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The article "Sexual Feelings in the Psychotherapy Room: Comparing Their Occurrence in Patients With Unipolar Depression, Bipolar Disorder, and Neither of These" discusses the impact of sexual challenges faced by individuals with bipolar disorder on their quality of life and families. It emphasizes the need for tailored sexual health interventions and the recognition of these issues in diagnostic and therapeutic contexts. The study explores the occurrence of erotic behaviors in therapy sessions among patients with different diagnoses, highlighting the importance of managing patient sexuality within the therapeutic setting. The research aims to shed light on the prevalence of these attitudes and behaviors and their correlations with specific mental disorders, emphasizing the need for disorder-specific approaches to managing sexuality in therapy. [Extracted from the article]

The article "Demonstrating Research Quality" published in the Journal of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing emphasizes the importance of rigorous research methodology in producing valuable and impactful research papers. The authors stress the significance of transparency, reproducibility, and excellence in research design and execution, particularly in the field of mental health nursing. The article discusses the evaluation of research quality in publicly funded universities, highlighting the criteria of originality, significance, and rigor in assessing the quality of research publications. Additionally, the text provides insights into ensuring scientific excellence in both quantitative and qualitative research approaches to enhance the overall quality and relevance of research findings. [Extracted from the article]

The editorial in Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica discusses the Special Issue on Digital Psychiatry, highlighting the gap between mental health service demand and availability globally. It emphasizes the potential of mobile and wireless technologies to transform health service delivery and the role of new technologies in extending care. The editorial explores how digital tools, including wearable devices, telepsychiatric platforms, and virtual reality, are reshaping mental health care delivery, accessibility, and research methodologies. It also discusses the concept of digital phenotyping and the potential benefits of AI-enabled programs in mental health care. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the case of a 15-year-old girl with bipolar disorder and polycystic ovary syndrome who experienced premenstrual exacerbations of mood symptoms. The patient was treated with oral progesterone, lithium, and quetiapine, which resulted in stabilization of her mood. The study highlights the potential benefits of progesterone therapy for adolescents with premenstrual exacerbations of bipolar disorder and polycystic ovary syndrome, emphasizing the need for further research on optimal treatment protocols. [Extracted from the article]

The importance of embedding participatory methods within youth mental health research is well accepted and often a funding prerequisite. However, we argue that there is a need to revisit the core values of the approach in order to ensure that participatory methods remain meaningful, effective and authentic. This should entail rigorously examining 'why' and 'how' to approach participatory methods ‐ not merely outlining the 'what' and 'when'. We need to prioritise the naturalistic epistemic advantage youth can bring to our research, assigning them a unique collaborative role to reflect this rather than seeking to professionalise our participants. Similarly, we should explore innovative methods to empower youth to apply their lived experience and knowledge alongside the researcher. Equally, we must continue to reflect on our roles as researcher, ensuring we develop the skills necessary for participatory research with children and young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite progress in youth involvement in mental health research, considerable gaps remain in our understanding, conceptualisation, and implementation of involving children and young people in this field. This Editorial Perspective reflects on how these gaps present challenges to our research practices and often serve as barriers to meaningfully involving youth voices and experiences into the research process. We take a critical perspective to recent advances in the field of youth involvement in mental health research, reflected by the studies included in this special issue, and highlight examples of good practice paving the way for more equitable and inclusive approaches. Meaningful progress in mental health research relies on the active involvement of young people. Researchers, practitioners and policymakers have an ethical and moral responsibility to create a safe and inclusive environment that empowers young people to participate in research that impacts their lives, care, and overall quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hurricane Harvey was the second costliest storm to impact the U.S. More research is needed to understand the mental health consequences of these extreme events in children and adolescents extending beyond the acute recovery period. Daily anonymized Crisis Text Line (CTL) conversations were used to understand patterns in crisis responses for youth one year before and after Harvey's landfall. A quasi-experimental difference-in-differences analysis compared changes in texts for stress/anxiety, depression, thoughts of suicide, and self-harm following Harvey between exposed and unexposed youth in Texas. CTL users with Texas-based area codes (N = 23,016) were compriesd largely of youth who self-identified as female (78.1 %), 14–17 year old (50.4 %), white (38.9 %), and LGBTQ+ (51.2 %). We observed parallel increases in crisis texts for depression and thoughts of suicide in most months following Harvey among exposed and unexposed youth. However, non-impacted youth had significantly larger increases in texts for depression up to three months post-Harvey and thoughts of suicide one year after Harvey compared to directly impacted communities. Sample size was restricted to texters who completed the post-conversation demographics survey, who may fundamentally differ from those who declined to respond. Harvey exposure was determined using texter area code and county-level disaster declarations, limiting our ability to guarantee individual-level exposure. Texas youth traditionally considered unexposed experienced nearly identical increases in concerns of depression and thoughts of suicide to those directly exposed. Findings suggest spillover effects (e.g., economic concerns, media exposure) may contribute to statewide impacts on youth mental health after natural disasters. • More research on mental health impacts of climate disasters in youth is needed. • Causal difference-in-difference model measured crisis response in youth post-Harvey. • Depression and thoughts of suicide increased statewide in Texas youth after Harvey. • Findings suggest need for broader dissemination of crisis support services in youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mental health is an issue of social and economic importance. Sociocultural and scholarly attention has largely focused on the negative aspects of mental health. That is, on mental disorders and illness and how they adversely impact our lives. In contrast, this paper forms part of a recent alternative empirical perspective in discourse-based research, by focusing on the positive aspects of mental health. In this article, we investigate how end-of-life care workers construct their positive psychological states. Methods: Our data are 38 audio-recorded and transcribed semi-structured interviews with end-of-life care workers from Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. We utilized thematic analysis to identify common categorial strands across the data and discourse analysis to identify the linguistic strategies that these interviewees used to talk about their mental health. Results: Our thematic analysis generated a superordinate theme across the interviews—namely, that of end-of-life care workers talking about their positive