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ObjectivesPulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (PA/VSD/MAPCAs) is a relatively rare, complex, and heterogeneous congenital heart disease. As one of the effective treatments, the midline unifocalization strategy still remains complicated and challenging due to the diverse forms of MAPCAs and pulmonary arteries. The purpose of this study is to summarize our experience of a novel three-dimensional (3D) visualized operative procedure in the single-stage complete repair with unifocalization and to clarify the benefits it may bring to us.MethodsWe described our experience of the 3D visualized operative procedure such as 3D printing, virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR) technology in patients with PA/VSD/MAPCAs who underwent a single-stage complete repair with unifocalization. The data from the patients who underwent this procedure (3D group) and those who underwent the conventional procedure (conventional group) were compared.ResultsThe conventional and 3D groups included 11 patients from September 2011 to December 2017 and 9 from January 2018 to March 2021, respectively. The baseline characteristics such as age, body weight, preoperative saturation, the anatomy of the pulmonary arteries and MAPCAs, the Nakata index, and TNPAI had no statistical significance. All 9 patients in the 3D group were operated only through a median sternotomy, while 8 cases (72.7%) in the conventional group needed another posterolateral thoracotomy (p = 0.001). In the 3D group, the CPB time was shorter (93.2 ± 63.8 vs. 145.1 ± 68.4 min, p = 0.099), and the median pre-CPB time per MAPCAs was significantly shorter [25.7 (14.0, 46.3) vs. 65 (41.3, 75.0) min, p = 0.031]. There was no early death in the 3D group, while there were 3 in the conventional group (0 vs. 27.3%, p = 0.218).ConclusionThe novel 3D visualized operative procedure may help improve the performance of the single-stage complete repair with the midline unifocalization of PA/VSD/MAPCAs and help shorten the dissecting time of the MAPCAs. It may promote the routine and successful application of this strategy in more centers.

Affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there were short-term uncertainties in China's live pig industry supply chain. Due to the insufficient supply of pork, the price of pork rose from 33.21 yuan/kg at the end of 2019 to 37.46 yuan/kg in mid-February and fell to 26.41 yuan/kg in mid-May. To restore pig supply and stabilise prices, China issued relevant policies. Given the current effective control of COVID-19 in China, this paper constructed an evolutionary game model of China's pork supply and demand stakeholders under normalisation of COVID-19 prevention and control, analysed the behavioural strategies of consumers, government, and pig farmers, used MATLAB software for data simulation, and expounded on the evolution path and the characteristic rule of tripartite decision-making behaviours. The results showed that government supervision costs, evaluation of government by consumers and pig farmers, government subsidies to pig farmers and consumers, and the proportion of stakeholder behaviours affected the formation of tripartite relationships. The results provide a useful reference for the government to formulate effective policies, increase pig supply, and stabilise pork prices.

This study explored the buckling performance of bi-segment pressure hulls under external pressure. We fabricated bi-segment pressure hulls from bi-segment cylindrical preforms by using free bulging. The cylindrical preforms had a nominal thickness of 0.95 mm, nominal radius of 51 mm, and nominal height of 242 mm. Six bi-segment pressure hulls were hydrostatically and externally pressurised into buckling. Experimental results revealed that the maximum buckling load of the bi-segment pressure hulls was increased by 36.75% compared with that of the bi-segment cylinders. In addition, we performed a nonlinear finite element analysis to determine the bulging and buckling modes of the hulls. We noted that the nonlinear analysis results exhibited good agreement with the experimental data.

