63,051 results on '"Vince, A."'
Search Results
152. A Multi-dimensional Joint ICA Model with Gaussian Copula
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Agcaoglu, Oktay, Silva, Rogers F., Alacam, Deniz, Calhoun, Vince, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Foresti, Gian Luca, editor, Fusiello, Andrea, editor, and Hancock, Edwin, editor
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- 2024
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153. Model-Based Testing of Asynchronously Communicating Distributed Controllers
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Graics, Bence, Mondok, Milán, Molnár, Vince, Majzik, István, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Cámara, Javier, editor, and Jongmans, Sung-Shik, editor
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- 2024
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154. Effects of resistance training on quality of life, fatigue, physical function, and muscular strength during chemotherapy treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Metcalfe, James W., Orange, Samuel T., Madden, Leigh A., Marshall, Phil, and Vince, Rebecca V.
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- 2024
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155. Differences in embryo survivorship among populations of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) under variable winter thermal regimes
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Stewart, Erin M. C., Lechner, Emily R., Frasca, Vince R., Wilson, Chris C., and Raby, Graham D.
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- 2024
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156. Consolidation and Concentration in U.S. Meat Processing: Updated Measures Using Plant-Level Data
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Saitone, Tina L., Schaefer, K. Aleks, Scheitrum, Daniel, Arita, Shawn, Breneman, Vince, Nemec Boehm, Rebecca, and Maples, Josh G.
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- 2024
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157. The Semmelweis Study: a longitudinal occupational cohort study within the framework of the Semmelweis Caring University Model Program for supporting healthy aging
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Ungvari, Zoltan, Tabák, Adam G., Adany, Roza, Purebl, György, Kaposvári, Csilla, Fazekas-Pongor, Vince, Csípő, Tamás, Szarvas, Zsófia, Horváth, Krisztián, Mukli, Peter, Balog, Piroska, Bodizs, Robert, Ujma, Peter, Stauder, Adrienne, Belsky, Daniel W., Kovács, Illés, Yabluchanskiy, Andriy, Maier, Andrea B., Moizs, Mariann, Östlin, Piroska, Yon, Yongjie, Varga, Péter, Vokó, Zoltán, Papp, Magor, Takács, István, Vásárhelyi, Barna, Torzsa, Péter, Ferdinandy, Péter, Csiszar, Anna, Benyó, Zoltán, Szabó, Attila J., Dörnyei, Gabriella, Kivimäki, Mika, Kellermayer, Miklos, and Merkely, Bela
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- 2024
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158. Exploring the Physiological and Psychological Effects of Group Chanting in Australia: Reduced Stress, Cortisol and Enhanced Social Connection
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Perry, Gemma, Polito, Vince, and Thompson, William Forde
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- 2023
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159. Industrial-scale deposition of nanocrystalline silicon oxide for 26.4%-efficient silicon heterojunction solar cells with copper electrodes
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Yu, Cao, Gao, Kun, Peng, Chen-Wei, He, Chenran, Wang, Shibo, Shi, Wei, Allen, Vince, Zhang, Jiteng, Wang, Dengzhi, Tian, Gangyu, Zhang, Yifan, Jia, Wenzhu, Song, Yuanhong, Hu, Youzhong, Colwell, Jack, Xing, Chunfang, Ma, Qing, Wu, Huiting, Guo, Liangyuan, Dong, Gangqiang, Jiang, Hao, Wu, Haihong, Wang, Xinyu, Xu, Dacheng, Li, Kun, Peng, Jun, Liu, Wenzhu, Chen, Daniel, Lennon, Alison, Cao, Xinmin, De Wolf, Stefaan, Zhou, Jian, Yang, Xinbo, and Zhang, Xiaohong
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- 2023
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160. Functional connectivity uniqueness and variability? Linkages with cognitive and psychiatric problems in children
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Fu, Zening, Liu, Jingyu, Salman, Mustafa S., Sui, Jing, and Calhoun, Vince D.
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- 2023
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161. Revisiting Functional Dysconnectivity: a Review of Three Model Frameworks in Schizophrenia
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Harikumar, Amritha, Solovyeva, Kseniya P., Misiura, Maria, Iraji, Armin, Plis, Sergey M., Pearlson, Godfrey D., Turner, Jessica A., and Calhoun, Vince D.
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- 2023
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162. Exposome and unhealthy aging: environmental drivers from air pollution to occupational exposures
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Pandics, Tamas, Major, David, Fazekas-Pongor, Vince, Szarvas, Zsofia, Peterfi, Anna, Mukli, Peter, Gulej, Rafal, Ungvari, Anna, Fekete, Monika, Tompa, Anna, Tarantini, Stefano, Yabluchanskiy, Andriy, Conley, Shannon, Csiszar, Anna, Tabak, Adam G., Benyo, Zoltan, Adany, Roza, and Ungvari, Zoltan
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- 2023
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163. The multifaceted benefits of walking for healthy aging: from Blue Zones to molecular mechanisms
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Ungvari, Zoltan, Fazekas-Pongor, Vince, Csiszar, Anna, and Kunutsor, Setor K.
