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BackgroundLoop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a novel nucleic acid amplification method using only one type of enzyme that can amplify DNA with high specificity, efficiency and rapidity under isothermal conditions. Chips for Complicated Infection Detection (CCID) is based on LAMP. This study translate CCID into clinical application and evaluate its diagnostic value for pneumonia.MethodsEighty one older patients with pneumonia were prospectively enrolled from January 1 to July 23, 2021, and 57 sputum/airway secretion and 35 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected and analyzed by CCID and conventional microbiological tests (CMTs). Samples were collected, transported, monitored, and managed by a multidisciplinary team using a sample management information system.ResultsCCID turnaround time was 50 min, and the detection limit was 500 copies/reaction. The percentage of positive samples was significantly higher using CCID than CMTs, especially for Klebsiella pneumoniae (odds ratio [OR], 9.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–70.5; p

The use of synthetic fibers in our daily life is growing continuously; however, the excessive dependence of these chemical fibers on petroleum-based chemicals will lead to large consumption of non-renewable resources. The scarcity of oil resources, economic and environmental problems, reliance on a few oil-rich countries, and predicted depletion of these resources. Therefore, research and development of biobased materials to reduce the use of fossil fuels have become increasingly important. Biobased synthetic fiber has a low carbon footprint in the synthesis process because its raw materials are derived from biomass. In addition, most biobased synthetic fibers have excellent biodegradability, which can be composted and degraded in natural environments or by microorganisms with or without specific conditions. However, all biobased fibers cannot be proven to be biodegradable, so the development of biodegradability is an important driving force for the progress of research on biobased fibers. In the past, biobased fiber was obtained, extracted, or synthesized from food crops, which was soon replaced by non-food crops. With environmental protection, sustainability, and resource conservation, it has become necessary to make non-food crops and food residues biobased raw materials to obtain biobased textile fibers and even to develop ideal biobased raw materials that are carbon negatives, such as moss and CO2. Besides, there is huge potential for these biobased textile fibers to be used for sustainable clothing and medical textiles due to their non-toxicity, skin friendliness, and antibacterial properties. This review paper introduces biobased synthetic textile fibers, summarizes the recent development, and clarifies key concepts in this domain.

Reinforced concrete has been widely used. However, it is difficult to accurately simulate the process of concrete damage and destruction caused by rebar corrosion. Therefore, the objective of this work is to solve this difficult problem using a phase field method and analyze the failure process of reinforced concrete. The main importance of this work is to improve the calculation method for the problem, simulate the damage and destruction of concrete cover, and visualize the crack propagation process. Based on the strain softening characteristics of concrete the damage of concrete cover caused by uniform and non-uniform corrosion of rebars is simulated respectively. The simulation results are consistent with the actual observation. The applicability of the phase field method for complex crack propagation in reinforced concrete is verified, which provides a reference for the engineering design and durability research of structures. Analysis of simulation results found that the crack propagation speed is fast for uniform corrosion. Increasing the thickness of concrete cover is benefit to improve the corrosion resistance of structure. However, the crack propagation speed is slow for non-uniform corrosion. The thickness of the cover has no obvious effect on the corrosion damage resistance of structure. For the non-uniform corrosion of multiple rebars, depending on the thickness of concrete cover and the spacing between rebars, the concrete cover presents three typical crack propagation morphologies: wedge-shaped cracks, layered cracks and small local cracks.

Abstract Photodetectors generally operate exclusively in either the broadband or narrowband. Developing bifunctional photodetectors that can detect photons in both broadband and narrowband would bring significant versatility to the optoelectronic platform. Nevertheless, the design of bifunctional integrated devices remains challenging due to the differentiated strategies with respect to device structure and material combination. Herein, we propose introducing polyvinylpyrrolidone to increase the viscosity of the perovskite precursor solution, which introduces abundant defects and cavities into the perovskite film while maintaining a relatively low film thickness. Then, we use methylamine gas to postprocess the middle area of the film to promote directional recrystallization and densification, thereby realizing narrowband and broadband dual‐function photodetection in a single device at zero bias. Both ends of the film exhibit a near‐infrared peak response at 780 nm with a narrow full‐width at half maximum of approximately 30 nm without an external bias. The middle broadband photodetector exhibits a high responsivity of 329 mA W−1 and EQE up to 52.46% at 780 nm. We make full use of narrow‐band wavelength selective detection and broadband full‐spectrum detection to achieve double encryption during signal transmission. This work represents an important step toward the realization of perovskite‐based multifunctional integrated devices.

Copper oxide (Cu2O) is a promising semiconductor for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications since this material has a high optical absorption coefficient and lower band gap (2.17 eV). Doped lanthanum (La), magnesium (Mg) and manganese (Mn) Cu2O nanoparticles (Cu2O Nps) were prepared by a displacement reaction. The doped and undoped Cu2O Nps were characterized with scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. The EDS results confirm the presence of La, Mg and Mn in the Cu2O Nps. The XRD results confirm the formation a single cubic phase of Cu2O with a cuprite structure. TEM images confirm the formation of Nps with mean diameters between 12.0 ± 6.1 and 30.8 ± 11.0 nm. Doped and undoped Nps present a narrow band gap (2.40 eV), blue shifted with respect to bulk Cu2O.

