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153. Intraoperative dexmedetomidine use is associated with lower incidence of acute kidney injury after non-cardiac surgery.

Author

Tang, Yong-Zhong, Wang, Qiong, Zhi, Li, Liu, Xing, Le, Yuan, Liao, Qin, Li, Bo, and Zhang, Wei

Subjects
SURGICAL complications, ACUTE kidney failure, DEXMEDETOMIDINE, KIDNEY failure, HOSPITAL mortality, CARDIOVASCULAR surgery
Abstract

Previous studies have shown that perioperative dexmedetomidine could reduce the incidence of postoperative AKI in cardiovascular surgery, however, its effectiveness in the non-cardiovascular surgery patient population has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine on the incidence of postoperative AKI and postoperative ICU admissions in patients undergoing non-cardiovascular surgery. A single-center retrospective cohort study obtained from the database of the Center for Anesthesia and Surgery, the Third Xiangya Hospital. Inpatients between 18 and 75 years of age who were admitted to our hospital for non-cardiovascular surgery from 2012 to 2019. Overall 2391 patients who used dexmedetomidine intraoperatively were analyzed in comparison to 4552 patients who did not use dexmedetomidine after one-to-two matching. The two cohorts had similar baseline values and demographic characteristics. The incidence of AKI was lower in patients with intraoperative dexmedetomidine use than in the nonuse group (OR 0.60, p <.001). The rate of severe renal failure needing dialysis was also lower than in the nonuse group (β = –0.02, p <.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the rate of AKI was still lower in the dexmedetomidine group. The rate of postoperative ICU admissions and in-hospital deaths were similar in the two groups (p >.05). For non-cardiovascular surgery patient population, intraoperative use of dexmedetomidine was associated with a lower incidence and less severity of postoperative AKI. However, there was no significant correlation with postoperative ICU occupancy or in-hospital mortality. Further prospective RCTs are needed in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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163. A Multiple Access Game Based MAC Protocol for Fairness Provisioning and Throughput Enhancement

Author

Jing, Tao, Yang, Yunqing, Le, Yuan, Ma, Liran, Zhou, Wei, Huo, Yan, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Wang, Xinbing, editor, Zheng, Rong, editor, Jing, Tao, editor, and Xing, Kai, editor

Published
2012
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165. Transcriptomes of Zebrafish in Early Stages of Multiple Viral Invasions Reveal the Role of Sterols in Innate Immune Switch-On

Author

Gang Ouyang, Le Yuan, Xiao-Qin Xia, Wanting Zhang, and Mijuan Shi

Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry, stress, switch-on innate immune, Organic Chemistry, early stage of viral infection, General Medicine, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Spectroscopy, Catalysis, Computer Science Applications, steroids
Abstract

Although it is widely accepted that in the early stages of virus infection, fish pattern recognition receptors are the first to identify viruses and initiate innate immune responses, this process has never been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we infected larval zebrafish with four different viruses and analyzed whole-fish expression profiles from five groups of fish, including controls, at 10 h after infection. At this early stage of virus infection, 60.28% of the differentially expressed genes displayed the same expression pattern across all viruses, with the majority of immune-related genes downregulated and genes associated with protein synthesis and sterol synthesis upregulated. Furthermore, these protein synthesis- and sterol synthesis-related genes were strongly positively correlated in the expression pattern of the rare key upregulated immune genes, IRF3 and IRF7, which were not positively correlated with any known pattern recognition receptor gene. We hypothesize that viral infection triggered a large amount of protein synthesis that stressed the endoplasmic reticulum and the organism responded to this stress by suppressing the body’s immune system while also mediating an increase in steroids. The increase in sterols then participates the activation of IRF3 and IRF7 and triggers the fish’s innate immunological response to the virus infection.

Published
2023
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166. Load Balancing Access Point Association Schemes for IEEE 802.11 Wireless Networks

Author

Le, Yuan, Ma, Liran, Yu, Hongjun, Cheng, Xiuzhen, Cui, Yong, Al-Rodhaan, Mznah A., Al-Dhelaan, Abdullah, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Cheng, Yu, editor, Eun, Do Young, editor, Qin, Zhiguang, editor, Song, Min, editor, and Xing, Kai, editor

Published
2011
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183. Low‐profile and broadband microstrip antenna with pattern diversity.

Author

Liang, Le‐Yuan and Tu, Zhi‐Hong

Subjects
*MICROSTRIP antennas, *ANTENNA radiation patterns, *BROADBAND antennas, *ANTENNAS (Electronics)
Abstract

This paper presents a low‐profile and broadband pattern diversity microstrip antenna with quasiperiodic radiating patches fed by two slots. The thickness of the whole design is only 0.044λ0 (λ0 is the free‐space wavelength of the center frequency), showing great potential in applications. The broadband property is realized by efficiently exciting TM10 mode and antiphase TM20 mode and forming two resonant frequencies in the target band. The antenna can generate a broadside or difference pattern by switching the input port of the broadband 180° hybrid coupling feed network. The measured results show that the coincident impedance bandwidth of the antenna working in the two pattern modes is 20.5% (3.20–3.93 GHz), and the maximum gain values are 6.85 dBi for the directional pattern and 5.80 dBi for the difference pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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184. A Lightweight Neural Network Model of Feature Pyramid and Attention Mechanism for Traffic Object Detection

