20,061 results on '"Ricci P"'
Search Results
152. Coffee consumption is associated with intestinal Lawsonibacter asaccharolyticus abundance and prevalence across multiple cohorts
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Manghi, Paolo, Bhosle, Amrisha, Wang, Kai, Marconi, Roberta, Selma-Royo, Marta, Ricci, Liviana, Asnicar, Francesco, Golzato, Davide, Ma, Wenjie, Hang, Dong, Thompson, Kelsey N., Franzosa, Eric A., Nabinejad, Amir, Tamburini, Sabrina, Rimm, Eric B., Garrett, Wendy S., Sun, Qi, Chan, Andrew T., Valles-Colomer, Mireia, Arumugam, Manimozhiyan, Bermingham, Kate M., Giordano, Francesca, Davies, Richard, Hadjigeorgiou, George, Wolf, Jonathan, Strowig, Till, Berry, Sarah E., Huttenhower, Curtis, Spector, Tim D., Segata, Nicola, and Song, Mingyang
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- 2024
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153. Iminopyridine Manganese and Nickel Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Behavior in the Polymerization of 1,3-Butadiene
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Ricci, Giovanni, Palucci, Benedetta, Losio, Simona, Sommazzi, Anna, Masi, Francesco, Pampaloni, Guido, and Guelfi, Massimo
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- 2024
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154. Biliary drainage in patients with malignant distal biliary obstruction: results of an Italian consensus conference
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Marzioni, Marco, Crinò, Stefano Francesco, Lisotti, Andrea, Fuccio, Lorenzo, Vanella, Giuseppe, Amato, Arnaldo, Bertani, Helga, Binda, Cecilia, Coluccio, Chiara, Forti, Edoardo, Fugazza, Alessandro, Ligresti, Dario, Maida, Marcello, Marchegiani, Giovanni, Mauro, Aurelio, Mirante, Vincenzo Giorgio, Ricci, Claudio, Rizzo, Giacomo Emanuele Maria, Scimeca, Daniela, Spadaccini, Marco, Arvanitakis, Marianna, Anderloni, Andrea, Fabbri, Carlo, Tarantino, Ilaria, and Arcidiacono, Paolo Giorgio
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- 2024
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155. Real-World Primary Resistance to First-Line Immune-Based Combinations in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (ARON-1)
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Santini, Daniele, Li, Haoran, Roviello, Giandomenico, Park, Se Hoon, Grande, Enrique, Kucharz, Jakub, Basso, Umberto, Fiala, Ondrej, Monteiro, Fernando Sabino Marques, Poprach, Alexandr, Buti, Sebastiano, Molina-Cerrillo, Javier, Catalano, Martina, Buchler, Tomas, Seront, Emmanuel, Ansari, Jawaher, Myint, Zin W., Ghosn, Marwan, Calabrò, Fabio, Kopp, Ray Manneh, Bhuva, Dipen, Bourlon, Maria T., Roberto, Michela, Di Civita, Mattia Alberto, Mollica, Veronica, Marchetti, Andrea, Soares, Andrey, Battelli, Nicola, Ricci, Marco, Kanesvaran, Ravindran, Bamias, Aristotelis, Porta, Camillo, Massari, Francesco, and Santoni, Matteo
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- 2024
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156. Faricimab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema: from preclinical studies to phase 3 outcomes
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Agostini, Hansjürgen, Abreu, Francis, Baumal, Caroline R., Chang, Dolly S., G. Csaky, Karl, Demetriades, Anna M., Kodjikian, Laurent, Lim, Jennifer I., Margaron, Philippe, Monés, Jordi M., Peto, Tunde, Ricci, Federico, Rüth, Matthias, Singh, Rishi P., Stoilov, Ivaylo, Swaminathan, Balakumar, Willis, Jeffrey R., and Westenskow, Peter D.
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- 2024
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157. Dealcoholized Wine: A Scoping Review of Volatile and Non-Volatile Profiles, Consumer Perception, and Health Benefits
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Kumar, Yogesh, Ricci, Arianna, Parpinello, Giuseppina Paola, and Versari, Andrea
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- 2024
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158. Design of self-emulsifying oral delivery systems for semaglutide: reverse micelles versus hydrophobic ion pairs
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Sandmeier, Matthias, Ricci, Fabrizio, To, Dennis, Lindner, Sera, Stengel, Daniel, Schifferle, Michaela, Koz, Saadet, and Bernkop-Schnürch, Andreas
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- 2024
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159. Entrepreneurs’ impatience and digital technologies
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Basiglio, S., Ricci, A., and Rossi, M.
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- 2024
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160. Italian survey about intraperitoneal drain use in distal pancreatectomy
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Pecorelli, Nicolò, Ricci, Claudio, Esposito, Alessandro, Capretti, Giovanni, Partelli, Stefano, Butturini, Giovanni, Boggi, Ugo, Cucchetti, Alessandro, Zerbi, Alessandro, Salvia, Roberto, and Falconi, Massimo
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- 2024
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161. Performance of an Anti-Phase Technology-Powered Microwave Ablation System on Ex Vivo Liver, Lung and Kidney: Analysis of Temperature Trend, Ablation Size and Sphericity
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Namakshenas, Pouya, Tommaso, Arcaini, Benedetta, Cesare, Alessandro, Dorato, Elena, Durante, Ricci, Milena, Santucci, Domiziana, Saccomandi, Paola, and Faiella, Elio
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- 2024
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162. The use of digital tools in rare neurological diseases towards a new care model: a narrative review
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Torri, Francesca, Vadi, Gabriele, Meli, Adriana, Loprieno, Sara, Schirinzi, Erika, Lopriore, Piervito, Ricci, Giulia, Siciliano, Gabriele, and Mancuso, Michelangelo
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- 2024
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163. Cardiac comorbidities in McArdle disease: case report and systematic review
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Hoxhaj, Domeniko, Vadi, Gabriele, Bianchi, Lorenzo, Fontanelli, Lorenzo, Torri, Francesca, Siciliano, Gabriele, and Ricci, Giulia
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- 2024
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164. Topical Anesthesia Versus Submucosal Injection for Radiofrequency Turbinoplasty: Same Benefit but without Patient’s Pain. A Comparative Study
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Giunta, Antonio Alberto Maria, Cianchetta, Filippo, Liberati, Luca, De Luca, Pietro, Ricci, Giampietro, and Di Stadio, Arianna
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- 2024
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165. PET imaging in the psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis field: un update
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Ricci, Maria, Scriffignano, Silvia, Perrotta, Fabio Massimo, Carabellese, Bruno, Grivet Fojaja, Maria Rosaria, Cimini, Andrea, and Lubrano, Ennio
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- 2024
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166. Military education in extended reality (XR): learning troublesome knowledge through immersive experiential application
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Garcia Estrada, Jose, Prasolova-Førland, Ekaterina, Kjeksrud, Stian, Themelis, Chryssa, Lindqvist, Petter, Kvam, Kristine, Midthun, Ole, Sverre, Knut, Hokstad, Leif Martin, Mohamed, Soud Khalifa, Grassini, Simone, and Ricci, Serena
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- 2024
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167. Exploring the link between financial literacy and business interruption insurance: evidence from Italian micro-enterprises
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Ricci, Ornella and Santilli, Gianluca
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- 2024
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168. Clinical predictors of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide death in depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Riera-Serra, Pau, Navarra-Ventura, Guillem, Castro, Adoración, Gili, Margalida, Salazar-Cedillo, Angie, Ricci-Cabello, Ignacio, Roldán-Espínola, Lorenzo, Coronado-Simsic, Victoria, García-Toro, Mauro, Gómez-Juanes, Rocío, and Roca, Miquel
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- 2024
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169. Pre-industrial plague transmission is mediated by the synergistic effect of temperature and aridity index
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Ricci P. H. Yue and Harry F. Lee
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Plague ,climate change ,synergistic effect ,Europe ,Yersinia pestis ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Although the linkage between climate change and plague transmission has been proposed in previous studies, the dominant approach has been to address the linkage with traditional statistical methods, while the possible non-linearity, non-stationarity and low frequency domain of the linkage has not been fully considered. We seek to address the above issue by investigating plague transmission in pre-industrial Europe (AD1347–1760) at both continental and country levels. Methods We apply Granger Causality Analysis to identify the casual relationship between climatic variables and plague outbreaks. We then apply Wavelet Analysis to explore the non-linear and non-stationary association between climate change and plague outbreaks. Results Our results show that 5-year lagged temperature and aridity index are the significant determinants of plague outbreaks in pre-industrial Europe. At the multi-decadal time scale, there are more frequent plague outbreaks in a cold and arid climate. The synergy of temperature and aridity index, rather than their individual effect, is more imperative in driving plague outbreaks, which is valid at both the continental and country levels. Conclusions Plague outbreaks come after cold and dry spells. The multi-decadal climate variability is imperative in driving the cycles of plague outbreaks in pre-industrial Europe. The lagged and multi-decadal effect of climate change on plague outbreaks may be attributable to the complexity of ecological, social, or climate systems, through which climate exerts its influence on plague dynamics. These findings may contribute to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of plague and other rodent-borne or flea-borne infectious diseases in human history.
