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13,014 results on '"Rady A"'

160. Folic acid and melatonin ameliorate carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats

Author

Ebaid Hossam, Bashandy Samir AE, Alhazza Ibrahim M, Rady Ahmed, and El-Shehry Sultan

Subjects
Hepatic injury-markers, Melatonin, Folic acid, Akt1, Oxidative stress, Anti-inflammatory effects, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract This study investigated the protective effects of melatonin and folic acid against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury in rats. Oxidative stress, liver function, liver histopathology and serum lipid levels were evaluated. The levels of protein kinase B (Akt1), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), programmed cell death-receptor (Fas) and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) mRNA expression were analyzed. CCl4 significantly elevated the levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA), cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, bilirubin and urea. In addition, CCl4 was found to significantly suppress the activity of both catalase and glutathione (GSH) and decrease the levels of serum total protein and HDL-cholesterol. All of these parameters were restored to their normal levels by treatment with melatonin, folic acid or their combination. An improvement of the general hepatic architecture was observed in rats that were treated with the combination of melatonin and folic acid along with CCl4. Furthermore, the CCl4-induced upregulation of TNF-α and Fas mRNA expression was significantly restored by the three treatments. Melatonin, folic acid or their combination also restored the baseline levels of IFN-γ and Akt1 mRNA expression. The combination of melatonin and folic acid exhibited ability to reduce the markers of liver injury induced by CCl4 and restore the oxidative stability, the level of inflammatory cytokines, the lipid profile and the cell survival Akt1 signals.

Published
2013
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161. Perception, attitude, and practice toward research among medical students in Hadhramout University, Yemen

Author

Bin-Ghouth, Abdullah, Batarfi, Suha Ali, Abonemi, AbdulRahman Hashim, Maknoon, Ahmed Sadeq, Alkhanbshi, Ahmad Sa’ad, Khred, AlwiAbobaker, Bawazir, Amal Abdullah, Ba-Jaber, Areej Abdullah, Rezq, Aiman Abdullah, Maknoon, Isra’aAlwi, Badheeb, Khadijah Ahmed, Alkathiri, Maha Salah, Ba-Rbaa, Majedah Ahmed, Dhaiban, Mustafa, Bagumaish, Omar Ali, Baslasel, Omar Saleh, Ba-rady, Roua’a Abdullah, Algadry, Souha, and Bazanboor, Tagwa Omar

Published
2023
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176. Inclusion

Author

Rady, Elif Gulen, Krkač, Kristijan, Section editor, Idowu, Samuel O., editor, Schmidpeter, René, editor, Capaldi, Nicholas, editor, Zu, Liangrong, editor, Del Baldo, Mara, editor, and Abreu, Rute, editor

Published
2023
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193. Thermal management of high concentrating photovoltaic system

Author

Ahmed, Asmaa Rady Rashed Mariee, Mallick, Tapas, Sundaram, Senthilarasu, and Baig, Hasan

Abstract

Concentrated photovoltaic systems (CPV) have demonstrated the potential to achieve a high conversion power compared to conventional photovoltaic panels (PV) especially for areas with high solar irradiance. Under higher concentration ratios, solar cells can work at higher efficiencies by reducing the area of the solar cell and replacing it with optical components to collect the incident light more effectively. This is considered an efficient way to decrease the system cost without sacrificing the solar energy absorbed. However, the development of this emerging technology faces a number of challenges, one of them being the high temperature resulting from the increase in the concentration ratios. The solar cells may be subjected to damage if the temperature exceeds the limit recommended by the manufacturer. This thesis investigates a number of innovative solutions for the development of high concentrator photovoltaics (HCPV) receivers. The work outlines the characteristics of the concentrator photovoltaic systems from different perspectives, the solar cell types, and optics classifications. The existing thermal management techniques, the advantages of nanotechnology in solar thermal applications, and the literature on the optical filters are also reviewed. The thermal, electrical, and optical characterisations of the properties of the materials used in this research are introduced. The impact of the coolant type such as nanofluids, and heat sink design on the Multijunction (MJ) solar cell performance is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Water in comparison with the ethylene glycol and water mixture and syltherm oil using finned minichannel heat sink offers the best cell temperature uniformity. However, the highest outlet temperature is achieved using syltherm oil 800 especially for a concentration ratio above 1000 suns which is suitable for heat recovery applications that require a high temperature. Significant enhancement in the thermal conductivity of aluminium oxide/water and silicon dioxide/water nanofluids at different concentrations are measured in comparison with the distilled water. The thermal conductivity values were entered into COMSOL-Multiphysics software and the heat transfer effectiveness of the nanofluids was enhanced in comparison with water reaching 1.15 in the case of Al2O3/water at 5%, while in the case of using SiO2/water it reached 1.11 using a finned channel heat sink. Higher solar cell temperature uniformity is observed by using nanofluids in comparison with using water only as the maximum MJ solar cell temperature decreased by 3.6 °C at a concentration of 2000 suns in the case of using SiO2/water. The serpentine configuration has been investigated along with the straight channel heat sink for use in the HCPV applications. The centre inlet serpentine showed high electrical and thermal efficiencies until the concentration ratio of 2000 suns providing high-temperature uniformity and keeping the solar cell temperature below the recommended limit. The feasibility of using an infrared (IR) optical filter as a temperature regulator for the HCPV is explored. The IR filter successfully protects the single-junction solar cell from cracking and enhanced the cell efficiency by 180% at a solar irradiance of 400 W/m2. Detailed performance analysis of the focal spot area of the Fresnel Lens is presented to build a solid base of knowledge for higher concentration ratios. Uniform electrical and thermal distribution has been detected within the focal spot showing the highest measured power at the centre of the MJ cell of 2.5 W. The numerical results using the finite element method (FEM) are validated with the indoor experimental results of the test section replicating the experimental conditions in the laboratory. The effect of different working conditions is reported throughout the research. Although the MJ solar cell temperature was below the recommended limit, the temperature can be decreased even further if a high thermal conductivity thermal paste is utilised emphasizing its importance in reducing the temperature.

