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The management of breast cancer by chemotherapeutic agents has significantly increased the survival rates and, at the same time, raised concerns about the side effects caused by these agents on healthy tissues. Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment resulting from non-CNS malignancies like breast cancer has emerged as a significant challenge among cancer survivors due to its negative impact on the quality of day-to-day life activities. Using doxorubicin-based chemotherapy as a preclinical model for chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, we assessed the effect of quercetin on behavioral memory alterations in tumor-bearing female rats in vivo and changes in neurite length and apoptosis in PC12 cell lines in vitro. Quercetin is purported to have neuroprotective effects in different preclinical models of human neurological conditions because of its possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Mammary carcinoma was induced by intraperitoneal administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea followed by doxorubicin administration once in 5 days (50 days). Pre-treatment with quercetin began 1 week before the chemotherapy and continued till the end of the chemotherapy cycle. Mechanistically, quercetin produced protection against doxorubicin-induced neurotoxicity by decreasing apoptosis and had a neurogenic effect evidenced by the prevention of toxicant-induced inhibition of neurite establishment. Quercetin reversed episodic and spatial memory deficits caused by doxorubicin treatment assessed by novel object recognition memory and Morris water maze, respectively. Taken together, our findings suggest that cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin may be a contributor to neurogenic impairment in tumor-bearing animals, leading to memory deficits. Therefore, quercetin could be a promising therapeutic strategy for doxorubicin-related cognitive impairment, thus imparting hope for improved quality of life among cancer survivors. Graphical Abstract

The optimum authentication method is determined by the user's risk profile, which is created using context- and behavior-based data from the user's device, finger print, one-time password, and other characteristics. Hacking and security breaches of online accounts, including social networking and web ac- counts, are very common in today's society. We suggest a Risk Based Authentication System utilizing Machine Learning to stop this. For the protection of data and money in this internet environment, security is a worry. Numerous parameters are researched and taken into consideration in the paper in order to solve the issue. These variables determine whether to grant the user permission or not. The gradients descent method is used to verify the user. Previous literature is re- viewed with technical details of the system before conclusion.

Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) for the treatment of dermatomyositis has not been extensively evaluated.We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving patients with active dermatomyositis. The patients were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive IVIG at a dose of 2.0 g per kilogram of body weight or placebo every 4 weeks for 16 weeks. The patients who received placebo and those without confirmed clinical deterioration while receiving IVIG could enter an open-label extension phase for another 24 weeks. The primary end point was a response, defined as a Total Improvement Score (TIS) of at least 20 (indicating at least minimal improvement) at week 16 and no confirmed deterioration up to week 16. The TIS is a weighted composite score reflecting the change in a core set of six measures of myositis activity over time; scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater improvement. Key secondary end points included at least moderate improvement (TIS ≥40) and major improvement (TIS ≥60), and change in score on the Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Disease Area and Severity Index.A total of 95 patients underwent randomization: 47 patients were assigned to the IVIG group, and 48 to the placebo group. At 16 weeks, 79% of the patients in the IVIG group (37 of 47) and 44% of those in the placebo group (21 of 48) had a TIS of at least 20 (difference, 35 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, 17 to 53; P0.001). The results with respect to the secondary end points, including at least moderate improvement and major improvement, were generally in the same direction as the results of the primary end-point analysis, except for the change in creatine kinase level (an individual core measure of the TIS), which did not differ meaningfully between the two groups. Over 40 weeks, 282 treatment-related adverse events occurred in the IVIG group, including headache (in 42% of patients), pyrexia (in 19%), and nausea (in 16%). A total of 9 serious adverse events that were considered to be related to IVIG occurred, including 6 thromboembolic events.In this 16-week trial involving adults with dermatomyositis, the percentage of patients with a response of at least minimal improvement based on a composite score of disease activity was significantly greater among those who received IVIG than among those who received placebo. IVIG was associated with adverse events, including thromboembolism. (Funded by Octapharma Pharmazeutika; ProDERM ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02728752.).

