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The mechanism of the spin-forbidden reaction Ti+(4F, 3d24s1) + C2H4→TiC2H2 + (2A2) + H2 on both doublet and quartet potential energy surfaces has been investigated at the B3LYP level of theory. Crossing points between the potential energy surfaces and the possible spin inversion process are discussed by means of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) calculations. The strength of the SOC between the low-lying quartet state and the doublet state is 59.3 cm−1 in the intermediate complex IM1-4B2. Thus, the changes of its spin multiplicity may occur from the quartet to the doublet surface to form IM1-2A1, leading to a sig-nificant decrease in the barrier height on the quartet PES. After the insertion intermediate IM2, two distinct reaction paths on the doublet PES have been found, i.e., a stepwise path and a concerted path. The latter is found to be the lowest energy path on the doublet PES to exothermic TiC2H2 +(2A2) + H2 products, with the active barrier of 4.52 kcal/mol. In other words, this reaction proceeds in the following way: Ti++C2H4→4IC→IM1-4B2→4,2ISC→IM1-2A1→[2TSins]→IM2→[2TSMCTS]→IM5→TiC2H2 +(2A2)+H2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the high density polyethylene (HDPE) chelate membranes that were prepared by preirradiation grafting for the adsorption of heavy metal ions. The researchers immersed the HDPE-graft (g)-glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) membrane in 33 percent dimethylamine solution at 40 degrees Celsius, after which was removed and washed with deionized water to remove the excess reagents. They found that the grafting yield improves with the increasing dose of irradiation.

In this study, 3 at.% Yb3+: CaxSr1−xF2 nanopowders were synthesized via the chemical co-precipitation method. Highly transparent 3 at.% Yb3+: CaxSr1−xF2 ceramics with various CaF2 concentrations were fabricated by hot-pressed sintering. The 3 at.% Yb3+: CaxSr1−xF2 nanopowders exhibited a spherical shape with slight agglomeration, and their particle size ranged from 26 nm to 36 nm. With an increase of the CaF2 concentration, the peak shape changed significantly and the width of the emission band increased inhomogeneously. The minimal fluorescence lifetime at the wavelength of 1011 nm of 3 at.% Yb3+: CaxSr1−xF2 transparent ceramics with various CaF2 concentrations was higher than 3.25 ms, which was longer than that of the 3 at.% Yb3+: CaF2 (2.6 ms) and the 3 at.% Yb3+: SrF2 (3.22 ms) reported in previous literature. The results indicate that incorporating Ca2+ ions into the SrF2 is an effective method to modulate the optical properties of transparent ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

0.5–5 % (atom percent) Nd3+-doped SrF 2 transparent ceramics were fabricated by hot-pressed sintering and the effects of Nd3+ doping content on microstructure and spectral properties were studied. With Nd3+ content increased from 0.5 % to 5 %, in-line transmittance of Nd:SrF 2 ceramic at 1060 nm increased from 15.8 % to 85.3 %. FE-SEM micrographs showed the grain growth was inhibited and the microstructure became more compact and homogenous. Emission spectra revealed that concentration quenching was occurred at Nd3+ content of 1–2 %. Emission lifetime of 4F 3/2 energy level monotonously decreased from 1805.4 μs to 19.6 μs. Evolution profiles of emission intensity and lifetime of Nd:SrF 2 transparent ceramic with Nd3+ doping content were proposed. The appropriate Nd3+ content for spectral properties of Nd:SrF 2 transparent ceramic was found around 1 %. The results demonstrated Nd:SrF 2 transparent ceramic has large emission lifetime and mild concentration quenching effect, indicating that Nd3+-doped SrF 2 transparent ceramics could be more promising gain media for all-solid-state lasers than other Nd3+-doped alkaline-earth fluorides. • Optical quality and microstructure of Nd:SrF 2 transparent ceramic varied largely with Nd3+ content. • Concentration quenching occurred at Nd3+ content of 1–2 %. • Lifetime was more than 1 ms when Nd3+ content was below 1 %, it reached 1805.4 μs at 0.5 % Nd3+ doping. • Evolution profiles of emission intensity and lifetime against Nd3+ content was proposed. • In respect to spectral properties the optimal Nd3+ content was around 1 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3 at.% Er3+, x at.% Ho3+: SrF 2 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2) transparent ceramics, as the potential material for the 2.7 μm solid-state laser, were fabricated by hot-pressed sintering. XRD, TEM, SEM, and EDS measurements were used to investigate the phase composition, morphology, microstructure, and distribution of the elements of the nanoparticles and transparent ceramics. Results showed that the Er3+ ions and Ho3+ ions do not alter the SrF 2 crystal structure, and they are distributed uniformly in the sample. With the increase of the Ho3+ doping concentration, the lattice parameter decreased from 5.799 Å to 5.784 Å, and the average grain size decreased gradually. The maximum transmittance of as-obtained ceramics is approximately 93 % which is close to the theoretical transmittance of SrF 2. Moreover, the absorption spectra, emission spectra, and the lifetime of Er3+ and Ho3+ were investigated. The energy transfer processes between Er3+ and Ho3+ were discussed. After co-doping Ho3+, the lifetime difference between Er3+:4I 11/2 and Er3+:4I 13/2 levels was shortened from 8.50 ms to 1.12 ms. All the results show that the incorporation of Ho3+ with proper doping concentration is beneficial for achieving 2.7 μm laser output in Er3+: SrF 2 transparent ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been one of the most fatal diseases among all types of heart diseases due to its rapid onset and high rates of fatality. Understanding accurately how multi-omics molecular features change at the early stage of AMI is crucial for its treatment. Currently, the changes involved in DNA methylation modification and gene expression of multiple genes have remained unexplored. Results: We used the RNA-seq and MeDIP-seq on heart tissues from AMI mouse models at series of time points (Sham, AMI 10-min, 1-h, 6-h, 24-h and 72-h), to comprehensively describe the transcriptome and genome-wide DNA methylation changes at above time points. We identified 18814, 18614, 23587, 26018 and 33788 differential methylation positions (DMPs) and 123, 135, 731, 1419 and 2779 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 10-min, 1-h, 6-h, 24-h and 72-h AMI, respectively, compared with the sham group. Remarkably, the 6-h AMI with the drastic changes of DEGs and a large number of enriched functional pathways in KEGG may be the most critical stage of AMI process. The 4, 9, 40, 26, and 183 genes were further identified at each time point, based on the negative correlation (P < 0.05) between the differential mRNA expression and the differential DNA methylation. The mRNA and the promoter methylation expressions of five genes (Ptpn6, Csf1r, Col6a1, Cyba, and Map3k14) were validated by qRT-PCR and BSP methods, and the mRNA expressions were further confirmed to be regulated by DNA methylation in cardiomyocytes in vitro. Conclusions: Our findings profiled the molecular variations from the perspective of DNA methylation in the early stage of AMI and provided promising epigenetic-based biomarkers for the early clinical diagnosis and therapeutic targets of AMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