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- 2023
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164. Structure/function interrelationships and illness insight in patients with schizophrenia: a multimodal MRI data fusion study
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Otte, Marie-Luise, Schmitgen, Mike M., Wolf, Nadine D., Kubera, Katharina M., Calhoun, Vince D., Fritze, Stefan, Geiger, Lena S., Tost, Heike, Seidl, Ulrich W., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Hirjak, Dusan, and Wolf, Robert Christian
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- 2023
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165. The optical behaviour of BL Lacertae at its maximum brightness levels: a blend of geometry and energetics
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Raiteri, C. M., Villata, M., Jorstad, S. G., Marscher, A. P., Pulido, J. A. Acosta, Carosati, D., Chen, W. P., Joner, M. D., Kurtanidze, S. O., Lorey, C., Marchini, A., Matsumoto, K., Mirzaqulov, D. O., Savchenko, S. S., Strigachev, A., and Vince, O.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
In 2021 BL Lacertae underwent an extraordinary activity phase, which was intensively followed by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) Collaboration. We present the WEBT optical data in the BVRI bands acquired at 36 observatories around the world. In mid 2021 the source showed its historical maximum, with R = 11.14. The light curves display many episodes of intraday variability, whose amplitude increases with source brightness, in agreement with a geometrical interpretation of the long-term flux behaviour. This is also supported by the long-term spectral variability, with an almost achromatic trend with brightness. In contrast, short-term variations are found to be strongly chromatic and are ascribed to energetic processes in the jet. We also analyse the optical polarimetric behaviour, finding evidence of a strong correlation between the intrinsic fast variations in flux density and those in polarisation degree, with a time delay of about 13 h. This suggests a common physical origin. The overall behaviour of the source can be interpreted as the result of two mechanisms: variability on time scales greater than several days is likely produced by orientation effects, while either shock waves propagating in the jet, or magnetic reconnection, possibly induced by kink instabilities in the jet, can explain variability on shorter time scales. The latter scenario could also account for the appearance of quasi-periodic oscillations, with periods from a few days to a few hours, during outbursts, when the jet is more closely aligned with our line of sight and the time scales are shortened by relativistic effects., Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS
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- 2023
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166. Hilbert expansion based fluid models for kinetic equations describing neutral particles in the plasma edge of a fusion device
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Maes, Vince, Dekeyser, Wouter, Koellermeier, Julian, Baelmans, Martine, and Samaey, Giovanni
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science - Abstract
Neutral particles in the plasma edge of fusion devices based on magnetic confinement are described by a transient kinetic equation incorporating ionization, recombination, and charge-exchange collisions. In charge-exchange dominated regimes, the neutral particle velocity distribution approaches the drifting Maxwellian defined by the mean velocity and temperature of the plasma. This enables model order reduction from the kinetic equation to approximate fluid models. We derive transient fluid models consistent with the kinetic equation by exploring a splitting based approach. We split the kinetic equation in sources and sinks on the one hand, and transport combined with charge-exchange on the other hand. Combining transport with charge-exchange collisions allows for deriving Hilbert expansion based fluid models. The retrieved fluid models depend on the assumed importance (scaling) of the different terms in the split equation describing transport and charge-exchange. We explore two scalings: the hydrodynamic scaling and the diffusive scaling. The performance of the fluid models with respect to a discrete velocity model and a Monte Carlo reference solver is assessed in numerical experiments. The code used to perform the numerical experiments is openly available., Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Physics of Plasmas (Vol.30, Issue 6) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0146158
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- 2023
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167. Temporal Logic Motion Planning with Convex Optimization via Graphs of Convex Sets
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Kurtz, Vince and Lin, Hai
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Computer Science - Robotics ,Computer Science - Formal Languages and Automata Theory ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
Temporal logic is a concise way of specifying complex tasks. But motion planning to achieve temporal logic specifications is difficult, and existing methods struggle to scale to complex specifications and high-dimensional system dynamics. In this paper, we cast Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) motion planning as a shortest path problem in a Graph of Convex Sets (GCS) and solve it with convex optimization. This approach brings together the best of modern optimization-based temporal logic planners and older automata-theoretic methods, addressing the limitations of each: we avoid clipping and passthrough by representing paths with continuous Bezier curves; computational complexity is polynomial (not exponential) in the number of sample points; global optimality can be certified (though it is not guaranteed); soundness and probabilistic completeness are guaranteed under mild assumptions; and most importantly, the method scales to complex specifications and high-dimensional systems, including a 30-DoF humanoid. Open-source code is available at https://github.com/vincekurtz/ltl_gcs.
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- 2023
168. Multi-band Optical Variability of the TeV Blazar PG 1553+113 in 2019
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Dhiman, Vinit, Gupta, Alok C., Kurtanidze, Sofia O., Eglitis, I., Strigachev, A., Damljanovic, G., Wiita, Paul J., Gu, Minfeng, Gaur, Haritma, Vince, Oliver, Bachev, R., Bisen, D. P., Ibryamov, S., Ivanidze, R. Z., Jovanovic, Miljana D., Kurtanidze, Omar M., Nikolashvili, M. G., Semkov, E., Spassov, B., Stojanovic, M., Villarroel, Beatriz, Xu, Haiguang, and Zhang, Zhongli
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We report the flux and spectral variability of PG 1553+113 on intra-night (IDV) to short-term timescales using BVRI data collected over 91 nights from 28 February to 8 November 2019 employing ten optical telescopes: three in Bulgaria, two each in India and Serbia, and one each in Greece, Georgia, and Latvia. We monitored the blazar quasi-simultaneously for 16 nights in the V and R bands and 8 nights in the V, R, I bands and examined the light curves (LCs) for intra-day flux and colour variations using two powerful tests: the power-enhanced F-test and the nested ANOVA test. The source was found to be significantly (> 99%) variable in 4 nights out of 27 in R-band, 1 out of 16 in V-band, and 1 out of 6 nights in I-band. No temporal variations in the colours were observed on IDV timescale. During the course of these observations the total variation in R-band was 0.89 mag observed. We also investigated the spectral energy distribution (SED) using B, V, R, and I band data. We found optical spectral indices in the range of 0.878+-0.029 to 1.106+-0.065 by fitting a power law to these SEDs of PG 1553+113. We found that the source follows a bluer-when-brighter trend on IDV timescales. We discuss possible physical causes of the observed spectral variability., Comment: 13 pages,8 figures, 7 tables, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
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- 2022
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169. Teacher STEM Capability Sets That Support the Implementation of Mathematics Active STEM Tasks
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Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia (MERGA), Holland-Twining, Ben, Geiger, Vince, Beswick, Kim, and Fraser, Sharon
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In this paper we report on an aspect of a larger study and explore whether a framework for teacher STEM Capability Sets (SCS) enhanced teacher planning and the implementation of mathematics active STEM tasks. A case study approach was employed to understand how a classroom teacher used the digital resource, Gapminder, to teach a Year 5/6 cohort of students to interpret data as the basis for a STEM assessment. The research found that using the SCS as a guide, and emphasising mathematics in STEM learning and assessment, allowed the teacher to: reflect on existing STEM capabilities; observe the enhancement of other capabilities; and identify areas for future development.
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- 2022
170. A Typology for Instructional Enablers of Mathematical Modelling
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Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia (MERGA), Geiger, Vince, Galbraith, Peter, Niss, Mogens, and Holland-Twining, Ben
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Competency with mathematical modelling is increasingly important for career and informed and engaged participation in personal, civic and work life. In this paper we report on an aspect of a three-year longitudinal study that aimed to identify and describe enablers of mathematical modelling. Teacher interview data has been drawn upon to exemplify key features of a typology for instructional enablers of mathematical modelling. Findings highlight the importance of the didactical contract and socio-mathematical norms in promoting students' mathematical modelling competency, as well as teachers' anticipatory capabilities.
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- 2022
171. Novel enzymes for biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons identified by metagenomics and functional analysis in short-term soil microcosm experiments
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Kinga K. Nagy, Kristóf Takács, Imre Németh, Bálint Varga, Vince Grolmusz, Mónika Molnár, and Beáta G. Vértessy
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Biodegradation ,Bioinformatics ,Metagenomic data search ,Novel enzymes ,Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ,Soil ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are highly toxic, carcinogenic substances. On soils contaminated with PAHs, crop cultivation, animal husbandry and even the survival of microflora in the soil are greatly perturbed, depending on the degree of contamination. Most microorganisms cannot tolerate PAH-contaminated soils, however, some microbial strains can adapt to these harsh conditions and survive on contaminated soils. Analysis of the metagenomes of contaminated environmental samples may lead to discovery of PAH-degrading enzymes suitable for green biotechnology methodologies ranging from biocatalysis to pollution control. In the present study, our goal was to apply a metagenomic data search to identify efficient novel enzymes in remediation of PAH-contaminated soils. The metagenomic hits were further analyzed using a set of bioinformatics tools to select protein sequences predicted to encode well-folded soluble enzymes. Three novel enzymes (two dioxygenases and one peroxidase) were cloned and used in soil remediation microcosms experiments. The experimental design of the present study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the novel enzymes on short-term PAH degradation in the soil microcosmos model. The novel enzymes were found to be efficient for degradation of naphthalene and phenanthrene. Adding the inorganic oxidant CaO2 further increased the degrading potential of the novel enzymes for anthracene and pyrene. We conclude that metagenome mining paired with bioinformatic predictions, structural modelling and functional assays constitutes a powerful approach towards novel enzymes for soil remediation.
