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Highlights: [•] Highly effective photocatalyst TiO2-diatomite has been synthesized. [•] Diatomite with different surface character was obtained by calcination and phosphoric acid treatment. [•] The micro-structure of diatomite was introduced after different approaches treated. [•] TiO2 immobilized on different surface character diatomite were as catalysts for methyl orange photodegradation. [•] The phosphoric acid treated diatomite can effectively promote the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 under both ultraviolet and visible light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Phosphorus-doped TiO2 calcined under different atmosphere were as catalysts for methyl orange photodegradation. [•] P-doped TiO2 calcined under carbothermic atmosphere (R-TiO2) can decrease the concentration of surface O and improve the effect of P species in TiO2 to some extent. [•] The outstanding photocatalytic activity of P-doped TiO2 is ascribed to the generation of Ti3+ defect sites at the surface or interface of TiO2 caused by P doping. [•] The activity of recycled P-doped TiO2 was found to retain even after third photodegradation experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • MoN@CMK-5 with a bimodal pore was employed as polar host for sulfur cathode. • MoN@CMK-5/S shows an excellent inhibition effect for LiPSs. • The electrochemical reaction kinetics is effectively enhanced. • MoN@CMK-5/S delivers superior durability and a high charge capacity. Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have attracted considerable research attention because of their high theoretical capacity and energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness. However, the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides hinders the commercialization of LSBs. Effectively improving the electrochemical reaction kinetics of the sulfur cathode still represents a significant challenge. Here, a MoN@CMK-5 composite with a bimodal pore system was designed to electrocatalytically mediate Li/S conversion chemistry. MoN@CMK-5 presents a large specific surface area (1012 m2 g−1) and two sets of tunnels with pore sizes of 3.63 and 3.47 nm, which efficiently adsorb polysulfides and accelerate the mass transfer of electrolytes. Furthermore, MoN has high intrinsic catalytic activity and enables the rapid conversion of polysulfides. Owing to the synergistic "adsorption-conversion-mass transfer" effect, the electrochemical reaction kinetics are effectively enhanced. Consequently, the MoN@CMK-5/S electrode achieves excellent performance with an initial capacity of 1582 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and retains a reversible capacity of 658.4 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1C. The cathode delivers a specific capacity of 475.8 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 5C, with a capacity decay as low as 0.027% per cycle during 1000 cycles. In addition, theoretical calculations reveal that MoN@CMK-5/S exhibits low activation energy for Li 2 S decomposition and effectively inhibits the shuttling of polysulfides. This work provides a new avenue for the development of high-performance LSBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A simple chemical method was employed to form Fe2+ doped polypyrrole (PPY) by the introduction of hydrated ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H2O) during the polymerization of pyrrole, where FeCl3·6H2O played a role of oxidant for the polymerization and the in situ forming reduced product (FeCl2·2H2O) was well doped in PPY. The resultant Fe2+ doped PPY species were characterized by using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field emission scanning electronic microscope (FE-SEM). Humidity-sensitive properties of the samples were also examined. The Fe2+ doped PPY exhibited a fast response to humidity change (about 20s), in which great changes of more than three orders (nearly four) of magnitude in impedance was observed when relative humidity was varied over the whole range. The improved properties may be related to the presence of the hydrophilic Fe2+, and a possible mechanism was also provided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

MoP, which possesses good conductivity and electrochemical activity, presents outstanding electrochemical performance when serving as an anode material for LIBs, yet it still suffers from rapid capacity attenuation because of its large volume change and inferior diffusion kinetics. Here, we employed a facile and scalable molten salt method to fabricate in situ sheet-like porous P-doped carbon-supported MoP nanoparticles (MoP@PC). The porous structure exhibits a high specific active surface area, which exposes more active sites and facilitates effective contact between the electrolyte and molybdenum phosphide, thereby limiting irreversible volume changes after electrochemical reactions and prolonging the battery cycle life. Compared with previous methods, this synthetic route avoids the use of toxic phosphorus sources and acids, which is green and environmentally friendly, and the reaction conditions can be adjusted, which is easy to be promoted. Thus, the MoP@PC cathode could achieve a capacity of 306 mA h g -1 at a high current density of 10 A g -1 and could run for 3500 cycles with a reduced decay rate. This work demonstrates a successful method for designing anode materials for LIBs.

