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The crystal structure of cadmium mercury thiocyanate [CdHg(SCN)4] is determined by means of a four circle diffractometer. The structural features and properties of the crystal are described. Blue-violet light output by frequency doubling of a 809 nm GaAlAs laser diode using a cadmium mercury thiocyanate crystal device that is 3 mm thick at the phase matching angle: θ=47.7°, φ=0°, is realized at room temperature with input power lower than 200 mW. A 404.5 nm light output power of 1.8 mW is also measured for a 576 mW input power of the GaAlAs laser diode.

To observe the effect of Zhongfengkang on the content of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in brain of focal cerebral ischemia rats.The model of focal cerebral ischemia was made by thread-blocking method. In comparison with the curative effect of buchangnaoxintong, the action of Zhongfengkang on infarct volume and the content of IGF-1 in brain of focal cerebral ischemia rats were observed in 6, 12, 24 h and 48 h after cerebral ischemia.As compared with sham operation group, the content of IGF-1 in brain of model group was gradually increased from 6th hour after cerebral ischemia, reaching to the maximal level at 24th hour after the onset of cerebral ischemia (P0.01). In comparison with the values in model group at the corresponding time points, the content of IGF-1 in brain of each treatment groups was increased in different extent with a maximal enhancement in the group treated by the high dose of Zhongfengkang (P0. 05 or P0.01); while the infarct volume of each treatment groups were decreased significantly (P0.05 or P0.01).Zhongfengkang could effectively protect the cerebral tissue from injury of focal cerebral ischemia in the rats through increasing the cerebral content of IGF-1 and reducing infarct volume.

To describe the current situation and trends of mean weight and height of the Chinese people.Subjects of 71,971 households from 31 provinces were selected by stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Height from 210 136 and weight from 202 749 subjects aged 2-79 years were used to describe their trends of development during 1992-2002. The height of children younger than 3 years of age was measured by infant height bed while the others were measured by metal height pole within 0.1 cm accuracy. Fasting body weight was measured to the nearest 0.1 kg.Data on the mean height (cm) of Chinese children aged 2, 6, 11, 17 years were gathered which include: 1) in urban area: boys as 90.1 (2y), 118.4 (6y), 144.9 (11y), 170.2 (17y); girls as: 89.0 (2y), 117.0 (6y), 145.8 (11y), 158.6 (17y); 2) in rural area:boys as 87.6 (2y), 113.1 (6y), 139.2 (11y), 166.3 (17y) while girls as 86.2 (2y), 112.9 (6y), 140.0 (11y), 157.0 (17y). When compared to the results from 1992, the average height increased among all age groups. The values of increase among different groups aged 2-5 years were seen as: 3.6 cm of boys in urban and 3.0 cm of boys in rural areas while 3.8 cm of girls in urban and 3.0 cm of girls in rural areas. Among the aged 6-19 year groups, the average increasing values of height were 3.1 cm, 3.4 cm, 2.8 cm and 3.1 cm of city boys, rural boys, city girls and rural girls, respectively versus adults as 0.7 cm, 0.9 cm, 0.6 cm and 1.0 cm, respectively. The mean weight (kg) of Chinese children aged 2, 6, 11, 17 years were listed as below: boys in urban area: 13.5 (2y), 22.2 (6y), 37.4 (11y), 58.7 (17y); girls in urban area: 12.7 (2y), 21.2 (6y), 36.7 (11y), 51.9 (17y); boys in rural area: 12.8 (2y), 19.4 (6y), 31.9 (11y), 54.9 (17y); girls in rural area: 11.9 (2y), 18.7 (6y), 31.8 (11y), 51.2 (17y). The average weights of all age groups on 2002 were all higher than their same age counterparts in 1992. The average increasing values of weight among children aged 2-5 years were 1.0 kg, 0.6 kg, 0.8 kg and 0.5 kg for city boys, rural boys, city girls and rural girls, respectively. Among the aged 6-19 year groups, they were 2.0 kg, 1.5 kg, 1.4 kg and 1.1 kg, while among the adults aged 20-70 years, they were 3.2 kg, 3.0 kg, 1.6 kg and 2.9 kg, respectively.Both mean weight and height had a remarkable increase and the physical status improved among all age groups for the last ten years.

