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157. The mobile library catalogue

Author

Koster, L., Heesakkers, D., Chambers, S., and Universiteitsbibliotheek

Abstract

Introduction What is a mobile catalogue? A mobile catalogue is a view of a library's collection, with corresponding services, targeted at customers using mobile devices. This definition summarizes the issues involved and the questions that need to be answered. What are mobile devices? What are mobile applications? Who are mobile users? What type of library are we talking about? What is the collection? Is the mobile view different from the standard view? Which services are targeted at mobile customers? In this chapter we will find out the answers to these questions. Beginning with defining exactly what a mobile device is, and what it is not, we will then move on to explore the different kinds of mobile applications it is possible to implement and look at the advantages and disadvantages of each. An overview of a range of mobile platforms is followed by a brief explanation of the mobile phone network technology. As mobile library services need to be developed for the endusers, the user needs of the target audience from a range of different types of library will be explored. Building on this understanding of user needs, the different types of mobile library services are then explored, before looking specifically at what functionalities of a library catalogue can be provided via a mobile device. With this background knowledge in place, we will then turn our attention to putting it into practice. Using the University of Amsterdam Library's ‘UBA Mobile’ implementation as a case study, the practical steps that need to be undertaken to ‘get a mobile catalogue’ will be followed. This part includes practical tips and lessons learned to assist in making the task of implementing a mobile catalogue easier. Next comes a selection of implementation examples spanning various types of library and different software platforms. The chapter concludes with a tenpoint checklist outlining the steps to set up a mobile catalogue. Mobile devices The first question to be answered is: which mobile devices are we referring to? The main feature that distinguishes mobile computing from previous technologies is the fact that it enables people to have internet access literally any time, anywhere. This limits the type of mobile devices to the ones small enough to carry around in a pocket or handbag such as mobile smart phones and small internet devices like the iPod Touch.

Published
2013

158. Highly Reproducible Sn‐Based Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells with 9% Efficiency.

Author

Shao, Shuyan, Liu, Jian, Portale, Giuseppe, Fang, Hong‐Hua, Blake, Graeme R., ten Brink, Gert H., Koster, L. Jan Anton, and Loi, Maria Antonietta

Subjects
SOLAR cells, TIN, PEROVSKITE, ENERGY consumption, VACANCIES in crystals, CRYSTAL defects
Abstract

Abstract: The low power conversion efficiency (PCE) of tin‐based hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPSCs) is mainly attributed to the high background carrier density due to a high density of intrinsic defects such as Sn vacancies and oxidized species (Sn4+) that characterize Sn‐based HPSCs. Herein, this study reports on the successful reduction of the background carrier density by more than one order of magnitude by depositing near‐single‐crystalline formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) films with the orthorhombic a‐axis in the out‐of‐plane direction. Using these highly crystalline films, obtained by mixing a very small amount (0.08 m) of layered (2D) Sn perovskite with 0.92 m (3D) FASnI3, for the first time a PCE as high as 9.0% in a planar p–i–n device structure is achieved. These devices display negligible hysteresis and light soaking, as they benefit from very low trap‐assisted recombination, low shunt losses, and more efficient charge collection. This represents a 50% improvement in PCE compared to the best reference cell based on a pure FASnI3 film using SnF2 as a reducing agent. Moreover, the 2D/3D‐based HPSCs show considerable improved stability due to the enhanced robustness of the perovskite film compared to the reference cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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159. I, shambrarian

Author

Koster, L., Ruddock, B., and Universiteitsbibliotheek

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, InformationSystems_INFORMATIONSTORAGEANDRETRIEVAL, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Case study of a career of a non-librarian in a library technology systems and data management and coordination job.

