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198 results on '"Krizmanic, John"'

151. SIPM use in Future Space Instruments

Author

Link, Jason, primary, Brandt, Terri, additional, De Nolfo, Georgia A., additional, Du Monthier, Jeff, additional, Krizmanic, John, additional, Mitchell$, John, additional, Mitchell$, Sara, additional, Sakai$, Kenichi, additional, Sasaki, Makoto, additional, Suarez, George, additional, and Wiedenbeck, M. E., additional

Published
2017
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153. POEMMA: Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics

Author

Olinto, Angela V., primary, Adams, James H., additional, Aloisio, Roberto, additional, Anchordoqui, Luis A., additional, Bergman, Doug R., additional, Bertaina, Mario E., additional, Bertone, Peter, additional, Christl, Mark J., additional, Csorna, Steven E., additional, Eser, Johannes, additional, Fenu, Francesco, additional, Hays, Elizabeth A., additional, Hunter, Stanley D., additional, Judd, Eleanor, additional, Jun, Insoo, additional, Krizmanic, John, additional, Kuznetsov, Evgeny, additional, Martinez-Sierra, L. M., additional, mastafa, malek, additional, Matthews, John N., additional, McEnery, Julie, additional, Mitchell, John W., additional, Neronov, Andrii, additional, Otte, A. Nepomuk, additional, Parizot, Etienne, additional, Paul, Thomas C., additional, Perkins, Jeremy S., additional, Prévôt, Guillaume, additional, Reardon, Patrick, additional, Reno, Mary Hall, additional, Sarazin, Frederic, additional, Shinozaki, Kenji, additional, Stecker, Floyd, additional, Streitmatter, Robert, additional, Wiencke, Lawrence, additional, and Young, Roy M., additional

Published
2017
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154. BurstCube: A CubeSat for Gravitational Wave Counterparts

Author

Perkins, Jeremy S., primary, Racusin, Judith, additional, Briggs, Michael S., additional, De Nolfo, Georgia A., additional, Krizmanic, John, additional, Caputo, Regina, additional, E. McEnery, Julie, additional, Shawhan, Peter, additional, MORRIS, David, additional, Connaughton, Valerie, additional, Kocevski, Dan, additional, Wilson-Hodge, Colleen, additional, Hui, Michelle, additional, Mitchell, Lee, additional, and McBreen, Sheila, additional

Published
2017
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157. Elemental Abundances of Ultra-Heavy GCRs measured by SuperTIGER and ACE-CRIS and the Origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays

Author

Hams, Thomas, primary, Binns, W. Robert, additional, Brandt, T. J., additional, Christian, Eric, additional, Cummings, Alan C., additional, De Nolfo, Georgia A., additional, Dowkontt, Paul, additional, Israel, Martin, additional, Krizmanic, John, additional, Labrador, Allan, additional, Leske, Richard, additional, Link, Jason, additional, Mewaldt, Richard Alvin, additional, Mitchell, John W., additional, Murphy, Ryan, additional, Rauch, Brian Flint, additional, Sakai, Kenichi, additional, Sasaki, Makoto, additional, Stone, Edward C., additional, von Rosenvinge, Tycho, additional, Waddington, Cecil Jake, additional, Ward, John E., additional, Westphal, Andrew, additional, and Wiedenbeck, M. E., additional

Published
2016
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158. Monte-Carlo estimation of the inflight performance of the GEMS satellite x-ray polarimeter

Author

Kitaguchi, Takao, additional, Tamagawa, Toru, additional, Hayato, Asami, additional, Enoto, Teruaki, additional, Yoshikawa, Akifumi, additional, Kaneko, Kenta, additional, Takeuchi, Yoko, additional, Black, Kevin, additional, Hill, Joanne, additional, Jahoda, Keith, additional, Krizmanic, John, additional, Sturner, Steven, additional, Griffiths, Scott, additional, Kaaret, Philip, additional, and Marlowe, Hannah, additional

Published
2014
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159. NICHE: The Non-Imaging CHErenkov Array

Author

Bergman, Douglas, Krizmanic, John, Bergman, Douglas, and Krizmanic, John

Abstract

The accurate measurement of the Cosmic Ray (CR) nuclear composition around and above the Knee (~ 10^15.5 eV) has been difficult due to uncertainties inherent to the measurement techniques and/or dependence on hadronic Monte Carlo simulation models required to interpret the data. Measurement of the Cherenkov air shower signal, calibrated with air fluorescence measurements, offers a methodology to provide an accurate measurement of the nuclear composition evolution over a large energy range. NICHE will use an array of widely-spaced, non-imaging Cherenkov counters to measure the amplitude and time-spread of the air shower Cherenkov signal to extract CR nuclear composition measurements and to cross-calibrate the Cherenkov energy and composition measurements with TA/TALE fluorescence and surface detector measurements., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, to be published in the Proceedings of the Centenary Symposium 2012:Discovery of Cosmic Rays (University of Denver, June 26-28, 2012), AIP Conference Proceedings, Editor Jonathan F. Ormes, in Press

Published
2012
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160. The Potential of Spaced-based High-Energy Neutrino Measurements via the Airshower Cherenkov Signal

Author

Krizmanic, John F., Mitchell, John W., Krizmanic, John F., and Mitchell, John W.

