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156. Publisher Correction: Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity

Author

Turcot, Valérie, Lu, Yingchang, Highland, Heather M., Schurmann, Claudia, Justice, Anne E., Fine, Rebecca S., Bradfield, Jonathan P., Esko, Tõnu, Giri, Ayush, Graff, Mariaelisa, Guo, Xiuqing, Hendricks, Audrey E., Karaderi, Tugce, Lempradl, Adelheid, Locke, Adam E., Mahajan, Anubha, Marouli, Eirini, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Young, Kristin L., Alfred, Tamuno, Feitosa, Mary F., Masca, Nicholas G. D., Manning, Alisa K., Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Mudgal, Poorva, Ng, Maggie C. Y., Reiner, Alex P., Vedantam, Sailaja, Willems, Sara M., Winkler, Thomas W., Abecasis, Gonçalo, Aben, Katja K., Alam, Dewan S., Alharthi, Sameer E., Allison, Matthew, Amouyel, Philippe, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Auer, Paul L., Balkau, Beverley, Bang, Lia E., Barroso, Inês, Bastarache, Lisa, Benn, Marianne, Bergmann, Sven, Bielak, Lawrence F., Blüher, Matthias, Boehnke, Michael, Boeing, Heiner, Boerwinkle, Eric, Böger, Carsten A., Bork-Jensen, Jette, Bots, Michiel L., Bottinger, Erwin P., Bowden, Donald W., Brandslund, Ivan, Breen, Gerome, Brilliant, Murray H., Broer, Linda, Brumat, Marco, Burt, Amber A., Butterworth, Adam S., Campbell, Peter T., Cappellani, Stefania, Carey, David J., Catamo, Eulalia, Caulfield, Mark J., Chambers, John C., Chasman, Daniel I., Chen, Yii-Der I., Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Cramer, Chu, Audrey Y., Cocca, Massimiliano, Collins, Francis S., Cook, James P., Corley, Janie, Galbany, Jordi Corominas, Cox, Amanda J., Crosslin, David S., Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, D’Eustacchio, Angela, Danesh, John, Davies, Gail, Bakker, Paul I. W., Groot, Mark C. H., Mutsert, Renée, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George, Demerath, Ellen W., Heijer, Martin, Hollander, Anneke I., Ruijter, Hester M., Dennis, Joe G., Denny, Josh C., Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Drenos, Fotios, Du, Mengmeng, Dubé, Marie-Pierre, Dunning, Alison M., Easton, Douglas F., Edwards, Todd L., Ellinghaus, David, Ellinor, Patrick T., Elliott, Paul, Evangelou, Evangelos, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Farooqi, I. Sadaf, Faul, Jessica D., Fauser, Sascha, Feng, Shuang, Ferrannini, Ele, Ferrieres, Jean, Florez, Jose C., Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franco, Oscar H., Franke, Andre, Franks, Paul W., Friedrich, Nele, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Galesloot, Tessel E., Gan, Wei, Gandin, Ilaria, Gasparini, Paolo, Gibson, Jane, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Gjesing, Anette P., Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Gorski, Mathias, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Grant, Struan F. A., Grarup, Niels, Griffiths, Helen L., Grove, Megan L., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gustafsson, Stefan, Haessler, Jeff, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hammerschlag, Anke R., Hansen, Torben, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Harris, Tamara B., Hattersley, Andrew T., Have, Christian T., Hayward, Caroline, He, Liang, Heard-Costa, Nancy L., Heath, Andrew C., Heid, Iris M., Helgeland, Øyvind, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Hewitt, Alex W., Holmen, Oddgeir L., Hovingh, G. Kees, Howson, Joanna M. M., Hu, Yao, Huang, Paul L., Huffman, Jennifer E., Ikram, M. Arfan, Ingelsson, Erik, Jackson, Anne U., Jansson, Jan-Håkan, Jarvik, Gail P., Jensen, Gorm B., Jia, Yucheng, Johansson, Stefan, Jørgensen, Marit E., Jørgensen, Torben, Jukema, J. Wouter, Kahali, Bratati, Kahn, René S., Kähönen, Mika, Kamstrup, Pia R., Kanoni, Stavroula, Kaprio, Jaakko, Karaleftheri, Maria, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Karpe, Fredrik, Kathiresan, Sekar, Kee, Frank, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., Kim, Eric, Kitajima, Hidetoshi, Komulainen, Pirjo, Kooner, Jaspal S., Kooperberg, Charles, Korhonen, Tellervo, Kovacs, Peter, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Kutalik, Zoltán, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A., Lamparter, David, Lange, Ethan M., Lange, Leslie A., Langenberg, Claudia, Larson, Eric B., Lee, Nanette R., Lehtimäki, Terho, Lewis, Cora E., Li, Huaixing, Li, Jin, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Keng-Hung, Lin, Li-An, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Lindström, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Dajiang J., Liu, Yongmei, Lo, Ken S., Lophatananon, Artitaya, Lotery, Andrew J., Loukola, Anu, Luan, Jian’an, Lubitz, Steven A., Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Männistö, Satu, Marenne, Gaëlle, Mazul, Angela L., McCarthy, Mark I., McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Medland, Sarah E., Meidtner, Karina, Milani, Lili, Mistry, Vanisha, Mitchell, Paul, Mohlke, Karen L., Moilanen, Leena, Moitry, Marie, Montgomery, Grant W., Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Moore, Carmel, Mori, Trevor A., Morris, Andrew D., Morris, Andrew P., Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Munroe, Patricia B., Nalls, Mike A., Narisu, Narisu, Nelson, Christopher P., Neville, Matt, Nielsen, Sune F., Nikus, Kjell, Njølstad, Pål R., Nordestgaard, Børge G., Nyholt, Dale R., O’Connel, Jeffrey R., O’Donoghue, Michelle L., Loohuis, Loes M. Olde, Ophoff, Roel A., Owen, Katharine R., Packard, Chris J., Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Colin N. A., Palmer, Nicholette D., Pasterkamp, Gerard, Patel, Aniruddh P., Pattie, Alison, Pedersen, Oluf, Peissig, Peggy L., Peloso, Gina M., Pennell, Craig E., Perola, Markus, Perry, James A., Perry, John R. B., Pers, Tune H., Person, Thomas N., Peters, Annette, Petersen, Eva R. B., Peyser, Patricia A., Pirie, Ailith, Polasek, Ozren, Polderman, Tinca J., Puolijoki, Hannu, Raitakari, Olli T., Rasheed, Asif, Rauramaa, Rainer, Reilly, Dermot F., Renström, Frida, Rheinberger, Myriam, Ridker, Paul M., Rioux, John D., Rivas, Manuel A., Roberts, David J., Robertson, Neil R., Robino, Antonietta, Rolandsson, Olov, Rudan, Igor, Ruth, Katherine S., Saleheen, Danish, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J., Sapkota, Yadav, Sattar, Naveed, Schoen, Robert E., Schreiner, Pamela J., Schulze, Matthias B., Scott, Robert A., Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P., Shah, Svati H., Sheu, Wayne H.-H., Sim, Xueling, Slater, Andrew J., Small, Kerrin S., Smith, Albert V., Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Timothy D., Speliotes, Elizabeth K., Starr, John M., Stefansson, Kari, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stirrups, Kathleen E., Strauch, Konstantin, Stringham, Heather M., Stumvoll, Michael, Sun, Liang, Surendran, Praveen, Swift, Amy J., Tada, Hayato, Tansey, Katherine E., Tardif, Jean-Claude, Taylor, Kent D., Teumer, Alexander, Thompson, Deborah J., Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thuesen, Betina H., Tönjes, Anke, Tromp, Gerard, Trompet, Stella, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Uher, Rudolf, Uitterlinden, André G., Uusitupa, Matti, Laan, Sander W., Duijn, Cornelia M., Leeuwen, Nienke, van Setten, Jessica, Vanhala, Mauno, Varbo, Anette, Varga, Tibor V., Varma, Rohit, Edwards, Digna R. Velez, Vermeulen, Sita H., Veronesi, Giovanni, Vestergaard, Henrik, Vitart, Veronique, Vogt, Thomas F., Völker, Uwe, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wagenknecht, Lynne E., Walker, Mark, Wallentin, Lars, Wang, Feijie, Wang, Carol A., Wang, Shuai, Wang, Yiqin, Ware, Erin B., Wareham, Nicholas J., Warren, Helen R., Waterworth, Dawn M., Wessel, Jennifer, White, Harvey D., Willer, Cristen J., Wilson, James G., Witte, Daniel R., Wood, Andrew R., Wu, Ying, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yao, Jie, Yao, Pang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M., Young, Robin, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhan, Xiaowei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zhao, Wei, Zhou, Wei, Zondervan, Krina T, CHD Exome+ Consortium, EPIC-CVD Consortium, ExomeBP Consortium, Global Lipids Genetic Consortium, GoT2D Genes Consortium, EPIC InterAct Consortium, INTERVAL Study, ReproGen Consortium, T2D-Genes Consortium, The MAGIC Investigators, Understanding Society Scientific Group, Rotter, Jerome I., Pospisilik, John A., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Borecki, Ingrid B., Deloukas, Panos, Frayling, Timothy M., Lettre, Guillaume, North, Kari E., Lindgren, Cecilia M., Hirschhorn, Joel N., and Loos, Ruth J. F.