Currently, no specific treatment exists to alleviate metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver (MAFLD). Previously, Poria cocos (PC) effectively relieved MAFLD, but its bioactive components are still unknown. The bioactive substances in PC that regulate mitochondria function to alleviate MAFLD were thus determined. The L02 hepatocyte model induced by fat emulsion and the MAFLD rat model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) were developed to explore the efficacy of PC against MAFLD. The activity of PC-derived components in the liver mitochondria of HFD-fed rats was evaluated using the L02 hepatocyte model. Additionally, the PC-derived components from the liver mitochondria were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Finally, the anti -steatosis ability of PC-derived monomers and monomers groups was evaluated using the adipocyte model. PC maintained the mitochondrial ultrastructure, alleviated mitochondrial oxidative stress, and regulated the energy metabolism and the fatty acid β oxidation to relieve lipid emulsion-induced cellular steatosis and HFD-induced MAFLD. PC-derived components entering the liver mitochondria inhibited oxidative stress injury and improved the energy metabolism to fight cellular steatosis. Additionally, 15 chemicals were identified in the PC-treated rat liver mitochondria. These identified chemical molecules and molecule groups in the mitochondria prevented cellular steatosis by regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress and energy metabolism. PC restores mitochondrial structure and function, alleviating MAFLD, which is related to oxidative stress, energy metabolism, and fatty acid β oxidation. The identified 15 components may be the main effective PC components regulating mitochondria function to alleviate MAFLD. Thus, PC may be a promising mitochondrial regulator to prevent MAFLD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Objectives There is evidence to suggest that only 2-4 weeks of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can already alleviate emotional stress. The current studies sought to examine whether experiential avoidance mediated the effects of MBIs on emotional distress during an early stage of the intervention. Methods: Chinese participants with high emotional distress were recruited. Study 1 included 324 participants, randomly assigned to an online MBI ( N  = 171) or a control group ( N  = 153). Experiential avoidance and general emotional distress were measured at baseline and after the 3rd week of the intervention. Study 2 included 158 participants, randomly assigned to an online MBI ( N  = 79) or a control group ( N  = 79). Experiential avoidance and emotional distress were measured at baseline and weekly in the first three weeks. Results: Compared to the control group, experiential avoidance and emotional distress were significantly improved in the MBI group during the first three weeks of the intervention (Cohen's d  = 0.22-0.63). Moreover, changes in experiential avoidance mediated the effects of MBI on emotional distress in the early stage in both contemporary and lagged mediation models. Discussion: Experiential avoidance is an important mediator during the early-stage of MBIs for alleviating emotional distress.

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an important lipid signaling required for plant growth regulation and salt stress adaptation. However, how PS positively regulate plant salt tolerance is still largely unknown. In this study, IbPSS1-overexpressed sweetpotato plants that exhibited overproduction of PS was employed to explore the mechanisms underlying the PS stimulation of plant salt tolerance. The results revealed that the IbPSS1-overexpressed sweetpotato accumulated less Na + in the stem and leaf tissues compared with the wild type plants. Proteomic profile of roots showed that lignin synthesis-related proteins over-accumulated in IbPSS1-overexpressed sweetpotato. Correspondingly, the lignin content was enhanced but the influx of Na  +  into the stele was significantly blocked in IbPSS1-overexpressed sweetpotato. The results further revealed that ethylene synthesis and signaling related genes were upregulated in IbPSS1-overexpressed sweetpotato. Ethylene imaging experiment revealed the enhancement of ethylene mainly localized in the root stele. Inhibition of ethylene synthesis completely reversed the PS-overproduction induced lignin synthesis and Na + influx pattern in stele tissues. Taken together, our findings demonstrate a mechanism by which PS regulates ethylene signaling and lignin synthesis in the root stele, thus helping sweetpotato plants to block the loading of Na + into the xylem and to minimize the accumulation of Na + in the shoots., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