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- 2024
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172. The brain structure, inflammatory, and genetic mechanisms mediate the association between physical frailty and depression
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Rongtao Jiang, Stephanie Noble, Matthew Rosenblatt, Wei Dai, Jean Ye, Shu Liu, Shile Qi, Vince D. Calhoun, Jing Sui, and Dustin Scheinost
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated strong associations between physical frailty and depression. However, the evidence from prospective studies is limited. Here, we analyze data of 352,277 participants from UK Biobank with 12.25-year follow-up. Compared with non-frail individuals, pre-frail and frail individuals have increased risk for incident depression independent of many putative confounds. Altogether, pre-frail and frail individuals account for 20.58% and 13.16% of depression cases by population attributable fraction analyses. Higher risks are observed in males and individuals younger than 65 years than their counterparts. Mendelian randomization analyses support a potential causal effect of frailty on depression. Associations are also observed between inflammatory markers, brain volumes, and incident depression. Moreover, these regional brain volumes and three inflammatory markers—C-reactive protein, neutrophils, and leukocytes—significantly mediate associations between frailty and depression. Given the scarcity of curative treatment for depression and the high disease burden, identifying potential modifiable risk factors of depression, such as frailty, is needed.
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- 2024
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173. The influence of social entrepreneurship orientation and competitive advantage on the performance of rural social enterprises
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Yesi Mutia Basri, Poppy Nurmayanti, Vince Ratnawati, Jeni Wardi, Qomariah Lahamid, Linda Hetri Suriyanti, and Desrir Miftah
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competitive advantage ,performance ,social entrepreneurship orientation ,village-owned enterprises ,Business ,HF5001-6182 - Abstract
The development gap between urban and rural areas is a concern in many countries, including Indonesia. Currently, the government has introduced rural businesses to overcome this problem. This study aims to analyze the effect of social entrepreneurship on the performance of rural social entrepreneurs and test competitive advantage as a mediator. The population includes village-owned enterprises in Riau Province, Indonesia; the sample was stratified randomly. Village-owned enterprises are distributed based on classification, namely basic, growing, developing, and advanced. Respondents are managers of village-owned enterprises. Each village received five questionnaires, and 399 company managers decided to join the survey. The study employed structural equation modeling partial least squares to prove that competitive advantage influences organizational performance with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. Social entrepreneurial orientation influences competitive advantage and company performance with a p-value of 0.000. Competitive advantage is proven to mediate the relationship between social entrepreneurial orientation and performance, with a p-value of 0.000. The research results stress the importance of social entrepreneurship in improving company performance in rural areas. For this reason, the government should provide high-quality social entrepreneurship training.
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- 2024
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174. Oxidative photocatalysis on membranes triggers non-canonical pyroptosis
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Chaiheon Lee, Mingyu Park, W. C. Bhashini Wijesinghe, Seungjin Na, Chae Gyu Lee, Eunhye Hwang, Gwangsu Yoon, Jeong Kyeong Lee, Deok-Ho Roh, Yoon Hee Kwon, Jihyeon Yang, Sebastian A. Hughes, James E. Vince, Jeong Kon Seo, Duyoung Min, and Tae-Hyuk Kwon
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Intracellular membranes composing organelles of eukaryotes include membrane proteins playing crucial roles in physiological functions. However, a comprehensive understanding of the cellular responses triggered by intracellular membrane-focused oxidative stress remains elusive. Herein, we report an amphiphilic photocatalyst localised in intracellular membranes to damage membrane proteins oxidatively, resulting in non-canonical pyroptosis. Our developed photocatalysis generates hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxides via water oxidation, which is accelerated under hypoxia. Single-molecule magnetic tweezers reveal that photocatalysis-induced oxidation markedly destabilised membrane protein folding. In cell environment, label-free quantification reveals that oxidative damage occurs primarily in membrane proteins related to protein quality control, thereby aggravating mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress and inducing lytic cell death. Notably, the photocatalysis activates non-canonical inflammasome caspases, resulting in gasdermin D cleavage to its pore-forming fragment and subsequent pyroptosis. These findings suggest that the oxidation of intracellular membrane proteins triggers non-canonical pyroptosis.
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- 2024
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175. A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak investigation at a storage and distribution centre in England: an assessment of worker- and workplace-related risk factors
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Amber I. Raja, Gillian Nicholls, Matthew Coldwell, Karin van Veldhoven, Vince Sandys, Barry Atkinson, Ian Nicholls, Antony Spencer, Alice Graham, Hannah Higgins, Christina Atchison, Chris Keen, Tony Fletcher, Neil Pearce, Elizabeth B. Brickley, and Yiqun Chen
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 (1 March to 10 May 2021) with an attack rate of 26.5% among approximately 1150 workers at a storage and distribution centre in England prompted a multidisciplinary outbreak investigation (5 May to 6 August 2021), with the aim of better understanding worker- and workplace-related risk factors for viral transmission in the warehousing sector. Overall, environmental factors (e.g., ventilation, humidity and temperature) were assessed to be appropriate at the facility. Nevertheless, 39 (51.3%) surface samples from across the site tested positive for low/ very low levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA (Ct value ≥ 32.0 for all). Among the study participants, of whom 35.6% were confirmed or suspected cases, 95.5% reported having received COVID-19 prevention training, 100.0% reported handwashing, and 80.0% reported use of face coverings at work. Notably, 43.9% and 19.0% reported working with a symptomatic and a positive contact respectively. Furthermore, 80.5% and 46.3% had concerns regarding reduction in their income and future unemployment, respectively, due to self-isolation. The findings of this study suggest that, in addition to targeted workplace infection control measures and tailored work area specific risk assessments, an enhanced and equitable sick leave policy may help limit presenteeism and viral transmission in large workplaces.
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- 2024
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176. Investigating the metabolite signature of an altered oral microbiota as a discriminant factor for multiple sclerosis: a pilot study
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Léo Boussamet, Emmanuel Montassier, Camille Mathé, Alexandra Garcia, Jérémy Morille, Sita Shah, Emilie Dugast, Sandrine Wiertlewski, Mathilde Gourdel, Corinna Bang, Klarissa H. Stürner, Damien Masson, Arnaud B. Nicot, Nicolas Vince, David-Axel Laplaud, Douglas L. Feinstein, and Laureline Berthelot
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Multiple sclerosis ,Saliva ,Gut ,Microbiota ,Metabolites ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract In multiple sclerosis (MS), alterations of the gut microbiota lead to inflammation. However, the role of other microbiomes in the body in MS has not been fully elucidated. In a pilot case-controlled study, we carried out simultaneous characterization of faecal and oral microbiota and conducted an in-depth analysis of bacterial alterations associated with MS. Using 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolic inference tools, we compared the oral/faecal microbiota and bacterial metabolism pathways in French MS patients (n = 14) and healthy volunteers (HV, n = 21). A classification model based on metabolite flux balance was established and validated in an independent German cohort (MS n = 12, HV n = 38). Our analysis revealed decreases in diversity indices and oral/faecal compartmentalization, the depletion of commensal bacteria (Aggregatibacter and Streptococcus in saliva and Coprobacter and Roseburia in faeces) and enrichment of inflammation-associated bacteria in MS patients (Leptotrichia and Fusobacterium in saliva and Enterobacteriaceae and Actinomyces in faeces). Several microbial pathways were also altered (the polyamine pathway and remodelling of bacterial surface antigens and energetic metabolism) while flux balance analysis revealed associated alterations in metabolite production in MS (nitrogen and nucleoside). Based on this analysis, we identified a specific oral metabolite signature in MS patients, that could discriminate MS patients from HV and rheumatoid arthritis patients. This signature allowed us to create and validate a discrimination model on an independent cohort, which reached a specificity of 92%. Overall, the oral and faecal microbiomes were altered in MS patients. This pilot study highlights the need to study the oral microbiota and oral health implications in patients with autoimmune diseases on a larger scale and suggests that knowledge of the salivary microbiome could help guide the identification of new pathogenic mechanisms associated with the microbiota in MS patients.