Published
2019
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157. Persistent organic pollutants associate with liver disease in a Finnish general population sample.

Author

Hakkarainen, Konsta, Rantakokko, Panu, Koponen, Jani, Ruokojärvi, Päivi, Korkalainen, Merja, Salomaa, Veikko, Jula, Antti, Männistö, Satu, Perola, Markus, Lundqvist, Annamari, Männistö, Ville, and Åberg, Fredrik

Subjects
PERSISTENT pollutants, LIVER diseases, FLUOROALKYL compounds, NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease, POLYCHLORINATED biphenyls
Abstract

Background and Aims: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have multiple adverse effects on human health. Recent studies show a possible association with liver disease, but population‐based data are scarce. In this population‐based study, we studied the associations between POPs and biomarkers of liver disease and incident liver disease. Methods: This study consisted of 2789 adults that participated in the environmental toxin subset of the Finnish health‐examination survey, FINRISK 2007. Toxins were measured from serum samples, and standard liver tests and dynamic aspartate aminotransferase‐alanine aminotransferase ratio (dAAR) were measured as biomarkers of liver function. Associations between POPs and the biomarkers were then analysed using linear regression. Associations between POPs and incident liver disease (n = 36) were analysed by Cox regression. Results: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and several perfluorinated alkyl substances exhibited statistically significant positive associations with several biomarkers of liver injury (betacoefficient per SD 0.04–0.14, p < 0.05). These associations were stronger in subgroups of individuals with obesity or non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. OCPs, PCBs and perfluoro‐octanoic acid also had significant positive associations with dAAR, which can be used to predict risk of incident severe liver outcomes (beta coefficient per SD 0.05–0.08, p < 0.05). OCPs and PCBs were also significantly and positively associated with incident liver disease (hazard ratio per SD 1.82 95% CI 1.21–2.73, p < 0.01 and hazard ratio per SD 1.69, 95% CI 1.07–2.68, p < 0.05 respectively). Conclusions: Several POPs show positive associations with markers of liver injury and incident liver disease, suggesting that environmental toxins are important risk factors for chronic liver disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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163. Circulating insulin-like growth factors and risks of overall, aggressive and early-onset prostate cancer:a collaborative analysis of 20 prospective studies and Mendelian randomization analysis

Author

Watts, Eleanor L., Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Fensom, Georgina K., Smith-Byrne, Karl, Noor, Urwah, Andrews, Colm D., Gunter, Marc J., Holmes, Michael V., Martin, Richard M., Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Albanes, Demetrius, Barricarte, Aurelio, Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. Bas, Cohn, Barbara A., Deschasaux-Tanguy, Melanie, Dimou, Niki L., Ferrucci, Luigi, Flicker, Leon, Freedman, Neal D., Giles, Graham G., Giovannucci, Edward L., Haiman, Christopher A., Hankey, Graham J., Holly, Jeffrey M. P., Huang, Jiaqi, Huang, Wen-Yi, Hurwitz, Lauren M., Kaaks, Rudolf, Kubo, Tatsuhiko, Le Marchand, Loic, Macinnis, Robert J., Männistö, Satu, Metter, E. Jeffrey, Mikami, Kazuya, Mucci, Lorelei A., Olsen, Anja W., Ozasa, Kotaro, Palli, Domenico, Penney, Kathryn L., Platz, Elizabeth A., Pollak, Michael N., Roobol, Monique J., Schaefer, Catherine A., Schenk, Jeannette M., Stattin, Pär, Tamakoshi, Akiko, Thysell, Elin, Tsai, Chiaojung Jillian, Touvier, Mathilde, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weinstein, Stephanie J., Wilkens, Lynne R., Yeap, Bu B., Allen, Naomi E., Key, Timothy J., Travis, Ruth C., The PRACTICAL Consortium, CRUK, BPC3, CAPS, PEGASUS, and consortium, The PRACTICAL

Subjects
Cancer och onkologi, prospective analysis, Epidemiology, General Medicine, prostate cancer, aggressive prostate cancer, Cancer and Oncology, Mendelian randomization, international consortia, Insulin-like growth factor-I, ICEP, Bristol Population Health Science Institute
Abstract

Background Previous studies had limited power to assess the associations of circulating insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) with clinically relevant prostate cancer as a primary endpoint, and the association of genetically predicted IGF-I with aggressive prostate cancer is not known. We aimed to investigate the associations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 concentrations with overall, aggressive and early-onset prostate cancer. Methods Prospective analysis of biomarkers using the Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group dataset (up to 20 studies, 17 009 prostate cancer cases, including 2332 aggressive cases). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prostate cancer were estimated using conditional logistic regression. For IGF-I, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was undertaken using instruments identified using UK Biobank (158 444 men) and outcome data from PRACTICAL (up to 85 554 cases, including 15 167 aggressive cases). Additionally, we used colocalization to rule out confounding by linkage disequilibrium. Results In observational analyses, IGF-I was positively associated with risks of overall (OR per 1 SD = 1.09: 95% CI 1.07, 1.11), aggressive (1.09: 1.03, 1.16) and possibly early-onset disease (1.11: 1.00, 1.24); associations were similar in MR analyses (OR per 1 SD = 1.07: 1.00, 1.15; 1.10: 1.01, 1.20; and 1.13; 0.98, 1.30, respectively). Colocalization also indicated a shared signal for IGF-I and prostate cancer (PP4: 99%). Men with higher IGF-II (1.06: 1.02, 1.11) and IGFBP-3 (1.08: 1.04, 1.11) had higher risks of overall prostate cancer, whereas higher IGFBP-1 was associated with a lower risk (0.95: 0.91, 0.99); these associations were attenuated following adjustment for IGF-I. Conclusions These findings support the role of IGF-I in the development of prostate cancer, including for aggressive disease.

Published
2022
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164. Body image and eating behavior in young adults born preterm

Author

Matinolli, Hanna‐Maria, Männistö, Satu, Sipola‐Leppänen, Marika, Tikanmäki, Marjaana, Heinonen, Kati, Lahti, Jari, Lahti, Marius, Wehkalampi, Karoliina, Järvelin, Marjo‐Riitta, Andersson, Sture, Lano, Aulikki, Vartia, Timo, Wolke, Dieter, Eriksson, Johan G, Vääräsmäki, Marja, Räikkönen, Katri, and Kajantie, Eero

Published
2017
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172. Publisher Correction: Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity

Author

Turcot, Valérie, Lu, Yingchang, Highland, Heather M., Schurmann, Claudia, Justice, Anne E., Fine, Rebecca S., Bradfield, Jonathan P., Esko, Tõnu, Giri, Ayush, Graff, Mariaelisa, Guo, Xiuqing, Hendricks, Audrey E., Karaderi, Tugce, Lempradl, Adelheid, Locke, Adam E., Mahajan, Anubha, Marouli, Eirini, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Young, Kristin L., Alfred, Tamuno, Feitosa, Mary F., Masca, Nicholas G. D., Manning, Alisa K., Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Mudgal, Poorva, Ng, Maggie C. Y., Reiner, Alex P., Vedantam, Sailaja, Willems, Sara M., Winkler, Thomas W., Abecasis, Gonçalo, Aben, Katja K., Alam, Dewan S., Alharthi, Sameer E., Allison, Matthew, Amouyel, Philippe, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Auer, Paul L., Balkau, Beverley, Bang, Lia E., Barroso, Inês, Bastarache, Lisa, Benn, Marianne, Bergmann, Sven, Bielak, Lawrence F., Blüher, Matthias, Boehnke, Michael, Boeing, Heiner, Boerwinkle, Eric, Böger, Carsten A., Bork-Jensen, Jette, Bots, Michiel L., Bottinger, Erwin P., Bowden, Donald W., Brandslund, Ivan, Breen, Gerome, Brilliant, Murray H., Broer, Linda, Brumat, Marco, Burt, Amber A., Butterworth, Adam S., Campbell, Peter T., Cappellani, Stefania, Carey, David J., Catamo, Eulalia, Caulfield, Mark J., Chambers, John C., Chasman, Daniel I., Chen, Yii-Der I., Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Cramer, Chu, Audrey Y., Cocca, Massimiliano, Collins, Francis S., Cook, James P., Corley, Janie, Corominas Galbany, Jordi, Cox, Amanda J., Crosslin, David S., Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, D’Eustacchio, Angela, Danesh, John, Davies, Gail, Bakker, Paul I. W., Groot, Mark C. H., Mutsert, Renée, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George, Demerath, Ellen W., Heijer, Martin, Hollander, Anneke I., Ruijter, Hester M., Dennis, Joe G., Denny, Josh C., Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Drenos, Fotios, Du, Mengmeng, Dubé, Marie-Pierre, Dunning, Alison M., Easton, Douglas F., Edwards, Todd L., Ellinghaus, David, Ellinor, Patrick T., Elliott, Paul, Evangelou, Evangelos, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Farooqi, I. Sadaf, Faul, Jessica D., Fauser, Sascha, Feng, Shuang, Ferrannini, Ele, Ferrieres, Jean, Florez, Jose C., Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franco, Oscar H., Franke, Andre, Franks, Paul W., Friedrich, Nele, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Galesloot, Tessel E., Gan, Wei, Gandin, Ilaria, Gasparini, Paolo, Gibson, Jane, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Gjesing, Anette P., Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Gorski, Mathias, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Grant, Struan F. A., Grarup, Niels, Griffiths, Helen L., Grove, Megan L., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gustafsson, Stefan, Haessler, Jeff, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hammerschlag, Anke R., Hansen, Torben, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Harris, Tamara B., Hattersley, Andrew T., Have, Christian T., Hayward, Caroline, He, Liang, Heard-Costa, Nancy L., Heath, Andrew C., Heid, Iris M., Helgeland, Øyvind, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Hewitt, Alex W., Holmen, Oddgeir L., Hovingh, G. Kees, Howson, Joanna M. M., Hu, Yao, Huang, Paul L., Huffman, Jennifer E., Ikram, M. Arfan, Ingelsson, Erik, Jackson, Anne U., Jansson, Jan-Håkan, Jarvik, Gail P., Jensen, Gorm B., Jia, Yucheng, Johansson, Stefan, Jørgensen, Marit E., Jørgensen, Torben, Jukema, J. Wouter, Kahali, Bratati, Kahn, René S., Kähönen, Mika, Kamstrup, Pia R., Kanoni, Stavroula, Kaprio, Jaakko, Karaleftheri, Maria, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Karpe, Fredrik, Kathiresan, Sekar, Kee, Frank, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., Kim, Eric, Kitajima, Hidetoshi, Komulainen, Pirjo, Kooner, Jaspal S., Kooperberg, Charles, Korhonen, Tellervo, Kovacs, Peter, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Kutalik, Zoltán, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A., Lamparter, David, Lange, Ethan M., Lange, Leslie A., Langenberg, Claudia, Larson, Eric B., Lee, Nanette R., Lehtimäki, Terho, Lewis, Cora E., Li, Huaixing, Li, Jin, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Keng-Hung, Lin, Li-An, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Lindström, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Dajiang J., Liu, Yongmei, Lo, Ken S., Lophatananon, Artitaya, Lotery, Andrew J., Loukola, Anu, Luan, Jian’an, Lubitz, Steven A., Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Männistö, Satu, Marenne, Gaëlle, Mazul, Angela L., McCarthy, Mark I., McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Medland, Sarah E., Meidtner, Karina, Milani, Lili, Mistry, Vanisha, Mitchell, Paul, Mohlke, Karen L., Moilanen, Leena, Moitry, Marie, Montgomery, Grant W., Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Moore, Carmel, Mori, Trevor A., Morris, Andrew D., Morris, Andrew P., Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Munroe, Patricia B., Nalls, Mike A., Narisu, Narisu, Nelson, Christopher P., Neville, Matt, Nielsen, Sune F., Nikus, Kjell, Njølstad, Pål R., Nordestgaard, Børge G., Nyholt, Dale R., O’Connel, Jeffrey R., O’Donoghue, Michelle L., Olde Loohuis, Loes M., Ophoff, Roel A., Owen, Katharine R., Packard, Chris J., Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Colin N. A., Palmer, Nicholette D., Pasterkamp, Gerard, Patel, Aniruddh P., Pattie, Alison, Pedersen, Oluf, Peissig, Peggy L., Peloso, Gina M., Pennell, Craig E., Perola, Markus, Perry, James A., Perry, John R. B., Pers, Tune H., Person, Thomas N., Peters, Annette, Petersen, Eva R. B., Peyser, Patricia A., Pirie, Ailith, Polasek, Ozren, Polderman, Tinca J., Puolijoki, Hannu, Raitakari, Olli T., Rasheed, Asif, Rauramaa, Rainer, Reilly, Dermot F., Renström, Frida, Rheinberger, Myriam, Ridker, Paul M., Rioux, John D., Rivas, Manuel A., Roberts, David J., Robertson, Neil R., Robino, Antonietta, Rolandsson, Olov, Rudan, Igor, Ruth, Katherine S., Saleheen, Danish, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J., Sapkota, Yadav, Sattar, Naveed, Schoen, Robert E., Schreiner, Pamela J., Schulze, Matthias B., Scott, Robert A., Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P., Shah, Svati H., Sheu, Wayne H.-H., Sim, Xueling, Slater, Andrew J., Small, Kerrin S., Smith, Albert V., Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Timothy D., Speliotes, Elizabeth K., Starr, John M., Stefansson, Kari, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stirrups, Kathleen E., Strauch, Konstantin, Stringham, Heather M., Stumvoll, Michael, Sun, Liang, Surendran, Praveen, Swift, Amy J., Tada, Hayato, Tansey, Katherine E., Tardif, Jean-Claude, Taylor, Kent D., Teumer, Alexander, Thompson, Deborah J., Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thuesen, Betina H., Tönjes, Anke, Tromp, Gerard, Trompet, Stella, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Uher, Rudolf, Uitterlinden, André G., Uusitupa, Matti, Laan, Sander W., Duijn, Cornelia M., Leeuwen, Nienke, van Setten, Jessica, Vanhala, Mauno, Varbo, Anette, Varga, Tibor V., Varma, Rohit, Velez Edwards, Digna R., Vermeulen, Sita H., Veronesi, Giovanni, Vestergaard, Henrik, Vitart, Veronique, Vogt, Thomas F., Völker, Uwe, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wagenknecht, Lynne E., Walker, Mark, Wallentin, Lars, Wang, Feijie, Wang, Carol A., Wang, Shuai, Wang, Yiqin, Ware, Erin B., Wareham, Nicholas J., Warren, Helen R., Waterworth, Dawn M., Wessel, Jennifer, White, Harvey D., Willer, Cristen J., Wilson, James G., Witte, Daniel R., Wood, Andrew R., Wu, Ying, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yao, Jie, Yao, Pang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M., Young, Robin, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhan, Xiaowei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zhao, Wei, Zhou, Wei, Zondervan, Krina T, Rotter, Jerome I., Pospisilik, John A., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Borecki, Ingrid B., Deloukas, Panos, Frayling, Timothy M., Lettre, Guillaume, North, Kari E., Lindgren, Cecilia M., Hirschhorn, Joel N., Loos, Ruth J. F., CHD Exome+ Consortium, EPIC-CVD Consortium, ExomeBP Consortium, Global Lipids Genetic Consortium, GoT2D Genes Consortium, EPIC InterAct Consortium, INTERVAL Study, ReproGen Consortium, T2D-Genes Consortium, The MAGIC Investigators, and Understanding Society Scientific Group

Published
2018
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174. Circulating free testosterone and risk of aggressive prostate cancer : Prospective and Mendelian randomisation analyses in international consortia

Author

Watts, Eleanor L., Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Fensom, Georgina K., Smith-Byrne, Karl, Noor, Urwah, Andrews, Colm D., Gunter, Marc J., Holmes, Michael V., Martin, Richard M., Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Albanes, Demetrius, Barricarte, Aurelio, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Chen, Chu, Cohn, Barbara A., Dimou, Niki L., Ferrucci, Luigi, Flicker, Leon, Freedman, Neal D., Giles, Graham G., Giovannucci, Edward L., Goodman, Gary E., Haiman, Christopher A., Hankey, Graeme J., Huang, Jiaqi, Huang, Wen-Yi, Hurwitz, Lauren M., Kaaks, Rudolf, Knekt, Paul, Kubo, Tatsuhiko, Langseth, Hilde, Laughlin, Gail, Le Marchand, Loic, Luostarinen, Tapio, MacInnis, Robert J., Mäenpää, Hanna O., Männistö, Satu, Metter, Jeffrey E., Mikami, Kazuya, Mucci, Lorelei A., Olsen, Anja W., Ozasa, Kotaro, Palli, Domenico, Penney, Kathryn L., Platz, Elizabeth A., Rissanen, Harri, Sawada, Norie, Schenk, Jeannette M., Stattin, Pär, Tamakoshi, Akiko, Thysell, Elin, Tsai, Chiaojung Jillian, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Vatten, Lars, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weinstein, Stephanie J., Wilkens, Lynne R., Yeap, Bu B., Allen, Naomi E., Key, Timothy J., Travis, Ruth C., Watts, Eleanor L., Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Fensom, Georgina K., Smith-Byrne, Karl, Noor, Urwah, Andrews, Colm D., Gunter, Marc J., Holmes, Michael V., Martin, Richard M., Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Albanes, Demetrius, Barricarte, Aurelio, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Chen, Chu, Cohn, Barbara A., Dimou, Niki L., Ferrucci, Luigi, Flicker, Leon, Freedman, Neal D., Giles, Graham G., Giovannucci, Edward L., Goodman, Gary E., Haiman, Christopher A., Hankey, Graeme J., Huang, Jiaqi, Huang, Wen-Yi, Hurwitz, Lauren M., Kaaks, Rudolf, Knekt, Paul, Kubo, Tatsuhiko, Langseth, Hilde, Laughlin, Gail, Le Marchand, Loic, Luostarinen, Tapio, MacInnis, Robert J., Mäenpää, Hanna O., Männistö, Satu, Metter, Jeffrey E., Mikami, Kazuya, Mucci, Lorelei A., Olsen, Anja W., Ozasa, Kotaro, Palli, Domenico, Penney, Kathryn L., Platz, Elizabeth A., Rissanen, Harri, Sawada, Norie, Schenk, Jeannette M., Stattin, Pär, Tamakoshi, Akiko, Thysell, Elin, Tsai, Chiaojung Jillian, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Vatten, Lars, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weinstein, Stephanie J., Wilkens, Lynne R., Yeap, Bu B., Allen, Naomi E., Key, Timothy J., and Travis, Ruth C.