x at. % Er3+, 3 at. % Dy3+: CaF 2 transparent ceramics (x=1-5) with good transparency were fabricated by hot-pressed sintering. The phase composition of nanoparticles and transparent ceramics, microstructure, in-line transmittance, upconversion spectra and lifetime of transparent ceramics, as well as energy transfer mechanism between Er3+ and Dy3+ were investigated. The mean grain sizes of nanoparticles decreased from 33.0 nm to 26.2 nm with the Er3+ doping concentration increasing from 1 to 5 at.%. The microstructure of ceramic samples presented nearly dense microstructure and EDS analysis indicated Er3+ and Dy3+ were uniformly incorporated into CaF 2 lattice. Under 900 nm excitation, the emission intensity for 4F 9/2 →6H 15/2 transition of Dy3+ decreased and for 4S 3/2 →4I 15/2 transition of Er3+ increased, the lifetime for the 4F 9/2 level of Dy3+ decreased while the 4F 7/2 level of Er3+ increased with the raise of Er3+ doping concentration. The energy transfer mechanism was proved to be the dipole-dipole interaction. The upconversion luminescence color was tuned from orange through yellow to green by changing the Er3+/Dy3+ ratio. In addition, the Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, and the thermal conductivity of Er3+, Dy3+: CaF 2 transparent ceramics were discussed. All the results showed the Dy3+ could be used as a sensitizer for Er3+: CaF 2 transparent ceramic in the upconversion field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • 3D crescent-like SnS nanocrystals were prepared by a simple one-pot hydrothermal method. • Rarely high molecular weight of PVP (M w = 1300000) was employed as surface agent. • PVP capped 3D SnS nanocrystals exhibited superior adsorption ability to remove cationic dyes. • PVP has evidently enhanced effect on the adsorption performance of 3D SnS. With using Sn2+ as tin source, l -cysteine as sulphur source and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP, M w = 1300000) as surfactant, a novel three-dimensional and crescent-like SnS nanocrystal (NCs) was successfully synthesized in a one-pot hydrothermal method. The as-prepared SnS NCs displayed uniform crescent-like morphological structure, and demonstrated excellent efficiency for the adsorption of cationic dyes such as rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB). Kinetic analysis indicated that the adsorption process followed the pseudo second-order model, and the maximum capacity of the SnS NCs to adsorb MB was determined by Langmuir equation to be 252 mg⋅g−1 at 298 K. The pH dependence of SnS NCs on the adsorption of cationic dyes and the characterization of zeta potential jointly suggested the existence of electrostatic attraction in the process. Overall, this study showed that electrostatic field of functional groups and the capping of PVP could significantly enhance the adsorption performance of the SnS NCs, and also provides a novel insight into the development of highly efficient inorganic adsorbents for cationic dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SrF 2 transparent ceramic is a promising upconversion material due to the low phonon energy. The effect of different sintering temperatures on Er:SrF 2 transparent ceramics was investigated. The suitable sintering temperature for Er:SrF 2 transparent ceramics was 900 °C by hot-pressed sintering in this study. High quality of Er:SrF 2 transparent ceramics with different doping concentrations were obtained. The upconversion luminescence spectra and decay behavior were compared between Er:SrF 2 and Er:CaF 2 transparent ceramics with different Er3+ doping concentration. The green emission of 5 at.% Er:SrF 2 ceramic was much stronger than that of 5 at.% Er:CaF 2 ceramic, while the red emission of Er:SrF 2 ceramic was almost the same as that of Er:CaF 2 ceramic. The upconversion luminescence lifetime of Er:SrF 2 transparent ceramics was longer than that of Er:CaF 2.All the results indicated Er:SrF 2 transparent ceramics was a candidate for green fluorescent upconversion materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The method of integrating model- and data-driven for image fusion is proposed. • The new frame of synchronous adaptive multi-band image fusion is presented. • The deep gate convolution neural network is constructed to realize fusion rules. • Multi-band image adaptive fusion neural network is built and its results are better. • A construction method of tag data in deep learning is proposed. A novel synchronous adaptive framework for multi-band image fusion is proposed, based on integrated model- and data-driven (MDDR) techniques. This approach includes a deep stack convolutional neural network (DSCNN) for multi-band images, established by redefining convolutional kernels in the first layer using Gaussian and Gaussian-Laplace filters. The structure of the convolutional neural network (CNN) was improved by removing a sample CNN layer to reduce information loss, prior to decomposing and reconstructing input images in an adaptive framework. A deep gate convolution neural network (DGCNN) was then established using a gate structure principle common in long short-term memory (LSTM) techniques. As a result, the network can adaptively fuse high- and low-frequency components, similar to conventional image fusion rules in model-driven algorithms. Finally, a synchronous adaptive multi-band image fusion neural network (SAMIFNN) was constructed by embedding the DGCNN into decompose- and reconstruct-subnets in the DSCNN. Data from ImageNet IL SVRC2013 and TNO image fusion datasets were used for training (80%) and testing (20%). SAMIFNN was then compared with seven state-of-the-art methods applied to eight groups of representative images, the TRICLOBS dynamic multiband image dataset, and a series of medical CT, MR, and PET scans. The proposed network required significantly lower runtimes than conventional algorithms, producing satisfactory results across 21 different evaluation metrics (compared with a maximum of 15 achieved by conventional techniques). These experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can successfully implement synchronous adaptive multi-band image fusion with higher contrast, better visual perception, and less distortion, without requiring a priori knowledge or manual intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kaolin supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (K-nZVI) is synthesized and applied as the Fenton-like oxidation catalyst to degrade a model azo dye, Direct Black G (DBG). The characterization of K-nZVI by the high resolution transmission electronmicroscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Diffraction Spectrum (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) show that kaolin as a support material not only reduces the aggregation of zero-valent iron (nZVI) but also facilitates the Fenton-like oxidation by increasing the local concentration of DBG in the vicinity of nZVI. Pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order kinetic models are employed to reveal the adsorption and degradation of the DBG using K-nZVI as the catalyst. A better fit with pseudo second-order model for the adsorption process and equal excellent fits with pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order models for the degradation process are observed; the adsorption process is found to be the rate limiting step for overall reactions. The adsorption, evaluated by isotherms and thermodynamic parameters is a spontaneous and endothermic process. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis was used to test degraded products in the degradation of DGB by K-nZVI. A removal mechanism based on the adsorption and degradation is proposed, including (i) prompt adsorption of DBG onto the K-nZVI surface, and (ii) oxidation of DBG by hydroxyl radicals at the K-nZVI surface. The application of K-nZVI to treat real wastewater containing azo dyes shows excellent degradation efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Use electron beam in-situ curing PDMS, simple and scalable. • An ultrafast curing PDMS method with curing time of 30 s was realized. • Silicone rubber surfaces for outdoor electrical applications achieve superhydrophobic and heat absorption. In-situ curing is a scalable industrial modification technique for composite insulators that can provide significant economic benefits by eliminating numerous curing steps. In this work, we developed an efficient, environmentally friendly, simple and substrate-free curing method, namely electron beam irradiation in-situ curing polydimethylsiloxane (e -PDMS). The fabricated e- PDMS coating has excellent adhesion and is particularly impressive because of its ultrafast cure time of only 30 s. The coating has excellent thermomechanical properties with almost no thermal weight loss at 300 °C. Two common nanoparticles were individually cured on a silicone rubber surface and successfully made the surface superhydrophobic, heat-absorbing and passive cooling, respectively. The results illustrate that the e -PDMS method developed in this study can be effectively functionalized, verified its great potential for applications in the electrical industry, which can vastly facilitate the industrial application of advanced coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High quality of x at.