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In this paper, organic thin films of a nonlinear optical (NLO) material ((E)-1-ferrocenyl-2-(l-methyl-4-pyridiniumyl) ethylene iodide) were prepared by a vacuum deposition method. The typical I–V curve of the film exhibits a favorable room-temperature bistability. Further recording experiments have been performed with a scanning tunneling microscope, which confirmed that the thin film of the donor–π–acceptor NLO material could certainly be applied for nanoscale data storage. The average size of the recorded marks is about 1.5 nm. Mechanism analyses suggest that the formation of the recording dots is due to the local change of electrical property of the thin film, and the intermolecular charge transfer induced by an electric field is proposed as the reason for the change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silica inverse opal photonic crystals (PCs) were fabricated by using a sacrificial polymer template method, and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and reflection spectra. The fluorescence of tricolor fluorescent powders has been enhanced obviously by silica inverse opals as the emission wavelengths of the tricolor fluorescent powders are in the range of stop bands of the inverse opal PCs, which demonstrates that the PCs will be efficient and selective reflection mirrors. A promising application of the strategy would be in novel effective lighting devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents new findings on ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of zirconium hydroxyl acetate precursor drops whose sizes were precisely measured using laser light diffraction technique. Precursor concentration plays a predominant role in determination of product particle size. At 0.01 wt% precursor concentration, conventional spray pyrolysis at 750°C using precursor drops 5-8 μm in diameter, generated by an ultrasonic nebulizer at 2.66 MHz, yielded uniform spherical yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) particles 73 nm in diameter measured by scanning electron microscopy. The YSZ particle diameters were much smaller than those predicted by the one-particle-per-drop mechanism. Under similar reaction conditions, the high-throughput ultrasound-modulated two-fluid (UMTF) spray pyrolysis of larger precursor drops (28-μm peak diameter) also yielded spherical dense particles; they were significantly smaller in size than those produced by the low-throughput conventional ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of smaller drops (6.8-μm peak diameter). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sensitized lymphocytes isolated from the immunized eel, Anguilla japonica, upon interaction with the antigens in vitro, elaborated into the medium a soluble factor which was capable of inhibiting the migration of peritoneal exudate cells harvested from guinea pigs. Production of migration inhibition factor (MIF) was greatest to the specific antigen although there was also some nonspecific release. The elaboration of MIF from the sensitized lymphocytes occurred from the third day after immunization of eels and was detectable until day 106. The inhibitory activity from the blood appeared to persist over a longer period compared to that from the spleen and the anterior kidney. The inhibitory activity. however, was diminished by starvation of the immunized eels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correction is presented to the article "MiR-605-3p inhibits malignant progression of prostate cancer by up-regulating EZH2" by M.-Z. Pan and others which appeared in the 2019 issue.