It has been proven that the mechanical microenvironment can impact the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the effect of mechanical stimuli in biofabricating hydroxyapatite scaffolds on the inflammatory response of MSCs remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mechanical loading on the inflammatory response of MSCs seeded on scaffolds. Cyclic mechanical loading was applied to biofabricate the cell-scaffold composite for 15 min/day over 7, 14, or 21 days. At the predetermined time points, culture supernatant was collected for inflammatory mediator detection, and gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the expression of inflammatory mediators (IL1B and IL8) was downregulated (p

Abstract Background Recent studies have found that programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) might be involved in chemotherapy resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Arsenic sulfide (As4S4) has been recognized to have antitumor activities and enhance the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy drugs. In this study, we aimed to verify the relationship between PD‐L1 and cisplatin (DDP) resistance and identify whether As4S4 could reverse DDP resistance through targeting PD‐L1 in NSCLC. Methods The effect of As4S4 and DDP on cell proliferation and apoptosis was investigated in NSCLC cell lines. The expression of p53 and PD‐L1 proteins was measured by western blotting analysis. The levels of miR‐34a‐5p, miR‐34a‐3p and PD‐L1 in cells were measured by real‐time qPCR analysis. Mouse xenograft models were established by inoculation with A549/DDP (DDP‐resistant) cells. Results Depletion of PD‐L1 inhibited DDP resistance in A549/DDP and H1299/DDP cells. As4S4 was capable of sensitizing A549/DDP cells to DDP by enhancing apoptosis. As4S4 upregulated p53 expression and downregulated PD‐L1 expression in A549/DDP cells. As4S4 increased miR‐34a‐5p level in A549/DDP cells. Inhibition of p53 by PFT‐α partially restored the levels of PD‐L1 and miR‐34a‐5p. Pretreatment with PFT‐α suppressed the apoptosis rate induced by cotreatment of As4S4 and DDP in A549/DDP cells. Cotreatment of DDP and As4S4 notably reduced the tumor size when compared with DDP treatment alone in vivo. Conclusions Upregulation of PD‐L1 was correlated with DDP resistance in NSCLC cells. Mechanistic analyses indicated that As4S4 might sensitize NSCLC cells to DDP through targeting p53/miR‐34a‐5p/PD‐L1 axis.

Abstract Objective This study investigated the feasibility of predicting the expression levels of Ki-67 in breast cancer using ultrasonographic findings and clinical features. Methods Fifty-eight breast cancer patients, with 82 lesions confirmed by surgical pathology, were selected retrospectively for this study. Conventional ultrasound examination and elastography examination were performed before surgery. Clinical features (age, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 expression levels), ultrasonographic findings, and elastography scores, including the maximum size, location, number, margin, borderline, blood flow, and elastography score of the mass, were collected. The expression of Ki-67 was recorded using immunohistochemical staining, and the patients were divided into a high (≥ 20%) expression group and a low ( 0.05). Multiple factor regression analysis showed that a large mass and a mass with a rich blood flow had an independent predictive value for Ki-67. When the diameter was > 21.5 mm, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 91.9% and 71.3%, respectively. The expression level of Ki-67 was negatively correlated with that of ER. Conclusion The tumor size and blood flow of breast cancer is correlated with the expression level of Ki-67 and, thus, it could be used to predict the expression level of Ki-67 in ultrasound diagnosis. The margin condition and the expression level of ER of an ultrasonic mass could also indirectly reflect the Ki-67 expression level of the mass.

Objective To compare the safety and effectiveness of robot‐assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (Mis‐TLIF) and oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) for the treatment of single‐level lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (LDS). Methods This is a retrospective study. Between April 2018 and April 2020, a total of 61 patients with single‐level lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis and treated with robot‐assisted OLIF (28 cases, 16 females, 12 males, mean age 50.4 years) or robot‐assisted Mis‐TLIF (33 cases, 18 females, 15 males, mean age 53.6 years) were enrolled and evaluated. All the pedicle screws were implanted percutaneously assisted by the TiRobot system. Surgical data included the operation time, blood loss, and length of postoperative hospital stay. The clinical and functional outcomes included Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Visual Analog scores (VAS) for back and leg pain, complication, and patient's satisfaction. Radiographic outcomes include pedicle screw accuracy, fusion status, and disc height. These data were collected before surgery, at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively. Results There were no significantly different results in preoperative measurement between the two groups. There was significantly less blood loss (142.4 ± 89.4 vs 291.5 ± 72.3 mL, P

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy between robot‐assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF) and traditional open TLIF surgery in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 48 cases with lumbar spondylolisthesis who received surgical treatment from June 2016 to December 2017 in the spinal surgery department of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were analyzed in this study, including 23 patients who received robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF and 25 patients who received traditional open TLIF surgery. The two groups were compared in terms of pedicle screw accuracy evaluated by Gertzbein‐Robbins classification on postoperative computed tomography (CT), operation time, blood loss, postoperative drainage, hospitalization, time to independent ambulation, low back pain evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS), lumbar function evaluated by Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), paraspinal muscles atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and complications. Results Postoperative CT showed that the rate of Grade A screws in the robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF group was significantly more than that in the open surgery group (χ2 = 4.698, P = 0.025). Compared with the open surgery group, the robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF group had significantly less intraoperative blood loss, less postoperative drainage, shorter hospitalization, shorter time to independent ambulation, and lower VAS at 3 days post‐operation (P

Lower Carboniferous Tianeping Formation shale is a new shale gas exploration bed in Linayuan Sag of Xiangzhong Depression.Based on the filed geological investigation, shale gas drilling wells, sample collection and laboratory analysis, the shale gas accumulation conditions of Carboniferous Tianeping Formation in the sag were discussed in this paper, such as distribution characteristics, geochemical characteristics, reservoir characteristics and gas content.The results show that the total organic content of the shale is high and distributed from 0.78% to 2.84%.The organic matter types are mainly type Ⅱ1.The thermal evolution degree of the shale is mainly in high mature with the range of 1.48%-2.09%.The shale composition is mainly quartz and clay minerals which are mainly composed of illite/smectite, illite, and chlorite.The pore of organic matter is more developed in mud shale.The porosity and permeability of shale are 2.43% and 0.285×10-3 μm2 in average respectively, but the permeability of most of the samples is less than 0.1×10-3 μm2.The gas content of shale of Tianeping Formation in Well Xiangxindi 4 ranges from 1.64 m3/t to 4.29 m3/t, with an average of 2.69 m3/t (without residual gas).Combining with the regional sedimentary-tectonic background, we suggest the sedimentary environment and structural preservation conditions are the main controlling factors of shale gas accumulation conditions of Lower Carboniferous Tianeping Formation in Lianyuan Sag.The basin facies are the favorable facies belt for shale gas, and the syncline formed by the hedge structural style under the complex structural background is the most favorable for the preservation conditions of shale gas, which is the sweet spot area for shale gas exploration in the study area.The research results can provide reference for subsequent oil and gas exploration in this area.