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- 2018
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170. BASS XLII: The relation between the covering factor of dusty gas and the Eddington ratio in nearby active galactic nuclei
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Ricci, C., Ichikawa, K., Stalevski, M., Kawamuro, T., Yamada, S., Ueda, Y., Mushotzky, R., Privon, G. C., Koss, M. J., Trakhtenbrot, B., Fabian, A. C., Ho, L. C., Asmus, D., Bauer, F. E., Chang, C. S., Gupta, K. K., Oh, K., Powell, M., Pfeifle, R. W., Rojas, A., Ricci, F., Temple, M. J., Toba, Y., Tortosa, A., Treister, E., Harrison, F., Stern, D., and Urry, C. M.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs) located at the center of galaxies are typically surrounded by large quantities of gas and dust. The structure and evolution of this circumnuclear material can be studied at different wavelengths, from the submillimeter to the X-rays. Recent X-ray studies have shown that the covering factor of the obscuring material tends to decrease with increasing Eddington ratio, likely due to radiative feedback on dusty gas. Here we study a sample of 549 nearby (z<0.1) hard X-ray (14-195 keV) selected non-blazar active galactic nuclei (AGN), and use the ratio between the AGN infrared and bolometric luminosity as a proxy of the covering factor. We find that, in agreement with what has been found by X-ray studies of the same sample, the covering factor decreases with increasing Eddington ratio. We also confirm previous findings which showed that obscured AGN typically have larger covering factors than unobscured sources. Finally, we find that the median covering factors of AGN located in different regions of the column density-Eddington ratio diagram are in good agreement with what would be expected from a radiation-regulated growth of SMBHs., Comment: ApJ in press
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- 2023
171. Gamma-Ray Burst observations by the high-energy charged particle detector on board the CSES-01 satellite between 2019 and 2021
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Palma, Francesco, Martucci, Matteo, Neubüser, Coralie, Sotgiu, Alessandro, Follega, Francesco Maria, Ubertini, Pietro, Bazzano, Angela, Rodi, James, Ammendola, Roberto, Badoni, Davide, Bartocci, Simona, Battiston, Roberto, Beolè, Stefania, Bertello, Igor, Burger, William Jerome, Campana, Donatella, Cicone, Antonio, Cipollone, Piero, Coli, Silvia, Conti, Livio, Contin, Andrea, Cristoforetti, Marco, D'Angelo, Giulia, De Angelis, Fabrizio, De Donato, Cinzia, De Santis, Cristian, Diego, Piero, Di Luca, Andrea, Fiorenza, Emiliano, Gebbia, Giuseppe, Iuppa, Roberto, Lega, Alessandro, Lolli, Mauro, Martino, Bruno, Masciantonio, Giuseppe, Mergè, Matteo, Mese, Marco, Morbidini, Alfredo, Nozzoli, Francesco, Nuccilli, Fabrizio, Oliva, Alberto, Osteria, Giuseppe, Palmonari, Federico, Panico, Beatrice, Papini, Emanuele, Parmentier, Alexandra, Perciballi, Stefania, Perfetto, Francesco, Perinelli, Alessio, Picozza, Piergiorgio, Piersanti, Mirko, Pozzato, Michele, Rebustini, Gianmaria, Recchiuti, Dario, Ricci, Ester, Ricci, Marco, Ricciarini, Sergio Bruno, Russi, Andrea, Sahnoun, Zouleikha, Savino, Umberto, Scotti, Valentina, Shen, Xuhui, Sparvoli, Roberta, Tofani, Silvia, Vertolli, Nello, Vilona, Veronica, Vitale, Vincenzo, Zannoni, Ugo, Zeren, Zhima, Zoffoli, Simona, and Zuccon, Paolo
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
In this paper we report the detection of five strong Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) by the High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) mounted on board the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES-01), operational since 2018 on a Sun-synchronous polar orbit at a $\sim$ 507 km altitude and 97$^\circ$ inclination. HEPD-01 was designed to detect high-energy electrons in the energy range 3 - 100 MeV, protons in the range 30 - 300 MeV, and light nuclei in the range 30 - 300 MeV/n. Nonetheless, Monte Carlo simulations have shown HEPD-01 is sensitive to gamma-ray photons in the energy range 300 keV - 50 MeV, even if with a moderate effective area above $\sim$ 5 MeV. A dedicated time correlation analysis between GRBs reported in literature and signals from a set of HEPD-01 trigger configuration masks has confirmed the anticipated detector sensitivity to high-energy photons. A comparison between the simultaneous time profiles of HEPD-01 electron fluxes and photons from GRB190114C, GRB190305A, GRB190928A, GRB200826B and GRB211211A has shown a remarkable similarity, in spite of the different energy ranges. The high-energy response, with peak sensitivity at about 2 MeV, and moderate effective area of the detector in the actual flight configuration explain why these five GRBs, characterised by a fluence above $\sim$ 3 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ in the energy interval 300 keV - 50 MeV, have been detected., Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)
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- 2023
172. Gastrointestinal and respiratory morbidity when introducing eggs as complementary food: a randomised controlled trial in South African infants
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Nakiranda, Regina, Malan, Linda, Ricci, Hannah, Kruger, Herculina S., Nienaber, Arista, Visser, Marina, Ricci, Cristian, Faber, Mieke, and Smuts, Cornelius M.
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- 2024
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173. Integrating D4Z4 methylation analysis into clinical practice: improvement of FSHD molecular diagnosis through distinct thresholds for 4qA/4qA and 4qA/4qB patients
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Strafella, Claudia, Megalizzi, Domenica, Trastulli, Giulia, Proietti Piorgo, Emma, Colantoni, Luca, Tasca, Giorgio, Monforte, Mauro, Zampatti, Stefania, Primiano, Guido, Sancricca, Cristina, Bortolani, Sara, Torchia, Eleonora, Ravera, Beatrice, Torri, Francesca, Gadaleta, Giulio, Risi, Barbara, Caria, Filomena, Gerardi, Francesca, Carraro, Elena, Gioiosa, Valeria, Garibaldi, Matteo, Tufano, Laura, Frezza, Erica, Massa, Roberto, Caltagirone, Carlo, Pennisi, Elena Maria, Petrucci, Antonio, Pane, Marika, Frongia, Annalia, Gragnani, Francesca, Scutifero, Marianna, Mandich, Paola, Grandis, Marina, Maioli, Maria Antonietta, Casali, Carlo, Manfroi, Elisabetta, Politano, Luisa, Passamano, Luigia, Petillo, Roberta, Rodolico, Carmelo, Pugliese, Alessia, Previtali, Stefano Carlo, Sansone, Valeria, Vercelli, Liliana, Mongini, Tiziana Enrica, Ricci, Giulia, Siciliano, Gabriele, Filosto, Massimiliano, Ricci, Enzo, Cascella, Raffaella, and Giardina, Emiliano
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- 2024
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174. Joint ALMA/X-ray monitoring of the radio-quiet type 1 AGN IC 4329A
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Shablovinskaya, E., Ricci, C., Chang, C-S., Tortosa, A., del Palacio, S., Kawamuro, T., Aalto, S., Arzoumanian, Z., Balokovic, M., Bauer, F. E., Gendreau, K. C., Ho, L. C., Kakkad, D., Kara, E., Koss, M. J., Liu, T., Loewenstein, M., Mushotzky, R., Paltani, S., Privon, G. C., Smith, K., Tombesi, F., and Trakhtenbrot, B.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
The origin of a compact millimeter (mm, 100-250 GHz) emission in radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (RQ AGN) remains debated. Recent studies propose a connection with self-absorbed synchrotron emission from the accretion disk X-ray corona. We present the first joint ALMA ($\sim$100 GHz) and X-ray (NICER/XMM-Newton/Swift; 2-10 keV) observations of the unobscured RQ AGN, IC 4329A ($z = 0.016$). The time-averaged mm-to-X-ray flux ratio aligns with recently established trends for larger samples (Kawamuro et al. 2022, Ricci et al. 2023), but with a tighter scatter ($\sim$0.1 dex) compared to previous studies. However, there is no significant correlation on timescales of less than 20 days. The compact mm emission exhibits a spectral index of $-0.23 \pm 0.18$, remains unresolved with a 13 pc upper limit, and shows no jet signatures. Notably, the mm flux density varies significantly (factor of 3) within 4 days, exceeding the contemporaneous X-ray variability (37% vs. 18%) and showing the largest mm variations ever detected in RQ AGN over daily timescales. The high amplitude variability rules out scenarios of heated dust and thermal free-free emission, pointing toward a synchrotron origin for the mm radiation in a source of $\sim$1 light day size. While the exact source is not yet certain, an X-ray corona scenario emerges as the most plausible compared to a scaled-down jet or outflow-driven shocks.}, Comment: Submitted to A&A
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- 2024
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175. Isoperimetric profile function comparisons with Integral Ricci curvature bounds
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Lee, Jihye and Ricci, Fabio
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Mathematics - Differential Geometry - Abstract
We prove comparison results for the Isoperimetric profile function in the setting of manifolds with integral bounds on the Ricci curvature. We extend previous work of Ni and Wang and Bayle and Rosales under the usual pointwise bounds for the Ricci curvature.
