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156. MOESM1 of Study of traits and recalcitrance reduction of field-grown COMT down-regulated switchgrass

Author

Li, Mi, Yunqiao Pu, Yoo, Chang, Gjersing, Erica, Decker, Stephen, Crissa Doeppke, Shollenberger, Todd, Tschaplinski, Timothy, Engle, Nancy, Sykes, Robert, Davis, Mark, Baxter, Holly, Mazarei, Mitra, Chunxiang Fu, Dixon, Richard, Zeng-Yu Wang, C. Neal Stewart, and Ragauskas, Arthur

Abstract

Additional file 1. Supporting figures and tables of understanding the reduced cell wall recalcitrance of field-grown COMT Down-regulated switchgrass. Figure S1. Scheme of proposed lignin biosynthesis involving COMT. Figure S2. Relationship of cellulose DP to glucose release efficiency of unpretreated switchgrass. Figure S3. Relationship of hemicellulose molecular weights to xylose release efficiency of unpretreated switchgrass. Figure S4. Relationship of Cellulose crystallinity (CrI) to glucose release unpretreated switchgrass. Table S1. Original data used for Fig. 1: Chemical composition (per g cell wall residue) of field-grown switchgrass in years 2 and 3. The values reported are the average of 5 biological replicates from each control group, and 10 biological replicates from each transgenic group. Student t test was used as a statistical analysis for the difference between the transgenic and control groups. Table S2. Data used for Fig. 2a and b: Sugar release (mg per g cell wall residues) from hydrothermally pretreated (a) and unpretreated (b) switchgrass in years 2 and 3 after 72 h enzymatic hydrolysis (the value reported is the average of 5 biological replicates from each control group, and 10 biological replicates from each transgenic group). Student t test was used as a statistical analysis for the difference between the transgenic and control groups. Table S3. Original data used for Fig. 2c: the relationship of total sugar (glucose and xylose) release for pretreated switchgrass from enzymatic hydrolysis to lignin content (wt% of cell wall residues). Table S4. Original data used for Fig. 2d: the relationship of total sugar (glucose and xylose) release for unpretreated switchgrass from enzymatic hydrolysis to lignin content (wt% of cell wall residues). Table S5. Original data used for Figs. 3 and 4: distribution of DO adsorption and relationship of DO its relationship to sugar release (Fig. 3). Hemicellulose molecular weight distribution and Cellulose crystallinity index (CrI) (Fig. 4). Student’s t test was used as a statistical analysis for the difference between the transgenic and control groups. Table S6. Student’s t test results of traits difference in field-grown switchgrass between year 2 and 3.

Published
2017
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157. MOESM1 of The TcEG1 beetle (Tribolium castaneum) cellulase produced in transgenic switchgrass is active at alkaline pH and auto-hydrolyzes biomass for increased cellobiose release

Author

Willis, Jonathan, Grant, Joshua, Mazarei, Mitra, Kline, Lindsey, Rempe, Caroline, A. Collins, Turner, Geoffrey, Decker, Stephen, Sykes, Robert, Davis, Mark, Labbe, Nicole, Jurat-Fuentes, Juan, and C. Stewart

Subjects
Data_FILES
Abstract

Additional file 1. Additional figures and table.

Published
2017
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158. Effect of Body Mass Index on Effectiveness of CT versus Invasive Coronary Angiography in Stable Chest Pain: The DISCHARGE Trial