In the title compound, [[K2Ni(C5O5)2(H2O)2].4H2O]n, the Ni atom lies on an inversion centre. Two inversion-related croconate [4,5-dihydroxy-4-cyclopentene-1,2,3-trionate(2-)] ligands and an Ni(II) ion form a near-planar symmetrical [Ni(C5O5)2]2- moiety. The near-square coordination centre of the moiety is then extended to an octahedral core by vertically bonding two water molecules in the [Ni(C5O5)2(H2O)2]2- coordination anion. The crystal structure is characterized by a three-dimensional network, involving strong K...O...K binding, K...O-Ni binding and hydrogen bonding.

In the title compound, (C7H10N)[Ca(C3H7NO)6][PMo12O40], two types of cations {viz. 1,4-di­methyl­pyridinium and a [Ca(DMF)6]2+ complex cation (DMF is di­methyl­form­amide)} and dodecamolybdophosphate (tetra­conta­oxo­phos­phido­dodeca­molybdate) anions form an infinite three-dimensional assembly via electrostatic forces.

The title compound, BBBT-DTT (C 17 H 12 Br 2 S 5 ), consists of one DMIT (4,5-dimercapto-1,3-dithiole-2-thione) and two p-bromobenzyl moieties. The molecular packing is characterized by S...S (head-to-head) and Br...Br (tail-to-tail) intermolecular interactions, with intermolecular distances S2...S2(-x, -y, 1-z) 3.36(1) and Br...Br(-2 -x, 1-y, -z) 3.68 (1)A.

The synthesis, structure, and fluorescence properties of a series of new donor-pi-acceptor (D-pi-A) type compounds, with a trivalent boron, protected by two mesityl groups, as acceptor, and with various typical donors and different pi-conjugated bridges, are reported. All these stable organoboron compounds show intense single-photon excited fluorescence (SPEF) and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) in a wide spectral range from blue to green, with the spectral peak position of the SPEF being basically the same as that of the TPEF. The remarkably strong Cbond;B(mesityl)(2) bonding, and the well-conjugated pi-system, shown in X-ray crystal structures of two compounds, indicate some charge transfer features of the ground state. Meanwhile, spectral data indicate that the charge transfer from donor to acceptor is greatly enhanced in the excited states. Based on typical structural data and comprehensive spectral data, the following structure-property relationships can be drawn: 1) the moderate arylamino donor can more effectively enhance the SPEF and TPEF intensities than can the strong alkylamino donor; 2) stilbene is a better pi-bridge than styrylthiophene for its capability of enhancing and blue-shifting the SPEF and TPEF of the corresponding D-pi-A compounds; and 3) when compared to its boron-free precursors and other analogues, -B(mesityl)(2) invariably and consistently acts as an effective SPEF and TPEF fluorophore in all this series of organoboron compounds, which may result from its strong pi-electron-withdrawing and charge transfer-inducing nature in the ground-state and, more dominantly, in the excited-state. Combining all the above positive structure factors, trans-4'-N,N-diphenylamino-4-dimesitylborylstilbene (compound 3) stands out as the optimized green SPEF and TPEF emitter. This compound exhibits an SPEF quantum yield Phi of 0.91 at 522 nm in THF, a TPEF cross-section sigma' that is an order of magnitude larger than that of its boron-free precursor upon excitation by 800 nm femto-second laser pulses, and a two-photon absorption section sigma of 3.0 x 10(-48) cm(4) s. In the blue light region, trans-4'-N-carbazolyl-4-dimesitylboryl-stilbene (compound 4) shows significant SPEF and TPEF properties, with Phi=0.79 at 464 nm in THF and a large sigma' value, which is five times that of fluorescein upon excitation by 740 nm femto-second laser pulses.