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- 2024
176. GOALS-JWST: The Warm Molecular Outflows of the Merging Starburst Galaxy NGC 3256
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Bohn, Thomas, Inami, Hanae, Togi, Aditya, Armus, Lee, Lai, Thomas S. -Y., Barcos-Munoz, Loreto, Song, Yiqing, Linden, Sean T., Surace, Jason, Bianchin, Marina, U, Vivian, Evans, Aaron S., Böker, Torsten, Malkan, Matthew A., Larson, Kirsten L., Stierwalt, Sabrina, Buiten, Victorine A., Charmandaris, Vassilis, Diaz-Santos, Tanio, Howell, Justin H., Privon, George C., Ricci, Claudio, van der Werf, Paul P., Aalto, Susanne, Hayward, Christopher C., Kader, Justin A., Mazzarella, Joseph M., Muller-Sanchez, Francisco, and Sanders, David B.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Integral Field Spectrograph observations of NGC 3256, a local infrared-luminous late-stage merging system with two nuclei roughly 1$\;\rm{kpc}$ apart, both of which have evidence of cold molecular outflows. Using JWST/NIRSpec and MIRI datasets, we investigate this morphologically complex system on spatial scales of $<$100$\;\rm{pc}$, where we focus on the warm molecular H$_2$ gas surrounding the nuclei. We detect collimated outflowing warm H$_2$ gas originating from the southern nucleus, though we do not find significant outflowing H$_2$ gas surrounding the northern nucleus. We measure maximum intrinsic outflow velocities of $\sim$1,000$\;\rm{km}\;\rm{s}^{-1}$, which extend out to a distance of 0.7$\;\rm{kpc}$. Based on H$_2$ S(7)/S(1) ratios, we find a larger fraction of warmer gas near the S nucleus, which decreases with increasing distance from the nucleus, signifying the southern nucleus as a primary source of H$_2$ heating. The gas mass of the warm H$_2$ outflow component is estimated to be $M\rm{_{warm,out}}=(1.4\pm0.2)\times10^6\;\rm{M}_{\odot}$, as much as 6$\%$ of the cold H$_2$ mass estimated using ALMA CO data. The outflow time scale is about $7\times10^5\;\rm{yr}$, resulting in a mass outflow rate $\dot{M}\rm{_{warm,out}}=2.0\pm0.8\;\rm{M}_{\odot}\;\rm{yr}^{-1}$ and kinetic power $P\rm{_{warm,out}}\;\sim\;4\times10^{41}\;\rm{erg}\;\rm{s}^{-1}$. Lastly, regions within our 3.0"x3.0" NIRSpec data where the outflowing gas reside show high [Fe II]/Pa$\beta$ and H$_2$/Br$\gamma$ line ratios, indicate enhanced mechanical heating caused by the outflows. The fluxes and ratios of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in these regions are not significantly different compared to those elsewhere in the disk, suggesting the outflows may not significantly alter the PAH ionization state or grain size., Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by ApJ
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- 2024
177. Assimilation of SWOT Altimetry and Sentinel-1 Flood Extent Observations for Flood Reanalysis -- A Proof-of-Concept
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Nguyen, Thanh Huy, Ricci, Sophie, Piacentini, Andrea, Emery, Charlotte, Suquet, Raquel Rodriguez, and Luque, Santiago Peña
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing - Abstract
In spite of astonishing advances and developments in remote sensing technologies, meeting the spatio-temporal requirements for flood hydrodynamic modeling remains a great challenge for Earth Observation. The assimilation of multi-source remote sensing data in 2D hydrodynamic models participates to overcome such a challenge. The recently launched Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) wide-swath altimetry satellite provides a global coverage of water surface elevation at a high resolution. SWOT provides complementary observation to radar and optical images, increasing the opportunity to observe and monitor flood events. This research work focuses on the assimilation of 2D flood extent maps derived from Sentinel-1 C-SAR imagery data, and water surface elevation from SWOT as well as in-situ water level measurements. An Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) with a joint state-parameter analysis is implemented on top of a 2D hydrodynamic TELEMAC-2D model to account for errors in roughness, input forcing and water depth in floodplain subdomains. The proposed strategy is carried out in an Observing System Simulation Experiment based on the 2021 flood event over the Garonne Marmandaise catchment. This work makes the most of the large volume of heterogeneous data from space for flood prediction in hindcast mode paves the way for nowcasting., Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE 2024 International Geoscience & Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2024)
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- 2024
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178. Supermassive Black Hole Winds in X-rays -- SUBWAYS. III. A population study on ultra-fast outflows
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Gianolli, V. E., Bianchi, S., Petrucci, P-O, Brusa, M., Chartas, G., Lanzuisi, G., Matzeu, G. A., Parra, M., Ursini, F., Behar, E., Bischetti, M., Comastri, A., Costantini, E., Cresci, G., Dadina, M., De Marco, B., De Rosa, A., Fiore, F., Gaspari, M., Gilli, R., Giustini, M., Guainazzi, M., King, A. R., Kraemer, S., Kriss, G., Krongold, Y., La Franca, F., Longinotti, A. L., Luminari, A., Maiolino, R., Marconi, A., Mathur, S., Matt, G., Mehdipour, M., Merloni, A., Middei, R., Miniutti, G., Nardini, E., Panessa, F., Perna, M., Piconcelli, E., Ponti, G., Ricci, F., Serafinelli, R., Tombesi, F., Vignali, C., and Zappacosta, L.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The detection of blue-shifted absorption lines likely associated with ionized Iron K-shell transitions in the X-ray spectra of many Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) suggests the presence of a highly ionized gas outflowing with mildly relativistic velocities (0.03c-0.6c), named Ultra-Fast Outflow (UFO). Within the SUBWAYS project we characterized these winds starting from a sample of 22 radio-quiet quasars at 0.1 < z < 0.4, and compared the results with similar studies in the literature on samples of 42 local radio-quiet Seyfert galaxies and 14 high redshift radio-quiet quasars. The scope of our work is a statistical study of UFO parameters and incidence, considering key physical properties of the sources, e.g. supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass, bolometric luminosity, accretion rates and Spectral Energy Distribution, with the aim of gaining new insights into the UFO launching mechanisms. We find indications that highly luminous AGN with steeper X-ray/UV ratio, are more likely to host UFO. The presence of UFO is not significantly related to any other AGN property in our sample. These findings suggest that the UFO phenomenon may be transient. Focusing on AGN with UFO, other important results are: (1) faster UFO have larger ionization parameters and column densities; (2) X-ray radiation plays a more crucial role in driving highly ionized winds compared to UV; (3) the correlation between outflow velocity and luminosity is significantly flatter than what expected for radiatively driven winds; (4) more massive BH experience higher wind mass-losses, suppressing accretion of matter onto the BH; (5) the UFO launching radius is positively correlated with the Eddington ratio. Furthermore, our analysis suggest the involvement of multiple launching mechanisms, including radiation pressure and magneto-hydrodynamic processes, rather than pointing to a single, universally applicable mechanism., Comment: 52 pages, 154 figures and 7 tables. Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press
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- 2024
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179. Characterisation of analogue Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor test structures implemented in a 65 nm CMOS imaging process
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Rinella, Gianluca Aglieri, Alocco, Giacomo, Antonelli, Matias, Baccomi, Roberto, Beole, Stefania Maria, Blidaru, Mihail Bogdan, Buttwill, Bent Benedikt, Buschmann, Eric, Camerini, Paolo, Carnesecchi, Francesca, Chartier, Marielle, Choi, Yongjun, Colocci, Manuel, Contin, Giacomo, Dannheim, Dominik, De Gruttola, Daniele, Viera, Manuel Del Rio, Dubla, Andrea, di Mauro, Antonello, Donner, Maurice Calvin, Eberwein, Gregor Hieronymus, Egger, Jan, Fabbietti, Laura, Feindt, Finn, Gautam, Kunal, Gernhaeuser, Roman, Glover, James Julian, Gonella, Laura, Grodaas, Karl Gran, Gregor, Ingrid-Maria, Hillemanns, Hartmut, Huth, Lennart, Ilg, Armin, Isakov, Artem, Jones, Daniel Matthew, Junique, Antoine, Kaewjai, Jetnipit, Keil, Markus, Kim, Jiyoung, Kluge, Alex, Kobdaj, Chinorat, Kotliarov, Artem, Kittimanapun, Kritsada, Křížek, Filip, Kucharska, Gabriela, Kushpil, Svetlana, La Rocca, Paola, Laojamnongwong, Natthawut, Lautner, Lukas, Lemmon, Roy Crawford, Lemoine, Corentin, Li, Long, Librizzi, Francesco, Liu, Jian, Macchiolo, Anna, Mager, Magnus, Marras, Davide, Martinengo, Paolo, Masciocchi, Silvia, Mattiazzo, Serena, Menzel, Marius Wilm, Mulliri, Alice, Mylne, Mia Rose, Piro, Francesco, Rachevski, Alexandre, Rasà, Marika, Rebane, Karoliina, Reidt, Felix, Ricci, Riccardo, Daza, Sara Ruiz, Saccà, Gaspare, Sanna, Isabella, Sarritzu, Valerio, Schlaadt, Judith, Schledewitz, David, Scioli, Gilda, Senyukov, Serhiy, Simancas, Adriana, Snoeys, Walter, Spannagel, Simon, Šuljić, Miljenko, Sturniolo, Alessandro, Tiltmann, Nicolas, Trifirò, Antonio, Usai, Gianluca, Vanat, Tomas, Van Beelen, Jacob Bastiaan, Varga, Laszlo, Verdoglia, Michele, Vignola, Gianpiero, Villani, Anna, Wennloef, Haakan, Witte, Jonathan, and Wittwer, Rebekka Bettina
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
Analogue test structures were fabricated using the Tower Partners Semiconductor Co. CMOS 65 nm ISC process. The purpose was to characterise and qualify this process and to optimise the sensor for the next generation of Monolithic Active Pixels Sensors for high-energy physics. The technology was explored in several variants which differed by: doping levels, pixel geometries and pixel pitches (10-25 $\mu$m). These variants have been tested following exposure to varying levels of irradiation up to 3 MGy and $10^{16}$ 1 MeV n$_\text{eq}$ cm$^{-2}$. Here the results from prototypes that feature direct analogue output of a 4$\times$4 pixel matrix are reported, allowing the systematic and detailed study of charge collection properties. Measurements were taken both using $^{55}$Fe X-ray sources and in beam tests using minimum ionizing particles. The results not only demonstrate the feasibility of using this technology for particle detection but also serve as a reference for future applications and optimisations.