Published
2021

196. Paradoxes of In-School Teacher Coaching by Outsiders

Author

Ludecke, Michelle, Rutherford, Sarah, Sawatzki, Carly, Rady, Donna, Gindidis, Maria, Marangio, Karen, and Tour, Ekaterina

Abstract

Securing the quality of Australian education is a key policy target, and teaching workforce development has long been identified as the means to that end. This case of personalised professional learning in a school through a series of interactions between teachers and university-employed teacher educators (as academic coaches) speaks to teachers' perceptions of being on the receiving end of such policy targets. Teachers' experiences of working with an external coach was transformative for some, valuable for most, but not suited to everybody. The analysis of teacher participant data revealed three paradoxes in the delicate matters of power, choice and agency associated with being coached by outsiders. We apply a Bourdieuan lens of 'symbolic power' to make sense of these inherent power relations, and anticipate such insights will be informative to teacher educators involved in developing teacher coaching programs in the future, both at system and school levels.

Published
2022
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197. PNPLA3 downregulation exacerbates the fibrotic response in human hepatic stellate cells

Author

Rady, Brian, Nishio, Takahiro, Dhar, Debanjan, Liu, Xiao, Erion, Mark, Kisseleva, Tatiana, Brenner, David A, and Pocai, Alessandro

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Liver Disease, Digestive Diseases, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Biotechnology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Aged, Cells, Cultured, Down-Regulation, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Hepatic Stellate Cells, Humans, Lipase, Lipid Droplets, Male, Membrane Proteins, Middle Aged, Mutation, Missense, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Primary Cell Culture, Transforming Growth Factor beta, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) results, in part, from the interaction of metabolic derangements with predisposing genetic variants, leading to liver-related complications and mortality. The strongest genetic determinant is a highly prevalent missense variant in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3 p.I148M). In human liver hepatocytes PNPLA3 localizes to the surface of lipid droplets where the mutant form is believed to enhance lipid accumulation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Less is known about the role of PNPLA3 in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Here we characterized HSC obtained from patients carrying the wild type (n = 8 C/C) and the heterozygous (n = 6, C/G) or homozygous (n = 6, G/G) PNPLA3 I148M and investigated the effect of genotype and PNPLA3 downregulation on baseline and TGF-β-stimulated fibrotic gene expression. HSCs from all genotypes showed comparable baseline levels of PNPLA3 and expression of the fibrotic genes α-SMA, COL1A1, TIMP1 and SMAD7. Treatment with TGF-β increased PNPLA3 expression in all 3 genotypes (~2-fold) and resulted in similar stimulation of the expression of several fibrogenic genes. In primary human HSCs carrying wild-type (WT) PNPLA3, siRNA treatment reduced PNPLA3 mRNA by 79% resulting in increased expression of α-SMA, Col1a1, TIMP1, and SMAD7 in cells stimulated with TGF-β. Similarly, knock-down of PNPLA3 in HSCs carrying either C/G or G/G genotypes resulted in potentiation of TGF-β induced expression of fibrotic genes. Knockdown of PNPLA3 did not impact fibrotic gene expression in the absence of TGF-β treatment. Together, these data indicate that the presence of the I148M PNPLA3 mutation in HSC has no effect on baseline activation and that downregulation of PNPLA3 exacerbates the fibrotic response irrespective of the genotype.

Published
2021

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