The relationship between low resistance (Ron) and cell size (from 40 nm to 100 \mu\m) is systematically investigated using a 1-Mb \Cux\Siy\O resistive RAM (RRAM) array. To our knowledge, this is the first study to attempt such an endeavor. Spacer pattern technology is employed to obtain a small cell size on the basis of a 0.13-\mu \m standard logic process. Ron exhibits minimal change at 100 \mu\m to 90 nm of RRAM size. However, it quadratically increases at 90 to 40 nm. The reset current, which is highly dependent on Ron, is linearly reduced fivefold in accordance with cell size, thereby improving overall power reduction and cell size scaling. The Ron dependence on cell size can be well explained by the dendritelike conductive filament model. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The complex impedance spectroscopy method associated with capacitance–voltage is employed to investigate the resistive switching behavior of the bilayer structure for the first time. The reset current is reduced by more than one order for the \AlOx/\WOx bilayer compared with that of the single-layer structure. It is distinguished that each layer plays an important role. The \AlOx layer is the dominating switching layer, while the \WOx layer has the functions of controlling the conductive filaments in the \AlOx layer and acting as a series impedance to reduce the reset current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wide dispersions of memory switching parameters are observed in resistive random access memory based on AlJCux 0/Cu structure. Moreover, the switching instability in- duced by these dispersions is studied. In this letter, a ramped-pulse series operation method is put forward, which can improve switch- ing stability and cycling endurance remarkably. A method for minimizing the dispersion of Vreset by optimizing the amplitude of pulse is proposed further. The write-read-erase-read operations can be over 8 x 103 cycles without degradation by using the new operation mode. The role of Joule heating behind this behavior of AI/Cux O/Cu device is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors found CuOx thin film with gradual oxygen concentration (GOC) distribution enhances resistive switching characteristics for nonvolatile memory applications. By using Al/GOC CuOx/Cu structure, not only no forming is needed but also the endurance of switching is greatly enhanced. The device with GOC CuOx demonstrates resistance on/off ratio of greater than 100 and endurance of more than 12 000 cycles. The “forming-free” characteristics appear related to thinner CuO and the endurance enhancement appears related to gradual gradient of oxygen vacancies in CuOx. Thus, the thickness of CuO and distribution of oxygen (as well as vacancies) play important roles for performance improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycrystalline Cux O films produced by plasma oxidation are investigated for nonvolatile memory applications. Reversible bistable resistive switching from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state, and vice versa, is observed in an integrated Al/Cux O/Cu structure under voltage sweeping. More than 3000 repetitive cycles are observed in 180-µm memory devices with an on/off ratio of ten times. Data testing shows that the devices meet the ten-year retention requirement for the storage of programmed logic signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The forming process, which is the first transition from fresh state to low resistance state, was investigated in CuxO memory films prepared by plasma-induced oxidation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of surface chemical bonds of CuxO films and Auger electron spectroscopy depth spectra show that the formation of a highly resistive CuO layer on the CuxO surface is the main reason for the requirement of a large forming voltage. After selectively deoxidizing the CuO into Cu2O, the need for the "forming" process disappears. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the effect of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) inhibitor BGJ-398 on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM MSC) into osteoblasts in wild type (wt) mice and in animals with mutation in TBXT gene (mt) and possible differences in the pluripotency of these cells. Cytology tests showed that the cultured BM MSC could differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. The effect of different BGJ-398 concentrations on the expression of FGFR3, RUNX2, SMAD1, SMAD4, SMAD5, SMAD6, SMAD7, and SMAD8 were studied by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The expression of RUNX2 protein was evaluated by Western blotting. BM MSC of mt and wt mice did not differ in pluripotency and expressed the same membrane marker antigens. BGJ-398 inhibitor reduced the expression of FGFR3 and RUNX2. In BM MSC from mt and wt mice have similar gene expression (and its changing) in FGFR3, RUNX2, SMAD1, SMAD4, SMAD5, SMAD6, SMAD7, and SMAD8 genes. Thus, our experiments confirmed the effect of decreased expression of FGFR3 on osteogenic differentiation of BM MSC from wt and mt mice. However, BM MSC from mt and wt mice did not differ in pluripotency and are