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- 2024
180. Small field chaos in spin glasses: universal predictions from the ultrametric tree and comparison with numerical simulations
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Aguilar-Janita, Miguel, Franz, Silvio, Martin-Mayor, Victor, Moreno-Gordo, Javier, Parisi, Giorgio, Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico, and Ruiz-Lorenzo, Juan J.
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Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks - Abstract
We study the chaotic behavior of the Gibbs state of spin-glasses under the application of an external magnetic field, in the crossover region where the field intensity scales proportional to $1/\sqrt{N}$, being $N$ the system size. We show that Replica Symmetry Breaking (RSB) theory provides universal predictions for chaotic behavior: they depend only on the zero-field overlap probability function $P(q)$ and are independent of other features of the system. Using solely $P(q)$ as input we can analytically predict quantitatively the statistics of the states in a small field. In the infinite volume limit, each spin-glass sample is characterized by an infinite number of states that have a tree-like structure. We generate the corresponding probability distribution through efficient sampling using a representation based on the Bolthausen-Sznitman coalescent. In this way, we can compute quantitatively properties in the presence of a magnetic field in the crossover region, the overlap probability distribution in the presence of a small field and the degree of decorrelation as the field is increased. To test our computations, we have simulated the Bethe lattice spin glass and the 4D Edwards-Anderson model, finding in both cases excellent agreement with the universal predictions., Comment: New version with modifications included after the review process and publication. 17 pages, 13 figures
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- 2024
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181. Investigating model dependencies for obscured Active Galactic Nuclei: a case study of NGC 3982
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Kallová, Kristína, Boorman, Peter G., and Ricci, Claudio
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
X-ray spectroscopy of heavily obscured Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) offers a unique opportunity to study the circum-nuclear environment of accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs). However, individual models describing the obscurer have unique parameter spaces that give distinct parameter posterior distributions when fit to the same data. To assess the impact of model-specific parameter dependencies, we present a case study of the nearby heavily obscured low-luminosity AGN NGC 3982, which has a variety of column density estimations reported in the literature. We fit the same broadband XMM-Newton + NuSTAR spectra of the source with five unique obscuration models and generate posterior parameter distributions for each. By using global parameter exploration, we traverse the full prior-defined parameter space to accurately reproduce complex posterior shapes and inter-parameter degeneracies. The unique model posteriors for the line-of-sight column density are broadly consistent, predicting Compton-thick $N_{\rm H}$ $>1.5\times10^{24}\rm cm^{-2}$ at the 3$\sigma$ confidence level. The posterior median intrinsic X-ray luminosity in the 2-10 keV band however was found to differ substantially, with values in the range log $L_{ 2-10\,{\rm keV}}$ergs$^{-1}$ = 40.9-42.1 for the individual models. We additionally show that the posterior distributions for each model occupy unique regions of their respective multi-dimensional parameters spaces, and how such differences can propagate into the inferred properties of the central engine. We conclude by showcasing the improvement in parameter inference attainable with the High Energy X-ray Probe (HEX-P) with a uniquely broad simultaneous and high-sensitivity bandpass of 0.2-80 keV., Comment: 26 pages, 6+6 figures (text+appendix), 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ
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- 2024
182. Dark Matter Line Searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
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Abe, S., Abhir, J., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angel, L., Aramo, C., Arcaro, C., Arnesen, T. T. H., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasibar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Benbow, W., Berge, D., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Bocchino, F., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnoli, G., Bonollo, A., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Böttcher, M., Bringmann, T., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Buscemi, M., Bylund, T., Cailleux, J., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capasso, G., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cassol, F., Castaldini, L., Castrejon, N., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P. M., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Colapietro, M., Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dai, S., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., del Valle, M. V., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Diebold, S., Dinesh, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Ducci, L., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Errando, M., Escanuela, C., Escarate, P., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Fiori, M., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Furniss, A., Galanti, G., Galaz, G., Galelli, C., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht Formiga, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giuffrida, R., Glicenstein, J. -F., Glombitza, J., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Gradetzke, T., Granot, J., Grasso, D., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grolleron, G., Guedes, L. M. V., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heß, B., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hinton, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Inoue, Y., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jean, P., Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalekin, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kazanas, D., Kerszberg, D., Kieda, D. B., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Lazendic-Galloway, J., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Leto, G., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lipniacka, A., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Majumdar, P., Mallamaci, M., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mestre, E., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Miceli, M., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nakamori, T., Nayak, A., Nemmen, R., Neto, J. P., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nikolić, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Orlando, S., Ostrowski, M., Otero-Santos, J., Oya, I., Pagano, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patricelli, B., Pe'er, A., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Persic, M., Peters, K. P., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pinchbeck, L., Pirola, G., Pittori, C., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Pollet, V., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Prouza, M., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Ricci, C., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiter, A. J., Rulten, C. B., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sandaker, H., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santos-Lima, R., Sapienza, V., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Saturni, F. G., Savarese, S., Scherer, A., Schiavone, F., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schovanek, P., Schubert, J. L., Schwanke, U., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seitenzahl, I. R., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Siegert, T., Siejkowski, H., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Hatlen, E. Sæther, Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Świerk, P., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Trois, A., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., Vallés, R., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vignatti, J., Vigorito, C. F., Villanueva, J., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., White, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zaharijas, G., Zampieri, L., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhang, W., Zhdanov, V. I., Ziętara, K., Živec, M., and Zuriaga-Puig, J.