According to the world health organization (WHO), lower back pain (LBP) is the most common healthhazard among workers and is among the top ten health hazards around the globe. The Global Burden ofDisease (GBD) 2010 stated LBP as amongst the top 6 diseases which cause disability injuries and otherchronic diseases. This is the impairment that poses the most economic burden on society as a whole,including individuals, businesses, and the government. This study aims to find out the factors that affectlower back pain among workers associated with different professions in Pakistan. Data were collectedfrom different databases, such as PubMed, Google scholar, and PEDro by using a predefined searchstrategy with proper Boolean terms ‘AND’ or ‘OR’ or ‘NOT’. The data were collected from theliterature available for past 10 years. Additionally, articles with relevant material and titles werereviewed for conducting the current research review. The most common risk factors that were seenalmost among all professions were static position and prolonged working hours, any work that demandsprolonged standing or sitting, bending or twisting, and improper lifting. Several professional workers areat high risk for developing LBP but among all the professions physiotherapists, sonographers, bankers,and shopkeepers were at higher verge for developing LBP. It was found that the prevalence of LBP isincreasing day by day and significantly affecting workers in every profession. Therefore, timelytrainings with proper ergonomic techniques could decrease LBP and increase economic productivity inPakistan. It can be said that good ergonomics for good economics.

Oil and gas companies continuously invest on digital transformation, to economically improve logistics workflow and enhance service providers interaction. A unique digital solution has been designed to automate business processes and reduce unexpected deviations from drilling operation execution process; to avoid unplanned costs and delays affecting overall drilling performance. The manuscript will focus on drilling process modifications and performance impact resulted from implementing drilling forecasting approach for materials and services. Company and Software Provider jointly developed and implemented drilling forecast Report on top of existing reporting system to support drilling operations execution as per short- and long-term plans set earlier. Overall workflow and interconnection logic of steps were defined based on current Company's Standard Operating Procedures detailing Drilling Operation Policies and Instructions. Which ensured the software solution to be fully compliant with Company requirement. The developed automated Report passed a series of comprehensive tests in real conditions and after proven success; was decided to be implemented in Production environment to be efficiently utilized. Following the specific logic of Company's drilling operations execution, the automated forecast report improved planning procedures and automated the information exchange between Company and respective Service Providers to support smooth logistics of materials and personnel that required to be delivered to rig sites or removed from it. Implementation of first phase required strong dedication of drilling engineers, the developed report was designed to eventually lighten the current workload and release additional man-hours in future to analyze and optimize existing procedures. As a digital solution, the report was designed to gather required information from different data sources and automatically compare it with current drilling operations status; to evaluate current phase and predict accordingly the next 10 days of forecast for drilling operations, materials to be prepared and personnel to be located. Which helped to assure materials and field engineers availability on rig site on time. Assuring cost saving and avoiding unplanned logistics costs due to potential deviation and optimized overall Company's financial burden. The forecast report is being developed to be auto generated and shared on daily basis for all rigs to be available for all suppliers on daily basis. Automated forecast Report implanted on top of existing database is enriching current reporting system. Utilizing a digital and automated approach for forecasting daily operation and planning tool for services and materials ahead of time would improve drilling performance efficiency, eliminate any unwanted delays and complement Company's digital strategy.

Introduction The incidence, prevalence, as well as survival of cancer patients, is increasing day by day due to the use of screening and improved diagnostic modalities. Simultaneously, the development of multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) in cancer survivors is not uncommon in recent years, because of an improved understanding of biology and effective management of cancer in the form of local (i.e., surgery/radiotherapy) and systemic (chemotherapy/targeted therapy) treatment, leading to improved survival and subsequent development of more malignancies. The study was conducted to describe the clinicopathological profile of patients diagnosed with MPMs. Objective To study the clinicopathological profile of MPMs and to look for treatment patterns of these patients. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective hospital-based observational study. Medical records of 73 patients with MPMs, who were registered in the department of medical and surgical oncology between January 2016 and December 2018, were enrolled in the study. The statistical analysis was done by using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows from IBM Corp. Categorical data were expressed in the form of frequencies and percentages. Results Out of the total 73 patients, 2 patients were diagnosed to have triple malignancies and were excluded from the study for discussion purposes. Among 71 patients with double malignancies, 19 patients had synchronous and 52 had metachronous malignancies with synchronous to metachronous ratio of 1:2.73. The study included 39 men and 32 women with a male to female ratio of 1.21:1. Gastrointestinal system was the most common system involved in first primary as well as in second primary malignancy. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma equally were the most common histologies seen in primary, whereas adenocarcinoma was the most common histology seen in second primary malignancy. Conclusions The phenomenon of MPMs is not an uncommon presentation due to longer survival and side effects of treatment (radiotherapy/chemotherapy). It should always be kept in consideration in any cancer survivor during surveillance in order to detect it and treat at the earliest.