% Tb:CaF 2 (x = 1, 3, 5, 7, 9) transparent ceramics prepared by hot-pressed sintering achieved an average transmittance at 1500 nm of 88%. The effect of Tb3+ concentrations on the phase composition, microstructure, emission spectra, and fluorescence decay dynamics of Tb:CaF 2 transparent ceramics were investigated. XRD and FESEM results demonstrated that the incorporation of Tb3+ did not cause significant changes in the crystal structure of CaF 2 , and the grain size gradually decreased with increasing Tb3+ doping concentration. Under the excitation of 350 nm, the strongest emission peak was located at 542 nm, which was attributed to the 5D 4 →7F 5 transition of Tb3+. The green emission intensity enhanced linearly with increasing Tb3+ concentration from 1 at.% to 9 at.%. The fluorescence lifetime of 5D 4 level was also investigated, and the values were comparable to the corresponding single crystals. All the results suggest that Tb:CaF 2 transparent ceramic is a kind of potential green luminescence material. • Tb:CaF 2 transparent ceramics were fabricated by hot-pressed sintering. • The in-line transmittance of 7 at.% Tb:CaF 2 ceramic is 94% at 1500 nm. • Luminescence intensity of Tb:CaF 2 ceramics increased with increasing Tb3+ content. • The fluorescence lifetimes of Tb:CaF 2 ceramics is equivalent to the corresponding single crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Eu3+:Sr 5 (PO 4) 3 F transparent ceramics were fabricated by hot-pressed sintering. • The in-line transmittance of 3 at.% Eu3+:Sr 5 (PO 4) 3 F transparent ceramics exceeds 80% at 2300 nm. • Eu3+:Sr 5 (PO 4) 3 F nanoparticles microscopic morphology changes from short rod-like to nearly spherical. • Luminescence intensity of Eu3+:Sr 5 (PO 4) 3 F nanoparticles increases with increasing Eu3+ concentrations. The Eu3+:Sr 5 (PO 4) 3 F (Eu3+:S-FAP) nanoparticles were prepared via the co-precipitation method. The XRD and FT-IR results demonstrated different Eu3+ concentrations doped S-FAP nanoparticles were pure phase. The TEM results demonstrated the microscopic morphology of Eu3+:S-FAP changed from short rod-like to nearly spherical when more Eu3+ were introduced. Under 465 nm excitation, the strong red and orange light emissions (579nm, 594 nm, 616 nm, 654 nm, and 712 nm) were presented in the emission spectra, which were corresponding to the transitions of the 5D 0 →7F 0 , 7F 1 , 7F 2 , 7F 3 and 7F 4 , respectively. When more Eu3+ were introduced, the emission intensity of Eu3+:S-FAP nanoparticles was greatly enhanced and the fluorescence lifetimes of Eu3+:S-FAP nanoparticles gradually reduced. The Eu3+:S-FAP transparent ceramics were fabricated by vacuum hot pressing sintering method and its transmittance exceeded 80 % in the near-infrared band. These results above indicate Eu3+:S-FAP is a kind of potentially visible luminescent material. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Post-MI HIIT ameliorated hemodynamic parameters and preserved cardiac function. • HIIT reduced the infarct size and protected the myocardium structure of MI rats. • Post-MI HIIT increased angiogenesis and decreased fibrosis and collagen synthesis. • HIIT induced the inflammation and inhibited ET-1 and RAAS activities in MI rats. Exercise training is beneficial for cardiac rehabilitation. Nevertheless, few study focused on the role of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in cardiac repair. The current study aimed to elucidate the effect of HIIT on cardiac rehabilitation and the involved mechanisms after acute myocardial infarction (MI). A total of 65 male rats underwent coronary ligation or sham operation and were randomly assigned to 4 groups: sham (n = 10), sedentary (MI-Sed, n = 12), moderate-intensity continuous training (MI-MCT, n = 12) and HIIT (MI-HIIT, n = 12). One week after MI induction, adaptive training starts follow by formal training. After the experiment, cardiac functions were determined by echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements. Changes in infarct size, collagen accumulation, myofibroblasts, angiogenesis, inflammation level, endothelin-1 (ET-1), and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activities were measured. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. After MI, cardiac structure and function were significantly deteriorated. However, post-MI HIIT for 8 weeks had significantly ameliorated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), LV systolic pressure (LVSP), and maximum peak velocities of relaxation (–dP/dtmax). Moreover, it preserved cardiac functions, reduced infarct size, protected the myocardium structure, increased angiogenesis and decreased the myofibroblasts and collagen accumulation. HIIT for 4 weeks had no effect on LVEDP, –dP/dtmax, infarct size and angiogenesis. Additionally, it induced inflammation response and repressed ET-1 and RAAS activities were found in myocardium and peripheral circulation after HIIT. Our results suggested that post-MI HIIT had a positive role in cardiac repair, which might be linked with the induction of inflammation and inhibition of ET-1 and RAAS activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), the sequential acquisition of raw complex-valued image data in Fourier space, also known as k-space, results in extended examination times. To speed up the MRI scans, k-space data are usually undersampled and processed using numerical techniques such as compressed sensing (CS). While the majority of CS-MRI algorithms primarily focus on magnitude images due to their significant diagnostic value, the phase components of complex-valued MRI images also hold substantial importance for clinical diagnosis, including neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, complex-valued MRI reconstruction is studied with a focus on the simultaneous reconstruction of both magnitude and phase images. The proposed algorithm is based on the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) technique, which offers shift invariance in images. Instead of directly transforming the complex-valued image into the NSCT domain, we introduce a wavelet transform within the NSCT domain, reducing the size of the sparsity of coefficients. This two-level hierarchical constraint (HC) enforces sparse representation of complex-valued images for CS-MRI implementation. The proposed HC is seamlessly integrated into a proximal algorithm simultaneously. Additionally, to effectively minimize the artifacts caused by sub-sampling, thresholds related to different sub-bands in the HC are applied through an alternating optimization process. Experimental results show that the novel method outperforms existing CS-MRI techniques in phase-regularized complex-valued image reconstructions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Successful pregnancy relies directly on the placenta's complex, dynamic, gene-regulatory networks. Disruption of this vast collection of intercellular and intracellular programs leads to pregnancy complications and developmental defects. In the present study, we generated a comprehensive, spatially resolved, multimodal cell census elucidating the molecular architecture of the first trimester human placenta. We utilized paired single-nucleus (sn)ATAC (assay for transposase accessible chromatin) sequencing and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), spatial snATAC-seq and RNA-seq, and in situ sequencing and hybridization mapping of transcriptomes at molecular resolution to spatially reconstruct the joint epigenomic and transcriptomic regulatory landscape. Paired analyses unraveled intricate tumor-like gene expression and transcription factor motif programs potentially sustaining the placenta in a hostile uterine environment; further investigation of gene-linked cis-regulatory elements revealed heightened regulatory complexity that may govern trophoblast differentiation and placental disease risk. Complementary spatial mapping techniques decoded these programs within the placental villous core and extravillous trophoblast cell column architecture while simultaneously revealing niche-establishing transcriptional elements and cell-cell communication. Finally, we computationally imputed genome-wide, multiomic single-cell profiles and spatially characterized the placental chromatin accessibility landscape. This spatially resolved, single-cell multiomic framework of the first trimester human placenta serves as a blueprint for future studies on early placental development and pregnancy., Competing Interests: Competing interests: A patent application related to this work about discovering novel immune modulators has been filed by the Massachusetts General Hospital. J.S. is a scientific advisor for Johnson & Johnson. F.C. is an academic co-founder of Curio Bioscience and Doppler Bio, and an advisor to Amber Bio. F.C., A.J.C.R. and N.M.N. are listed as inventors on a patent application related to Slide-tags. The other authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.)

