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This article provides insights into the strategies used by a group of university students of Canarian origin to perform the speech act of apologizing. Though Canarian Spanish has been recognised as one of the most deeply studied dialects in the Hispanic world (Medina 1996; Álvarez 1996; Corrales, Álvarez and Corbella 2007), little has been said about this variety at the socio-pragmatic level, and, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have been carried out on the issue of speech acts, let alone about apologies in Canarian Spanish. This article attempts to start filling this gap by describing the most frequent apology strategies used by one hundred university students at the ULPGC (Canary Islands, Spain) when apologizing in eight different situations. Following the lines of many other studies, we obtained the data through the application of a Discourse Completion Test, slightly adapted from the well-known CCSARP (Cross-cultural Speech Act Realisation Project). Gender differences are explored, along with the role of other situational factors such as degree of familiarity between the participants, severity of the offense and age of the offended person. Suggestions for further work in the fields of intercultural pragmatics and EFL teaching and learning are also given.

Resumen Introduccion Los objetivos principales del estudio fueron dos: a) identificar la prevalencia de sintomas depresivos y de ansiedad y trastornos del sueno en pacientes jovenes con infeccion por VIH de transmision vertical en comparacion con un grupo de pares no infectados, y b) identificar factores sociodemograficos, psicosociales y relacionados con la medicacion y otros factores de riesgo y protectores relacionados con los sintomas psicologicos. Metodos Estudio transversal en dos grupos con medidas independientes: 36 sujetos con VIH (transmision vertical) y 39 sin VIH (no infectados). Se emplearon tres instrumentos de evaluacion estandarizados y un cuestionario sociodemografico/psicosocial (STAI, BDI, PSQI y test sociodemografico adaptado). Se realizo analisis univariante y multivariante. Resultados El analisis univariante no revelo diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos en las variables psicosociales o las escalas clinicas. El analisis multivariante encontro que los sintomas psicologicos se asociaban con fuerza a factores sociodemograficos y experiencias del pasado. Conclusiones El entorno y las variables psicosociales parecen estar asociados mas estrechamente con los sintomas psicologicos que el estado de VIH y podrian explicar mejor el estado psicologico actual del individuo.

Introduction The aim of the study was twofold: a) to determine the prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety and sleep disturbances in young patients with vertically-transmitted HIV infection compared to uninfected peers, and b) to identify sociodemographic, psychosocial and medication-related variables and other clinical risk and protective factors related to psychological symptoms. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in two groups with independent measures (36 youth with vertically transmitted HIV infection and 39 HIV-negative peers). We used 3 standardised assessment tools and a sociodemographic/psychosocial questionnaire (STAI, BDI, PSQI and adapted sociodemographic test). We performed univariate and multivariable analyses. Results The univariate analysis did not find significant differences between groups either in psychosocial factors or in the clinical scores. The multivariable analysis found that the presence of psychological symptoms was strongly associated with sociodemographic factors and past events. Conclusions Psychosocial factors and the social environment seemed to correlate more strongly to psychological symptoms than HIV status and to explain better the current psychological state of individuals.

Over the past few years, neuroimaging studies have been performed in young adults with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) to study the impact of HIV infection on the central nervous system (CNS), but no recent review have been published. This review aims to identify brain areas where PHIV eems to have greater impact taking into account demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics in PHIV infected patients. For this purpose, PubMed and Medline searches were carried out which included studies from 2010 to April 2020. We performed a systematic review and included 26 articles using structural (brain morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging) and functional magnetic resonance imaging methods involving 1182 PHIV-infected participants. Ample evidence has been provided of HIV effects on underlying brain structure. However, information recorded in the studies is commonly incomplete and results sometimes contradictory. In addition to future improvements and dissemination of tools for the developing brain MRI processing and analysis, the inclusion of data related to HIV infection itself (including clinical and immunovirological characteristics as well as detailed information about antiretroviral treatment such as age at ART initiation) may be of vital importance to the better understanding of the impact of the disease on CNS.