psychological states. We identify three generic ways that end-of-life care workers talked about these psychological states; by "foregrounding the positive," "reformulating the negative," and "dismissing the negative." Our analysis also explicates how interviewees connected social and organizational support to being a benefit to their psychological states. Conclusions: Our work contributes to existing discourse-based and sociolinguistic research on mental health by turning their focus towards a consideration of its positive dimensions. We also identify recurrent linguistics strategies used by people to construct their mental health. Our analyses point to the importance of investigating mental health as a multidimensional concept that considers participants' own reflections on their mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the context of stigma and mental health research, limited empirical studies examine stigma through the positioning of individuals within interview contexts. This study addresses this gap by investigating the positioning processes in interviews with mothers with a mental illness, with a specific focus on the use of contrast devices as a strategy identified through analysis. By analysing how mothers position themselves through contrast devices and to which discourses they refer, this study provides insights into how stigmatising discourses are evident in the narratives of mothers with a mental illness. Methods: This study is based on 20 semi-narrative interviews with mothers with a mental illness who participated in the Village Project (a pilot project co-created for children of parents with mental illness in Tyrol, Austria). Our analysis focuses on identifying stigmatising discourses related to motherhood and mental illness by examining the use of contrast devices in their accounts. Results: The analysis shows insights into mothers' efforts to distance themselves from labels such as 'bad mother', 'not normal/crazy women' and 'weak person'. These positions often carry a gendered dimension, with motherhood emerging as a central position. Our study highlights the challenges mothers with a mental illness face in navigating societal norms and expectations related to motherhood during research interviews. Conclusion: The research contributes to a deeper understanding of mental health stigma in the context of motherhood, emphasising the importance of considering gendered dynamics and societal expectations in mental health research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Previous research has highlighted the duality of self-consciousness, which simultaneously plays adaptive and maladaptive roles. This study aims to develop a measure that categorically distinguishes between different types of self-consciousness styles based on the Regulatory Focus Theory (RFT) and examines their relationship with mental health-related indicators. Methods: Data were gathered through an online mental health survey conducted at a University Student Counseling Center in Seoul. The study involved exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability and validity analysis, which resulted in the development of a 14-question Self-Consciousness Type Scale (SCTS). Results: Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses validated the twofactor structure of the SCTS. The fit indices of the final model indicated a good fit, with high internal consistency for both sub-factors. Convergent and discriminant validity were confirmed through correlations between the sub-scales. Cluster analysis identified four distinct subtypes of self-consciousness styles: Growthoriented, Defensive, Ambivalent, and Low-focus self-consciousness. Group difference analysis revealed significant differences in mental health-related variables among the subtypes, supporting the 2 × 2 model of prevention-focused and promotion-focused self-consciousness. Discussion: The findings support the SCTS as a valid measurement tool capable of distinguishing four distinct types of self-consciousness, aligning with the multidimensional model of self-consciousness. The study's limitations and implications were discussed based on the results, emphasizing the potential applications of the SCTS in mental health research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Police negotiators provide leadership and expertise in the de-escalation and resolution of critical incidents, including responding to individuals exhibiting suicidal behaviour. This study describes the frequency and characteristics of suicide-related negotiation incidents in Queensland, Australia as classified in the Queensland Police Service Negotiator Deployment Database, between 2012 and 2014. Incidents were analysed to understand the individuals involved and precipitating factors including mental health problems and intoxication with alcohol or drugs. Police negotiators were deployed to 156 suicide intervention incidents over a 3-year period, half of which occurred at a residence. The cohort had a median age of 32 years and were predominantly male (82%). Four out of five individuals appeared to have a mental health problem, and at least half were intoxicated due to drugs or alcohol. Findings highlight the importance of strong linkages between police, health and social services and the need for innovative and comprehensive, cross-agency programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) has been attracting attention in mental health practice and research. CFT is effective in reducing a variety of negative mental health symptoms. Positive mental health (PMH) focuses on an individual's functioning, quality of life, and well-being, aiming to achieve fulfilment. A need for PMH has been increasingly recognised such as national policies incorporating recovery-oriented approaches. However, how effective CFT is for PMH outcomes remains to be investigated. This narrative review aimed to identify the literature that reports evidence on CFT used against PMH outcomes. Methods: Our research questions (RQs) were as follows: RQ1. What PMH outcomes are targeted in CFT intervention research? RQ2. Is CFT effective for PMH?" Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched on the Ovid platform. All studies that mentioned "compassion focused therapy" and "compassion-focused therapy" were searched. Results: Sixteen RCTs were included published since 2012. Nine studies were from Europe, four from Asia, two from Northern America, and one from Australia and New Zealand. CFT was used for diverse PMH outcomes, and the effects were overall positive. Self-compassion and compassion were the most frequently evaluated outcomes. Conclusions: The mechanism of action for CFT on PMH needs to be evaluated. CFT can be used as part of personal recovery in mental health. More evidence from non-WEIRD countries including LMICs is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Formal Thought Disorder (FTD) is a recognised psychiatric symptom, yet its characterisation remains debated. This is problematic because it contributes to poor efficiency and heterogeneity in psychiatric research, with salient clinical impact. This study aimed to investigate expert opinion on the concept, measurement and clinical utility of FTD using the Delphi technique. Across three rounds, experts were queried on their definitions of FTD, methods for the assessment and measurement of FTD, associated clinical outcomes and treatment options. Responses were obtained from 56 experts, demonstrating varying levels of consensus across different aspects of FTD. While consensus (>80 %) was reached for some aspects on the concept of FTD, including its definition and associated symptomology and mechanisms, others remained less clear. Overall, the universal importance attributed to the clinical understanding, measurement and treatment of FTD was clear, although consensus was infrequent as to the reasons behind and methods for doing so. Our results contribute to the still elusive formal definition of FTD. The multitude of interpretations regarding these topics highlights the need for further clarity with this phenomenon. Our findings emphasised that the measurement and clinical utility of FTD are closely tied to the concept; hence, until there is agreement on the concept of FTD, difficulties with