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Introduction:Head and neck cancer is one of the most common tumors worldwide. However, drug resistance in its treatment has become a major factor limiting the efficacy. This study aims to comprehensively understand the current status of research in this field.Methods:The study analyzes papers related to therapeutic resistance in head and neck cancer published between 2000 and 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection To achieve the research objectives, we searched the WoSCC for research and review papers on therapeutic resistance in head and neck cancer from 2000 to 2023, screened the English literature, and analyzed the research hotspots, academic collaborations, and trends in detail using tools such as Citespace, SCImago Graphica, and VOS viewer.Results:This study summarizes 787 head and neck cancer treatment resistance publications from WoSCC. The analysis showed that China and the United States are the major contributors in this field, and Grandis Jennifer R and Yang Jai-Sing are the key scholars. Keyword analysis showed that “cisplatin resistance” is a continuing focus of attention, while “Metastasis” and “Ferroptosis” may be emerging research hotspots. Literature clustering analysis pointed out that “Ferroptosis”, “Immunotherapy” and “ERK signaling” were the recent hotspots that received extensive attention and citations. Finally, we discuss the current status and challenges in drug-resistant therapies for head and neck cancer.Conclusion:This study is the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of drug resistance in head and neck cancer. Reveals current trends and helps researchers grasp cutting-edge hotspots in the field.

Purpose: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a significant risk factor for development of gastric cancer (GC), one of the deadliest malignancies in the world. However, the mechanism by which H. pylori induces gastric oncogenesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the function of IL-6 in gastric oncogenesis and macrophage-epithelial cell interactions. Methods: We analyzed publicly available datasets to investigate the expression of IL-6 and infiltration of M2 macrophages in GC tissues, and determine the inter-cellular communication in the context of IL-6. Human gastric epithelial and macrophage cell lines (GES-1 and THP-1-derived macrophages, respectively) were used in mono- and co-culture experiments to investigate autocrine-and paracrine induction of IL-6 expression in response to H. pylori or IL-6 stimulation. Results: We found that IL-6 is highly expressed in GC and modulates survival. M2 macrophage infiltration is predominant in GC and drives an IL-6 mediated communication with gastric epithelium cells. In vitro, IL-6 triggers its own expression in GES-1 and THP-1-derived macrophages cells. In addition, these cell lines are able to upregulate each other's IL-6 levels in an autocrine fashion, which is enhanced by H. pylori stimulation. Conclusion: This study indicates that IL-6 in the tumor microenvironment is essential for intercellular communication. We show that H. pylori enhances an IL-6-driven autocrine and paracrine positive feedback loop between macrophages and gastric epithelial cells, which may contribute to gastric carcinogenesis.

Liver transplantation is an effective measure to treat adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2). Active and effective perioperative nutrition support is a very important treatment for the prognosis of such patients. In this paper, we analyzed the process, results, and outcome of nutritional support therapy in a case of CTLN2, and concluded that the perioperative nutritional support program for CTLN2 patients should be followed prior to surgery:1.because of the prevalence of severe malnutrition in CTLN2 patients, Enteral nutrition (EN) combined with Parenteral nutrition (PN) should be the first choice for nutritional support; 2. daily energy intake should be 35 ~ 40 kcal/kg; 3. the nutritional formula should be composed of low-carbohydrates and high medium-chain triglyceride (MCT). Postoperative: initiating EN as soon as possible is recommended to restore intestinal function and adjuvant PN might be taken into consideration in the early stage. The purpose of this case was to provide experience for the development and adjustment of the perioperative nutritional support regimen for CTLN2 patients.