Competing Interests: Competing interests: The author declares no competing interests.

Levosimendan, a Ca2 + sensitizer with positive inotropic effects, is primarily employed for the short-term treatment of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Levosimendan exerts renal function protection through various mechanisms, including anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects in vivo. Additionally, levosimendan may have a protective effect on individuals with heart failure and renal insufficiency, as well as on renal function impairment after cardiac surgery. However, the application of levosimendan in patients with severe renal dysfunction remains controversial. This article delves into the use of levosimendan in severe renal insufficiency, explores its impact on renal function, and provides a comprehensive overview of its impact on renal function after cardiac surgery., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Purpose: Humanistic caring in clinical practice is important for quality care and patient satisfaction. This study aimed to assess patient satisfaction with humanistic care for emergency patients in China and its associated factors., Methods: From October 2023 to December 2023, a multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted across 28 provinces and 87 hospitals in China, using a sampling method for inpatients in emergency department. Patient satisfaction with humanistic care was evaluated by a self-developed questionnaire with 32 items across 6 dimensions. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to explore associated factors., Results: A total of 3,003 valid questionnaires were successfully collected, with an effective rate of 86.05%. The emergency patients' total mean humanistic caring satisfaction score was 4.67 ± 0.66. Age, medical insurance type, specialized emergency department visited, waiting times, whether had accompanied person, hospital level, and hospital type are correlated factors ( P < 0.05) regarding humanistic caring satisfaction. The correlation analysis showed perceived value, and its three dimensions were moderately correlated with humanistic caring satisfaction. The multiple linear regression showed waiting time ( β  = -0.219, P < 0.05), whether had accompanied person ( β  = -0.192, P < 0.05), hospital level ( β  = -0.137, P  < 0.05), functional value ( β  = 0.197, P < 0.05), and emotional value ( β  = 0.418, P  < 0.05) were strong predictors., Conclusion: Hospitals at all levels should improve patients' perceived value, shorten waiting times, and provide caregivers with improved humanistic care in the emergency department., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wang, Liu, Shen, Zhang, Zhang, Liao, He and Liu.)