an adequate model for laboratory research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetography using magnetic sensitive lines is regarded traditionally as the main instrument for measuring the magnetic field of the whole Sun. Full polarized Stokes parameters (I , Q , U , V ) can be used to deduce the magnetic field under specific theoretical models or inversion algorithms. Due to various reasons, there are often cross-talk effects among Stokes signals observed directly by magnetographs. Especially, the circularly polarized signal V usually seriously affects the linearly polarized Q and U signals, which is one of the main errors in the value of the transverse magnetic field (parallel to the solar surface) that is related to Q and U . The full-disk magnetograph onboard the Advanced Space based Solar Observatory (ASO-S/FMG) is designed to observe Stokes parameters and deduce the magnetic-field vector. In this article, the methods for correcting the effects of cross-talk V on Q and U based on the assumption of perfectly symmetric Q and U and anti-symmetric Stokes V profiles and a new method for reducing the crosstalk effect under observation mode of the FMG are developed. Through the test, it is found that the two methods are effective in cross-talk removal in the sunspot region and have better consistency. Additionally, the developed method can be applied to remove the cross-talk effect by using only one group of Q , U and V images observed at one wavelength position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SFTS virus ( SFTSV) is a novel bunyavirus that causes severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ( SFTS), an emerging infectious disease that occurred in China in recent years, with an average case fatality rate of 10-12%. Intervention in the early clinical stage is the most effective measure to reduce the mortality rate of disease. To elucidate the natural course of and immune mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of SFTSV, 59 laboratory-confirmed SFTS patients in the acute phase, who were hospitalized between October 2010 and September 2011, were enrolled in this study, and the patients sera were dynamically collected and tested for SFTSV viral RNA load, 34 cytokines or chemokines and other related laboratory parameters. All clinical diagnostic factors in the acute phase of SFTS were evaluated and assessed. The study showed that the severity of the disease in 11 (18.6%) patients was associated with abdominal pain (p 0.007; OR = 21.95; 95% CI, 2.32-208.11) and gingival bleeding (p 0.001; OR = 122.11; 95% CI, 6.41-2328). The IP-10, TNF- α, IL-6, IL-10, granzyme B and HSP70 levels were higher over the 7-8 days in severe cases, accompanied by altered AST, CK and LDH levels. HSP70 (p 0.012; OR = 8.29; 95% CI, 1.58-43.40) was independently correlated with the severity of the early acute phase of SFTSV infection. The severity of SFTS can be predicted based on the presence of symptoms such as abdominal pain and gingival bleeding and on the level of HSP70 in the acute phase of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis ( M. bovis) seriously affects efficiency of animal production with impacts on public health as well. Effective programmes of prevention and eradication of M. bovis infection therefore are urgently needed. Intracellular pathogen resistance gene 1 (Ipr1) is well known to mediate innate immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), but there are no reports as to whether Ipr1 can enhance the phagocytic ability of macrophage against M. bovis. In this investigation, RAW 264.7 macrophage was transduced with lentiviral vector carrying Ipr1 (named Lenti-Ipr1); transgenic cells were identified by RT-PCR and western blotting. Transgenic positive cells (R-Ipr1) were then infected with an M. bovis virulent strain, with non-transduced cells used as control. When cell proliferation, viability and apoptosis of the two groups were investigated, it was found that infected RAW 264.7 died by necrosis whereas R-Ipr1 underwent apoptosis. Furthermore, the numbers of intracellular bacteria in R-Ipr1 were lower than those in control cells ( P < 0.05). To identify the role of Ipr1, we measured the genes of Casp3, Mcl-1 and NOS2A which associated with macrophage activation and apoptosis by real-time quantitative PCR. The results demonstrated that Ipr1 gene expression can enhance anti- M. bovis infection of macrophage. This establishes a basis for the future production of Ipr1-transgenic cattle to strengthen the tuberculosis resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer is a major public health problem worldwide, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. It often coexists with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the diagnosis and management of which often receives insufficient attention. In particular, the presence of COPD has significant implications for the clinical management of lung cancer patients. This review systematically assesses the influence of COPD on the efficacy of immunotherapy and the occurrence of immune-related adverse events in patients with lung cancer, identifies existing challenges and proposes avenues for future research in this field.