4,5-Propylenedithio-1,3-dithiole-2-thione, C6H6S5, (I), crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group P21/c. The molecular packing is characterized by pairs of S...S intermolecular contacts between neighbouring molecules, which may account for the rather high thermal stablity of the crystal. 4,5-Propylenedithio-1,3-dithiol-2-one, C6H6OS4, (II), in which an O atom replaces the terminal S atom of (I), crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric polar space group Cc. The packing pattern of (II) indicates that the macropolarization direction is along [101]. Although the packing patterns are qualitatively significantly different, the molecular structures of (I) and (II) are similar, each exhibiting a chair conformation.

The first polynitrile coordinated lanthanide complex ([Eu(cda)3(H2O)3].H2O) infinity (cda = carbamyldicyanomethanide anion) has been synthesized and the two-dimensional structure coordination polymer exhibits strong fluorescence emission and strong powder second harmonic generation efficiency (16.8 times that of urea).

The title compound, 3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one, C(17)H(17)NO(2), is a chalcone derivative substituted by 2'-hydroxyl and 4"-dimethylamino groups. The crystal structure indicates that the aniline and hydroxyphenyl groups are nearly coplanar, with a dihedral angle of 10.32 (16) degrees between their phenyl rings. The molecular planarity of this substituted chalcone is strongly affected by the 2'-hydroxyl group.

The Cd(II) ion in the title complex, [Cd(SCN)(2)[SC(NH(2))(2)](2)](infinity), is situated at a centre of symmetry, and is bound to two N atoms belonging to thiocyanate groups and to four S atoms of bridging thiourea ligands. The structure consists of infinite chains of slightly distorted edge-shared Cd-centred octahedra. The bridging S atoms of two thiourea ligands comprise the common edge. Some thermal properties are described.

The title complex, [MnHg(SCN)4(CH4N2O)3]n, consists of slightly distorted octahedral MnN3O3 and tetrahedral HgS4 units. The Mn(II) atom is coordinated by the O atoms of three urea molecules and by the N atoms of three SCN- ions; Hg(II) is coordinated by four S atoms from SCN- ions. Each pair of Mn(II) and Hg(II) atoms is connected by an -SCN- bridge, forming infinite two-dimensional -Mn-NCS-Hg- networks.

In the title complex, ¿[MnHg(SCN)(4)(H(2)O)(2)].2C(4)H(9)NO¿(n), each Mn atom is octahedrally coordinated to four equatorial thiocyanate N atoms and two axial water O atoms. The Mn atom and two O atoms lie on a twofold axis. Two kinds of crystallographically independent Hg atoms (denoted Hg1 and Hg2) are tetrahedrally coordinated with four thiocyanate S atoms and each Hg atom lies on a -4 axis. N,N-Dimethylacetamide molecules are connected to coordinated water molecules through hydrogen bonds. Each pair of Mn and Hg atoms is bridged via one thiocyanate ion. An Mn(2)Hg1Hg2(SCN)(4) 16-membered ring is formed as a unit and the four metal atoms are in a chair-form tetrahedral arrangement. The units are linked with one another and form infinite two-dimensional networks.

The crystal structure of the title compound, Na+·C3H2N3O3−·H2O, contains double chains of edge-shared distorted NaO6 octa­hedra propagating in the [100] direction. The double chains are linked by the isocyanurate anions.

In the title complex, [Cd(SCN)2(C4H8O2S)2]n, the CdII atom, on an inversion centre, is within a distorted N2S2O2 octa­hedron and the five-membered ring has a distorted envelope conformation. In the crystal structure, neighbouring Cd atoms are connected by –SCN– bridges, leading to the formation of an infinite three-dimensional –Cd–NCS–Cd– network.

In the title compound, C27H30S, the dihedral angle between the fluorene and benzene ring systems is 37.6 (5)°.