Published
2012

167. Worldwide outdoor round robin study of organic photovoltaic devices and modules

Author

Madsen, Morten V, Gevorgyan, Suren A, Pacios, R, Ajuria, J, Etxebarria, I, Kettle, Jeff, Bristow, Noel D, Neophytou, Marios, Choulis, Stelios A, Stolz Roman, Lucimara, Yohannes, Teketel, Cester, Andrea, Cheng, Pei, Zhan, Xiaowei, Wu, Jiang, Xie, Zhiyuan, Tu, Wei-Chen, He, Jr-Hau, Fell, Christopher J, Anderson, Kenrick, Hermenau, Martin, Bartesaghi, Davide, Jan Anton Koster, L, Machui, Florian, Gonzalez-Valls, Irene, Lira-Cantu, Monica, Khlyabich, Petr P, Thompson, Barry C, Gupta, Ritu, Shanmugam, Kiruthika, Kulkarni, Giridhar U, Galagan, Yulia, Urbina, Antonio, Abad, Jose, Roesch, Roland, Hoppe, Harald, Morvillo, P, Bobeico, E, Panaitescu, Eugen, Menon, Latika, Luo, Qun, Wu, Zhenwu, Ma, Changqii, Hambarian, Artak, Melikyan, Varuzhan, Hambsch, M, Burn, Paul L, Meredith, Paul, Rath, Thomas, Dunst, Sebastian, Trimmel, Gregor, Bardizza, Giorgio, Mullejans, Harald, Goryachev, A E, Misra, Ravi K, Katz, Eugene A, Takagi, Katsuhiko, Magaino, Shinichi, Saito, Hidenori, Aoki, Daisuke, Sommeling, Paul M, Kroon, Jan M, Vangerven, Tim, Manca, Jean, Kesters, Jurgen, Maes, Wouter, Bobkova, Olga D, Trukhanov, Vasily A, Paraschuk, Dmitry Yu, Castro, Fernando A, Blakesley, James, Tuladhar, Sachetan M, Rohr, Jason Alexander, Nelson, Jenny, Xia, Jiangbin, Parlak, Elif Alturk, Tumay, Tulay Alsi, Egelhaaf, Hans-Joachim, Tanenbaum, David M, Ferguson, Gretta Mae, Carpenter, Robert, Chen, Hongzheng, Zimmermann, Birger, Hirsch, Lionel, Wantz, Guillaume, Sun, Ziqi, Singh, Pradeep, Bapat, Chaitnya, Offermans, Ton, Krebs, Frederik C, Madsen, Morten V, Gevorgyan, Suren A, Pacios, R, Ajuria, J, Etxebarria, I, Kettle, Jeff, Bristow, Noel D, Neophytou, Marios, Choulis, Stelios A, Stolz Roman, Lucimara, Yohannes, Teketel, Cester, Andrea, Cheng, Pei, Zhan, Xiaowei, Wu, Jiang, Xie, Zhiyuan, Tu, Wei-Chen, He, Jr-Hau, Fell, Christopher J, Anderson, Kenrick, Hermenau, Martin, Bartesaghi, Davide, Jan Anton Koster, L, Machui, Florian, Gonzalez-Valls, Irene, Lira-Cantu, Monica, Khlyabich, Petr P, Thompson, Barry C, Gupta, Ritu, Shanmugam, Kiruthika, Kulkarni, Giridhar U, Galagan, Yulia, Urbina, Antonio, Abad, Jose, Roesch, Roland, Hoppe, Harald, Morvillo, P, Bobeico, E, Panaitescu, Eugen, Menon, Latika, Luo, Qun, Wu, Zhenwu, Ma, Changqii, Hambarian, Artak, Melikyan, Varuzhan, Hambsch, M, Burn, Paul L, Meredith, Paul, Rath, Thomas, Dunst, Sebastian, Trimmel, Gregor, Bardizza, Giorgio, Mullejans, Harald, Goryachev, A E, Misra, Ravi K, Katz, Eugene A, Takagi, Katsuhiko, Magaino, Shinichi, Saito, Hidenori, Aoki, Daisuke, Sommeling, Paul M, Kroon, Jan M, Vangerven, Tim, Manca, Jean, Kesters, Jurgen, Maes, Wouter, Bobkova, Olga D, Trukhanov, Vasily A, Paraschuk, Dmitry Yu, Castro, Fernando A, Blakesley, James, Tuladhar, Sachetan M, Rohr, Jason Alexander, Nelson, Jenny, Xia, Jiangbin, Parlak, Elif Alturk, Tumay, Tulay Alsi, Egelhaaf, Hans-Joachim, Tanenbaum, David M, Ferguson, Gretta Mae, Carpenter, Robert, Chen, Hongzheng, Zimmermann, Birger, Hirsch, Lionel, Wantz, Guillaume, Sun, Ziqi, Singh, Pradeep, Bapat, Chaitnya, Offermans, Ton, and Krebs, Frederik C

