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Lythrichthys Jordan and Starks 1904 (Setarchidae), previously regarded as a junior synonym of Setarches Johnson 1862, is recognized as valid, despite sharing some diagnostic characters with the latter, both genera differing from others in the family in having III, 4–6 (usually 5) anal-fin rays, the body depth at the pelvic-fin origin and interorbital width at the vertical midline of the eye 29.1–42.9% and 7.4–12.9% of standard length, respectively, snout, dorsal and ventral surface of the head naked, first lacrimal spine well developed and of similar length to the second and third spines, intestine and pyloric caeca black or grey, and swimbladder well developed. Lythrichthys differs from Setarches in having the second preopercular spine short or rudimentary (vs. well developed, of similar length to the first and third spines in Setarches), the thoracic and abdominal scales embedded (vs. exposed), the tip of the first lacrimal spine reaching the upper lip (vs. not reaching, except in juveniles), and 9 abdominal vertebrae (vs. 10). In addition, examination of all nominal species included in Setarchidae showed that five were best placed in Lythrichthys, viz. Lythrichthys longimanus (Alcock 1894), Lythrichthys eulabes Jordan and Starks 1904, Lythrichthys cypho (Fowler 1938), Lythrichthys dentatus sp. nov. and Lythrichthys grahami sp. nov., with Setarches including only Setarches guentheri Johnson 1862.

Upper-lip reconstruction after Mohs micrographic surgery is challenging for dermatologic surgeons. We describe a series of 15 patients (7 men and 8 women; mean age, 65.6 years) with skin cancer on the upper lip treated with Mohs surgery: 10 were basal cell carcinomas, 2 were melanomas, and 3 were squamous cell carcinomas. The resulting defects measured between 3 and 7.6cm. We used island flaps to reconstruct the defects in all cases, hiding the incisions in the nasolabial fold, at the line where the skin meets the vermillion border of the lip, and in the relaxed skin tension lines. We explain key aspects of the surgeries and design of the reconstructions, with emphasis on the importance of occasionally sacrificing small areas of healthy skin. Cosmetic and functional outcomes were satisfactory in all patients, and there were no postsurgical complications.

Examining the upper lip position is a key indicator of facial beauty. This study aimed to examine the upper lip position following cosmetic rhinoplasty at the frontal and profile views. The medical records of 67 patients who underwent rhinoplasty with no history of any facial skeletal surgery were obtained from archives. Complete preoperative and postoperative photos including the profile view at rest and the frontal view at rest, were prepared and analysed using Adobe Photoshop CC 2015 software. Interpupillary distances of two eyes in frontal views and Glabella to Pogonion (POG) distance in profile views were considered as fixed landmarks to calibrate the preoperative and postoperative photos. Upper lip length, subnasal area, and vermilion points were marked and compared between preoperative and postoperative photos. Data analysis was carried out using one-sample t-test and p

Resumen: La reconstrucción del labio superior tras la cirugía de Mohs supone, en ocasiones, un reto para el cirujano dermatológico. Presentamos una serie de 15 pacientes (7 hombres y 8 mujeres; edad media de 65,6 años) con cáncer cutáneo (10 carcinomas basocelulares, 2 melanomas y 3 carcinomas escamosos) localizados en el labio superior intervenidos mediante cirugía de Mohs con defectos resultantes de 3-7,6 cm. Para la reconstrucción se empleó un colgajo en isla del labio superior diseñado escondiendo las incisiones en el pliegue nasolabial, en la línea de unión del bermellón con la piel y en las líneas de tensión de la piel relajada. Se explican las claves del diseño y la cirugía, enfatizando en la importancia de sacrificar en ocasiones pequeñas zonas de tejido sano. Se alcanzaron resultados satisfactorios cosméticos y funcionales, sin complicaciones posquirúrgicas en todos los pacientes. Abstract: Upper-lip reconstruction after Mohs micrographic surgery is challenging for dermatologic surgeons. We describe a series of 15 patients (7 men and 8 women; mean age, 65.6 years) with skin cancer on the upper lip treated with Mohs surgery: 10 were basal cell carcinomas, 2 were melanomas, and 3 were squamous cell carcinomas. The resulting defects measured between 3 and 7.6 cm. We used island flaps to reconstruct the defects in all cases, hiding the incisions in the nasolabial fold, at the line where the skin meets the vermillion border of the lip, and in the relaxed skin tension lines. We explain key aspects of the surgeries and design of the reconstructions, with emphasis on the importance of occasionally sacrificing small areas of healthy skin. Cosmetic and functional outcomes were satisfactory in all patients, and there were no postsurgical complications.