In the title compound, (C4H12N)2[Cu(C3S5)2], the CuII atom lies on a centre of inversion and is coordinated by four S atoms from two 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiol­ate ligands in a square-planar geometry.

In the title compound, (C7H10N)2[Zn(C3S5)2], the ZnII ion is located on a twofold axis and coordinated by four 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiol­ate S atoms with a distorted tetra­hedral geometry. The asymmetric unit contains two independent N-ethyl­pyridinium cations, each having mirror symmetry.

In the crystal structure of the title phospho­nium salt, C22H22O2P+·Br−·H2O, the triphenyl­phospho­sphonium group has three P—C bonds to phenyl rings which are equal within experimental error [mean 1.782 (3) A] The P atom is also attached directly to the C atom of a 1,3-dioxan-2-ylmethyl group with a longer P—C bond of 1.800 (3) A. The C—C bond of the dioxane ring [1.418 (5) A] is shorter than the normal bond distance. The asymmetric unit contains two bromide anions on twofold rotation axes to balance the charge of the cation.

C6H7ClN2O2, monoclinic, P121/n1 (no. 14), a = 4.9807(6) Å, b = 16.344(2) Å, c = 9.342(1) Å, β = 93.87(1)°, V = 758.7 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.028, wRref(F2) = 0.079, T = 293 K.

CdHg(SeCN)4 has an extended three-dimensional network structure in which the slightly distorted CdN4 and HgSe4 tetrahedra are connected by –SeCN– bridges.

The structure of rubidium gadolinium bis(tungstate). RbGd(WO 4 ) 2 , has been determined. The crystal is built up from corner- and edge-sharing WO 6 octahedral and GdO 8 polyhedral groups, giving rise to a Gd-WO 4 polyhedral backbone surrounding structural cavities filled with Rb + cations. The Gd and Rb atoms lie on twofold axes.

Two series of multibranched compounds with vinylenes attaching to the s-triazine core have been synthesized. The two-photon absorption cross section (σ) increases significantly as the branch number...

The central 1,3-dithiol­ane-2-thione fragment of the title compound, C15H10O4S7, is planar; the conformations of the phenyl­sulfonyl­thio substituents in positions 4 and 5 of the dithiol­ane ring are related by an approximate twofold axis coinciding with the C=S bond of the 1,3-dithiol­ane-2-thione group. The planes of the phen­yl rings form dihedral angles of 25.4 (4) and 31.1 (4)° with the least-squares plane of the central dithiol­ane ring.

C6H7BrClN, orthorhombic, Pca21 (no. 29), a = 16.187(5) Å, b = 5.409(5) Å, c = 8.992(5) Å, V = 787.3 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.041, wRref(F2) = 0.072, T = 293 K.

The methyl­ene C atom of the title compound, C4H2OS4, deviates by 0.703 (2) A from the mean plane of the eight other non-H atoms. The molecular packing is characterized by some short S⋯S interactions between neighbouring mol­ecules.

C 12 H 14 Br 2 Cl 4 N 2 Pb, monoclinic, P12 1 /c1 (no. 14), a = 17.373(2) A, b = 7.763(1) A, c = 22.242(2) A, β = 104.774(7)°, V = 2900.5 A 3 , Z= 6, R gt (F) = 0.057, WR ref (F 2 ) = 0.145, T= 293 K.

C 15 H 5 Br 4 N 3 O 3 , tetragonal, I4 1 md (no. 109), a = 29.303(1) A, c = 4.0462(5) A, V= 3474.3 A 3 , Z = 8, R gt (F) = 0.057, wR ref (F 2 ) = 0.186, T = 293 K.