Author

Gao, Le-yuan, Qu, Zhong, Wang, Shi-yan, and Xia, Shu-fang

Abstract

The application of object detection technology has been used in people's daily lives widely, and it can be used accurately in traffic scenes is also crucial. Based on the YOLOX object detection model, a lightweight neural network for traffic object detection is proposed. First, we propose S-PANet (Simple Path Aggregation Network) structure based on the YOLOX_S baseline model. The purpose of the S-PANet structure is to reduce the parameters number of models and the amount of floating-point computation in training. Second, we propose to add CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) to the network based on the S-PANet. Adding CBAM attention mechanism can improve the detection accuracy of models, but has less computation added. It is a compensation of the simplification on feature pyramid. Final, we carry out the lightweight experiments on three kinds of models, including S, Tiny, and Nano. The proposed methods are verified on KITTI and PASCAL VOC datasets. Our S model can achieve 92.9% mAP@0.5 and 21.33 FPS on KITTI dataset. The Tiny and Nano models can achieve 84.3%, 79.4% mAP@0.5 and 33.07, 41.67 FPS respectively. Compared with the baseline models, the detection accuracies mAP@0.5 have less difference and the parameters number of the models are reduced.

Published
2024
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185. Multi-Spatial Pyramid Feature and Optimizing Focal Loss Function for Object Detection

Author

Wang, Sheng-ye, Qu, Zhong, and Gao, Le-yuan

Abstract

Previous deep convolutional neural network research has made significant progress toward improving the speed and accuracy of object detection. However, despite these advancements, the inaccurate detection of multi-object (small objects) remains challenging in the traffic environments. In this article, we propose a new architecture called YOLOM, which is specifically designed to achieve enhanced multi-object (small objects) detection precision. YOLOM incorporates several innovative features: a multi-spatial pyramid (MSP), an optimized focal loss (OFLoss) function, and an objectness loss that incorporates effective intersection over union (EIoU) calculations. These features collectively yield enhanced accuracy and reduce the miss rate of small objects, particularly in the multi-object cases. According to the sizes of receptive field features with different spatial scales with pooling layers, we propose the MSP module. We optimize the focal loss as a classification function instead of the cross-entropy loss, which solves some class imbalance problems caused by anchor-free detection when encountering disparate datasets. Due to the superior performance of EIoU in confidence scoring, we use EIoU to participate in the objectness loss calculation of our work. Therefore, our method substitutes EIoU for YOLOX's objectness loss. The experimental results demonstrate that our strategies significantly outperform some end-to-end object detection methods.

Published
2024
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186. The mechanism of intestinal microbiota regulating immunity and inflammation in ischemic stroke and the role of natural botanical active ingredients in regulating intestinal microbiota: A review

Author

Jinsong Zeng, Kailin Yang, Huifang Nie, Le Yuan, Shanshan Wang, Liuting Zeng, Anqi Ge, and Jinwen Ge

Subjects
Pharmacology, Inflammation, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, General Medicine, Ecosystem, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Ischemic Stroke
Abstract

Intestinal microbiota is a unique ecosystem, known as the "second genome" of human beings. With the widespread application of next generation sequencing (NGS), especially 16 S rRNA and shotgun sequencing, numerous studies have shown that dysregulation of intestinal microbiota is associated with many central nervous system diseases. Ischemic stroke (IS) is a cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality. Brain damage in IS affects intestinal function, and intestinal dysfunction further aggravates brain damage, forming a vicious circle of mutual interference in pathology. The microbiota-gut-brain axis study based on the intestinal microbiota has opened up broader ideas for exploring its pathogenesis and risk factors, and also provided more possibilities for the selection of therapeutic targets for this type of drug. This review discussed the application of NGS technology in the study of intestinal microbiota and the research progress of microbiota-gut-brain axis in recent years, and systematically sorts out the literature on the relationship between ischemic stroke and intestinal microbiota. It starts with the characteristics of microbiota-gut-brain axis' bidirectional regulation, respectively discusses the high risk factors of IS under intestinal microbiota imbalance and the physiological and pathological changes of intestinal microbiota after IS, and summarizes the related targets, in order to provide reliable reference for the treatment of IS from intestinal microbiota. In addition, natural botanical active ingredients have achieved good results in the treatment of IS based on regulating the homeostasis of gut microbiota, providing new evidence for studying the potential targets and therapies of IS based on the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Published
2022

188. PbmBi2S3+m Homologous Series with Low Thermal Conductivity Prepared by the Solution-Based Method as Promising Thermoelectric Materials

Author

Wei Sun, Bo Yu, Le Yuan, Qinyong Zhang, Fanggong Cai, Xiaobo Lei, Chao Wang, Jun Chen, and Dong Rong

Subjects
Homologous series, chemistry.chemical_compound, Thermal conductivity, Materials science, chemistry, Chemical engineering, General Chemical Engineering, Materials Chemistry, General Chemistry, Thermoelectric materials
Published
2021
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189. Fluororubber superhydrophobic coating: preparation, characterisation, and EMI shielding performance

Author

Ajit Dattatray Phule, Zhen Xiu Zhang, Wen Yan Zhou, Jianzhang Guo, Le Yuan Ma, and Ti Kun Shan

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, technology, industry, and agriculture, 02 engineering and technology, Surfaces and Interfaces, engineering.material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Superhydrophobic coating, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, chemistry.chemical_compound, Coating, chemistry, parasitic diseases, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, engineering, Surface structure, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Polyurethane
Abstract

Herein, we report the preparation and characterisation of fluororubber coated superhydrophobic Poly (ethylene tetrapthalate) (PET) fabric and polyurethane (PU) sponge. The coating surface structure...

Published
2021
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