Author

Sykes, Robert, Collison, Damien, Merkely, Bela, Kofoed, Klaus F., Donnelly, Patrick, Rodríguez-Palomares, José, Erglis, Andrejs, Veselka, Josef, Šakalytė, Gintarė, Ađić, Nada Čemerlić, Gutberlet, Matthias, Dodd, Jonathan D., Diez, Ignacio, Davis, Gershan, Zimmermann, Elke, Kępka, Cezary, Vidakovic, Radosav, Francone, Marco, Ilnicka-Suckiel, Małgorzata, Plank, Fabian, Knuuti, Juhani, Faria, Rita, Schröder, Stephen, Berry, Colin, Saba, Luca, Ruzsics, Balazs, Rieckmann, Nina, Kubiak, Christine, Hansen, Kristian Schultz, Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Knudsen, Andreas D., Benedek, Imre, Orr, Clare, Valente, Filipa Xavier, Zvaigzne, Ligita, Horváth, Martin, Jankauskas, Antanas, Ađić, Filip, Woinke, Michael, Keane, Stephen, Lecumberri, Iñigo, Thwaite, Erica, Laule, Michael, Kruk, Mariusz, Zivanic, Aleksandra, Mancone, Massimo, Kuśmierz, Donata, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Pietilä, Mikko, Ribeiro, Vasco Gama, Drosch, Tanja, Delles, Christian, Porcu, Michele, Fisher, Michael, Bárány, Tamás, Sørum, Charlotte, Aurelian, Rosca, Kelly, Stephanie, Blanco, Bruno Garcia del, Rubio, Ainhoa, Szilveszter, Bálint, Abdulla, Jawdat, Rodean, Ioana, Regan, Susan, Calabria, Hug Cuéllar, Vecsey-Nagy, Milán, Jurlander, Birgit, Hodas, Roxana, Feger, Sarah, Mohamed, Mahmoud, Serna-Higuita, Lina M., Neumann, Konrad, Dreger, Henryk, Rief, Matthias, Wieske, Viktoria, Ferencik, Maros, Estrella, Melanie, Bosserdt, Maria, Martus, Peter, Benedek, Theodora, and Dewey, Marc

Abstract

When patients suspected of having coronary artery disease were stratified by body mass index category, no difference in clinical outcomes was observed between those who underwent initial management with CT and those who underwent invasive coronary angiography.

Published
2024
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159. Overexpression of a developing xylem cDNA library in transgenic poplar generates high mutation rate specific to wood formation.

Author

Rauschendorfer, James, Yordanov, Yordan, Dobrev, Petre, Vankova, Radomira, Sykes, Robert, Külheim, Carsten, and Busov, Victor

Subjects
ANTISENSE DNA, XYLEM, CYTOKININS, POPLARS, WOODY plants, BIOSYNTHESIS
Abstract

Summary: We investigated feasibility of the Full‐length complementary DNA OvereXpression (FOX) system as a mutagenesis approach in poplar, using developing xylem tissue. The main goal was to assess the overall mutation rate and if the system will increase instances of mutants affected in traits linked to the xylem tissue. Indeed, we found a high mutation rate of 17.7%, whereas 80% of all mutants were significantly affected in cellulose, lignin and/or hemicellulose. Cell wall biosynthesis is a major process occurring during xylem development. Enrichment of mutants affected in cell wall composition suggests that the tissue source for the FOX library influenced the occurrence of mutants affected in a trait linked to this tissue. Additionally, we found that FLcDNAs from mutants affected in cell wall composition were homologous to genes known to be involved in cell wall biosynthesis and most recovered FLcDNAs corresponded to genes whose native expression was highest in xylem. We characterized in detail a mutant line with increased diameter. The phenotype was caused by a poplar homolog of LONELY GUY 1 (LOG1), which encodes an enzyme in cytokinin biosynthesis and significantly increased xylem proliferation. The causative role of LOG1 in the observed phenotype was further reaffirmed by elevated cytokinin concentration in the mutant and recapitulation overexpression experiment wherein multiple independent lines phenocopied the original FOX mutant. Our experiments show that the FOX approach can be efficiently used for gene discovery and molecular interrogation of traits specific to woody perennial growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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161. Arthur F. Merewether: 1902-1997

Author

Sykes, Robert B., Jr.