Dentin dysplasia type Ⅱ (DD-Ⅱ) is a subtype of hereditary dentin disorders. The dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene has been revealed to be the causative gene, whose mutations could affect the normal tooth development process. The lesions involve both deciduous and permanent dentition, mainly manifested as tooth discoloration, attrition and even the subsequent malocclusion. If not treated in time, it will significantly affect the physical and psychological health of patients. The disease is difficult to be diagnosed in clinic accurately as its low incidence and hidden manifestations. The present article aims to discuss the clinical and radiographic characteristics, diagnosis, treatment of DD-Ⅱ, in order to improve the overall understanding on DD-Ⅱ for clinicians.

The biological samples of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases are extremely precious. Collecting and preserving these biological samples are helpful to elucidate the mechanisms and improve the level of diagnose and treatment of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. The standardized construction of biobanks for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases is important for achieving these goals. At present, there is very little information on the construction of these biobanks, and the standards or suggestions for the classification and coding of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources, and this is not conducive to the standardization and information construction of biobanks for special oral diseases. This consensus summarizes the background, necessity, principles, and key points of constructing the biobank for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. On the base of the group standard "Classification and Coding for Human Biomaterial" (GB/T 39768-2021) issued by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Biological Samples, we suggest 76 new coding numbers for different of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources. We hope the consensus may promote the standardization, and smartization on the biobank construction as well as the overall research level of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases in China.

Objective: To investigate the etiology, prevention and treatment status, and their corresponding regional differences of the patients with liver cirrhosis in China, in order to provide scientific basis for the development of diagnosis and control strategies in China. Methods: Clinical data of patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis for the first time through January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020 from 50 hospitals in seven different regions of China were collected and analyzed retrospectively, and the difference of etiology, treatment, and their differences in various regions were analyzed. Results: A total of 11 861 cases with liver cirrhosis were included in the study. Thereinto, 5 093 cases (42.94%) were diagnosed as compensated cirrhosis, and 6 768 cases (57.06%) had decompensated cirrhosis. Notably, 8 439 cases (71.15%) were determined as chronic hepatitis B-caused cirrhosis, 1 337 cases (11.27%) were alcoholic liver disease, 963 cases (8.12%) were chronic hepatitis C, 698 cases (5.88%) were autoimmune liver disease, 367 cases (3.09%) were schistosomiasis, 177 cases (1.49%) were nonalcoholic fatty liver, and 743 cases (6.26%) of other types of liver disease. There were significant differences in the incidence of chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver, schistosomiasis liver disease, and autoimmune liver disease among the seven regions ( P <0.001). Only 1 139 cases (9.60%) underwent endoscopic therapy, thereinto, 718 cases (6.05%) underwent surgical therapy, and 456 cases (3.84%) underwent interventional therapy treatment. In patients with compensated liver cirrhosis, 60 cases (0.51%) underwent non-selective β receptor blockers(NSBB), including 59 cases (0.50%) underwent propranolol and 1 case (0.01%) underwent carvedilol treatment. In patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, 310 cases (2.61%) underwent NSBB treatment, including 303 cases (2.55%) underwent propranolol treatment and 7 cases (0.06%) underwent carvedilol treatment. Interestingly, there were significant differences in receiving endoscopic therapy, interventional therapy, NSBB therapy, splenectomy and other surgical treatments among the seven regions ( P <0.001). Conclusion: Currently, chronic hepatitis B is the main cause (71.15%) of liver cirrhosis in several regions of China, and alcoholic liver disease has become the second cause (11.27%) of liver cirrhosis in China. The three-level prevention and control of cirrhosis in China should be further strengthened.

Circadian rhythm is regulated by circadian clock, which is formed by the body response to external cyclic stimuli through the endogenous circadian clock. Circadian rhythm disturbance is closely related to the risks of a variety of diseases, and its impact on oral health cannot be ignored. Exploring the relationship and related molecular mechanism between circadian rhythm and dental hard tissues development are helpful to deeply understand the pathogenesis of developmental defects on these tissues, which could provide a theoretical basis for prevention and treatment on disorders of dental hard tissues. In order to provide guidance for the disease prevention and treatment, based on the summarization of current research progress, this paper focuses on the involvement of biorhythm in the development of tooth hard tissues as well as the disturbance of circadian rhythm on the formation of enamel and dentin, and analyzes the related regulating mechanism of circadian rhythm and genes during the development of tooth hard tissues.