A number of studies indicate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play paramount roles in regulating the biological behavior of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of circMELK in GBM. Real-time PCRs were used to examine the expression of circMELK in glioma tissues and normal brain tissues (NBTs). Localization of circMELK in GBM cells was estimated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Transwell migration and three-dimensional invasion assays were performed to examine glioma cell migration and invasion in vitro. Spheroid formation, clonogenicity, and cell viability assays were implemented to test the stemness of glioma stem cells (GSCs). The functions of circMELK in vivo were investigated in a xenograft nude-mouse model. We have proved that circMELK functions as a sponge for tumor suppressor microRNA-593 (miR-593) by RNA immunoprecipitation and circRNA precipitation assays, which targets the oncogenic gene Eph receptor B2 (EphB2). Dual-luciferase reporter assays were adopted to estimate the interactions between miR-593 and circMELK or EphB2. We demonstrated that circMELK was upregulated in GBM, acting as an oncogene and regulating GBM mesenchymal transition and GSC maintenance via sponging of miR-593. Furthermore, we found that EphB2 was involved in circMELK/miR-593 axis-induced GBM tumorigenesis. This function opens the opportunity for the development of a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of gliomas.

Abstract Newly analysed titanomagnetite–ilmenite (Tim–Ilm) intergrowths from Martian nakhlite meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 5790 yielded crystallisation temperature up to 1032 °C and oxygen fugacity (fO2) up to ΔQFM + 1.6, notably higher than previous estimates for nakhlite magmas (temperature

Magnification endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) technology is widely used in the early diagnosis of precancerous lesions and gastric cancer, which is critical to reducing the incidence of gastric cancer and improving the survival rate of gastric cancer patients. The diagnosis based on ME-NBI image is mostly in manual way in clinics. In order to improve its objectivity and efficiency, here we proposed a lightweight attention mechanism deep learning model to automatically classify ME-NBI images for artificial intelligence (AI) diagnosis of early gastric cancer, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and non-neoplasm. We collected 4,098 images from 990 patients for model training and validation and evaluated the performance of our model by comparisons with that of other models, such as the benchmark model. An additional 587 images from 296 patients were collected as an independent test set to further evaluate our method’s performance. The validation set showed that the overall accuracy, recall, precision, F1 score, and the area under the curve of our method were higher than those of other methods. The independent test set showed that our method achieved state-of-the-art classification for low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (accuracy = 93.9%, sensitivity = 92.6%). Our method displayed the advantages of lightweight and high effectiveness in classifying effectiveness, which is the potential for AI diagnosis of early gastric cancer, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and non-neoplasm.

Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is originally an oral opportunistic pathogen and accumulating evidence links the presence of F. nucleatum with the pathogenicity, development, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, only limited preliminary data is available dealing with the role of F. nucleatum in other malignancies except for CRC. The present review aims to update and systematize the latest information about the mechanisms of F. nucleatum-mediating carcinogenesis, together with the detection rates, clinicopathological, and molecular features in F. nucleatum-associated malignancies. Comparing with adjacent non-tumorous tissue, previous studies have shown an overabundance of intratumoural F. nucleatum. Although the prognostic role of F. nucleatum is still controversial, a higher prevalence of F. nucleatum was usually associated with a more advanced tumor stage and a worse overall survival. Preliminary evidence have shown that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and relevant inflammation and immune response aroused by F. nucleatum may be the probable link between F. nucleatum infection and the initiation of oral/head and neck cancer. Further studies are needed to elucidate the etiologic role of the specific microbiota and the connection between the extent of periodontitis and carcinogenesis in different tumor types. The mechanisms of how the antibiotics exerts the critical role in the carcinogenesis and antitumor effects in malignancies other than CRC need to be further explored.

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published in Journal of Hydrology, Volume 610, July 2022, 127955, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127955. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn.The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.

Water bodies extraction is important in water resource utilization and flood prevention and mitigation. Remote sensing images contain rich information, but due to the complex spatial background features and noise interference, problems such as inaccurate tributary extraction and inaccurate segmentation occur when extracting water bodies. Recently, using a convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract water bodies is gradually becoming popular. However, the local property of CNN limits the extraction of global information, while Transformer, using a self-attention mechanism, has great potential in modeling global information. This paper proposes the MU-Net, a hybrid MixFormer architecture, as a novel method for automatically extracting water bodies. First, the MixFormer block is embedded into Unet. The combination of CNN and MixFormer is used to model the local spatial detail information and global contextual information of the image to improve the ability of the network to capture semantic features of the water body. Then, the features generated by the encoder are refined by the attention mechanism module to suppress the interference of image background noise and non-water body features, which further improves the accuracy of water body extraction. The experiments show that our method has higher segmentation accuracy and robust performance compared with the mainstream CNN- and Transformer-based semantic segmentation networks. The proposed MU-Net achieves 90.25% and 76.52% IoU on the GID and LoveDA datasets, respectively. The experimental results also validate the potential of MixFormer in water extraction studies.

The world’s largest macroalgae bloom (also known as green tide) has been reported since the 29th Olympic Games in 2008, which is verified as the fast reproduction of floating green macroalgae (Ulva prolifera). It is helpful to assess the biomass of macroalgae for the government of marine environment protection. In this study, the synchronization cruise experiment was firstly introduced, which aimed to investigate the biomass evaluation of Ulva prolifera in the Yellow Sea of China. The Floating Algae Index by Polarimetric SAR image (FAIPS) was then proposed. Finally, the floating algae biomass evaluation model was demonstrated and verified, which showed an exponential relationship between FAIPS and wet biomass per area (kg/m2) of macroalgae. The model proposed in this paper can be used in the biomass assessment of floating algae in the presence of polarimetric SAR images, regardless of daylight and cloud coverage over the sea surface.