C4H2S5, orthorhombic, Prima (No. 62), a = 13.015(1) A, b = 9.193(1) Â, c = 6.151(1) Â, y = 735.9 A, Z = 4, Rst(F) = 0.040, wRref(F) = 0.118, Τ = 293 Κ. Source of material The title compound was synthesized according to the literature [1]. The flash amaranth block-shaped [N(butyl)4]2[Zn(dmit)2] (dmit = l,3-dithiol-2-thione-4,5-dithiolate, C3S5) (A) was dissolved in acetone contained by a three-neck flask. Under nitrogen atmosphere and at 313 K, the freshly distilled CHbBra (B) in the molar ratio of two to one (B/A) was added with stirring to the flask. The mixture was filtered through celite after 2 days and concentrated to give a dark brown residue. The title compound was isolated from the filtrate as one of products using column chromatography on silica gel. Evaporation of a solution in petroleum ether afforded single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction (mp 424.70 K). Composition: calculated for C4H2S5 C, 22.84%; H, 0.96%; found C, 22.90%; H, 0.95%. Spectroscopic data are included into the CIF file. Discussion The ring defined by C1-S1-C2-C2A-S1A atoms is planar. Torsion angles of C1-S1-C2-C2A and C2-S1-C1-S1A are 11.1(3)° and -18.1(5)°. The thione ring defined by C2-S2-C3-S3-S2AC2A-C2A atoms is also planar, of which planarity is superior to that of the first ring. Torsion angles of C2-S2-C3-S2A, C2-S2-C3-S3 and C3-S2-C2-C2A are -0.6(2)°, -179.7(2)° and 0.4(1)°, respectively. The dihedral angle between these two ring planes is 4.6° implying that they are almost co-planar except two hydrogen atoms on the methylene deviated greatly from the least-square plane of all non-hydrogen atoms. Torsion angles of C3-S2-C2-S1 and C1-S1-C2-S2 are -178.5(2)° and -170.0(3)°. The covalent bond lengths and angles in 4,5-methylenedithioI,3-dithiol-2-thione are found to be consistent with those of similar structures [2-3], Relevant bond lengths: d(S2—C3) = 1.726(2) Â, d(S2—C2) = 1.734(2) A, ?(S3—C3) = 1.655(3) Â, d(Sl—C2) = 1.742(2) Â,r f (Sl—Cl)= 1.788(3) Â,d(C2—C2A)= 1.344(5) A, d(C3—S2A) = 1.726(2) Â, d(Cl—SIA) = 1.788(3) Â; bond angles: Z C 3 S 2 C 2 = 96.2(1)°, Z C 2 S 1 C 1 = 93.1(2)°, ZC2A-C2-S2 = 116.66(8)°, ZC2A-C2-S1 = 118.27(8)°, Z S 2 C 2 S 1 = 125.1(1)° , Z S 3 C 3 S 2 = 122.85(9)° , Z S 3 C 3 S 2 A = 122.85(9)°, Z S 2 C 3 S 2 A = 114.3(2)°, ZS1A-C1-S1 = 113.7(2)°. Intermolecular S ' S short contacts (d(S3 ' -Sl ) = 3.599(1) Â, d(S3'-S2) = 3.4171(9) Â) are observed between the neighborhood molecules, which make an angle of 83.4°. These intermolecular interactions might be key factors in —-— --J J. -0. Table 1. Data collection and handling. Crystal: brown yellow plate, size 0.02 χ 0.56 χ 0.6 mm Wavelength: Mo Ka radiation (0.71073 Â) μ· 14.72 cm" 1 Diffractometer, scan mode: Bruker P4, ω/2θ 20max: 58° N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique: 1462, 1042 Criterion for /0bs, N(hkl)gC. /obs > 2

Electrochemical oxidation of 3,4,3',4'-bis(ethylenedithio)-2,2',5,5'-tetrathiafulvalene (abbr. ET) in the presence of allylsulfonate affords a new charge-transfer salt (ET) 2 (CH 2 =CH-CH 2 -SO 3 ).H 2 O. The crystal structure has been determined to be in orthorhombic crystal system, Pma2 space group. In the crystal of the title compound, ET cations adopt a α'-type packing pattern and organic counter anions form infinite chains by hydrogen bonds along the c-axis. This salt is a semiconductor and its room-temperature conductivity is 0.0489 Ω -1 m -1 .