Subjects
Wetherman, Arthur F. -- Biography, Meteorological research -- Personalities, Business, Earth sciences
Abstract

American weatherman Arthur F. Merewether died on Feb 2, 1997 at his Bayside, Long Island, NY home at age 95. As his name suggests, Wetherman spent most of his life pursuing a career in weather. His stints as an Air Force pilot and as chief of meteorology for American Airlines helped him realize the significance of weather in the overall environment and culture. Although his career in weather and the military was dotted with numerous awards and recognitions, he is best remembered for his selflessness and willingness to take action and responsibility.

Published
1997

162. Functional Analysis of Cellulose Synthase CesA4 and CesA6 Genes in Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) by Overexpression and RNAi-Mediated Gene Silencing

Author

Mazarei, Mitra, primary, Baxter, Holly L., additional, Li, Mi, additional, Biswal, Ajaya K., additional, Kim, Keonhee, additional, Meng, Xianzhi, additional, Pu, Yunqiao, additional, Wuddineh, Wegi A., additional, Zhang, Ji-Yi, additional, Turner, Geoffrey B., additional, Sykes, Robert W., additional, Davis, Mark F., additional, Udvardi, Michael K., additional, Wang, Zeng-Yu, additional, Mohnen, Debra, additional, Ragauskas, Arthur J., additional, Labbé, Nicole, additional, and Stewart, C. Neal, additional

Published
2018
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163. Pleiotropic and Epistatic Network-Based Discovery: Integrated Networks for Target Gene Discovery

Author

Weighill, Deborah, primary, Jones, Piet, additional, Shah, Manesh, additional, Ranjan, Priya, additional, Muchero, Wellington, additional, Schmutz, Jeremy, additional, Sreedasyam, Avinash, additional, Macaya-Sanz, David, additional, Sykes, Robert, additional, Zhao, Nan, additional, Martin, Madhavi Z., additional, DiFazio, Stephen, additional, Tschaplinski, Timothy J., additional, Tuskan, Gerald, additional, and Jacobson, Daniel, additional

Published
2018
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164. Sugar release and growth of biofuel crops are improved by downregulation of pectin biosynthesis

Author

Biswal, Ajaya K, primary, Atmodjo, Melani A, additional, Li, Mi, additional, Baxter, Holly L, additional, Yoo, Chang Geun, additional, Pu, Yunqiao, additional, Lee, Yi-Ching, additional, Mazarei, Mitra, additional, Black, Ian M, additional, Zhang, Ji-Yi, additional, Ramanna, Hema, additional, Bray, Adam L, additional, King, Zachary R, additional, LaFayette, Peter R, additional, Pattathil, Sivakumar, additional, Donohoe, Bryon S, additional, Mohanty, Sushree S, additional, Ryno, David, additional, Yee, Kelsey, additional, Thompson, Olivia A, additional, Rodriguez, Miguel, additional, Dumitrache, Alexandru, additional, Natzke, Jace, additional, Winkeler, Kim, additional, Collins, Cassandra, additional, Yang, Xiaohan, additional, Tan, Li, additional, Sykes, Robert W, additional, Gjersing, Erica L, additional, Ziebell, Angela, additional, Turner, Geoffrey B, additional, Decker, Stephen R, additional, Hahn, Michael G, additional, Davison, Brian H, additional, Udvardi, Michael K, additional, Mielenz, Jonathan R, additional, Davis, Mark F, additional, Nelson, Richard S, additional, Parrott, Wayne A, additional, Ragauskas, Arthur J, additional, Neal Stewart, C, additional, and Mohnen, Debra, additional

Published
2018
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165. Working towards recalcitrance mechanisms: increased xylan and homogalacturonan production by overexpression of GAlactUronosylTransferase12 (GAUT12) causes increased recalcitrance and decreased growth in Populus

Author

Biswal, Ajaya K., primary, Atmodjo, Melani A., additional, Pattathil, Sivakumar, additional, Amos, Robert A., additional, Yang, Xiaohan, additional, Winkeler, Kim, additional, Collins, Cassandra, additional, Mohanty, Sushree S., additional, Ryno, David, additional, Tan, Li, additional, Gelineo-Albersheim, Ivana, additional, Hunt, Kimberly, additional, Sykes, Robert W., additional, Turner, Geoffrey B., additional, Ziebell, Angela, additional, Davis, Mark F., additional, Decker, Stephen R., additional, Hahn, Michael G., additional, and Mohnen, Debra, additional

