ejection, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Spacecraft, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Remote sensing, Physics, Solar conjunction, business.industry, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Coronal loop, Solar wind, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Heliocentric orbit, Flare, Space environment
Abstract

An accurate forecast of flare and CME initiation requires precise measurements of the magnetic energy build up and release in the active regions of the solar atmosphere. We designed a new space weather mission that performs such measurements using new optical instruments based on the Hanle and Zeeman effects. The mission consists of two satellites, one orbiting the L1 Lagrangian point (Spacecraft Earth, SCE) and the second in heliocentric orbit at 1AU trailing the Earth by 80$^\circ$ (Spacecraft 80, SC80). Optical instruments measure the vector magnetic field in multiple layers of the solar atmosphere. The orbits of the spacecraft allow for a continuous imaging of nearly 73\% of the total solar surface. In-situ plasma instruments detect solar wind conditions at 1AU and ahead of our planet. Earth directed CMEs can be tracked using the stereoscopic view of the spacecraft and the strategic placement of the SC80 satellite. Forecasting of geoeffective space weather events is possible thanks to an accurate surveillance of the magnetic energy build up in the Sun, an optical tracking through the interplanetary space, and in-situ measurements of the near-Earth environment., Accepted for publication in the Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate (SWSC)

Published
2014
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197. Etude de quatre lichens marins, maritime ou terrestre et des bactéries associées : Evaluation de la diversité bactérienne et recherche de métabolites d’intérêt

Author

Parrot, Delphine, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSA de Rennes, Karl-Franzens-Universität (Graz, Autriche), Sophie Tomasi, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Bacterial diversity, Lichens, Extraction (Chemistry), Metabolites, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Propriétés biologiques, Communautés bactériennes cultivables associées
Abstract

