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The timely injection of gangue slurry into the mining space formed after coal mining can scale up the disposal of gangue and control surface deformation. However, the waterproof effect of gangue slurry in the mining space remains unclear, necessitating urgent investigation into the permeability characteristics of compacted backfill bodies of gangue slurry under the action of overburden. In this study, a multi-field coupled seepage test system for backfill materials was developed based on Forchheimer's nonlinear seepage law, and a laboratory preparation method for compacted backfill body (CBB) of gangue slurry after grouting and backfilling in mining space under pseudo-triaxial conditions was proposed. Additionally, the pressure bleeding characteristics of gangue slurry under the action of overburden were studied, the variation law of permeability of the CBB with the axial pressure, a particle size range, and cement dosage was revealed, and the determination method for the permeability level of the CBB and its optimization method were put forward. The research results indicate that there are obvious staged characteristics in the pressure bleeding changes in gangue slurry. Axial pressure, particle size range, and cement dosage all have a significant impact on the permeability of the CBB. The permeability level of the CBB of gangue slurry is within the range of poor permeability and extremely poor permeability. After backfilling into the mining space, gangue slurry exhibits a significant water-blocking effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium‐ion batteries, essential for electronics and electric vehicles, predominantly use cathodes made from critical materials like cobalt. Sulfur‐based cathodes, offering a high theoretical capacity of 1675 mAh g−1 and environmental advantages due to sulfur's abundance and lower toxicity, present a more sustainable alternative. However, state‐of‐the‐art sulfur‐based electrodes do not reach the theoretical capacities, mainly because conventional electrode production relies on mixing of components into weakly coordinated slurries. Consequently, sulfur's mobility leads to battery degradation—an effect known as the "sulfur‐shuttle". This study introduces a solution by developing a microporous, covalently‐bonded, imine‐based polymer network grown in situ around sulfur particles on the current collector. The polymer network (i) enables selective transport of electrolyte and Li‐ions through pores of defined size, and (ii) acts as a robust host to retain the active component of the electrode (sulfur species). The resulting cathode has superior rate performance from 0.1 C (1360 mAh g−1) to 3 C (807 mAh g−1). Demonstrating a high‐performance, sustainable sulfur cathode produced via a simple one‐pot process, our research underlines the potential of microporous polymers in addressing sulfur diffusion issues, paving the way for sulfur electrodes as viable alternatives to traditional metal‐based cathodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flow characteristics of blasthole stemming slurry (BSS), predominantly comprising yellow mud (YM), tail mud (TM), or drilling cuttings (DC), were systematically investigated. Various influencing factors, including slurry mass concentration, the addition of TM or DC, and the mass ratio of TM to YM (TM/YM) and DC to YM (DC/YM), were meticulously examined. Experiments were conducted to assess the fluidity, rheological properties, and bleeding rate of BSS samples, which were prepared by manipulating slurry mass concentration and the proportions of TM or DC. The results indicate that the rheological properties of BSS are suitably described by the Herschel-Bulkley model. A critical mass concentration was identified, beyond which the flowability of BSS rapidly deteriorates. Replacing YM with an equivalent amount of TM at a mass concentration of 59% increased the yield stress by 167.30%, while reducing the bleeding rate to 0 within the 53%-59% mass concentration range. Conversely, replacing YM with DC at a mass concentration of 62% reduced the yield stress by 63.96%, while increasing the 60-minute bleeding rate from 0% to 1.44%. Increasing the TM/YM ratio resulted in reduced fluidity, elevated yield stress, and a variable degree of shear thickening. The degree of shear thickening was highest when the TM/YM ratio was 1, with significant impacts on differential viscosity at higher shear rates. On the other hand, increasing the DC/YM ratio enhanced fluidity, decreased yield stress, and influenced the degree of shear thickening and differential viscosity, with the highest shear thickening and lowest differential viscosity observed at a DC/YM ratio of 3. The bleeding rate of BSS consistently rose with the increase in the DC/YM ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work is to analyze the impact of reinforced Al2O3–LM6 aluminum composite made with dual mixed slurry for semi-solid casting with stirring, which is documented according to microstructure and wear properties. Under dry sliding pin-on-disk conditions, the composition and surface morphology of worn surfaces were carefully examined for the 10 N applied force, 1.2 m/s sliding speed, and sliding distances up to 750 m. Experimental findings indicate that Al2O3 reinforcement with semi-solid dual slurry effects give outstanding resistance against the adhesive wear. Microstructure, EDS, and XRD results from worn surface evaluation all show evidence of protective layers, which helps explain the reason for the rate of wear decreased due to processing. In this experiment, LM6 serves as the matrix material and Al2O3 as reinforcement. Al2O3–LM6 semi-solid cast composite was created via a dual mixed slurry technique with temperature control close to the solidus line for varying compositions. This work reports a substantial relationship between metallurgical and mechanical parameters. Mechanical properties and wear characteristics have been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem that the strength of cement pastes commonly used in cementing under negative temperature environment develops slowly or even stops hydration, this paper studies the slurry properties of lithium salt (TSL) -sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) slurry system and the mechanical properties of cement stone at 4 ℃ and -10 ℃, and tests the hydration temperature rise and cumulative heat release of cement. The hydration process of cement was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG/DTG) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the feasibility of application of TSL-SAC cement system in negative temperature cementing project was demonstrated. The results show that the slurry performance of TSLSAC cement slurry system is well. When the content of TSL is 3% of SAC, the 48 h compressive strength can reach 23.01 ± 0.47 MPa at 4 ℃ and 3.98 ± 0.07 MPa at -10 ℃, which meets the requirements of cementing construction. At the same time, the hydration temperature rise and cumulative heat release of cement were effectively reduced by the introduction of temperature control materials. The maximum hydration temperature rise was reduced by 27.62%, and the maximum hydration temperature rise delay was 320.67%. The mechanism of TSL promoting the hydration reaction of SAC is that it increases the generation of gel hydration products of iron glue and aluminum glue in cement stone, promotes the growth and crystallization of AFt, forms a low crystallinity CaCO3 protective layer and reduces the carbonization of CH. TSL-SAC cement slurry has the potential of application in negative temperature cementing environment, and this study provides a certain experimental and theoretical basis for cementing in negative temperature area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The well Yuejin-3-3XC is