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- 2024
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177. External progesterone supplementation during the Ovsynch protocol reduces the incomplete luteolysis in dairy cows under heat stress
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Boris Stojanov, Branko Atanasov, Juraj Grizelj, Silvijo Vince, Ksenija Ilievska, Martin Nikolovski, Toni Dovenski, and Marko Samardžija
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cows ,heat stress ,ovsynch ,luteolysis ,prid ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
The present study aimed to determinate the effect of external progesterone (P4) supplementation on luteolysis in cows under heat stress. Forty-eight (n=48) dairy cows in the period from July September 2018 were part of and at day 35±3 postpartum scored for BSC, synchronized using PG-3-G + Ovsynch protocol and randomly allocated into two treatments: PRID group (n=27) treated with external P4 device between G1 and PGF2α and CON group (n=21) left without treatment. Collection of blood samples to assess P4 concentrations was done at Pre-PG, at G1, at PGF2α, at 72 h after PGF2α (at timed artificial insemination TAI) and at d 21 after TAI. The pregnancy diagnosis was done at d 21 and d 30 after TAI by ultrasound. The average temperature humidity index (THI) was 79.5±0.6. At G1, the P4 was significantly lower in the PRID group (1.84±0.99 ng/mL) in comparison to the CON group (2.97±1.82 ng/mL). In contrast, at PGF2α, there was a tendency (p=0.09) of increased P4 concentration in PRID group compared with the CON group (4.26±1.68 and 3.74±2.39 ng/mL), respectively. At TAI, more PRID cows (p=0.0001) had a lower P4 (0.06±0.03 ng/mL), in comparison to CON (1.28±2.41 ng/mL). At d 21 and d 30 after TAI, more PRID cows were predicted and diagnosed pregnant (16/27 or 59.25% and 13/27 or 48.14%) compared with the CON group (11/21 or 52.38% and 8/21 or 38.08%) respectively, but without any significant differences. Supplementation of the P4 during the Ovsynch protocol increases the P4 before TAI and reduces the incomplete luteolysis in heat stressed dairy cows.
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- 2024
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178. Mathematics Instructor Actions and Knowledge Integration: Utilizing Resources in Mathematics Courses for Teachers
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Kirwan, J. Vince, Winsor, Matthew S., and Barker, David D.
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Future mathematics teachers must integrate their knowledge of mathematics, pedagogy, and learners to effectively teach mathematics. Historically, these different forms of knowledge were taught separately in teacher preparation and left to the preservice teacher to integrate on their own. This raises the question; what resources can be leveraged to promote knowledge integration in mathematics courses for teachers? In this study, we identified six instructional actions that were associated with potential knowledge integration when implemented within the environment of a mathematics course for preservice teachers. We posit these instructional actions can be implemented in concise and minimally invasive ways in a variety of mathematics content courses. Further unpacking of these instructional actions and considerations for implementation are provided.
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- 2023
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179. Leader Ready: Four Pathways to Prepare Aspiring School Leaders
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Cusack, Tim, Bustamante, Vince, Cusack, Tim, and Bustamante, Vince
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The best way to prepare aspiring leaders for principalship is to offer hands-on opportunities to develop the skills they'll need when they're in charge. Being a principal calls for originality, innovation, and the ability to work under pressure. Yet so few assistant principals and other aspiring leaders actually get to develop these competencies in meaningful ways that prepare them to lead a school with confidence. "Leader Ready" presents a framework that walks aspiring school leaders along the path to strong and independent principalship by using a mix of professional knowledge, modeling, coaching, guided experiences, and mastery experiences. Full of processes, action steps, and examples from the field, features include: (1) A research-based plan for creating better conditions for aspiring leaders; (2) Guidance for achieving systemic professional growth throughout the school year; (3) Analysis of school-leadership standards to inform practice; and (4) Voices of leaders, aspiring leaders, and experts from the field. The role of the principal is far more complex and challenging than ever before! It is critical that we guide more aspiring leaders to the role of principal. Leader Ready has the tools to help you achieve this! This book will provide aspiring leaders, principals, and district leaders with the know-how to build new generations of successful school leaders. [Foreword written by Peter DeWitt. Afterword written by John Hattie.]
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- 2023
180. 'I Would Be Lost without It but It's Not the Same' Experiences of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities of Using Information & Communication Technology during the COVID-19 Global Pandemic
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Chadwick, Darren D., Buell, Susan, Burgess, Emma, and Peters, Vince
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Background: COVID-19 is a life-threatening virus which has circulated the globe resulting in unprecedented effects on the daily lives of people across the world. Countries across the globe have advocated measures, including self-isolation and maintaining social distance to reduce the spread of COVID-19. The pandemic has seen an increase in the use of information and communication technology (ICT) for many aspects of life. This study aimed to find out from people with intellectual disabilities what it was like using ICT during COVID-19 and how this affected their lives. Method: Interviews and focus groups were conducted with 19 people with learning disabilities throughout the COVID pandemic. The qualitative data gathered was analysed using longitudinal thematic framework analysis to identify the main ways technology use had impacted on people's lives and the challenges and facilitators of technology use during this time. Findings: Technology played an important role in the lives of the people with learning disabilities who took part in the study. Technology facilitated continuation and maintenance of important daily activities and roles in people's lives (e.g., jobs, getting support and leisure), keeping people meaningfully occupied and maintaining social contact which reduced feelings of loneliness and isolation. People adapted and learned new skills, with help from friends, family and support staff, which boosted self-confidence. Despite some identified barriers, prior technology use, tenacity and a positive attitude towards ICT supported learning new skills and adaptation to increased ICT use. Conclusions: Supporting the development of digital competence, confidence and persistence in people with learning disabilities was important during this international crisis and has had a fundamental positive effect on wellbeing.
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- 2023
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181. Terahertz emission characteristics of a metasurface-enhanced spintronic terahertz emitter
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Bardolaza, Hannah R., Ferrolino, John Paul R., Verona, Ivan Cedrick M., Juguilon, Vince Paul P., Dela Rosa, Lourdes Nicole F., Talara, Miezel L., Kitahara, Hideaki, Somintac, Armando S., Salvador, Arnel A., Cabello, Neil Irvin F., De Los Reyes, Alexander E., Tani, Masahiko, and Estacio, Elmer S.
