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A sample of amorphous AlBN was generated using first-principles molecular dynamics simulations. Pair correlation functions, phonon spectra, stress-shear strain relation and elastic moduli of the sample were studied.

Introduction. Before the middle of the 20th century, colorectal cancer (CRC) was a fairly rare disease. A significant increase in the prevalence of this pathology began after this period and was accompanied by a doubling of indicators in each subsequent decade. By 2030, the incidence rate of colorectal cancer is expected to increase by 60% or more than 2.2 million new cases and 1.1 million annual deaths. This situation is due to the development of countries with transitional economies, to which Ukraine also belongs. Purpose. To analyze the incidence rate of colorectal cancer among residents of the Sumy region during 2009–2018. Materials and methods. The primary statistical material was the data of the regional cancer registry and the journals of the results of biopsies of the pathological department of the Sumy regional clinical oncological dispensary. To identify trends in the development of colorectal cancer among residents of the Sumy region, the analysis of mean values ​​was used, to assess the spread we used the standard deviation. Results. The average incidence rate of CRC among residents of the Sumy region in the period from 2009 to 2018 was 23.02 per 100,000 people. At the same time, if we consider this value for individual pathologies, the indicator for patients with colon cancer was 22.76 cases, rectal cancer – 23.28 cases per 100 thousand people, which is 7.4% and 27%, respectively, more than the average morbidity in Ukraine. Colon cancer is more common among women, whose average age is 60.7 years, while rectal cancer is more common among men. Their average age is 66. In general, colon cancer occurs most often in people over 70 years of age (42.5% of all cases). It should be noted that over the past 10 years, 2 patients of the age group 20–29 had been identified, with rectal cancer and 5 patients with colon cancer. The analysis also revealed that the likelihood of colon cancer among the inhabitants of the region is 1.18 times higher than that of rectal cancer. In terms of prevalence, the districts of the Sumy region were divided as follows: Sumy, Belopolskyi and Konotopskyi districts had a high prevalence of colon cancer (20.01 ‰ and more). Sumy, Burinsky and Lebedinsky districts had high prevalence of rectal cancer (24.01 ‰ and more). The average prevalence of colon cancer is 20.10 ± 1.55 ‰, the coefficient of variation is 7.73%, the direct one is 22.24 ± 1.89 ‰, and the coefficient of variation is 8.48%. There is no clear trend in the dynamics of indicators (decrease or increase); the variation in indicators over 10 years is insignificant (less than 10%). Conclusions. The general patterns of the incidence rate of colon and rectal cancer among the population of the Sumy region were found and compared with similar Ukrainian and global trends and forecasts. It was found that the average incidence rate of colon and rectal cancer among residents of the Sumy region is higher than the average incidence in Ukraine. At the same time the tendency to prevalence of a rectum cancer over a colon cancer remains. The age structure for both localizations does not differ from the national and global trends, but a peculiarity in the gender distribution of patients was revealed. Total number of colon and rectal cancer is 1.37% higher among women, which requires further research. General pattern in the geographical distribution of both pathologies was not found during the analysis. In total, despite the global prognosis, data analysis over the past 10 years did not reveal a clear trend towards an increase in the number of patients with colorectal cancer among the residents of the region.

The article considers the functions performed by the system for monitoring the fine structure of the water environment hydrophysical fields, starting from initialization the system parameters to visualization the received information. As a result of a detailed analysis the selected functions, which consists in determining the input information flows, their representation and transformation, a functional diagram of the measuring system for monitoring the fine structure of the water environment hydrophysical fields was developed, which allows reducing the cost of conducting sounding and ensuring the necessary measurement accuracy, thanks to the chosen sensing strategy and the use of a database of simulated parameters of turbulated layers .

A combinatory topological analysis and simulation of the self-assembly of the crystal structure of Ca11Hg54–hP65 (a = b = 17.114 A, c = 10.442 A, hexagonal group P-6) are performed by computer methods (ToposPro software package). A total of 184 variants of the cluster representation of the 3D atomic lattice with a number of structural units of 3–7 are established. The polyhedral clusters K8 = 0@Ca2Hg6, which appeared to be hexagonal bipyramids, the polyhedral clusters K11 = 0@Ca3Hg8, and the polyhedral clusters with the central Hg atom K12 = Hg(Ca3Hg8) are determined. The centers of the Ca2Hg6, 0@Ca3Hg8 and Hg(Ca3Hg8) clusters occupied the highly symmetric positions 1c, 1b, and 1f with a –6 symmetry. The precursor clusters Ca2Hg6 represent templates on the surface of which atomic shells of 38 atoms are formed. The composition of the two-layered template cluster K46 is 0@8(Ca2Hg6)@38(Hg6 + CaHg6)2(Ca6Hg6). The symmetry and topological code for the self-assembly processes of the 3D structure from the nanoclusters-precursors K46 with participation of the polyhedral clusters 0@Ca3Hg8 and Hg(Ca3Hg8) are simulated.

A combinatory-topological analysis and simulation of the self-assembly of the crystal structure of (Sr2Au6)(Ga3)–hR66 (spatial group R-3c, a = b = 8.419, c = 21.911 A, V = 1345A3) is performed by the computer methods (ToposPro software package). A new geometric type of the polyhedral precursor cluster K8 = 0@8(Sr2Au6), where Au6 rings are the base and Sr atoms serve as peaks, is established. The symmetry of the K8 cluster corresponds to –3 and the center of the cluster occupies position 6b. Another cluster K3 = 0@Ga3 also exhibits a close symmetry of 32 and the center of the cluster occupies position 6a. A primary chain $$S_{3}^{1}$$ is formed upon the binding of [(Sr2Au6)(Ga3)]2 dimers. The distance between the centers of dimers appeared to determine the values of the modulus of the translation vector a = 8.419 A. The symmetry and topological code of the self-assembly of the 3D structures from precursor clusters K8 and K3 are simulated.