Efficiency of currently used antibiotics is worldwide decreasing at a worrying rate, while we are faced with new and emerging pathogens. The majority of active natural products are isolated from the Ascomycetes or from the Actinobacteria. Among the 10000 known antibiotics, more than half are produced by bacteria of one single genus, Streptomyces. It is therefore most interesting to search for novel active molecules in yet under explored niches, such as mutualistic microbial symbioses. Lichens are complex organisms harboring bacterial communities on the surface and, more rarely, inside their thalli and present a model to discover new biomolecules. Optimization of extraction conditions of lichens has been developed. Chemical profiling by LC / MS of nine lichens (2 green algae Roccella fuciformis and R. phycopsis and 7 cyanolichens: Lichina confinis, L. pygmaea, Leptogium lichenoides, Synalissa symphorea, Collema auriforme, C. cristatum and C. fuscovirens) were made and compared with a "Molecular network" approach. This has allowed to identify the chemical similarity between all cyanolichens and between two lichen species containing green algae. On the other hand, further chemical study on R. fuciformis and R. phycopsis was conducted and ten different compounds were isolated. Nine of them have been isolated and identified by NMR and mass fragmentation pathways have been highlighted for five of them. In situ localization of their major respective metabolites (erythrin and roccellic acid for R. phycopsis and erythrin, lepraric acid and acetylportentol for R. fuciformis) was performed and showed a specific location in the lichen thallus. We focused also on the cultivable bacterial communities associated to three lichens from Brittany coast (France) (Roccella fuciformis, Lichina confinis, L. pygmaea) and one inland lichen from Austria (Collema auriforme) to find new secondary metabolites of interest. The abundance and the diversity of the bacterial communities associated to these lichens were showed: 247 strains were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis. More than 30% of all strains express potential bioactive compounds and 12% represent probably new species. The secondary metabolites patterns of their cultivable associated bacteria were studied (MOLA1488, Streptomyces sp. and MOLA1416, Hoeflea sp.) and some active secondary metabolites were isolated (e.g. dicetopiperazines, pyrrole alkaloïds, phenoxazine derivatives …) showing biological properties. Finally, to highlight potential interactions between lichens and their associated bacteria, an approach of culture (lichen extracts and bacteria) was performed from 4 most abundant bacterial strains associated with Roccella fuciformis to (1) assess the impact of major metabolites (compounds 4) of this lichen on the growth of these four strains by a an optimized method of viability using MTT; and also to evaluate (2) the ability to bioconversion of these four strains of lepraric acid and erythrin. These bacteria have shown the ability to metabolize erythrin in orsellinic acid, but none of the four tested metabolites has affected their growth.; L'efficacité des antibiotiques actuellement utilisés dans le monde entier est en baisse à un rythme inquiétant. La majorité des produits actifs naturels sont isolés des ascomycètes ou des Actinobactéries. Parmi les 10 000 antibiotiques connus, plus de la moitié sont produits par des bactéries du genre Streptomyces. Il est donc intéressant de rechercher de nouvelles molécules actives dans des niches encore sous explorés, tels que les symbioses microbiennes mutualistes. Ainsi, les lichens sont des organismes complexes abritant des communautés bactériennes à la surface et, plus rarement, à l'intérieur de leurs thalles et constituent un modèle d’étude pour la découverte de nouvelles molécules d’intérêts. Une optimisation des conditions d'extraction des lichens a été développée. Le profilage chimique par LC / MS de neuf lichens (2 à algues vertes : Roccella fuciformis et R. phycopsis et de 7 cyanolichens: Lichina confinis, L. pygmaea, Leptogium lichenoides, Synalissa symphorea, Collema auriforme, C. cristatum et C. fuscovirens) ont été effectués et comparés avec des approches de «molecular network". Cela a permis de souligner la similitude chimique entre tous les cyanolichens d’une part et les espèces lichéniques à algues vertes d’autre part. Une étude chimique plus approfondie de R. fuciformis et R. phycopsis a été par la suite effectuée et dix composés différents ont été isolés et identifiés. Neuf d'entre eux ont été isolés et identifiés par RMN et des voies de fragmentation ont été proposés pour cinq d'entre eux. Une étude de localisation in situ de leurs métabolites majeurs respectifs (érythrine et acide roccellique pour R. phycopsis et érythrine, acide léprarique et acetylportentol pour R. fuciformis) a été réalisée et a démontré leur emplacement spécifique au sein des thalles lichéniques. Les communautés bactériennes cultivables associées à trois lichens de la côte bretonne (France) (Roccella fuciformis, Lichina confinis, L. pygmaea) et un lichen terrestre récolté en Autriche (Collema auriforme) ont été étudiées afin de trouver de nouveaux métabolites d'intérêts. L'abondance et la diversité des communautés bactériennes associées à ces lichens a été montré: 247 souches ont été isolées et identifiées par l’étude du gène de l'ARNr 16S. Ainis, plus de 30% de toutes les souches expriment des gènes permettant la production potentielle des composés bioactifs et 12% appartiennent probablement à de nouvelles espèces bactériennes. Les métabolites secondaires de deux bactéries cultivables associées ont été étudiés (MOLA1488, Streptomyces sp. et MOLA1416, Hoeflea sp.) et certains métabolites spécialisés actifs ont été isolés (des dicétopipérazines, des alcaloïdes, des dérivés phénoxazine par exemple ...) présentant des propriétés biologiques intéressantes. Enfin, pour mettre en évidence les interactions possibles entre les lichens et leurs bactéries associées, une approche de culture (extraits lichéniques et bactéries associées) a été réalisée à partir de 4 souches bactériennes les plus abondantes associées à Roccella fuciformis pour (1) évaluer l'impact de ces métabolites sur la croissance de ces quatre souches et également, (2) à évaluer la capacité de bioconversion de l'acide leprarique et de l’érythrine. Ces bactéries ont montré la capacité de bio-converser l’érythrine en acide orsellinique, mais aucun des quatre métabolites testés n’a affecté leur croissance.

Published
2014

198. Solar Energetic Particles and Associated EIT Disturbances in Solar Cycle 23

Author

I. W. Kienreich, Olga Malandraki, Karl-Ludwig Klein, Astrid Veronig, Rositsa Miteva, Manuela Temmer, Space Research and Technology Institute [Sofia], Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Demokritos University of Thrace, Department of Electrical Engineering, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Solar energetic particles, Proton, FOS: Physical sciences, Solar cycle 23, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Electron, Corona, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Coronal mass ejection, Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Heliospheric current sheet, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

We explore the link between solar energetic particles (SEPs) observed at 1 AU and large-scale disturbances propagating in the solar corona, named after the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) as EIT waves, which trace the lateral expansion of a coronal mass ejection (CME). A comprehensive search for SOHO/EIT waves was carried out for 179 SEP events during Solar Cycle 23 (1997 – 2006). 87 % of the SEP events were found to be accompanied by EIT waves. In order to test if the EIT waves play a role in the SEP acceleration, we compared their extrapolated arrival time at the footpoint of the Parker spiral with the particle onset in the 26 eastern SEP events that had no direct magnetic connection to the Earth. We find that the onset of proton events was generally consistent with this scenario. However, in a number of cases the first near-relativistic electrons were detected too early. Furthermore, the electrons had in general only weakly anisotropic pitch-angle distributions. This poses a problem for the idea that the SEPs were accelerated by the EIT wave or in any other spatially confined region in the low corona. The presence of weak electron anisotropies in SEP events from the eastern hemisphere suggests that transport processes in interplanetary space, including cross-field diffusion, play a role in giving the SEPs access to a broad range of helio-longitudes.