Background: Biobehavioral rhythms are biological, behavioral, and psychosocial processes with repeating cycles. Abnormal rhythms have been linked to various health issues, such as sleep disorders, obesity, and depression., Objective: This study aims to identify links between productivity and biobehavioral rhythms modeled from passively collected mobile data streams., Methods: In this study, we used a multimodal mobile sensing data set consisting of data collected from smartphones and Fitbits worn by 188 college students over a continuous period of 16 weeks. The participants reported their self-evaluated daily productivity score (ranging from 0 to 4) during weeks 1, 6, and 15. To analyze the data, we modeled cyclic human behavior patterns based on multimodal mobile sensing data gathered during weeks 1, 6, 15, and the adjacent weeks. Our methodology resulted in the creation of a rhythm model for each sensor feature. Additionally, we developed a correlation-based approach to identify connections between rhythm stability and high or low productivity levels., Results: Differences exist in the biobehavioral rhythms of high- and low-productivity students, with those demonstrating greater rhythm stability also exhibiting higher productivity levels. Notably, a negative correlation (C=-0.16) was observed between productivity and the SE of the phase for the 24-hour period during week 1, with a higher SE indicative of lower rhythm stability., Conclusions: Modeling biobehavioral rhythms has the potential to quantify and forecast productivity. The findings have implications for building novel cyber-human systems that align with human beings' biobehavioral rhythms to improve health, well-being, and work performance., (©Runze Yan, Xinwen Liu, Janine M Dutcher, Michael J Tumminia, Daniella Villalba, Sheldon Cohen, John D Creswell, Kasey Creswell, Jennifer Mankoff, Anind K Dey, Afsaneh Doryab. Originally published in JMIR AI (https://ai.jmir.org), 18.04.2024.)