The prosperity of the lithium-ion battery market is inevitably accompanied by the depletion of corresponding resources and the accumulation of spent batteries in a dialectical manner. Spent lithium-ion batteries are harboring the characteristics of hazardous waste and high-value resources, so efficient recycling is of great significance. The cathode material is considered as an interesting target for repurposing. Despite some important reviews give commendable emphasis to recycling technologies, there is still a dearth of exploration of recycling mechanisms. This deficiency of awareness highlights the need for further research and development in this area. This review aims to systematically review and thoroughly discuss the reduction reaction mechanism of each method regarding different cathode materials. And systematically digest the selection of reducing agent and the effect of reduction reaction on material regeneration are systematically digested, as well as the impact of the reduction reaction on the regeneration of materials. This review emphasizes the importance of balancing efficiency, economic and environmental benefits in reuse technologies. Finally, the review proposes an outlook on the opportunities and challenges facing the reuse of key materials for next-generation spent batteries aimed at promoting the green and sustainable development of lithium-ion batteries, circular economy and ecological balance., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Objective: Body size is associated with the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the evidence for this association is inconclusive. In this study, we aimed to investigate the causal relationship between body size and SLE., Method: We performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis that utilized summary statistics sourced from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data obtained from the IEU Open GWAS project website. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used to evaluate the causality, and four additional MR methods were used to supplement the IVW results. Sensitivity analyses were performed using the Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger regression, leave-one-out analysis, and the Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) global test., Results: In the forward direction analysis, the IVW model demonstrated that birth weight (odds ratio (OR), 1.811; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.174-2.793; p < 0.05) and adult height (OR, 1.225; 95% CI, 1.046-1.434; p < 0.05) were positively associated with SLE. Four additional MR scans were performed parallel to the IVW results. Conversely, SLE was a weak causal factor for increased height (OR, 1.010; 95% CI, 1.002-1.018; p < 0.05) using the IVW method. Heterogeneity, MR-Egger intercept, and leave-one-out analyses indicated that the results were robust. The MR-PRESSO suggested the presence of pleiotropy. Following the exclusion of instrumental variables (IVs) inducing pleiotropy, subsequent MR analysis yielded consistent results, thereby reinforcing the robustness of our findings., Conclusion: Positive causal associations were observed between birth weight, adult height, and SLE incidence. In the reverse analysis, SLE was a weak causal factor for adult height., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Peng, Wang, Li and Dong.)