ObjectivesThis study sought to assess the predictors of coronary computed tomography angiographic findings for non-infarct-related (non-IR) territory unrecognized myocardial infarction (UMI) in patients with a first episode of non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).BackgroundUMI detected by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with both acute coronary syndrome and chronic coronary syndrome. However, the association between the presence of UMI and coronary computed tomography angiographic (CCTA) findings remains unknown.MethodsWe investigated 158 patients with a first clinical episode of NSTE-ACS, who underwent pre-PCI 320-slice CCTA and uncomplicated urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 48 h of admission. In these patients, post-PCI CMR was performed within 30 days from urgent PCI and before non-IR lesion staged PCI. UMI was assessed using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)-CMR by identifying regions of hyperenhancement with an ischemic distribution pattern in non-IR territories (non-IR UMI). CCTA analysis included qualitative and quantitative assessments of the culprit segment, Agatston score, mean peri-coronary fat attenuation index (FAI), epicardial fat volume (EFV) and epicardial fat attenuation (EFA).ResultsNon-IR UMI was detected in 30 vessel territories (9.7%, 30/308 vessels) of 28 patients (17.7%, 28/158 patients). The presence of low-attenuation plaque, spotty calcification, napkin ring sign, and positive remodeling was not significantly different between vessels with and without subtended non-IR UMI. Agatston score >30.0 (OR: 8.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.17 to 32.45, p = 0.002), mean FAI >-64.3 (OR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.34 to 7.81, p = 0.009), and stenosis severity (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.06, p < 0.001) were independently associated with non-IR UMI. Neither EFV (p = 0.340) nor EFA (p = 0.700) was associated with non-IR UMI.ConclusionThe prevalence of non-IR UMI was 17.7 % in patients with first NSTE-ACS presentation. Agatston score, mean FAI, and coronary stenosis severity were independent CCTA predictors of the presence of non-IR UMI. The integrated CCTA assessment may help identify the presence of non-IR UMI before urgent PCI.

The pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is still unclear. It has been shown that the pathological process of IDD is most closely related to inflammation of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), in which inflammatory factors play an important role. Exosomes are the main paracrine mediators and are microvesicles with biological functions similar to those of the cells from which they are derived. Studies have shown that bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can inhibit apoptosis of NPCs by sending exosomes as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, which has been proved to be effective on IDD. However, the specific mechanism of inhibiting apoptosis of NPCs is still unclear. In our study, BMSC-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exo) were isolated from the BMSC culture medium, and their antiapoptotic effects were evaluated in cells and rat models to explore the possible mechanisms. We observed that BMSC-Exo promotes autophagy in NPCs and inhibits the release of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and TNF-α in LPS-treated NPCs and inhibits apoptosis in NPCs. Further studies showed that BMSC-Exo inhibited the Akt-mTOR pathway. Intramuscular injection of BMSC-Exo alleviates disc degeneration in rat IDD models. In conclusion, our results suggest that BMSC-Exo can reduce NPC apoptosis and alleviate IDD by promoting autophagy by inhibiting the Akt-mTOR pathway. Our study confers a promising therapeutic strategy for IDD.

Objective:In-utero correction is an option for treatment of critical congenital heart diseases (CHDs). Fetal cardiac surgery for CHDs is dependent on the reliable use of fetal cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), but this technology remains experimental. In this study, we established fetal CPB models with central and peripheral cannulation to explore the differences between the two cannulation strategies.Methods: Ten fetal sheep with 90–110 gestational days were randomized into central cannulation (n = 5) and peripheral cannulation (n = 5) groups. All fetal CPB models were successfully established. At each time point (0, 30, and 60 min after initiation of CPB), echocardiography was performed. Blood samples were also collected for blood gas analysis and tests of myocardial enzymes and liver and kidney function.Results: In the central cannulation group, right ventricular Tei index significantly increased (p = 0.016) over time. Compared with the peripheral cannulation group, the left ventricular Tei index of the central cannulation group was significantly higher (1.96 ± 0.31 vs. 0.45 ± 0.19, respectively; p = 0.028) and the stroke volume was lower (0.46 ± 0.55 vs. 2.13 ± 0.05, respectively; p = 0.008) at 60 min after CPB. Levels of liver and kidney injury markers and of acid-base balance, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase/ALT ratio, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), BUN/creatinine ratio, base excess and bicarbonates, were significantly higher for peripheral than for central cannulation. Other important physiologic parameters, including heart rate, blood pressure, myocardial enzymes, umbilical artery beat index and resistance index, left ventricular Tei index, and left and right ventricular stroke volume, were comparable between the two groups.Conclusions: Both central and peripheral cannulations can be used to establish fetal CPB models. Central cannulation causes more adverse impacts for cardiac function, whereas peripheral cannulation is more susceptible to complications related to inadequate organ perfusion.