Background and aim: Rivaroxaban is an emerging oral anticoagulant for postoperative anticoagulation after percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC). Because a once-daily dosing regimen of rivaroxaban causes fluctuations in the drug plasma concentration, we studied the feasibility and safety of twice-daily rivaroxaban as a postoperative anticoagulation regimen for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing LAAC.Methods: This study involved patients with AF who underwent LAAC and took rivaroxaban postoperatively. A total of 326 patients who received a standard total dose (15 or 20 mg) of rivaroxaban based on their creatinine clearance rate were divided into the twice-daily (BID) rivaroxaban group (n = 208) and once-daily (QD) rivaroxaban group (n = 118) according to their anticoagulation strategy. Transesophageal echocardiography was recommended at 3–6 months postoperatively to check for device-related thrombosis (DRT). Clinical outcomes were evaluated during postoperative anticoagulation.Results: The median CHA2DS2-VASc score (4 [3, 5] vs. 4 [3, 5], p = 0.28) and HAS-BLED score (2 [2, 3] vs. 2 [2, 3], p = 0.48) were not significantly different between the groups. During the anticoagulation period (4.1 ± 0.7 vs. 4.1 ± 0.9 months, p = 0.58), 148 (71.2%) patients in the BID group and 75 (63.6%) in the QD group underwent follow-up transesophageal echocardiography. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of DRT (1.4% vs. 2.7%, p = 0.60), minor bleeding (8.2% vs. 11.0%, p = 0.39), thromboembolic events (1.0% vs. 0.8%, p = 1.00), major bleeding (0.5% vs. 0.8%, p = 1.00), or death.Conclusion: A short course of twice-daily rivaroxaban following LAAC is a feasible alternative regimen with a low rate of major bleeding events, DRT, and thromboembolic events for patients with AF.

Abstract A two-stage computational framework is proposed to optimize the radiated noise and weight of a large mining planetary gear reducer under the rated conditions, based on a combination of response surface methodology and multi-objective optimization. The well-established transient dynamic analysis model of a large mining planetary gear reducer, which is used to analyze the mechanical strength and acoustic characteristics of the gear reducer. A unified experimental design is developed to obtain the response surface of the gearbox radiated noise and the mass of the gearbox housing. After obtaining the multi-objective optimization function, the multi-objective optimization problem for a lightweight and low-noise gearbox is performed using non-dominated sorting from the Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The research results demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method in reducing vibrating amplitude and weight of the gearbox. This is crucial for minimizing energy consumption and enhancing the overall performance of the system. Additionally, the optimized gearbox design not only saves energy but also contributes to the reduction of carbon emissions, making it environmentally friendly.

This retrospective study aimed to analyze the treatment effect and prognostic factors of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with t(8;21). A total of 268 newly diagnosed pediatric AML (pAML) enrolled from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed, and 50 (18.7%) patients harbored t(8;21) translocation. CR rate, OS, EFS, and RFS were assessed by multivariate Logistic and Cox regression models in these patients. Of the 50 patients, 2 patients abandoned treatment during the first induction course. Of the remaining 48 patients who received double-induction therapy and were included in the final analyses, CR1 and CR2 were 75.0% (36/48) and 95.8% (46/48), respectively. The overall three-year OS, EFS, and RFS were 68.4% (95% CI, 55.0–85.1), 64.2% (95% CI, 50.7–81.4), and 65.5% (95% CI, 51.9–82.8), respectively. The presence of loss of sex chromosome (LOS) at diagnosis (n = 21) was associated with a better 3-year OS [87.5% (95% CI, 72.7–100) vs. 52.7% (95% CI, 35.1–79.3), p = 0.0089], 3-year EFS [81.6% (95% CI, 64.7–100) vs. 49.7% (95% CI, 32.4–76.4), p = 0.023], and 3-year RFS [81.6% (95% CI, 64.7–100) vs. 51.7% (95% CI, 33.9–78.9), p = 0.036] than those without LOS (n = 27), and it was also an independent good prognostic factor of OS (HR, 0.08 [95% CI, 0.01–0.48], p = 0.005), EFS (HR, 0.22 [95% CI, 0.05–0.85], p = 0.029), and RFS (HR, 0.21 [95% CI, 0.05–0.90], p = 0.035). However, extramedullary leukemia (EML) featured the independent risk factors of inferior OS (HR, 10.99 [95% CI, 2.08–58.12], p = 0.005), EFS (HR, 4.75 [95% CI, 1.10–20.61], p = 0.037), and RFS (HR, 6.55 [95% CI, 1.40–30.63], p = 0.017) in pediatric individuals with t(8;21) AML. Further analysis of combining LOS with EML indicated that the EML+LOS− subgroup had significantly inferior OS (92.9%, [95% CI, 80.3–100]), EFS (86.2%, [95% CI, 70.0–100]), and RFS (86.2%, [95% CI, 80.3–100]) compared to the other three subgroups (all p < 0.001). LOS and EML are independent prognostic factors of OS, EFS, and RFS with t(8;21) pAML patients. LOS combined with EML may help improve risk stratification.