High-content cell profiling has proven invaluable for single-cell phenotyping in response to chemical perturbations. However, methods with improved throughput, information content and affordability are still needed. We present a new high-content spectral profiling method named vibrational painting (VIBRANT), integrating mid-infrared vibrational imaging, multiplexed vibrational probes and an optimized data analysis pipeline for measuring single-cell drug responses. Three infrared-active vibrational probes were designed to measure distinct essential metabolic activities in human cancer cells. More than 20,000 single-cell drug responses were collected, corresponding to 23 drug treatments. The resulting spectral profile is highly sensitive to phenotypic changes under drug perturbation. Using this property, we built a machine learning classifier to accurately predict drug mechanism of action at single-cell level with minimal batch effects. We further designed an algorithm to discover drug candidates with new mechanisms of action and evaluate drug combinations. Overall, VIBRANT has demonstrated great potential across multiple areas of phenotypic screening., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.)

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between parental attachment, resilience, postpartum traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and maternal-infant bonding at 1 to 3 months postpartum. The mediation effect of resilience and PTSD on the postpartum parental attachment and maternal-infant bond was also evaluated., Design: A cross-sectional research design was used., Methods: A total of 400 postpartum women examined at a tertiary hospital in Wuhan from January 2021 to June 2021 were enrolled in the study. At about 1 to 3 months after giving birth, the women were asked to complete the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), Connor-Davidson Resilience scale(CD-RISC), PTSD CheckList-Civilian version (PCL-C), and the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). The data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Mediation analyse and the Spearman correlation (r) were used to correlate the resilience and PTSD questionnaire scores., Results: The care attachment dimension was significantly associated with resilience (r = 0.24, p < 0.01), PTSD (r = - 0.27, p < 0.01), and maternal-infant bonding (r = 0.10, p < 0.01), and the overprotection attachment dimension was significantly associated with resilience (r = - 0.11, p < 0.01), PTSD (r = 0.33, p < 0.01), and maternal-infant bonding (r = 0.16, p < 0.01). Resilience and PTSD can mediate the relationship between attachment and maternal-infant bonding., Conclusion: Parental attachment, resilience, and PTSD significantly affect maternal-infant bonding at 1 to 3 months postpartum., Impact: This study demonstrated that new interventions aimed at addressing PTSD symptoms and improving resilience might increase parental attachment and maternal-infant bonding after birth. However, further research is required to evaluate the success of these interventions., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Normal saline (NS) is the most widely used agent in the medical field. However, from its origin to its widespread application, it remains a mystery. Moreover, there is an ongoing debate on whether its existence is reasonable, harmful to the human body, or will still exist in the future. The current review traces back to the origins of NS and provides a brief overview of the current situation of infusion. The purpose may shed some light on the possibility of the existence of NS in the future by elaborating on the origin of NS and the research status of the impact of NS on the human body.