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- 2024
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182. Immersive cold war experiences using augmented reality
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Wall, Vince
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- 2022
183. Reliability and clinical utility of spatially constrained estimates of intrinsic functional networks from very short fMRI scans.
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Duda, Marlena, Iraji, Armin, Ford, Judith M, Lim, Kelvin O, Mathalon, Daniel H, Mueller, Bryon A, Potkin, Steven G, Preda, Adrian, Van Erp, Theo GM, and Calhoun, Vince D
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Brain ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Brain Mapping ,Reproducibility of Results ,Mood Disorders ,Neuroimaging ,functional network connectivity ,intrinsic connectivity networks ,resting-state fMRI ,schizophrenia ,spatially constrained independent components analysis ,Clinical Research ,Neurosciences ,Biomedical Imaging ,Mental Health ,4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies ,Detection ,screening and diagnosis ,Cognitive Sciences ,Experimental Psychology - Abstract
Resting-state functional network connectivity (rsFNC) has shown utility for identifying characteristic functional brain patterns in individuals with psychiatric and mood disorders, providing a promising avenue for biomarker development. However, several factors have precluded widespread clinical adoption of rsFNC diagnostics, namely a lack of standardized approaches for capturing comparable and reproducible imaging markers across individuals, as well as the disagreement on the amount of data required to robustly detect intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) and diagnostically relevant patterns of rsFNC at the individual subject level. Recently, spatially constrained independent component analysis (scICA) has been proposed as an automated method for extracting ICNs standardized to a chosen network template while still preserving individual variation. Leveraging the scICA methodology, which solves the former challenge of standardized neuroimaging markers, we investigate the latter challenge of identifying a minimally sufficient data length for clinical applications of resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI). Using a dataset containing rsfMRI scans of individuals with schizophrenia and controls (M = 310) as well as simulated rsfMRI, we evaluated the robustness of ICN and rsFNC estimates at both the subject- and group-level, as well as the performance of diagnostic classification, with respect to the length of the rsfMRI time course. We found individual estimates of ICNs and rsFNC from the full-length (5 min) reference time course were sufficiently approximated with just 3-3.5 min of data (r = 0.85, 0.88, respectively), and significant differences in group-average rsFNC could be sufficiently approximated with even less data, just 2 min (r = 0.86). These results from the shorter clinical data were largely consistent with the results from validation experiments using longer time series from both simulated (30 min) and real-world (14 min) datasets, in which estimates of subject-level FNC were reliably estimated with 3-5 min of data. Moreover, in the real-world data we found rsFNC and ICN estimates generated across the full range of data lengths (0.5-14 min) more reliably matched those generated from the first 5 min of scan time than those generated from the last 5 min, suggesting increased influence of "late scan" noise factors such as fatigue or drowsiness may limit the reliability of FNC from data collected after 10+ min of scan time, further supporting the notion of shorter scans. Lastly, a diagnostic classification model trained on just 2 min of data retained 97%-98% classification accuracy relative to that of the full-length reference model. Our results suggest that, when decomposed with scICA, rsfMRI scans of just 2-5 min show good clinical utility without significant loss of individual FNC information of longer scan lengths.
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- 2023
184. Large-scale analysis of structural brain asymmetries in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium.
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Schijven, Dick, Postema, Merel C, Fukunaga, Masaki, Matsumoto, Junya, Miura, Kenichiro, de Zwarte, Sonja MC, van Haren, Neeltje EM, Cahn, Wiepke, Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E, Kahn, René S, Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-García de la Foz, Víctor, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Diana, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Alnæs, Dag, Dahl, Andreas, Westlye, Lars T, Agartz, Ingrid, Andreassen, Ole A, Jönsson, Erik G, Kochunov, Peter, Bruggemann, Jason M, Catts, Stanley V, Michie, Patricia T, Mowry, Bryan J, Quidé, Yann, Rasser, Paul E, Schall, Ulrich, Scott, Rodney J, Carr, Vaughan J, Green, Melissa J, Henskens, Frans A, Loughland, Carmel M, Pantelis, Christos, Weickert, Cynthia Shannon, Weickert, Thomas W, de Haan, Lieuwe, Brosch, Katharina, Pfarr, Julia-Katharina, Ringwald, Kai G, Stein, Frederike, Jansen, Andreas, Kircher, Tilo TJ, Nenadić, Igor, Krämer, Bernd, Gruber, Oliver, Satterthwaite, Theodore D, Bustillo, Juan, Mathalon, Daniel H, Preda, Adrian, Calhoun, Vince D, Ford, Judith M, Potkin, Steven G, Chen, Jingxu, Tan, Yunlong, Wang, Zhiren, Xiang, Hong, Fan, Fengmei, Bernardoni, Fabio, Ehrlich, Stefan, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Garcia-Leon, Maria Angeles, Guerrero-Pedraza, Amalia, Salvador, Raymond, Sarró, Salvador, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Ciullo, Valentina, Piras, Fabrizio, Vecchio, Daniela, Banaj, Nerisa, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Michielse, Stijn, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Dickie, Erin W, Voineskos, Aristotle N, Sim, Kang, Ciufolini, Simone, Dazzan, Paola, Murray, Robin M, Kim, Woo-Sung, Chung, Young-Chul, Andreou, Christina, Schmidt, André, Borgwardt, Stefan, McIntosh, Andrew M, Whalley, Heather C, Lawrie, Stephen M, du Plessis, Stefan, Luckhoff, Hilmar K, Scheffler, Freda, Emsley, Robin, Grotegerd, Dominik, Lencer, Rebekka, Dannlowski, Udo, Edmond, Jesse T, Rootes-Murdy, Kelly, Stephen, Julia M, Mayer, Andrew R, and Antonucci, Linda A
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Brain ,Cerebral Cortex ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Case-Control Studies ,Schizophrenia ,Female ,Male ,Functional Laterality ,asymmetry ,brain imaging ,cortical ,subcortical ,Clinical Research ,Mental Health ,Neurosciences ,Brain Disorders ,Mental health - Abstract
Left-right asymmetry is an important organizing feature of the healthy brain that may be altered in schizophrenia, but most studies have used relatively small samples and heterogeneous approaches, resulting in equivocal findings. We carried out the largest case-control study of structural brain asymmetries in schizophrenia, with MRI data from 5,080 affected individuals and 6,015 controls across 46 datasets, using a single image analysis protocol. Asymmetry indexes were calculated for global and regional cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume measures. Differences of asymmetry were calculated between affected individuals and controls per dataset, and effect sizes were meta-analyzed across datasets. Small average case-control differences were observed for thickness asymmetries of the rostral anterior cingulate and the middle temporal gyrus, both driven by thinner left-hemispheric cortices in schizophrenia. Analyses of these asymmetries with respect to the use of antipsychotic medication and other clinical variables did not show any significant associations. Assessment of age- and sex-specific effects revealed a stronger average leftward asymmetry of pallidum volume between older cases and controls. Case-control differences in a multivariate context were assessed in a subset of the data (N = 2,029), which revealed that 7% of the variance across all structural asymmetries was explained by case-control status. Subtle case-control differences of brain macrostructural asymmetry may reflect differences at the molecular, cytoarchitectonic, or circuit levels that have functional relevance for the disorder. Reduced left middle temporal cortical thickness is consistent with altered left-hemisphere language network organization in schizophrenia.