The present work aims to study which factors are relevant in the long-term mate selection, from a Lonely-hearts personal advertisement sample of Spanish-speaking consumers of Cosmopolitan Magazine´s Colombian Edition. We analyzed 1468 publications (770 men and 698 women) using a coding system based on the theories of sexual strategies, genetic quality indicators and the preferences classification used in personal ads studies. Initially, we found trends as a greater predilection for psychological attributes and a greater demand to require more traits than offering them. In addition, the cross-cultural pattern demonstrated that men prefer women’s physical characteristics, while women require status/resources by men. Finally, men tended to be more selective in the age range of 36-45 years, while women’s selectivity decreased with age. The results replicate many of the patterns found in investigations related to human sexual selection, also bring enlightenment about new preference dimensions to study in the future. How to cite this article: Moreno, L., Gutiérrez, G., Cruz, J., Javela, L., Gonzáles, M., & Rodríguez, J. (2022).Long-term Mate Selection in Latin America: Evidence from Lonely-Heart Ads. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 31 (1), 77-92. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n1.89118

[Abstract] Archaea are a domain of prokaryotic organisms that often inhabit extremophilic environments. Their enzymes are therefore of enormous biotechnological interest, due to their stability and activity in harsh conditions. Although bioprospection by the metagenomics of extreme environments has yielded many novel xylanases (endo-xylanases and β-xylosidades), most show a highest sequence similarity to bacteria or unculturable microorganisms and not to archaea. This graphical review focuses on the very promising but underexploited (hyper)thermophilic archaeal xylanases. There are only a few examples of xylanases isolated from culturable archaea. So far, 5 different (hyper)thermophilic archaeal strains with xylanase activity have been described, of which 4 present endo-xylanase activity and one shows both endo-xylanase and β-xylosidase activity. All of them show enzymatic activity under a high optimum temperature, neutral optimum pH (with one exception). These facts, together with the important applications of xylanases, reveal archaeal extremophilic xylanases to be a hidden treasure of biotechnology. Bioprospection of archaeal endo-xylanases constitutes a relatively unexploited field, full of potential. This research was funded by XUNTA DE GALICIA “Consolidación GRC” co-financed by FEDER, Grant No ED431C 2020/08; and MINISTERIO DE CIENCIA, INNOVACIÓN Y UNIVERSIDADES (MICINN), Grant Number RTI2018-099249-B-I00 Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2020/08

Introducción: el profesionalismo es clave para construir la identidad de los profesionales sanitarios. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido conocer en un colectivo de residentes, la influencia de la primera ola de la pandemia por SARS-CoV2 en sus competencias del profesionalismo. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal mediante cuestionario electrónico, remitido a 167 residentes, para medir su percepción sobre el impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en el profesionalismo, con una escala verbal de cuatro niveles: excelente, por encima de lo esperado, lo esperado, por debajo de lo esperado. Se realizó, además, una pregunta abierta de “reflexión personal” analizada cualitativamente mediante un proceso de triangulación. La encuesta se hizo en el Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón en los dos meses siguientes a la primera ola pandémica. Resultados: respondieron 59 residentes (35,3%) de 21 especialidades. Sus lugares de trabajo fueron muy variados. Los atributos del profesionalismo valorados por encima de esperado o excelente fueron: trabajo en equipo (74,6%), empatía (71,2%) y responder a las necesidades del paciente por encima de las propias (69,5%). Se encontró por debajo de lo esperado la gestión de las emociones (22%). Discusión: la pandemia COVID-19 ha contribuido a reforzar la identidad profesional de los residentes, manifestándose a través de muchas dimensiones del profesionalismo. La gestión de las emociones fue la que obtuvo menor valoración.

In recent years, the knowledge management approach of the firm has emerged as the central theoretical perspective intended to address the question of adaptation to technological change. As for theoretical and practical implications, we proposed a comprehensive model that provides an integrative outlook on how the relationships between digitalization and knowledge management strategy predetermine the business results of the firm. To this purpose, we empirically analyzed the effect of digitalization on knowledge management, and how this contributes to the improvement of the company’s results in the IT, technology, consulting, and programming sectors by testing the hypotheses through the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach to Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). A group of 620 companies was targeted for collecting the data by quantitative means of analysis—a questionnaire. The final sample was composed of 78 companies, which corresponds to 12.58% (response rate). The research findings offer an explicit foundation, on which to base future research efforts in evaluating the ways companies should approach digital transformation, strengthen the knowledge management role in this process, develop the digital and innovation capabilities, and finally, ameliorate the effects on business performance, what also represents a certain value for the executives or individuals in the workplace.