Abstract

Previous studies had limited power to assess the associations of testosterone with aggressive disease as a primary endpoint. Further, the association of genetically predicted testosterone with aggressive disease is not known. We investigated the associations of calculated free and measured total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) with aggressive, overall and early-onset prostate cancer. In blood-based analyses, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prostate cancer were estimated using conditional logistic regression from prospective analysis of biomarker concentrations in the Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group (up to 25 studies, 14 944 cases and 36 752 controls, including 1870 aggressive prostate cancers). In Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses, using instruments identified using UK Biobank (up to 194 453 men) and outcome data from PRACTICAL (up to 79 148 cases and 61 106 controls, including 15 167 aggressive cancers), ORs were estimated using the inverse-variance weighted method. Free testosterone was associated with aggressive disease in MR analyses (OR per 1 SD = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.08-1.40). In blood-based analyses there was no association with aggressive disease overall, but there was heterogeneity by age at blood collection (OR for men aged <60 years 1.14, CI = 1.02-1.28; Phet =.0003: inverse association for older ages). Associations for free testosterone were positive for overall prostate cancer (MR: 1.20, 1.08-1.34; blood-based: 1.03, 1.01-1.05) and early-onset prostate cancer (MR: 1.37, 1.09-1.73; blood-based: 1.08, 0.98-1.19). SHBG and total testosterone were inversely associated with overall prostate cancer in blood-based analyses, with null associations in MR analysis. Our results support free testosterone, rather than total testosterone, in the development of prostate cancer, including aggressive subgroups.

Published
2022
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175. Influence of geographical latitude on vitamin D status: cross-sectional results from the BiomarCaRE consortium

Author

Oskarsson, Viktor, Eliasson, Mats, Salomaa, Veikko, Reinikainen, Jaakko, Männistö, Satu, Palmieri, Luigi, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Sans, Susana, Costanzo, Simona, De Gaetano, Giovanni, Iacoviello, Licia, Veronesi, Giovanni, Ferrario, Marco M, Padro, Teresa, Thorand, Barbara, Huth, Cornelia, Zeller, Tanja, Blankenberg, Stefan, Anderson, Annie S, Tunstall-Pedoe, Hugh, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Söderberg, Stefan, Oskarsson, Viktor, Eliasson, Mats, Salomaa, Veikko, Reinikainen, Jaakko, Männistö, Satu, Palmieri, Luigi, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Sans, Susana, Costanzo, Simona, De Gaetano, Giovanni, Iacoviello, Licia, Veronesi, Giovanni, Ferrario, Marco M, Padro, Teresa, Thorand, Barbara, Huth, Cornelia, Zeller, Tanja, Blankenberg, Stefan, Anderson, Annie S, Tunstall-Pedoe, Hugh, Kuulasmaa, Kari, and Söderberg, Stefan

Abstract

Even though sunlight is viewed as the most important determinant of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) status, several European studies have observed higher 25(OH)D concentrations among north-Europeans than south-Europeans. We studied the association between geographical latitude (derived from ecological data) and 25(OH)D status in 6 European countries by using harmonized immunoassay data from 81,084 participants in the Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomarCaRE) project (male sex 48.9%; median age 50.8 years; examination period 1984 to 2014). Quantile regression models, adjusted for age, sex, decade and calendar week of sampling, and time from sampling to analysis, were used for between-country comparisons. Up until the median percentile, the ordering of countries by 25(OH)D status (from highest to lowest) was as follows: Sweden (at 65.6 to 63.8 oN), Germany (at 48.4 oN), Finland (at 65.0 to 60.2 oN), Italy (at 45.6 to 41.5 oN), Scotland (at 58.2 to 55.1 oN), and Spain (at 41.5 oN). From the 75th percentile and upwards, Finland had higher values than Germany. As an example, using the Swedish cohort as comparator, the median 25(OH)D concentration was 3.03, 3.28, 5.41, 6.54, and 9.28 ng/mL lower in the German, Finnish, Italian, Scottish, and Spanish cohort, respectively (P-value < 0.001 for all comparisons). The ordering of countries was highly consistent in subgroup analyses by sex, age, and decade and season of sampling. In conclusion, we confirmed the previous observation of a north-to-south gradient of 25(OH)D status in Europe, with higher percentile values among north-Europeans than south-Europeans.

Published
2022
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176. Alcohol intake and total mortality in 142 960 individuals from the MORGAM Project: a population-based study

Author

Di Castelnuovo, Augusto, Costanzo, Simona, Bonaccio, Marialaura, McElduff, Patrick, Linneberg, Allan, Salomaa, Veikko, Männistö, Satu, Moitry, Marie, Ferrières, Jean, Dallongeville, Jean, Thorand, Barbara, Brenner, Hermann, Ferrario, Marco, Veronesi, Giovanni, Pettenuzzo, Emanuela, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Njølstad, Inger, Drygas, Wojciech, Nikitin, Yuri, Söderberg, Stefan, Kee, Frank, Grassi, Guido, Westermann, Dirk, Schrage, Benedikt, Dabboura, Salim, Zeller, Tanja, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Blankenberg, Stefan, Donati, Maria Benedetta, de Gaetano, Giovanni, Iacoviello, Licia, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto, Costanzo, Simona, Bonaccio, Marialaura, McElduff, Patrick, Linneberg, Allan, Salomaa, Veikko, Männistö, Satu, Moitry, Marie, Ferrières, Jean, Dallongeville, Jean, Thorand, Barbara, Brenner, Hermann, Ferrario, Marco, Veronesi, Giovanni, Pettenuzzo, Emanuela, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Njølstad, Inger, Drygas, Wojciech, Nikitin, Yuri, Söderberg, Stefan, Kee, Frank, Grassi, Guido, Westermann, Dirk, Schrage, Benedikt, Dabboura, Salim, Zeller, Tanja, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Blankenberg, Stefan, Donati, Maria Benedetta, de Gaetano, Giovanni, and Iacoviello, Licia

Abstract

Aim: To test the association of alcohol consumption with total and cause-specific mortality risk. Design: Prospective observational multi-centre population-based study. Setting: Sixteen cohorts (15 from Europe) in the MOnica Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph (MORGAM) Project. Participants: A total of 142 960 individuals (mean age 50 ± 13 years, 53.9% men). Measurements: Average alcohol intake by food frequency questionnaire, total and cause-specific mortality. Findings: In comparison with life-time abstainers, consumption of alcohol less than 10 g/day was associated with an average 11% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 7–14%] reduction in the risk of total mortality, while intake > 20 g/day was associated with a 13% (95% CI = 7–20%) increase in the risk of total mortality. Comparable findings were observed for cardiovascular (CV) deaths. With regard to cancer, drinking up to 10 g/day was not associated with either mortality risk reduction or increase, while alcohol intake > 20 g/day was associated with a 22% (95% CI = 10–35%) increased risk of mortality. The association of alcohol with fatal outcomes was similar in men and women, differed somewhat between countries and was more apparent in individuals preferring wine, suggesting that benefits may not be due to ethanol but other ingredients. Mediation analysis showed that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol explained 2.9 and 18.7% of the association between low alcohol intake and total as well as CV mortality, respectively. Conclusions: In comparison with life-time abstainers, consuming less than one drink per day (nadir at 5 g/day) was associated with a reduced risk of total, cardiovascular and other causes mortality, except cancer. Intake of more than two drinks per day was associated with an increased risk of total, cardiovascular and especially cancer mortality.