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- 2023
185. Five negative symptom domains are differentially associated with resting state amplitude of low frequency fluctuations in Schizophrenia.
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Cheon, Eun-Jin, Male, Alie, Gao, Bingchen, Adhikari, Bhim, Edmond, Jesse, Hare, Stephanie, Belger, Aysenil, Potkin, Steven, Bustillo, Juan, Mathalon, Daniel, Ford, Judith, Lim, Kelvin, Mueller, Bryon, Preda, Adrian, OLeary, Daniel, Strauss, Gregory, Ahmed, Anthony, Thompson, Paul, Jahanshad, Neda, Kochunov, Peter, Calhoun, Vince, Turner, Jessica, and Van Erp, Theodorus
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ALFF ,Avolition ,Negative symptoms ,Humans ,Schizophrenia ,Anhedonia ,Brain ,Mood Disorders ,Motivation - Abstract
This study examined associations between resting-state amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and negative symptoms represented by total scores, second-order dimension (motivation and pleasure, expressivity), and first-order domain (anhedonia, avolition, asociality, alogia, blunted affect) factor scores in schizophrenia (n = 57). Total negative symptom scores showed positive associations with ALFF in temporal and frontal brain regions. Negative symptom domain scores showed predominantly stronger associations with regional ALFF compared to total scores, suggesting domain scores may better map to neural signatures than total scores. Improving our understanding of the neuropathology underlying negative symptoms may aid in addressing this unmet therapeutic need in schizophrenia.
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- 2023
186. Brain ageing in schizophrenia: evidence from 26 international cohorts via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium.
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Constantinides, Constantinos, Han, Laura KM, Alloza, Clara, Antonucci, Linda Antonella, Arango, Celso, Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Banaj, Nerisa, Bertolino, Alessandro, Borgwardt, Stefan, Bruggemann, Jason, Bustillo, Juan, Bykhovski, Oleg, Calhoun, Vince, Carr, Vaughan, Catts, Stanley, Chung, Young-Chul, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M, Donohoe, Gary, Plessis, Stefan Du, Edmond, Jesse, Ehrlich, Stefan, Emsley, Robin, Eyler, Lisa T, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Georgiadis, Foivos, Green, Melissa, Guerrero-Pedraza, Amalia, Ha, Minji, Hahn, Tim, Henskens, Frans A, Holleran, Laurena, Homan, Stephanie, Homan, Philipp, Jahanshad, Neda, Janssen, Joost, Ji, Ellen, Kaiser, Stefan, Kaleda, Vasily, Kim, Minah, Kim, Woo-Sung, Kirschner, Matthias, Kochunov, Peter, Kwak, Yoo Bin, Kwon, Jun Soo, Lebedeva, Irina, Liu, Jingyu, Mitchie, Patricia, Michielse, Stijn, Mothersill, David, Mowry, Bryan, de la Foz, Víctor Ortiz-García, Pantelis, Christos, Pergola, Giulio, Piras, Fabrizio, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Preda, Adrian, Quidé, Yann, Rasser, Paul E, Rootes-Murdy, Kelly, Salvador, Raymond, Sangiuliano, Marina, Sarró, Salvador, Schall, Ulrich, Schmidt, André, Scott, Rodney J, Selvaggi, Pierluigi, Sim, Kang, Skoch, Antonin, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Spaniel, Filip, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Tomecek, David, Tomyshev, Alexander S, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Vecchio, Daniela, Voineskos, Aristotle, Weickert, Cynthia S, Weickert, Thomas, Thompson, Paul M, Schmaal, Lianne, van Erp, Theo GM, Turner, Jessica, Cole, James H, ENIGMA Schizophrenia Consortium, Dima, Danai, and Walton, Esther
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ENIGMA Schizophrenia Consortium ,Brain ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Prospective Studies ,Schizophrenia ,Aging ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Aged ,Middle Aged ,Female ,Male ,Young Adult ,Mental Health ,Serious Mental Illness ,Brain Disorders ,Neurosciences ,Biomedical Imaging ,Clinical Research ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Neurological ,Mental health ,Good Health and Well Being ,Biological Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Psychiatry - Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with an increased risk of life-long cognitive impairments, age-related chronic disease, and premature mortality. We investigated evidence for advanced brain ageing in adult SZ patients, and whether this was associated with clinical characteristics in a prospective meta-analytic study conducted by the ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group. The study included data from 26 cohorts worldwide, with a total of 2803 SZ patients (mean age 34.2 years; range 18-72 years; 67% male) and 2598 healthy controls (mean age 33.8 years, range 18-73 years, 55% male). Brain-predicted age was individually estimated using a model trained on independent data based on 68 measures of cortical thickness and surface area, 7 subcortical volumes, lateral ventricular volumes and total intracranial volume, all derived from T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Deviations from a healthy brain ageing trajectory were assessed by the difference between brain-predicted age and chronological age (brain-predicted age difference [brain-PAD]). On average, SZ patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +3.55 years (95% CI: 2.91, 4.19; I2 = 57.53%) compared to controls, after adjusting for age, sex and site (Cohen's d = 0.48). Among SZ patients, brain-PAD was not associated with specific clinical characteristics (age of onset, duration of illness, symptom severity, or antipsychotic use and dose). This large-scale collaborative study suggests advanced structural brain ageing in SZ. Longitudinal studies of SZ and a range of mental and somatic health outcomes will help to further evaluate the clinical implications of increased brain-PAD and its ability to be influenced by interventions.
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- 2023
187. Obesity and Cognitive Decline
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Tabak, Adam, primary, Fazekas-Pongor, Vince, additional, Tarantini, Stefano, additional, Balasubramanian, Priya, additional, Csiszar, Anna, additional, and Ungvari, Zoltan, additional
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- 2024
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188. Group Information Guided Smooth Independent Component Analysis Method for Brain Functional Network Analysis
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Du, Yuhui, primary, Huang, Chen, additional, Guo, Yating, additional, He, Xingyu, additional, and Calhoun, Vince D., additional
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- 2024
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189. Coaching az egyházban: reflexió tíz év szervezetfejlesztő folyamatai alapján
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Gulyás, Vince, primary
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- 2024
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190. A Multi-dimensional Joint ICA Model with Gaussian Copula
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Agcaoglu, Oktay, primary, Silva, Rogers F., additional, Alacam, Deniz, additional, and Calhoun, Vince, additional
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- 2024
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191. Conceptual Framework of Epigenetic Analyses of Plant Responses to Sedentary Endoparasitic Nematodes
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Hawk, Tracy, primary, Zadegan, Sobhan Bahrami, additional, Ozdemir, Selin, additional, Li, Peitong, additional, Pantalone, Vince, additional, Staton, Meg, additional, and Hewezi, Tarek, additional
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- 2024
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192. Robust Circuitry-Based Scores of Structural Importance of Human Brain Areas
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Hegedus, Daniel and Grolmusz, Vince
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Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition - Abstract
We consider the 1015-vertex human consensus connectome computed from the diffusion MRI data of 1064 subjects. We define seven different orders on these 1015 graph vertices, where the orders depend on parameters derived from the brain circuitry, that is, from the properties of the edges (or connections) incident to the vertices ordered. We order the vertices according to their degree, the sum, the maximum, and the average of the fiber counts on the incident edges, and the sum, the maximum and the average length of the fibers in the incident edges. We analyze the similarities of these seven orders by the Spearman correlation coefficient and by their inversion numbers and have found that all of these seven orders have great similarities. In other words, if we interpret the orders as scoring of the importance of the vertices in the consensus connectome, then the scores of the vertices will be similar in all seven orderings. That is, important vertices of the human connectome typically have many neighbors, connected with long and thick axonal fibers (where thickness is measured by fiber numbers), and their incident edges have high maximum and average values of length and fiber-number parameters, too. Therefore, these parameters may yield robust ways of deciding which vertices are more important in the anatomy of our brain circuitry than the others.