Abstract

Accurate characterization and reporting of organic photovoltaic (OPV) device performance remains one of the important challenges in the field. The large spread among the efficiencies of devices with the same structure reported by different groups is significantly caused by different procedures and equipment used during testing. The presented article addresses this issue by offering a new method of device testing using "suitcase sample" approach combined with outdoor testing that limits the diversity of the equipment, and a strict measurement protocol. A round robin outdoor characterization of roll-to-roll coated OPV cells and modules conducted among 46 laboratories worldwide is presented, where the samples and the testing equipment were integrated in a compact suitcase that served both as a sample transportation tool and as a holder and test equipment during testing. In addition, an internet based coordination was used via plasticphotovoltaics.org that allowed fast and efficient communication among participants and provided a controlled reporting format for the results that eased the analysis of the data. The reported deviations among the laboratories were limited to 5% when compared to the Si reference device integrated in the suitcase and were up to 8% when calculated using the local irradiance data. Therefore, this method offers a fast, cheap and efficient tool for sample sharing and testing that allows conducting outdoor measurements of OPV devices in a reproducible manner.

Published
2014

169. Performance Improvement of Polymer: Fullerene Solar Cells Due to Balanced Charge Transport

Author

Koster, L. Jan Anton, Mihailetchi, Valentin D., Lenes, Martijn, Blom, Paul W.M., Brabec, Christoph, Dyakonov, Vladimir, Scherf, Ullrich, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, and Photophysics and OptoElectronics

Subjects
photovoltaics, solar cells, photocurrents, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), balanced charge transport, BHJ
Published
2008

171. Performance enhancement of poly(3-hexylthiophene):methanofullerene bulk-heterojunction solar cells.: Section Title: Electrochemical, Radiational, and Thermal Energy Technology

Author

Koster, L. Jan Anton, Mihailetchi, Valentin D., Hummelen, Jan C., Blom, Paul W. M., Photophysics and OptoElectronics, and Molecular Energy Materials

Subjects
heterojunction, methanofullerene, polyhexylthiophene, Heterojunction solar cells (effect of thermal annealing and slow drying on performance of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene):methanofullerene bulk-heterojunction solar cells), cell, solar, performance, Annealing, Drying
Abstract

Using a newly developed device model we have studied the effect of controlled thermal annealing on charge transport and photogeneration in bulk-heterojunction solar cells made from blend films of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and methanofullerene (PCBM). With respect to the charge transport, we demonstrate that the hole mobility in the P3HT phase of the blend is dramatically affected by thermal annealing. It increases more than three orders of magnitude, to reach a value up to ≈2 × 10-8 m2/(V·s) after the annealing process, as a result of an improved crystallinity of the film. Slow drying leads to an addnl. 33-fold enhancement of the hole mobility even up to 5.0 × 10-7 m2/(V·s), thereby balancing the transport of electrons and holes in the blend. The resulting redn. of space-charge accumulation enables the use of thick films (∼300 nm), absorbing most of the incoming photons, without losses in the fill factor and short-circuit current of the device. As a next step we performed model calcns. to det. the potential of polymer/fullerene bulk-heterojunction solar cells. Lowering the polymeric band will lead to a device efficiency exceeding 6%. Tuning the electronic levels of PCBM in such a way that less energy is lost in the electron transfer process enhances the efficiency to values in excess of 8%. Ultimately, with an optimized level tuning, band gap and balanced mobilities polymeric solar cells can reach power conversion efficiencies approaching 11%. [on SciFinder(R)]