One of the main problems today is the storage of funds, provision of storage conditions, the absence of mold, microbiological dispersions in the air, processing of documents, detoxification of previously processed materials. In this work, samples of papers (condenser, writing, carton for lamination) and usage of biocidal materials (Polydez, Gembar and Metatin) were investigated. The technology of processing samples is not very simple. Biocidal effects were carried out on test cultures of microscopic fungi taken from damaged documents. In addition, samples of papers processed with composite mixtures containing basalt and cellulose fibers, montmorillonite clay and sodium resin salts (SSRA) or sodium humate (SH) were studied in parallel. Aging of samples was monitored by indicators such as the material's whiteness and breakthrough strength (n.d.f.) - the properties that are sensitive to the aging process. It has been proved that samples containing basalt and cellulose fibers, montmorillonite and sodium salts of resin acids (or sodium humate) are more likely to suppress the spread of fungi and microorganisms than official state biocidal materials. Therefore, in this work it is proposed the material and composition mixture, which guarantees certain physical and mechanical properties of the finished product and has a much simpler and cheaper technology to obtain the disinfecting material.

The article discusses the issues of teaching the basics of intelligent control systems of the Internet of Things in a school informatics course using modern information and communication technologies. Methodical recommendations for training on this theme in the elective course "The basics of intelligent control systems" using smart devices for smart home and the Internet of Things (Arduino, Raspberry Pi) are given.

Aim. To evaluate the hemostatic effect of fibrin monomer after its intravenous administration at different time periods in experimental trauma. Methods. In the experiments, in a placebo-controlled study, hemostatic and hemostasiological effects of systemic use of fibrin monomer were studied at different time periods after its administration (in 5 min, 1 h and 3 h) in 97 male rabbits of the Chinchilla breed in the controlled liver injury model. Results. A pronounced hemostatic effect was demonstrated for fibrin monomer used at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg demonstrated by a 6.3-fold decrease of blood loss volume (% of circulating blood volume) compared to placebo on the background of the intravenous preventive fibrin monomer administration 1 hour prior to controlled liver injury. Fibrin monomer administration at a stated dose was not accompanied by significant changes in haemocoagulative parameters including measurement of platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, thrombin time, echitox time, fibrinogen concentration, level of soluble fibrin monomer complexes, D-dimer content, and antithrombin III activity. The effect of fibrin monomer is probably realized through some effectors, the nature of which has not yet been studied. The obtained results allow choosing the optimal interval between intravenous administrations of fibrin monomer and controlled liver injury for further study of the mechanisms of its hemostatic action. Conclusion. Fibrin monomer in small doses (0.25 mg/kg) is able to exert a pronounced hemostatic effect with its systemic administration 1 hour prior to the injury without significant changes in haemocoagulative parameters.

The formation of fold–thrust dislocations of stratified rocks in the Earth’s crust has been considered as a consequence of the lateral compression of such rocks by converging platforms or lithospheric plates over the last 150 years within the framework of a geosyncline concept and then according to the concept of plate tectonics. Such convergences are reliably confirmed by current geodetic measurements. At the same time there are less popular ideas that present the formation of these dislocations as a result of various local, autonomous processes. The essence of the problem is that the domination of directionally ordered horizontal compression over the value of lithostatic pressure in the Earth’s crust, which is unambiguously determined according to the data of focal mechanisms of earthquakes and in the measurements on stresses in situ in mine workings, makes it necessary to prefer the global mechanism of compression in the form of convergence of horizontally moving lithospheric plates. This convergence is reliably established on a global scale and by modern high-precision geodetic GPS measurements. However, similar GPS measurements, but on regional or local networks rather than on global ones, have shown an opposite result in a few cases. They revealed an increase in the width of representative segments of the mountain belts, rather than a decrease. A detailed study of the geological structure of such areas has indicated that the main role in their formation is played by scaly thrusts, sometimes transforming into small covers, and linear folds and groups of such folds associated with these dislocations and subordinate to them. The formation of such a cover-thrust tectonic structure continues now. For several years, the authors have developed a hypothesis according to which fold–thrust dislocations in the Earth’s crust are formed as a result of an increase in the volume of stratified rocks and as a consequence of an increase in the area of these rocks. They cause volume expansion stresses, similar to the stresses of external compression; crumple; and are dissected by thrusts and reverse faults, tending to cover adjacent territories. It is assumed that the increase in the volume (volume expansion) and the areas of stratified rocks is a result of the entry of additional mineral material with ascending flows of deep mineralized fluids. The increase in the volume and the width of the mountain structure during the formation of its tectonic structure is indirectly confirmed by the near-vertical formations detected in the Earth’s crust in several regions by geophysical methods, which have different velocity characteristics compared to the enclosing environment. These formations can be interpreted as channels of permeability for the penetration of deep fluids—the cause of an increase in rock volume. This suggests that the process of autonomous folding and thrusting in the Earth’s crust really exists in the regional plan, first and foremost, within the mobile mountain belts, along with a global plate-tectonic mechanism.