measuring and understanding its clinical usefulness to inform treatment interventions will persist. Future FTD research should focus on clarifying the factor structure and dimensionality to determine the latent structure and elucidate the core clinical phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schizophrenia continues its resistance to the pathogenetic understanding. We believe that one of the reasons is an oblivion of schizophrenia's characteristic Gestalt expressive of its psychopathological structure. In this article we argue for a crucial role of disorders of selfhood in the constitution of this Gestalt. First, we present a phenomenological account of the self. This is followed by an exposition of basic complaints in schizophrenia which are reflective of a disordered selfhood and which often date back to childhood. We then present characteristic features of the schizophrenic psychosis with its phenomenon of "double bookkeeping". Hallucinations, delusions and double bookkeeping are all associated with the instability of the self. Finally, we briefly address characteristic aspects of the encounter with a schizophrenia patient and argue that self-disorders play an important diagnostic role. We conclude by emphasizing the role of phenomenology in psychiatric research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, there has been growing empirical interest in examining the role of affect dynamics in mental health. However, research on affect has largely progressed independently in the basic and applied sciences, yielding significant advances in each domain but little cross-disciplinary integration. This special issue addresses this gap by showcasing some of the most promising recent developments in the field. The articles featured in this special issue offer insights into key innovations in affect dynamics and their potential implications for mental health interventions. Comprising a total of 17 articles, the issue is divided into two sections: Daily Life Assessment of Affect, encompassing seven articles, and In-Treatment Assessment of Affect, comprising 10 articles. In this editorial, we synthesize the contributions of these articles and propose a set of fundamental principles for conducting and interpreting research on the role of affect dynamics as mechanisms of change in mental health interventions. These principles encompass (a) the content of affect research related to mental health and its treatment (the What), (b) the timing of the assessment (the When), (c) the target populations under investigation (the Who), and (d) the methodologies employed (the How). The synthesis presented here, along with the articles featured in this special issue, holds significant potential to inform clinical research and practice on the role of affect dynamics in mental health interventions and stimulate future scientific inquiry in this important area. What is the public health significance of this article?: The synthesis provided in this article, in conjunction with the contributions found within this special issue, offers substantial potential to enrich both clinical research and practice concerning the role of affect dynamics in mental health interventions. Furthermore, it stands to inspire further scientific exploration in this vital domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some mental health problems such as depression and anxiety are more common in females, while others such as autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity (AD/H) are more common in males. However, the neurobiological origins of these sex differences are poorly understood. Animal studies have shown substantial sex differences in neuronal and glial cell structure, while human brain imaging studies have shown only small differences, which largely reflect overall body and brain size. Advanced diffusion MRI techniques can be used to examine intracellular, extracellular, and free water signal contributions and provide unique insights into microscopic cellular structure. However, the extent to which sex differences exist in these metrics of subcortical gray matter structures implicated in psychiatric disorders is not known. Here, we show large sex-related differences in microstructure in subcortical regions, including the hippocampus, thalamus, and nucleus accumbens in a large sample of young adults. Unlike conventional T1-weighted structural imaging, large sex differences remained after adjustment for age and brain volume. Further, diffusion metrics in the thalamus and amygdala were associated with depression, anxiety, AD/H, and antisocial personality problems. Diffusion MRI may provide mechanistic insights into the origin of sex differences in behavior and mental health over the life course and help to bridge the gap between findings from experimental, epidemiological, and clinical mental health research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental disorders are increasingly understood as involving complex alterations of self that emerge from dynamical interactions of constituent elements, including cognitive, bodily, affective, social, narrative, cultural and normative aspects and processes. An account of self that supports this view is the pattern theory of self (PTS). The PTS is a non-reductive account of the self, consistent with both embodied-enactive cognition and phenomenological psychopathology; it foregrounds the multi-dimensionality of subjects, stressing situated embodiment and intersubjective processes in the formation of the self-pattern. Indications in the literature already demonstrate the viability of the PTS for formulating an alternative methodology to better understand the lived experience of those suffering mental disorders and to guide mental health research more generally. This article develops a flexible methodological framework that front-loads the self-pattern into a minimally structured phenomenological interview. We call this framework ‘Examination of Self Patterns’ (ESP). The ESP is unconstrained by internalist or externalist assumptions about mind and is flexibly guided by person-specific interpretations rather than pre-determined diagnostic categories. We suggest this approach is advantageous for tackling the inherent complexity of mental health, the clinical protocols and the requirements of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pooling data from different sources will advance mental health research by providing larger sample sizes and allowing cross-study comparisons; however, the heterogeneity in how variables are measured across studies poses a challenge to this process. Methods: This study explored the potential of using natural language processing (NLP) to harmonise different mental health questionnaires by matching individual questions based on their semantic content. Using the Sentence-BERT model, we calculated the semantic similarity (cosine index) between 741 pairs of questions from five questionnaires. Drawing on data from a representative UK sample of adults (N = 2,058), we calculated a Spearman rank correlation for each of the same pairs of items, and then estimated the correlation between the cosine values and Spearman coefficients. We also used network analysis to explore the model's ability to uncover structures within the data and metadata. Results: We found a moderate overall correlation (r =.48, p <.001) between the two indices. In a holdout sample, the cosine scores predicted the real-world correlations with a small degree of error (MAE = 0.05, MedAE = 0.04, RMSE = 0.064) suggesting the utility of NLP in identifying similar items for cross-study data pooling. Our NLP model could detect more complex patterns in our data, however it required manual rules to decide which edges to include in the network. Conclusions: This research shows that it is possible to quantify the semantic similarity between pairs of questionnaire items from their meta-data, and these similarity indices correlate with how participants would answer the same two items. This highlights the potential of NLP to facilitate cross-study data pooling in mental health research. Nevertheless, researchers are cautioned to verify the psychometric equivalence of matched items. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study evaluates psychiatry and mental health publications in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region, specifically focusing on the Philippines from 1996 to 2023. Academic publication varies among ASEAN states, with Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand leading. Despite the 2018 Mental Health Act, the Philippines did not significantly increase research output. However, the COVID-19 pandemic spurred mental health research in the Philippines. This highlights the need for further research on barriers and research quality. Policymakers should consider these findings for regional mental health research strategies. The study also shows the research community’s adaptability during crises, which can inform future responses to public health challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growth mindset is the belief that one's intelligence and abilities can be developed via effort, knowledge acquisition, and perseverance. Although numerous studies have examined the correlation between a growth mindset and children's academic performance, there is a dearth of research assessing the influence of a growth mindset on mental health. The World Health Organisation estimates that roughly 14% of individuals aged 10 to 19 worldwide are likely to develop mental health issues. Psychological illnesses, including depression, anxiety, and behavioural challenges, substantially contribute to the elevated prevalence of illness and impairment among adolescents. Therefore, it is essential to pursue additional research on adolescent mental health. The present study was performed to evaluate the impact of a growth mindset on the mental health of 403 adolescents. The current study assessed adolescents implementing the growth mindset scale and the mental health scale. The findings indicated that adolescents with a high growth mindset scored markedly high on mental health compared to those with a low growth mindset. An analysis of the study results is performed in conjunction with previous research, highlighting implications, limits, and recommendations for future investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Physical health inequalities of people with serious mental illness (SMI) have been labelled an international scandal; due to the 15–20-year reduction in life expectancy associated with poor physical health. This occurs at an early stage and evidence shows young people with and at risk for SMI are a particularly vulnerable group requiring intervention and support. However, most work has been conducted with adults and little is known about what affects physical health for young people, specifically those receiving inpatient care. Methods: We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 7 service users and 6 staff members (85% female, age 14–42) on a generic mental health inpatient unit for children and adolescents. Interviews aimed to identify how young people viewed theirphysical health and factors affecting physical health and lifestyle and identify any support needed to improve physical health. Thematic analysis was conducted.. Results: Thematic analysis revealed the main factors affecting physical health and lifestyle for young people. Three main themes were individual factors (subthemes were mental health symptoms, knowledge, attitudes and beliefs), environmental factors (subthemes were opportunities in a restricted environment and food provision), and the influence of others (subthemes were peers, staff, family members). These factors often overlapped and could promote a healthy lifestyle or combine to increase the risk of poor physical health. Young people discussed their preferences for physical health initiatives and what would help them to live a healthier lifestyle. Conclusions: Promoting physical health on inpatient units for young people is an important, yet neglected area of mental health research. We have identified a range of complex factors which have an impact on their physical health, and there is a pervasive need to address the barriers that young people experience to living a healthy lifestyle. There is an increasingly strong evidence base suggesting the benefits of physical health interventions to improve outcomes, and future work should identify ways to implement such interventions considering the barriers discussed in this article. Further collaborative research is needed with young people, clinical teams, caregivers, and commissioners to ensure improvements are made to clinical care provision and optimisation of the inpatient environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the containment measures for COVID-19 have affected sleep quality in the population. This study explored sleep-related research from a bibliometric perspective to provide an overview of the research outputs in this field. Original and review articles were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database from December 2019 to 7 Aug 2023. R package "bibliometrix" was used to summarize the number of articles of authors, institutions, and countries; count the citations of the articles, and generate a Three-Fields Plot. VOSviewer software was applied to visualize the collaboration network among authors and institutions, and to conduct a co-occurrence analysis of keywords. A total of 4,499 articles on COVID-19 and sleep, and 25,883 articles on non-COVID-19 and sleep were included. Sleep related articles were mainly published by authors from China, the USA, and Italy. For COVID-19 and sleep research, Huazhong University of Science was the most productive institution. The Psychiatry Research was the most influential journal across the different subject categories of this field. "Mental health", "anxiety", and "depression" were the most common keywords, while "sleep quality" and "quality of life" were the likely topic areas in terms of future research directions. Our findings provide a comprehensive perspective for researchers to understand the wider landscape of both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 sleep-related research area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on psychiatry in the United States has shown how, since the 1980s, the discipline has sought to increase its prestige and preserve its jurisdiction by embracing biomedical models of treatment and arguing it is a medical specialty like any other. While this strategy is consistent with what the literature on professions would expect, this paper analyzes an alternative case: French public psychiatry, which has remained in a position of marginalized autonomy, combining low status and economic precarity with state recognition of its specificity. Drawing on Bourdieu's theory of fields, I analyze how the persistence of specialized psychiatric hospitals in France—most of which have closed in the United States—has shaped the conflict between psychiatrists favoring autonomy and actors in university hospitals and the Ministry of Health seeking to reduce it. These specialized hospitals have functioned as institutional anchors that contribute to maintaining the discipline's autonomous position in the medical field in three ways: by socializing psychiatrists into viewing themselves as a distinctive branch of medicine, linking psychiatry to powerful actors in the state interested in maintaining the discipline's distinctive role in social control, and concentrating a population of chronically ill persons not amenable to traditional medical interventions. This analysis expands on the literature on professionals and field theory by emphasizing the role of institutions in structuring the reorganization of jurisdictions and relationships between fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Qualitative research methodologies offer many benefits to the counseling field: a thick, vibrant description of a construct or experiences pertinent to a specific group; a critical lens to qualitative research can also propel social justice, advocacy, and systemic change. Despite qualitative research being regularly used in the counseling profession, the majority of this research has been utilized on/with adults, leading to the need for greater guidance specific to youth: children and adolescents. This article is the first in a special issue from The Journal of Child and Adolescent Counseling, on