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
Monochromatic gamma-ray signals constitute a potential smoking gun signature for annihilating or decaying dark matter particles that could relatively easily be distinguished from astrophysical or instrumental backgrounds. We provide an updated assessment of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to such signals, based on observations of the Galactic centre region as well as of selected dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We find that current limits and detection prospects for dark matter masses above 300 GeV will be significantly improved, by up to an order of magnitude in the multi-TeV range. This demonstrates that CTA will set a new standard for gamma-ray astronomy also in this respect, as the world's largest and most sensitive high-energy gamma-ray observatory, in particular due to its exquisite energy resolution at TeV energies and the adopted observational strategy focussing on regions with large dark matter densities. Throughout our analysis, we use up-to-date instrument response functions, and we thoroughly model the effect of instrumental systematic uncertainties in our statistical treatment. We further present results for other potential signatures with sharp spectral features, e.g.~box-shaped spectra, that would likewise very clearly point to a particle dark matter origin., Comment: 44 pages JCAP style (excluding author list and references), 19 figures; minor changes to match published version
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- 2024
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183. AGN feedback in the Local Universe: multiphase outflow of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 5506
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Esposito, Federico, Alonso-Herrero, Almudena, García-Burillo, Santiago, Casasola, Viviana, Combes, Françoise, Dallacasa, Daniele, Davies, Richard, García-Bernete, Ismael, García-Lorenzo, Begoña, Muñoz, Laura Hermosa, de Arriba, Luis Peralta, Pereira-Santaella, Miguel, Pozzi, Francesca, Almeida, Cristina Ramos, Shimizu, Thomas Taro, Vallini, Livia, Bellocchi, Enrica, González-Martín, Omaira, Hicks, Erin K. S., Hönig, Sebastian, Labiano, Alvaro, Levenson, Nancy A., Ricci, Claudio, and Rosario, David J.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present new optical GTC/MEGARA seeing-limited (0.9") integral-field observations of NGC 5506, together with ALMA observations of the CO(3-2) transition at a 0.2" (25 pc) resolution. NGC 5506 is a luminous (bolometric luminosity of $\sim 10^{44}$ erg/s) nearby (26 Mpc) Seyfert galaxy, part of the Galaxy Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey (GATOS). We modelled the CO(3-2) kinematics with 3D-Barolo, revealing a rotating and outflowing cold gas ring within the central 1.2 kpc. We derived an integrated cold molecular gas mass outflow rate for the ring of 8 M$_{\odot}$/yr. We fitted the optical emission lines with a maximum of two Gaussian components to separate rotation from non-circular motions. We detected high [OIII]$\lambda$5007 projected velocities (up to 1000 km/s) at the active galactic nucleus (AGN) position, decreasing with radius to an average 330 km/s around 350 pc. We also modelled the [OIII] gas kinematics with a non-parametric method, estimating the ionisation parameter and electron density in every spaxel, from which we derived an ionised mass outflow rate of 0.076 M$_{\odot}$/yr within the central 1.2 kpc. Regions of high CO(3-2) velocity dispersion, extending to projected distances of 350 pc from the AGN, appear to be the result from the interaction of the AGN wind with molecular gas in the galaxy's disc. Additionally, we find the ionised outflow to spatially correlate with radio and soft X-ray emission in the central kiloparsec. We conclude that the effects of AGN feedback in NGC 5506 manifest as a large-scale ionised wind interacting with the molecular disc, resulting in outflows extending to radial distances of 610 pc, Comment: 24 pages, 30 figures, accepted for publication by Astronomy & Astrophysics
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- 2024
184. Undergraduate data science education: Who has the microphone and what are they saying?
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Dogucu, Mine, Demirci, Sinem, Bendekgey, Harry, Ricci, Federica Zoe, and Medina, Catalina M.
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Statistics - Other Statistics - Abstract
The presence of data science has been profound in the scientific community in almost every discipline. An important part of the data science education expansion has been at the undergraduate level. We conducted a systematic literature review to (1) specify current evidence and knowledge gaps in undergraduate data science education and (2) inform policymakers and data science educators/practitioners about the present status of data science education research. The majority of the publications in data science education that met our search criteria were available open-access. Our results indicate that data science education research lacks empirical data and reproducibility. Not all disciplines contribute equally to the field of data science education. Computer science and data science as a separate field emerge as the leading contributors to the literature. In contrast, fields such as statistics, mathematics, as well as other fields closely related to data science exhibit a limited presence in studies. We recommend that federal agencies and researchers 1) invest in empirical data science education research; 2) diversify research efforts to enrich the spectrum of types of studies; 3) encourage scholars in key data science fields that are currently underrepresented in the literature to contribute more to research and publications., Comment: 1 figure and 2 tables
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- 2024
185. COSMOS2020: Investigating the AGN-obscured accretion phase at $z\sim 1$ via [NeV] selection
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Barchiesi, L., Vignali, C., Pozzi, F., Gilli, R., Mignoli, M., Gruppioni, C., Lapi, A., Marchesi, S., Ricci, F., and Urry, C. M.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We investigated the properties of 94 [NeV]3426AA-selected type 2 AGN in COSMOS at z=0.6-1.2, performing optical-to-far-infrared spectral energy distribution fitting. In addition, we analyze the X-ray spectra of the X-ray-detected sources to obtain reliable values of the AGN obscuration and intrinsic luminosity. We found that more than two-thirds of our sample is composed of very obscured sources, with about 20% of the sources being candidate CT-AGN and half being AGNs in a strong phase of accretion. With respect to non-active galaxies, we find a higher fraction of sources within the main sequence and little evidence for AGNs quenching the SF. The comparison with the prediction from the in situ co-evolution model suggests that [NeV] is an effective tool for selecting galaxies in the obscured growth phase of the BH-galaxy co-evolution paradigm. We find that the "quenching phase" is still to come for most of the sample and only few galaxies show evidence of quenched SF activity., Comment: Accepted in A&A, 16 pages, 14 figures
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- 2024
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186. A Newborn AGN in a Starforming Galaxy
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Arévalo, P., López-Navas, E., Martínez-Aldama, M. L., Lira, P., Bernal, S., Sánchez-Sáez, P., Salvato, M., Hernández-García, L., Ricci, C., Merloni, A., and Krumpe, M.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We report on the finding of a newborn AGN, i.e. current AGN activity in a galaxy previously classified as non-active, and characterize its evolution. Black hole ignition event candidates were selected from a parent sample of spectrally classified non-active galaxies (2.394.312 objects), that currently show optical flux variability indicative of a type I AGN, according to the ALeRCE light curve classifier. A second epoch spectrum for a sample of candidate newborn AGN were obtained with the SOAR telescope to search for new AGN features. We present spectral results for the most convincing case of new AGN activity, for a galaxy with a previous star-forming optical classification, where the second epoch spectrum shows the appearance of prominent, broad Balmer lines without significant changes in the narrow line flux ratios. Long term optical lightcurves show a steady increase in luminosity starting 1.5 years after the SDSS spectrum was taken and continuing for at least 7 years. MIR colors from the WISE catalog have also evolved from typical non active galaxy colors to AGN-like colors and recent X-ray flux detections confirm its AGN nature., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
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- 2024
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187. Double, double, toil, and trouble: The tails, bubbles, and knots of the local compact obscured nucleus galaxy NGC4418
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Wethers, C. F., Aalto, S., Privon, G. C., Stanley, F., Gallagher, J., Gorski, M., König, S., Onishi, K., Sato, M., Yang, C., Beswick, R., Combes, L. Barcos-Munoz F., Diaz-Santos, T., Evans, A. S., Garcia-Bernete, I., Henkel, C., Imanishi, M., Martín, S., Muller, S., Nishimura, Y., Ricci, C., Rigopoulou, D., and Viti, S.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Compact obscured nuclei (CONs) are an extremely obscured (N$_{H2}$ >10$^{25}$ cm$^{-2}$) class of galaxy nuclei thought to exist in 20-40 per cent of nearby (ultra-)luminous infrared galaxies. While they have been proposed to represent a key phase of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback cycle, the nature of these CONs - what powers them, their dynamics, and their impact on the host galaxy - remains unknown. This work analyses the large-scale optical properties of the local CON, NGC4418 (z=0.00727). We present new, targeted integral field unit observations of the galaxy with the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE). For the first time, we map the ionised and neutral gas components of the galaxy, along with their dynamical structure, to reveal several previously unknown features of the galaxy. We confirm the presence of a previously postulated blueshifted outflow along the minor axis of NGC4418. We find this outflow to be decelerating and, for the first time, show it to extend bilaterally from the nucleus. We report the discovery of two further outflow structures: a redshifted southern outflow connected to a tail of ionised gas surrounding the galaxy and a blueshifted bubble to the north. In addition to these features, we find the [OIII] emission reveals the presence of knots across the galaxy, which are consistent with regions of the galaxy that have been photoionised by an AGN. Based on the properties of these features, we conclude that the CON in NGC4418 is most likely powered by AGN activity., Comment: 17 pages, 15 figures, accepted to A&A
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- 2024
188. CON-quest II. Spatially and spectrally resolved HCN/HCO+ line ratios in local luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies
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Nishimura, Y., Aalto, S., Gorski, M. D., König, S., Onishi, K., Wethers, C., Yang, C., Barcos-Muñoz, L., Combes, F., Díaz-Santos, T., Gallagher, J. S., García-Burillo, S., González-Alfonso, E., Greve, T. R., Harada, N., Henkel, C., Imanishi, M., Kohno, K., Linden, S. T., Mangum, J. G., Martín, S., Muller, S., Privon, G. C., Ricci, C., Stanley, F., van der Werf, P. P., and Viti, S.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Nuclear regions of ultraluminous and luminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs) are powered by starbursts and/or active galactic nuclei (AGNs). These regions are often obscured by extremely high columns of gas and dust. Molecular lines in the submillimeter windows have the potential to determine the physical conditions of these compact obscured nuclei (CONs). We aim to reveal the distributions of HCN and HCO$^+$ emission in local U/LIRGs and investigate whether and how they are related to galaxy properties. Using ALMA, we have conducted sensitive observations of the HCN J=3--2 and HCO$^+$ J=3--2 lines toward 23 U/LIRGs in the local Universe (z < 0.07) with a spatial resolution of ~0.3" (~50--400 pc). We detected both HCN and HCO$^+$ in 21 galaxies, only HCN in one galaxy, and neither in one galaxy. The global HCN/HCO$^+$ line ratios, averaged over scales of ~0.5--4 kpc, range from 0.4 to 2.3, with an unweighted mean of 1.1. These line ratios appear to have no systematic trend with bolometric AGN luminosity or star formation rate. The line ratio varies with position and velocity within each galaxy, with an average interquartile range of 0.38 on a spaxel-by-spaxel basis. In eight out of ten galaxies known to have outflows and/or inflows, we found spatially and kinematically symmetric structures of high line ratios. These structures appear as a collimated bicone in two galaxies and as a thin spherical shell in six galaxies. Non-LTE analysis suggests that the high HCN/HCO$^+$ line ratio in outflows is predominantly influenced by the abundance ratio. Chemical model calculations indicate that the enhancement of HCN abundance in outflows is likely due to high-temperature chemistry triggered by shock heating. These results imply that the HCN/HCO$^+$ line ratio can aid in identifying the outflow geometry when the shock velocity of the outflows is sufficiently high to heat the gas., Comment: 52 pages, 35 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
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- 2024
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189. Snap Video: Scaled Spatiotemporal Transformers for Text-to-Video Synthesis
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Menapace, Willi, Siarohin, Aliaksandr, Skorokhodov, Ivan, Deyneka, Ekaterina, Chen, Tsai-Shien, Kag, Anil, Fang, Yuwei, Stoliar, Aleksei, Ricci, Elisa, Ren, Jian, and Tulyakov, Sergey
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Contemporary models for generating images show remarkable quality and versatility. Swayed by these advantages, the research community repurposes them to generate videos. Since video content is highly redundant, we argue that naively bringing advances of image models to the video generation domain reduces motion fidelity, visual quality and impairs scalability. In this work, we build Snap Video, a video-first model that systematically addresses these challenges. To do that, we first extend the EDM framework to take into account spatially and temporally redundant pixels and naturally support video generation. Second, we show that a U-Net - a workhorse behind image generation - scales poorly when generating videos, requiring significant computational overhead. Hence, we propose a new transformer-based architecture that trains 3.31 times faster than U-Nets (and is ~4.5 faster at inference). This allows us to efficiently train a text-to-video model with billions of parameters for the first time, reach state-of-the-art results on a number of benchmarks, and generate videos with substantially higher quality, temporal consistency, and motion complexity. The user studies showed that our model was favored by a large margin over the most recent methods. See our website at https://snap-research.github.io/snapvideo/.