The dataset of the metagenome supporting the conclusions of this article is available in the MG-RAST repository: https://www.mg-rast.org/linkin.cgi?project=mgp84238 (accessed on 3 October 2022). [Abstract] The northwest of Spain has an abundance of non-volcanic hot springs that, until recently, had only been used for thermalism activities. One of such hot springs, Muiño da Veiga, has now been explored using metagenomics to study the microbial community that inhabits these high-temperature circumneutral continental waters. Sequencing of the metagenome allowed the characterization of its composition, diversity, metabolic connections and potential as a source for thermozymes, as well as its ability to assemble MAGs. A diverse microbial community dominated by Bacteria domain members was revealed, particularly from the early-branching Aquificales group. The most abundant genus was Sulfurihydrogenibium, known for its implication in sulfur cycling and for forming mats that enable novel niches. The variety of primary producers with autotrophic pathways (and specifically the sulfur oxidizing pathway) expands the range of available nutrients, and the increase in biomass forms thicker mats, resulting in more available niches and broader microbial diversity. Nonetheless, certain metabolic pathways were attributed to less abundant members of the microbial community, reinforcing the idea that the rare biosphere plays important roles in the network of interactions present in an ecosystem and acts as genetic reservoirs. In addition, three of the assembled MAGs represent novel microbial diversity found in this hot spring. Moreover, the presence of enzymes and microorganisms with possible biotechnological applications was confirmed, including proteases, lipases and cell-wall degrading enzymes, pointing to the potential for the hot spring as a source for thermozymes. This research was funded by XUNTA DE GALICIA “Consolidación GRC” co-financed by FEDER, Grant Number ED431C 2020/08, and MINISTERIO DE CIENCIA, INNOCACIÓN Y UNIVERSIDADES (MICINN), Grant Number RTI2018-099249-B-I00. J.-J.E.-R. received a predoctoral fellowship from UNIVERSIDADE DA CORUÑA/INDITEX “Axudas para estadías predoutorais INDITEX-UDC 2016”, budget identification 0400470001 422D 48700. J.-J.E.-R. received a predoctoral fellowship from CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS AVANZADAS/INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA DE A CORUÑA. “Agrupación CICA-INIBIC: ayudas para estancias pre y postdoctorales 2016”, budget identification 6100240002 541A 6490211 Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2020/08 https://www.mg-rast.org/linkin.cgi?project=mgp84238

Resumen Objetivos Conocer la prevalencia de enfermedad renal cronica (ERC) y determinar los factores asociados al deterioro de la funcion renal en poblacion asistida en atencion primaria. Pacientes y metodo Estudio transversal y multicentrico realizado en los pacientes basales del estudio IBERICAN (identificacion de la poblacion espanola de riesgo cardiovascular y renal). Se considero ERC a un filtrado glomerular estimado (FGe) Resultados Se incluyeron 7.895 pacientes (edad media 57,9 ± 14,8 anos; 54,5% mujeres). El 14,4% (IC 95%: 13,6-15,1) presentaba ERC; en hombres un 16,1% (IC 95%: 14,9-17,3) y en mujeres un 12,9% (IC 95%: 11,9-14,0). Se observo un aumento continuo de la prevalencia con la edad (24,8% ≥ 65 anos) y con la agregacion de FRCV. Las variables que mas se asociaron a la probabilidad de padecer ERC fueron hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (OR: 1,95; p Conclusiones Catorce de cada 100 pacientes incluidos en el estudio IBERICAN presenta ERC. La prevalencia de ERC afecta a la cuarta parte de pacientes ≥ 65 anos y aumenta exponencialmente con la agregacion de FRCV.

[Abstract] Functional screenings were conducted on two metagenomic libraries from hot springs in order to find novel thermozymes with potential biotechnological applications. These included enzymes acting on plant cell walls such as endoglucanases and exoglucanases, β-glucosidases, xylanases, and β-xylosidases, and broad application enzymes such as proteases and lipolytic hydrolases. Of all the enzymes found by this bioprospection, we selected a novel lipolytic enzyme for further characterization. The protein was found to belong to the SGNH/GDSL family of hydrolases. It was purified and its biochemical parameters determined. We found that the enzyme was most active at 60 °C and pH 9 using pNP-laurate as substrate and was highly thermostable. It also showed preference for short-chained substrates and activation with temperature and with certain detergents such as Tween 80. Proteins of this family of hydrolases are relevant for their broad substrate specificity, that coupled with this protein’s high temperature optima, broad pH range, and thermostability further highlights its biotechnological potential. This research received financial support from XUNTA DE GALICIA “Consolidación GRC” co-financed by FEDER [Grant Number ED431C 2020/08], and MINISTERIO DE CIENCIA, INNOVACIÓN Y UNIVERSIDADES (MICINN) [Grant Number RTI2018-099249-B-I00] Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2020/08