Vision-based identification of lane area and lane marking on the road is an indispensable function for intelligent driving vehicles, especially for localization, mapping and planning tasks. However, due to the increasing complexity of traffic scenes, such as occlusion and discontinuity, detecting lanes and lane markings from an image captured by a monocular camera becomes persistently challenging. The lanes and lane markings have a strong position correlation and are constrained by a spatial geometry prior to the driving scene. Most existing studies only explore a single task, i.e., either lane marking or lane detection, and do not consider the inherent connection or exploit the modeling of this kind of relationship between both elements to improve the detection performance of both tasks. In this paper, we establish a novel multi-task encoder–decoder framework for the simultaneous detection of lanes and lane markings. This approach deploys a dual-branch architecture to extract image information from different scales. By revealing the spatial constraints between lanes and lane markings, we propose an interactive attention learning for their feature information, which involves a Deformable Feature Fusion module for feature encoding, a Cross-Context module as information decoder, a Cross-IoU loss and a Focal-style loss weighting for robust training. Without bells and whistles, our method achieves state-of-the-art results on tasks of lane marking detection (with 32.53% on IoU, 81.61% on accuracy) and lane segmentation (with 91.72% on mIoU) of the BDD100K dataset, which showcases an improvement of 6.33% on IoU, 11.11% on accuracy in lane marking detection and 0.22% on mIoU in lane detection compared to the previous methods.

The purpose of this study is to develop an automated method for identifying the menarche status of adolescents based on EOS radiographs. We designed a deep-learning-based algorithm that contains a region of interest detection network and a classification network. The algorithm was trained and tested on a retrospective dataset of 738 adolescent EOS cases using a five-fold cross-validation strategy and was subsequently tested on a clinical validation set of 259 adolescent EOS cases. On the clinical validation set, our algorithm achieved accuracy of 0.942, macro precision of 0.933, macro recall of 0.938, and a macro F1-score of 0.935. The algorithm showed almost perfect performance in distinguishing between males and females, with the main classification errors found in females aged 12 to 14 years. Specifically for females, the algorithm had accuracy of 0.910, sensitivity of 0.943, and specificity of 0.855 in estimating menarche status, with an area under the curve of 0.959. The kappa value of the algorithm, in comparison to the actual situation, was 0.806, indicating strong agreement between the algorithm and the real-world scenario. This method can efficiently analyze EOS radiographs and identify the menarche status of adolescents. It is expected to become a routine clinical tool and provide references for doctors’ decisions under specific clinical conditions.

Precipitation nowcasting is an important tool for economic and social services, especially for forecasting severe weather. The crucial and challenging part of radar echo image prediction is the focus of radar-based precipitation nowcasting. Recently, a number of deep learning models have been designed to solve the problem of extrapolating radar images. Although these methods can generate better results than traditional extrapolation methods, the issue of error accumulation in precipitation forecasting is exacerbated by using only the mean square error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) as loss functions. In this paper, we approach the problem from the perspective of the loss function and propose dynamic weight loss (DWL), a simple but effective loss function for radar echo extrapolation. The method adds model self-adjusted dynamic weights to the weighted loss function and structural similarity index measures. Radar echo extrapolation experiments are performed on four models, ConvLSTM, ConvGRU, PredRNN, and PredRNN++. Radar reflectivity is predicted using Nanjing University C-band Polarimetric (NJU-CPOL) weather radar data. The quantitative statistics show that using the DWL method reduces the MAE of the four models by up to 10.61%, 5.31%, 14.8%, and 13.63%, respectively, over a 1 h prediction period. The results show that the DWL approach is effective in reducing the accumulation of errors over time, improving the predictive performance of currently popular deep learning models.

Electronic equipment, including phased array radars, satellites, high-performance computers, etc., has been widely used in military and civilian fields. Its importance and significance are self-evident. Electronic equipment has many small components, various functions, and complex structures, making assembly an essential step in the manufacturing process of electronic equipment. In recent years, the traditional assembly methods have had difficulty meeting the increasingly complex assembly needs of military and civilian electronic equipment. With the rapid development of Industry 4.0, emerging intelligent assembly technology is replacing the original “semi-automatic” assembly technology. Aiming at the assembly requirements of small electronic equipment, we first evaluate the existing problems and technical difficulties. Then, we analyze the intelligent assembly technology of electronic equipment from three aspects: visual positioning, path and trajectory planning, and force–position coordination control technology. Further, we describe and summarize the research status and the application of the technology and discuss possible future research directions in the intelligent assembly technology of small electronic equipment.

The classification of land use information is important for land resource management. With the purpose of extracting precise spatial information, we present a novel land use classification model based on a mixed attention module and adjustable feature enhancement layer (MAAFEU-net). Our unique design, the mixed attention module, allows the model to concentrate on target-specific discriminative features and capture class-related features within different land use types. In addition, an adjustable feature enhancement layer is proposed to further enhance the classification ability of similar types. We assess the performance of this model using the publicly available GID dataset and the self-built Gwadar dataset. Six semantic segmentation deep networks are used for comparison. The experimental results show that the F1 score of MAAFEU-net is 2.16% and 2.3% higher than the next model and that MIoU is 3.15% and 3.62% higher than the next model. The results of the ablation experiments show that the mixed attention module improves the MIoU by 5.83% and the addition of the adjustable feature enhancement layer can further improve it by 5.58%. Both structures effectively improve the accuracy of the overall land use classification. The validation results show that MAAFEU-net can obtain land use classification images with high precision.

The future development of power grid puts forward the requirement of unified network for all the communication services in smart substation.In order to meet the different quality of service (QoS) requirements of various communication services, as well as ensure the real-time and reliability of key services when the network congestion occurs, a priority scheme and its queue scheduling method for the smart substation was proposed.The priorities of the communication services in the smart substation were assigned considering the delay requirements, the importance to power grid operation control, and the traffic of the communication services.The queue scheduling algorithm of hierarchical deficit weighted round robin (HDWRR), combining the advantages of strict priority queue (SPQ) algorithm and deficit weight round robin (DWRR) algorithm, was designed for the proposed priority scheme.The simulation results show that the proposed method has isolation ability for malicious traffic, and can ensure the real-time and reliable transmission of key services in smart substation once the network is congested.