A number of experts have conducted in-depth research on the promising substance known as activated carbon (AC). Low-cost AC has distinct qualities like high specific surface area, high porosity, and desired surface functionalization. Due to its many useful applications in adsorption, pollution removal, water treatment, food additives, etc., AC is widely employed. Activated charcoal is now widely used for successful treatment for a variety of ailments. Because of its teeth-whitening ability, it is used in toothpaste, and because of its capacity to absorb pollutants, it is utilized in beauty products. However, adding AC to meals is one of the most effective ways people use it. It prevents the body from absorbing it and traps poisons and chemicals in the gut. In this regard, an outline of AC is provided along with a review of the sources of AC. Additionally, the techniques utilized to generate AC—physical, physicochemical, carbonization/pyrolysis, and microwave-assisted activation—are elucidated. The key elements influencing the manufacturing of AC, potential uses of AC, and their prospects for the future are also covered.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a disease that most commonly produce tumours from the lining of the epithelial cells of the lips, larynx, nasopharynx, mouth, or oro-pharynx. It is one of the most deadly forms of cancer. About one to two percent of all neo-plasm-related deaths are attributed to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, which is responsible for about six percent of all cancers. MicroRNAs play a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation, tumorigenesis, stress response, triggering apoptosis, and other physiological process. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and provide new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic options for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In this work, the role of molecular signaling pathways related to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is emphasized. We also provide an overview of MicroRNA downregulation and overexpression and its role as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In recent years, MicroRNA nano-based therapies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have been explored. In addition, nanotechnology-based alternatives have been discussed as a promising strategy in exploring therapeutic paradigms aimed at improving the efficacy of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and attenuating their cytotoxicity. This article also provides information on ongoing and recently completed clinical trials for therapies based on nanotechnology.

The amount of concrete utilized worldwide has lately grown due to rising populations and urbanization. The gas emissions during cement manufacturing and the usage of common resources result in a significant environmental threat. As a result, researchers are attempting to minimize the amount of cement consumed by using waste materials while lowering building costs. This research aims to minimize the amount of cement used in concrete by partially replacing it with ceramic powder waste while also increasing the mechanical qualities of concrete mortar by substituting cement with nanoclay hydrophilic bentonite. Mortar samples were prepared using five different replacement percentages of cement by nanoclay, including 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8%, and two replacement percentages of cement by ceramic powder, including 0% and 20%. Compressive and flexural strength tests were performed on mortar samples for 7, 14, and 28 days of moist curing. The toughness was also measured for all mixes by measuring the area under the load-deflection curve. Also, water absorption and relative densities for all mortar mixes were measured. The results show that replacing cement with 2% nanoclay and 20% ceramic powder increases the flexural strength by 11%. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-07-08 Full Text: PDF

There is no convergence in empirical literature about the effects of religion on subjective wellbeing although religious denomination is increasingly used as an important explanation of different developments in modern societies. In this study it is assessed whether religious denomination affects happiness through application of the European Social Survey that covers 2002-2018. Descriptive results indicate a advantage for Protestants. Once we control background factors, this advantage is considerably reduced. Although the advantage is statistically significant it has a low magnitude, and the happiness across religions is practically the same. In contrast, there is a huge effect of the degree of religiosity, while prayer load and the frequency of visiting places of worship are negligible. Results are generally stable across survey years and countries.