youth-centered qualitative research. In this lead article, we outline concrete, practical strategies for conducting youth-centered qualitative research; this paper is organized according to a qualitative guide by Goodman-Scott, but applied to youth specifically. Given the importance of social justice and advocacy, this article is also grounded in a critical research paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Key Points: Question: How do individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia recruited in a large volunteer-based research resource (UK Biobank) differ from those in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) or those recruited from clinical settings? Findings: In this cross-sectional study including more than 517 000 individuals, liability to schizophrenia in the UK Biobank had a high genetic correlation with the PGC. Compared with 4 clinically ascertained schizophrenia samples, UK Biobank participants with schizophrenia had significantly lower schizophrenia genetic liability as indexed by polygenic risk score, lower rates of copy number variants, and fewer phenotypic features of poor outcome. Meaning: In this study, individuals with schizophrenia in the UK Biobank had features of less severe illness, which indicates that registries such as the UK Biobank can help to capture the full range of heterogeneity in schizophrenia research. This cross-sectional study compares genetic liability to psychiatric disorders in individuals with schizophrenia in the UK Biobank with individuals in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and compares genetic liability and phenotypic features with participants recruited from clinical settings. Importance: Large-scale biobanks provide important opportunities for mental health research, but selection biases raise questions regarding the comparability of individuals with those in clinical research settings. Objective: To compare the genetic liability to psychiatric disorders in individuals with schizophrenia in the UK Biobank with individuals in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) and to compare genetic liability and phenotypic features with participants recruited from clinical settings. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study included participants from the population-based UK Biobank and schizophrenia samples recruited from clinical settings (CLOZUK, CardiffCOGS, Cardiff F-Series, and Cardiff Affected Sib-Pairs). Data were collected between January 1993 and July 2021. Data analysis was conducted between July 2021 and June 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures: A genome-wide association study of UK Biobank schizophrenia case-control status was conducted, and the results were compared with those from the PGC via genetic correlations. To test for differences with the clinical samples, polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, and intelligence using PRS-CS. PRS and phenotypic comparisons were conducted using pairwise logistic regressions. The proportions of individuals with copy number variants associated with schizophrenia were compared using Firth logistic regression. Results: The sample of 517 375 participants included 1438 UK Biobank participants with schizophrenia (550 [38.2%] female; mean [SD] age, 54.7 [8.3] years), 499 475 UK Biobank controls (271 884 [54.4%] female; mean [SD] age, 56.5 [8.1] years), and 4 schizophrenia research samples (4758 [28.9%] female; mean [SD] age, 38.2 [21.0] years). Liability to schizophrenia in UK Biobank was highly correlated with the latest genome-wide association study from the PGC (genetic correlation, 0.98; SE, 0.18) and showed the expected patterns of correlations with other psychiatric disorders. The schizophrenia PRS explained 6.8% of the variance in liability for schizophrenia case status in UK Biobank. UK Biobank participants with schizophrenia had significantly lower schizophrenia PRS than 3 of the clinically ascertained samples and significantly lower rates of schizophrenia-associated copy number variants than the CLOZUK sample. UK Biobank participants with schizophrenia had higher educational attainment and employment rates than the clinically ascertained schizophrenia samples, lower rates of smoking, and a later age of onset of psychosis. Conclusions and Relevance: Individuals with schizophrenia in the UK Biobank, and likely other volunteer-based biobanks, represent those less severely affected. Their inclusion in wider studies should enhance the representation of the full spectrum of illness severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is limited research addressing mental health issues among academic faculty. Considering the profound impact that mental health has on individual well-being, it is important to understand the factors contributing to mental distress and develop appropriate coping mechanisms, accounting for the unique setting of academia. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to critically evaluate the existing literature on mental health and mindfulness practices and their impact on well-being domains for faculty in hospitality and tourism. The paper employs a recursive thematic analysis to identify major topics in the literature and suggest future research directions and policy implications for higher education institutions. The study's findings help to raise awareness of this critical issue in academia and establish a conceptual framework to evaluate the connection between mental health and well-being domains for faculty members and offer feasible tools to enhance faculty's mental health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethics in biomedical research in mental health plays a central role. Historically the principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice have been violated in individuals with mental disorders. This article aims to analyse the perceptions of individuals involved in research ethics advocacy in Aranzazu-Colombia, from the Declaration of the Town Square to current research practices and community empowerment initiatives. For this, a qualitative study was conducted in the municipality of Aranzazu as part of a Community-Based Rehabilitation strategy in Mental Health. Two focus groups were conducted with a total of 30 participants, including community representatives, institutional members, and healthcare personnel. The themes that emerged were 'The urgency of speaking as one', 'Our research questions' and 'Human rights for recovery'. The process of adoption of community protection measures that guided the investigative processes with the town of Aranzazu is presented. A discussion is raised around the instrumentalization of people in the investigation and the claim of human rights by communities, as a mechanism to strengthen community recovery actions. It is concluded that mental health research should help to affirm dignity, reduce stigma, improve access to psychosocial recovery and achieve real participation in building the well-being of communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is important that mental health research supports and addresses the needs of ethnically and racially minoritized students. Specifically, self-stigma is associated with psychological distress through weakened mindfulness. This study extends past research by examining the influence of a different stigma construct, social network stigma of seeking help, on both psychological distress (combined anxiety and depression), and flourishing. It also examines the added influence of psychological flexibility components on the associations between the stigma construct and psychological distress and flourishing. Psychological flexibility extends past literature involving mindfulness by also assessing awareness of values. Secondary data was utilized with 128 participants who were undergraduate or graduate students. Higher levels of the psychological flexibility components cognitive defusion and committed action were associated with lower anxiety and depression and higher flourishing in regression analyses. Social network stigma of seeking help was also a significant predictor in both regression models. Future work should replicate these analyses with larger samples over the course of time to further determine specific pathways of influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interoceptive awareness (IA) is crucial to understanding mental health. The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) scale, available in approximately 30 languages, has gained global recognition for its research applicability. This review highlights the critical importance of integrating IA evaluation in clinical settings, advocating for the MAIA scale's potential as a screening tool. Through an examination of academic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and J-STOR, our analysis spans seven mental health domains: eating disorders (ED), depression, stress, anxiety, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), chronic pain, and suicide ideation (SI). Thirty-eight studies showed links between several dimensions of IA with different disorders. That is, ED was related to Body Trust and Self-Regulation; anxiety to Body Listening, Emotional Awareness, and Self-Regulation; depression to Noticing and Emotional Awareness; ASD to Trusting, Emotional Awareness, and Noticing; chronic pain to Not-Worrying and Self-Regulation; and SI with Trusting. These insights hold profound implications for both clinical practice and mental health research. Integrating IA assessments into standard clinical protocols has the potential to improve our understanding of pathology, enrich patient care, and enhance therapeutic strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: COVID-19 led to a horrific global pandemic, with strict lockdowns and prolonged indoor stays increasing the risk of mental health problems, affecting people of different ages, genders, regions, and types of work to varying degrees. This study provides a bibliometric summary of the knowledge map related to mental health during and post COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Publications related to mental health during and post COVID-19 pandemic were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database through March 19, 2024. After screening the search results, the literature included in the final was first quantitatively analyzed using GraphPad Prism software and then visualized using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R (the bibliometrix package). Results: The 7,047 publications from 110 countries were included, with the highest number of publications from China and the United States, and the number of publications related to mental health during and post the COVID-19 pandemic increased annually until 2023, after which it began to decline. The major institutions were University of Toronto, University of London, Harvard University, King's College London, University College London, University of California System, University of Melbourne, Institut National De La Sante Et De La Recherche Medicale (Inserm), Mcgill University, and University of Ottawa; Frontiers in Psychiatry had the highest number of publications, and the Journal of Affective Disorders had the highest number of co-citations; 36,486 authors included, with Xiang, Yu-Tao, Cheung, Teris, Chung, Seockhoon published the most papers, and World Health Organization, Kroenke K, and Wang CY were the most co-cited; epidemiologically relevant studies on mental health related to COVID-19, and the importance of mental health during normalized epidemic prevention and control are the main directions of this research area, especially focusing on children's mental health; "pandemic," "sars-cov-2," "epidemic," "depression," "coronavirus anxiety," "anxiety," "longitudinal," "child," "coronavirus anxiety," "longitudinal," "child," and "coronavirus" are the top keywords in recent years. Conclusion: This comprehensive bibliometric study summarizes research trends and advances in mental health during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic. It serves as a reference for mental health research scholars during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, clarifying recent research preoccupations and topical directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most COVID-19-related mental health research focused on average levels of mental health parameters in the general population. However, considering heterogeneous groups and their long-term responses could deepen our understanding of mental health during community crises. This four-wave study aimed to (1) identify subgroups with different trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms in the German general population, and (2) investigate associated risk factors. We analyzed self-report data from N = 1257 German adults participating in a European cohort study, assessed in summer 2020 (T1), and at 6 (T2), 12 (T3), and 30 months (T4). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the PHQ-4. Sociodemographic, health-related, and pandemic-related variables were assessed at baseline. We applied growth mixture modeling to identify subgroups of symptom trajectories and conducted multinomial logistic regression to examine factors associated with class membership. We identified six symptom trajectories: Low-stable (n = 971, 77.2 %), Continuous deterioration (n = 30, 2.4 %), Transient deterioration (n = 75, 6.0 %), Continuous improvement (n = 97, 7.7 %), Transient improvement (n = 38, 3.0 %) and Chronicity (n = 46, 3.7 %). Age, education, work status, mental health diagnoses, self-reported health, and pandemic-related news consumption were significantly associated with subgroup membership. The generalizability of the study is constrained by an unrepresentative sampling method, a notable dropout rate, and limited consideration of risk factors. Most people experienced low symptoms or improvement during the pandemic, while others experienced chronic or transient symptoms. Specific risk factors were associated with these trajectories, revealing nuanced mental health dynamics. • Investigating long-term trajectories in different subgroups during the pandemic • Six subgroups with different trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms • Subgroup membership was associated with sociodemographic, health and pandemic-related risk factors. • Provides insights for tailored clinical interventions in future community stressors [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper puts forward a new mental health evaluation model based on data mining technology, and analyzes the factors that affect mental health. The model understands the influencing factors according to the mental health status of different student groups, then reduces the dimensionality of the original data through principal component analysis and discriminant analysis, and finally establishes a dependent variable prediction model through regression analysis. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can effectively predict students' mental health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This corrigendum addresses an error in the assumptions made during the extrapolation of data from the German pension insurance in an article titled "Estimating the prevalence of alcohol-related disorders and treatment utilization in Bremen 2016/2017 through routine data linkage." The corrected figures show that 72.6% of individuals with alcohol dependence had a diagnosis documented, and 10% of individuals used addiction-specific care services. The correction also provides additional information about the German pension insurance and the funding of rehabilitation treatments. The study estimates that there were 614 individuals receiving addiction rehabilitation in Bremen, with 72.6% having a corresponding diagnosis and 10.7% receiving addiction-specific care measures. The estimated number of individuals with alcohol dependence in Bremen in 2017 was 15,792, with 73% receiving a corresponding diagnosis and 11% using addiction-specific care measures. The article acknowledges limitations and provides detailed extrapolations in Supplementary Tables and Figures. [Extracted from the article]