drilled to a measured depth of 9,432 m, with length of the horizontal section exceeding 3,400 m. This depth and length of horizontal drilling has broken the record of the longest horizontal section in the deepest and ultra-deep horizontal drilling in Asia. The well Yuejin-3-3XC penetrated formations with complex geologic characteristics, and was difficult to drill. Requirements for the properties of cement slurries are high; high temperature, high pressure, low pressure bearing capacity of the formations drilled have all to be considered to avoid losses of the cement slurries. To deal with these difficulties, three low density cement slurries, which are C-Lo PSD (1.30 g/cm³), C-Lite STONE (1.60 g/cm³ ) and C-Hi PSD (1.40 g/cm³), are formulated. These cement slurries can be used in medium-low and high temperature conditions, and have been successfully used in cementing the well Yuejin-3-3XC. Compared with the cement slurries previously used, these three new slurries have mixing efficiency, rheology, suspension stability and compressive strength of set cement that are significantly improved. Among the three cement slurries, the C-Lite STONE (TBHC = 75 ℃/TTOC = 30 ℃) and the C-Hi PSD (TBHC = 145 ℃/TTOC = 105 ℃) have the strengths of the top slurries in 48 h of 81 MPa and 14.3 MPa under the temperature differences of 45 ℃ and 40 ℃, respectively. During drilling operation, the well Yuejin-3-3XC has encountered several times of mud losses. Use the self-made new lost circulation materials C-B62 and C-B66, the fractures into which the mud was lost were successfully sealed off, ensuring the smooth progress of the cementing operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a low-grade clay vanadium ore water leaching slag (hereinafter referred to as vanadium water leaching slag) and Lhiobacillus f errous as experimental materials, the ellect of vanadium water leaching slag on the growth characteristics and oxidation activity ol Lhiobacillus ferrous were studied. Vanadium water leaching slag was added to the culture medium inoculated with Lhiobacillus ferrous in dilierent proportions, the pH value, bacterial concentration?Fe2+ oxidation rate, and vanadium leaching rate ol the solution were measured and calculated at dilierent slurry concentrations. The results indicate that vanadium water leaching slag caused changes in the pH, Fe2+ oxidation rate and bacterial concentration ol the leaching system ol lhiobacillus f errous, and inhibited the growth characteristics and oxidation activity ol Lhiobacillus f errous, As the addition ol vanadium leaching slag increased gradually, the linal pH ol the system rose progressively, the bacterial concentrqtion, Fe2+oxidation rate and vanadium leaching rate decreased progressively. When the slurry concentration was 2. 5 and 5 g/L, the vanadium leaching rate was similar, both about 60 % ・ However, when the slurry concentration rose to 7. 5 and 10 g/L, the leaching rate was only about 48%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effects of different concentrations of biogas slurry (BS) were evaluated relative to vegetable cultivation. Five concentration levels of BS were used as organic fertilizer to grow Chinese cabbages (CA) by drip irrigation to study the effect of BS on the yield and quality. Each level was replicated three times and BS was used seven times. Results showed that the average plant height, fresh weight, dry weight, and soluble sugars and protein contents of Chinese cabbage under the T1 (BS 25%) treatment were optimal. Among them, dry weight per plant (3.53g), soluble sugar content (0.41%), and soluble protein content (0.0039%) were 1.74 times, 1.41 times, and 1.14 times more than under the CK treatment, respectively. In addition, the application of biogas slurry improved the physical and chemical properties of soil. Soil total nitrogen (TN) and available phosphorus (AP) content increased after the use of biogas slurry, and the soil total nitrogen and available phosphorus content increased with the increase in the concentration of the applied biogas slurry. The available potassium (AK) content of soil fluctuated with the concentration of biogas slurry. In addition, biogas slurry can properly improve soil pH. In conclusion, BS 25% was the best for the growth of CA and its quality, which provided scientific basis for biogas slurry as fertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improvements of reinforced concrete beams against the impact of torsional forces are among the most researched issues in construction studies. In this paper, repairing and strengthening reinforced concrete beams using ferrocement laminates attached onto the surface of the beams and exposed to torsion were reviewed. This study aims to reveal the efficacy of the wrapping sides of ferrocement laminates. Previous experimental studies were conducted by using SBR as a slurry for strengthening beams by ferrocement from two-and three-side wrapping. Alternatively, the influence of using SBR as an ingredient of the mortar on the performance of the strengthened beams under torsion was discussed. The results showed that ferrocement is a practical alternative strengthening component for rehabilitating and repairing reinforced concrete beams. It was demonstrated that three-side wrapping improves the torsional behaviour in comparison with two-side wrapping. Also, the SBR preserved the required joining until failure for all the strengthened beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of 3D printing technology for the fabrication of intricate transparent ceramics overcomes the limitations associated with conventional molding processes, thereby presenting a highly promising solution. In this study, we employed direct ink writing (DIW) to prepare yttrium oxide transparent ceramics using a ceramic slurry with excellent moldability, solid content of 45 vol%, and shear-thinning behavior. A successfully printed transparent yttrium oxide ring measuring 30 mm in diameter, 10 mm in inner diameter, and 0.9 mm in thickness was obtained from the aforementioned slurry. After de-binding and sintering procedures, the printed ceramic exhibited in-line transmittance of 71% at 850 nm. This work not only produced complex yttria transparent ceramics with intricate shapes, but also achieved in-line transmittance that was comparable to that of the CIP method (79%), which can meet certain optical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grouting has been commonly used for structure controlling in mining engineering. To investigate the mechanism of fracturing grouting, an experiment was conducted under constant flowing conditions. Through the real-time gathering of main parameters and reconstruction of the slurry distribution, the complete grouting process and pressure spread of the high-pressure slurry were revealed. An identification method of fracturing diffusion based on acoustic emission (AE) signals was proposed and verified. The results indicated that the intact rock showed fracturing response with a mutated pressure in a short time. For fractured ones, the grouting process can be divided into five stages: seepage flow, pressure holding, fracturing diffusion, steady flow, and pressure relief. Influenced by the hydraulic fracture and slurry infiltration, there were three states: cement diffusion, water seepage, and the unaffected zone. A calculation method of whole stages for the grouting pressure was proposed based on the Hoek–Brown strength criterion and flow model in a fracture. In addition, AE ring counting occurred during the entire slurry process but was relatively concentrated in pressure holding and fracturing diffusion stages. Considering the zonal distribution characteristics, the AE method was used to characterize the slurry diffusion range and flow paths. The slurry distribution was obtained by the three-dimensional cutting and reconstruction