The purpose of this article is to study the behavior of various types of anti-seismic joints fillers between frame elements and non-structural wall infill on the behavior of multi-storey buildings with a reinforced concrete flat-slab frame under seismic effects. Reinforced concrete buildings are predominant type of construction in developing countries like Ukraine. Seismic performance of these buildings, is not predictable through techniques based on secondary factors such as short column, irregularities in plan and elevation, soft and weak stories, strong beam–weak column can causes serious damages. And also all this factors can be caused by irregular non-structural wall infill. And if much attention is paid to the study of non-structural wall infill effect, then the issue of the expansion joint between the frame and the filling remains unexplored. Also this problem is caused by contradictions in DBN B.1.1-12-2014, which limits the gap between the frame and non-structural wall by 20 mm. But for a typical floor, we see that the frame works normally and at 50 mm (according to pushover analysis) displacements of the floor. Thus, the required 20 mm gap does not perform its function. To determine the degree of impact of the non-bearing walls on the reinforced concrete frame, an experimental program was developed that includes two steps. The first stage is to determine the degree of impact of filling the joints. The second stage is testing the wall fragments, taking into account the effect of filling the deformation joints. This study focuses on the first stage. In this paper the influence of the joint filling was analyzed using the three most widely used types in Ukraine: mineral wool, polystyrene foam and vilatherm. The objects of study are three aerated concrete prisms and one prism made of heavy concrete with filling material. Displacements from vertical loads on test samples are key parameters for determining the effect of joint filler on the behavior of buildings during earthquakes. The second parameter, which was also analyzed, the change of geometric form and complete destruction of the joint filler. This study was undertaken to develop the future Ukrainian Rapid visual screening assessment procedure that takes into account the influence of anti-seismic joints fillers.

We present a new type of waveguide bandpass quasi-elliptic filter whose resonators are implemented by thin transverse resonant diaphragms with an aperture in the form of a rectangular windo...

Using computer methods (the ToposPro software package), the combinatorial-topological analysis and modeling of the self-assembly of the K23Na8Cd12In48–hP91(a = b = 17.114 A, c = 10.442 A, group P6/mmm) crystal structure are carried out. The chemically different precursor clusters 0@8(Na2In6) and 0@K2In6 in the form of hexagonal bipyramids are established. The centers of Na2In6 clusters occupy positions 1a with a symmetry of 6/mmm. The centers of the K2In6–A and K2In6–B clusters occupy positions 2c with symmetry –6m2, and 3g positions with mmm symmetry. The Na2In6 clusters are the templates on the surface of which atomic shells of 36 atoms are formed. The composition of the two-layer cluster is K44 = 0@8(Na2In6)@36(In6Cd6K6)2. Layer formation occurs upon the K44 clusters binding to the K2Cd6–A clusters. The symmetry and topological code of the self-assembly of the 3D structures from the K44 suprapolyhedral precursors with the participation of the K2Cd6 polyhedral clusters, as well as Na and K spacer atoms, are reconstructed.

The fundamental principles for the synthesis of a new class of materials with a controlled (periodic) interconnected structure based on triply periodic minimal surfaces are formulated. The chemical synthesis based on the reaction-diffusion Turing reaction, which enables us to fabricate periodic microstructures, is analyzed.

Using computer methods (the ToposPro software package), the combinatorial-topological analysis and modeling of the self-assembly of the Na99Hg468–hP567 crystal structure are carried out with the following parameters of the hexagonal cell: a = b = 39.703 A, c = 9.681 A, V = 13216 A3, space group P-6, and 132 crystallographically independent atoms. Three supracluster precursors K175-A, K175-B, and K175-C composed of Na18Hg157 are identified in the form of three connected gear rings of Na-polyhedra with symmetry g = –6. The symmetry and topological code for the self-assembly of the 3D structures from the precursor nanoclusters is reconstructed. In the [001] direction, the K175 supracluster precursors are linked by Hg6 gear rings and Na spacers to form columns. In the columns, the distance between supraclusters K175 determines the value of the translational vector modulus c = 9.681 A. When a skeleton is formed in the local environment of a column of K175-C supraclusters (centered at a height of z = 0), six columns of alternating K175-A and K175-B supraclusters are located with an offset of 1/2 in the [001] direction. The distance between equivalent columns from K175 clusters corresponds to the value of the translation vector modules a and b.

—The properties of axial and helical metaparticles of pulse wave fields are presented. An example of emission of such metaparticles by an aperture source is considered. The field width and the energy density of a fundamental (zero) metaparticle in the far field of the radiating aperture are calculated.

Objective. To determine the possibility of prognostication of unfavorable course of postoperative period in the aspect of the planned pancreaticoduodenal resection for focal affection of pancreaticoduodenal zone on background of obturation jaundice. Materials and methods. The pancreatic head cancer was verified in 174 (64.0%) patients, cancer of the duodenal papilla magna - in 20 (7.4%), cancer of distal hepaticocholedochus - in 24 (8.8%), chronic pseudotumoral pancreatitis - in 54 (20.0%) patients. In the main group (112 patients) preparation to operative intervention was conducted in accordance to elaborated algorithm, and in a control group (160 patients) - in accordance to conventional standards. Results. Pancreaticoduodenal resection with formation of termino-lateral anastomosis in accordance to Whipple procedure was performed in 38 (14.0%) patients, termino-terminal anastomosis in accordance to procedure of Shalimov-Kopchak - in 40 (14.7%), ductomucous pancreaticojejunoanastomosis - in 127 (46.7%), pancreaticogastroanastomosis with invagination of the pancreatic stump into the gastric stump - in 35 (12.9%), pancreaticogastrostomy with deepening of the pancreatic stump into the sleeve, made of the big gastric curvature - in 32 (11.8%). Insufficiency of pancreaticodigestive anastomosis have occurred in 32 (11.8%) patients. Mortality have constituted 5.1%.