Diabetes mellitus is a relative contraindication of dental implant therapy, that limits the application of implant therapy severely. Diabetic status often leads to secondary vascular and bone lesions, which affect treatment adversely and lead to an increased failure rate. Therefore, how to implement implant therapy for diabetic patients has become a difficult question for dentists. According to the research and experience over the years on diabetic patients, and referring to the current research progress on this topic, the authors will discuss the clinical characteristics of diabetic patients and the details of treatment process, for reference.

Objective: To investigate the effect of guided bone regeneration (GBR) on marginal bone loss (MBL) in the region of the mandibular posterior tooth by using a retrospective cohort study, in order to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods: The research subjects were patients who received dental implants from October 2008 to June 2011 in the region of the mandibular posterior tooth at the Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University. According to whether GBR was performed or not and the time of implant insertion, the patients were divided into the controls group (patients without bone grafting), simultaneous GBR implantation group, and delayed GBR implantation group. On this basis, the MBL was measured according to radiographs by comparing the marginal bone level from that of immediate postoperation 10 years ago. General data was collected and compared among groups, including modified plaque index (mPI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), and gingival papilla height. Results: The controls group (patients without bone grafting), implantation group, and delayed GBR implantation group followed 58, 76, 26 implants in 26, 32, 13 patients aging at (46.5±9.9), (45.5±10.7), (58.3±6.4) respectively. The duration of the follow-up was (11.2±0.7), (11.1±0.8), (11.1±0.9) years respectively. The 10-year implant survival rate was 100% (58/58), 100% (76/76), 100% (26/26). The MBL was (0.91±0.28), (0.84±0.27), (1.01±0.27) mm respectively. The MBL difference of patients with simultaneous GBR implantation and delayed GBR implantation showed statistical significance ( P <0.05), but these two groups showed no statistical significance compared with the controls group ( P >0.05). The mPI, mSBI, PD, and gingival papilla height of the three groups all had no significance on statistics ( P >0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is no difference in long-term marginal bone resorption between simultaneous and delayed implantation with or without GBR (using autologous blood mixed with granular bone meal) in the posterior mandibular area.

Objective: The incidence of thyroid cancer is rising globally. Most patients progress slowly, but some patients develop lymph node and distant metastasis earlier, and their prognosis is poor. Therefore, early diagnosis and warning of malignancy are very meaningful for such patients. SAS1B gene is a newly discovered protein expressed on the surface of mature egg cells and has metalloendopeptidase activity. We aimed at exploring whether SAS1B is involved in the occurrence of thyroid cancer, and at providing evidence for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of thyroid cancer., Patients and Methods: In this study, a rabbit anti-human SAS1B polyclonal antibody was prepared by gene recombination technology. The indirect ELISA method was used to detect the SAS1B protein expression in the serum of 69 patients with thyroid cancer and 55 normal controls, and the relevant pathological factors were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry and PCR technology were used to investigate the expression levels of SAS1B protein and mRNA in 30 thyroid cancer tissues and 23 control thyroid tissues., Results: The titer of SAS1B recombinant antibody was 1:51200. The expression of SAS1B in the serum of patients with thyroid cancer was higher than that in the normal control group (p<0.01). The antibody had a good sensitivity in serum detection of cancer patients (p=0.008<0.01), the linear regression analysis result was that the expression of SAS1B gene was related to tumor envelope invasion and lymph node metastasis (p=0.003<0.01, p=0.003<0.01), and it was irrelevant to the patient's gender, age, tumor mass size, number of cancer foci, pathological stage, etc. (p>0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that SAS1B protein was mainly located in the cytoplasm and membrane of thyroid cancer cells. The expression intensity in thyroid cancer tissues was higher than that in control tissues (p<0.05), but it was not expressed in normal thyroid tissues. Antibodies showed a good sensitivity that was used to detect thyroid cancer tissues (p=0.000<0.01). The results of ordinary PCR detection using thyroid cancer tissue and control thyroid tissue showed that the amplification products of the three domains (N-terminal, C-terminal and catalytic domain) of the SAS1B gene showed high expression in thyroid cancer tissue. q-PCR results showed that the expression of SAS1B gene in thyroid cancer and control thyroid tissue was higher than that in control group (p<0.05), and the genes of Aurora A and BARD1 related to centrosome replication and DNA replication forks protection during the proliferation were highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissue. The study results suggested that SAS1B was involved in the carcinogenesis of thyroid cancer. The Hum&#95;mPLoc.2.0 software, PSORT Ⅱ software and UniProt software were used to predict that SAS1B protein had secretory protein properties., Conclusions: The above data indicate that the SAS1B gene is closely related to the process of thyroid cancer and can serve as a good tumor marker that can be used for early diagnosis and early warning of thyroid malignancy.