Heat transfer is of vital importance because of its application in industries. A new nanofluid class called "hybrid nanofluid" is being used to boost ordinary fluids' heat transfer capabilities and has a higher heat exponent than nanofluids. The hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) are associated with two-element nanoparticles immersed in a base fluid. The steady hybrid nanofluid flowing and thermal transport characteristics passed overhead a slippery surface are investigated in this research. The impact of nanosolid particle shapes, Porosity material, heat source, viscous dissipative flow, and radiative flux are also involved in this examination. In a regime of partial-differential equations (PDEs), the predominant flow equations are formulated. Keller-box's computational technique is the utilized method to detect the self-similar solution for formulas transformed into ordinary-differential equations (ODEs) through appropriate transmutations. Williamson hybrid nanofluid has been considered for this work, which consists of double diverse kinds of nanoparticle, Copper (Cu) and Silicon dioxide (SiO2) in the rich viscous based fluid of kind EO (Engine Oil). The noteworthy result of this analysis is that the comparing thermal transmission level of such kind of fluid (SiO2-Cu/EO) which has progressively more upsurges as compared to traditional nanofluids (Cu-EO). The lamina-shaped elements cause the utmost important thermal conductivity in the boundary- layer, whilst the lowermost thermal conductivity is detected in sphere shaped nanoparticles.

The principal goal of the present investigation is to inspect the flow characteristics of an electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid containing copper and graphene nanoparticles past a linearly stretched sheet with velocity slip condition at the interface. Since, the non-Newtonian fluid models result in a better understanding of the flow and heat transfer attributes of the nanofluids, therefore, non-Newtonian Maxwell nanofluid has been chosen as the base fluid in our study with an unsteady magnetic field applied at a certain angle to the direction of the flow. Consideration of thermal radiation along with heat absorption under the mutual influence of viscous and Joule dissipations is one of the key features of this research investigation. With the help of similarity transformations, the governing flow equations have been converted into a system of coupled non-dimensional differential equations. After that, Shooting method along with Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg numerical technique is employed to find the solutions for velocity and temperature of the hybrid nanofluid. The obtained numerical results are well demonstrated with a number of graphs and tables. Apart from this numerical technique, a statistical method is implemented of multiple quadratic regression estimation analysis on the various graphs of skin friction coefficient and wall temperature gradient to establish the connection among physical entities and heat transfer rate. The applications of this investigation in solar energy, ventilation, heating as well as refrigeration , medical science, defence sector etc. Some noteworthy findings include that Maxwell parameter, velocity slip and porosity have a tendency to reduce the hybrid nanofluid velocity whereas graphene Maxwell hybrid nanofluid’s temperature is getting enhanced for rising the values of magnetic field’s inclination angle, radiation, unsteadiness parameters, Biot number and viscous dissipation whereas a reverse trend is visible for heat absorption parameter. Furthermore, the permeability of the porous medium has a more significant impact on changing the nanofluid velocity than that of magnetic parameter whereas the rate of heat transfer is high sensitive for thermal radiation than that of viscous dissipation. As per authors’ knowledge there is no such attempt where the mutual effects of hybrid Maxwell nanofluid (graphene and copper), porous media and viscous dissipation have been considered.

The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of a nanocomposite from Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and to further demonstrate its mechanism of action in RA induced RA by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). and it was diagnosed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed the emergence of new diffraction levels for nanocomposites, which clearly indicates the success of the loading process. X-ray evaluation clearly showed the severity of joint deformity according to the extent of osteoarthritis, joint spaces, soft tissue inflammation, subchondral erosion, and articular sclerosis. The immunological results indicated that the induction of rheumatoid arthritis (RF) in male G2 white rats led to a significant (P

The current study aimed to know the protective effect of the aqueous extract of Cinnamon zeylanicum and the free Cinnamon nanocomplex loaded with MTX treatment to reduce the effect of arthritis induced with Complete Freunds (CFA Adjuvant) in male albino rats by studying some changes in immunological and histological parameters. Atomic force microscope (AFM) revealed the appearance of changes in the surface of nanocomposites loaded with treatment. The immunological results indicated that the induction of rheumatoid arthritis (RF) in male white G2 rats led to a significant increase (P