Abstract

Future space-based experiments, such as OWL and JEM-EUSO, view large atmospheric and terrestrial neutrino targets. With energy thresholds slightly above 10^19 eV for observing airshowers via air fluorescence, the potential for observing the cosmogenic neutrino flux associated with the GZK effect is limited. However, the forward Cherenkov signal associated with the airshower can be observed at much lower energies. A simulation was developed to determine the Cherenkov signal strength and spatial extent at low-Earth orbit for upward-moving airshowers. A model of tau neutrino interactions in the Earth was employed to determine the event rate of interactions that yielded a tau lepton which would induce an upward-moving airshower observable by a space-based instrument. The effect of neutrino attenuation by the Earth forces the viewing of the Earth's limb to observe the nu_tau-induced Cherenkov airshower signal at above the OWL Cherenkov energy threshold of ~10^16.5 eV for limb-viewed events. Furthermore, the neutrino attenuation limits the effective terrestrial neutrino target area to ~3x10^5 km^2 at 10^17 eV, for an orbit of 1000 km and an instrumental full Field-of-View of 45 degrees. This translates into an observable cosmogenic neutrino event rate of ~1/year based upon two different models of the cosmogenic neutrino flux, assuming neutrino oscillations and a 10% duty cycle for observation., Comment: Contribution to the 32nd ICRC, Beijing, China, August 2011; Paper#1331, 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2011
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163. Formation flying for a Fresnel lens observatory mission

Author

Krizmanic, John, Skinner, Gerry, Gehrels, Neil, Krizmanic, John, Skinner, Gerry, and Gehrels, Neil

Abstract

The employment of a large area Phase Fresnel Lens (PFL) in a gamma-ray telescope offers the potential to image astrophysical phenomena with micro-arcsecond angular resolution. In order to assess the feasibility of this concept, two detailed studies have been conducted of formation flying missions in which a Fresnel lens capable of focussing gamma-rays and the associated detector are carried on two spacecraft separated by up to 10$^6$ km. These studies were performed at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Integrated Mission Design Center (IMDC) which developed spacecraft, orbital dynamics, and mission profiles. The results of the studies indicated that the missions are challenging but could be accomplished with technologies available currently or in the near term. The findings of the original studies have been updated taking account of recent advances in ion thruster propulsion technology., Comment: Presented at GammaWave05: "Focusing Telescopes in Nuclear Astrophysics", Bonifacio, Corsica, September 2005, to be published in Experimental Astronomy, 7 pages

Published
2006
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164. Development of Ground-testable Phase Fresnel Lenses in Silicon

Author

Krizmanic, John, Morgan, Brian, Streitmatter, Robert, Gehrels, Neil, Gendreau, Keith, Arzoumanian, Zaven, Ghodssi, Reza, Skinner, Gerry, Krizmanic, John, Morgan, Brian, Streitmatter, Robert, Gehrels, Neil, Gendreau, Keith, Arzoumanian, Zaven, Ghodssi, Reza, and Skinner, Gerry

Abstract

Diffractive/refractive optics, such as Phase Fresnel Lenses (PFL's), offer the potential to achieve excellent imaging performance in the x-ray and gamma-ray photon regimes. In principle, the angular resolution obtained with these devices can be diffraction limited. Furthermore, improvements in signal sensitivity can be achieved as virtually the entire flux incident on a lens can be concentrated onto a small detector area. In order to verify experimentally the imaging performance, we have fabricated PFL's in silicon using gray-scale lithography to produce the required Fresnel profile. These devices are to be evaluated in the recently constructed 600-meter x-ray interferometry testbed at NASA/GSFC. Profile measurements of the Fresnel structures in fabricated PFL's have been performed and have been used to obtain initial characterization of the expected PFL imaging efficiencies., Comment: Presented at GammaWave05: "Focusing Telescopes in Nuclear Astrophysics", Bonifacio, Corsica, September 2005, to be published in Experimental Astronomy, 8 pages, 3 figures

Published
2006
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165. Fresnel lenses for X-ray and Gamma-ray Astronomy