Published
2014
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199. Biology of a widespread uncultivated archaeon that contributes to carbon fixation in the subsurface

Author

Alexander J. Probst, Jillian F. Banfield, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs, Brian C. Thomas, Markus Schmid, Bernhard Viehweger, Arno Schintlmeister, Thomas Weinmaier, Gerhard Wanner, Simonetta Gribaldo, Thomas Rattei, Andreas Klingl, Joanne B. Emerson, Christine Moissl-Eichinger, Sandra Meck, Kasie Raymann, Ivan A. Berg, Anna K. Auerbach, A. Perras, Michael Wagner, Marcos Yukio Yoshinaga, Matthias Heise, University of Regensburg, Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley] (EPS), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Vienna [Vienna], Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles (BMGE), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Medical University Graz, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science [Vienna], BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Medical University Graz, Research on SM1-MSI and IM-C4 was supported by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), grant no. MO 1977/3-1 given to C.M.-E. A.J.P. was supported by the German National Academic Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes). Research on SM1-CG was supported by US DOE EFRC award to Jillian Banfield. Research of IAB was supported by the German Research Foundation (grant no. BE 4822/3-1 and Heisenberg fellowship). Kasie Raymann is a scholar from the Pasteur–Paris University (PPU) International PhD program and received a stipend from the Paul W. Zuccaire Foundation. Molecular-isotopic studies of archaeal lipids in Bremen have been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz program and the ERC Advanced Grant DARCLIFE (both to KUH)., We thank Reinhard Wirth, Charlotte Völkel, Robert Huber, Tamas Torok, Pierre Offre, Florence Schubotz, Xavier Prieto and Dmitrij Turaev for assistance and discussions., University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Philipps Universität Marburg, and Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Medical University Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
MESH: Groundwater/microbiology, MESH: Archaea/metabolism, Lineage (evolution), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Sequence Data, General Physics and Astronomy, MESH: Archaea/classification, Genomics, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Carbon cycle, Carbon Cycle, Phylogenetics, MESH: Archaea/genetics, MESH: Carbon/metabolism, Autotroph, MESH: Phylogeny, Groundwater, Phylogeny, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, biology, Environmental microbiology, Ecology, Carbon fixation, MESH: Archaea/growth & development, Phylogenomics, MESH: Carbon Cycle, General Chemistry, Biogeochemistry, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Groundwater/analysis, Archaea, Carbon, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Candidatus, Metagenomics
Abstract

International audience; Subsurface microbial life contributes significantly to biogeochemical cycling, yet it remains largely uncharacterized, especially its archaeal members. This 'microbial dark matter' has been explored by recent studies that were, however, mostly based on DNA sequence information only. Here, we use diverse techniques including ultrastuctural analyses to link genomics to biology for the SM1 Euryarchaeon lineage, an uncultivated group of subsurface archaea. Phylogenomic analyses reveal this lineage to belong to a widespread group of archaea that we propose to classify as a new euryarchaeal order ('Candidatus Altiarchaeales'). The representative, double-membraned species 'Candidatus Altiarchaeum hamiconexum' has an autotrophic metabolism that uses a not-yet-reported Factor 420-free reductive acetyl-CoA pathway, confirmed by stable carbon isotopic measurements of archaeal lipids. Our results indicate that this lineage has evolved specific metabolic and structural features like nano-grappling hooks empowering this widely distributed archaeon to predominate anaerobic groundwater, where it may represent an important carbon dioxide sink.

Published
2014
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200. Primal-Dual Strategy for Constrained Optimal Control Problems

Author

Karl Kunisch, Maïtine Bergounioux, Kazufumi Ito, Mathématiques - Analyse, Probabilités, Modélisation - Orléans (MAPMO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Department of Mathematics [Raleigh NC], North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Institut für Mathematik [Graz] (IM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and Bergounioux, Maïtine

Subjects
Mathematical optimization, Augmented Lagrangian, 021103 operations research, Control and Optimization, Discretization, Optimal Control, Augmented Lagrangian method, Applied Mathematics, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 49J20, 49M29, [MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, 02 engineering and technology, Nonlinear control, Optimal control, 01 natural sciences, Dual (category theory), Primal-dual method, Complementarity (molecular biology), Convergence (routing), Active Set, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Quadratic programming, 0101 mathematics, Mathematics
Abstract

International audience; An algorithm for efficient solution of control constrained optimal control problems is proposed and analyzed. It is based on an active set strategy involving primal as well as dual variables. For discretized problems sufficient conditions for convergence in finitely many iterations are given. Numerical examples are given and the role of strict complementarity condition is discussed.

Published
1999
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