Although conventional (Halsted) inferior alveolar nerve block is the most applied nerve block in Dentistry, it is still the most frustrating with high failure rates up to13% or even higher due to inconsistent intraoral landmarks. So, the current study aims at comparing a novel technique for the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) depending on extraoral landmarks with the conventional technique. The study group patients received IANB employing the novel technique. The novel technique depended entirely on extraoral consistent landmarks which were the base of the columella, the outer canthus of the right and the left eye, and the upper lip. In the control group, the conventional technique was applied. The success rate and the onset, the duration, and the depth of anaesthesia were assessed. Complications were recorded. While the novel technique achieved higher success rate (98.68%) than the conventional technique (88.16%), the differences with regards with all other parameters to assess the local anaesthesia were statistically insignificant. The novel technique provides the clinicians with a new tool that might be a reliable substitute for the conventional technique since the former depends entirely on extraoral consistent landmarks, which also might account for its simplicity, accuracy, and high success rate.

Context: Smile aesthetics is one of the major goals to be achieved after orthodontic mechanotherapy as it visibly displays the results of orthodontic treatment. Although orthodontic retainers aid in maintaining post-treatment occlusion, soft tissue function and aesthetics, appropriate knowledge of smile changes with age can help orthodontists to obtain stable and aesthetically appealing treatment results. Aim: To assess and quantify soft tissue changes in the upper lip in vertical dimension at both repose and maximum smiling and to evaluate changes occurring with the smile index and upper lip with age and sex in subjects of Indian origin. Settings: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India. Design: Observational study Methods and Materials: A total of 160 volunteers (80 males and 80 females) selected and were divided into 4 groups according to age and were further divided into 2 sub-groups according to gender. Thirteen measurements of relaxed and smiling upper lip were taken with a calibrated metal ruler and divider directly on the subjects. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done followed by post hoc test to determine which groups were significant from others. Levene's test was done to assess equality of variance and t-test for equality of means was done. Results: Statistically significant results were obtained in between groups and sub-groups for parameters like smile index, upper lip elevation while smiling and smile pattern in males and females changing with increase in age. Conclusions: High smile patterns with more vertical smile are more common among females and low smile patterns are more common among males. With age, the smile tends to be more horizontal in both genders.

The author of the article describes the peculiarities of speech and voice of Rhino children, defects in the pronunciation of sounds and their manifestations. Some exercise complexes for the development of soft palate and articulatory apparatus are also presented in the article.

Head and neck reconstruction serves two purposes, namely to restore function and aesthetics. The priority goals for lip reconstruction should be determined before surgery. In cases of large lip defects, maintaining the goal makes lip reconstruction difficult. This is a case report of a 66 year old man who came to ORL-HNS OPD, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya with the main complaint of ulcers on the upper lip since one year ago accompanied by pain. A mass biopsy result on the right vestibule in Malang on October 11, 2016 showed adenosquamous cell carcinoma. The patient planned to have a wide excision and reconstruction of the lip defect. Wide excision and lip reconstruction was performed on 15 September 2016. Total resection of the upper lip was performed up to the vestibule of the nose. The results showed that squamous cell carcinoma was poorly differentiated. The evaluation after myocutaneous flap surgery was well combined, there were no signs of inflammation or infection. Patients can open their mouths, eat, drink and speak without complaint. The patient then received regular chemoradiotherapy two weeks after surgery.