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether distress tolerance mediated the effects of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on anxiety and depression with two randomized controlled studies., Method: In Study 1, 374 participants with at least moderate emotional distress were randomized to an intervention group ( N  = 174) and a waitlist control group ( N  = 173). Mindfulness, distress tolerance, anxiety, and depression were measured at the pre-test, week 3, week 5, and post-test. In Study 2, 170 participants with emotional disorders were randomized to an intervention group ( N  = 86) and a control group ( N  = 84). The same variables were assessed at pre-test, weekly during the intervention, and post-test., Results: In both studies, linear mixed effect models showed that compared to the control group, mindfulness, distress tolerance, anxiety, and depression significantly improved in the intervention group. Parallel process latent growth curve models showed that changes in distress tolerance mediated the effects of the MBI on changes in anxiety and depression. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models found that distress tolerance temporally preceded depression, but not anxiety., Conclusions: Distress tolerance is a potential mechanism underlying MBIs. Interventions targeting distress tolerance could be embedded in MBIs to enhance the intervention effects for emotional distress., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dr. Hofmann receives financial support by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (as part of the Alexander von Humboldt Professur), the Hessische Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst (as part of the LOEWE Spitzenprofessur), NIH/NIMH R01MH128377, NIH/NIMHU01MH108168, Broderick Foundation/MIT, and the James S. McDonnell Foundation 21st Century Science Initiative in Understanding Human Cognition – Special Initiative. He receives compensation for his work as editor from SpringerNature. He also receives royalties and payments for his work from various publishers. Other authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Efficient catalysts are needed to accelerate the conversion and suppress the shuttling of polysulfides (LiPSs) to promote the further development of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Intermetallic niobium boride (NbB 2 ) has indefinite potential due to superior catalytic activity. Nonetheless, the lack of a rational understanding of catalysis creates a challenge for the design of catalysts. Herein, a NbB 2 /reduced graphene oxide-modified PP separator (NbB 2 /rGO/PP) is rationally designed. Essential, an in-depth insight into the catalysis mechanism of NbB 2 toward LiPSs is established based on experiments and multiperspective measurement characterization, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD), and density functional theory (DFT). It has been uncovered that the actual catalyst that interacts with LiPSs in NbB 2 is the passivated surface with an oxide layer (O 2 -NbB 2 ), which occurs through B-O-Li and Nb-O-Li bonds, rather than the clean NbB 2 surface. And the decomposition barrier of Li 2 S is greatly reduced by a substantial margin, dropping from 3.390 to 0.93 and 0.85 eV on the Nb-O and B-O surfaces, respectively, with fast Li + diffusivity. Consequently, the cell with NbB 2 /rGO/PP as a functional separator achieves a high discharge capacity of 873 mAh g -1 at 1C after 100 cycles. Moreover, the benefits of NbB 2 /rGO/PP can be effectively maintained even at a high sulfur loading of 7.06 mg cm -2 without significant reduction and with a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio of 8 μL mg -1 . This study enhances our understanding of the catalytic mechanism of Li-S systems and presents a promising approach for developing electrocatalysts that are resilient to poisoning.s . This study enhances our understanding of the catalytic mechanism of Li-S systems and presents a promising approach for developing electrocatalysts that are resilient to poisoning.

Background: Both trait and state mindfulness are associated with less depression and anxiety, but the mechanisms remain unknown. Distress tolerance, an important transdiagnostic factor of emotional disorders, may mediate the relationship between mindfulness and depression/anxiety., Method: Study 1 examined the mediation model at the between-person level in a large cross-sectional sample ( n  = 905). In Study 2, a daily diary study ( n  = 110) was conducted to examine within-person changes. Participants were invited to complete daily diaries measuring daily mindfulness, distress tolerance, depression and anxiety for 14 consecutive days., Results: In Study 1, results of simple mediation analyses indicated that distress tolerance mediated the relationship between mindfulness and depression/anxiety at the between-person level. In Study 2, results of multilevel mediation analyses indicated that, in both the concurrent model and time-lagged model, daily distress tolerance mediated the effects of daily mindfulness on daily depression/anxiety at both the within- and between-person level., Conclusions: Distress tolerance is a mechanism underlying the relationship between mindfulness and depression/anxiety. Individuals with high or fluctuating depression and anxiety may benefit from short-term or long-term mindfulness training to increase distress tolerance., Competing Interests: Dr. Hofmann receives financial support by the 10.13039/100003579Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (as part of the Alexander von Humboldt Professur), the 10.13039/501100003495Hessische Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst (as part of the LOEWE Spitzenprofessur), NIH/NIMH R01MH128377, NIH/NIMHU01MH108168, Broderick Foundation/MIT, and the James S. McDonnell Foundation 21st Century Science Initiative in Understanding Human Cognition – Special Initiative. He receives compensation for his work as editor from SpringerNature. He also receives royalties and payments for his work from various publishers. Other authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Introduction: Objective: this study aimed to evaluate whether low-salt low-protein diet (LPD) supplemented with 10 g of inulin could lower serum toxin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), thereby providing evidence for adjusting dietary prescriptions of inhospital patients and outpatient nutrition consultants. Methods: we randomized 54 patients with CKD into two groups. Dietary protein intake compliance was evaluated using a 3-day dietary diary and 24-h urine nitrogen levels. The primary outcomes were indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), and secondary outcomes included inflammation marker levels, nutritional status, and renal function. We assessed 89 patients for eligibility, and a total of 45 patients completed the study, including 23 and 22 in the inulin-added and control groups, respectively. Results: PCS values decreased in both groups after intervention: inulin-added group, ∆PCS -1.33 (-4.88, -0.63) μg/mL vs. LPD group, -4.7 (-3.78, 3.69) μg/mL (p = 0.058). PCS values reduced from 7.52 to 4.02 μg/mL (p < 0.001) in the inulin-added group (p < 0.001). Moreover, IS decreased from 3.42 (2.53, 6.01) μg/mL to 2.83 (1.67, 4.74) μg/mL after adding inulin; ∆IS was -0.64 (-1.48, 0.00) μg/mL, and a significant difference was observed compared with the control group (p = 0.004). The inflammation index decreased after intervention. Conclusion: dietary fiber supplementation may reduce serum IS and PCS levels and modulate their inflammatory status in predialysis CKD patients.