method to verify its feasibility. This study is expected to further clarify the grouting mechanism, and guide engineering practices. Highlights: High-pressure grouting experiment of fractured rock based on acoustic emission was carried out. The whole process of fracturing grouting shows five responses in fractured rock. The pressure calculation model for revealed whole injection process was established in inclined fracture. AE monitoring can be used to identify the splitting-diffusion range and path for fracturing grouting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complex structure of Ti/HA (HA: hydroxyapatite) implants prepared by additive manufacturing technology plays an essential role in its application in bone repair. Digital light processing (DLP) is widely used to prepare bioceramics with complex structures. However, it is a challenge to prepare Ti/HA biomaterials by DLP due to the high ultraviolet (UV) absorption of Ti powder. In the present work, TiH2 powder coated with a TiO2 layer is selected to reduce the UV absorption and improve the curing depth for DLP printed green bodies of TiO2@TiH2/HA, because the TiO2@TiH2 powder can be reduced by 12.7% compared to the TiH2 powder without any oxidation. Then, the shell layer of TiO2 undergoes dehydrogenation and reduction reaction with the core phase of TiH2 during the sintering process to transfer TiO2@TiH2/HA into TixOy@Ti/HA. In addition, the effects of HA content on compressive strength and biocompatibility are investigated in the TixOy@Ti/HA biomaterials. The results show that when adding 60 vol%HA, the maximum monolayer curing depth of the slurry reaches 90.1 ± 3.5 µm. 40%TixOy@Ti/60%HA shows the maximum effect in promoting the pre‐osteoblast differentiation and a relatively high compressive strength of 48.7 ± 3.5 MPa. This work provides an experimental basis for the preparation of ceramic–metal composites with high UV absorptivity using DLP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colored asphalt mixtures have recently found extensive applications in roads and public spaces due to their contribution to traffic management as well as aesthetics and landscaping. The development of durable colored asphalts using various materials has been a hot research topic in recent years. Colored asphalt can be developed through the durable colored slurry seal mixture (CSSM) technology. The desired quality of CSSM requires particular attention to the mechanical performance and resistance against crack propagation due to temperature variations and traffic loads. This research aimed at investigating the effect of steel slag (SS) aggregate compared with natural aggregate (NA) on the fracture behavior and performance of CSSM in five different mixtures: NA100% (control sample), SS10%+NA90% , SS20%+NA80% , SS30%+NA70% , and SS40%+NA60%. The performance of CSSM was evaluated using an edge-notched disk bend (ENDB) specimen fracture test at three different temperatures (0°C, −10°C , and −20°C). Additionally, cohesion test, wet track abrasion test, loaded wheel test (LWT)-displacement and LWT-sand adhesion were carried out to further examine the samples. Comparison of the fracture behavior of colored mixtures revealed that the SS40%+NA60% mixture outperformed other mixtures. The results of other performance tests showed that the unique characteristics of SS40%+NA60% mixture improved CSSM performance against vertical displacements, bleeding, cohesion, and moisture sensitivity by approximately 40.2%, 4 7.3%, 28.6%, and 52.7%, respectively. This comprehensive assessment offers valuable insights into the effectiveness of SS as a proper alternative to NA in CSSMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geotechnical tube technology has been widely used in the dewatering treatment of high-water-content slurries, such as engineering waste muds, mine water sludges, and dredging slurries. However, the existing engineering practice adopting the traditional geotextile tubes is characterized by low efficiency and difficult quality control. To address these issues, a new approach was developed by combining the geotextile tubes and vacuum preloading technology. In this method, several plastic drain boards were embedded in a geotextile tube as prefabricated horizontal drains (PHDs), and a vacuum was applied to promote drainage. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by a comparison test. A two-dimensional plane-strain analytical consolidation problem with a distributed drainage boundary was then formulated and solved to predict the consolidation process of soil in a vacuum preloaded geotextile tube. The analytical solution was validated against the results of a pilot field test, and then the influence of PHD spacing on the consolidation process was also discussed. Compared to the traditional geotextile tubes, the approach proposed in this paper promises good applicability and can effectively shorten the treatment time by 73.3% and reduce the water content of treated soils by 51.9%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measuring and modelling manure temperatures are crucial for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from liquid manure storage. The manure temperature was recorded at various depths in two swine slurry storage tanks situated in Vallentuna (VA) and Örsundsbro (OR) in Sweden. These data were used to assess the effectiveness of a revised mechanistic model for estimating manure temperatures, which incorporates the effects of wall shading, snow cover, and manure input mixing. The average manure temperatures were higher than air temperatures in the summer and fall. This indicated that using air temperature would result in an underestimation of methane emissions when applying the 2019 IPCC Refinement methodology. The revised model estimated manure temperatures for spring, summer, fall, and winter as 4.8, 16.1, 7.8, and 2.6 °C at the VA tank and 11.6, 17.1, 9.5, and 3.6 °C at the OR tank. The root mean square errors between daily simulated and observed temperatures in the summer decreased in both tanks due to incorporating shadow effect into the revised model. Fall estimates did not improve, possibly because of uncertainties from slurry removal and higher precipitation inputs. Sensitivity analysis indicated that solar radiative heat input was reduced with higher tank walls and smaller tank diameters when applying the revised model. Wall shading may influence manure temperatures in tanks with small diameters at high-latitude locations. This study offers insights into understanding the relationship between manure temperatures and its thermal balance influenced by latitude, storage design, snow cover and mixing, and its implications for accurately estimating methane emissions. [Display omitted] • Including shading, snow cover and mixing effects improved manure temperature predictions. • Solar radiative input is susceptible to manure storage wall height and diameter. • The revised model improved the accuracy of summer manure temperature estimates. • Fall manure temperature estimates remain unreliable due to uncertainty in slurry volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In present paper, structures and properties of degradation products of polystyrene (PS) waste were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and thus the degradation conditions including temperature, time, and assistant type and dosage were investigated and optimized. It is suitable to use 1.0 wt% K2S2O8 as an assistant to degrade PS waste at 300°C for 24 h. Subsequently by sulfonation and neutralization reactions, the degraded PS was prepared into sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), a common dispersant for coal‒water slurry (CWS). The performance of PSS with different molecular weights and sulfonation degrees was studied. Experimental results showed that the PSS with the sulfonation