Understanding metabolism is of great significance to decipher various physiological and pathogenic processes. While great progress has been made to profile gene expression, how to capture organ-, tissue-, and cell-type-specific metabolic profile (i.e., metabolic tissue atlas) in complex mammalian systems is lagging behind, largely owing to the lack of metabolic imaging tools with high resolution and high throughput. Here, the authors applied mid-infrared imaging coupled with heavy water (D 2 O) metabolic labeling to a scope of mouse organs and tissues. The premise is that, as D 2 O participates in the biosynthesis of various macromolecules, the resulting broad C-D vibrational spectrum should interrogate a wide range of metabolic pathways. Applying multivariate analysis to the C-D spectrum, the authors successfully identified both inter-organ and intra-tissue metabolic signatures of mice. A large-scale metabolic atlas map between different organs from the same mice is thus generated. Moreover, leveraging the power of unsupervised clustering methods, spatially-resolved metabolic signatures of brain tissues are discovered, revealing tissue and cell-type specific metabolic profile in situ. As a demonstration of this technique, the authors captured metabolic changes during brain development and characterized intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity of glioblastoma. Altogether, the integrated platform paves a way to map the metabolic tissue atlas for complex mammalian systems., (© 2022 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serial of diseases with global leading causes of death. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most commonly used basis for CVD diagnosis due to its low cost and no injury. Due to the great performance shown in classification tasks with large-scale data sets, deep learning has been widely applied in ECG diagnosis. Manual labeling is a time-consuming and labor-intensive job, which makes it error-prone and easy to labeled wrongly. These noisy labels cause deterioration in performance since deep neural network is easy to over-fitting with noisy labels. However, currently, only limited studies have been concerned with this problem. To alleviate the performance degradation caused by noisy labels, we come up with an optimization method combining data clean and anti-noise loss function. Our method filters the noisy data by data-clean method, followed by training the network with boot-hard loss function. The experiment is carried on MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and we take a 1-D CNN model for test. The result indicates that our optimization method can produce an effective improvement for noisy label problems when the proportion of incorrect labels ranging from 10% to 50%.Clinical Relevance- The proposed algorithm can be potentially applied to deal with the noisy label problem in ECG diagnosis task.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is one of the most important methods for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases but is usually affected by noises. Denoising is therefore necessary before further analysis. Deep learning-related methods have been applied to image processing and other domains with great success but are rarely used for denoising ECG signals. This paper proposes an effective and simple model of encoder-decoder structure for denoising ECG signals (APR-CNN). Specifically, Adaptive Parametric ReLU (APReLU) and Dual Attention Module (DAM) are introduced in the model. Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) is replaced with the APReLU for better negative information retainment. The DAM is an attention-based module consisting of a channel attention module and spatial attention module, through which the inter-spatial and inter-channel relationship of the input data are exploited. We tested our model on the MIT-BIH dataset, and the results show that the APR-CNN can handle ECG signals with a different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The comparative experiment proves our model is better than other deep learning and traditional methods.Clinical Relevance- This paper proposed a method capable of denoising ECG signals with strong noise to alleviate difficulties for further medical analysis.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is mainly used by medical domain to diagnose arrhythmia. With the development of deep learning algorithms in the ECG classification field, related algorithms have achieved very high accuracy. However, the training of deep learning algorithms always requires large amounts of samples, while the labeled samples are often lacked in the field of medical signals. Therefore, the performance of deep learning algorithms will be greatly restricted. To overcome the sample scarcity problem, we propose a few-shot ECG classification approach based on the Siamese network. This network architecture first uses two one-dimensional convolutional neural network (CNN) that share weights to extract feature vectors of the paired input signals. Then, L1-distance between the two feature vectors is calculated and inputted into the fully connected layer with an activation function sigmoid to determine whether the input pairs belong to same category. We validated our method on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. By experiments, our method performs better than existing networks under the circumstance of extremely few amounts of data.

Understanding metabolism is indispensable in unraveling the mechanistic basis of many physiological and pathological processes. However, in situ metabolic imaging tools are still lacking. Here we introduce a framework for mid-infrared (MIR) metabolic imaging by coupling the emerging high-information-throughput MIR microscopy with specifically designed IR-active vibrational probes. We present three categories of small vibrational tags including azide bond, 13 C-edited carbonyl bond and deuterium-labeled probes to interrogate various metabolic activities in cells, small organisms and mice. Two MIR imaging platforms are implemented including broadband Fourier transform infrared microscopy and discrete frequency infrared microscopy with a newly incorporated spectral region (2,000-2,300 cm -1 ). Our technique is uniquely suited to metabolic imaging with high information throughput. In particular, we performed single-cell metabolic profiling including heterogeneity characterization, and large-area metabolic imaging at tissue or organ level with rich spectral information.

Background: Feelings of loneliness are associated with poor physical and mental health. Detection of loneliness through passive sensing on personal devices can lead to the development of interventions aimed at decreasing rates of loneliness., Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the potential of using passive sensing to infer levels of loneliness and to identify the corresponding behavioral patterns., Methods: Data were collected from smartphones and Fitbits (Flex 2) of 160 college students over a semester. The participants completed the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) loneliness questionnaire at the beginning and end of the semester. For a classification purpose, the scores were categorized into high (questionnaire score>40) and low (≤40) levels of loneliness. Daily features were extracted from both devices to capture activity and mobility, communication and phone usage, and sleep behaviors. The features were then averaged to generate semester-level features. We used 3 analytic methods: (1) statistical analysis to provide an overview of loneliness in college students, (2) data mining using the Apriori algorithm to extract behavior patterns associated with loneliness, and (3) machine learning classification to infer the level of loneliness and the change in levels of loneliness using an ensemble of gradient boosting and logistic regression algorithms with feature selection in a leave-one-student-out cross-validation manner., Results: The average loneliness score from the presurveys and postsurveys was above 43 (presurvey SD 9.4 and postsurvey SD 10.4), and the majority of participants fell into the high loneliness category (scores above 40) with 63.8% (102/160) in the presurvey and 58.8% (94/160) in the postsurvey. Scores greater than 1 standard deviation above the mean were observed in 12.5% (20/160) of the participants in both pre- and postsurvey scores. The majority of scores, however, fell between 1 standard deviation below and above the mean (pre=66.9% [107/160] and post=73.1% [117/160]). Our machine learning pipeline achieved an accuracy of 80.2% in detecting the binary level of loneliness and an 88.4% accuracy in detecting change in the loneliness level. The mining of associations between classifier-selected behavioral features and loneliness indicated that compared with students with low loneliness, students with high levels of loneliness were spending less time outside of campus during evening hours on weekends and spending less time in places for social events in the evening on weekdays (support=17% and confidence=92%). The analysis also indicated that more activity and less sedentary behavior, especially in the evening, was associated with a decrease in levels of loneliness from the beginning of the semester to the end of it (support=31% and confidence=92%)., Conclusions: Passive sensing has the potential for detecting loneliness in college students and identifying the associated behavioral patterns. These findings highlight intervention opportunities through mobile technology to reduce the impact of loneliness on individuals' health and well-being., (©Afsaneh Doryab, Daniella K Villalba, Prerna Chikersal, Janine M Dutcher, Michael Tumminia, Xinwen Liu, Sheldon Cohen, Kasey Creswell, Jennifer Mankoff, John D Creswell, Anind K Dey. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 24.07.2019.)