A series of new donor-pi-acceptor type compounds with trivalent boron as acceptor which show strong two-photon excited up-conversion fluorescence have been synthesized and one crystal structure described.

In the title complex, [Hg(CH4N2S)4][Mn(NCS)4], the Hg and Mn atoms sit at special positions with \overline 4 symmetry and are tetrahedrally coordinated to four thio­urea (TU) S and four thio­cyanate (SCN) N atoms, respectively. The structure consists of discrete cationic and anionic [Hg(TU)4]2+ and [Mn(SCN)4]2− complexes, and weak NTU—H⋯SSCN hydrogen-bond bridges exist between these complexes.

The title compound, [Ni(C5O5)(C10H8N2)2], lies across a crystallographic twofold axis, around which two 2,2′-bipyridine (2,2′-bipy) ligands are arranged in a propeller manner. The local geometry of the NiN4O2 coordination core basically adopts an octa­hedral geometry. The mol­ecular twofold axis is along the direction of the mol­ecular dipole moment, and the complex is packed with its dipole moment alternately along the +b and −b directions. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

A new oranometaItc cornplex NLO crystal---Thioseiniiarbazide Cadiium Thiocyanate(TSCCTC) has been qrown from aquious soliiLion by temperature Iowerinq method.TSCCTC hetonis to orthoqonal ;ystern;space qroup P212121,and the unit cell paranwters are a.764, b:lO.765K1) cl2.9781I(1)A. The .rystat structure, tiiiear and nonlinear optical properties of TSCCTC are presented in this liaper.

Recentty,orqarnaetatlic couptex crystals have attracted peoples in the exploration of new nonlinear optical and uLtifunctionat aateriats.This is because of their wide transparent ranqe: , Large nonlinear optical susceptibiLities, stable chemicaL and good sechanicat properties. Followinq the double group structure aodeL1,we have found and qrn a series of organometatlic complex crystals----BTCC2,TSCCC3,ATCC4.After AItC,we have discovered and grown several new crystats--Altylthiourea Cadiii(Mercury) Ihtoride or Bro.ideM[QI21HO12MItH,} 3X2, M= Cd, Hg;xCl,Br.Their poier SHG efficiencies are all largerthan that of IJrea.This paper sainty reports the growth. structure and properties of Tri-Allyithiourea Cadaii Bromide(ATtB)

The molecules of the title compound, C11H13N3O3, are linked by O-H center dot center dot center dot N and N-H center dot center dot center dot O interactions into a linear hydrogen-bonded chain.

The title mol­ecule, C26H46O4, has \overline{1} symmetry. The non-H atoms of the oct­yloxy and methoxy­methyl chains are almost coplanar with the benzene ring. There are weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π-ring inter­actions in the structure. The mol­ecules are loosely packed in the structure. The unit-cell volume is 20% larger than is expected from the empirical rule pertinent to organic compounds, which states that the unit-cell volume (A3) is approximately equal to the number of non-H atoms in the unit cell multiplied by 18.

The title compound, lanthanum aluminium borate, has been found to be isostructural with hexagonal NdAl 2.07 (B 4 O 10 )O 0.6 . Each La ion is coordinated by six O atoms to form a trigonal prism, while each Al is coordinated by five O atoms to form a pyramid.

Yb:KLu(WO4)2 (KLuW) crystals with large size and good optical quality have been grown by the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method. The melting point and specific heat, anisotropic thermal expansion and thermal conductivity have been measured. The Jackson factor α of a series of observed faces (hkl) on Yb:KLuW crystals have been calculated. In addition, the microhardness has also been measured. We find that the thermal expansion anisotropy of Yb:KLuW is weaker than KGd(WO4)2 (KGW) and KYb(WO4)2 (KYbW) and the thermal conductivity is up to 4.4Wm−1k−1 along [205] directions at 25°C, which is the greatest in their family.