degree of more than 75%, prepared from the degraded PS having number average molecular weight (Mn) of about 9000, was appropriate for dispersion and stabilization of CWS suspensions. Additionally, compared with commercial dispersant NSF, the obtained PSS had a better performance for CWS. CWSs prepared with dispersant PSS exhibited pseudo-plastic or shear-thinning rheological behaviors. Combined with coal‒water slurry technology, a new approach is provided for resource utilization of PS waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel process for manufacturing fiber-reinforced silica sol shells for investment casting is proposed. The influence of different fiber lengths and additions on the bending strength of the shell is investigated. Specifically, sisal fibers were suspended in a self-made fiber placement device under the influence of air fluidization and adhered to the surface of the backup slurry of shell. Both silica sol-immersed and untreated sisal fibers were employed as reinforcing agents for the investment shell. The results illustrate that fibers could be evenly placed on the surface of the shell with slurry by means of the air fluidization spread, thereby improving the strength of the fiber-reinforced shell. When the fiber length remained constant, the shell strength exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease with an increase in fiber addition. At a fiber addition of 1.0%, the green strength of the shell reinforced with both treated and untreated fibers of length 4 mm reached its maximum values, which were 3.35 MPa and 3.14 MPa, respectively. When the fiber addition was 0.25%, the fired strength of the shell reinforced with the aforementioned two types of fibers reached their respective maximum values of 6.12 MPa and 5.86 MPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chemical compositions optimization, microstructure and mechanical properties of high-solid-fraction (40–60%) semi-solid A380 alloy were investigated in this paper. The effects of content of Si and Cu on preparation temperature of the semi-solid slurry were researched by thermodynamic calculation and differential scanning calorimetry. Based on commercial A380 alloy, the compositions (Si and Cu) were optimized for the preparation of high-solid-fraction slurry with swirled enthalpy equilibrium device. The results indicated that as the content of Si and Cu decreased, the temperature range of process window widened, which is beneficial for the slurry preparation and following semi-solid rheo-diecasting process. With the optimized A380 alloy, bracket casting for truck was produced by high-solid-fraction semi-solid diecasting. The microstructure and mechanical properties of tensile samples took from the real castings were quantitatively characterized. The solid fraction of 58% and average grain diameter about 60 μm were achieved with sphere-like primary Al (α-Al) phase in casting parts. After T6 heat treatment, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and microhardness of real casting parts were 381.9 MPa, 332.6 MPa and 133.6 HV, which were increased by 61.9%, 181.3% and 69.7% compared with that of as-cast state, respectively. High solid fraction enables the AlSi8Cu3 perform complete T6 heat treatment and low gas porosity, so the optimized A380 alloy exhibits higher strength than that of low-solid-fraction semi-solid rheo-diecasting and the presence of the high-density precipitates (θ′) provided better reinforcement effect. The micro-mechanism of fracture reveals that the as-cast samples were quasi-cleavage, while the T6 heat-treated samples were dimple and quasi-cleavage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acoustic field calculation model of ultrasonic vibration-mixed cement slurry is established to investigate the preparation and optimization process of the slurry as well as to study the dispersion mechanism of cement particles under the action of ultrasound. The acoustic field distribution of freshly mixed cement slurry in various mixer structures at 20 kHz is calculated by using Finite Element Method (FEM) in conjunction with multi-physical field simulation. The sound field is radially spread and produces a standing wave field with sound pressure amplitude amplified close to the wall. Average sound pressure and ultrasonic effect distance at the mid-axis likewise increase as the outer diameter of the mixer bottom plate increases, and so are the positive and negative sound pressure limits in the cement slurry. The movement of cavitation bubbles can be intensified by ultrasound with a larger acoustic pressure amplitude, hence promoting the ultrasonic cavitation effect. This can be accomplished by solving the Rayleigh–Plesset equation to determine the change rule of cavitation bubbles under the effect of different acoustic pressures. The results show that the narrow space adjacent to the wall and the bottom center of the mixer arch region are the locations of the cavitation effect's core zone when the cavitation numerical simulation is utilized in conjunction with the acoustic field calculation, and the center section is lower in vertical height than the core zone along the wall. Lastly, the simulation results were verified using laser vibrometer combined with acoustic-structural coupling relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ferromagnetic La 1 - x Sr x MnO 3 (LSMO) manganites are ideal materials for magneto-caloric applications due to their high Curie temperature. Here, we prepare open-cell, porous LSMO foams starting from a commercial polyurethane (PU) foam and commercial LSMO powder with x = 0.3. The cut PU foams are then covered by a slurry of LSMO powder mixed with PVA and water, and then, the foams are subjected to a heat-treatment with two steps at 600 ∘ C (burn-off organic material) and 1200 ∘ C (sintering/compacting). The resulting ceramic LSMO foams are then characterized by X-ray, SEM, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) orientation mapping and magnetic measurements. The foam sample consists of randomly-oriented LSMO grains with an average grain size of 188 nm, being distinctly smaller than bulk samples of the same composition, but considerably larger than LSMO nanowires prepared by electrospinning. The magnetic data reveal a high Curie temperature like the bulk samples, and an entropy change, - Δ S M slightly higher than that of the bulk samples, which points to a strong influence of the LSMO grain size. Thus, the resulting LSMO foam material is well suited for magneto-caloric applications at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel scaffolds of chitosan-reduced functionalized graphene oxide (CH-rfGO) containing different values of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (npHA) were prepared. npHA was synthesized and rfGO was obtained by the reduction and functionalization of single-layer GO nanosheets. The CH-rfGO scaffolds containing 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g HA were fabricated by freeze-drying technique. The properties of the synthesized materials and the fabricated scaffolds were investigated using FTIR, XRD, FESEM and the rheology analyzer. The compressive strength, pore size and thickness of the pore walls of the scaffolds were measured. According to the FTIR and XRD results, rfGO and npHA were successfully synthesized. The interactions between HA and CH-rfGO were confirmed by XRD. The prepared scaffolds were superhydrophilic and highly porous with a hemispherical morphology that was interconnected. HA significantly changed the porous structure, pore size and pore wall thickness of scaffolds. HA increased the pore wall thickness, but the pore size first increased and then decreased; the average values were 80–230 µm (for 0, 0.5 and 1.5 HA) and 230–480 µm (for 1 HA). With regard to the rheological behavior of the slurries, the behavior of shear