Author

Skinner, Gerry, von Ballmoos, Peter, Gehrels, Neil, Krizmanic, John, Skinner, Gerry, von Ballmoos, Peter, Gehrels, Neil, and Krizmanic, John

Abstract

Phase Fresnel lenses have the same imaging properties as zone plates, but with the possibility of concentrating all of the incident power into the primary focus, increasing the maximum theoretical efficiency from 11% to close to 100%. For X-rays, and in particular for gamma-rays, large, diffraction-limited phase Fresnel lenses can be made relatively easily. The focal length is very long - for example up to a million kms. However, the correspondingly high `plate-scale' of the image means that the ultra-high (sub-micro-arc-second) angular resolution possible with a diffraction limited gamma-ray lens a few metres in diameter can be exploited with detectors having \~mm spatial resolution. The potential of such systems for ultra-high angular resolution astronomy, and for attaining the sensitivity improvements desperately needed for certain other studies, are reviewed and the advantages and disadvantages vis-a-vis alternative approaches are discussed. We report on reduced-scale 'proof-of-principle tests' which are planned and on mission studies of the implementation of a Fresnel telescope on a space mission with lens and detector on two spacecraft separated by one million km. Such a telescope would be capable of resolving emission from super-massive black holes on the scale of their event horizons and would have the sensitivity necessary to detect gamma-ray lines from distant supernovae. We show how diffractive/refractive optics leads to a continuum of possible system designs between filled aperture lenses and wideband interferometric arrays., Comment: To be published in "Proceedings of the SPIE conference 5168 : Optics for EUV, X-ray and Gamma-Ray Astronomy", San Diego, August 2003

Published
2003
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166. Limitations on Space-based Air Fluorescence Detector Apertures obtained from IR Cloud Measurements

Author

Krizmanic, John, Sokolsky, Pierre, Streitmatter, Robert, Krizmanic, John, Sokolsky, Pierre, and Streitmatter, Robert

Abstract

The presence of clouds between an airshower and a space-based detector can dramatically alter the measured signal characteristics due to absorption and scattering of the photonic signals. Furthermore, knowledge of the cloud cover in the observed atmosphere is needed to determine the instantaneous aperture of such a detector. Before exploring the complex nature of cloud-airshower interactions, we examine a simpler issue. We investigate the fraction of ultra-high energy cosmic ray events that may be expected to occur in volumes of the viewed atmosphere non-obscured by clouds. To this end, we use space-based IR data in concert with Monte Carlo simulated $10^{20}$ eV airshowers to determine the acceptable event fractions. Earth-observing instruments, such as MODIS, measure detailed cloud configurations via a CO$_2$-slicing technique that can be used to determine cloud-top altitudes over large areas. Thus, events can be accepted if their observed 3-dimensional endpoints occur above low clouds as well as from areas of cloud-free atmosphere. An initial analysis has determined that by accepting airshowers that occur above low clouds, the non-obscured acceptance can be increased by approximately a factor of 3 over that obtained using a cloud-free criterion., Comment: Submitted to 28th ICRC (Tsukuba, Japan), 4 pages, 3 Figures

Published
2003

168. The future of high angular resolution x-ray astronomy

Author

Gorenstein, Paul, primary, Cash, Webster, additional, Gehrels, Neil, additional, Gendreau, Keith, additional, Krizmanic, John, additional, Miller, M. Coleman, additional, Reynolds, Christopher S., additional, Sambruna, Rita M., additional, Skinner, Gerald K., additional, Streitmatter, Robert E., additional, and Windt, David L., additional

Published
2008
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169. Medium-Energy Gamma-Ray Astrophysics with the 3-DTI Gamma-Ray Telescope

Author

Hunter, Stanley D., primary, Baker, Robert G., additional, Barbier, Louis M., additional, Bloser, Peter F., additional, Cooper, LaVida, additional, Krizmanic, John F., additional, Link, Jason T., additional, McConnell, Mark L., additional, de Nolfo, Georgia A., additional, Ryan, James M., additional, Singh, Satpal, additional, and Son, Seunghee, additional

Published
2006
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170. Simulated Performance of 3-DTI Gamma-Ray Telescope Concepts

Author

Bloser, Peter F., primary, McConnell, Mark L., additional, Ryan, James M., additional, Barbier, Louis M., additional, Centa, Alan, additional, Hunter, Stanley D., additional, Krizmanic, John F., additional, Link, Jason T., additional, de Nolfo, Georgia A., additional, and Son, Seunghee, additional

Published
2006
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171. NICHE: The non-imaging Cherenkov array.