With the development of dental implant prosthodontic technique, many new concepts and methods have emerged. In the light of present situation, implant prosthodontic technique is developing towards precision, comfortability, immediacy and digitization. Meanwhile, the research area is focusing on expanding immediate restoration indications, clinical selection strategies of different prosthodontic materials and the accuracy of digitalized prosthodontics. The paper aims to discuss the developing trend in prosthodontics of dental implantology for clinical reference.

Objective: To explore the protective effect of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and liraglutide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced acute lung injury (ALI) . Methods: AD-MSCs were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, LPS group (30 mg/L) , and LPS (30 mg/L) +liraglutide (10 nM) group. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of AD-MSCs at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h. Annexin V-FITC / PI double staining flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of the cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptotic proteins cleaved caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 at 72 h in vitro . For the in vivo experiment, 60 male SPF BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, ALI group, ALI+AD-MSCs group, ALI+Liraglutide group, and ALI+AD-MSCs+Lraglutide group. The mice were sacrificed on day 2 and day 7 after LPS treatment. HE staining was used to examine the pathological changes of the lungs of mice, and the scores of lung injury were measured. The lung tissues of mice were examined by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of the marker protein Nanog of mesenchymal stem cells was observed. BALF was collected, and the number of BALF neutrophils was counted by Rayleigh Giemsa staining. The wet/dry specific gravity of mouse lung tissue was recorded. Results: The apoptosis of AD-MSCs stimulated by LPS was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P< 0.05) , and the proliferation of AD-MSCs at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h was significantly lower than that of the control group (all P< 0.05) . The addition of Liraglutide reduced the apoptosis of AD-MSCs ( P< 0.05) , and promoted the proliferation of AD-MSC at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h. Compared with the control group, in the 2 d and 7 d model groups, the lung injury pathology of ALI group had lung injury, increased number of neutrophils in BALF (65.63±1.34 vs 1.74±0.17, 51.67±1.35 vs 1.55±0.13) ×10(4)/ml (all P< 0.05) , and increased W/D of lung tissues. The expression level of Nanog protein was low in the 7 d model group. Compared with the ALI group, in 2 d and 7 d model groups, the ALI+AD-MSCs group, the ALI+liraglutide group, and the ALI+AD-MSCs+liraglutide group showed reduced lung injury pathology, and the number of neutrophils was decreased, (37.04±1.23, 29.17±0.68) ×10(4) / ml (all P< 0.05) in the ALI+AD -MSCs group, (39.58±1.67, 35.42±0.25) ×10(4) / ml in the ALI+Liraglutide group (all P< 0.05) and (28.54±0.37, 21.46±0.89) ×10(4)/ml (all P< 0.05) in the ALI+AD-MSCs+Liraglutide group. Lung tissue W/D in the ALI+AD-MSCs group, ALI+Liraglutide group and ALI+AD-MSCs+Liraglutide group showed the same trend. Nanog protein expression increased in the 7 d model group. Conclusions: AD-MSCs play a protective role in acute lung injury in mice under the synergistic effect of liraglutide.