Congenital malformations remain one of the most pressing medical and social problems, and their frequency is an important characteristic of the population health status. Unfortunately, the tendency to their decrease is not observed in recent years, on average from 450 to 500 newborns per year. In this regard, it is important to study different aspects of the life quality of patients of different ages and with different types of congenital malformations of the upper lip and palate. The positive dynamics of changes in the life quality can be evidenced by the survey data of these patients, which must be conducted after each stage of their rehabilitation with the use of special validated questionnaires. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the life quality of patients with congenital malformations of the upper lip and palate before and after the final stage of orthopedic treatment with different types of aesthetic designs of dentures. Material and methods. An investigation of the life quality related to the oral health was proposed using data of 37 patients aged 17 to 36 years, including 26 men and 11 women with congenital malformations of the upper lip and palate, using the OHIP-14 (Oral health impact profile) questionnaire. Non-removable structures are made for 27 patients, combined (non-removable + removable) - for 10 patients. The questionnaire was conducted before treatment and one month after their orthopaedic its completion. The analysis was conducted on individual questions, which were grouped into separate blocks: questions related to problems with eating, questions related to communication problems, questions related to problems in everyday life. Research results. There was a significant improvement in the life quality of patients with congenital malformations of the upper lip and palate after completion of their orthopaedic rehabilitation as separate blocks of questions (Block I 12,703 ± 0,915 before, against 1,784 ± 0,165 after orthopaedic treatment; Block II 13,378 ± 0,672 before, against 1,405 ± 0,175 after orthopaedic treatment; Block III 9,919 ± 0,736 before, against 0,676 ± 0,155 after orthopaedic treatment), confirmed by statistical processing of the material (p

Врожденные расщелины лица относятся к наиболее тяжелой по своим последствиям патологии челюстно-лицевой области. В работе приведены данные о возрастающей актуальности реабилитации детей с расщелинами губы и неба. Целью исследований было изучение влияния фактора кооперации на эффективность реабилитационных мероприятий. Разработана анкета, позволяющая оценить влияние указанного фактора на эффективность реабилитационных мероприятий. В результате анализа данных опросов выявлено противоречие между стремлением как можно раньше завершить процесс реабилитации и желанием как можно дольше пользоваться льготами, предоставляемыми государством семьям с больным ребенком. Анкета показала достаточную валидность для определения взглядов родителей на медицинские, психолого-педагогические и социально-экономические аспекты реализации индивидуальных программ реабилитации. Большинство родителей считают, что ортодонтическое лечение должно быть закончено в более раннем возрасте (до школы). При этом они отмечают определяющую роль родителей в выработке у ребенка устойчивого желания лечиться. Процесс полной реабилитации детей родители считают возможным продлить до поступления в профессиональные учебные заведения. Сделан вывод о необходимости повышения эффективности работы психолого-педагогической службы в системе комплексной реабилитации детей с расщелинами неба и губы Congenital clefts of the face are among the most severe pathology of the maxillofacial region in terms of their consequences. The paper provides data on the increasing relevance of the rehabilitation of children with cleft lip and palate. The aim of the research was to study the influence of the factor of cooperation on the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures. A questionnaire has been developed to assess the influence of this factor on the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures. The analysis of survey data revealed a contradiction between the desire to complete the rehabilitation process as early as possible and the desire to use the benefits provided by the state to families with a sick child for as long as possible. The questionnaire showed sufficient validity to determine the views of parents on medical, psychological, pedagogical and socio-economic aspects of the implementation of individual rehabilitation programs. Most parents believe that orthodontic treatment should be completed at an earlier age (before school). At the same time, they note the decisive role of parents in developing a stable desire for treatment in a child. The parents consider it possible to extend the process of full rehabilitation of their children until they enter vocational educational institutions. It is concluded that it is necessary to increase the efficiency of the psychological and pedagogical service in the system of complex rehabilitation of children with cleft palate and lip

Aim: To compare soft tissue chin, upper lip thickness and length in patients with different mandibular divergent patterns. Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of 180 patients was taken. Based on the mandibular plane angle (GoGn-SN), all the subjects were divided into three groups, Group 1 - hyper-divergent (30 males, 30 females), Group 2 - hypo-divergent (30 males, 30 females), Group 3- normo-divergent (30 males, 30 females). Soft tissue chin, upper lip thickness and length were measured on the cephalograms. The measurements were recorded by the same operator and analysed statistically. Results: Soft tissue chin thickness (Pog-Pog'), (Gn-Gn') and (Me-Me') was found to be statistically significant only between hyperdivergent & hypodivergent groups (p=0.008), (p Conclusion: Soft tissue chin thickness was greatest in the hypodivergent group as compared to the other groups. Greater values for lip thickness were observed for hypodivergent patients. No difference in lip length was seen for all the groups. Keywords: Soft tissue analysis, Cephalometrics, Mandibular divergence.