Author

Bergman, Douglas and Krizmanic, John

Subjects
*CHERENKOV counters, *COSMIC rays, *PHYSICAL measurements, *MONTE Carlo method, *CALIBRATION, *SIGNAL-to-noise ratio
Abstract

The accurate measurement of the Cosmic Ray (CR) nuclear composition around and above the Knee (∼ 1015.5 eV) has been difficult due to uncertainties inherent to the measurement techniques and/or dependence on hadronic Monte Carlo simulation models required to interpret the data. Measurement of the Cherenkov air shower signal, calibrated with air fluorescence measurements, offers a methodology to provide an accurate measurement of the nuclear composition evolution over a large energy range. NICHE will use an array of widely-spaced, non-imaging Cherenkov counters to measure the amplitude and time-spread of the air shower Cherenkov signal to extract CR nuclear composition measurements and to cross-calibrate the Cherenkov energy and composition measurements with TA/TALE fluorescence and surface detector measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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175. Formation flying for a Fresnel lens observatory mission.

Author

von Ballmoos, Peter, Krizmanic, John, Gehrels, Neil, and Skinner, Gerry

Abstract

The employment of a large area Phase Fresnel Lens (PFL) in a gamma-ray telescope offers the potential to image astrophysical phenomena with micro-arcsecond (μ″) angular resolution [1]. In order to assess the feasibility of this concept, two detailed studies have been conducted of formation flying missions in which a Fresnel lens capable of focussing gamma-rays and the associated detector are carried on two spacecraft separated by up to 106 km. These studies were performed at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Integrated Mission Design Center (IMDC) which developed spacecraft, orbital dynamics, and mission profiles. The results of the studies indicated that the missions are challenging but could be accomplished with technologies available currently or in the near term. The findings of the original studies have been updated taking account of recent advances in ion thruster propulsion technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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176. Development of ground-testable phase fresnel lenses in silicon.

Author

von Ballmoos, Peter, Krizmanic, John, Morgan, Brian, Streitmatter, Robert, Gehrels, Neil, Gendreau, Keith, Arzoumanian, Zaven, Ghodssi, Reza, and Skinner, Gerry

Abstract

Diffractive optics, such as Phase Fresnel Lenses (PFL's), offer the potential to achieve excellent imaging performance in the x-ray and gamma-ray photon regimes. In principle, the angular resolution obtained with these devices can be diffraction limited. Furthermore, improvements in signal sensitivity can be achieved as virtually the entire flux incident on a lens can be concentrated onto a small detector area. In order to verify experimentally the imaging performance, we have fabricated PFL's in silicon using gray-scale lithography to produce the required Fresnel profile. These devices are to be evaluated in the recently constructed 600-meter x-ray interferometry testbed at NASA/GSFC. Profile measurements of the Fresnel structures in fabricated PFL's have been performed and have been used to obtain initial characterization of the expected PFL imaging efficiencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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180. Arc-second source positions with a prototype BASIS imaging system

Author

Palmer, David M., primary, Parsons, Ann M., additional, Kurczynski, Peter, additional, Barbier, Louis M., additional, Barthelmy, Scott D., additional, Bartlett, Lyle M., additional, Fenimore, Edward E., additional, Gehrels, Neil A., additional, Krizmanic, John F., additional, Mancini, Derrick C., additional, Stahle, Carl M., additional, Tueller, Jack, additional, and Teegarden, Bonnard J., additional

Published
1997
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181. Position resolution performance of prototype segmented CdZnTe arrays

Author

Parsons, Ann M., primary, Palmer, David M., additional, Kurczynski, Peter, additional, Barbier, Louis M., additional, Barthelmy, Scott D., additional, Bartlett, Lyle M., additional, Gehrels, Neil A., additional, Krizmanic, John F., additional, Stahle, Carl M., additional, Tueller, Jack, additional, and Teegarden, Bonnard J., additional

Published
1997
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182. CdZnTe strip detectors for astrophysical arc second imaging and spectroscopy: detector performance and radiation effects

Author

Bartlett, Lyle M., primary, Stahle, Carl M., additional, Palmer, David M., additional, Barbier, Louis M., additional, Barthelmy, Scott D., additional, Birsa, F. B., additional, Gehrels, Neil A., additional, Krizmanic, John F., additional, Kurczynski, Peter, additional, Odom, James L., additional, Parsons, Ann M., additional, Sappington, Carol, additional, Shu, Peter K., additional, Teegarden, Bonnard J., additional, and Tueller, Jack, additional

Published
1996
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183. Maximum-energy Auger-shower satellite (MASS/AIRWATCH)