How to green synthesize and construct MoP anode electrode materials with advanced structures for sodium-ion batteries still faces great challenges. Herein, a TiO 2 -coated MoP/phosphorus doped carbon (MoP@TiO 2 /P-C) nanorod with a new structure is constructed using TiO 2 -coated Mo-MOF as the precursor through an in situ topological conversion technique. In the synthesis process, the traditional highly toxic PH 3 phosphorus is avoided. TEM results reveal that TiO 2 nanoparticles are distributed at the interface between the MoP core and the P-doped carbon shell, which breaks the density of the carbon layer and facilitates ion transport. The GITT results demonstrate the fact that the diffusion coefficient of sodium ions is remarkably improved by two orders of magnitude due to the presence of TiO 2 . Notably, TiO 2 can effectively cushion volume expansion with an almost negligible rate of 13%, allowing cells to manifest a high discharge capacity of 419 mA h g -1 at 0.5 A g -1 current density and exceptional stability where the specific capacity remains constant for 10 000 cycles at a high density of 10 A g -1 (∼81 seconds for one charging). The results indicate that MoP@TiO 2 /P-C possesses promising capabilities as an anode substance for SIBs. This also establishes a foundation for future investigations and practical use of this material in the field.

In China, iron (Fe) availability is low in most soils but cadmium (Cd) generally exceeds regulatory soil pollution limits. Thus, biofortification of Fe along with mitigation of Cd in edible plant parts is important for human nutrition and health. Carbon dots (CDs) are considered as potential nanomaterials for agricultural applications. Here, Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived CDs are an efficient modulator of Fe, manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and Cd accumulation in plants. CDs irrigation (1 mg mL -1 , performed every week starting at the jointing stage for 12 weeks) increased Fe content by 18% but mitigated Cd accumulation by 20% in wheat grains. This finding was associated with the Fe 3+ -mobilizing properties of CDs from the soil and root cell wall, as well as endocytosis-dependent internalization in roots. The resulting excess Fe signaling mitigated Cd uptake via inhibiting TaNRAMP5 expression. Foliar spraying of CDs enhanced Fe (44%), Mn (30%), and Zn (19%) content with an unchanged Cd accumulation in wheat grains. This result is attributed to CDs-enhanced light signaling, which triggered shoot-to-root Fe deficiency response. This study not only reveals the molecular mechanism underlying CDs modulation of Fe signaling in plants but also provides useful strategies for concurrent Fe biofortification and Cd mitigation in plant-based foods., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

A third of the world's population suffers from unexplained fatigue, hugely impacting work learning, efficiency, and health. The fatigue development may be a concomitant state of a disease or the side effect of a drug, or muscle fatigue induced by intense exercise. However, there are no authoritative guides or clinical medication recommendations for various fatigue classifications. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are used as dietary supplements or healthcare products with specific anti-fatigue effects. Thus, TCM may be a potential treatment for fatigue. In this review, we outline the pathogenesis of fatigue, awareness of fatigue in Chinese and western medicine, pharmacodynamics mechanism, and substances. Additionally, we offer a comprehensive summary of fatigue and forecast the potential effect of novel herbal-based medicines against fatigue., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Author(s).)