In recent years, Building Information Modelling (BIM) is much popularized as construction design approach. It is very useful in providing the necessary information for any project before it is built. BIM implementation has demonstrated several merits; however practitioners have also reported some demerits and barriers which restrict the adoption of BIM in the construction industry. This study assessed the merits, demerits and barrier to implementation of BIM in the construction industry of Pakistan. Data collected form 42 practitioners involved in handling construction BIM based construction projects was analyzed statistically with average index method. The results showed that significant merits of the BIM as perceived by the practitioners are BIM helps in improving quality of Work; BIM is useful in controlling time and cost of the project; and helps in achieving client satisfaction. At the same time, the respondents mentioned BIM adds work for the designer and Interoperability as the significant demerits. Assessment regarding the barriers to BIM showed that top 3 common barriers are: lack of competent staff to operate the software; unawareness of the technology; and not ready to distort normal operational structure. These findings will help the practitioner to take necessary measurement for enhancing the implementation of BIM in the construction industry.

Construction waste is a global concern among the practitioners and has got attention of the researchers for many years. This issue is serious in construction industry of Pakistan also and various researchers have contributed in addressing it. This paper identified design and procurement related factors and assessed their risk level in causing construction waste. Data was collected through questionnaire survey amongst the practitioners from client consultants and contractors working on construction projects in Karachi and Hyderabad division of the Sind province. A total of 72 completed questionnaire forms were analysed and the results shows that 8 of the 20 factors are highly important factors and fall in the red zone of the risk matrix. It was also observed that last minute client requirements is reported as most important factor in design related issues while “items not in compliance with specification” is the most risk factor in the category of the procurement. Besides these, “last minute client requirements” and “Mistakes in quantity surveys” are the key factors which have significant effect on project cost. The findings of this study will be helpful for the practitioner to improve design and procurement quality for controlling the waste generation.

Quantifying spatial and temporal fluxes of phosphorus (P) within and among agricultural production systems is critical for sustaining agricultural production while minimizing environmental impacts. To better understand P fluxes in agricultural landscapes, P-FLUX, a detailed and harmonized dataset of P inputs, outputs, and budgets, as well as estimated uncertainties for each P flux and budget, was developed. Data were collected from 24 research sites and 61 production systems through the Long-term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network and partner organizations spanning 22 U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces. The objectives of this paper are to (a) present and provide a description of the P-FLUX dataset, (b) provide summary analyses of the agricultural production systems included in the dataset and the variability in P inputs and outputs across systems, and (c) provide details for accessing the dataset, dataset limitations, and an example of future use. P-FLUX includes information on select site characteristics (area, soil series), crop rotation, P inputs (P application rate, source, timing, placement, P in irrigation water, atmospheric deposition), P outputs (crop removal, hydrologic losses), P budgets (agronomic budget, overall budget), uncertainties associated with each flux and budget, and data sources. Phosphorus fluxes and budgets vary across agricultural production systems and are useful resources to improve P use efficiency and develop management strategies to mitigate environmental impacts of agricultural systems. P-FLUX is available for download through the USDA Ag Data Commons (https://doi.org/10.15482/USDA.ADC/1523365).

Effects of coupling channel on elastic scattering have been studied using the nuclear potential Woods-Saxon (WS) for 6He+208Pb, 7Be+58Ni and 7Li+59Co systems. The Continuum-discretized coupled-channels CDCC method have been used to employed no coupled and coupled-channels (CC) calculations for unstable projectiles. Cross-sections of elastic scattering were extracted from the optical potential fits, to achieve the optimum comparability between the theoretical estimates of dσel/dσR and empirical values for the systems reviewed. The breakup process at near Coulomb barrier energies play essential role in the results of cross section as a function of angle and energy in addition to the distribution of the barrier.