Published
2022
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177. Development and validation of a model to predict incident chronic liver disease in the general population:The CLivD score

Author

Åberg, Fredrik, Luukkonen, Panu K., But, Anna, Salomaa, Veikko, Britton, Annie, Petersen, Kasper Meidahl, Bojesen, Stig Egil, Balling, Mie, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Puukka, Pauli, Männistö, Satu, Lundqvist, Annamari, Perola, Markus, Jula, Antti, Färkkilä, Martti, Åberg, Fredrik, Luukkonen, Panu K., But, Anna, Salomaa, Veikko, Britton, Annie, Petersen, Kasper Meidahl, Bojesen, Stig Egil, Balling, Mie, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Puukka, Pauli, Männistö, Satu, Lundqvist, Annamari, Perola, Markus, Jula, Antti, and Färkkilä, Martti

Abstract

Background & Aims: Current screening strategies for chronic liver disease focus on detection of subclinical advanced liver fibrosis but cannot identify those at high future risk of severe liver disease. Our aim was to develop and validate a risk prediction model for incident chronic liver disease in the general population based on widely available factors. Methods: Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to develop prediction models for liver-related outcomes with and without laboratory measures (Modellab and Modelnon-lab) in 25,760 individuals aged 40–70 years. Their data were sourced from the Finnish population-based health examination surveys FINRISK 1992-2012 and Health 2000 (derivation cohort). The models were externally validated in the Whitehall II (n = 5,058) and Copenhagen City Heart Study (CCHS) (n = 3,049) cohorts. Results: The absolute rate of incident liver outcomes per 100,000 person-years ranged from 53 to 144. The final prediction model included age, sex, alcohol use (drinks/week), waist–hip ratio, diabetes, and smoking, and Modellab also included gamma-glutamyltransferase values. Internally validated Wolbers’ C-statistics were 0.77 for Modellab and 0.75 for Modelnon-lab, while apparent 15-year AUCs were 0.84 (95% CI 0.75-0.93) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.74-0.91). The models identified a small proportion (<2%) of the population with >10% absolute 15-year risk for liver events. Of all liver events, only 10% occurred in participants in the lowest risk category. In the validation cohorts, 15-year AUCs were 0.78 (Modellab) and 0.65 (Modelnon-lab) in the CCHS cohort, and 0.78 (Modelnon-lab) in the Whitehall II cohort. Conclusions: Based on widely available risk factors, the Chronic Liver Disease (CLivD) score can be used to predict risk of future advanced liver disease in the general population. Lay summary: Liver disease often progresses silently without

Published
2022

178. The association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein with future weight gain in adults

Author

Santa-Paavola, Riina, Lehtinen-Jacks, Susanna, Jääskeläinen, Tuija, Männistö, Satu, Lundqvist, Annamari, Santa-Paavola, Riina, Lehtinen-Jacks, Susanna, Jääskeläinen, Tuija, Männistö, Satu, and Lundqvist, Annamari

Abstract

Background: Obesity is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation, and it has been suggested that increased inflammation markers could predict future weight gain. Our aim was to investigate the associations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentration with changes in weight and waist circumference in adults during 11 years of follow-up. Methods: We used data from the Health 2000 and Health 2011 surveys consisting of a population-based sample of Finnish adults. We included those 3143 participants, aged 30-75 years at baseline, whose baseline hs-CRP was measured, and who had information on measured weight and height at both time points. Associations between baseline hs-CRP and changes in weight and waist circumference were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, marital status, and educational status), lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, leisure-time physical activity, sitting time, sleeping time, and psychological distress), and baseline values of BMI and waist circumference. Results: Hs-CRP was not associated with weight gain (≥5%) when adjusted for potential confounders (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.96-1.01), compared to stable weight (change <±5%). Higher baseline hs-CRP was associated with decrease in weight (≤-5%) in the unadjusted (OR 1.03, 1.01-1.05), but not in the adjusted (OR 1.01, 0.99-1.03) model. No association was observed between hs-CRP and waist circumference.

Published
2022
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179. Alcohol intake and total mortality in 142 960 individuals from the MORGAM Project:a population-based study

Author

Di Castelnuovo, Augusto, Costanzo, Simona, Bonaccio, Marialaura, McElduff, Patrick, Linneberg, Allan, Salomaa, Veikko, Männistö, Satu, Moitry, Marie, Ferrières, Jean, Dallongeville, Jean, Thorand, Barbara, Brenner, Hermann, Ferrario, Marco, Veronesi, Giovanni, Pettenuzzo, Emanuela, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Njølstad, Inger, Drygas, Wojciech, Nikitin, Yuri, Söderberg, Stefan, Kee, Frank, Grassi, Guido, Westermann, Dirk, Schrage, Benedikt, Dabboura, Salim, Zeller, Tanja, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Blankenberg, Stefan, Donati, Maria Benedetta, de Gaetano, Giovanni, Iacoviello, Licia, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto, Costanzo, Simona, Bonaccio, Marialaura, McElduff, Patrick, Linneberg, Allan, Salomaa, Veikko, Männistö, Satu, Moitry, Marie, Ferrières, Jean, Dallongeville, Jean, Thorand, Barbara, Brenner, Hermann, Ferrario, Marco, Veronesi, Giovanni, Pettenuzzo, Emanuela, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Njølstad, Inger, Drygas, Wojciech, Nikitin, Yuri, Söderberg, Stefan, Kee, Frank, Grassi, Guido, Westermann, Dirk, Schrage, Benedikt, Dabboura, Salim, Zeller, Tanja, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Blankenberg, Stefan, Donati, Maria Benedetta, de Gaetano, Giovanni, and Iacoviello, Licia

Abstract

Aim: To test the association of alcohol consumption with total and cause-specific mortality risk. Design: Prospective observational multi-centre population-based study. Setting: Sixteen cohorts (15 from Europe) in the MOnica Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph (MORGAM) Project. Participants: A total of 142 960 individuals (mean age 50 ± 13 years, 53.9% men). Measurements: Average alcohol intake by food frequency questionnaire, total and cause-specific mortality. Findings: In comparison with life-time abstainers, consumption of alcohol less than 10 g/day was associated with an average 11% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 7–14%] reduction in the risk of total mortality, while intake > 20 g/day was associated with a 13% (95% CI = 7–20%) increase in the risk of total mortality. Comparable findings were observed for cardiovascular (CV) deaths. With regard to cancer, drinking up to 10 g/day was not associated with either mortality risk reduction or increase, while alcohol intake > 20 g/day was associated with a 22% (95% CI = 10–35%) increased risk of mortality. The association of alcohol with fatal outcomes was similar in men and women, differed somewhat between countries and was more apparent in individuals preferring wine, suggesting that benefits may not be due to ethanol but other ingredients. Mediation analysis showed that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol explained 2.9 and 18.7% of the association between low alcohol intake and total as well as CV mortality, respectively. Conclusions: In comparison with life-time abstainers, consuming less than one drink per day (nadir at 5 g/day) was associated with a reduced risk of total, cardiovascular and other causes mortality, except cancer. Intake of more than two drinks per day was associated with an increased risk of total, cardiovascular and especially cancer mortality.

Published
2022

187. sj-docx-1-sjp-10.1177_14034948221110025 – Supplemental material for Development of non-communicable disease risk factors in Finland: projections up to 2040

Author

Tolonen, Hanna, Reinikainen, Jaakko, Zhou, Zhi, Härkänen, Tommi, Männistö, Satu, Jousilahti, Pekka, Paalanen, Laura, Lundqvist, Annamari, and Laatikainen, Tiina

Subjects
111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified, FOS: Health sciences
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-sjp-10.1177_14034948221110025 for Development of non-communicable disease risk factors in Finland: projections up to 2040 by Hanna Tolonen, Jaakko Reinikainen, Zhi Zhou, Tommi Härkänen, Satu Männistö, Pekka Jousilahti, Laura Paalanen, Annamari Lundqvist and Tiina Laatikainen in Scandinavian Journal of Public Health

Published
2022
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188. Reilu ruokamurros : Polkuja kestävään ja oikeudenmukaiseen ruokajärjestelmään

Author

Kaljonen, Minna, Karttunen, Kaisa, Kortetmäki, Teea, Niemi, Jyrki, Huttunen, Suvi, Tribaldos, Theresa, Malu, Renato S., Paalanen, Laura, Salminen, Jani, Toivonen, Marjaana, Heikkinen, Mari, Härkänen, Tommi, Rinne, Petra, Sares-Jäske, Laura, Savolainen, Hannu, Siimes, Katri, Tapanainen, Heli, Valsta, Liisa, Virkkunen, Henri, Saarinen, Merja, Erkkola, Maijaliisa, Männistö, Satu, Huusela, Erja, Hyvönen, Terho, Kuussaari, Mikko, Huan-Niemi, Ellen, Lehtonen, Heikki, Wejberg, Henrik, Mattila, Tuomas, Joona, Juuso, Jansik, Csaba, Irz, Xavier, Vaalavuo, Maria, Soljanlahti, Maija, Paloviita, Ari, Lonkila, Annika, Aakkula, Jyrki, Kivelä, Reetta, Roitto, Marja, Järviö, Natasha, Tuomisto, Hanna, Tykkyläinen, Riina, Puupponen, Antti, Savikurki, Anni, Hakala, Tuuli, Nousiainen, Juha, Aro, Riikka, Turunen, Anni, Elomaa, Nina, Lähteenmäki-Uutela, Anu, Ritola, Roosa, Lappalainen, Eeva, and Saralahti, Ilja