The purpose of this research is the development of a technology for the enrichment of slag from metallurgical processing of copper ore concentrate based on the results of spectral, chemical, sieve and petrographic analysis. The results of spectral analysis indicate the copper content in all three samples of mineral raw materials at more than 1 %. The results of chemical analysis indicated a high copper content in the samples from 13.4 to 17.1%, as well as a high iron content from 9 to 18%. Analysis of the results of the sieve analysis showed that the largest amount of copper is contained in the size classes 0.063–0.05 mm at from 18.6 to 24.1 % and 0.04 mm at from 15.6 to 38 %. In accordance with the petrographic studies, the size of copper grains varies from 0.1–0.3 to 1–5 mm. The most common sizes of copper grains in the studied samples are 0.2-0.3 and 1-2 mm. Based on the results of spectral, chemical, sieve and petrographic analysis, a technology for the enrichment of copper-containing slags has been developed. Gravity wet enrichment technology with a capacity of 5 t/h with Cu recovery in the range of 80–95 % suggests the grinding of raw materials with a constant water supply up to 40 m3/h from the sludge collector. The heavy fractions are fed to a magnetic separator and then to a classifier for the extraction of magnetic concentrate and slag, which after the separation of the fraction of 0.08-0.4 mm with the MVG screen can later be used as a raw material for the building industry. The light fractions after the concentration tables are fed to the classifier, on which the copper concentrate is released. The average density fractions are returned to the closed cycle for further grinding in a ball mill. However, such a wet enrichment scheme requires a continuous water supply and the sludge collector’s presence, which cannot always be ensured. Therefore, the technology of slag dry enrichment with a particle size of 0–100 mm has also been developed. The central apparatus in the proposed enrichment technologies is the MVG vibrating screen, which is designed to separate bulk materials by particle size from 20 microns to several millimeters. Polyfrequency oscillations in the frequency range from several Hz to kHz are implemented on the screen, eliminating blockage of the sieve cells, destruction of the formed aggregates of stuck particles, ensuring their intensive movement in the layer and efficient passage of particles reaching the sieve surface through the cells. This type of vibration makes it possible to achieve much greater efficiency of separation and dehydration of materials than in traditional screens and to ensure continuous self-cleaning of the mesh, which contributes to the process of separation and dehydration. Due to the lack of tension, high durability of the working surface is ensured. Due to the transfer of minimum loads on the base, the screen is installed without arranging special foundations, including on the floors of buildings and structures. A standard- sized row of screens was developed with a screening surface area from 1 to 4 m2 and a different number of tiers.

The taxonomic structure of the nematodes and the thickness in the forest litter of the Mezin National Nature Park were studied. Samples were collected during 2008-2010 and 2014 (June – July) in 21 forest ecosystems. Nematodes were extracted by a modified Baermann's method from the sample of 5 g. The exposition time was 48 h. Extracted nematodes were fixed in the triethanolamine–formalin (TAF, 2 % triethanolamine, 7 % formaldehyde solution, 91 % water), and mounted on the temporary hydroglyceric slides. To describe the taxonomic structure of nematode communities we calculated the proportion of each order (family) in the community as the ratio (in %) of the individuals of each order (family) to the total number of nematodes. 46 nematode species belonging to 36 genera, 21 families and 10 orders were identified. The average number of nematodes was 4256 per 100 g of substrate. The number of nematodes varied from 220 to 11920 specimens per 100 g in separate samples. Most of the identified species (78.26 %) belong to the four orders: Tylenchida (10 species), Plectida (9 species), Rhabditida (9 species), Dorylaimida (8 species) or 21.74 %, 19.57 %, 19.57 % and 17.39 % of the species composition, respectively. The orders of Enoplida, Triplonchida, Araeolaimida, Mononchida, Monhysterida and Teratocephalida are represented by 1 to 2 species (4.35 – 2.17 % of the total number of identified species). In terms of quantitative representation, species of Plectida are dominant (proportion in the community 43.15 %). This proportion was 2.5 times higher than the number of representatives of Tylenchida (17.07 %), Dorylaimida (17.01 %) and Rhabditida (16.44 %). Comparatively, the largest number of species found belong to the families Plectidae (9 species), Cephalobidae (6 species), and Tylenchidae (5 species). Only six nematode families were represented in the forest litter samples, namely: Plectidae (with proportion in the community 43.15 %), Dorylaimidae (with proportion in the community 13.74 %), Aphelenchoididae (with 8.99 %), Panagrolaimidae (with 8.17 %), Tylenchidae (with 5.90 %), Mesorhabditidae (with 5.48 %).

The combinatoric and topological analysis and modeling of the self-assembly of the Na26Cd141–hP168 crystal structure (space group Pbcm; a = 5.483 A, b = 24.519 A, and c = 14.573 A; and V = 1895 A3) are performed using computational methods (the ToposPro software package). Ninety-eight versions of the cluster representation of the 3D atomic network with the number of structural units ranging from four to seven are found. It is determined that polyhedral clusters–precursors C8 = 0@Na2Cd6 and C9 = 0@Na3Cd6 are templates, on the surface of which atomic shells consisting of 38 and 41 atoms are formed. The composition of the two-layer clusters is C46 = 0@(Na2Cd6)@(Na12Cd26) and C50 = 0@(Na3Cd6)@(Na6Cd35). The centers of clusters C46 and C50 are occupied by positions 1a with the symmetry 6/mmm and 2c with the symmetry −6m2. The symmetry and topology codes of the processes of self-assembly of 3D structures from nanoclusters–precursors C46 and C50 are reconstructed.

