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Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a rare developmental disorder associated with defects such as syndactyly, facial and/or palatal clefts, and dental anomalies like malformed or impacted teeth. In this report, a patient with ABS was successfully treated with orthodontic, endodontic, and periodontal therapies. Cone beam computed tomography revealed a unique eruptive path of the impacted central incisor through the incisive canal and cleft area. The tooth was occlusally and functionally stable after 1 year of treatment. Multidisciplinary care was critical to the success of this case. Available literature on ABS is also briefly reviewed.

Aim: Pediatric cancers are characterized by high cure rate and rarity of cancers of epithelial origin. There's a significant heterogeneity in the histologic variants of pediatric cancers as we consider different age groups. This study aims at analyzing the profile of malignancies in children under two years of age. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective data analysis done over a period of five years starting from January 2009, at a cancer center in South India. Histopathological confirmation was made mandatory for all cases. Malignancies were classified based on the International Classification of Childhood Cancer. Results: Males were more commonly affected. Acute leukemia was the most common malignancy in this age group followed by Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma. Treatment refusal/abandonment rate was relatively high with 37% opting out.

Le parti du peuple indien (Bharatiya Janata Party, BJP) a remporte les elections nationales de 2015 a une majorite ecrasante, conduisant au pouvoir Narendra Modi et balayant toute opposition. Il n’existe actuellement pas de chef de file reconnu de l’opposition a la Chambre du peuple. On s’attendait a ce que le nouveau gouvernement, de droite, annonce des changements et des initiatives en matiere d’education, conformement a son ideologie et a sa source d’inspiration ideologique – le Rashtriya ...

Purpose Intraoral scanners can be used to scan dental study casts, to help reduce office storage space and facilitate model retrieval when necessary. The goals of this study were to compare the time necessary to scan mandibular yellow dental casts with and without titanium dioxide powder (TDP) and orthodontic type III white stone dental casts using an intraoral scanner. Materials and methods The study sample included 30 mandibular yellow stone dental casts scanned without TDP (group A) and scanned with TDP (group B) and 30 orthodontic type III white stone dental casts (group C). All casts were scanned with a Lava Chairside Oral Scanner. Scanning sessions were timed and recorded to the closest second and then converted into minutes and seconds. Descriptive statistics, a paired and an independent-sample t test, and Bonferroni correction were applied to the multiple tests. Results More time was required to scan yellow dental casts without powder than to scan dental casts with powder ( P P Conclusion Intraoral dental scanners can be used to scan both yellow and white dental casts. It is time efficient for clinicians to use TDP if they are using yellow stone casts. The scanning time with orthodontic type III white stone is less than with yellow stone casts.

Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is being extensively used in orthodontics for diagnostic and treatment planning, especially in complex clinical conditions. The objective of this study was to review the English language literature for current applications and trends of CBCT in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. Several electronic databases were searched with the primary words: "orthodontics and radiography" and "cone beam computed tomography" or "CBCT." Abstracts that appeared to fulfill our inclusion criteria were selected, and the complete articles were obtained. Twenty-eight abstracts initially met our search criteria, and 12 were selected for the review. Ten articles were later added to the list after hand searching the references. It was concluded that there is a need for prospective randomized clinical trials to evaluate the risk/benefit ratio of CBCT, such as higher cost, greater risk for radiation dose (compared to digital panoramic and cephalograms) versus superior diagnosis and treatment outcomes.

L’Inde presente un paysage linguistique varie, avec plus de 1652 langues, dont 47 sont utilisees comme langues d’enseignement a l’ecole. Du fait de la colonisation britannique, l’anglais est traditionnellement une langue dominante dans les espaces social, culturel, economique et educatif. La dependance accrue au secteur prive pour pourvoir des emplois et repondre aux aspirations sociales a ravive ce phenomene. L’article retrace l’emergence de l’education en langue maternelle dans l’espace politique, par rapport a l’anglais et en tant qu’affirmation des politiques identitaires regionales. Une deuxieme tension tient au statut dominant des langues regionales vis-a-vis des groupes linguistiques et ethniques minoritaires. Les changements recents au sein des Etats suggerent que le consensus politique anterieur a ete rompu et qu’un nouveau consensus doit etre bâti, adapte aux realites actuelles et a leurs enjeux, politique, economique et culturel.

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute, severe and life-threatening metabolic complication of diabetes. Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a clinical audit of the management of DKA based on the hospital protocol in the selected secondary care hospital. Design: An observational retrospective longitudinal study design was used to review the data of the patients admitted with DKA. Settings: The study was conducted in a secondary care government hospital, which has 200 beds, including 48 beds in medical ward and 6 beds in the high dependency unit. Materials and Methods: A survey questionnaire was used based on local hospital protocol, and the data was collected from patients admission notes between January 2010 and December 2014, using electronic patients records. Outcome Measures: The study looked at outcomes such as how DKA protocol was followed, complications, adherence, causes, investigations carried out or not, severity, readmissions, and duration of the stay. Sample Size: The audit selected 49 patients from a total of 83 admission notes with DKA who fits the sampling criteria. Results: Of 49 patients, 38 patients were having type 1 diabetes mellitus and 11 patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus. The most common cause in both groups is omission of insulin. Intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride was initiated in the early first hour of diagnosis of DKA for most patients. Readmission rate was 25%. Insulin was commenced in less than 1h for two-thirds of the total patients. Poor adherence to the protocol such as monitoring serum sodium bicarbonate, serum potassium levels and replacement of potassium levels in the early period of management were observed. Conclusion: Continued evidence-based practice and education for medical and paramedical staffs is needed to reduce the complications of DKA and efficiently resolve DKA, improve patient outcomes, and reduce the length of hospital stay. New DKA protocol has been introduced in the hospital as the result of this audit.

Aims: To calculate the relative distance between the incisive canal and maxillary central incisors using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and utilize the results in treatment planning in a clinical setting. Methods and Materials: A retrospective study was conducted on CBCT taken for other purposes in the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department. All the quantitative measurements were performed between the incisive canal and both maxillary central incisors using CBCT on 61 subjects. The anterior-posterior measurements were taken on both sides and the average of both values was considered for the statistical analysis. All the linear measurements were performed on the axial plane at three different vertical reference points located on the sagittal plane. Statistical Analysis: The interexaminer reliability was tested by interclass correlation coefficient using two-way mixed and absolute agreement model. The comparison of linear measurement among each level was done by “Repeated measure ANOVA” and contrast method was used for pair-wise comparison when repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was significant. Results: The average anterior-posterior distance between the maxillary central incisor roots and the incisive canal measured was approximately 5–6 mm. The incisive canal width increases from the root apex level of maxillary central incisors (P3) to the oral opening level of the incisive canal (P1). Conclusions: The results of our study could be helpful in a clinical setting requires significant retraction of maxillary incisors or implant placement in maxillary anterior region.