Cancer is one of the most dangerous diseases in the world, killing millions of people every year. Drugs composed of anticancer peptides have been used to treat cancer with low side effects in recent years. Therefore, identifying anticancer peptides has become a focus of research. In this study, an improved anticancer peptide predictor named ACP-GBDT, based on gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) and sequence information, is proposed. To encode the peptide sequences included in the anticancer peptide dataset, ACP-GBDT uses a merged-feature composed of AAIndex and SVMProt-188D. A GBDT is adopted to train the prediction model in ACP-GBDT. Independent testing and ten-fold cross-validation show that ACP-GBDT can effectively distinguish anticancer peptides from non-anticancer ones. The comparison results of the benchmark dataset show that ACP-GBDT is simpler and more effective than other existing anticancer peptide prediction methods., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Li, Ma, Chen and Chen.)

Objectives: This study aimed to clarify the effectiveness and safety of two different infusion durations of cyclophosphamide (CTX) plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM)., Methods: One hundred and fifty-six consecutive NDMM patients receiving CTX plus G-CSF mobilization and autologous stem cell transplantation during the period of September 2008 to May 2020 were selected for retrospective analysis. According to differences in prolonged infusion time of CTX, they were divided into a 24-h group (24-h continuous infusion) and a control group (4-6 h of infusion). Mobilization and safety of infusion were analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to detect the peripheral blood CD34+ cell count. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing the number of CD34+ cells., Results: The mean CD34+ cell counts collected in 24-h and control groups were 6.78 (interquartile range [IQR] 3.59-11.69) and 4.48 (IQR 2.39-6.30) ×10 6 /kg, respectively ( p  < 0.001). Meanwhile, the target number of CD34+ cells/kg (defined as ≥4 × 10 6 /kg) was collected from 51 (75%) of cases in 24-h group vs. 45 (51%) in the control group ( p  = 0.002). Multivariate analysis identified the independence of CTX infusion time as a factor influencing the target number of CD34+ cells/kg [odds ratio OR, 4.045; 95% CI: 1.630-10.038, p  = 0.003]. The post-transplantation time to neutrophil engraftment was 10 (IQR 9-11) in 24-h group and 11 (IQR 10-12) in control group ( p  < 0.001). Finally, no statistical differences were identified between groups in terms of hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities., Conclusions: For patients with NDMM, 24-h continuous infusion of CTX plus G-CSF contributes to improved mobilization efficiency and equivalent toxicity as a stem cell mobilization regimen.