The difference of foreign alloys prevents wide distribution of additive technologies on chemical composition used in a home production. The work is devoted to research on corrosion resistance of the alloy of VТ1−0 obtained by additive technologies from home powder of titanium. It is shown that the use of non-spherical powders of titanium for additive technologies results in formation of low level of corrosive properties, that requires the realization of additional research in this area. An assessment of the corrosion resistance of the studied samples showed that the corrosion rate of the deposited powder alloy VT1−0 exceeds the corrosion rate of the alloy VT20 obtained by the traditional manufacturing technology (pressure treatment method) by 2.7 times. At the same time, the corrosion rate of the transition zone is somewhat lower than that of the powder deposited titanium VT1−0, but higher than that of the deformed VT20 alloy and is 0.394 g / (m2 × year). The probable reason for the occurrence of significant difference in the rates of corrosion destruction of VT1-0 and VT20 alloys may be the presence of a significant amount of internal defects in the deposited powder material VT1−0. In this regard, it should be assumed that in order to increase the corrosion resistance of additive electron-beam surfacing performed by using VT1−0 grade titanium powder, the primary task is to minimize the probability of formation of internal defects in the deposited layers. As a rule, improvement of the quality of electron-beam surfacing is achieved by selecting and optimizing technological modes (beam current, travel rate of beam gun, thickness of the applied powder layer, etc.).

The synthesis of Boc-Gly-Pro-Dox, Boc-Gly-Pro-DOPA, Boc-Gly-Pro-Srt and their deuterated analogs was carried out. It was shown that these condensations proceed with side reactions, which could be minimized by optimizing the conditions for the synthesis. The most universal approach to the synthesis of Boc-Gly-Pro-Dox, Boc-Gly-Pro-DOPA, Boc-Gly-Pro-Srt and their deuterated analogs is condensation of Boc-Gly-Pro or Boc-Gly-[2H]Pro with amino groups of dopamine, serotonin and doxorubicin. It was found that for the introduction of hydrogen isotopes in ΔPro, it is advisable to hydrogenate its aqueous solution, followed by condensation of the reduced proline with Boc-GlyOSu. Mass spectrometry was used to determine the content of isotopomers in deuterated products.

The style of the seismotectonic deformation of the Earth’s crust in the Caucasus and its immediate surroundings corresponds to the thrust setting with a subhorizontal principal compression axis oriented north-northeast across the strike of the Caucasian structures and a subvertical principal extension axis, as established by the reconstruction of a representative set of focal mechanisms of earthquakes. Overall, this deformation style quite closely agrees with the notions developed in plate tectonics according to which the Caucasian segment of the Alpine–Indonesian mobile belt is experiencing strong transversal (across the strike) narrowing as a result of the convergence of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. At the same time, the detailed geodetic measurements conducted in the territory of the Greater Caucasus established the GPS site displacements, testifying to the increase of its width. This widening cannot be attributed to the extension across the strike of this mountainous edifice because the focal mechanism solutions of earthquakes in this territory clearly indicate a setting of compressive stresses across the strike of the geological structures. We suggested interpreting this combination of the geodetic and seismological data by the active growth of the volume (and area) of layered rocks of the Greater Caucasus and the emergence of the setting of outward pressure probably as a result of the inflow of the additional mineral material carried by the ascending deep fluids.

The combinatorial-topological analysis and simulation of the self-assembly of the Na32Au44In24–oP100 (space group P bcm, a = 5.483 A, b = 24.519 A, c = 14.573 A, V = 1895 A3) crystal structure are conducted by the computer-based methods (TOPOS program package). A new type of the 12-atom K12 cluster formed from doubled pentagonal pyramids—AuAu5 and InNa5—is established. The maximal symmetry of the K12 cluster and the primary chain of translationally bound K12 clusters correspond to the noncrystallographic 5m symmetry. The symmetry and topological codes of the Na32Au44In24–oP100 3D structure’s self-assembly processes from the K12 nanocluster precursors are reconstructed in the following form: primary chain → microlayer → micro-framework. The primary chains of bound K12 clusters with the m symmetry are located in the direction [100], and the distance between cluster centers determines the vector’s value: a = 5.483 A. There are four nonparallel primary chains in the primary chain’s local environment. The chains from InAu atoms and NaAu2In2 clusters are located in the 2D layer between the primary chains. The distance between the equivalent chains in the direction [001] determined the vector’s value: c = 14.573 A. In the 3D framework in the direction [010], the distance between the equivalent 2D layers determined the vector’s value: b = 24.519 A.

The species composition and biomass of the phytoplankton (Ph) as well as hydrological characteristics were estimated in 4 spatial surveys in the subarctic tidal estuary of the Kem’ River and adjacent area of Onega Bay (White Sea, Russia) in June–July 2008–2011. The study area was divided into 3 zones (the river zone, the gradient zone and the marine zone), based on the salinity variation of the surface layer. In total, 318 species of Ph were registered, 143 species are found in the river zone, 225 — in the gradient zone, 106 — in the marine zone. The greatest number of species in all zones was represented by diatoms. The highest biodiversity of Ph in the surface layer was detected in the gradient zone. The averages of total biomass of the Ph in the surface layer (Bo) at different years varied in range 2.8–16.9 mg C/m3. Although Bo did not differ significantly between zones, with the exception of 2011, when Bo was the highest in the river zone, dissimilarity in the structure of the Ph in the river, gradient and marine zones were 61–95%. The similarity of the Ph at the stations of each zone was poor (22–53%) with the lowest values in the gradient zone. It is postulated that the tidal cycles determine the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the composition, structure and abundance of Ph in the Kem’ river estuary in summer.