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- 2022
193. Coupled CP tensor decomposition with shared and distinct components for multi-task fMRI data fusion
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Borsoi, Ricardo Augusto, Lehmann, Isabell, Akhonda, Mohammad Abu Baker Siddique, Calhoun, Vince, Usevich, Konstantin, Brie, David, and Adali, Tülay
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing - Abstract
Discovering components that are shared in multiple datasets, next to dataset-specific features, has great potential for studying the relationships between different subjects or tasks in functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data. Coupled matrix and tensor factorization approaches have been useful for flexible data fusion, or decomposition to extract features that can be used in multiple ways. However, existing methods do not directly recover shared and dataset-specific components, which requires post-processing steps involving additional hyperparameter selection. In this paper, we propose a tensor-based framework for multi-task fMRI data fusion, using a partially constrained canonical polyadic (CP) decomposition model. Differently from previous approaches, the proposed method directly recovers shared and dataset-specific components, leading to results that are directly interpretable. A strategy to select a highly reproducible solution to the decomposition is also proposed. We evaluate the proposed methodology on real fMRI data of three tasks, and show that the proposed method finds meaningful components that clearly identify group differences between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.
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- 2022
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194. MultiCrossViT: Multimodal Vision Transformer for Schizophrenia Prediction using Structural MRI and Functional Network Connectivity Data
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Bi, Yuda, Abrol, Anees, Fu, Zening, and Calhoun, Vince
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Vision Transformer (ViT) is a pioneering deep learning framework that can address real-world computer vision issues, such as image classification and object recognition. Importantly, ViTs are proven to outperform traditional deep learning models, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Relatively recently, a number of ViT mutations have been transplanted into the field of medical imaging, thereby resolving a variety of critical classification and segmentation challenges, especially in terms of brain imaging data. In this work, we provide a novel multimodal deep learning pipeline, MultiCrossViT, which is capable of analyzing both structural MRI (sMRI) and static functional network connectivity (sFNC) data for the prediction of schizophrenia disease. On a dataset with minimal training subjects, our novel model can achieve an AUC of 0.832. Finally, we visualize multiple brain regions and covariance patterns most relevant to schizophrenia based on the resulting ViT attention maps by extracting features from transformer encoders., Comment: I submitted the wrong paper
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- 2022
195. New Interpretable Patterns and Discriminative Features from Brain Functional Network Connectivity Using Dictionary Learning
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Ghayem, Fateme, Yang, Hanlu, Kantar, Furkan, Kim, Seung-Jun, Calhoun, Vince D., and Adali, Tulay
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Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Independent component analysis (ICA) of multi-subject functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data has proven useful in providing a fully multivariate summary that can be used for multiple purposes. ICA can identify patterns that can discriminate between healthy controls (HC) and patients with various mental disorders such as schizophrenia (Sz). Temporal functional network connectivity (tFNC) obtained from ICA can effectively explain the interactions between brain networks. On the other hand, dictionary learning (DL) enables the discovery of hidden information in data using learnable basis signals through the use of sparsity. In this paper, we present a new method that leverages ICA and DL for the identification of directly interpretable patterns to discriminate between the HC and Sz groups. We use multi-subject resting-state fMRI data from $358$ subjects and form subject-specific tFNC feature vectors from ICA results. Then, we learn sparse representations of the tFNCs and introduce a new set of sparse features as well as new interpretable patterns from the learned atoms. Our experimental results show that the new representation not only leads to effective classification between HC and Sz groups using sparse features, but can also identify new interpretable patterns from the learned atoms that can help understand the complexities of mental diseases such as schizophrenia.
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- 2022
196. Health Guardian Platform: A technology stack to accelerate discovery in Digital Health research
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Wen, Bo, Siu, Vince S., Buleje, Italo, Hsieh, Kuan Yu, Itoh, Takashi, Zimmerli, Lukas, Hinds, Nigel, Eyigoz, Elif, Dang, Bing, von Cavallar, Stefan, and Rogers, Jeffrey L.
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Computer Science - Computers and Society ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
This paper highlights the design philosophy and architecture of the Health Guardian, a platform developed by the IBM Digital Health team to accelerate discoveries of new digital biomarkers and development of digital health technologies. The Health Guardian allows for rapid translation of artificial intelligence (AI) research into cloud-based microservices that can be tested with data from clinical cohorts to understand disease and enable early prevention. The platform can be connected to mobile applications, wearables, or Internet of things (IoT) devices to collect health-related data into a secure database. When the analytics are created, the researchers can containerize and deploy their code on the cloud using pre-defined templates, and validate the models using the data collected from one or more sensing devices. The Health Guardian platform currently supports time-series, text, audio, and video inputs with 70+ analytic capabilities and is used for non-commercial scientific research. We provide an example of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) assessment microservice which uses AI methods to extract linguistic features from audio recordings to evaluate an individual's mini-mental state, the likelihood of having AD, and to predict the onset of AD before turning the age of 85. Today, IBM research teams across the globe use the Health Guardian internally as a test bed for early-stage research ideas, and externally with collaborators to support and enhance AI model development and clinical study efforts., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9861047
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- 2022
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197. Opening Amyloid-Windows to the Secondary Structure of Proteins: The Amyloidogenecity Increases Tenfold Inside Beta-Sheets
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Takacs, Kristof, Varga, Balint, Farkas, Viktor, Perczel, Andras, and Grolmusz, Vince
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Quantitative Biology - Biomolecules - Abstract
Methods from artificial intelligence (AI), in general, and machine learning, in particular, have kept conquering new territories in numerous areas of science. Most of the applications of these techniques are restricted to the classification of large data sets, but new scientific knowledge can seldom be inferred from these tools. Here we show that an AI-based amyloidogenecity predictor can strongly differentiate the border- and the internal hexamers of $\beta$-pleated sheets when screening all the Protein Data Bank-deposited homology-filtered protein structures. Our main result shows that more than 30\% of internal hexamers of $\beta$ sheets are predicted to be amyloidogenic, while just outside the border regions, only 3\% are predicted as such. This result may elucidate a general protection mechanism of proteins against turning into amyloids: if the borders of $\beta$-sheets were amyloidogenic, then the whole $\beta$ sheet could turn more easily into an insoluble amyloid-structure, characterized by periodically repeated parallel $\beta$-sheets. We also present that no analogous phenomenon exists on the borders of $\alpha$-helices or randomly chosen subsequences of the studied protein structures.