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- 2024
190. Schwartz correspondence for real motion groups in low dimensions
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Astengo, Francesca, Di Blasio, Bianca, and Ricci, Fulvio
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Mathematics - Functional Analysis ,43A85, 43A90, 22E30 - Abstract
For a Gelfand pair $(G,K)$ with $G$ a Lie group of polynomial growth and $K$ a compact subgroup, the "Schwartz correspondence" states that the spherical transform maps the bi-$K$-invariant Schwartz space ${\mathcal S}(K\backslash G/K)$ isomorphically onto the space ${\mathcal S}(\Sigma_{\mathcal D})$, where $\Sigma_{\mathcal D}$ is an embedded copy of the Gelfand spectrum in ${\mathbb R}^\ell$, canonically associated to a generating system ${\mathcal D}$ of $G$-invariant differential operators on $G/K$, and ${\mathcal S}(\Sigma_{\mathcal D})$ consists of restrictions to $\Sigma_{\mathcal D}$ of Schwartz functions on ${\mathbb R}^\ell$. Schwartz correspondence is known to hold for a large variety of Gelfand pairs of polynomial growth. In this paper we prove that it holds for the strong Gelfand pair $(M_n,SO_n)$ with $n=3,4$. The rather trivial case $n=2$ is included in previous work by the same authors.
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- 2024
191. Exploring the Flavor Symmetry Landscape
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Glioti, Alfredo, Rattazzi, Riccardo, Ricci, Lorenzo, and Vecchi, Luca
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We explore flavor dynamics in the broad scenario of a strongly interacting light Higgs (SILH). Our study focuses on the mechanism of partial fermion compositeness, but is otherwise as systematic as possible. Concretely, we classify the options for the underlying flavor (and CP) symmetries, which are necessary in order to bring this scenario safely within the range of present or future explorations. Our main goal in this context is to provide a practical map between the space of hypotheses (the models) and the experimental ground that will be explored in the medium and long term, in both indirect and direct searches, in practice at HL-LHC and Belle II, in EDM searches and eventually at FCC-hh. Our study encompasses scenarios with the maximal possible flavor symmetry, corresponding to minimal flavor violation (MFV), scenarios with no symmetry, corresponding to the so-called flavor anarchy, and various intermediate cases that complete the picture. One main result is that the scenarios that allow for the lowest new physics scale have intermediate flavor symmetry rather than the maximal symmetry of MFV models. Such optimal models are rather resilient to indirect exploration via flavor and CP violating observables, and can only be satisfactorily explored at a future high-energy collider. On the other hand, the next two decades of indirect exploration will significantly stress the parameter space of a large swath of less optimal but more generic models up to mass scales competing with those of the FCC-hh., Comment: Small fixes. 105 pages, 9 figures, 16 tables
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- 2024
192. High-quality Extragalactic Legacy-field Monitoring (HELM) with DECam
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Zhuang, Ming-Yang, Yang, Qian, Shen, Yue, Adamow, Monika, Friedel, Douglas N., Gruendl, R. A., Liu, Xin, Martini, Paul, Abbott, Timothy M. C., Anderson, Scott F., Assef, Roberto J., Bauer, Franz E., Bielby, Rich, Brandt, W. N., Burke, Colin J., Casares, Jorge, Chen, Yu-Ching, De Rosa, Gisella, Drlica-Wagner, Alex, Dwelly, Tom, Eltvedt, Alice, Alvarez, Gloria Fonseca, Fu, Jianyang, Fuentes, Cesar, Graham, Melissa L., Grier, Catherine J., Golovich, Nathan, Hall, Patrick B., Hartigan, Patrick, Horne, Keith, Koekemoer, Anton M., Krumpe, Mirko, Li, Jennifer I., Lidman, Chris, Malik, Umang, Mangian, Amelia, Merloni, Andrea, Ricci, Claudio, Salvato, Mara, Sharp, Rob, Stone, Zachary, Trilling, David E., Tucker, Brad E., Wen, Di, Wideman, Zachary, Xue, Yongquan, Yu, Zhefu, and Zucker, Catherine
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
High-quality Extragalactic Legacy-field Monitoring (HELM) is a long-term observing program that photometrically monitors several well-studied extragalactic legacy fields with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) imager on the CTIO 4m Blanco telescope. Since Feb 2019, HELM has been monitoring regions within COSMOS, XMM-LSS, CDF-S, S-CVZ, ELAIS-S1, and SDSS Stripe 82 with few-day cadences in the $(u)gri(z)$ bands, over a collective sky area of $\sim 38$ deg${\rm ^2}$. The main science goal of HELM is to provide high-quality optical light curves for a large sample of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and to build decades-long time baselines when combining past and future optical light curves in these legacy fields. These optical images and light curves will facilitate the measurements of AGN reverberation mapping lags, as well as studies of AGN variability and its dependences on accretion properties. In addition, the time-resolved and coadded DECam photometry will enable a broad range of science applications from galaxy evolution to time-domain science. We describe the design and implementation of the program and present the first data release that includes source catalogs and the first $\sim 3.5$ years of light curves during 2019A--2022A., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, submitted to ApJS. Median source catalogs and light curves of individual objects are publicly available at https://ariel.astro.illinois.edu/helm/
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- 2024
193. [O IV] and [Ne V]-weak AGNs Hidden by Compton-thick Material in Late Mergers
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Yamada, Satoshi, Ueda, Yoshihiro, Kawamuro, Taiki, Ricci, Claudio, Toba, Yoshiki, Imanishi, Masatoshi, Miyaji, Takamitsu, Tanimoto, Atsushi, Ichikawa, Kohei, Herrera-Endoqui, Martin, Ogawa, Shoji, Uematsu, Ryosuke, and Wada, Keiichi
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We study "buried" active galactic nuclei (AGNs) almost fully covered by circumnuclear material in ultra-/luminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs), which show weak ionized lines from narrow line regions. Employing an indicator of [O IV] 25.89-um or [Ne V] 14.32-um line to 12-um AGN luminosity ratio, we find 17 buried AGN candidates that are [O IV]-weak ($L_{\rm [O\,IV]}$/$L_{\rm 12,AGN} \leq -$3.0) or [Ne V]-weak ($L_{\rm [Ne\,V]}$/$L_{\rm 12,AGN} \leq -$3.4) among 30 AGNs in local U/LIRGs. For the [O IV]-weak AGNs, we estimate their covering fractions of Compton-thick (CT; $N_{\rm H} \geq 10^{24}$ cm$^{-2}$) material with an X-ray clumpy torus model to be $f^{\rm (spec)}_{\rm CT} = 0.55\pm0.19$ on average. This value is consistent with the fraction of CT AGNs ($f^{\rm (stat)}_{\rm CT} = 53\pm12$%) among the [O IV]-weak AGNs in U/LIRGs and much larger than that in Swift/BAT AGNs ($23\pm6$%). The fraction of [O IV]-weak AGNs increases from $27^{+13}_{-10}$% (early) to $66^{+10}_{-12}$% (late mergers). Similar results are obtained with the [Ne V] line. The [O IV] or [Ne V]-weak AGNs in late mergers show larger $N_{\rm H}$ and Eddington ratios ($\lambda_{\rm Edd}$) than those of the Swift/BAT AGNs, and the largest $N_{\rm H}$ is $\gtrsim$10$^{25}$ cm$^{-2}$ at ${\log}\lambda_{\rm Edd} \sim -$1, close to the effective Eddington limit for CT material. These suggest that (1) the circumnuclear material in buried AGNs is regulated by the radiation force from high-$\lambda_{\rm Edd}$ AGNs on the CT obscurers, and (2) their dense material with large $f^{\rm (spec)}_{\rm CT}$ ($\sim 0.5 \pm 0.1$) in U/LIRGs is a likely cause of a unique structure of buried AGNs, whose amount of material may be maintained through merger-induced supply from their host galaxies., Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, and 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