Ways to protect vehicles and transport infrastructure from the effects of negative climate impacts, corrosion, icing, radiation, marine fouling, and biodestruction are considered based on scientific developments of Russian Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Silicate Chemistry. New methods and approaches to develop environmentally friendly protective coatings are considered.

The isotopic characteristics ((Nd, 207Pb/206Pb, and 87Sr/86Sr) of the modern bottom sediments sampled in the Barents Sea during the 67th voyage of the R/V “Akademik Mstislav Keldysh” are considered. It is shown that the major contribution to the formation of the sediments in the central Barents Sea is made by rocks of the North European continental margin, which are found in the zone of influence of the North Cape Current. The values of (Nd, and 87Sr/86Sr are lower in the bottom sediments of this part of the sea than the corresponding characteristics of sedimentary material incorporated into ices and carried by the Transpolar Drift Stream. This allows one to conclude that such material has not contributed much to the sedimentation in the Barents Sea.

We deduce a frequency equation for the natural coupled axially symmetric vibrations of elastic bases (in the form of annular plates) and a heavy two-layer incompressible perfect liquid in a rigid annular cylindrical vessel. We consider different limiting cases: the case of degeneration of annular plates into membranes, the case of absolutely rigid or circular plates, and the case of absence of the upper plate (liquid with free surface). For a broad range of parameters of the analyzed mechanical system, we investigate the frequency spectra and obtain a series of mechanical effects in the problem of hydroelasticity.

The Co, Hf, Ce, Cr, Th, and REE systematics are analyzed for modern sediments collected by a bottom grab during the 67th and 68th cruises of R/V “Akademik Mstislav Keldysh” and samples taken in the Barents Sea bays and inlets. Our results indicate that most modern bottom sediments are composed of fine silicoclastic material enhanced with a suspended matter of the North Cape current, which erodes the western coast of Scandinavia, and due to bottom erosion of some marine areas, as well as erosion of rock complexes of the Kola Peninsula, Novaya Zemlya, and Franz Josef Land (local provenances). Material from Spitsbergen also probably played a certain role. In the southern part of the Barents Sea, clastic material is supplied by the Pechora River.

Intranasal administration (INA) of medicines has the advantages of being noninvasive, painless, simple, and convenient. The basic approaches to solving problems with effective delivery of peptides to the brain through nasal membranes are discussed with respect to nasal cavity anatomy and physiology. INA can bypass the blood—brain barrier although proteolysis of the peptides by olfactory epithelium components, i.e., the enzyme barrier, is an obstacle. Pro-Gly-Pro, Pro-Gly-Pro-Leu, Semax, and Selank were used as reference peptides for in vivo experiments. The maximum contents in rat blood plasma of Pro-Gly-Pro-Leu, Semax, Pro-Gly-Pro, and Selank were 0.54, 1.69, 1.30, and 1.04%, respectively, of the administered amount of labeled peptide. The corresponding values in rat brain for Pro-Gly-Pro-Leu, Semax, Pro-Gly-Pro, and Selank reached 0.0013, 0.13, 0.04, and 0.16%. The methionine in Semax was replaced by alanine, glycine, threonine, and tryptophan to minimize its proteolysis during transversal of the enzyme barrier. Liposomes and acetylation of the N-terminal amino acids were also used to improve the stability of Semax. Use of N-acetyl-Semax was shown to be most promising. In vitro experiments used leucine aminopeptidase (incubation medium contained 12.6% Semax after 60 min), dipeptidyl peptidase (95.4%), carboxypeptidases B (96.8%) and Y(51.0%), nasal mucus enzymes (4.0%), and microsomal fractions of rat brain (9.0%) and blood plasma (0.7%). Proteolysis of Semax formed mainly His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro, Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro, and Pro-Gly-Pro.

Using examples developed in Grebenshchikov Institute of Silicate Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, the methods of protection of various objects, first and foremost, transportation means and transport infrastructure, from adverse climatic conditions, corrosion, icing, radiation, marine fouling, and destruction under the influence of biodestructors are analyzed. The physicochemical fundamentals of the technology of preparation of organosilicate coatings for their high performance are considered. New methods and approaches used in the formulation of environmentally friendly protective coatings are characterized, in particular, the future of superhydrofobic coatings is discussed.

The combinatorial-topological analysis and simulation of the self-assembly of the Rb24Na200Ga696-oF920 (space group Fmmm, V = 17 837 A3) crystal structure are conducted by the computer-based methods (TOPOS program package). The number of options for the cluster representation of the 3D atomic framework with the number of structural units ranging from 4 to 12 came to 9565 variants. Two framework-forming icosahedral clusters—ico-K108 and ico-K44—are determined. The ico-K108 three-layer 108-atom nanocluster has the 0@12(Ga12)@24(Na12Ga12)@72(Rb4Na8Ga60) chemical composition of shells, a diameter of 17 A, and symmetry g = mmm. The ico-K44 two-layer 44-atom nanocluster has the 0@12(Ga12)@32(Na20Ga12) chemical composition of shells, a diameter of 11 A, and symmetry g = 2/m. The symmetry and topological codes of the Rb24Na200Ga696–oF920 3D structure’s self-assembly processes from the iсo-K108 and ico-K44 nanocluster precursors are reconstructed in the form primary chain → microlayer → microframework. The Rb spacer atoms and related groups of Ga atoms in the form of chains are located in the large voids of the 3D framework.