Published
2006

172. Space-charge formation in thick MDMO-PPV

Author

Lenes, M., Mihailetchi, V. D., Koster, L. J. A., Blom, P. W. M., Heremans, PL, Muccini, M, and Meulenkamp, EA

Subjects
Materials science, Organic solar cell, business.industry, organic, polymer, fullerene, Energy conversion efficiency, Heterojunction, bulk heterojunction, Space charge, Polymer solar cell, recombination, Active layer, law.invention, solar cell, Optics, law, Solar cell, Optoelectronics, space-charge, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), business
Abstract

One of the most studied systems in the field of organic photovoltaic devices are bulk heterojunction solar cells based on poly[2-methoxy-5-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMO-PPV) as electron donor and methano[60] fullerene [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as electron acceptor. A striking feature of these types of solar cells is that at the optimal device thickness of typically 100 nm only 60% of the incident light is absorbed. It is evident that the absorption can be enhanced by increasing the thickness of the active layer. However, in spite of an increased absorption the overall power conversion efficiency shows a negative trend when increasing the device thickness beyond 100nm. From device point of view the reduced performance with increasing thickness mainly originates from a decrease of the fill factor. We demonstrate that this fill factor decrease is a result of the formation of space-charges in thick devices and charge recombination.

Published
2006

173. Enhancing doping efficiency by improving host-dopant miscibility for fullerene-based n-type thermoelectrics.

Author

Liu, Jian, Koopmans, Marten, Anton Koster, L. Jan, Qiu, Li, Qiu, Xinkai, Chiechi, Ryan C., Hummelen, Jan C., Havenith, Remco W. A., Alessandri, Riccardo, and Marrink, Siewert J.

Abstract

This paper describes a promising n-type doping system with high performance for thermoelectric applications. By introducing the polar triethylene glycol (TEG) side chain onto both fullerene host (PTEG-1) and dopant (TEG-DMBI) materials, the TEG-DMBI doped PTEG-1 films obtained through solution processing provide a better miscibility compared with films doped with commercially available N-DMBI (bearing a dimethylamino group instead of TEG), as determined by phase imaging AFM (atomic force microscopy) measurements and coarse-grain molecular dynamics simulations, leading to high doping efficiency up to 18% at 20 mol% doping concentration and thus high carrier density and mobility, which are critical to the electrical conductivity. Therefore a record power factor of 19.1 μW m−1 K−2 is obtained with an electrical conductivity of 1.81 S cm−1, one of the highest values reported for solution processable fullerene derivatives as n-type organic materials for thermoelectric applications to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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174. Electron and hole transport in poly(para-phenylene vinylene):methanofullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells

Author

Mihailetchi, VD, de Boer, B, Melzer, C, Koster, L. Jan Anton, Blom, Paul W. M., Kafafi, ZH, and Lane, PA

Subjects
Electron mobility, Materials science, Organic solar cell, Photoconductivity, Analytical chemistry, organic solar cells, POLYMER, Heterojunction, Poly(p-phenylene vinylene), POLY(P-PHENYLENE VINYLENE), Polymer solar cell, charge transport, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, DEPENDENCE, law, Phase (matter), Polymer chemistry, Solar cell, photoconduction
Abstract

We have measured the electron and hole mobility in blends of poly(2-methoxy-5-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene) (MDMO-PPV) and [6,6]-phenyl C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) with varying MDMO-PPV/PCBM composition. It is shown that the electron mobility in the PCBM-rich phase gradually increases up to 80 wt.% PCBM, due to an increased number of percolated pathways from bottom to top electrode. In contrast to the expectations the hole mobility in the MDMO-PPV phase shows a similar behavior as a function of fullerene concentration; Starting at 40 wt.% with the value of pristine MDMO-PPV the hole mobility strongly increases and saturates beyond 67 wt.% at a value which is more than two order of magnitude higher. The large enhancement of the hole mobility and its saturation is related to recent findings on the film morphology of this material system.