thinning was observed. The viscosity and shear stress changed with HA, being highest for the 1 HA sample. HA significantly improved the compressive strength of the scaffolds, reaching 963 kPa for 1.5 HA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Coal water slurry (CWS) is a new type of liquid coal product with low pollution, which is mainly used in the chemical industry to produce syngas (CO + H2). It is of great significance to study the microscopic mechanism of CWS gasification reaction for improving the efficiency of coal gasification. In this paper, the method of molecular dynamics based on reaction force fields (ReaxFF-MD) is used to study the gasification process of CWS/O2 system at different temperatures. The results show that, in the range of 1600–2400 K, the macromolecular network structure of lignite is decomposed into a large number of small molecular structures and a small number of light tar free radical fragments, and the types and quantities of reaction products increased rapidly. At 2400–4000 K, the free radical fragments of light tar are further decomposed and reacted with gasification agents, but the types and quantities of reaction products have little change. At 3600 K, a full gasification reaction occurred in the system, and the content of syngas is the highest. Methods: The model was established and optimized by Materials Studio (MS) software. Based on ReaxFF-MD method, Lammps software was used to simulate the gasification process of CWS/O2 system, and the reaction force field files containing C, H, O, N, and S element were used. By calculating the activation energy of gasification reaction, the rationality of the model and calculation method was illustrated. The post-processing of the results was implemented using OVITO, ChemDraw software, and self-programmed Python scripts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Casting speed, casting temperature and secondary cooling water flow rate are the main process parameters affecting the DC casting process. These parameters significantly influence the flow and temperature fields during casting, which are crucial for the quality of the ingot and can determine the success or failure of the casting operation. Numerical simulation, with the advantages of low cost, rapid execution, and visualized results, is an important method to study and optimize the DC casting process. In the present work, a simulation model of DC casting 2024 aluminum alloy was established, and the reliability of the model was verified. Then, the influence of casting parameters on flow field and temperature field was studied in detail by numerical simulation method. Results show that with the increase of casting speed, the melt flow becomes faster, the depths of slurry zone and mushy zone increase, and the variation of slurry zone depth is greater than that of mushy zone. With an increase in casting temperature, the melt flow rate increases, the depth of the slurry zone becomes shallower, and the depth of the mushy zone experiences only minor changes. The simulation results further indicate that the increase of the flow rate of the secondary cooling water slightly reduces the depths of both slurry and mushy zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital Light Processing (DLP) technology can achieve high-precision and high-efficiency molding of complex and irregularly shaped ceramic components. However, silicon nitride ceramics have high light absorption and large refractive index, leading to poor slurry curable performance and difficulty in molding. This study concentrates on the particle gradation of silicon nitride powder, investigating how varying proportions affect slurry rheology properties, curing properties, and the performance of the sintered body. When the ratio of fine/coarse powder was 7:3, the silicon nitride slurry with a solid content of 45 vol% had a viscosity of 5.4 Pa·s at a shear rate of 30 s−1, a solidification thickness of 42 μm (288 mJ/cm2). The sintered body obtained the flexural strength of 679 MPa, with increases of 26.92% compared to the single coarse powder sample. Additionally, a complex shaped silicon nitride impeller suitable for high-temperature melt transport was successfully fabricated using DLP technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aluminum oxynitride (AlON) exhibits excellent mechanical properties and good optical transparency in the ultraviolet to near-infrared range and can be used in military and civilian fields. However, the troublesome molding of AlON, especially for complex shapes, limits its promotion and application. Therefore, transparent AlON ceramics with complex morphologies were prepared for the first time by a novel spontaneous coagulation casting (SCC) and pressureless sintering method. In this study, we report a simple carbothermal reduction and nitridation (CRN) method for synthesizing high-purity AlON powder, which is especially suitable for wet casting without anti-hydration treatment. The dispersion and gelation behavior of AlON slurries by isobutene maleic anhydride copolymer (Isobam104) and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) were extensively investigated. With the addition of 0.9 wt% Isobam104 and 15 mL/L TMAH, the AlON slurries can achieve a solids loading of up to 45 vol% with the lowest viscosity (460.4 mPa·s-10 r/min) and the AlON green body is free of cracks and deformation during drying and demolding processes. Finally, the AlON green bodies with square and polygonal irregular morphologies were fabricated via a simple SCC method. High transparent AlON ceramics of a maximum transmittance up to 77.3% at 2000 nm and 72.2% at 632 nm were obtained by pressureless sintered at 2000 °C for 6 h. The SCC method has great potential in preparing ceramics with controllable shapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Aiming at the problems of large lag and inertia in the PH control system of gypsum wet desulfurization in thermal power units, this paper proposes a cascade multi-step feed forward predictive control strategy based on proportional integral derivative (PID). Firstly, the paper establishes mechanism model through the transfer function of PH value influence factor to ensure a strong correlation between the control system parameters and the PH value; Secondly, based on the traditional PID control strategy, the paper introduces cascade and multi-step feed forward control mechanisms to solve the strong inertia of the control system; Then, the three-step predictive value of SO2 content in raw flue gas based on long short term memory network (LSTM) is introduced as the feed forward value, so as to better eliminate system lag characteristics and track the PH setting value; Finally, the simulation experiment is carried out using the desulfurization data of the plant. The simulation results show that, compared with the traditional PID and cascade PID control strategies, the control strategy proposed in this paper achieves more accurate and stable control of the PH value of desulfurization slurry in thermal power units, and improve the desulfurization efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economics & Environment / Ekonomia i Środowisko is the property of Fundacja Ekonomistow Srodowiska i Zasobow Naturalnych and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study of rough fissure seepage and grouting diffusion, slurry consolidation and filling, as well as the seepage reduction law is of great significance for the detection of grouting effect and water damage prevention and control in fissured rock bodies. To this end, a new technology combining three-dimensional scanning and 3D printing was used to batch prepare a visualization test model based on the morphology of real rock fissures, and carry out visualization tests of seepage in rough single fissure, grouting with different water-cement