Author

Takahashi, Yoshiyuki, primary, Chipman, Russell A., additional, Dimmock, John O., additional, Hillman, Lloyd W., additional, Lamb, David J., additional, Leslie, Thomas M., additional, Weimer, Jeffrey J., additional, Christl, Mark J., additional, Fishman, Gerald J., additional, Parnell, Thomas A., additional, Barbier, Louis M., additional, Boyce, Kevin R., additional, Christian, Eric R., additional, Krizmanic, John F., additional, Mitchell, John W., additional, Ormes, Jonathan F., additional, Stecker, Floyd W., additional, Stilwell, Donald E., additional, Streitmatter, Robert E., additional, Loh, Eugene C., additional, Sokolski, Pierre, additional, Sommers, Paul, additional, Cherry, Michael L., additional, Linsley, John, additional, and Scarsi, Livio, additional

Published
1996
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184. Radiation damage and activation of CdZnTe by intermediate energy neutrons

Author

Bartlett, Lyle M., primary, Stahle, Carl M., additional, Shu, Peter K., additional, Barbier, Louis M., additional, Barthelmy, Scott D., additional, Gehrels, Neil A., additional, Krizmanic, John F., additional, Kurczynski, Peter, additional, Palmer, David M., additional, Parsons, Ann M., additional, Teegarden, Bonnard J., additional, and Tueller, Jack, additional

Published
1996
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185. CdZnTe strip detector for arcsecond imaging and spectroscopy

Author

Stahle, Carl M., primary, Parsons, Ann M., additional, Bartlett, Lyle M., additional, Kurczynski, Peter, additional, Krizmanic, John F., additional, Barbier, Louis M., additional, Barthelmy, Scott D., additional, Birsa, F. B., additional, Gehrels, Neil A., additional, Odom, James L., additional, Palmer, David M., additional, Sappington, Carol, additional, Shu, Peter K., additional, Teegarden, Bonnard J., additional, and Tueller, Jack, additional

Published
1996
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187. BASIS: a new gamma-ray burst imaging and spectroscopy mission concept

Author

Teegarden, Bonnard J., primary, Gehrels, Neil A., additional, Fenimore, Edward E., additional, Barbier, Louis M., additional, Cline, Thomas L., additional, Parsons, Ann M., additional, Tueller, Jack, additional, Krizmanic, John F., additional, Barthelmy, Scott D., additional, Palmer, David M., additional, Fishman, Gerald J., additional, Kouveliotou, Chryssa, additional, Hurley, Kevin C., additional, Paciesas, William S., additional, van Paradijs, J., additional, Leventhal, M., additional, Woosley, Stanford E., additional, McCammon, Dan, additional, Sanders III, Wilton T., additional, Schaefer, Barbara A., additional, Bartlett, Lyle M., additional, Lisse, Casey M., additional, and Stahle, Carl M., additional

Published
1995
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189. BASIS mission concept for gamma-ray burst imaging and spectroscopy.

Author

Gehrels, Neil A., Teegarden, Bonnard J., Barbier, Louis M., Barthelmy, Scott D., Bartlett, Lyle M., Cline, Thomas L., Fenimore, Edward E., Fishman, Gerald J., Hurley, Kevin C., Krizmanic, John F., Kouveliotou, Chryssa, Leventhal, M., McCammon, Dan, Norris, Jay P., Palmer, David M., Parsons, Ann M., Paciesas, William S., Sanders III, Wilton T., Schaefer, Bradley, and Stahle, Carl M.

Published
1996
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190. Maximum-energy Auger-shower satellite (MASS/AIRWATCH).

Author

Takahashi, Yoshiyuki, Chipman, Russell A., Dimmock, John O., Hillman, Lloyd W., Lamb, David J., Leslie, Thomas M., Weimer, Jeffrey J., Christl, Mark J., Fishman, Gerald J., Parnell, Thomas A., Barbier, Louis M., Boyce, Kevin R., Christian, Eric R., Krizmanic, John F., Mitchell, John W., Ormes, Jonathan F., Stecker, Floyd W., Stilwell, Donald E., Streitmatter, Robert E., and Loh, Eugene C.

Published
1996
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192. Space-based extensive air shower optical Cherenkov and fluorescence measurements using SiPM detectors in context of POEMMA.

Author

Krizmanic, John F.

Subjects
*COSMIC ray showers, *ULTRA-high energy cosmic rays, *NEUTRINOS, *SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments, *FLUORESCENCE, *NEUTRINO interactions
Abstract