Published
2004

175. Worldwide outdoor round robin study of organic photovoltaic devices and modules

Author

Madsen, Morten V., primary, Gevorgyan, Suren A., additional, Pacios, R., additional, Ajuria, J., additional, Etxebarria, I., additional, Kettle, Jeff, additional, Bristow, Noel D., additional, Neophytou, Marios, additional, Choulis, Stelios A., additional, Stolz Roman, Lucimara, additional, Yohannes, Teketel, additional, Cester, Andrea, additional, Cheng, Pei, additional, Zhan, Xiaowei, additional, Wu, Jiang, additional, Xie, Zhiyuan, additional, Tu, Wei-Chen, additional, He, Jr-Hau, additional, Fell, Christopher J, additional, Anderson, Kenrick, additional, Hermenau, Martin, additional, Bartesaghi, Davide, additional, Jan Anton Koster, L., additional, Machui, Florian, additional, González-Valls, Irene, additional, Lira-Cantu, Monica, additional, Khlyabich, Petr P., additional, Thompson, Barry C., additional, Gupta, Ritu, additional, Shanmugam, Kiruthika, additional, Kulkarni, Giridhar U., additional, Galagan, Yulia, additional, Urbina, Antonio, additional, Abad, Jose, additional, Roesch, Roland, additional, Hoppe, Harald, additional, Morvillo, P., additional, Bobeico, E., additional, Panaitescu, Eugen, additional, Menon, Latika, additional, Luo, Qun, additional, Wu, Zhenwu, additional, Ma, Changqi, additional, Hambarian, Artak, additional, Melikyan, Varuzhan, additional, Hambsch, M., additional, Burn, Paul L., additional, Meredith, Paul, additional, Rath, Thomas, additional, Dunst, Sebastian, additional, Trimmel, Gregor, additional, Bardizza, Giorgio, additional, Müllejans, Harald, additional, Goryachev, A.E., additional, Misra, Ravi K., additional, Katz, Eugene A., additional, Takagi, Katsuhiko, additional, Magaino, Shinichi, additional, Saito, Hidenori, additional, Aoki, Daisuke, additional, Sommeling, Paul M., additional, Kroon, Jan M., additional, Vangerven, Tim, additional, Manca, Jean, additional, Kesters, Jurgen, additional, Maes, Wouter, additional, Bobkova, Olga D., additional, Trukhanov, Vasily A., additional, Paraschuk, Dmitry Yu., additional, Castro, Fernando A., additional, Blakesley, James, additional, Tuladhar, Sachetan M, additional, Alexander Röhr, Jason, additional, Nelson, Jenny, additional, Xia, Jiangbin, additional, Parlak, Elif Alturk, additional, Tumay, Tülay Aslı, additional, Egelhaaf, Hans-Joachim, additional, Tanenbaum, David M., additional, Mae Ferguson, Gretta, additional, Carpenter, Robert, additional, Chen, Hongzheng, additional, Zimmermann, Birger, additional, Hirsch, Lionel, additional, Wantz, Guillaume, additional, Sun, Ziqi, additional, Singh, Pradeep, additional, Bapat, Chaitnya, additional, Offermans, Ton, additional, and Krebs, Frederik C., additional

Published
2014
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178. Strategy for Enhancing the Dielectric Constant of Organic Semiconductors Without Sacrificing Charge Carrier Mobility and Solubility

Author

Torabi, Solmaz, primary, Jahani, Fatemeh, additional, Van Severen, Ineke, additional, Kanimozhi, Catherine, additional, Patil, Satish, additional, Havenith, Remco W. A., additional, Chiechi, Ryan C., additional, Lutsen, Laurence, additional, Vanderzande, Dirk J. M., additional, Cleij, Thomas J., additional, Hummelen, Jan C., additional, and Koster, L. Jan Anton, additional

Published
2014
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185. Complex craniosynostosis is associated with the 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome

Author

Florisson, J.M., Mathijssen, I.M., Dumee, B., Hoogeboom, J.A., Poddighe, P.J., Oostra, B.A., Frijns, J.P., Koster, L., Klein, A. de, Eussen, B., Vries, B. de, Swagemakers, S., Spek, P. van der, Verkerk, A.J., Florisson, J.M., Mathijssen, I.M., Dumee, B., Hoogeboom, J.A., Poddighe, P.J., Oostra, B.A., Frijns, J.P., Koster, L., Klein, A. de, Eussen, B., Vries, B. de, Swagemakers, S., Spek, P. van der, and Verkerk, A.J.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2013

186. Side-chain effects on N-type organic thermoelectrics: A case study of fullerene derivatives

Author

Liu, Jian, Qiu, Li, Portale, Giuseppe, Torabi, Solmaz, Stuart, Marc C.A., Qiu, Xinkai, Koopmans, Marten, Chiechi, Ryan C., Hummelen, Jan C., and Anton Koster, L. Jan

Abstract

In this contribution, the two key parameters, the polarity and side chain length have been changed to study their effects on n-type organic thermoelectrics of a series of fullerene derivatives. Fullerene derivatives bearing either an alkyl side chain or ethylene glycol (EG) side chains of different lengths are used as the host molecules for molecular doping. It is found that the polar EG side chains can enable better miscibility with the polar dopant than the alkyl side chain, which leads to more than 5-fold enhancement of doping efficiency. Beyond the doping efficiency, another crucial parameter of molecular doping, the molecular order, is readily acquired by simultaneous control of the polarity and the length of the side chain. A polar side chain with an appropriate chain length can contribute to increasing Seebeck coefficients of doped fullerene derivatives more effectively than an alkyl side chain, likely due to the resultant good miscibility and high molecular order. As a result, an optimized power factor of 23.1 μW m-1K-2is achieved in the fullerene derivative with a tetraethylene glycol side chain. This represents one of the best n-type organic thermoelectrics. Additionally, EG side chains can improve the air stability of n-doped fullerene derivatives films as compared to an alkyl side chain. Our work sheds light on the design of side-chains in efficient n-type small molecules thermoelectric materials and contributes to the understanding of their thermoelectric properties.

Published
2018
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187. Medewerker als concurrent : concurrentie- en relatiebeding

Author

Hulsegge, P., Ouwersloot-Koster, L., Hulsegge, P., and Ouwersloot-Koster, L.

Abstract

Om te voorkomen dat de beste vertegenwoordiger na afloop van zijn dienstverband ineens een belangrijke concurrent wordt, is het verstandig om een goed geformuleerd en op maat op maat gemaakt concurrentie- en relatiebeding op te nemen in de arbeidsovereenkomst, voorzien van een boetebeding.

Published
2012

188. Quantifying Bimolecular Recombination Losses in Organic Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

Author

Jan Anton Koster, L., Kemerink, Martijn, Wienk, Martijn M., Maturova, Klara, Janssen, Rene A. J., Jan Anton Koster, L., Kemerink, Martijn, Wienk, Martijn M., Maturova, Klara, and Janssen, Rene A. J.

Abstract

We present a new experimental technique that affords direct quantification of the fraction of charge carriers lost in poly(3-hexylthiophene): fullerene solar cells by bimolecular recombination. Depending on annealing conditions up to 17% of carriers recombine bimolecularly under solar illumination. We explain our findings with a closed analytical expression for the photocurrent generated by an organic solar cell., Funding Agencies|Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [1355]

Published
2011
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189. Pathogenicity and Molecular Characterization of Emerging Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Vietnam in 2007

Author

Metwally, S., Mohamed, F., Faaberg, K., Burrage, T., Prarat, M., Moran, K., Bracht, A., Mayr, G., Berninger, M., Koster, L., To, T. L., Nguyen, V. L., Reising, M., Landgraf, J., Cox, L., Lubroth, J., Carrillo, C., Metwally, S., Mohamed, F., Faaberg, K., Burrage, T., Prarat, M., Moran, K., Bracht, A., Mayr, G., Berninger, M., Koster, L., To, T. L., Nguyen, V. L., Reising, M., Landgraf, J., Cox, L., Lubroth, J., and Carrillo, C.