Relevance. Fixing a cleft alveolar process is one of the most complicated problems in pediatric maxillofacial surgery. The difficulty lies in the fact that bone grafting of the alveolar process directly affects the growth of the upper jaw, the difficulty of performing surgery, as well as trying to form a sufficient amount of bone regenerate, while it is necessary to restore the anatomical integrity of the alveolar process for subsequent orthodontic treatment or dental implantation. Purpose: To review the literature on the use of autografts from various donor areas in patients with congenital cleft upper lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate. Materials and methods: A literature review of the data was carried out using the electronic databases “Medline”, “Pubmed”, “Kibeleninka”. The key words in the search were: bone plastic, cleft alveolar process. The selection criteria were the articles in English and Russian containing clinical studies on the use of various types of grafts in bone grafting of the alveolar process cleft. Results: The sources of literature on the use of various autografts for bone grafting of the alveolar outgrowth in children with cleft lip and palate were analyzed. Currently, most authors are inclined to use an iliac crest autograft in surgery. Conclusion: Although more than a century has passed since the first alveolar cleft bone graft surgery was performed, the choice of bone material is still unresolved - due to the severity of complications, the impossibility of taking a sufficient amount of bone material, as well as a high percentage of material resorption, because even with the use of iliac crest bone, the volume of transplant resorption can be over 40%.

Aim: The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of different characteristics of smile and to determine the level of normalcy based on the above. Materials and Methods: The standardized digital photographs of 529 participants were collected and transferred to personal computer in which the different characteristics of smile were visually inspected. Results: Smile with average upper lip position (54%) straight upper lip curvature in smile (46.9%), parallel incisal line to upper border of lower lip (51.8%) and incisal edges of maxillary dentition not touching to lower lip (62.4%) were most occurring characteristics with statistically significant prevalence of gingival and mucosal smiles amongst females. Conclusions: The study outlined few most occurring characteristics in smile of Nepalese population. The average upper lip position, straight upper lip curvature and parallel incisal line were some of the most prevalent characteristics in Nepalese smile. Keywords: Smile, Esthetics, Dentition, Nepalese.

Background: Facial aesthetics has been considered as the most significant factor for individual. The aim of the study was to identify the standard linear and angular measurement of facial profile in Aryan group of Nepalese population so as to set up aesthetic treatment goal.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done in fifty-seven subjects (27: females and 30: males, from 17-30 years). The landmarks were marked and two most commonly used lines were taken as reference lines E-line and S-line and seven facial angles were measured: Total Facial Convexity Angle (G-Prn-Pog), Facial Convexity Angle (G-Sn-Pog), Nasofacial Angle (G-Pog-N-Prn), Nasolabial Angle (Ls-Sn-Cm), Mentolabial Angle (Pog-B-Li),Nasofrontal Angle (G-N-Nd) and Nose tip Angle (N-Prn-Cm).Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 21. To assess anterior-posterior relationship of upper and lower lips judged by E-line and S-line were determined using correlation co-efficient (r). Likewise, to compare the angular measurement between males and females were determined using Mann-Whitney U test. Result: The anterior-posterior position of upper lip and lower lip judged by E-line were -3.78±0.67 mm and -1.92±0.61 mm respectively whereas upper and lower lips judged by S-line were 0.18±0.58 mm and 0.06±0.44 mm respectively. Statistically significant (p

Didymocarpus longicalyx, a new species of Gesneriaceae from southwestern Yunnan Province, China is described and illustrated based on detailed morphological comparisons with all known species of the genus Didymocarpus from both China and neighbouring countries. Morphologically, it is most similar to D. medogensis and D. glandulosus, but can be distinguished by its puberulent peduncles, calyx with ca. 8 mm long segments and claret corollas with three yellow spots and a few yellowish striations on upper lip.

Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease, can be categorized as acquired syphilis and congenital syphilis, manifesting diverse lesions involving multiple sites. Oral manifestations at the primary stage of acquired syphilis are usually characterized by its short period and non-specific varied presentations. And oral ulcers as initial and the only presentation of syphilis oral lesions are infrequent and occur in less than 2% of patients. Because of its transient nature and variable manifestations which could mimic other oral ulcerative lesions, oral syphilis presenting as sole ulceration at early stage can be easily neglected and rather difficult to diagnose. Herein, we report a 35-year-old female patient manifested a sole atypical ulceration on her upper lip for approximately 1 month. We highlighted the importance of early and accurate diagnosis, focused on the characteristics of oral chancre, and gave an insight to the differential diagnoses, which would be enlightening and useful in clinical practice.

Oral mucoceles are the most common benign minor salivary gland lesions. It is of interest to document the prevalence of oral mucocele among outpatients at the Saveetha Dental Hospital, India. We used patient data (12 case records) with mucocele occurrence for this analysis. Data included age, gender, diagnosis, lesion duration and relevant dental history. Data shows that oral mucocele were seen predominantly in males (66%) when compared to females (34%). The most affected site in the oral cavity was the lower lip (58%). Thus, data shows that oral mucocele was predominantly seen in males compared to females. Data also shows that the lower lip is often affected.

Epidermoid cysts are rare benign lesions in the oral cavity that may be either congenital or acquired. The cysts are usually slow-growing and asymptomatic until becoming secondarily infected or large enough to interfere with mastication and speech. Consequently, diagnosis is often delayed. The condition is also uncommon in newborns and infants. Most of the lesions occur in the floor of the mouth and rarely in the upper lip. This report describes the case of a 29-month-old girl with a palpable mass in the inner mucosa of the upper lip. The lesion was surgically enucleated using an intraoral approach and histopathologically diagnosed as epidermoid cyst.

This study aimed to compare soft tissue profile changes in Angle class II malocclusion patients treated with a Twin Force appliance (Ortho Organizers, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA) or class II elastics.The sample comprised 47 class II malocclusion patients treated orthodontically without extractions, divided into two groups. Group 1 (Twin Force): 25 patients were treated with the Twin Force, with initial and final mean ages of 17.91 and 20.45 years, respectively, and mean treatment time of 2.53 years. Group 2 (elastics): 22 patients were treated with class II elastics, with initial and final mean age of 15.87 and 18.63 years, respectively, and mean treatment time of 2.75 years. The lateral cephalograms were evaluated at the initial and final stages. Intragroup comparisons were performed with dependent t-tests and intergroup comparisons were performed with independent t-tests.Treatment-related changes in the Twin Force group included reduction of facial convexity, retrusion of the upper lip, increase of the H‑Nose distance, and decrease in Sn‑H distance, indicating improvement in facial profile. In the elastics group, treatment resulted in an increase in nasolabial angle, retrusion of the upper lip, increase of the H‑Nose distance, and decrease in Sn‑H distance, indicating improvement in facial profile. The Twin Force group showed a greater reduction of the facial convexity with treatment than the elastics group.Class II patients treated with the Twin Force appliance showed greater reduction in facial convexity than patients treated with class II elastics. The other soft tissue changes were similar for both groups.ZIEL: Ziel der Studie war der Vergleich von Veränderungen des Weichgewebeprofils bei Patienten mit Malokklusion der Angle-Klasse II, die mit einer Twin-Force-Apparatur (Ortho Organizers Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA) oder mit Klasse-II-Elastics behandelt wurden.Die Stichprobe umfasste 47 Patienten mit Klasse-II-Malokklusion, die kieferorthopädisch ohne Extraktionen behandelt wurden, aufgeteilt auf zwei Gruppen. Gruppe 1 (Twin Force): 25 Patienten, die mit Twin Force behandelt wurden, mit einem durchschnittlichen Alter zu Beginn bzw. zum Abschluss der Behandlung von 17,91 bzw. 20,45 Jahren und einer durchschnittlichen Behandlungsdauer von 2,53 Jahren. Gruppe 2 (Elastics): 22 Patienten, die mit Klasse-II-Elastics behandelt wurden, mit einem durchschnittlichen Anfangs- bzw. Endalter von 15,87 bzw. 18,63 Jahren und einer durchschnittlichen Behandlungszeit von 2,75 Jahren. Die lateralen Kephalogramme wurden im initialen und abschließenden Behandlungsstadium ausgewertet. Intragruppenvergleiche wurden mit abhängigen t-Tests, Intergruppenvergleiche mit unabhängigen t-Tests durchgeführt.Behandlungsbedingte Veränderungen in der Twin-Force-Gruppe umfassten eine Verringerung der Gesichtskonvexität, eine Retrusion der Oberlippe, eine Zunahme der H‑Nase-Distanz und eine Abnahme der Sn-H-Distanz, was auf eine Verbesserung des Gesichtsprofils hinweist. In der Elastics-Gruppe kam es mit der Behandlung zu einer Zunahme des Nasolabialwinkels, einer Retrusion der Oberlippe, einer Zunahme der H‑Nase-Distanz und einer Abnahme der Sn-H-Distanz, was auf eine Verbesserung des Gesichtsprofils hinweist. Die Twin-Force-Gruppe zeigte durch die Behandlung eine stärkere Reduktion der Gesichtskonvexität als die Elastics-Gruppe.Bei den mit der Twin-Force-Apparatur behandelten Klasse-II-Patienten war die Reduktion der Gesichtskonvexität stärker ausgeprägt als bei den mit Klasse-II-Elastics behandelten. Die übrigen Weichgewebeveränderungen waren bei den Patienten beider Gruppen ähnlich.