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- 2022
198. CommsVAE: Learning the brain's macroscale communication dynamics using coupled sequential VAEs
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Geenjaar, Eloy, Lewis, Noah, Kashyap, Amrit, Miller, Robyn, and Calhoun, Vince
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Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Social and Information Networks - Abstract
Communication within or between complex systems is commonplace in the natural sciences and fields such as graph neural networks. The brain is a perfect example of such a complex system, where communication between brain regions is constantly being orchestrated. To analyze communication, the brain is often split up into anatomical regions that each perform certain computations. These regions must interact and communicate with each other to perform tasks and support higher-level cognition. On a macroscale, these regions communicate through signal propagation along the cortex and along white matter tracts over longer distances. When and what types of signals are communicated over time is an unsolved problem and is often studied using either functional or structural data. In this paper, we propose a non-linear generative approach to communication from functional data. We address three issues with common connectivity approaches by explicitly modeling the directionality of communication, finding communication at each timestep, and encouraging sparsity. To evaluate our model, we simulate temporal data that has sparse communication between nodes embedded in it and show that our model can uncover the expected communication dynamics. Subsequently, we apply our model to temporal neural data from multiple tasks and show that our approach models communication that is more specific to each task. The specificity of our method means it can have an impact on the understanding of psychiatric disorders, which are believed to be related to highly specific communication between brain regions compared to controls. In sum, we propose a general model for dynamic communication learning on graphs, and show its applicability to a subfield of the natural sciences, with potential widespread scientific impact., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures
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- 2022
199. Multi-messenger characterization of Mrk 501 during historically low X-ray and $\gamma$-ray activity
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MAGIC collaboration, Abe, H., Abe, S., Acciari, V. A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Chilingarian, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Del Popolo, A., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Espiñeira, E. Do Souto, Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fruck, C., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Lyard, E., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Mićanović, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Moreno, V., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Nava, L., Neustroev, V., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Surić, T., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Walter, R., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Yamamoto, T., Zarić, D., groups, Other, collaborations, Cerruti, M., Acosta-Pulido, J. A., Apolonio, G., Bachev, R., Baloković, M., Benítez, E., Björklund, I., Bozhilov, V., Brown, L. F., Bugg, A., Carbonell, W., Carnerero, M. I., Carosati, D., Casadio, C., Chamani, W., Chen, W. P., Chigladze, R. A., Damljanovic, G., Epps, K., Erkenov, A., Feige, M., Finke, J., Fuentes, A., Gazeas, K., Giroletti, M., Grishina, T. S., Gupta, A. C., Gurwell, M. A., Heidemann, E., Hiriart, D., Hou, W. J., Hovatta, T., Ibryamov, S., Joner, M. D., Jorstad, S. G., Kania, J., Kiehlmann, S., Kimeridze, G. N., Kopatskaya, E. N., Kopp, M., Korte, M., Kotas, B., Koyama, S., Kramer, J. A., Kunkel, L., Kurtanidze, S. O., Kurtanidze, O. M., Lähteenmäki, A., López, J. M., Larionov, V. M., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Leto, C., Lorey, C., Mújica, R., Madejski, G. M., Marchili, N., Marscher, A. P., Minev, M., Modaressi, A., Morozova, D. A., Mufakharov, T., Myserlis, I., Nikiforova, A. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Ovcharov, E., Perri, M., Raiteri, C. M., Readhead, A. C. S., Reimer, A., Reinhart, D., Righini, S., Rosenlehner, K., Sadun, A. C., Savchenko, S. S., Scherbantin, A., Schneider, L., Schoch, K., Seifert, D., Semkov, E., Sigua, L. A., Singh, C., Sola, P., Sotnikova, Y., Spencer, M., Steineke, R., Stojanovic, M., Strigachev, A., Tornikoski, M., Traianou, E., Tramacere, A., Troitskaya, Yu. V., Troitskiy, I. S., Trump, J. B., Tsai, A., Valcheva, A., Vasilyev, A. A., Verrecchia, F., Villata, M., Vince, O., Vrontaki, K., Weaver, Z. R., Zaharieva, E., and Zottmann, N.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We study the broadband emission of Mrk 501 using multi-wavelength observations from 2017 to 2020 performed with a multitude of instruments, involving, among others, MAGIC, Fermi-LAT, NuSTAR, Swift, GASP-WEBT, and OVRO. Mrk 501 showed an extremely low broadband activity, which may help to unravel its baseline emission. Nonetheless, significant flux variations are detected at all wavebands, with the highest occurring at X-rays and very-high-energy (VHE) $\gamma$-rays. A significant correlation ($>$3$\sigma$) between X-rays and VHE $\gamma$-rays is measured, supporting leptonic scenarios to explain the variable parts of the emission, also during low activity. This is further supported when we extend our data from 2008 to 2020, and identify, for the first time, significant correlations between Swift-XRT and Fermi-LAT. We additionally find correlations between high-energy $\gamma$-rays and radio, with the radio lagging by more than 100 days, placing the $\gamma$-ray emission zone upstream of the radio-bright regions in the jet. Furthermore, Mrk 501 showed a historically low activity in X-rays and VHE $\gamma$-rays from mid-2017 to mid-2019 with a stable VHE flux ($>$0.2 TeV) of 5% the emission of the Crab Nebula. The broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of this 2-year-long low-state, the potential baseline emission of Mrk 501, can be characterized with one-zone leptonic models, and with (lepto)-hadronic models fulfilling neutrino flux constraints from IceCube. We explore the time evolution of the SED towards the low-state, revealing that the stable baseline emission may be ascribed to a standing shock, and the variable emission to an additional expanding or traveling shock., Comment: 55 pages, 30 figures, 14 tables, accepted by APJS. Corresponding authors are L. Heckmann, D. Paneque, S. Gasparyan, M. Cerruti, and N. Sahakyan
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- 2022
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200. Prediction of Gender from Longitudinal MRI data via Deep Learning on Adolescent Data Reveals Unique Patterns Associated with Brain Structure and Change over a Two-year Period
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Bi, Yuda, Abrol, Anees, Fu, Zening, Chen, Jiayu, Liu, Jingyu, and Calhoun, Vince
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition - Abstract
Deep learning algorithms for predicting neuroimaging data have shown considerable promise in various applications. Prior work has demonstrated that deep learning models that take advantage of the data's 3D structure can outperform standard machine learning on several learning tasks. However, most prior research in this area has focused on neuroimaging data from adults. Within the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset, a large longitudinal development study, we examine structural MRI data to predict gender and identify gender-related changes in brain structure. Results demonstrate that gender prediction accuracy is exceptionally high (>97%) with training epochs >200 and that this accuracy increases with age. Brain regions identified as the most discriminative in the task under study include predominantly frontal areas and the temporal lobe. When evaluating gender predictive changes specific to a two-year increase in age, a broader set of visual, cingulate, and insular regions are revealed. Our findings show a robust gender-related structural brain change pattern, even over a small age range. This suggests that it might be possible to study how the brain changes during adolescence by looking at how these changes are related to different behavioral and environmental factors., Comment: I submitted the wrong paper
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- 2022
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