Abstract

In 2007, Vietnam experienced swine disease outbreaks causing clinical signs similar to the ‘porcine high fever disease’ that occurred in China during 2006. Analysis of diagnostic samples from the disease outbreaks in Vietnam identified porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2). Additionally, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus were cultured from lung and spleen, and Streptococcus suis from one spleen sample. Genetic characterization of the Vietnamese PRRSV isolates revealed that this virus belongs to the North American genotype (type 2) with a high nucleotide identity to the recently reported Chinese strains. Amino acid sequence in the nsp2 region revealed 95.7–99.4% identity to Chinese strain HUN4, 68–69% identity to strain VR-2332 and 58–59% identity to strain MN184. A partial deletion in the nsp2 gene was detected; however, this deletion did not appear to enhance the virus pathogenicity in the inoculated pigs. Animal inoculation studies were conducted to determine the pathogenicity of PRRSV and to identify other possible agents present in the original specimens. Pigs inoculated with PRRSV alone and their contacts showed persistent fever, and two of five pigs developed cough, neurological signs and swollen joints. Necropsy examination showed mild to moderate bronchopneumonia, enlarged lymph nodes, fibrinous pericarditis and polyarthritis. PRRSV was re-isolated from blood and tissues of the inoculated and contact pigs. Pigs inoculated with lung and spleen tissue homogenates from sick pigs from Vietnam developed high fever, septicaemia, and died acutely within 72 h, while their contact pigs showed no clinical signs throughout the experiment. Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus was cultured, and PRRSV was re-isolated only from the inoculated pigs. Results suggest that the cause of the swine deaths in Vietnam is a multifactorial syndrome with PRRSV as a major factor.

Published
2011

190. De betrokkenheid van scholieren bij de rechtsstaat en democratie. De effectiviteit van het programma ‘Rechtsstaat en democratie’ van het project De Haagse Tribune.

Author

Koster, L., Winter, M de (Thesis Advisor), Koster, L., and Winter, M de (Thesis Advisor)

Abstract

In dit onderzoek is het effect geëvalueerd van het programma ‘Rechtsstaat en democratie’ van De Haagse Tribune, uitgevoerd door het Instituut voor Publiek en Politiek. Omdat het programma de elementen observatie, participatie en reflectie bevat, werd een positief effect verwacht op de kennis, houding en vaardigheden van jongeren ten opzichte van democratie. Dit effect zou niet al te groot zijn, omdat zaken betreffende democratie niet in een dag geleerd kunnen worden, maar onderdeel moeten zijn van het gehele curriculum. Het onderzoek bestaat uit een vragenlijst afgenomen op drie verschillende meetmomenten: een voormeting, een meting direct na afloop van het programma en een meting een maand later. Na het afnemen van vragenlijsten bleek inderdaad dat de effecten van het programma gematigd positief zijn. Vooral op het gebied van de vaardigheden van de jongeren werden goede resultaten gevonden. De houding van de jongeren was direct na afloop wel verbeterd, maar dit effect was na een maand verdwenen. Op kennisgebied werden geen effecten gevonden; dit is waarschijnlijk te wijten aan de opbouw van de vragenlijst. Om betere resultaten te bereiken moet meer aandacht besteed worden aan de voorbereidingen op school en aan herhaling in de klas na afloop. Op deze manier raakt het programma meer ingebed in de context en levert het voor de jongeren meer op.

Published
2009

198. Identification and Analysis of the First 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus from U.S. Feral Swine

Author

Clavijo, A., primary, Nikooienejad, A., additional, Esfahani, M. S., additional, Metz, R. P., additional, Schwartz, S., additional, Atashpaz-Gargari, E., additional, Deliberto, T. J., additional, Lutman, M. W., additional, Pedersen, K., additional, Bazan, L. R., additional, Koster, L. G., additional, Jenkins-Moore, M., additional, Swenson, S. L., additional, Zhang, M., additional, Beckham, T., additional, Johnson, C. D., additional, and Bounpheng, M., additional

Published
2012
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