Published
2018
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166. Significance of Lignin S/G Ratio in Biomass Recalcitrance of Populus trichocarpa Variants for Bioethanol Production

Author

Yoo, Chang Geun, primary, Dumitrache, Alexandru, additional, Muchero, Wellington, additional, Natzke, Jace, additional, Akinosho, Hannah, additional, Li, Mi, additional, Sykes, Robert W., additional, Brown, Steven D., additional, Davison, Brian, additional, Tuskan, Gerald A., additional, Pu, Yunqiao, additional, and Ragauskas, Arthur J., additional

Published
2017
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168. The TcEG1 beetle (Tribolium castaneum) cellulase produced in transgenic switchgrass is active at alkaline pH and auto-hydrolyzes biomass for increased cellobiose release

Author

Willis, Jonathan D., primary, Grant, Joshua N., additional, Mazarei, Mitra, additional, Kline, Lindsey M., additional, Rempe, Caroline S., additional, Collins, A. Grace, additional, Turner, Geoffrey B., additional, Decker, Stephen R., additional, Sykes, Robert W., additional, Davis, Mark F., additional, Labbe, Nicole, additional, Jurat-Fuentes, Juan L., additional, and Stewart, C. Neal, additional

Published
2017
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185. Ethics of religious belief

Author

Sykes, R and Sykes, Robert Arthur Roderick

Subjects
Moral and ethical aspects, Rationalism, Belief and doubt
Abstract

This thesis seeks to answer the question of what it would be for a person to be persuaded rationally to believe that God exists, and tries to explain in a related way the possibility of rationality in Christian faith. I begin by explicating and defending the "ethics of belief" approach to epistemology. Then two competing ethics of belief are described: "Strong Formalism", which holds, through a voluntaristic decision, a deductivist epistemology; and "Soft Rationalism", which contains an infonnalist epistemology, and rejects voluntarism. Arguments for and against each view are canvassed. But I show that our attempted adjudication is blocked by the "Ultimate Rationality Problem": no ethic of belief seems able rationally to justify its view of rationality. I reduce the Problem to this fact: any view of rationality refutes itself which tries to give a foundational method of epistemic evaluation that both gives a verdict on every proposition and avoids self-justification. I reject several suggested solutions in favour of one which replaces the foundational view of justification by a contextual view. I then generate from the process of justification itself several common epistemic standards, which allow us rationally to favour Soft Rationalism over Strong Formalism. But the former is both foundationalist and needlessly opposed to formalism. I remedy these faults by developing a "Modest Formalist" ethic of belief: a'partly formal set of standards for rational metaphysical argument,"given in. the form of a set of constitutive rules for certain games of interpretive argument. In doing this I defend an improved theory of epistemic probability, and reveal the structure of our substantive views of rationality - as this virtue would be required of believings per se, of actions based on believings, and'of actions (such as living a Christian life) based on what I describe as "experimental faith".

Published
2016

188. MOESM1 of Consolidated bioprocessing of Populus using Clostridium (Ruminiclostridium) thermocellum: a case study on the impact of lignin composition and structure

Author

Dumitrache, Alexandru, Akinosho, Hannah, Rodriguez, Miguel, Xianzhi Meng, Yoo, Chang, Natzke, Jace, Engle, Nancy, Sykes, Robert, Tschaplinski, Timothy, Wellington Muchero, Ragauskas, Arthur, Davison, Brian, and Brown, Steven

Subjects
fungi, food and beverages
Abstract

Additional file 1: Figure A.1. Carbohydrate composition of initially screened Populus biomass. Figure A.2. Fermentation products of Avicel-control CBP cultures. Figure A.3. Carbohydrate content in Populus before and after repeat autoclave sterilization. Figure A.4. Lignin content in Populus before and after repeat autoclave sterilization.