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- 2024
194. High-resolution ALMA observations of compact discs in the wide-binary system Sz 65 and Sz 66
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Miley, J. M., Carpenter, J., Booth, R., Jennings, J., Haworth, T. J., Vioque, M., Andrews, S., Wilner, D., Benisty, M., Huang, J., Perez, L., Guzman, V., Ricci, L., and Isella, A.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
Substructures in disc density are ubiquitous in the bright extended discs that are observed with high resolution. These substructures are intimately linked to the physical mechanisms driving planet formation and disc evolution. Surveys of star-forming regions find that most discs are in fact compact, less luminous, and do not exhibit these same substructures. It remains unclear whether compact discs also have similar substructures or if they are featureless. This suggests that different planet formation and disc evolution mechanisms operate in these discs. We investigated evidence of substructure within two compact discs around the stars Sz 65 and Sz 66 using high angular resolution observations with ALMA at 1.3 mm. The two stars form a wide-binary system with 6.36 arcsec separation. The continuum observations achieve a synthesised beam major axis of 0.026 arcsec, equivalent to about 4.0 au, enabling a search for substructure on these spatial scales and a characterisation of the gas and dust disc sizes with high precision. We analysed the data in the image plane through an analysis of reconstructed images, as well as in the uv plane by modelling the visibilities and by an analysis of the 12CO emission line. Comparisons were made with high-resolution observations of compact discs and radially extended discs. We find evidence of substructure in the dust distribution of Sz 65, namely a shallow gap centred at approximately 20 au, with an emission ring exterior to it. Ninety percent of the measured continuum flux is found within 27 au, and the distance for 12CO is 142 au. The observations show that Sz 66 is very compact: 90 per cent of the continuum flux is contained within 16 au, and 48 au for the gas. While the overall prevalence and diversity of substructure in compact discs relative to larger discs is yet to be determined, we find evidence that substructures can exist in compact discs.
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- 2024
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195. Multi-zone trapped-ion qubit control in an integrated photonics QCCD device
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Mordini, Carmelo, Vasquez, Alfredo Ricci, Motohashi, Yuto, Müller, Mose, Malinowski, Maciej, Zhang, Chi, Mehta, Karan K., Kienzler, Daniel, and Home, Jonathan P.
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Quantum Physics ,Physics - Atomic Physics - Abstract
Multiplexed operations and extended coherent control over multiple trapping sites are fundamental requirements for a trapped-ion processor in a large scale architecture. Here we demonstrate these building blocks using a surface-electrode trap with integrated photonic components which are scalable to larger numbers of zones. We implement a Ramsey sequence using the integrated light in two zones, separated by 375 $\mu$m, performing transport of the ion from one zone to the other in 200 $\mu$s between pulses. In order to achieve low motional excitation during transport, we developed techniques to measure and mitigate the effect of the exposed dielectric surfaces used to deliver the integrated light to the ion. We also demonstrate simultaneous control of two ions in separate zones with low optical crosstalk, and use this to perform simultaneous spectroscopy to correlate field noise between the two sites. Our work demonstrates the first transport and coherent multi-zone operations in integrated photonic ion trap systems, forming the basis for further scaling in the trapped-ion QCCD architecture., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures
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- 2024
196. Democratizing Fine-grained Visual Recognition with Large Language Models
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Liu, Mingxuan, Roy, Subhankar, Li, Wenjing, Zhong, Zhun, Sebe, Nicu, and Ricci, Elisa
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Identifying subordinate-level categories from images is a longstanding task in computer vision and is referred to as fine-grained visual recognition (FGVR). It has tremendous significance in real-world applications since an average layperson does not excel at differentiating species of birds or mushrooms due to subtle differences among the species. A major bottleneck in developing FGVR systems is caused by the need of high-quality paired expert annotations. To circumvent the need of expert knowledge we propose Fine-grained Semantic Category Reasoning (FineR) that internally leverages the world knowledge of large language models (LLMs) as a proxy in order to reason about fine-grained category names. In detail, to bridge the modality gap between images and LLM, we extract part-level visual attributes from images as text and feed that information to a LLM. Based on the visual attributes and its internal world knowledge the LLM reasons about the subordinate-level category names. Our training-free FineR outperforms several state-of-the-art FGVR and language and vision assistant models and shows promise in working in the wild and in new domains where gathering expert annotation is arduous., Comment: Accepted as a conference paper at ICLR 2024; Project page: https://projfiner.github.io/
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- 2024
197. A Generalization of Bivariate Lack-of-Memory Properties
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Ricci, Massimo
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Mathematics - Probability - Abstract
In this paper, we propose an extension of the standard strong and weak lack-of-memory properties. We say that the survival function $\bar{F}$ of the vector $(X,Y)$ satisfies pseudo lack-of-memory property in strong version if \begin{equation} \label{strong}\bar F_{X,Y}(s_1+t_1,s_2+t_2)=\bar F_{X,Y}(s_1,s_2)\otimes_h\bar F_{X,Y}(t_1,t_2), \ t_1,t_2,s_1,s_2 \geq 0 \end{equation} and in weak version if \begin{equation}\label{weak}\bar F_{X,Y}(s_1+t,s_2+t)=\bar F_{X,Y}(s_1,s_2)\otimes_h\bar F_{X,Y}(t,t), \ s_1,s_2,t \geq 0\end{equation} with $a\otimes_hb=h\left (h^{-1}(a)\cdot h^{-1}(b)\right )$, where $h$ is an increasing bijection of $[0,1]$, called generator. After finding sufficient conditions under which the solutions of the above functional equations are bivariate survival functions, we focus on distributions satisfying the latter: we study specific properties in comparison with standard lack-of-memory property and we give a characterization in terms of the random variables $\min(X,Y)$ and $ X -Y$. Finally, we investigate the induced dependence structure, determining their singularity in full generality and studying the upper and lower dependence coefficients for some specific choices of the marginal survival functions and of the generator $h$.