Developed as NASA Astrophysics Probe-class mission, the Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) is designed to identify the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and to observe cosmic neutrinos. POEMMA consists of two spacecraft flying in a loose formation at 525 km altitude, 28.5°inclination orbits. Each spacecraft hosts a Schmidt telescope with a large collecting area and wide Field-of-View (FoV). A novel focal plane is employed that is optimized to observe both the UV fluorescence signal from extensive air showers (EASs) and the optical Cherenkov signals from EASs. In UHECR stereo fluorescence mode, POEMMA will measure the spectrum, composition, and full-sky distribution of the UHECRs above 20 EeV with high statistics along with remarkable sensitivity to UHE neutrinos. The POEMMA spacecraft are designed to quickly re-orient to a Target-of-Opportunity (ToO) neutrino mode to observe transient astrophysical sources with unique sensitivity. In this mode, POEMMA will be able to detect cosmic tau neutrino events above 20 PeV by measuring the upward-moving EASs for τ -lepton decays induced from tau neutrino interactions in the Earth. In this paper, POEMMA's science goals and instrument design are summarized with a focus on the SiPM implementation in POEMMA, along with a detailed discussion of the properties of the Cherenkov EAS signal in the context of wide wavelength sensitivity offered by SiPMs. A comparison of the fluorescence response between SiPMs and the MAPMTs currently planned for use in POEMMA will also be discussed, assessing the potential for SiPMs to perform EAS fluorescence measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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193. Simulation studies of delta-ray backgrounds in a Compton-Scatter Transition Radiation Detector

Author

Krizmanic, John F., Cherry, Michael L., and Streitmatter, Robert E.

Subjects
*NUCLEAR track detectors, *DELTA rays, *RADIATIVE transitions, *COSMIC rays
Abstract

Abstract: In order to evaluate the response to cosmic-ray nuclei of a Compton-Scatter Transition Radiation Detector in the proposed ACCESS space-based mission, a hybrid Monte Carlo simulation using GEANT3 and an external transition radiation (TR) generator routine was constructed. This simulation was employed to study the effects of delta-ray production induced by high-energy nuclei and to maximize the ratio of TR to -ray background. The results demonstrate the ability of a Compton-Scatter Transition Radiation Detector to measure nuclei from boron to iron up to Lorentz factors , taking into account the steeply falling power-law cosmic ray spectra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2006
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194. The Future of Gamma-Ray Experiments in the MeV-EeV Range

Author

Engel, K., Goodman, J., Huentemeyer, P., Kierans, C., Lewis, T. R., Negro, M., Santander, M., Williams, D. A., Allen, Alice, Aramaki, Tsuguo, Rafael Alves Batista, Benoit, Mathieu, Bloser, Peter, Bohon, Jennifer, Bolotnikov, Aleksey E., Brewer, Isabella, Briggs, Michael S., Brisbois, Chad, Burgess, J. Michael, Burns, Eric, Caputo, Regina, Carini, Gabriella A., Cenko, S. Bradley, Charles, Eric, Ciprini, Stefano, D Elia, Valerio, Daylan, Tansu, Distel, James, Donath, Axel, Duvall, Wade, Fleischhack, Henrike, Fletcher, Corinne, Fong, Wen Fe, Gasparrini, Dario, Giardino, Marco, Goldstein, Adam, Griffin, Sean, Grove, J. Eric, Hamburg, Rachel, Harding, J. Patrick, Hare, Jeremy, Hristov, Boyan, Hui, C. Michelle, Jaffe, Tess, Jenke, Pete, Kargaltsev, Oleg, Karwin, Christopher M., Kerr, Matthew, Kim, Dongsung, Kocevski, Daniel, Krizmanic, John, Laha, Ranjan, Di Lalla, Niccolo, Legere, Jason, Leto, Cristina, Leys, Richard, Lucarelli, Fabrizio, Martinez-Castellanos, Israel, Maselli, Alessandro, Mazziotta, M. Nicola, Mcconnell, Mark, Mcenery, Julie, Metcalfe, Jessica, Meyer, Manuel, Moiseev, Alexander A., Mukherjee, Reshmi, Negro, Michela, Ogasawara, Keiichi, Omodei, Nicola, Peric, Ivan, Perkins, Jeremy S., Perri, Matteo, Pittori, Carlotta, Polenta, Gianluca, Poulson, Daniel, Preece, Robert, Principe, Giacomo, Racusin, Judith L., Roberts, Oliver, Rodd, Nicholas L., Shawhan, Peter, Shutt, Thomas, Sleator, Clio, Smale, Alan, Smedley, John, Smith, Jacob R., Tasson, Jay, Teuben, Peter, Tomsick, John, Veres, Peter, Verrecchia, Francesco, Wadiasingh, Zorawar, Wilson-Hodge, Colleen A., Wood, Joshua, Woolf, Richard S., Yang, Hui, Zhang, Bing, Zhang, Haocheng, and Zoglauer, Andreas