The main deuterium and tritium sources used for preparing hydrogen isotope labeled compounds are presented. The mechanisms of hydrogenation and isotope exchange in organic compounds in the presence of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts when using gaseous tritium (or deuterium) or tritium (or deuterium) water are considered. Examples of the participation of solvent protons in introduction of deuterium and tritium into organic compounds by dehalogenation are presented. The problem of selective hydrogenation and dehalogenation is briefly discussed. Particular attention is paid to isotope exchange with deuterium or tritium in the presence of homogeneous iridium catalysts.

Background. Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme remains little effective due to the rapidly developing recurrence of the tumor, due to its high tumorigenic potential, resistance to chemoradiation therapy and increased dissemination of glioma stem cells (GSC). Molecular mechanisms of these cell interaction with extracellular matrix (ECM) are practically not studied. At present, it is also not clear the signaling of the ECM-receptor interaction (ECM-RI) differs for GSC and differentiated glioma cells (GDC). Objective : using high-resolution proteomic mass spectrometry to study the determinant expression of the ECM-receptor interaction signaling cascade in CD133 + GSC and CD133 – GDC. Results. 1990 proteins are identified, 18 of which are associated with the ECM-RI process. Positive regulation of 14 ECM-RI proteins was found in CD133 + GSC compared with CD133 – GDC, ten had more than 2 times increased expression. Increase in the CD133 + GSC level of 4 proteins activating the ECM-RI signaling cascade was noted. Conclusion. Important regularities are determined that could be used for the development of new approaches for detection of potential therapy targets of glioblastoma multiforme.

For the first time, vertical and lateral distribution patterns of mercury in White Sea bottom sediments have been determined. An abrupt change in the nature of mercury concentrations has been revealed, with a general tendency to decrease with depth. Natural variations in mercury concentrations within 0.01 - 0.03 μg/g dry weight (dw) have been established. An upper value of 0.03 μg/g dw is taken for the natural background content of the element. The distribution of mercury concentrations in the sequence of bottom sediments is influenced by both anthropogenic and natural factors and processes. With distance from the marine -estuary boundary of the Northern Dvina River, the river’s role in supplying mercury to the White Sea is reduced, and global and regional atmospheric mass transfer take over. The mercury content is used as an indicator of landslide processes in Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea. The accumulation chronology of mercury in White Sea sediments is studied, and the proportion of anthropogenic mercury is calculated.

The synthesis of Boc-Pro-Dox, Boc-Pro-DOPA, Boc-Pro-Srt, Pro-Dox, Pro-DOPA, and Pro-Srt, as well as Boc-[2H]Pro-Dox, Boc-[2H]Pro-DOPA, Boc-[2H]Pro-Srt and [2H]Pro-Dox, [2H]Pro-DOPA, and [2H]Pro-Srt were performed for the first time. It was established that Boc-[2H]Pro is the most promising for obtaining deuterated compounds. It was shown that hydrogenation of Boc-APro in ethyl acetate on a palladium catalyst allows 1.6-1.65 times more deuterium to be introduced than for hydrogenation of an unsaturated proline bound to serotonin and three times more than hydrogenating an unsaturated proline bound to dopamine. Due to the instability of doxorubicin under the conditions of the reduction of unsaturated proline, its condensation with Boc- [2H]Pro is the only possibility for obtaining Boc-[2H]Pro-Dox. Mass spectrometric methods determined the content of isotopomers in deuterated products.

In this study we determine the depth of the absorption band around 3 µm wavelength, which indicates the presence of OH/H2O in a thin surficial layer of the lunar regolith, for 18 lunar highland regions observed by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument at 4–8 different local times of day. For removing the thermal emission component, a physically motivated thermal equilibrium based method is used, which also takes into account the roughness of the regolith surface. We propose a continuity equation based model of the time-of-day-dependent column densities of surficial atomic hydrogen (H) and hydroxyl (OH). The considered source processes for H are implantation of solar wind protons and photolysis of OH, and for OH the reaction H + O → OH . Sink processes are diffusive loss for H and OH, and photolysis for OH. Sputtering of H and OH is found to be negligible in comparison to the other sink processes. Additionally, we suggest a similar differential equation based model to describe the time-of-day-dependent behavior of micrometeoroid-delivered OH and H 2 O . The observed 3 µm band depth values indicate that the surficial OH/H2O does not vanish even at local midday at low latitudes, while the model predicts nearly complete removal of surficial OH/H2O at midday. This apparent contradiction between model and observations is reconciled by adding to the model a region-specific “offset” OH component which is assumed to be stable against diffusive loss and photolysis and is therefore interpreted as a strongly bounded OH component. Meteoroid bombardment is found to be negligible in comparison with the solar wind source of OH. Fitting the model to the observed 3 µm band depth values allows for estimating the H activation energy, the OH photolysis time, region-specific values of the offset OH component, and the proportionality factor between OH column density and 3 µm band depth. The observed time-of-day-dependent behavior of the 3 µm band depth at low and high latitudes can be explained convincingly by the modeled source and sink processes. The best-fit OH photolysis time is much shorter than the lunar day and corresponds to 1–3 times the gas-phase value, which indicates that photolysis is a mechanism of high relevance for the behavior of solar wind induced surficial OH. The surface roughness assumed in the M3 data analysis does not have a major influence on the modeling results. The strongly bounded OH component is nearly latitude-independent for low latitudes but decreases sharply for high latitudes. As a possible mode of origin, we suggest slow diffusion of solar wind induced OH to depths inaccessible for ultraviolet photons and into binding states of higher energy, counteracted by sputtering.