The goal of this experiment was to investigate the protective effect and the molecular mechanism of Panax Notoginseng Saponins (PNS) on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. The rats underwent intraperitoneal injection with a single dose of cisplatin, a subset of rats were also intraperitoneally injected with 31.35 mg/kg PNS once a day for 8 days. At day 1, 4 and 8 after exposure to cisplatin, the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr) and urinary N-acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) were determined using commercial kits. The pathological change of renal tissue were examined using H & E staining and transmission electron microscopy. The rate of apoptosis and the expression of Bcl-2 in rat renal tissue were detected by using TUNEL staining and Western bloting, respectively. And the expressions of Bax and caspases 9 were detected by immunnohistochemistry. The results showed that PNS significantly protected against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, as evidenced by the decrease in concentration of blood BUN, Scr and urinary NAG, as well as the attenuation of renal histopathological damage. Furthermore, PNS reduced the rate of apoptosis, and the mechanism studies showed that PNS inhibited the expression of Bax and caspase 9, while increased the expression of Bcl-2. This study first demonstrated that PNS can protect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and reduce renal tissue apoptosis via inhibiting the mitochondrial pathway.

In this study, we show that HuR destabilizes p16(INK4) mRNA. Although the knockdown of HuR or AUF1 increased p16 expression, concomitant AUF1 and HuR knockdown had a much weaker effect. The knockdown of Ago2, a component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), stabilized p16 mRNA. The knockdown of HuR diminished the association of the p16 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) with AUF1 and vice versa. While the knockdown of HuR or AUF1 reduced the association of Ago2 with the p16 3'UTR, Ago2 knockdown had no influence on HuR or AUF1 binding to the p16 3'UTR. The use of EGFP-p16 chimeric reporter transcripts revealed that p16 mRNA decay depended on a stem-loop structure present in the p16 3'UTR, as HuR and AUF1 destabilized EGFP-derived chimeric transcripts bearing wild-type sequences but not transcripts with mutations in the stem-loop structure. In senescent and HuR-silenced IDH4 human diploid fibroblasts, the EGFP-p16 3'UTR transcript was more stable. Our results suggest that HuR destabilizes p16 mRNA by recruiting the RISC, an effect that depends on the secondary structure of the p16 3'UTR and requires AUF1 as a cofactor.

Currently, the intraoperative location of microelectrode position in the globus pallidus is subjective and qualitative; it only depends on the experience of doctors during pallidotomy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The fractal characteristic of neuronal discharge signals is analyzed for target localization; the factor of box dimension is extracted from the microelectrode recordings for identifying the neuronal structures at the depth of microelectrode. New objective and quantitative targeting technique is presented by processing clinical microelelctrode recordings of Parkinson's disease. Through the validation of clinical data and the critical appraisal by experts, the targeting technique can be used for improving the accuracy of localization in neurosurgery.

The microelectrode recordings of neuron discharge, which contain noises, are very complex and apt to be disturbed by many factors during the microelectrode-guided stereotactic operations. The varying signal-to-noise ratios are obstacles to the analysis of neural spikes. A novel method based on a combination of wavelet-based and non-linear energy operator is presented for the detection of neural spikes. The method is tested for neural signals of different patients and various SNR values. The results demonstrate its performance for successful detection and effective extraction of the waveform of neural spikes.

Intraoperative analysis of the position of microelectrode in the globus pallidus only depends on experiences and subjective interpretation of microeletrode recording discharge of neurons during pallidotomy for Parkinson's disease. In this paper is reported a method for objective localization of microeletrode during neurosurgery. This method uses the factor of interspike interval based on microelectrode recordings. It is effective for identifying the change of the globus pallidal organism along the microelectrode pathway and the departure or deviation of the needle-pathway. The classification is consistent with the anatomic structures and the results of neurosurgery. This method can be used as a guide in pallidotomy. Globus pallidus.