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

Gamma-rays, the most energetic photons, carry information from the far reaches of extragalactic space with minimal interaction or loss of information. They bring messages about particle acceleration in environments so extreme they cannot be reproduced on earth for a closer look. Gamma-ray astrophysics is so complementary with collider work that particle physicists and astroparticle physicists are often one in the same. Gamma-ray instruments, especially the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, have been pivotal in major multi-messenger discoveries over the past decade. There is presently a great deal of interest and scientific expertise available to push forward new technologies, to plan and build space- and ground-based gamma-ray facilities, and to build multi-messenger networks with gamma rays at their core. It is therefore concerning that before the community comes together for planning exercises again, much of that infrastructure could be lost to a lack of long-term planning for support of gamma-ray astrophysics. Gamma-rays with energies from the MeV to the EeV band are therefore central to multiwavelength and multi-messenger studies to everything from astroparticle physics with compact objects, to dark matter studies with diffuse large scale structure. These goals and new discoveries have generated a wave of new gamma-ray facility proposals and programs. This paper highlights new and proposed gamma-ray technologies and facilities that have each been designed to address specific needs in the measurement of extreme astrophysical sources that probe some of the most pressing questions in fundamental physics for the next decade. The proposed instrumentation would also address the priorities laid out in the recent Astro2020 Decadal Survey, a complementary study by the astrophysics community that provides opportunities also relevant to Snowmass., Contribution to Snowmass 2021

195. Radio Detection of Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays with Low Lunar Orbiting SmallSats

Author

Romero-Wolf, Andrés, Alvarez-Muñiz, Jaime, Anchordoqui, Luis A., Bergman, Douglas, Carvalho, Washington, Cummings, Austin L., Gorham, Peter, Handmer, Casey J., Harvey, Nate, Krizmanic, John, Nishimura, Kurtis, Prechelt, Remy, Reno, Mary Hall, Schoorlemmer, Harm, Varner, Gary, Venters, Tonia, Stephanie Wissel, and Zas, Enrique

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are the most energetic particles observed and serve as a probe of the extreme universe. A key question to understanding the violent processes responsible for their acceleration is identifying which classes of astrophysical objects (active galactic nuclei or starburst galaxies, for example) correlate to their arrival directions. While source clustering is limited by deflections in the Galactic magnetic field, at the highest energies the scattering angles are sufficiently low to retain correlation with source catalogues. While there have been several studies attempting to identify source catalogue correlations with data from the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array, the significance above an isotropic background has not yet reached the threshold for discovery. It has been known for several decades that a full-sky UHECR observatory would provide a substantial increase in sensitivity to the anisotropic component of UHECRs. There have been several concepts developed in that time targeting the identification of UHECR sources such as OWL, JEM-EUSO, and POEMMA, using fluorescence detection in the Earth's atmosphere from orbit. In this white paper, we present a concept called the Zettavolt Askaryan Polarimeter (ZAP), designed to identify the source of UHECRs using radio detection of the Askaryan radio emissions produced by UHECRs interacting in the Moon's regolith from low lunar orbit., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, letter of interest submitted to Snowmass 2021