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- 2024
198. EUSO-SPB1 Mission and Science
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Collaboration, JEM-EUSO, Abdellaoui, G., Abe, S., Adams. Jr., J. H., Allard, D., Alonso, G., Anchordoqui, L., Anzalone, A., Arnone, E., Asano, K., Attallah, R., Attoui, H., Pernas, M. Ave, Bachmann, R., Bacholle, S., Bagheri, M., Bakiri, M., Baláz, J., Barghini, D., Bartocci, S., Battisti, M., Bayer, J., Beldjilali, B., Belenguer, T., Belkhalfa, N., Bellotti, R., Belov, A. A., Benmessai, K., Bertaina, M., Bertone, P. F., Biermann, P. L., Bisconti, F., Blaksley, C., Blanc, N., Blin-Bondil, S., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bolmgren, K., Bozzo, E., Briz, S., Bruno, A., Caballero, K. S., Cafagna, F., Cambié, G., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J. N., Capel, F., Caramete, A., Caramete, L., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellina, A., Catalano, O., Cellino, A., Černý, K., Chikawa, M., Chiritoi, G., Christl, M. J., Colalillo, R., Conti, L., Cotto, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Creusot, A., Cummings, A., Gónzalez, A. de Castro, de la Taille, C., del Peral, L., Desiato, J., Damian, A. Diaz, Diesing, R., Dinaucourt, P., Djakonow, A., Djemil, T., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Eser, J., Fenu, F., Fernández-González, S., Ferrarese, S., Filippatos, G., Finch, W., Fornaro, C., Fouka, M., Franceschi, A., Franchini, S., Fuglesang, C., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., García-Ortega, E., Gardiol, D., Garipov, G. K., Gascón, E., Gazda, E., Genci, J., Golzio, A., Gorodetzky, P., Gregg, R., Green, A., Guarino, F., Guépin, C., Guzmán, A., Hachisu, Y., Haungs, A., Heigbes, T., Carretero, J. Hernández, Hulett, L., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Isgrò, F., Itow, Y., Jammer, T., Jeong, S., Jochum, J., Joven, E., Judd, E. G., Jung, A., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kalli, S., Kaneko, I., Kasztelan, M., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Kedadra, A., Khales, H., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, Jeong-Sook, Kim, Soon-Wook, Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kreykenbohm, I., Krizmanic, J. F., Królik, K., Kungel, V., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., Lahmar, H., Lakhdari, F., Licandro, J., Campano, L. López, Martínez, F. López, Mackovjak, S., Mahdi, M., Mandát, D., Manfrin, M., Marcelli, L., Marcos, J. L., Marszał, W., Martín, Y., Martinez, O., Mase, K., Mastafa, M., Matthews, J. N., Mebarki, N., Medina-Tanco, G., Menshikov, A., Merino, A., Mese, M., Meseguer, J., Meyer, S. S., Mimouni, J., Miyamoto, H., Mizumoto, Y., Monaco, A., Ríos, J. A. Morales de los, Nachtman, J. M., Nagataki, S., Naitamor, S., Napolitano, T., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Onel, Y., Osteria, G., Otte, A. N., Pagliaro, A., Painter, W., Panasyuk, M. I., Panico, B., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Pastircak, B., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pérez-Grande, I., Perfetto, F., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pindado, S., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Plebaniak, Z., Pollini, A., Popescu, E. M., Prevete, R., Prévôt, G., Prieto, H., Przybylak, M., Puehlhofer, G., Putis, M., Reardon, P., Reno, M. H., Reyes, M., Ricci, M., Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Matamala, O. F. Romero, Ronga, F., Sabau, M. D., Saccá, G., Sagawa, H., Sahnoune, Z., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Salazar, H., Sánchez, J. L., Balanzar, J. C. Sanchez, Santangelo, A., Sanz-Andrés, A., Saprykin, O. A., Sarazin, F., Sato, M., Scagliola, A., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Schovánek, P., Scotti, V., Serra, M., Sharakin, S. A., Shimizu, H. M., Shinozaki, K., Soriano, J. F., Sotgiu, A., Stan, I., Strharský, I., Sugiyama, N., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelski, J., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Talai, M. C., Tameda, Y., Tenzer, C., Thomas, S. B., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L. G., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Traïche, M., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Turriziani, S., Uchihori, Y., Valdés-Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Valore, L., Vankova-Kirilova, G., Venters, T. M., Vigorito, C., Villaseñor, L., Vlcek, B., von Ballmoos, P., Vrabel, M., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watts. Jr., J., Muñoz, R. Weigand, Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Yamamoto, T., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zgura, I. S., Zotov, M. Yu., and Marchi, A. Zuccaro
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 1 (EUSO-SPB1) was launched in 2017 April from Wanaka, New Zealand. The plan of this mission of opportunity on a NASA super pressure balloon test flight was to circle the southern hemisphere. The primary scientific goal was to make the first observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray extensive air showers (EASs) by looking down on the atmosphere with an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence telescope from suborbital altitude (33~km). After 12~days and 4~hours aloft, the flight was terminated prematurely in the Pacific Ocean. Before the flight, the instrument was tested extensively in the West Desert of Utah, USA, with UV point sources and lasers. The test results indicated that the instrument had sensitivity to EASs of approximately 3 EeV. Simulations of the telescope system, telescope on time, and realized flight trajectory predicted an observation of about 1 event assuming clear sky conditions. The effects of high clouds were estimated to reduce this value by approximately a factor of 2. A manual search and a machine-learning-based search did not find any EAS signals in these data. Here we review the EUSO-SPB1 instrument and flight and the EAS search., Comment: 18 pages, 19 figures
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
199. Exploring Changing-look Active Galactic Nuclei with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey V: First Year Results
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Zeltyn, Grisha, Trakhtenbrot, Benny, Eracleous, Michael, Yang, Qian, Green, Paul, Anderson, Scott F., LaMassa, Stephanie, Runnoe, Jessie, Assef, Roberto J., Bauer, Franz E., Brandt, W. N., Davis, Megan C., Frederick, Sara E., Fries, Logan B., Graham, Matthew J., Grogin, Norman A., Guolo, Muryel, Hernández-García, Lorena, Koekemoer, Anton M., Krumpe, Mirko, Liu, Xin, Martínez-Aldama, Mary Loli, Ricci, Claudio, Schneider, Donald P., Shen, Yue, Śniegowska, Marzena, Temple, Matthew J., Trump, Jonathan R., Xue, Yongquan, Brownstein, Joel R., Dwelly, Tom, Morrison, Sean, Bizyaev, Dmitry, Pan, Kaike, and Kollmeier, Juna A.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
"Changing-look" active galactic nuclei (CL-AGNs) challenge our basic ideas about the physics of accretion flows and circumnuclear gas around supermassive black holes. Using first-year Sloan Digital Sky Survey V (SDSS-V) repeated spectroscopy of nearly 29,000 previously known AGNs, combined with dedicated follow-up spectroscopy, and publicly available optical light curves, we have identified 116 CL-AGNs where (at least) one broad emission line has essentially (dis-)appeared, as well as 88 other extremely variable systems. Our CL-AGN sample, with 107 newly identified cases, is the largest reported to date, and includes $\sim0.4\%$ of the AGNs reobserved in first-year SDSS-V operations. Among our CL-AGNs, 67% exhibit dimming while 33% exhibit brightening. Our sample probes extreme AGN spectral variability on months to decades timescales, including some cases of recurring transitions on surprisingly short timescales ($\lesssim 2$ months in the rest frame). We find that CL events are preferentially found in lower-Eddington-ratio ($f_{Edd}$) systems: Our CL-AGNs have a $f_{Edd}$ distribution that significantly differs from that of a carefully constructed, redshift- and luminosity-matched control sample (Anderson-Darling test yielding $p_{\rm AD}\approx 6\times10^{-5}$; median $f_{Edd}\approx0.025$ vs. $0.043$). This preference for low $f_{Edd}$ strengthens previous findings of higher CL-AGN incidence at lower $f_{Edd}$, found in smaller samples. Finally, we show that the broad MgII emission line in our CL-AGN sample tends to vary significantly less than the broad H$\beta$ emission line. Our large CL-AGN sample demonstrates the advantages and challenges in using multi-epoch spectroscopy from large surveys to study extreme AGN variability and physics., Comment: Submitted to ApJ. Full tables and figure-sets will be published upon acceptance, and can be made available upon request$.$
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- 2024
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200. Computationally restoring the potency of a clinical antibody against Omicron.
- Author
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Desautels, Thomas, Arrildt, Kathryn, Zemla, Adam, Lau, Edmond, Zhu, Fangqiang, Ricci, Dante, Cronin, Stephanie, Zost, Seth, Binshtein, Elad, Scheaffer, Suzanne, Dadonaite, Bernadeta, Petersen, Brenden, Engdahl, Taylor, Chen, Elaine, Handal, Laura, Hall, Lynn, Goforth, John, Vashchenko, Denis, Nguyen, Sam, Weilhammer, Dina, Lo, Jacky, Rubinfeld, Bonnee, Saada, Edwin, Weisenberger, Tracy, Lee, Tek-Hyung, Whitener, Bradley, Case, James, Ladd, Alexander, Silva, Mary, Haluska, Rebecca, Grzesiak, Emilia, Earnhart, Christopher, Hopkins, Svetlana, Bates, Thomas, Thackray, Larissa, Segelke, Brent, Lillo, Antonietta, Sundaram, Shivshankar, Bloom, Jesse, Diamond, Michael, Crowe, James, Carnahan, Robert, and Faissol, Daniel
- Subjects
Animals ,Female ,Humans ,Mice ,Antibodies ,Monoclonal ,Antibodies ,Neutralizing ,Antibodies ,Viral ,COVID-19 ,Mutation ,Neutralization Tests ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Spike Glycoprotein ,Coronavirus ,DNA Mutational Analysis ,Antigenic Drift and Shift ,Drug Design ,Computer Simulation - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the promise of monoclonal antibody-based prophylactic and therapeutic drugs1-3 and revealed how quickly viral escape can curtail effective options4,5. When the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant emerged in 2021, many antibody drug products lost potency, including Evusheld and its constituent, cilgavimab4-6. Cilgavimab, like its progenitor COV2-2130, is a class 3 antibody that is compatible with other antibodies in combination4 and is challenging to replace with existing approaches. Rapidly modifying such high-value antibodies to restore efficacy against emerging variants is a compelling mitigation strategy. We sought to redesign and renew the efficacy of COV2-2130 against Omicron BA.1 and BA.1.1 strains while maintaining efficacy against the dominant Delta variant. Here we show that our computationally redesigned antibody, 2130-1-0114-112, achieves this objective, simultaneously increases neutralization potency against Delta and subsequent variants of concern, and provides protection in vivo against the strains tested: WA1/2020, BA.1.1 and BA.5. Deep mutational scanning of tens of thousands of pseudovirus variants reveals that 2130-1-0114-112 improves broad potency without increasing escape liabilities. Our results suggest that computational approaches can optimize an antibody to target multiple escape variants, while simultaneously enriching potency. Our computational approach does not require experimental iterations or pre-existing binding data, thus enabling rapid response strategies to address escape variants or lessen escape vulnerabilities.
- Published
- 2024
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