Subjects
kestävä kulutus, kestävä ruokajärjestelmä, maatilat, elintarviketuotanto, kestävä kehitys, maanviljelijät, sustainability transition, ruokavaliot, kestävyysmurros, oikeudenmukaisuus, innovaatiot, just transition, maatalous, ilmastopolitiikka, sustainable food system, reilu siirtymä
Abstract

Ruokajärjestelmämme kärsivät monista yhteen kietoutuneista kestävyysongelmista. Ongelmia ei korjata yksittäisillä teknologisilla ratkaisuilla, vaan muutoksia tarvitaan läpi koko ruokajärjestelmän. Muutosten laajuuden vuoksi on syytä puhua järjestelmän perustavanlaatuisesta muuttamisesta eli ruokamurroksesta. Tässä julkaisussa tarkastelemme, miten ruokajärjestelmän ilmastopäästöjä voitaisiin vähentää Suomessa siten, että ruokaturva ei vaarannu. Arvioimme ilmastotoimien toteutusta eri murrospoluilla, jotka keskittyvät maankäytön, ruokavalioiden, maatalous- ja ruokateknologioiden muutoksiin. Arvioimme eri murrospolkujen vaikutuksia maatalouteen eri alueilla ja eri väestöryhmien ravitsemukseen. Esittelemme reilun ruokamurroksen periaatteet ja kriteerit, joiden avulla eri murrospolkujen oikeudenmukaisuusvaikutuksia voidaan arvioida. Tarkastelemme myös, millaisia politiikkatoimia tarvitaan ja ruokajärjestelmän toimijoiden näkemyksiä eri toimien oikeudenmukaisuudesta. Reiluuteen liittyvät kysymykset tarvitsevat huomiota kaikilla murrospoluilla, mutta hieman eri painotuksin. Maankäytön murrospolulla keskeiseen asemaan nousevat ilmastopäästöjen vähennys turvemaapelloilla ja viljelijöiden mahdollisuudet toteuttaa vaadittuja ilmastotoimia. Tämä haaste ei liity yksin jako-oikeudenmukaisuuteen, vaan vaatii myös tilojen erilaisten tilanteiden huomioimista sekä muutoskyvykkyyden kehittämistä. Tällä hetkellä viljelijät suhtautuvat vastentahtoisesti turvemaiden viljelystä luopumiseen. Vaatimukset turvepeltojen käytön muutoksista osuvat tuottajien toimeentuloon ja omanarvontuntoon. Koetun oikeudenmukaisuuden parantaminen vaatii huomiota menettelytapojen oikeudenmukaisuuteen politiikkatoimien suunnittelussa niin, että viljelijät otetaan tasavertaisemmin mukaan päästövähennys- ja politiikkakeinojen suunnitteluun. Ristiriitaiset kannustimet on poistettava. Ympäristöoikeudenmukaisuuden kannalta on tärkeää, että maataloudelle asetetuista ympäristötavoitteista pidetään kiinni. Ruokavaliomuutoksen murrospolku koskettaa koko väestöä. Ravitsemussuositusten ja energiatarpeen mukainen syöminen jo itsessään vähentäisi ruokavalion ilmastovaikutuksia. Sosioekonomiset tarkastelut osoittavat, että koulutetut, kaupunkilaiset naiset ovat etumatkalla kohti kestävämpää ruokavaliota. Heidän on helpompi seurata ison ruokavaliomuutoksen polkua, kun taas joillekin muille väestöryhmille pienemmän ruokavaliomuutospolun seuraaminen voi olla helpompaa. Ruokavaliomuutoksiin tarvittavia kyvykkyyksiä, tietoa, ruoanlaittotapoja ja kulttuurisia merkityksiä on tärkeää kehittää koko väestön tasolla. Samaan aikaan eri väestöryhmien ravitsemusta ja haavoittuvuutta ruoan ja muiden välttämättömyyshyödykkeiden hinnan muutoksille on tärkeää seurata, jotta sosiaalipolitiikalla pystytään reagoimaan muutoksiin. Ruokapuheen monipuolistaminen on tärkeää ruokavaliomuutokseen liittyvien vastakkainasettelujen purkamiseksi. Teknologiamuutoksessa eri toimijoiden resurssit ja tietotaito eivät jakaudu tällä hetkellä tasaisesti. Pienet startup-yritykset ja elintarviketeollisuuden vahvat toimijat ovat hyvin eri asemassa ruokateknologian kehityksessä. Kannattavuusongelmat vaikuttavat keskeisesti maatilojen mahdollisuuksiin ottaa uutta teknologiaa käyttöön tai vaihtaa tuotantosuuntaa. Eri toimijoiden yhtäläisiä mahdollisuuksia osallistua innovointiin on kehitettävä osana reilua innovaatiopolitiikkaa. Ruokajärjestelmän muutosvaatimukset nostavat koetut epäoikeudenmukaisuudet pintaan, ja riskinä on kokemusten kärjistyminen. Reilun ruokamurroksen periaatteet ja kriteerit auttavat tarkentamaan kestävyystoimien oikeudenmukaisuusvaikutuksia ja suhteuttamaan eri toimijaryhmien kokemuksia ja vaateita toisiinsa. Epäoikeudenmukaisuuksiin on aktiivisesti etsittävä ratkaisuja, siten, että samalla tarkennetaan eri politiikkalohkojen välistä työnjakoa ilmasto-, maatalous- ja sosiaalipolitiikan välillä. Muutoskyvykkyyksien tukeminen on vaikuttavinta oikeudenmukaisuuspolitiikkaa. Our food systems suffer from many intertwined sustainability problems. Problems cannot be fixed with individual technological solutions, but instead changes are needed throughout the entire food system. Given the scale of the changes, we should talk about a fundamental change in the system, that is, a food system transformation. In this publication, we examine how the climate emissions of the food system could be reduced in Finland in a way that does not compromise food and nutrition security. We assess the implementation of climate action on different transition paths that focus on changes in land use, diets, agriculture and food technologies. We assess the effects of different transition paths on agriculture in different regions and on the nutrition of different population groups. We present the principles and criteria for a just food system transition, with the help of which the fairness effects of different transition paths can be assessed. We will also examine necessary policy measures and the views of food system actors on the fairness of different actions. Issues related to fairness require attention on all transition paths, but with slightly different focuses. On the path of land use transition, the reduction of climate emissions in organic fields, i.e. peatlands and the opportunities for farmers to implement the required climate measures will play a key role. This challenge is not only related to distributional justice, but also requires recognition of the different situations and capabilities of the farmers. At the moment, farmers are reluctant to change the cultivation practices at the peatlands. Calls for change affect the producers' income and self-esteem. Improving perceived fairness requires paying attention to the procedural justice when planning policy measures. This can be done by involving farmers more equally in the planning of emission reduction and policy measures. Conflicting incentives must be removed. From the point of view of environmental justice, it is important that the environmental objectives set for agriculture are adhered to. The transition path of dietary change affects the entire population. Merely following nutritional recommendations would already reduce the climate impact of Finns’ diet. Socioeconomic studies show that educated urban women are ahead of the curve in moving towards a more sustainable diet. It is easier for them to follow the path of a significant dietary change, while for some other populations, following a smaller dietary change path may be easier. It is important to develop the capabilities, knowledge, cooking habits and cultural meanings required for dietary changes at the level of the entire population. At the same time, it is important to monitor the nutrition and vulnerability of different population groups when changing the price of food and other necessities in order to enable social policies to respond to changes. Diversifying food discourse is important in defusing the antagonistic attitudes associated with dietary change. In technological change, the resources and know-how of different actors are not evenly distributed at the moment. Small start-ups and strong players in the food industry play a very different role in the development of food technology. Profitability problems have a key impact on the ability of farms to adopt new technologies or to switch production. Equal opportunities for different actors to participate in innovation must be developed as part of a fair innovation policy. The demands for changes in the food system bring perceived injustices to the surface, and there is a risk that the experiences will polarise. The principles and criteria of the fair food transition help to specify the fairness effects of sustainability measures and to weigh the experiences and claims of different groups of actors. Solutions to injustices must be actively sought, at the same time specifying the division of labour between the climate, agricultural and social policies. Supporting the capacity for change is the most effective policy of fairness. nonPeerReviewed