Sweet cherry is one of the most popular fresh fruits in the world. Previously, we isolated a soilborne dark septate endophyte (DSE) strain, S16, which promoted the growth of Gisela 5 sweet cherry rootstock. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of the effect of S16 on the growth of sweet cherry. In this study, the physiological parameters and transcript profiles of sweet cherry roots were analyzed under S16 treatment compared with a control to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the effect of this strain on sweet cherry growth. After inoculation with S16, sweet cherry seedlings exhibited more vigorous growth. Moreover, we identified 4249 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between S16-treated plants and the control. Many of the DEGs are involved in pathways related to plant growth, such as cellular metabolic and plant hormone pathways. Additionally, some genes involved in nitrate regulation were also enriched; and these genes may be involved in the regulation of nitrate uptake in plants. Physiological index detection demonstrated that S16 could improve the nitrate assimilation of sweet cherry via NO3− transporters. This RNA-seq dataset provides comprehensive insight into the transcriptomic landscape to reveal the molecular mechanisms whereby the DSE influences the growth of sweet cherry.

Abstract Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant complication after joint arthroplasty. Diabetes is related to a few changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis that may lead to thrombophilia. We aimed to investigate the incidence of postoperative VTE and associated risk factors among patients with diabetes undergoing total hip (THA) or total knee anthroplasty (TKA) in a single centre in China. Methods Patients with diabetes who underwent THA or TKA from January 2016 to December 2018 (n = 400) at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were recruited in this study. Lower limb venous Doppler ultrasound was performed before and after surgery to confirm deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Computer tomography pulmonary angiography was done to confirm pulmonary embolism (PE) for those with new postoperative DVT and typical symptoms of PE. A multivariate logistic regression model was conducted to examine factors associated with the development of postoperative VTE. Results The overall incidence of postoperative VTE in patients with diabetes after THA or TKA was 46.8 % (187 out of 400). Among the 187 VTE patients, 7.5 % (14 out of 187) had proximal vein thrombosis and 92.5 % (173 out of 187) had distal vein thrombosis. No PE occurred. Female patients and patients undergoing TKA had higher incidence of postoperative VTE. Patients who developed postoperative VTE were older, and had higher levels of preoperative D-Dimer and Caprini score. A high level of preoperative D-dimer (OR = 2.11, 95 %CI = 1.35–3.30) and the surgery of TKA (OR = 2.29, 95 %CI = 1.29–4.01) significantly increased the risk of developing postoperative VTE. Postoperative initiation of concomitant mechanical prophylaxis and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was protective for postoperative VTE (OR = 0.56, 95 %CI = 0.37–0.86). Conclusions VTE is common in patients with diabetes undergoing joint arthroplasty. Patients undergoing TKA or with a high level of preoperative D-dimer are at a considerable risk of developing postoperative VTE. There may be a protective role of postoperative initiation of concomitant mechanical prophylaxis and LMWH for VTE.

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is an extremely contagious respiratory virus causing adult atypical pneumonia COVID-19 with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). SARS-CoV-2 has a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA (+RNA) genome of ~ 29.9 kb and exhibits significant genetic shift from different isolates. After entering the susceptible cells expressing both ACE2 and TMPRSS2, the SARS-CoV-2 genome directly functions as an mRNA to translate two polyproteins from the ORF1a and ORF1b region, which are cleaved by two viral proteases into sixteen non-structural proteins (nsp1-16) to initiate viral genome replication and transcription. The SARS-CoV-2 genome also encodes four structural (S, E, M and N) and up to six accessory (3a, 6, 7a, 7b, 8, and 9b) proteins, but their translation requires newly synthesized individual subgenomic RNAs (sgRNA) in the infected cells. Synthesis of the full-length viral genomic RNA (gRNA) and sgRNAs are conducted inside double-membrane vesicles (DMVs) by the viral replication and transcription complex (RTC), which comprises nsp7, nsp8, nsp9, nsp12, nsp13 and a short RNA primer. To produce sgRNAs, RTC starts RNA synthesis from the highly structured gRNA 3' end and switches template at various transcription regulatory sequence (TRSB) sites along the gRNA body probably mediated by a long-distance RNA–RNA interaction. The TRS motif in the gRNA 5' leader (TRSL) is responsible for the RNA–RNA interaction with the TRSB upstream of each ORF and skipping of the viral genome in between them to produce individual sgRNAs. Abundance of individual sgRNAs and viral gRNA synthesized in the infected cells depend on the location and read-through efficiency of each TRSB. Although more studies are needed, the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has taught the world a painful lesson that is to invest and proactively prepare future emergence of other types of coronaviruses and any other possible biological horrors.

Abstract Developing highly efficient magnetic microwave absorbers (MAs) is crucial, and yet challenging for anti-corrosion properties in extremely humid and salt-induced foggy environments. Herein, a dual-oxide shell of ZnO/Al2O3 as a robust barrier to FeSiAl core is introduced to mitigate corrosion resistance. The FeSiAl@ZnO@Al2O3 layer by layer hybrid structure is realized with atomic-scale precision through the atomic layer deposition technique. Owing to the unique hybrid structure, the FeSiAl@ZnO@Al2O3 exhibits record-high microwave absorbing performance in low-frequency bands covering L and S bands with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -50.6 dB at 3.4 GHz. Compared with pure FeSiAl (RLmin of -13.5 dB, a bandwidth of 0.5 GHz), the RLmin value and effective bandwidth of this designed novel absorber increased up to ~ 3.7 and ~ 3 times, respectively. Furthermore, the inert ceramic dual-shells have improved 9.0 times the anti-corrosion property of FeSiAl core by multistage barriers towards corrosive medium and obstruction of the electric circuit. This is attributed to the large charge transfer resistance, increased impedance modulus |Z|0.01 Hz, and frequency time constant of FeSiAl@ZnO@Al2O3. The research demonstrates a promising platform toward the design of next-generation MAs with improved anti-corrosion properties.