Published
2016
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189. Transgenic miR156 switchgrass in the field: growth, recalcitrance and rust susceptibility

Author

Baxter, Holly L., primary, Mazarei, Mitra, additional, Dumitrache, Alexandru, additional, Natzke, Jace M., additional, Rodriguez, Miguel, additional, Gou, Jiqing, additional, Fu, Chunxiang, additional, Sykes, Robert W., additional, Turner, Geoffrey B., additional, Davis, Mark F., additional, Brown, Steven D., additional, Davison, Brian H., additional, Wang, Zeng‐Yu, additional, and Stewart, C. Neal, additional

Published
2017
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190. Study of traits and recalcitrance reduction of field-grown COMT down-regulated switchgrass

Author

Li, Mi, primary, Pu, Yunqiao, additional, Yoo, Chang Geun, additional, Gjersing, Erica, additional, Decker, Stephen R., additional, Doeppke, Crissa, additional, Shollenberger, Todd, additional, Tschaplinski, Timothy J., additional, Engle, Nancy L., additional, Sykes, Robert W., additional, Davis, Mark F., additional, Baxter, Holly L., additional, Mazarei, Mitra, additional, Fu, Chunxiang, additional, Dixon, Richard A., additional, Wang, Zeng-Yu, additional, Neal Stewart, C., additional, and Ragauskas, Arthur J., additional

Published
2017
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191. Downregulation of a UDP-Arabinomutase Gene in Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Results in Increased Cell Wall Lignin While Reducing Arabinose-Glycans

Author

Willis, Jonathan D., primary, Smith, James A., additional, Mazarei, Mitra, additional, Zhang, Ji-Yi, additional, Turner, Geoffrey B., additional, Decker, Stephen R., additional, Sykes, Robert W., additional, Poovaiah, Charleson R., additional, Baxter, Holly L., additional, Mann, David G. J., additional, Davis, Mark F., additional, Udvardi, Michael K., additional, Peña, Maria J., additional, Backe, Jason, additional, Bar-Peled, Maor, additional, and Stewart, C. N., additional

Published
2016
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192. Down-Regulation of KORRIGAN-Like Endo-β-1,4-Glucanase Genes Impacts Carbon Partitioning, Mycorrhizal Colonization and Biomass Production in Populus

Author

Kalluri, Udaya C., primary, Payyavula, Raja S., additional, Labbé, Jessy L., additional, Engle, Nancy, additional, Bali, Garima, additional, Jawdy, Sara S., additional, Sykes, Robert W., additional, Davis, Mark, additional, Ragauskas, Arthur, additional, Tuskan, Gerald A., additional, and Tschaplinski, Timothy J., additional

Published
2016
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195. The Use of Mnemonic Strategies in the Learning of Non Roman Foreign Language Alphabets.

Author

Gruneberg, Michael and Sykes, Robert

Abstract

Examines whether mnemonic strategies can be successfully applied to the learning of a non-Roman foreign-language alphabet. Students were given materials presenting Russian letters and their English sounds on each page. Beneath each letter was a mnemonic. Findings indicate that these strategies enhance the learning speed of non-Roman foreign-language alphabets. (15 references) (CK)

Published
1996

200. Knockdown of a laccase in Populus deltoides confers altered cell wall chemistry and increased sugar release

Author

Bryan, Anthony C., primary, Jawdy, Sara, additional, Gunter, Lee, additional, Gjersing, Erica, additional, Sykes, Robert, additional, Hinchee, Maud A. W., additional, Winkeler, Kimberly A., additional, Collins, Cassandra M., additional, Engle, Nancy, additional, Tschaplinski, Timothy J., additional, Yang, Xiaohan, additional, Tuskan, Gerald A., additional, Muchero, Wellington, additional, and Chen, Jin‐Gui, additional

Published
2016
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