Objective: To explore and analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of infant hairy polyp. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on 13 cases of hairy polyp confirmed by pathology, who were admitted to the Children's Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2010 to September 2019, including 4 males and 9 females, with a male-female ratio of 1∶2.25. The age ranged from 3 hours to 1 year, and the median age was 1 month. Twelve of the 13 children were found to have difficulty breathing or feeding. All the children received coblation resection under general anesthesia. The root pedicle of the mass was found in the lateral nasopharyngeal wall in 8 cases, in the junction of palatine and palatopharyngeal arch of tonsil and the tongue and esophageal entrance in 1 case, respectively. Nasal septum was found in 2 cases, including 1 case located between two incisors. The wound at the root pedicle was ablated and the bleeding was stopped completely. Results: Postoperative follow-up lasted from 3 months to 2 years, and there was no recurrence in 12 cases. Fibrolaryngoscope showed a mass of the right eustachian tube and pharyngeal mouth in 1 case 2 years after the surgery, which was considered recurrence of hairy polyps and lost after that. Conclusion: Hairy polyps in infants is a rare clinical disease, and its main symptom is upper respiratory tract obstruction. Early diagnosis and radical surgery are the key to the treatment of the disease.

Fusarium graminearum is the primary causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat. The phenylpyrrole fungicide fludioxonil is not currently registered for the management of FHB in China. The current study assessed the fludioxonil sensitivity of a total of 53 F. graminearum isolates collected from the six most important wheat-growing provinces of China during 2018 and 2019. The baseline fludioxonil sensitivity distribution indicated that all of the isolates were sensitive, exhibiting a unimodal cure with a mean effective concentration for 50% inhibition value of 0.13 ± 0.12 μg/ml (standard deviation). Five fludioxonil-resistant mutants were subsequently induced by exposure to fludioxonil under laboratory conditions. Ten successive rounds of subculture in the absence of the selection pressure indicated that the mutation was stably inherited. However, the fludioxonil-resistant mutants were found to have reduced pathogenicity, higher glycerol accumulation, and higher osmotic sensitivity than the parental wild-type isolates, indicating that there was a fitness cost associated with fludioxonil resistance. In addition, the study also found a positive cross resistance between fludioxonil, procymidone, and iprodione, but not with other fungicides such as boscalid, carbendazim, tebuconazole, and fluazinam. Sequence analysis of four candidate target genes ( FgOs1 , FgOs2 , FgOs4 , and FgOs5 ) revealed that the HBXT2R mutant contained two point mutations that resulted in amino acid changes at K223T and K415R in its FgOs1 protein, and one point mutation at residue 520 of its FgOs5 protein that resulted in a premature stop codon. Similarly, the three other mutants contained point mutations that resulted in changes at the K192R, K293R, and K411R residues of the FgOs5 protein but none in the FgOs2 and FgOs4 genes. However, it is important to point out that the FgOs2 and FgOs4 expression of all the fludioxonil-resistant mutants was significantly ( P < 0.05) downregulated compared with the sensitive isolates (except for the SQ1-2 isolate). It was also found that one of the resistant mutants did not have changes in any of the sequenced target genes, indicating that an alternative mechanism could also lead to fludioxonil resistance.

Developmental disorders of dental hard tissues are important components of non-carious diseases, which mainly include amelogenesis imperfecta and hereditary dentin disorders with various subtypes. In the absence of effective intervention, these disorders would lead to tooth sensitivity, defects of tooth structure or even loss of tooth, affecting the masticatory function and facial aesthetic configuration. At present, many dental clinicians may not have sufficient understanding of the diseases, and it is urgent to pay attention to the diseases per se and the patients affected. Based on the summary of the current research progresses, this article focuses on the clinical classification, the disease phenotype and the pathogenesis of gene mutations, in order to provide reference and help for the dental clinicians as well as the patients.