Agrimonia pilosa var. nepalensis (D. Don) Nakai is an herbaceous species of Rosaceae distributed in China. It has ornamental and ecological values. Lack of genetic background seriously hinders its further research and utilization. To provide genetic information for further study of it, complete chloroplast (cp) genome was characterized in this study. The genome is a circular molecule of 155,147 bp in length with overall GC content of 36.9%, which contains 85 protein-coding genes, eight ribosomal RNA genes, and 37 transfer RNA genes. It contains a typical tetrad structure, including a large single copy, a small single copy, and two inverted repeat regions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. pilosa var. nepalensis and A. pilosa are closely related. Result of this study could provide genetic information for further research of A. pilosa var. nepalensis.

Hepatic fibrosis can develop into cirrhosis or even cancer without active therapy at an early stage. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be involved in the regulation of a wide variety of important biological processes. However, lncRNA mechanism(s) involved in cholestatic liver fibrosis remain unclear. RNA sequence data of hepatic stellate cells from bile duct ligation (BDL) mice or controls were analyzed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Based on WGCNA analysis, a competing endogenous RNA network was constructed. We identified LINC00663 and evaluated its function using a panel of assays, including a wound healing assay, a dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Functional research showed that LINC00663 promoted the activation, migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of LX-2 cells and liver fibrosis in BDL mice. Mechanistically, LINC00663 regulated splicing factor 2 (SF2)-fibronectin (FN) alternative splicing through the sponging of hsa-miR-3916. Moreover, forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) specifically interacted with the promoter of LINC00663. In summary, we elaborated the fibrotic effects of LINC00663 in human hepatic stellate LX-2 cells and in bile duct-ligated cholestasis mice. We established a FOXA1/LINC00663/hsa-miR-3916/SF2-FN axis that provided a potential target for the diagnosis and targeted therapy of cholestatic liver fibrosis.

In this paper, we propose a novel data hiding algorithm for high dynamic range (HDR) images encoded by the OpenEXR file format. The proposed algorithm exploits each of three 10-bit mantissa fields as an embedding unit in order to conceal k bits of a secret message using an optimal base which produces the least pixel variation. An aggressive bit encoding and decomposition scheme is recommended, which offers a high probability to convey (k + 1) bits without increasing the pixel variation caused by message concealment. In addition, we present a bit inversion embedding strategy to further increase the capacities when the probability of appearance of secret bit “1” is greater than 0.5. Furthermore, we introduce an adaptive data hiding approach for concealing more secret messages in pixels with low luminance, exploiting the features of the human visual system to achieve luminance-aware adaptive data hiding. The stego HDR images produced by our algorithm coincide with the HDR image file format, causing no suspicion from malicious eavesdroppers. The generated stego HDR images and their tone-mapped low dynamic range (LDR) images reveal no perceptual differences when subjected to quantitative testing by visual difference predictor. Our algorithm can resist steganalytic attacks from the HDR and LDR RS and SPAM steganalyzers. We present the first data hiding algorithm for OpenEXR HDR images offering a high embedding rate and producing high visual quality of the stego images. Our algorithm outperforms the current state-of-the-art works. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in promoting tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the key cofactors that modulate the signal transduction to induce EMT have note been fully explored to date. The present study reports that sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) is able to promote EMT of cervical cancer by coordinating with transforming growth factor (TGF)β-SMAD signals. The expression of SIX1 was negatively correlated with the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin in two independent groups of cervical cancer specimens. SIX1 could promote the transition of mesenchymal phenotype in the presence of active TGFβ signals in vitro and in vivo. TGFβ-SMAD signals were required for the SIX1-mediated promotion of EMT and metastatic capacity of cervical cancer cells. Together, SIX1 and TGFβ cooperated to induce more remarkable changes in the transition of phenotype than each of them alone, and coordinated to promote cell motility and tumor metastasis in cervical cancer. These results suggest that the coordination of SIX1 and TGFβ signals may be crucial in the EMT program, and that SIX1/TGFβ may be considered a valuable marker for evaluating the metastatic potential of cervical cancer cells, or a therapeutic target in the treatment of cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) has been widely performed to treat cervical generative diseases. Cage subsidence is a complication after ACDF. Although it is known that segmental kyphosis, acceleration of adjacent segmental disease, and restenosis may occur due to cages subsidence; however detailed research comparing zero-profile cages (ROI-C) and conventional plate and cage construct (CPC) on cage subsidence has been lacking.Objective: The objectives of this study was to compare the rate of postoperative cage subsidence between zero profile anchored spacer (ROI-C) and conventional cage and plate construct (CPC) and investigate the risk factors associated with cage subsidence following ACDF.Methods: Seventy-four patients with ACDF who received either ROI-C or CPC treatment from October 2013 to August 2018 were included in this retrospective cohort study. Clinical and radiological outcomes and the incidence of cage subsidence at final follow up-were compared between groups. All patients were further categorized into the cage subsidence (CS) and non-cage subsidence (NCS) groups for subgroup analysis.Results: The overall subsidence rate was higher in the ROI-C group than in the CPC group (66.67 vs. 38.46%, P = 0.006). The incidence of cage subsidence was significantly different between groups for multiple-segment surgeries (75 vs. 34.6%, P = 0.003), but not for single-segment surgeries (54.55 vs. 42.30%, P = 0.563). Male sex, operation in multiple segments, using an ROI-C, and over-distraction increased the risk of subsidence. Clinical outcomes and fusion rates were not affected by cage subsidence.Conclusion: ROI-C use resulted in a higher subsidence rate than CPC use in multi-segment ACDF procedures. The male sex, the use of ROI-C, operation in multiple segments, and over-distraction were the most significant factors associated with an increase in the risk of cage subsidence.

