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Microplastics (MPs) are present not only in the environment but also in drinking water, food, and consumer products. These MPs being toxic, carcinogenic, endocrine disrupting, and genetic risk creators cause several diseases. Despite various approaches, the development of onsite applicable, facile, and quick MP detection methods is still challenging. Here, 3D‐plasmonic gold nanopocket (3D‐PGNP) nanoarchitecture is formed on a paper substrate for simultaneous MP filtration and detection. The paper‐based 3D‐PGNP is integrated with a syringe filter device, and then, MP‐containing solutions are injected through the syringe. Subsequent detection of the MPs using the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) successfully identifies the MPs without pretreatment. The interface and volumetric hotspot generation of 3D‐PGNP around the captured MPs significantly improves the sensitivity, which is confirmed by finite‐difference time‐domain simulation. Then, the SERS mapping images obtained from a portable Raman spectrometer are transformed into digital signals via machine learning (ML) technique to identify and quantify the MP distribution. The developed SERS‐ML‐based MP detection method is applied for mixture MPs and for real matrix samples, demonstrating that the method provides improved accuracy. This system is expected to be used for various MPs detection and for environmentally hazardous substances, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inkjet printers have started to manufacture OLED/QLED pixel arrays for the display industry, and the precise measurement and control of ink droplet volume during the printing process has become important. We investigated the feasibility of Fraunhofer diffraction analysis as a volume measurement tool for fast-moving inkjet droplets. To confirm the basic idea, two Fraunhofer diffraction-based methods were used to calculate the wire diameters of well-known sized and steady-positioned metal wires. The first method was to curve-fit the whole measured diffraction intensity curve with the extensive Fraunhofer diffraction equation. The second one was to use the simple approximate diameter calculation equation with the measured position data of minimum diffraction intensity. The metal wire diameters calculated by the two methods showed less than 1.17% error. For the size measurement of fast-moving inkjet droplets, the first method showed 24.5 µm diameter and 7.7 pL volume, while the second method showed 25.4 µm diameter and 8.58 pL volume. We found that the second method was more suitable for real-time inkjet monitoring because its average computer calculation time was 33 ms, and the first method took an average of 34 ms, about 1000 times more CPU time. Hence, Fraunhofer diffraction analysis as an inkjet droplet volume measurement tool was feasible with a good balance of measurement time and measurement accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fusarium crown and root rot is a severe fungal disease of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL). In this study, the genomic location of the FORL-resistance locus was determined using a set of molecular markers on chromosome 9 and an [F.sub.2] population derived from FORL-resistant inbred 'AV107-4' (Solanum lycopersicum) x susceptible 'L3708' (Solanum pimpinellifolium). Bioassay performed using Korean FORL strain KACC 40031 showed single dominant inheritance of FORL resistance in the [F.sub.2] population. In all, 13 polymerase chain reaction-based markers encompassing approximately 3.6-72.0 Mb of chromosome 9 were developed based on the Tomato-EXPEN 2000 map and SolCAP Tomato single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis. These markers were genotyped on 345 [F.sub.2] plants, and the FORL-resistance locus was found to be present on a pericentromeric region of suppressed chromosomal recombination in chromosome 9. The location of the FORL-resistance locus was further confirmed by testing these markers against diverse commercial tomato and stock cultivars resistant to FORL. A restriction fragment length polymorphism marker, PNU-D4, located at approximately 6.1 Mb of chromosome 9 showed the highest match with the resistance locus and was used for conducting high-resolution melting analysis for marker-assisted selection of FORL resistance. Key words: disease resistance, Fusarium crown and root rot, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, molecular marker, Solanum lycopersicum. La pourriture fusarienne de la tige et des racines est une maladie fongique grave causee par le Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL). Dans ce travail, la position genomique d'un locus de resistance au FORL a ete determinee a l'aide de marqueurs moleculaires situes sur le chromosome 9 et d'une population [F.sub.2] derivee du croisement entre la lignee fixee resistante 'AV107-4' (Solanum lycopersicum) et la lignee sensible 'L3708' (Solanum pimpinellifolium). Un bioessai realise a l'aide de la souche coreenne FORL KACC 40031 a montre une heredite monogenique dominante de la resistance au FORL au sein de cette population. En tout, 13 marqueurs PCR couvrant une region s'etendant approximativement entre 3,6 et 72,0 Mb du chromosome 9 ont ete developpes sur la base de la carte genetique TomatoEXPEN 2000 et de la puce de genotypage SolCAP SNP. Ces marqueurs ont ete genotypes sur 345 plantes [F.sub.2], et le locus de resistance au FORL a ete situe dans une region pericentromerique du chromosome 9 qui presente une suppression de la recombinaison. La position de ce locus de resistance a ete confirmee en utilisant ces marqueurs sur une collection de diverses varietes commerciales et sources de resistance au FORL. Un polymorphisme de longueur du fragment de restriction, PNU-D4, situe a environ 6,1 Mb sur le chromosome 9, a montre la plus forte association avec le locus de resistance et a ete utilise pour realiser des analyses de dissociation a haute resolution (<< high-resolution melting >>) pour des fins de selection assistee de la resistance au FORL. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : resistance a la maladie, pourriture fusarienne de la tige et des racines, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, marqueur moleculaire, Solanum lycopersicum., Introduction Fusarium oxysporum (Sacc.) Snyder & Hans., a soil-borne haploid fungal plant pathogen causes vascular wilt or root rot in various agricultural crops and ornamental plants (Olivain and Alabouvette 1997; [...]