196. Report of the Topical Group on Cosmic Probes of Fundamental Physics for for Snowmass 2021

Author

Adhikari, Rana X., Anchordoqui, Luis A., Fang, Ke, Sathyaprakash, B. S., Tollefson, Kirsten, Lewis, Tiffany R., Engel, Kristi, Aboubrahim, Amin, Akarsu, Ozgur, Yashar Akrami, Aloisio, Roberto, Alves Batista, Rafael, Ballardini, Mario, Ballmer, Stefan W., Bechtol, Ellen, Benisty, David, Berti, Emanuele, Birrer, Simon, Bonilla, Alexander, Brito, Richard, Bustamante, Mauricio, Caldwell, Robert, Cardoso, Vitor, Chakrabarti, Sukanya, Chen, Thomas Y., Cicoli, Michele, Clesse, Sebastien, Coleman, Alan, Cui, Yanou, Cusin, Giulia, Daylan, Tansu, Dienes, Keith R., Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dvorkin, Cora, Escamilla-Rivera, Celia, Farrar, Glennys R., Feng, Jonathan L., Frusciante, Noemi, Garciabellido, Juan, Garcia Canal, Carlos, Garzelli, Maria Vittoria, Glombitza, Jonas, Golup, Geraldina, Gritsevich, Maria, Haiman, Zoltan, Haro, Jaume, Hazra, Dhiraj Kumar, Heavens, Alan, Holz, Daniel, Horandel, Jorg R., Ishak, Mustapha, Ivanov, Mikhail M., Joudaki, Shahab, Kampert, Karl-Heinz, Karwin, Christopher M., Keeley, Ryan, Klasen, Michael, Konoplich, Rostislav, Krizmanic, John F., Kumar, Suresh, Levi, Noam, L Huillier, Benjamin, Mandic, Vuk, Marra, Valerio, Martins, C. J. A. P., Matarrese, Sabino, Mayotte, Eric, Mayotte, Sonja, Mersini-Houghton, Laura, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Andrew L., Mottola, Emil, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Murase, Kohta, Muzio, Marco Stein, Nath, Pran, Ng, Ken K. Y., No, Jose Miguel, Nunes, Rafael C., Olinto, Angela V., Pace, Francesco, Pan, Supriya, Perez Bergliaffa, Santiago E., Pogosian, Levon, Read, Jocelyn, Reininghaus, Maximilian, Reno, Mary Hall, Riess, Adam G., Sakellariadou, Mairi, Sakharov, Alexander S., Salucci, Paolo, Santander, Marcos, Santos, Eva, Sarazin, Fred, Saridakis, Emmanuel N., Sciutto, Sergio J., Shafieloo, Arman, Shoemaker, David H., Sinha, Kuver, Soldin, Dennis, Soriano, Jorge F., Staicova, Denitsa, Sun, Ling, Steer, D. A., Thomas, Brooks, Tomsick, John A., Valera, Victor B., Vazquez, J. Alberto, Venters, Tonia M., Visinelli, Luca, Watson, Scott, Webb, John K., Weltman, Amanda, White, Graham, Wissel, Stephanie, Yadav, Anil Kumar, Yang, Fengwei, Yang, Weiqiang, Yunes, Nicolas, Yushkov, Alexey, Zhang, Haocheng, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics and Astronomy, gravitational radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, hep-ph, VHE, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), cosmic radiation, gamma ray, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Particle Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Cosmic Probes of Fundamental Physics take two primary forms: Very high energy particles (cosmic rays, neutrinos, and gamma rays) and gravitational waves. Already today, these probes give access to fundamental physics not available by any other means, helping elucidate the underlying theory that completes the Standard Model. The last decade has witnessed a revolution of exciting discoveries such as the detection of high-energy neutrinos and gravitational waves. The scope for major developments in the next decades is dramatic, as we detail in this report., Report of theTopical Group on Cosmic Probes of Fundamental Physics, for the U.S. decadal Particle Physics Planning Exercise (Snowmass 2021)

197. SuperTIGER instrument abundances of galactic cosmic rays for the charge interval [formula omitted].

Author

Walsh, Nathan Elliot, Akaike, Yosui, Binns, Walter Robert, Bose, Richard G., Brandt, Terri J., Braun, Dana L., Cannady, Nicholas W., Dowkontt, Paul F., Hams, Thomas, Israel, Martin H., Krizmanic, John F., Labrador, Allan W., Mewaldt, Richard A., Mitchell, John W., Murphy, Ryan P., de Nolfo, Georgia A., Nutter, Scott, Olevitch, Martin A., Rauch, Brian. F., and Sakai, Kenichi

Subjects
*GALACTIC cosmic rays, *COSMIC abundances, *COSMIC rays, *STATISTICAL accuracy, *HEAVY elements, *INTERPLANETARY dust
Abstract

We report preliminary elemental abundance results from the 55-day long-duration-balloon flight of SuperTIGER (Super Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder) during the 2012–2013 austral summer. SuperTIGER measured the relative abundances of Galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) nuclei with high statistical precision and well resolved individual element peaks from 10 Ne to 40 Zr. SuperTIGER also made exploratory measurements of the relative abundances up to 56 Ba. Although the statistics are low for elements heavier than 40 Zr, we present, for the first time, relative abundance measurements of charges Z = 41 - 56 with individual element resolution. GCR measurements up to 40 Zr support a source acceleration model where supernovae in OB associations preferentially accelerate refractory elements that are more readily embedded in interstellar dust grains than volatiles. In addition, injection into the GCR for both refractory and volatile elements appears to follow a charge dependence consistent with their grain sputtering cross sections. By extending the GCR measurement range past 40 Zr, we can begin to further constrain these models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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198. Cosmic tau neutrino detection via Cherenkov signals from air showers from Earth-emerging taus.

Author

Hall Reno M, Krizmanic JF, and Venters TM

Abstract

We perform a new, detailed calculation of the flux and energy spectrum of Earth-emerging τ- leptons generated from the interactions of tau neutrinos and antineutrinos in the Earth. A layered model of the Earth is used to describe the variable density profile of the Earth. Different assumptions regarding the neutrino charged- and neutral-current cross sections as well as the τ -lepton energy loss models are used to quantify their contributions to the systematic uncertainty. A baseline simulation is then used to generate the optical Cherenkov signal from upward-moving extensive air showers generated by the τ -lepton decay in the atmosphere, applicable to a range of space-based instruments. We use this simulation to determine the neutrino sensitivity for E ν ≳ 10 PeV for a space-based experiment with performance similar to that for the Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) mission currently under study.

Published
2019
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