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Background: Recurrent cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence puts patients at higher risk for mortality and morbidity. One of the CVD symptoms is acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Many genetic polymorphisms are CVD risk factors. This study's purpose was to investigate the correlation between recurrent ACS incidence and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism. Method: Case-control design was used in this study. About 90 patients who visited the cardiology and internal medicine clinics at UNAIR Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, served as the study's subjects. There were 30 patients with recurrent ACS, 30 patients with a single ACS, and 30 patients with no history of cardiovascular disease. Afterward, using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length method, the ApoE gene polymorphism examination was carried out. The Tropical Disease Center UNAIR Laboratory conducted all laboratory testing. Results: In the recurrent ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were 5 subjects for ε2ε2 (16.67%), 23 subjects for ε3ε3 (76.66%), and 2 subjects for ε4ε4 (6.67%). Meanwhile, in the single ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were 6 subjects for ε2ε2 (20%), 22 subjects for ε3ε3 (73.4%), 1 subject for ε4ε4 (3.33%), and 1 subject for ε2ε3 (3.33%). And, in the non-ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were4 subjects for ε2ε2 (13.34%), 25 subjects for ε3ε3 (83.33%), and1 subject for ε4ε4 (3.33%). There was no correlation of ApoE gene polymorphism with recurrent ACS incidence by Chi-square analysis (p > 0.05). Conclusion: ApoE gene polymorphism cannot significantly affect recurrent ACS incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The unmet need for family planning in Indonesia has been stagnant since the early 2000s in the 10%-12% range with substantial socioeconomic and geographic disparities. This study sought to better understand the factors underlying the nonuse of contraceptives among women with an apparent need for family planning so that evidence-based corrective actions can be taken. Methods: Three sources of quantitative data were used in the study--the 2017 Indonesia Demographic Health Survey, the 2018 Village Potential Survey, and the National Population and Family Planning Board service statistics. Further insights were obtained from online focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with participants in 12 districts/cities in seven provinces. Results: The analyses indicated that health concerns, service delivery-related factors, and opposition to family planning all contribute to the unmet need for family planning in Indonesia. Importantly, the salience of these factors varied significantly across different subgroups of women and geographic areas. Conclusions: Successful efforts to reduce the unmet need for family planning are complex in that they must contend with the interplay between local sociocultural contexts, individual beliefs/aspirations/preferences, and the supply environment of family planning services. Differentiated interventions for different population subgroups and geographic areas will be needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the effect of adding melon (Cucumis melo L.) juice to Lactated Ringer's-egg yolk extender on the intact plasma membrane (IPM) and morphological abnormalities of native rooster spermatozoa. Five ejaculate each from two native roosters (Gallus gallus domesticus) were divided into four equal volumes. Ejaculate was extended 1:10 (v/v) in Lactated Ringer's-egg yolk without or with the addition of of 2, 4, and 8% (v/v) melon flesh juice, respectively for groups T0, T1, T2, and T3. Extended semen was stored in a refrigerator (5°C) and evaluated every two hours. The results showed that IPM of all groups decreased (p <0.05) consistently, lasting more than 40% for six hours in the T0 and T1 groups and four hours in the T2 and T3 groups. The percentage of spermatozoa morphological abnormalities in all groups stored for six hours was higher (p <0.05) than before storage. However, it was not significantly different (p >0.05) from that which had been stored for two and four hours. It was concluded that native rooster semen extended in Lactated Ringer's-egg yolk without (group T0) or with 2% melon flesh juice (group T1) and stored at 5°C retained spermatozoa plasma membrane integrity of more than 40% and morphological abnormalities of less than 20% for six hours. While the addition of 4 % (T2) and 8% (T3) melon flesh juice maintained the percentage of IPM and spermatozoa morphological abnormalities for only four hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Skin areas that are no longer pigmented due to the loss of melanocytes characterize the inherited skin condition known as vitiligo. Patients with vitiligo may experience a decline in self-esteem and quality of life due to the condition's cosmetic effects. A particular instrument is needed to measure the quality of life in vitiligo patients in Indonesia, as the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) is a generic questionnaire for assessing the well-being of dermatology patients across the board. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) and patients' self-esteem and quality of life, as measured by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Methods The VitiQol was initially cross-culturally adapted to the Indonesian language. The Indonesian version of the VitiQol was distributed to 39 vitiligo patients and the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in December 2021-January 2022. This study was conducted by cross-sectional analytic observation. Sociodemographic data and patient characteristics with VASI, DLQI, VitiQol, and self-esteem were analyzed. Results There is a correlation between VASI with DLQI (p=0.001) and VitiQol (p=0.001), but no correlation between VASI and self-esteem (p= 0.174). There was a significant correlation between marital status and self-esteem (p=0.002), vitiligo type with VASI score (p=0.000), vitiligo type with VitiQol score (p=0.022), vitiligo location with DLQI (p=0.009), and vitiligo location with VitiQol score (p=0.001). Conclusion There is a significant correlation between the increase in VASI and the effect of vitiligo on the patients as assessed by the DLQI and VitiQol questionnaires, and there is no effect of vitiligo on self-esteem as assessed by the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) questionnaire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this research is to improve the mechanical properties such as strength, hardness and wear resistance for automotive application such as brake shoe and bearings due to high cycle, load and impact during their usage. Therefore, another alloying element or reinforcement addition is necessary. In this work, the composites are made by ADC 12 (Al-Si aluminum alloy) as the matrix and reinforced with micro SiC through stir casting process and TiB is added various from (0.04, 0.06, 0.15, 0.3 and 0.5) wt.% that act as grain refiners and 5 wt.% of Mg is added to improve the wettability of the composites. The addition of TiB improves the mechanical properties because the grain becomes finer and uniform, and the addition of Mg makes the matrix and reinforce have better adhesion. The results obtained that the optimum composition was found by adding 0.15 wt.% of TiB with tensile strength improve from 98 MPa to 136.3 MPa, hardness from 35 to 53 HRB and wear rate reduced from 0.006 2 mm3 s−1 to 0.002 3 mm3 s−1 respectively.

The addition of silicon carbide (SiC) as a reinforce in a composite can improve mechanical properties. In this study aluminium ADC 12 (Al-Si-Aluminium Alloy) is treated with an addition of SiC varied from (1; 1.5; 2; 2.5 to 3) vf% and mixed with 0.18 wt% Sr to change the morphology of the silicone eutectic phase and 0.15 wt% titanium boron (TiB) was added as a grain refiner as well as the addition of 5 wt% magnesium (Mg) to increase the wettability. All materials were fabricated by stir cast method. This research is conducted to obtain the candidate material for application in train's brake shoe and bearing. This kind of usage requires high mechanical properties such as wear resistance, thermal resistance, good elastic modulus and lightweight. The composites were characterised by both mechanical properties and microstructure. The result shows that there is an increase in the mechanical properties of aluminium ADC 12 /SiC composite compared to unreinforced with the value of 144 MPa of strength, 53 HRB of hardness, and 0.0049 mm3 m–1 of wear rate. As a result, the higher addition of the SiC results in the better mechanical properties for the composite.

A study of ADC12 (Al-Si aluminium alloy) composite is conducted to obtain a more sustainable material with enhanced properties for automotive industry purpose, such as train's brake shoe and bearing application. For those kind of utilization, material with durability, good elastic modulus, thermal stability, wear resistance, and high strength properties is needed due to its exposure to high temperature and heavy continuous application. ADC 12 acts as the matrix, reinforced with 3 vf% micro-SiC with 5 wt% Mg wetting agent was fabricated by the stir casting method. The addition of 0.18 wt% Sr and 0.15 wt% TiB were expected to finer the grain morphology of the silicone eutectic phase and to acts as the grain refiner, respectively. Furthermore, T6 heat treatment was applied with aging temperature 150 °C, 170 °C, 190 °C, 210 °C, and 230 °C, following the prior 1 h 490 °C solution treatment. The results obtained in this work showed enhancement in tensile strength with the value of 213 MPa, hardness value 75 HRB, and wear resistance. These values increase up to 115 MPa for the UTS and 38 HRB for the hardness value, as the impact of the refined grains from both modifiers and heat treatment.