Published
2022

189. Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height

Author

Marouli, Eirini, Graff, Mariaelisa, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Lo, Ken Sin, Wood, Andrew R., Kjaer, Troels R., Fine, Rebecca S., Lu, Yingchang, Schurmann, Claudia, Highland, Heather M., Rüeger, Sina, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Justice, Anne E., Lamparter, David, Stirrups, Kathleen E., Turcot, Valérie, Young, Kristin L., Winkler, Thomas W., Esko, Tõnu, Karaderi, Tugce, Locke, Adam E., Masca, Nicholas G. D., Ng, Maggie C. Y., Mudgal, Poorva, Rivas, Manuel A., Vedantam, Sailaja, Mahajan, Anubha, Guo, Xiuqing, Abecasis, Goncalo, Aben, Katja K., Adair, Linda S., Alam, Dewan S., Albrecht, Eva, Allin, Kristine H., Allison, Matthew, Amouyel, Philippe, Appel, Emil V., Arveiler, Dominique, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Auer, Paul L., Balkau, Beverley, Banas, Bernhard, Bang, Lia E., Benn, Marianne, Bergmann, Sven, Bielak, Lawrence F., Blüher, Matthias, Boeing, Heiner, Boerwinkle, Eric, Böger, Carsten A., Bonnycastle, Lori L., Bork-Jensen, Jette, Bots, Michiel L., Bottinger, Erwin P., Bowden, Donald W., Brandslund, Ivan, Breen, Gerome, Brilliant, Murray H., Broer, Linda, Burt, Amber A., Butterworth, Adam S., Carey, David J., Caulfield, Mark J., Chambers, John C., Chasman, Daniel I., Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Cramer, Chu, Audrey Y., Cocca, Massimiliano, Collins, Francis S., Cook, James P., Corley, Janie, Galbany, Jordi Corominas, Cox, Amanda J., Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Danesh, John, Davies, Gail, de Bakker, Paul I. W., de Borst, Gert J., de Denus, Simon, de Groot, Mark C. H., de Mutsert, Renée, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George, Demerath, Ellen W., den Hollander, Anneke I., Dennis, Joe G., Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Drenos, Fotios, Du, Mengmeng, Dunning, Alison M., Easton, Douglas F., Ebeling, Tapani, Edwards, Todd L., Ellinor, Patrick T., Elliott, Paul, Evangelou, Evangelos, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Feng, Shuang, Ferrannini, Ele, Ferrario, Marco M., Ferrieres, Jean, Florez, Jose C., Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franks, Paul W., Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Galesloot, Tessel E., Gan, Wei, Gandin, Ilaria, Gasparini, Paolo, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Giri, Ayush, Girotto, Giorgia, Gordon, Scott D., Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Gorski, Mathias, Grarup, Niels, Grove, Megan L., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gustafsson, Stefan, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Harris, Tamara B., Hattersley, Andrew T., Hayward, Caroline, He, Liang, Heid, Iris M., Heikkilä, Kauko, Helgeland, Øyvind, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Hewitt, Alex W., Hocking, Lynne J., Hollensted, Mette, Holmen, Oddgeir L., Hovingh, Kees G., Howson, Joanna M. M., Hoyng, Carel B., Huang, Paul L., Hveem, Kristian, Ikram, Arfan M., Ingelsson, Erik, Jackson, Anne U., Jansson, Jan-Håkan, Jarvik, Gail P., Jensen, Gorm B., Jhun, Min A., Jia, Yucheng, Jiang, Xuejuan, Johansson, Stefan, Jørgensen, Marit E., Jørgensen, Torben, Jousilahti, Pekka, Jukema, Wouter J., Kahali, Bratati, Kahn, René S., Kähönen, Mika, Kamstrup, Pia R., Kanoni, Stavroula, Kaprio, Jaakko, Karaleftheri, Maria, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Karpe, Fredrik, Kee, Frank, Keeman, Renske, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., Kitajima, Hidetoshi, Kluivers, Kirsten B., Kocher, Thomas, Komulainen, Pirjo, Kontto, Jukka, Kooner, Jaspal S., Kooperberg, Charles, Kovacs, Peter, Kriebel, Jennifer, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Küry, Sébastien, Kuusisto, Johanna, La Bianca, Martina, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A., Lange, Ethan M., Lange, Leslie A., Langefeld, Carl D., Langenberg, Claudia, Larson, Eric B., Lee, I-Te, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lewis, Cora E., Li, Huaixing, Li, Jin, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Li-An, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Lindström, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Yeheng, Liu, Yongmei, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Luan, Jianʼan, Lubitz, Steven A., Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Mackey, David A., Madden, Pamela A. F., Manning, Alisa K., Männistö, Satu, Marenne, Gaëlle, Marten, Jonathan, Martin, Nicholas G., Mazul, Angela L., Meidtner, Karina, Metspalu, Andres, Mitchell, Paul, Mohlke, Karen L., Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Morgan, Anna, Morris, Andrew D., Morris, Andrew P., Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Munroe, Patricia B., Nalls, Mike A., Nauck, Matthias, Nelson, Christopher P., Neville, Matt, Nielsen, Sune F., Nikus, Kjell, Njølstad, Pål R., Nordestgaard, Børge G., Ntalla, Ioanna, OʼConnel, Jeffrey R., Oksa, Heikki, Olde Loohuis, Loes M., Ophoff, Roel A., Owen, Katharine R., Packard, Chris J., Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Colin N. A., Pasterkamp, Gerard, Patel, Aniruddh P., Pattie, Alison, Pedersen, Oluf, Peissig, Peggy L., Peloso, Gina M., Pennell, Craig E., Perola, Markus, Perry, James A., Perry, John R. B., Person, Thomas N., Pirie, Ailith, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Raitakari, Olli T., Rasheed, Asif, Rauramaa, Rainer, Reilly, Dermot F., Reiner, Alex P., Renström, Frida, Ridker, Paul M., Rioux, John D., Robertson, Neil, Robino, Antonietta, Rolandsson, Olov, Rudan, Igor, Ruth, Katherine S., Saleheen, Danish, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J., Sandow, Kevin, Sapkota, Yadav, Sattar, Naveed, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Schreiner, Pamela J., Schulze, Matthias B., Scott, Robert A., Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P., Shah, Svati, Sim, Xueling, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Small, Kerrin S., Smith, Albert Vernon, Smith, Jennifer A., Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Timothy D., Speliotes, Elizabeth K., Starr, John M., Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stringham, Heather M., Stumvoll, Michael, Surendran, Praveen, Hart, Leen M.ʼt, Tansey, Katherine E., Tardif, Jean-Claude, Taylor, Kent D., Teumer, Alexander, Thompson, Deborah J., Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thuesen, Betina H., Tönjes, Anke, Tromp, Gerard, Trompet, Stella, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Uher, Rudolf, Uitterlinden, André G., Ulivi, Sheila, van der Laan, Sander W., Van Der Leij, Andries R., van Duijn, Cornelia M., van Schoor, Natasja M., van Setten, Jessica, Varbo, Anette, Varga, Tibor V., Varma, Rohit, Velez Edwards, Digna R., Vermeulen, Sita H., Vestergaard, Henrik, Vitart, Veronique, Vogt, Thomas F., Vozzi, Diego, Walker, Mark, Wang, Feijie, Wang, Carol A., Wang, Shuai, Wang, Yiqin, Wareham, Nicholas J., Warren, Helen R., Wessel, Jennifer, Willems, Sara M., Wilson, James G., Witte, Daniel R., Woods, Michael O., Wu, Ying, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yao, Jie, Yao, Pang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M., Young, Robin, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhan, Xiaowei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zheng, He, Zhou, Wei, Rotter, Jerome I, Boehnke, Michael, Kathiresan, Sekar, McCarthy, Mark I., Willer, Cristen J., Stefansson, Kari, Borecki, Ingrid B., Liu, Dajiang J., North, Kari E., Heard-Costa, Nancy L., Pers, Tune H., Lindgren, Cecilia M., Oxvig, Claus, Kutalik, Zoltán, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Loos, Ruth J. F., Frayling, Timothy M., Hirschhorn, Joel N., Deloukas, Panos, and Lettre, Guillaume

Published
2017
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192. Body image and eating behavior in young adults born preterm

Author

Matinolli, HannaMaria, Männistö, Satu, SipolaLeppänen, Marika, Tikanmäki, Marjaana, Heinonen, Kati, Lahti, Jari, Lahti, Marius, Wehkalampi, Karoliina, Järvelin, MarjoRiitta, Andersson, Sture, Lano, Aulikki, Vartia, Timo, Wolke, Dieter, Eriksson, Johan G, Vääräsmäki, Marja, Räikkönen, Katri, and Kajantie, Eero

Published
2016
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193. Associations between unprocessed red and processed meat, poultry, seafood and egg intake and the risk of prostate cancer: A pooled analysis of 15 prospective cohort studies

Author

Wu, Kana, Spiegelman, Donna, Hou, Tao, Albanes, Demetrius, Allen, Naomi E., Berndt, Sonja I., van den Brandt, Piet A., Giles, Graham G., Giovannucci, Edward, Goldbohm, Alexandra R., Goodman, Gary G., Goodman, Phyllis J., Håkansson, Niclas, Inoue, Manami, Key, Timothy J., Kolonel, Laurence N., Männistö, Satu, McCullough, Marjorie L., Neuhouser, Marian L., Park, Yikyung, Platz, Elizabeth A., Schenk, Jeannette M., Sinha, Rashmi, Stampfer, Meir J., Stevens, Victoria L., Tsugane, Shoichiro, Visvanathan, Kala, Wilkens, Lynne R., Wolk, Alicja, Ziegler, Regina G., and Smith-Warner, Stephanie A.