ratios, and seepage after grouting and consolidation filling of fissures. The test results show that: Rough single fissure seepage in the seepage path and seepage law are non-linear characteristics, for the laminar and turbulent flow of the composite flow form; in the equal flow conditions, the water-cement ratio of small slurry has a pre-diffusion of slow in the middle and late fast, the total time instead of the characteristics of the less; slurries with different water-cement ratios fill and consolidate extremely unevenly in the cracks, and the cross-sectional void ratio gradually decreases from the entrance to the end, while the overall filling rate can be increased by up to 20% in slurries with small water-cement ratios; the seepage coefficient of the fissure before and after slurry filling decreased by a factor of 100–1000, and the seepage flow was along the connected gap network and conformed to the nonlinear characteristics of Forchheimer's equation, and with the decrease of water-cement ratio, the coefficients of the nonlinear term and the coefficients of the linear term increased and decreased, respectively, and the ratio of both of them could reach a maximum value of 102. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The seepage and slurry filling permeability reduction laws in rock mass fracture network are investigated through the construction of a two-dimensional fracture network model, which is based on real rock sample images obtained. Transparent fracture test models were created using a photo-curing 3D printer and rigid photosensitive materials. Seepage model tests and grouting tests were conducted with varying seepage directions and water injection flow rates. Visual observation of the fracture seepage process, grouting process, and real-time monitoring of water injection pressure were performed. Additionally, CT scanning was utilized to observe the state of grout filling. From a microscopic perspective, the seepage and grouting laws in fractures were studied, resulting in the following findings: ①During the fracture seepage and grouting processes, there were continuous flow diversion and convergence phenomena, with noticeable variations in seepage activity at different locations within the test model. ②The seepage velocity exhibited a strong correlation with the hydraulic gradient, following a quadratic function relationship. This relationship conformed to the Forchheimer-type nonlinear seepage formula. Notably, significant differences in hydraulic gradient were observed when the injection direction was altered by 90° within the same model plane, indicating significant anisotropic characteristics. ③The overall filling rate of grout during the grouting process reached 71.4%, with certain fractures not participating in the grouting process. At the intersection of fractures, larger cement particles tended to accumulate, while the filling of narrow fractures at the intersection was inadequate. ④Following grouting, the permeability of the fracture model decreased by 97.9–98.6%, and the effect of grouting is good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polymer Materials Science & Engineering is the property of Sichuan University, Polymer Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Particle dispersion configuration in LiCoO2-CB-NMP/PVDF cathode slurry of lithium-ion battery (LIB cathode slurry) has been cross-sectionally visualized by Electrical Equivalent Circuit- Electrical Impedance Tomography (EECEIT). EEC-EIT reconstructs two types of conductivity images regarding LiCoO2 particle interface ΔσPI and NMPPVDF solution ΔσSO from the resistance elements RPI and RSO calculated by EEC model, which is modeled based on the configuration of LIB cathode slurry. We experimentally evaluated EEC-EIT under LIB cathode slurry mixing in a beaker with eight electrodes at mixing speed of ω = 200 rpm or 700 rpm. As the results, ΔσPI and ΔσSO were increased as the mixing time t elapses, which indicates that CB particles penetrated between LiCoO2 particles and that formation of CB-PVDF aggregates occurred, respectively. Moreover, the two types of images are quantitativity compared with scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Keywords: Particle dispersion configuration, Electrical impedance tomography, Electrical equivalent circuit, Particle interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experimental research focused on the influence of solutions containing chicken manure, pig slurry, and silage on the hydration processes of cements and clinker minerals such as C3S, β-C2S, C3A, and C4AF. The results showed that the hydration of C3S and β-C2S led to the formation of various phases, including Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, and various types of poorly crystalline C-S-H phases contaminated with Mg, S, P, Ti, K, and Cl elements. The C3A phase was the most susceptible to biological corrosion, while the C4AF phase was the most resistant. Studies on model cement demonstrated a significant influence of solution pH on bacterial presence, where pH ≥ 9 prevented their occurrence, while pH ≤ 4 and pH 6-7 favored their presence. The addition of γ-C2S and C12A7 phases to the model cement caused a modification of the sample's microstructure and revealed exceptional density, where all spaces were fully occupied by hydration products. Such a model of cement matrix construction prevents and limits the penetration of the corrosive agent into the sample interior. The obtained research results suggest the possibility of using such cement for bioreactor construction and employing additions of calcium aluminates and calcium ferrites to further enhance cement resistance to biological corrosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigated the effect of adding cerium oxide (CeO2) particles to the cutting fluid on the machining mechanism when slicing sapphire wafers using an electrodeposited diamond wire tool. The results showed that the added CeO2 acted to suppress wire tool deflection and promote initial wear of the nickel plating to rapidly expose the abrasive grains. In addition, elemental analysis of the shed wear particles suggested that they were adsorbed particles of nickel plating and sapphire. It was statistically confirmed that the CeO2 slurry reduced the size of the wear particles. In addition, the machining force was measured, and it was found that the CeO2 slurry reduced the machining force. Based on these results, it is the CeO2 slurry likely changed the wear mode from severe to mild and suppressed the lifting of the tool because smaller wear particle were formed. This suppressed wire tool deflection and stabilized the machining pressure to make the abrasive grains uniformly contact and remove material from the workpiece. Therefore, the number of cutting grains increased and the depth of cut per grain was kept small, which likely resulted in a transition to the crack-free ductile mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (1006-2467) is the property of Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Carbon-based conductive polymer composites (CPCs) have significant potential for fabricating low-cost and high-performance flexible electric heating films in deicing applications. However, the inferior high-temperature resistance and low heating power density seriously restrict their large-scale commercial application. Herein, a series of polyimide (PI)/carbon black (CB) composite electrothermal films with excellent high-temperature stability and high-power density are prepared by a simple slurry coating method. With successfully introducing the high-temperature resistance and high mechanical strength PI as polymer matrix, the PI/CB composite electrothermal films with a low percolation threshold of 10.8% have a broad operating temperature ranging from 40°C to 270°C under low applied voltages (< 60 V) at room