Canalicular adenomas are uncommon benign salivary gland tumors that typically arise from minor salivary glands. They are usually solitary tumors; only a few cases of multiple tumors have been reported. We describe an unusual case of canalicular adenomas that appeared simultaneously in the buccal mucosa and upper lip of an elderly Japanese woman. Microscopic examination revealed that the tumors were composed of columnar cells in a canal-like structure and accompanied by cystic cavities. Immunohistochemical evaluation further revealed that the tumor cells were positive for CK7, CK14, and S100, whereas staining yielded negative results for β-catenin, calponin, Ki-67 protein, p63, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). We also review previous reports of cases of multiple canalicular adenomas and discuss their clinical features.

Adenoid squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma. As this variant is rare it is difficult to distinguish it from other variants of squamous cell carcinoma. It commonly originates in the head and neck region as these parts are highly exposed to the sunlight. There are very few cases reported in the literature. Here we report a case in a 30-year-old male who reported with a nodular lesion over the upper lip with no unusual signs, which was confirmed as adenoid squamous cell carcinoma after various histopathological tests.

Lip provides an attractive and pleasing appearance to the face. Lip anomaly is by the presence of excess fold or redundant or tissue on side of the lip which is referred as double lip. It can be either congenital or acquired and unilateral or bilateral. Such rare entity can affect either upper lip or lower lip or both as seen in syndrome which can be easily diagnosed clinically and rarely reports were published on congenital double lip. During growth and development, the upper lip possesses an outer cutaneous zone often referred as pars and an inner zone which is known as pars which are the two transverse zones. The non-inflammatory labial mucous gland of the pars and unreasonable abundant tissue results in double lip. Treatment should be carried out by an excision of the and sub tissue, without involvement of the underlying muscle This article is a report of a 10 years old boy with this deformity who presented with the complaint of huge lips causing unaesthetic appearance of face and was surgically managed improving the appearance of the face aesthetically acceptable which in turn improves the confidence level of an individual.