Background: To develop a questionnaire to evaluate the willingness of Chinese health care workers to implement an advance care planning (ACP) program for patients in a Chinese cultural context., Methods: Guided by the framework of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), a literature analysis and semi-structured interviews were conducted to create a pool of questionnaire items, and then the initial assessment questionnaire was developed by two rounds of expert consultations. A random sampling method was used to pre-survey 204 health care workers in community health service centers (CHSCs) in three urban areas of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The final questionnaire was derived from item analysis and exploratory factor analysis., Results: Based on exploratory factor analysis, five common factors were identified from the questionnaire on community health care workers'(CHWs) willingness to implement ACP. In general, the content validity of the questionnaire was 0.91, and the content validity of each of the entries ranged from 0.80 to 1.00, indicating acceptable overall questionnaire content validity. The total Cronbach coefficient for the questionnaire was 0.966, the Cronbach coefficient for each dimension ranged from 0.865 to 0.954, and the retest reliability was 0.856. The questionnaire produced a final draft containing five dimensions (behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, direct control, indirect control, and behavioral intentions) and 30 items., Conclusion: The questionnaire on the willingness of CHWs to implement ACP was validated and found to be reliable., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Self-assembly of nanomaterials, directed by molecular or supramolecular interactions, is a powerful strategy to build nanoscale devices. Despite many advantages of such solution-based processes, a big challenge is to realize interparticle ohmic contacts toward facilitated charge transport over a long distance. We report a new concept of primed nanowelding to thread solution-borne nanoparticles in prescribed assemblies. The process starts with a gap-specific deposition of Ag 2 E (E=S, Se) materials in pre-assembled gold structures, which spontaneously transform into AgAuE semiconductors via directional gold diffusion. Treatment with tributylphosphine generates alloyed Au/Ag welding spots that conductively wire-up nanoparticles into discrete "molecules" and micron-long "polymers". This method is compatible with DNA programming and delivers a possible way to solve the problem of the carrier-transport dilemma in solution-processed nanostructures for better-functioning nanodevices., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Background: Professional identity reduces the risk of job burnout in nurses, and attitudes towards death might be a factor affecting nurses' professional identity. Little research has been conducted to directly investigate the relationship between professional identity and death attitudes in nursing students. In addition, there are cultural differences in the formation of death attitudes. It is necessary to explore attitudes towards death in Chinese nursing students and investigate the relationship between death attitudes and professional identity., Objectives: To investigate the relationship between professional identity and death attitudes in nursing students in mainland China., Design: A cross-sectional study., Participants: A total of 2119 nursing students from mainland China were included in this survey., Methods: The survey was conducted online. The questionnaire included the Chinese version of the Professional Identification Scale and the Chinese version of the Death Attitude Profile - Revised to measure the nursing students' professional identity and attitudes towards death. The survey also collected the participants' age, gender, institution type, place of residence and self-assessed health state., Results: The professional identity of the nursing students (average scores: 33.68 ± 5.12) from mainland China was above an intermediate level, and their attitudes towards death were positive overall (escape acceptance: 3.37 ± 0.96, approach acceptance: 3.36 ± 0.79, fear of death: 2.88 ± 0.77, death avoidance: 2.74 ± 0.84, neutral acceptance: 2.29 ± 0.77). Among the nursing students, professional identity was correlated with attitudes towards death. Specifically, professional identity was positively correlated with approach acceptance (p < 0.001), escape acceptance (p < 0.001) and neutral acceptance (p < 0.001) but negatively correlated with fear of death (p < 0.001) and death avoidance (p < 0.001). The nursing students with relatively low professional identity showed stronger death anxiety than those with relatively high professional identity (p < 0.001)., Conclusion: The outcome of this study suggests that education on life and death and internship experience in palliative care contribute to the development of a high level of professional identity in nursing work., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

An "off-on" assay system for H 2 O 2 determination was developed based on assembling ultra-bright fluorescent silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) and PEG-MnO 2 nanosheets. Among them, SiQDs acted as fluorometric reporter, which can effectively eliminate the interference of plant pigments under excitation of 365 nm. PEG-MnO 2 nanosheets played dual function of nanoquencher and H 2 O 2 recognizer. Unlike previous reports, the quenching mechanism of SiQDs by PEG-MnO 2 nanosheets is attributed to both the associative effect of inner filter effect and the static quenching effect. Thus, the fluorescence intensity of SiQDs at 445 nm decreased with increasing concentration of PEG-MnO 2 nanosheets. After addition of H 2 O 2 , PEG-MnO 2 nanosheets were reduced to Mn 2+ , consequently resulting in the recovery of the SiQDs fluorescence. Combined with these properties, an off-on fluorescent method was built for determination of H 2 O 2 in plant leaves with high sensitivity and selectivity. The present method has two linear ranges: from 0.05 to 1 μM with a detection limit of 0.09 μM and from 1 to 80 μM with a detection limit of 4.04 μM. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of the mechanism of SiQD/PEG-MnO 2 nanoprobe for determination of H 2 O 2 .