temperature. Impressively, these PI/CB composite electrothermal films with a uniform thin thickness of 45 μm exhibit high operating temperature (> 200°C), rapid heating response speed (< 10 s), remarkable long-term working stability, and superior low-temperature operating reliability even at −30°C. The simulated deicing experiment indicates that the PI/CB composite electrothermal film dislodges an ice cube (thickness = 10 mm) within 280 s. This work not only provides a universal strategy for the design and fabrication of high-operating-temperature CPCs, but also verifies the great potential for use in deicing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alumina‐based porous ceramics were fabricated via the starch consolidation casting route, using titanium oxide as a sintering additive. Alumina‐titania‐starch slurries with starch contents of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt% relative to the alumina‐titania system were prepared. Titania was added to the slurries in proportions of 0, 1, 3, and 5 wt%, relative to alumina. The effects of starch and titania contents in the green bodies on the linear and volumetric shrinkage, as well as the total and open porosities of the sintered alumina product, were investigated. The effect of titania addition on mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the obtained porous alumina ceramics was studied. Microstructure and pores morphology were characterized by SEM. The alumina‐based ceramics obtained had external porosities that varied between 54 and 76 vol%. Thermal conductivities as low as 0.06–0.1 W/m.K were achieved and the volume electrical resistivity ranged from 3.6 to 600 GΩ·m, while compressive strengths up to 2.8 MPa for a titania ratio of 1 wt% were attained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As damming material, fine-grained tailings present challenges such as low dam strength and poor stability. To address these issues, this study employs geotextile tube technology to mix water with fine-grained tailings, forming a tailing slurry with a concentration of 60%, which is filled into a geotextile bag to form a geotextile tube, so as to improve the stability of fine-grained tailings. The shear strength characteristics of each interface under different consolidation times and different filling degrees were studied via an indoor shear experiment, including the shear strength of tailing particles, that between tailings and geotextiles, and that within geotextile tubes themselves. The results show that the shear strength of each interface conforms to the Mohr–Coulomb strength criterion, and that the interface cohesion is greatly affected by the consolidation time, while the interface friction angle is mainly affected by the filling degree. Moreover, the shear strength comparison, based on the comprehensive friction angle concept, indicates a substantial increase in shear strength at the interfaces between geotextile tubes compared to both that of the tailings themselves and the interface between tailings and geotextiles, highlighting the reinforcing effect of the geotextile tube filling technology on tailings' shear strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Explicitly modelling tailings consolidation behaviour contributes to improve integrated management approaches and accurately estimate the storage capacity of tailings storage facilities (TSFs) to better predict their static and dynamic stability. However, slurry tailings demonstrate a highly non-linear evolution of stiffness and hydraulic conductivity during consolidation, thus significantly complexifying the determination of their hydromechanical properties. In this study, an approach to update Mohr Coulomb parameters and simulate the continuous evolution of hydraulic conductivity and stiffness of tailings materials with the reduction of the void ratio was proposed and embedded in a finite difference code to more realistically simulate the evolution of material properties during sequential loadings. The model was validated using laboratory column tests and various predictive functions were tested to estimate hydraulic conductivity for field applications. Finally, the developed approach was applied to a simplified model of tailings impoundment to illustrate practical applications. Results from this study indicated that the approach developed was able to capture the non-linearity properties of tailings during consolidation, and that using continuously updated stiffness and hydraulic conductivity could induce significantly different magnitude and rate of consolidation than models with constant properties. Predictive models such as Kozeny–Carman and Kozeny–Carman Modified models also gave a satisfactory estimation of tailings behaviour, at least for preliminary studies. The simple modifications to the numerical codes proposed in this paper could therefore significantly improve the numerical simulation of tailings behaviour in the short term and contribute to a better planning of deposition plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to explore a low-cost and environmentally friendly shaping method to prepare reaction-bonded silicon carbide (RBSC) materials, SiC fine powder and micropowder,phenolic resin,and epoxy resin were used as the main raw materials,tetramethylammonium hydroxide as the dispersant to prepare SiC ceramic slurries with a solid loading of 55 mass% and phenolic resin mass fractions of 13.5%, 18%, 22.5%, and 27%, respectively.The green bodies prepared by gelcasting and cured were heat treated at 800 °C for 2 h,followed by heat treatment at 1 760 °Cfor 3 h in vacuum to form the RBSC materials.The curing mechanism of the green bodies and the effect of the phenolic resin addition on the microstructure, phase composition,and physical properties of the samples were studied.The results show that:(1) the curing mechanism of the green body is that the hydroxymethyl groups in the phenolic/epoxy resin undergo cross-linking via condensation reactions with ortho-para hydrogen atoms in the aromatic ring, forming a high-strength bonding network; (2) with the increasing phenolic resin addition, the residual carbon in the resin system reacts with molten silicon, the cold modulus of rupture of the fired sample first increases and then decreases; when the addition of phenolic resin is 18%, the cold modulus of rupture of the sample is the highest,reaching 79.9 MPa; the apparent porosity and bulk density of the sample are 1.1% and 2.88 g·cm-3,respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims at improving the sintering property of zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) granulated powder.ZTA slurries were prepared through ball milling using alumina powder with different particle sizes (d50:1.72 μm,3.48 μm and 13 nm) and yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as the main starting materials,adding binders and dispersants.The effect of the YSZ extra-addition (0,5%,10%,15% and 20%,by mass) on the rheological property of the slurries was investigated.ZTA granulated powders were prepared using the spray drying method,and then the powders were pressed into shapes and fired at different temperatures (1 520,1 600,and 1 680 °).The linear shrinkage and relative density of the fired samples were determined.The results show that:(1)the ZTA slurries exhibit shear thinning behavior and possess a yield stress;the rheological properties of the slurries are well-described by the Herschel-Bulkley model,with a high correlation coefficient (>0.98);(2)the particle size of the prepared ZTA granulated powders is mainly within the range of 125 to 45 μm,demonstrating a wide distribution;(3)the optimal formulation is 99 mass% activated alumina powder (d50=1.72 μm),1 mass% nano-alumina (d50=13 nm),and 15 mass% YSZ (extra-adding);this formulation results in a Carr coefficient of 8.62%,a water content of 