Background The canine plays an important role in dentofacial aesthetics and function. It supports the base of the alar and upper lip, which are necessary for smile aesthetics. When impacted, these functions are lost, leading to low self-esteem and overall poor health-related quality of life. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and pattern of impacted canines in the southwestern region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods This was a retrospective study carried out in a dental center in the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. A total of 2000 panoramic radiographs were screened, and all patients with impacted canines were further screened both clinically and radiologically (cone beam CT). Demographics, position, laterality, and relationships to the midline were retrieved and recorded. Cone beam CT was used to diagnose palatal or labial impactions. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for IOS Version 25 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp). Results A total of 2000 panoramic radiographs were screened, out of which 107 cases were found to have impacted canines, giving a prevalence of 5.35%. There were 38 males and 69 females with a M:F ratio of 1:1.8. Their age ranged from 15 to 75 years with a mean ± SD age of 20.4 ± 11.1. There were more affected maxillary canines (99 (92.5%)) compared with mandibular canines (8 (7.5%)). Palatal impaction positions were more frequent than labial impactions. Conclusion The prevalence of canine impaction in the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia was 5.35%, with a female preponderance and more palatal positions. The impactions occurred more unilaterally on the left side than on both sides.

Midline clefts of the upper lip are rare, and it is therefore important that surgeons have access to a methodical approach for when these presentations are encountered. We adapted principles of the anatomic subunit approximation for unilateral cleft lip, to the repair of midline clefts. The overt use of anatomic landmarks to define the repair results in a design that inherently adjusts to varying degrees of clefts and can accommodate asymmetries. The “measure twice, cut once” style is an advantage to new surgeons and to surgeons who seldom encounter this presentation. We describe the details of surgical repair in the context of a patient with Pai syndrome and associated nasal hamartomas that resulted in nasolabial asymmetry. This is the first report of surgical outcome following treatment of Pai syndrome and includes early and 5-year follow-up. The system of repair that we describe is applicable to both symmetric and asymmetric midline clefts.

The aim of this case series was to describe the successful treatment of excessive gingival display (EGD) using a lip repositioning technique (LRT) and botulinum toxin injections (BTIs) for long-term stability. Eight patients diagnosed with EGD were enrolled. A partial-thickness horizontal incision was made from the right first molar to the left first molar along the mucogingival line, leaving the midline frenum intact. The next day, all patients received BTIs. Mean reductions in gingival display between baseline and 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months after surgery were considered. BTIs prevent movement of the upper lip during the healing phase of the LRT, improving the results and offering long-term outcomes with a follow-up period of 3 years.

BACKGROUND Augmentation of facial components is an acceptable approach in facial aesthetics. The best filler material and the optimal technique for facial soft tissue augmentation still remain to be determined. This study has assessed the lip augmentation using post-auricular fibroareolar tissue as a new autogenous filler. METHODS This prospective study enrolled patients who were candidate for lip augmentation. Loose fibroareolar tissue was harvested from post-auricular region and was inserted in the prepared lip pocket. Standard digital photography was used for lip analysis in each patient before and 6 months after surgery (the height and projection of the upper lip and lower lip). RESULTS At a mean follow-up period of 6 months, average upper and lower lip height increased from 5.27 to 8.72 mm (p

WOS:000560981900001 PubMed: 32813169 Purpose The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the soft tissue changes after maxillary advancement in class III patients. Methods Pre- and post-operative lateral cephalometric radiographs of 20 patients treated with maxillary advancement surgery were included in our study. Skeletal, dental and soft tissue measurements were performed by a single researcher using Dolphin Imaging software version 11.95 (Dolphin Imaging, Chatsworth, CA, USA). Pairedttest was used for statistical evaluation andp < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The amount of motion in soft tissues, respectively, are UL-E: 2.05 mm, ST.A: 0.65 mm, ST.B: - 5 mm, ST.Pog: - 5.73 mm, ST.Conv: - 3.95 mm, nasal prominence: - 1.58 mm, nasal height: 2.76 mm and upper lip length: 2.22 mm. The change of distance to horizontal and vertical reference planes are, respectively, Prn-HRL: 3.02 mm Prn-VRL: 1.76 mm Sn-HRL: 2.76 mm Sn-VRL: 2.94 mm ST.A-HRL: 3.74 mm ST.A-VRL: 3.81 mm UL-HL: 3.93 mm UL-VRL: 4.57 mm LL-HRL: 2.29 mm LL-VRL: 5.31 mm. Conclusions It can be concluded that soft tissues related to maxilla moved anteriorly due to maxillary advancement.