Published
2016
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194. HEART DISEASE: Rare variant in scavenger receptor BI raises HDL cholesterol and increases risk of coronary heart disease

Author

Zanoni, Paolo, Khetarpal, Sumeet A., Larach, Daniel B., Hancock-Cerutti, William F., Millar, John S., Cuchel, Marina, DerOhannessian, Stephanie, Kontush, Anatol, Surendran, Praveen, Saleheen, Danish, Trompet, Stella, Jukema, Wouter J., De Craen, Anton, Deloukas, Panos, Sattar, Naveed, Ford, Ian, Packard, Chris, al Shafi Majumder, Abdullah, Alam, Dewan S., Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Abecasis, Goncalo, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Erdmann, Jeanette, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Nielsen, Sune F., Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne, Schmidt, Ruth Frikke, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Liu, Dajiang J., Perola, Markus, Blankenberg, Stefan, Salomaa, Veikko, Männistö, Satu, Amouyel, Philippe, Arveiler, Dominique, Ferrieres, Jean, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Ferrario, Marco, Kee, Frank, Willer, Cristen J., Samani, Nilesh, Schunkert, Heribert, Butterworth, Adam S., Howson, Joanna M.M., Peloso, Gina M., Stitziel, Nathan O., Danesh, John, Kathiresan, Sekar, and Rader, Daniel J.

Published
2016
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196. Partial substitution of red or processed meat with plant-based foods and the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Author

Maukonen, Mirkka, Harald, Kennet, Kaartinen, Niina E., Tapanainen, Heli, Albanes, Demetrius, Eriksson, Johan, Härkänen, Tommi, Jousilahti, Pekka, Koskinen, Seppo, Päivärinta, Essi, Suikki, Tiina, Tolonen, Hanna, Pajari, Anne-Maria, and Männistö, Satu

Subjects
MEAT, TYPE 2 diabetes, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, MEAT alternatives
Abstract

High consumption of red and processed meat has been associated with increased type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. These kinds of diets are also environmentally unsustainable. We examined a modeled association between a partial substitution of red meat or processed meat with plant-based foods (legumes, vegetables, fruit, cereals, or a combination of these) and T2D risk among Finnish adults. We used pooled data from five Finnish cohorts (n = 41,662, 22% women, aged ≥ 25 years, 10.9 years median follow-up with 1750 incident T2D cases). Diet was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. In the substitution models, 100 g/week of red meat or 50 g/week of processed meat were substituted with similar amounts of plant-based substitutes. Cohort-specific hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated by Cox proportional hazards multivariable model and pooled using a two-staged random-effects model. We observed small, but statistically significant, reductions in T2D risk in men when red or processed meat were partially substituted with fruits (red meat: HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–1.00, P = 0.049, processed meat: 0.99, 0.98–1.00, P = 0.005), cereals (red meat: 0.97, 0.95–0.99, P = 0.005, processed meat: 0.99, 0.98–1.00, P = 0.004) or combination of plant-based foods (only processed meat: 0.99, 0.98–1.00, P = 0.004) but not with legumes or vegetables. The findings of women were similar but not statistically significant. Our findings suggest that even small, easily implemented, shifts towards more sustainable diets may reduce T2D risk particularly in men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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200. The influence of obesity-related factors in the etiology of renal cell carcinoma-A mendelian randomization study

Author

Johansson, Mattias, Carreras-Torres, Robert, Scelo, Ghislaine, Purdue, Mark P., Mariosa, Daniela, Muller, David C., Timpson, Nicolas J., Haycock, Philip C., Brown, Kevin M., Wang, Zhaoming, Ye, Yuanqing, Hofmann, Jonathan N., Foll, Matthieu, Gaborieau, Valerie, Machiela, Mitchell J., Colli, Leandro M., Li, Peng, Garnier, Jean-Guillaume, Blanche, Helene, Boland, Anne, Burdette, Laurie, Prokhortchouk, Egor, Skryabin, Konstantin G., Yeager, Meredith, Radojevic-Skodric, Sanja, Ognjanovic, Simona, Foretova, Lenka, Holcatova, Ivana, Janout, Vladimir, Mates, Dana, Mukeriya, Anush, Rascu, Stefan, Zaridze, David, Bencko, Vladimir, Cybulski, Cezary, Fabianova, Eleonora, Jinga, Viorel, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lubinski, Jan, Navratilova, Marie, Rudnai, Peter, Benhamou, Simone, Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine, Cussenot, Olivier, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Ljungberg, Börje, Tumkur Sitaram, Raviprakash, Häggström, Christel, Bruinsma, Fiona, Jordan, Susan J., Severi, Gianluca, Winship, Ingrid, Hveem, Kristian, Vatten, Lars J., Fletcher, Tony, Larsson, Susanna C., Wolk, Alicja, Banks, Rosamonde E., Selby, Peter J., Easton, Douglas F., Andreotti, Gabriella, Beane Freeman, Laura E., Koutros, Stella, Männistö, Satu, Weinstein, Stephanie, Clark, Peter E., Edwards, Todd L., Lipworth, Loren, Gapstur, Susan M., Stevens, Victoria L., Carol, Hallie, Freedman, Matthew L., Pomerantz, Mark M., Cho, Eunyoung, Wilson, Kathryn M., Gaziano, J. Michael, Sesso, Howard D., Freedman, Neal D., Parker, Alexander S., Eckel-Passow, Jeanette E., Huang, Wen-Yi, Kahnoski, Richard J., Lane, Brian R., Noyes, Sabrina L., Petillo, David, Teh, Bin Tean, Peters, Ulrike, White, Emily, Anderson, Garnet L., Johnson, Lisa, Luo, Juhua, Buring, Julie, Lee, I-Min, Chow, Wong-Ho, Moore, Lee E., Eisen, Timothy, Henrion, Marc, Larkin, James, Barman, Poulami, Leibovich, Bradley C., Choueiri, Toni K., Lathrop, G. Mark, Deleuze, Jean-Francois, Gunter, Marc, McKay, James D., Wu, Xifeng, Houlston, Richard S., Chanock, Stephen J., Relton, Caroline, Richards, J. Brent, Martin, Richard M., Davey Smith, George, and Brennan, Paul

Subjects
Care and treatment, Complications and side effects, Development and progression, Genetic aspects, Health aspects, Obesity -- Genetic aspects -- Complications and side effects, Renal cell carcinoma -- Genetic aspects -- Development and progression -- Care and treatment, Genetic markers -- Health aspects, Etiology (Medicine), Genetics, Carcinoma, Cancer, Type 2 diabetes, Genomics, Insulin, Proxy, Lipids, Genomes, Fasting, Glucose
Abstract

Author(s): Mattias Johansson 1,*, Robert Carreras-Torres 1, Ghislaine Scelo 1, Mark P. Purdue 2, Daniela Mariosa 1, David C. Muller 3, Nicolas J. Timpson 4, Philip C. Haycock 4, Kevin [...], Background Several obesity-related factors have been associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but it is unclear which individual factors directly influence risk. We addressed this question using genetic markers as proxies for putative risk factors and evaluated their relation to RCC risk in a mendelian randomization (MR) framework. This methodology limits bias due to confounding and is not affected by reverse causation. Methods and findings Genetic markers associated with obesity measures, blood pressure, lipids, type 2 diabetes, insulin, and glucose were initially identified as instrumental variables, and their association with RCC risk was subsequently evaluated in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 10,784 RCC patients and 20,406 control participants in a 2-sample MR framework. The effect on RCC risk was estimated by calculating odds ratios (OR.sub.SD) for a standard deviation (SD) increment in each risk factor. The MR analysis indicated that higher body mass index increases the risk of RCC (OR.sub.SD : 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44-1.70), with comparable results for waist-to-hip ratio (OR.sub.SD : 1.63, 95% CI 1.40-1.90) and body fat percentage (OR.sub.SD : 1.66, 95% CI 1.44-1.90). This analysis further indicated that higher fasting insulin (OR.sub.SD : 1.82, 95% CI 1.30-2.55) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP; OR.sub.SD : 1.28, 95% CI 1.11-1.47), but not systolic blood pressure (OR.sub.SD : 0.98, 95% CI 0.84-1.14), increase the risk for RCC. No association with RCC risk was seen for lipids, overall type 2 diabetes, or fasting glucose. Conclusions This study provides novel evidence for an etiological role of insulin in RCC, as well as confirmatory evidence that obesity and DBP influence RCC risk.

Published
2019
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