0.22%,and an angle of repose of 25.2°;after firing at 1 600 °C for 2 h,the sample exhibits a relative density of 94.8% and a linear shrinkage rate of 18.2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crop diversification and the reduction of nitrogen (N) inputs are key issues in the EU for more sustainable agriculture. An experiment was set up in a semiarid rainfed Mediterranean system. Our hypothesis was that these challenges could be addressed by introducing new crops and using pig slurries (PSs). The experimental factors were N fertilization at sowing (with or without PS) combined (according to a split-block design) with N fertilization as topdressing (the control, two N mineral rates, and two N rates from PS). Barley, rapeseed, and pea performances were evaluated in two different crop sequences: (i) barley–rapeseed or rapeseed–barley after a fallow season, and (ii) barley–pea or pea–barley after a fallow season followed by a non-fertilized barley crop. The results of the four-year study demonstrated that under a spring drought risk, barley performed better than peas in terms of relative crop yield maintenance. After fallow, N can be saved while maintaining the yields and total biomass of barley and rapeseed. In the second crop sequence, maximum pea and barley yields were associated with a minimum topdressing of 60 or 120 kg mineral N ha−1, respectively. However, slurry fertilization at sowing also allowed the highest yields for barley. Rapeseed and peas can be introduced to reduce N fertilization inputs. However, the obtained yield plateau for pea and rapeseed (3 and 4 Mg ha−1, respectively) and the effect of a yield spring drought on pea yields (50% reduction) might be a constraint for the success of EU policies on crop diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing demand for lithium‐ion batteries in electric vehicles pose challenges, particularly for the use of critical materials such as cobalt in electrode slurry mixing. Due to regulatory requirements such as the battery passport, an accurate traceability system is mandatory. However, there is no solution for the continuous mixing process, which is a major challenge in electrode production. This article describes an approach to solve this problem. Based on the results of a literature review, a design structure matrix is constructed to analyze parameter influences. The overall result is a list of relevant parameters that should be recorded in the continuous mixing process in order to characterize the mixing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two main goals for the industrial, slurry‐based electrode processing are a high process speed and the maximum possible material efficiency. This makes an increased drying rate and active material share favorable, but both are limited by adverse effects on the electrode quality. The adverse effects of fast drying are associated with the migration of binder. In this article, the slurry properties of water‐based graphite slurries are manipulated using a synthetic, layered silicate as additive. The influence of the polymer‐particle composite network on the viscosity, adhesion strength, and cell performance is investigated. By addition of a small amount of additive (0.5 wt% of the dry electrode), the binder migration is mitigated up to a drying rate of 6 g m−2 s−1 for graphite anodes with ≈4.2 mAh cm−2 (corresponding with 30 s drying time) leading to a possible increase of eight times the process speed compared to drying with 0.75 g m−2 s−1 if adverse effects on the tortuosity of the electrodes can be solved. In this work, a combination of additive usage is pointed out with a multilayer approach and first insights are provided in how the binder migration may be mitigated to gain structurally optimized fast‐dried electrodes without losses in electrode quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient precooling treatment and cold chain distribution are key to ensuring the quality of chilled food during processing, storage, and transportation. However, traditional cooling methods have challenges such as high energy consumption, low efficiency, and short shelf life. Slurry ice as a new type of green cooling medium, which has advantages such as low precooling temperature and fast cooling rate. It has great potential for application in food preservation. On the basis of summarizing the flow characteristics, heat transfer characteristics, and mass transfer characteristics of slurry ice, this article elaborated on the application prospects of slurry ice precooling technology in chilled aquatic products and chilled meat preservation, and summarized the application prospects of slurry ice coupled to various pretreatment technology, including coupling ozone, acidic electrolyzed water, antioxidants, and edible coatings in meat preservation, and the future development of slurry ice pretreatment technology was also prospected, aiming to provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the high-quality preservation of chilled food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cementing technology is crucial to the development of oil and gas resources, and the quality of cement slurry required is an important factor affecting the cementing effect. Previous studies ignored mixing speed effect on cement slurry quality. CFD numerical model is established to simulate the flow filed of the agitated slurry tank under various operation and structural parameters. The multiphase flow model and the k-ε turbulence model are used to describe the turbulence characteristics in the agitated slurry tank. The multiple reference frame (MRF) model is used to realize the rotation of the area near the stirring blade. The results indicate that the density of the cement slurry in the agitated slurry tank can finally reach a stable state, and the concentration distribution is uniform. Increasing the rotational speed, the stirring time needed to achieve stability becomes shorter, and the uniformity of the cement slurry will also be improved. Reducing the distance between the impeller and the bottom of the agitated slurry tank, the mixing effect can be improved. It provides certain theoretical guidance for the practical application of this agitated slurry tank and has certain reference significance for research on improving the quality of cement slurry required for cementing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stratified structural plane caused by stratified backfill will reduce the strength of backfill, and the introduction of retarder will make up for the defect. Three retarders, sodium tripoly-phosphate, citric acid and sucrose, were introduced. After determining the optimal dosage of retarder, they were added into the filling slurry with a ratio of lime to sand of 1:6 and a mass concentration of 75%. Based on the hydration reaction mechanism and damage mechanics theory of cement, the setting time test and uniaxial compressive strength test were carried out. With the help of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, the influence mechanism of retarder on the physical characteristics of stratified cemented filling was investigated.The main research contents and achievements are as follows:. The results showed that the three retarding agents can delay the setting time of the cement filling slurry, and the retarding effect is sucrose > citric acid > sodium tripolyphosphate. The addition of retarder can improve the uniaxial compressive strength and integrity of stratified consolidated backfill, and the best filling interval time (FIT) is 12 h. Appropriate addition of retarder will increase the amount of cement hydration products, make the structure of hydration products more dense, reduce the formation of stratified structural plane, and help to improve the strength of stratified cemented backfill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]