Three s-triazine derivatives have been synthesized and their structures been determined. These are Compound I: 2,4-dimethyl-6-(p-N,N-dimethylaminostyryl)-s-triazine (abbreviated to NMe-1), Compound II: 2,4-dimethyl-6-(p-N,N-diethylaminostyryl)-s-triazine (to NEt-1), and Compound III: 2-methyl-4,6-bis(p-N,N-dimethylaminostyryl)-s-triazine (NMe-2). NMe-1 and NEt-1 molecules belong to the D-π -A type with a one-dimensional charge-transfer character. NMe-1 crystallizes to centrosymmetric $$P\bar 1$$ space group, while NEt-1 to non-centrosymmetric polar Cc space group with all of the molecular charge-transfer axes taking the same orientation. Under the irradiation of 1064 nm fundamental laser, NEt-1 powder crystals radiate a 2-order harmonic light with an intensity 46.8 times that of urea. The ∧ A typed NMe-2 molecule, which has a two-dimensional charge-transfer character, crystallizes to polar P21 space group. Its powder crystals exhibit a 2-order harmonic intensity 46.2 times that of urea. The quantum chemical calculations and tensor analyses have been carried out to reveal the dependence of the macro 2-order nonlinear optical (NLO) efficiency on the micro 2-order NLO coefficients (β) and on the crystalline packing styles.

Four new symmetrical, two-photon photopolymerization initiators, 9-(4-{(1E,11E)-4-[(E)-4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)styryl]-2,5-dimethoxystyryl}phenyl)-9H-carbazole (1), N-(4-{(1E,8E)-4-[(E)-4-(diphenylamino)styryl]-2,5-dimethoxystyryl}phenyl)-N-phenylbenzeneamine (2), 1,4-bis{2-[4-(2-pyridin-4-ylvinyl)phenyl]vinyl}-2,5-bisdimethoxybenzene (3) and 1,4-bis{2-[4-(2-pyridin-4-ylvinyl)phenyl]vinyl}-2,5-bisdodecyloxybenzene (4), have been synthesized and characterized. One-photon fluorescence, one-photon fluorescence quantum yields, one-photon fluorescence lifetimes, and two-photon fluorescence have been investigated. The results show that they are all good two-photon absorbing chromophores and effective two-photon photopolymerization initiators. The two-photon absorption cross-sections of these molecules have been evaluated by theoretical calculations. Microfabrication via two-photon-initiated polymerization has been studied and the possible photopolymerization mechanism is discussed.

A three-branched octupolar compound, 2,4,6-tris[2-(4-N,N-diethylamino)phenylethenyl]-1,3,5-s-triazine (compound III), as well as its one- and two-branched analogues (compounds I and II respectively) have been synthesized. The structures of I and II have been determined by X-ray diffraction. The linear and nonlinear spectra of these compounds regularly vary: (1) the spectral positions (λmax values) of the linear absorption, the single-photon excited fluorescence (SPEF) and the two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) show regular red-shifts when the branch number increases from 1 to 3; (2) the spectral intensities, including the linear absorbance emax and the two-photon absorption cross-section σ, the SPEF and the TPEF intensities are all increased significantly when going from I to III. The values of emax/MW and σ/MW (of compounds I, II and III) vary with the ratios of 1.0 : 1.3 : 1.7 and 1.0 : 1.4 : 1.3, respectively. All the photophysical data indicate that by incorporating more branches into the triazine ring, the linear and nonlinear optical responses have been significantly enhanced, and that the spectral behaviour of II is closer to that of III, while more different from that of I. The single-branched compound I crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric polar space group Cc. Its crystalline powder sample shows remarkable macro second-order nonlinear response with a SHG intensity of 46.8 times that of urea under a fundamental picosecond Nd : YAG laser beam (1064 nm). An important factor of such a large SHG intensity is that all the molecular dipoles take the same-oriented packing style that makes the crystal maximally polarized, fulfilling the optimization in the sense of crystal engineering.