Background: Gadobenate and gadoxetate demonstrate different degrees of intracellular accumulation within hepatocytes, potentially impacting these agents' relative performance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. Objective: To perform an intraindividual comparison of gadobenate-enhanced MRI and gadoxetate-enhanced MRI for detection of HCC, and to assess the impact of inclusion of hepatobiliary phase images on HCC detection for both agents. Methods: This prospective study enrolled 126 patients (112 men, 14 women; mean age 52.3 years) at high risk for HCC who consented to undergo two 3-T liver MRI examinations [one using gadobenate (0.05 mmol/kg), one using gadoxetate (0.025 mmol/kg)], separated by 7-14 days. The order of the two contrast agents was randomized. All examinations included post-contrast dynamic and hepatobiliary phase images (120 minutes for gadobenate; 20 minutes for gadoxetate). Three radiologists independently reviewed the gadobenate and gadoxetate examinations in separate sessions and recorded the location of detected observations. Observations were classified using LI-RADS version 2018 and using a LI-RADS modification whereby hepatobiliary phase hypointensity may upgrade observations from LR-4 to LR-5. Observations classified as LR-5 were considered positive interpretations for HCC. Diagnostic performance for histologically confirmed HCC (n=96) was assessed. Results: Across readers, sensitivity for HCC using dynamic images alone was 74.0%-80.2% for gadobenate versus 54.2%-67.7% for gadoexetate and using dynamic and hepatobiliary phase images was 82.1%-87.4% for gadobenate versus 66.3%-81.1% for gadoxetate. For HCCs measuring 1.0-2.0 cm, sensitivity using dynamic images alone was 61.9% (all readers) for gadobenate versus 38.1%-57.1% for gadoxetate and using dynamic and hepatobiliary phase images was 76.2%-85.7% for gadobenate versus 52.4%-61.9% for gadoxetate. PPV for HCC ranged from 88.6%-97.4% across readers, agents, and image sets. Conclusion: Sensitivity for HCC was higher for gadobenate than for gadoxetate, whether using dynamic images alone or dynamic and hepatobiliary phase images; the improved sensitivity using gadobenate was more pronounced for small HCCs. While hepatobiliary phase images improved sensitivity for both agents, sensitivity of gadobenate using dynamic images alone compared favorably with that of gadoxetate using dynamic and hepatobiliary phase images. Clinical Impact: The findings support gadobenate as a preferred agent over gadoxetate when performing liver MRI in patients at high risk for HCC.

The dynamic effects of breakup Channel on for 8B+58Ni, 9Be+64Zn, and 12C+208Pb systems in elastic scattering reactions have been studied by calculating two quantities, which are the cross-section of the scattering and the distribution of the scattering barrier as functions of the angle of the center of the block and the energy of the center of the mass of some selected systems whose nuclei are Weakly Bound. The calculations are based on continuum discretized coupled-channel (CDCC) theory using code (CC) full quantum mechanics. The interpretation of the experimental findings was evaluated in the context of the optical model using the Woods-Saxon potential. both real and imaginary. In the context of the optical model of the real and imaginary parts, the interpretation of experimental results was analyzed using Woods-Saxon potential. The uncoupling and coupling channels (CC) have been calculated with the energy center Ec.m. to achieve the maximum consistency with experimental data for the systems being studied. The effect of breakup channel is giving a good description of results to be in agreement with experimental data.

Activated carbon is loaded with 2 totally different metals: Ce and iron. The catalyst was characterised by Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and Fourier rework Infrared (FTIR). The discharged conditioner had the best area and pore volume of 1100 m2/g and 0.3 cm3/g, respectively.AC/Ce/Fe achieved the best kerosene adsorption performance (75%) though the lowest surface area and pore volume of 965.7608 m2/g and 0.39 cm3/g due to the acidic sites required for adsorption of sulfur compounds. Batch experiments with AC/Ce/Fe showed a high adsorption capacity. These experiments were designed by Minitab Response Surface Methodology RSM 2019. The Analysis of variance ANOVA shows that the concentration of H2O2 has most significant effect on the sulfur removal followed by reaction time and temperature, respectively. The model optimization was set its parameters additives 10 ml H2O2, temperature 80 0C and time 5 hr.