The present bibliometric analysis used traditional measures and network science techniques to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced research in Clinical Psychology. Publication records from the Web of Science (WoS) were obtained for journal articles published prior to (2015 and 2018), during (2020), and at the end of the pandemic (2022) for the search terms "men and mental health" and "women and mental health". Network analyses of author-provided keywords showed that COVID-19 co-occurred with fear, anxiety, depression, and stress for both men and women in 2020. In 2022, COVID-19 co-occurred with topics related to world-wide lockdowns (e.g., alcohol use, substance use, intimate partner violence, loneliness, physical activity), and to more fundamental topics in Clinical Psychology (e.g., eating disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder). Although the COVID pandemic was associated with several changes in the research topics that were examined in Clinical Psychology, pre-existing disparities in the amount of mental health research on men compared to women did not appear to increase (in contrast to increases associated with COVID in pre-existing gender disparities observed in other areas of society). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality and quantity of clozapine safety monitoring considerably differs among South American countries and mainly focus on hematological surveillance. Few studies have been conducted on other clozapine-related adverse effects (ADRs) and mainly refer to case reports and literature reviews. We retrieved thirty-nine publications on clozapine related ADRs others than neutropenia. Studies in Brazil and Venezuela accounted for 67 % of all the publications, and 8 out of 12 countries published 2 or less manuscripts. Only Chile offers serum clozapine level measurement in public institutions. Given the recently recognized role of ethnicity, gender, smoking, obesity drug interactions in optimal clozapine administration, modernization of clozapine clinical use and research in psychiatry and neurology most be broadcasted and stimulated in South American countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic resulted in a major increase in depression and anxiety disorders worldwide, which increased the demand for mental health services. However, clinical interventions for treating mental disorders are currently insufficient to meet this growing demand. There is an urgent need to conduct scientific and standardized clinical research that are consistent with the features of mental disorders in order to deliver more effective and safer therapies in the clinic. Our study aimed to expose the challenges, complexities of study design, ethical issues, sample selection, and efficacy evaluation in clinical research for mental disorders. The reliance on subjective symptom presentation and rating scales for diagnosing mental diseases was discovered, emphasizing the lack of clear biological standards, which hampers the construction of rigorous research criteria. We underlined the possibility of psychotherapy in efficacy evaluation alongside medication treatment, proposing for a multidisciplinary approach comprising psychiatrists, neuroscientists, and statisticians. To comprehend mental disorders progression, we recommend the development of artificial intelligence integrated evaluation tools, the use of precise biomarkers, and the strengthening of longitudinal designs. In addition, we advocate for international collaboration to diversity samples and increase the dependability of findings, with the goal of improving clinical research quality in mental disorders through sample representativeness, accurate medical history gathering, and adherence to ethical principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: First Nations children face a greater risk of experiencing mental disorders than other children from the general population because of family and societal factors, yet there is little research examining their mental health. This study compares diagnosed mental disorders and suicidal behaviours of First Nations children living on-reserve and off-reserve to all other children living in Manitoba. Method: The research team, which included First Nations and non-First Nations researchers, utilized population-based administrative data that linked de-identified individual-level records from the 2016 First Nations Research File to health and social information for children living in Manitoba. Adjusted rates and rate ratios of mental disorders and suicide behaviours were calculated using a generalized linear modelling approach to compare First Nations children (n = 40,574) and all other children (n = 197,109) and comparing First Nations children living on- and off-reserve. Results: Compared with all other children, First Nations children had a higher prevalence of schizophrenia (adjusted rate ratio (aRR): 4.42, 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.36 to 5.82), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; aRR: 1.21, 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.33), substance use disorders (aRR: 5.19; 95% CI, 4.25 to 6.33), hospitalizations for suicide attempts (aRR: 6.96; 95% CI, 4.36 to 11.13) and suicide deaths (aRR: 10.63; 95% CI, 7.08 to 15.95). The prevalence of ADHD and mood/anxiety disorders was significantly higher for First Nations children living off-reserve compared with on-reserve; in contrast, hospitalization rates for suicide attempts were twice as high on-reserve than off-reserve. When the comparison cohort was restricted to only other children in low-income areas, a higher prevalence of almost all disorders remained for First Nations children. Conclusion: Large disparities were found in mental health indicators between First Nations children and other children in Manitoba, demonstrating that considerable work is required to improve the mental well-being of First Nations children. Equitable access to culturally safe services is urgently needed and these services should be self-determined, planned, and implemented by First Nations people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

North American rates of adolescent social media use hover between 98 and 100%, with 45% of adolescents reporting being online "almost constantly". Despite its prevalence, social media use is also controversial. If social media is now woven into the fabric of social interactions, what are the mental health implications for youth growing up in "a digital age"? This paper discusses the potential applications of transdisciplinarity by considering the question in three ways: first, the polarized research is presented, suggesting that social media has the power to either positively or negatively direct youths' social and psychological trajectories; second, the dichotomy is challenged; and third, transdisciplinary applications are considered. As a complex, novel, and nuanced topic, the study of social media, peer relationships, and mental health demands a paradigm that is able to accommodate complexity, nuance, and novelty in a critical, reflexive and meaningful way. Transdisciplinarity presents scholars an opportunity to tackle this challenge. This paper discusses the prevailing research surrounding social media, peer relationships, and mental health to challenge the good/bad binary and lay the foundation for approaching this topic from a transdisciplinary lens in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, cluster analyses are widely used in mental health research to categorize student stress levels. However, conventional clustering methods experience challenges with large datasets and complex issues, such as converging to local optima and sensitivity to initial random states. To address these limitations, this research work introduces an Improved Grey Wolf Clustering Algorithm (iGWCA). This improved approach aims to adjust the convergence rate and mitigate the risk of being trapped in local optima. The iGWCA algorithm provides a balanced technique for exploration and exploitation phases, alongside a local search mechanism around the optimal solution. To assess its efficiency, the proposed algorithm is verified on two different datasets. The dataset-I comprises 1100 individuals obtained from the Kaggle database, while dataset-II is based on 824 individuals obtained from the Mendeley database. The results demonstrate the competence of iGWCA in classifying student stress levels. The algorithm outperforms other methods in terms of lower intra-cluster distances, obtaining a reduction rate of 1.48% compared to Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), 8.69% compared to Mayfly Optimization (MOA), 8.45% compared to the Firefly Algorithm (FFO), 2.45% Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), 3.65%, Hybrid Sine Cosine with Cuckoo search (HSCCS), 8.20%, Hybrid Firefly and Genetic Algorithm (FAGA) and 8.68% Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA). This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in minimizing intra-cluster distances, making it a better choice for student stress classification. This research contributes to the advancement of understanding and managing student well-being within academic communities by providing a robust tool for stress level classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building on decades of rich discussions of why 'nothing about us without us' matters in the field of psychiatry, this paper aims to illuminate the justifications underlying participatory research in psychiatry, and how these justifications might shape participatory methodologies. This is accomplished through the examination of several epistemic and ethical features of psychiatry that underlie the importance of engaging in participatory research in the field, unpacking their connection to participatory research, and offering suggestions related to their implications for research methodologies. The epistemic features include: the irreducible value of patient experience, the extent of disagreement and uncertainty in the field, and the value-laden nature of knowledge in psychiatry. The ethical features include: the preponderance of harm, denials of agency and epistemic injustice, and the constant struggle for power. These features offer useful touchpoints for thinking through why participation matters in mental health research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the importance of democratizing psychiatric research and decision-making processes in mental health care. It discusses the potential and limits of experiential expertise and the need to define "lived experience" in mental health. The author suggests that models of participatory governance, such as community-led research governance, could inspire a more inclusive approach to psychiatry. The article also emphasizes the importance of theoretical virtues and the value of including critiques from those most impacted by psychiatric research. Overall, it calls for a more inclusive and participatory approach to psychiatric research and decision-making. [Extracted from the article]

People's lived experiences of distress are complex, personal, and vary widely across cultures. So, too, do the terms and expressions people use to describe distress. This variation presents an engaging challenge for those doing intercultural work in transcultural psychiatry, global mental health, and psychological anthropology. This article details the findings of a study of common distress terminology among 63 Kannada-speaking Hindu women living in Mysuru, the second largest city in the state of Karnataka, South India. Very little existing scholarship focuses on cultural adaptation for speakers of Dravidian languages like Kannada; this study aims to fill this gap and support greater representation of this linguistic family in research on mental health, idioms of distress, and distress terminology. Between 2018 and 2019, we conducted a 3-phase study consisting of interviews, data reduction, and focus group discussions. The goal was to produce a non-exhaustive list of common Kannada distress terms that could be used in future research and practice to translate and culturally adapt mental health symptom scales or other global mental health tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This systematic review addresses how adolescent‐rated parent‐child communication (PCC) quality is related to adolescent mental health. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search in Medline and APA PsycInfo, including peer‐reviewed quantitative studies examining associations between adolescent‐rated dyadic PCC quality and general as well as specific measures of adolescent mental health. Qualitative and case studies were excluded, as were studies reporting only parent‐rated communication quality or instruments assessing other constructs than dyadic PCC. We screened 5314 articles, of which 37 were included in the review. We assessed study quality with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results: We synthesized the findings in a table and narratively, reporting the main outcomes organized according to mental health constructs. The included studies were mainly cross‐sectional. The results showed that adolescent‐rated PCC quality is negatively associated with mental health constructs, demonstrating small to large effects across different mental health constructs and populations. The associations were found for general mental health and specific domains, including depression, anxiety, psychosis, suicidal ideation, post‐traumatic stress symptoms, and addictive internet use/gaming. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that PCC is a relevant variable to consider in assessing adolescent mental health and preventive efforts. Limitations include the exclusive focus on adolescent‐reported PCC questionnaires since parent‐ and observer‐rated instruments may lead to different results. Also, PCC is related to other constructs, such as dyadic relationships, that were not included in this review. We conclude that PCC is a relevant variable to consider in mental health research. Our findings suggest that PCC may be considered in mental health practice, both in terms of assessing its quality and potentially by tailoring interventions to enhance PCC. These may represent a mean to promote adolescent mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mental health of religious leaders is a serious concern as the emotional, psychological, and spiritual demands on clergy are incredibly high. These demands, however, are likely to vary by the demographic makeup of the congregation that leaders serve, which leads us to expect that clergy mental health is associated with congregational demographics. In this study, we use recently collected (2020), nationally representative survey data from the primary leaders of religious congregations (N = 636) to examine the associations between congregational demographics—the social class, gender, racial, age, and political makeup of religious congregations—and leaders' mental health. The most robust finding from the full model is that political incongruence between leaders and attendees is strongly associated with worse mental health for clergy. We conclude with a discussion of what the results mean for the mental health of religious leaders in a time of declining religion, growing political polarization, and high rates of anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Within a number of fields, research on mental health support available for graduate students is scant. Research on mental health support among online students is even more limited. Mental health within library and information science (LIS) has been discussed largely outside of the scholarly realm via webinars, mental health zines, and Twitter chats. As the majority of students pursuing a master's degree in LIS (MLIS) go through online programs, student awareness of and access to mental health support through their university is unknown. Through content analysis, this original study explores the online resources for mental health counseling and support readily available for MLIS students in American Library Association–accredited programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial discusses the complexities of researching mental disorders in psychiatry, emphasizing the need to consider methodological specificities for valid results. It highlights the interaction of biological and psychosocial factors in causing psychiatric disorders, as well as the influence of culture and society on mental health. The article also addresses the distinction between normal and abnormal mental states, emphasizing the importance of clinical assessment over neurobiological markers. Overall, it calls for continued critical thinking and research to improve outcomes in the field of psychiatry. [Extracted from the article]