HYD-PEP06, an endostatin-modified polypeptide, has been shown to produce effective anti-colorectal carcinoma effects through inhibiting epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, whether HYD-PEP06 has similar suppressive effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remained unknown. In this study, HYD-PEP06 inhibited metastasis and EMT but not proliferation in vitro. Cignal finder pathway reporter array and Western blot analysis revealed that HYD-PEP06 suppressed HCCLM3 cell metastasis and EMT by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway. Moreover, HYD-PEP06 exerted anti-metastasis effects in HepG2 cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) via suppressing the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Finally, in HCCLM3 tumor-bearing BALB/c nu/nu nude mice, HYD-PEP06 substantially suppressed tumor growth, lung metastasis and HCC progress. Our results suggest that HYD-PEP06 inhibits the metastasis and EMT of HCC and CSCs as well, and thus has the potential as an agent for HCC treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effects of early ambulation on elderly patients’ postoperative physical functional outcomes, complications, 90‐day readmission rate, and the length of postoperative hospital stay. Methods This is a prospective cohort study conducted between June 2019 and December 2019. The study enrolled 86 elderly patients (39 males) with newly diagnosed lumbar degenerative disease undergoing single‐segment decompression and fusion surgerywere enrolled. Of all 86 patients, 39 voluntarily joined the early ambulation group, and 47 joined the regular ambulation group. The early ambulation group included patients ambulated within 4 h postoperatively, whereas the regular ambulation group included patients who were ambulatory at a minimum of 24 h after surgery. Participants’ baseline characteristics, surgical information, ambulation ability, degree of pain, functional scores, postoperative complications, 90‐day readmission rate, and length of postoperative hospital stay were recorded. Results Participants’ baseline demographic characteristics were balanced between the early ambulation group and the regular ambulation group. The operative time and blood loss were similar between groups. The time before the first‐time ambulation was 4 ± 0.5 h in the early ambulation group and 28 ± 4.5 h in the regular ambulation group. Ambulating distance was significantly longer in the early ambulation group compared with the regular ambulation group on the 1st (63 ± 45 vs 23 ± 60 m), the 2nd (224 ± 100 vs 101 ± 130 m), and the 3rd (280 ± 102.5 vs 190 ± 170 m) ambulation days based on generalized estimating equation analyses. Generalized estimating equation analyses also demonstrated that the ambulating time was longer in the early ambulation group compared with the regular ambulation group on the 1st (10 ± 5 vs 10 ± 5 min), the 2nd (19 ± 7 vs 15 ± 5 min), and the 3rd (22 ± 16.5 vs 27 ± 12 min) ambulation days. Patients in the regular ambulation group experienced a higher degree of pain than the early ambulation group patients, with an odds ratio of 1.627 (P = 0.002). Short‐term functional independence was superior in the early ambulation group, with a lower Roland–Morris disability questionnaire score (P = 0.008) and Oswestry disability index (P

The tumor suppressor p53 is critical for the maintenance of genome stability and protection against tumor malignant transformation, and its homeostasis is usually regulated by ubiquitination. MDM2 is a major E3 ligase of p53 ubiquitination, and its activity is enhanced by TRIM28. TRIM28 also independently ubiquitinates p53 as an E3 ligase activated by MAGE-C2. Moreover, MAGE-C2 is highly expressed in various cancers, but the detailed mechanisms of MAGE-C2 involved in MDM2/TRIM28-mediated p53 ubiquitination remain unknown. Here, we found that MAGE-C2 directly interacts with MDM2 through its conserved MHD domain to inhibit the activity of MDM2 on p53 ubiquitination. Furthermore, TRIM28 acts as an MAGE-C2 binding partner and directly competes with MAGE-C2 for MDM2 interaction, thus releasing the inhibitory role of MAGE-C2 and promoting p53 ubiquitination. MAGE-C2 suppresses cell proliferation in TRIM28-deficient cells, but the overexpression of TRIM28 antagonizes the inhibitory role of MAGE-C2 and accumulates p53 ubiquitination to promote cell proliferation. This study clarified the molecular link of MAGE-C2 in two major E3 systems MDM2 and TRIM28 on p53 ubiquitination. Our results revealed the molecular function of how MAGE-C2 and TRIM28 contribute to p53 ubiquitination and cell proliferation, in which MAGE-C2 acts as a potential inhibitor of MDM2 and TRIM28 is a vital regulator for MAGE-C2 function in p53 protein level and cell proliferation. This work would be helpful to understand the regulation mechanism of tumor suppressor p53.

Heavy precipitation tends to cause mountain torrents, urban waterlogging and other disasters. It poses a serious threat to people’s life and property safety. Therefore, real-time quantitative precipitation estimation is especially important to keep track of precipitation changes and reduce negative impacts. However, high-resolution and high-accuracy quantitative precipitation estimation is a challenging task due to the complex spatial and temporal variability of microphysics in precipitation processes. Previous studies have focused only on small-scale radar reflectivity factors above rain gauges and did not pay enough attention to the contribution of covariates to model performance. Meteorological and geographical factors play an important role in rain process, so these factors are taken into account during our research. In this study, a quantitative precipitation estimation model that can employ multi-scale radar reflectivity factors and fuse meteorological and geographical factors is proposed to further improve precipitation accuracy. In addition, we propose the muti-scale self-attention (MS-SA) module that can further utilize information at multiple spatial scales to improve the accurate precipitation estimation. The proposed model reduced the root mean square error of precipitation estimation by 83.8% compared to the conventional Z-R relationship that correlates the rainfall and radar reflectivity factors, i.e., Z=aRb, and by 43.7, 24.6, and 22.7% compared to the back propagation neural network (BPNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), and convolutional neural network with the addition of meteorological factors and geographical factors as covariates in the proposed model, respectively. Therefore, we can conclude that multi-scale radar reflectivity factors fused with meteorological and geographical factors can produce more accurate precipitation estimation.

Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (SZS) is the dry mature seed of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou and a traditional Chinese medicine that can treat insomnia. The quality of SZS can be affected by environmental factors that in turn impact clinical effects. Zhao et al. (2021) recently analysed the distribution pattern of Z. jujuba since the last interglacial period. In our study, the active ingredients spinosa and jujuboside A were examined to further study the influence of predicted future climate on the quality of SZS. Our study showed that the quality of SZS is correlated with ecological conditions. Areas with high-quality SZS are mainly concentrated in Hebei and Shandong. Under RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5 conditions, the area suitable for SZS decreased, and some high-suitability areas became areas of poor suitability.