In 2008, V.Ya. Shevchenko and S.V. Krivovichev built the zeolites series related to paulingite based on the inorganic gene concept and predicted a new zeolite named ISC-1 (Institute of Silicate Chemistry-1) [1]. The structure and composition of ISC-1 are described in detail in [2]. The found chemical formula of the new zeolite ISC-1 is Na14K24Al38Si202O48 · nH2O. Further research on the principles of assembly of zeolites and prediction of another previously unknown zeolite, ISC-2 (Institute of Silicate Chemistry-2), and the conditions of its formation are presented in [3–5]. The combinatorial-topological analysis of the crystal structure of the new aluminosilicate zeolite ISC-1 with cubic cell parameters а = 25.039 A, V = 15 699 A3, and spatial group Im $$\bar {3}$$ m is performed by computer-based methods (ToposPro software package) [6]. The topological type of the framework composed of bonded Т–(Si,Al)O4 tetrahedra is characterized by a combination of polyhedral tilings: t-grc (48 T-atoms), t-pau (32 T-atoms), t-plg (30 T-atoms),t-opr (16 T- atoms), and t-oto (16 T- atoms). A framework-forming precursor for zeolites of 30 T-tetrahedra, which corresponds to the t-plg tile and contains an organic template Me2-DABCO (N,N′-dimethyl-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane), is established by the complete decomposition of the 3D atomic lattice into cluster structures. t-plg nanoclusters with the symmetry g = $$\bar {3}$$ m are characterized by 4-, 6-, and 8-rings and the n-hedral symbol [46. 62. 86]. Na-spacers statistically occupy neighboring positions in the 8-ring and between the 4‑rings of the neighboring t-plg clusters. The basic 3D lattice type indicative of t-plg clusters center-of-gravity positions correspond to a simple cubic lattice with CN = 6. The self-assembly code of the 3D structure from complementary bonded nanoclusters-precursors is simulated in its entirety: primary chain → microlayer → framework. The doubled distance between t-plg clusters centers corresponds to the cubic cell translation vector a = 25.039 A.

Composites based on polypropylene and binary fillers (graphene particles together with carbon nanotubes) are synthesized by in situ polymerization with the use of a homogeneous isospecific metallocene catalyst rac-Me2Si(2-Me-4-PhInd)2ZrCl2 activated by methylaluminoxane. The application of binary carbon nanofillers allows one to enhance thermal stability and thermo-oxidative resistance of materials and to decrease the percolation threshold. It is shown that a close level of conductivity is achieved in the case of a binary filler at a significantly lower concentration. The resulting polymer composites can be applied as antistatic materials, shields and filters of electromagnetic radiation of the corresponding range, and semiconducting layers in power cables.

The article presents the results of astrophysical studies of the Moon’s reflected and intrinsic radiation. We studied the intensity of the Moon’s infrared radiation and, thus, carried out a detailed research of the brightness temperature of the Moon’s visible disc, estimated the thermal inertia of the coating substance by the rate of its surface cooling, and the degree of the lunar soil fragmentation. Polarimetric, colorimetric and spectrophotometric measurements of the reflected radiation intensity were carried out at different wavelengths. In the article, we present maps prepared based on our measurement results. We conducted theresearch of the unique South Pole – Aitken basin (SPA). The altitude profiles of the Apollo-11 and Zond-8 spacecrafts and the data of laser altimeters of the Apollo-16 and Apollo-15 spacecrafts were used as the main material. Basing upon this data we prepared a hypsometric map of SPA-basing global relief structure. A surface topography map of the Moon’s Southern Hemisphere is given in the article. The topography model of the SPA topography surface shows displacement centers of the altitude topographic rims from the central rim. Basing upon the detailed study of the basin’s topography as well as its “depth-diameter” ratio we suggest that the basin originated from the impact of a giant cometary body from the Orta Cloud. In our works, we consider the Moon as a part of the Earth’s space infrastructure. High growth rates of the Earth’s population, irrational nature management will cause deterioration of scarce natural resources in the near future. In our article, we present maps of the natural resources on the Moon pointing out the most promising regions of thorium, iron, and titanium. Probably in 20 or 40 years a critical mining level of gold, diamonds, zinc, platinum and other vital rocks and metals will be missing on the Earth.

A mutli-frequency electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive system is currently under construction at the ST40 spherical tokamak. The system employs two gyrotrons with a maximum output power of 1 MW each. Both gyrotrons can be tuned to operate at either 105 GHz or 140 GHz. The system is designed to study a non-inductive plasma start-up, current ramp-up and sustainment. Detailed modelling of the system capabilities has been conducted for various RF launch configurations in ST40.

Water resources under conditions of intense anthropogenic pressure and climatic changes are becoming one of the critical factors in the mankind development and the world economy. Improving the water resources use efficiency in agriculture in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries is closely related to land reclamation. The conditions for the agricultural production water resource supply improving and the water use efficiency increasing during irrigation were considered, the measures required for this were determined, as well as the directions of the CIS countries joint research in the field of water resources use and protection, land desertification prevention.