Determination of post-mortem intervals (PMI) is a major key in forensic investigation. On the discovery of a decomposed corpse, a post mortem examination is difficult. PMI can be made by observation of insects that appear around the corpse, called forensic entomology. Forensic entomology carried out by analyzing the species of larvae and calculating the age of insects so that the time of death can be estimated. Forensic entomology has been developed in toxicological examinations so that insects found can be used as toxicological samples. The cause of death can be due to poisoning. Poisons often used in case of poisoning or suicide is pesticides. This research is a Systematic Review, a study that takes and collects data from various previous studies related to the chosen theme. The study was conducted according to protocol and registration with reference to PRISMA and JBI. Literature searches are obtained from online databases. The results were obtained by 21 studies after selection and elimination in accordance with protocol. The most accurate determination of the post mortem interval depends on post-death changes and the decomposition process. Some types of pesticides can cause the decomposition process to take place faster but some other types of pesticides can slow down the decomposition process. The content of toxins in the body ingested has an effect on the development and growth of necrophagous insects. The growth of flies will be stunted or even stopped, the presence of toxins in the corpse can be a contributing factor in the determination of the post-mortem interval. Deaths caused by toxins still need to be further researched because different types of toxins can show different side effects on the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A collective action approach to rice seed production is an inclusive method involving the community’s active participation at all stages of its execution. This allinclusive strategy, however, has yet to be thoroughly investigated and published. This study explored how and to what degree an inclusive rice seed business of Gapoktan, based on a collective action approach, might be deployed in a sustainable rice seed company run by community groups. The research comprised the following stages: (1) establishment of a seed production business institution, (2) production of rice seeds, and (3) self-assessment of the performance of the seed production business institution. Institutional data were acquired through a questionnaire that references the European Foundation for Quality Management’s (EFQM) methodology. Three dimensions used were direction (purpose, vision, and strategy; organizational culture and leadership); execution (engaging stakeholders; coasting sustainable value; driving performance transformation); and result (stakeholder perceptions; strategic and operational performance). The study suggests essential findings: The organizational structure of rice seed producers formed is complete regarding its operational functions. The rice seeds produced by Gapoktan have met both the volume and quality standards. From a financial perspective, this rice seed production unit is feasible for further development. However, their social orientation is still relatively high and needs to be more profit-oriented. Uniquely, not all members buy and use Gapoktan seeds. As a result, additional efforts are necessary to provide exceptional service to Gapoktan members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The increasing of human life expectancy may cause aging problems, including photoaging. Photoaging raises new problems in community, because its influence in human selfesteem and quality of life. Studies about photoaging have been extensively performed to enhance the basic mechanism of photoaging. Mouse skin is usually used as cutaneous aging model, because it is genetically similar to human skin. Methods This study was true experimental study, post test only-control group design that was aimed to evaluate the role of ultraviolet (UV) B irradiation to produce photoaging mouse model. Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided randomly allocation into 2 groups, namely non-UV irradiated group and UV irradiated group. Ultraviolet B irradiation were performed for 5 weeks until reaching the total dose 3100 mJ/cm2. Dermal collagen density and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) level were evaluated after the intervention. Results Dermal collagen density in non-UV irradiated group and UV irradiated group were 38.21±2.67% and 27.73±0.77%. TEWL level in non-UV irradiated group and UV irradiated group were 7.55±0.89 g/m2/h and 17.53±3.94 g/m2/h. There was significant difference between the groups in dermal collagen density and TEWL level (p<0.05). Conclusion Wistar rat in UV irradiated group that were given total dose 3100 mJ/cm2 of UV B for 5 weeks has been proven to become photoaging mouse model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]