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is distinguished from other HDACs by its ability to deacetylate α-tubulin and HSP90, and was reported to be related to a variety of human diseases, such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and immunological disorders. The discovery of novel HDAC6 selective inhibitors is important directions of this research field. In this paper, on the basis of a Bcl-2/HDAC6 dual target inhibitor 7g reported by us previously, a novel type of HDAC6 inhibitors was obtained by removing the binding capability to Bcl-2 protein and the subsequent systematical optimization. Among them, compounds Ⅵ-9, Ⅵ-10 and Ⅵ-11 (IC50 = 3.2 ∼ 3.9 nM, SI = 20.6 ∼ 38.7) showed the best inhibitory activities against and excellent selectivity to HDAC6. These compounds displayed growth inhibitory selectivity to human multiple myeloma cell line over normal cell line, which indicated potential lower toxicity to normal cells and tissues.

Evidence has demonstrated that enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) play a vital role in the progression and prognosis of cancers, but few studies have focused on the prognostic ability of eRNA-regulated genes (eRGs) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using gene expression profiles of HCC patients from the TCGA-LIHC and eRNA expression profiles from the enhancer RNA in cancers (eRic) data portal, we developed a novel and robust prognostic signature composed of 10 eRGs based on Lasso-penalized Cox regression analysis. According to the signature, HCC patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups, which have been shown to have significant differences in tumor immune microenvironment, immune checkpoints, HLA-related genes, DNA damage repair-related genes, Gene-set variation analysis (GSVA), and the lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Sorafenib. The prognostic nomogram combining the signature, age, and TNM stage had good predictive ability in the training set (TCGA-LIHC) with the concordance index (C-index) of 0.73 and the AUCs for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS of 0.82, 0.77, 0.74, respectively. In external validation set (GSE14520), the nomogram also performed well with the C-index of 0.71 and the AUCs for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS of 0.74, 0.77, 0.74, respectively. In addition, an important eRG (AKR1C3) was validated using two HCC cell lines (Huh7 and MHCC-LM3) in vitro, and the results demonstrated the overexpression of AKR1C3 is related to cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC. Altogether, our eRGs signature and nomogram can predict prognosis accurately and conveniently, facilitate individualized treatment, and improve prognosis for HCC patients.

For photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, the utilization of semiconductor heterojunctions as building blocks for photoanodes allows for high light absorption, effective charge separation, and superior redox capability, greatly boosting the solar energy conversion efficiency. This review mainly focuses on the construction of heterojunction photoanodes, improvement strategies of carrier transmission, and their application in PEC water splitting. First, a series of carrier dynamics characterization methods are introduced to reveal the principle and significance of promoting carrier transport in heterojunctions. Then, from the perspective of the mechanism of promoting the separation and transport of charge carriers, several strategies are summarized and analyzed, including the micro/nanostructure, energy band structure, photothermal effect, piezoelectric effect, pyroelectric effect, ferroelectric effect, and intermediate layer. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for heterojunction photoanodes in PEC reactions are explained clearly, which points the way forward for the development of heterojunctions.

Objective To investigate the surgical strategy, safety, and efficacy of close reduction and robot‐aided minimally invasive lumbopelvic fixation in treatment of traumatic spinopelvic dissociation. Methods Data of 32 patients (21 males and 11 females) with traumatic spinopelvic dissociation treated by lumbopelvic fixation with robot‐aided minimally invasive technique or conventional open procedure in our institution from March 2010 to April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and divided into robot group and control group. Intraoperative blood loss, surgical time, fluoroscopy frequency, total drilling times, infection rate, hospitalization time, and sacral fracture healing time were reviewed. Radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans were totally acquired to evaluate the reduction quality, residual fracture displacement, and Gras classification on screws insertion after surgery. According to the Majeed scoring system, functional outcome was assessed for each patient at the final follow‐up. Results There were 12 patients in the robot group and 20 patients in the control group with no significant difference about the demographic data. The average surgical time was 148.3 ± 40.5 min with intraoperative blood loss of 142.5±36.7 mL in the robot group and 185.0 ± 47.8 min with 612.5 ± 182.7 mL in the control group (P = 0.034, P = 0.000). The robot group had a shorter mean hospitalization time at 19.9 ± 7.0 days compared to the control group with 28.6 ± 5.4 days (P = 0.010). The fluoroscopy frequency was 35.4 ± 3.0 in the robot group and 45.5 ± 3.6 in the control group (P = 0.000) and total drilling times were 7.1 ± 1.1 and 9.6 ± 1.3 (P = 0.000), respectively. The infection rate was 0% (0/12) in the robot group and 15% (3/20) in the control group (P = 0.159). According to the Gras classification on screw positioning, there were 11 cases in Grade I and 1 case in Grade II in the robot group, and 14 cases in Grade I and 6 cases in Grade II in the control group. All the patients were followed up consecutively for at least 12 months, with an average follow‐up period of 17.1 ± 3.6 months. All sacral fractures healed with an average time of 3.8 ± 0.6 months in the robot group and 4.7 ± 0.7 months in the control group (P = 0.000). According to Majeed functional assessment investigation, the mean score of the patients was 87.2 ± 4.0 in the robot group and 83.1 ± 4.5 in the control group (P = 0.015). Conclusions Robot‐aided minimally invasive lumbopelvic fixation for traumatic spinopelvic dissociation is a safe and feasible option with advantages of less intraoperative blood loss, less radiation damage, less hospitalization time, and better functional outcome.

Abstract Background Elderly patients who experience hip fractures often become bedridden and are at risk of developing lower respiratory tract infections. The current study was to investigate the etiology and bacterial drug resistance patterns of elderly patients with hip fractures and lower respiratory tract infections on prolonged bedridden time and to determine their prognosis. Methods Patients diagnosed with hip fractures admitted from May 2015 to April 2017 were included. The basic characteristics including the patients’ gender, age, fracture type, operation mode, bedridden duration, length of hospital stay, prognosis, past medical history, routine bloodwork, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), blood biochemistry, blood gas analysis, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C%), sputum smear, sputum culture, and anti-infection and related therapy were recorded. All patients were classified into three groups based on bed rest duration, including short-term ( 12 months). The correlation between the bedridden time and the patients’ basic characteristics, disease history, laboratory examination results, pathogen, anti-infection, and related therapy were evaluated. The risk factors related to the prognosis of the disease were investigated. Results Prolonged bed rest in patients led to an increase in hospitalization time, mortality rates, and decreased serum albumin levels (P < 0.05). Sputum bacteriological culture results showed that, with bed rest prolongation, the proportion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungal infections increased. Binomial logistic regression of pulmonary infection prognosis, glucocorticoid use during the anti-infective period, prolonged bedridden time, and serum albumin level showed that intravenous use of glucocorticoid during anti-infective treatment, bed rest > 1 year, and low serum albumin level were related to poor prognosis. Conclusion Elderly hip fracture patients with prolonged bedridden time had an increased chance of opportunistic pulmonary infection and decreased nutritional status. Glucocorticoids should be used cautiously.

Objective Lumbar spondylolisthesis (LS) is a common lumbar disease, and the prevalence of LS in different countries or regions was not consistent in the past. This study intends to make statistics on the prevalence of lumbar spondylolisthesis in middle‐aged people in Beijing community. Methods This is an epidemiological study. 4548 people in Beijing community aged 50 to 64 years were recruited from the local communities by advertisements placed in housing estates and community centres for people to take part in a prospective cohort study from August from September 2013 to March 2014. There is no intervention on the subjects. RadiAnt DICOM Viewer is adopted to read the lateral CT positioning images of all the studied objects, adjust the image as bone window, observe and evaluate the slide of L1 to L5 vertebra in the lateral CT positioning image. Results Among the 4,548 subjects included in the study, 2,490 (54.75%) were male and 2,058 (45.25%) were female. A total of 785 subjects had lumbar spondylolisthesis, with a total incidence of 17.26%. There was no significant difference between prevalence of males and females in the subgroup 50‐54 years old (13.55% males / 12.53% females) and 55‐59 years old (14.77% males / 14.93% females). But the prevalence of LS in 60‐64 years old females (28.57%) increased significantly, compared with 55‐59 years old females (14.93%) and 60‐64 years old males (18.76%). There were 847 levels that had slipped, L5S1 > L4/5 > L3/4 > L2/3 > L1/2. The retrolisthesis was the most, accounting for 61.51% (521/847), and the anterolisthesis was 38.49% (326/847), including anterolisthesis gradeI for 95.71% (312/326), anterolisthesis gradeII for 4.29% (14/326). Neither of anterolisthesis and retrolisthesis presented more than grade III. Among all the subjects, 318 had anterolisthesis, with a total incidence of 6.99%, and 467 subjects only had retrolisthesis. Conclusion The total prevalence of LS in the middle‐aged people in Beijing community was 17.26%, 15.98% in males and 18.80% in females, and women are more likely to suffer from LS after 60 years old.

Abstract Background Synthetic biomaterials assist in modulating the vascular response in an injured bone by serving as delivery vehicles of pro-angiogenic molecules to the site of injury or by serving as mimetic platforms which offer support to cell growth and proliferation. Methods This study applied natural phospholipid modified protein technologies together with low temperature three-dimensional printing technology to develop a new model of three-dimensional artificial bone scaffold for potential use in repairing body injuries. The focus was to create a porous structure (PS) scaffold of two components, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Human Beta Defensin-3 (BMP2 and hBD3), which can synchronously realize directional bone induction, angiogenesis and postoperative antibacterial effects. BMP2 induces osteogenesis, whereas hBD3 is antibacterial. Results Our data showed that in the BMP2-hBD3-PS or hBD3-PS scaffolds, BMP2 had a slow-release rate of about 40% in 30 days, ensuring that BMP2 could penetrate into stem cells for osteogenic differentiation for a long time. The scaffolds promoted cell growth when in combination with BMP2, thus showing its importance in promoting cell growth. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) staining showed that the ALP content of BMP2-hBD3-PS and BMP2-PS had a significant increase in samples that contained BMP2, thus showing that these scaffolds promoted osteogenic differentiation. In all the constructs that had hBD3, they displayed antibacterial properties with hBD3, having a slow release of about 35% in 30 days, thus ensuring they provided protection. Conclusion Based on this study, the 3D printed BMP2 scaffolds show a great potential for the development of biodegradable bone implants. Level of evidence Level II, experimental comparative design.

Abstract Background For patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis, whether additional posterior fixation can further improve segmental alignment is unknown, compared with stand-alone cage insertion in oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) procedure. The aim of this study was to compare changes of the radiographical segmental alignment following stand-alone cage insertion and additional posterior fixation in the same procedure setting of OLIF for patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis. Methods A retrospective observational study. Selected consecutive patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis underwent OLIF procedure from July 2017 to August 2019. Five radiographic parameters of disc height (DH), DH-Anterior, DH-Posterior, slip ratio and segmental lordosis (SL) were measured on preoperative CT scans and intraoperative fluoroscopic images. Comparisons of those radiographic parameters prior to cage insertion, following cage insertion and following posterior fixation were performed. Results A total of thirty-three patients including six males and twenty-seven females, with an average age of 66.9 ± 8.7 years, were reviewed. Totally thirty-six slipped levels were assessed with thirty levels at L4/5, four at L3/4 and two at L2/3. Intraoperatively, with only anterior cage support, DH was increased from 8.2 ± 1.6 mm to 11.8 ± 1.7 mm (p

Cantilever workpieces are widely used in the aerospace field; they produce vibrations easily and affect machining quality under the action of external forces. Enhancing the stiffness of the workpiece using a robot as a fixture is an effective means to solve this problem. However, the vibration suppression effect of the clamping system depends on the dynamics performance of different configurations of the robot. Therefore, in order to obtain the optimal clamping robot configuration, the system dynamics model composed of automated guided vehicle (AGV)-robot-gripper-workpiece (ARGW) is established based on the transfer matrix method of the multibody system (MSTMM), and the vibration responses of the workpiece under different configurations are analyzed. Then, a robot configuration optimization method based on workpiece response was proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimization method is verified through simulations and experiments at different clamping robot configurations. The dynamics model and optimization method in this paper can be used to predict the workpiece vibration response and choose a reasonable clamping robot configuration, avoiding the reduction in workpiece machining quality due to the improper configuration of the clamping robot.