To reduce the curtailment of renewable energy and improve energy efficiency, the integration of multi-energy systems, which is proven to be effective in reducing energy loss, has been extensively studied all over the world in recent years. Among all the coupled systems, the integrated electricity and heat system is comparatively mature and has been large-scale applied. However, the widely use of combined heat and power (CHP) units limits the flexibility of integrated systems due to the coupling of power and heat. This paper proposes a bi-level programming model to take full advantage of the flexibility of the heating system. The heat pumps (HP) are utilized to decouple the strong coupling constraints introduced by CHP units. The upper-level problem is the optimal power flow of power system which is composed of coal-fired units, wind turbines, and electric loads. The bottom level decision-maker is the district heating network (DHN) which contains CHP units, HP and heat loads. The upper and lower level problem are linked by price signals sent by the power system operator (PSO). A quantum optimization-based solution method combined with single-level reduction is proposed for solving the bi-level model. The simulation results show that the proposed model can reduce the curtailment of wind power and increase the profit of power system significantly according to the price signal.

HVDC Deep-well grounding electrode covers a small area, which effectively alleviates the problem of difficulty in selecting the site of grounding electrode. Due to the small number of electrodes, each sub-electrode has to bear tens of times the current of conventional electrodes. In order to reduce the current density on the electrode, it is usually necessary to use long vertical electrodes to extend into low resistivity layers' hundreds of meters underground. Because it involves a wide range of underground depths, it is particularly important to accurately evaluate the distribution of resistivity at the electrode site for calculating the electrical parameters of deep-well grounding electrodes. In this paper, four-point method (FP), controllable source audio magnetotelluric method (CSAMT) and magnetotelluric method (MT) are proposed to analyze the conductivity structure of the shallow layer, deep layer and the vicinity of the electrode, and the earth resistivity model of deep-well grounding electrode is obtained. By comparing the on-site grounding resistance measurements of practical engineering application, it is found that the absolute error of the earth resistivity model obtained in this paper is 0.064 Ω when calculating the grounding resistance of the deep-well grounding electrode. Engineering examples show that the exploration method in this paper has strong adaptability to the site, and the earth resistivity modeling method has good reliability.

In view of the problem of low self-service capability of the microgrid due to the high operating cost and low capacity of the traditional battery energy storage system. In this paper, an electrothermal hybrid energy storage model based on electricity, hydrogen and thermal energy conversion and storage is introduced, and a microgrid autonomous operational strategy is proposed. First, the addition of the power to hydrogen transfer equipment in the traditional combined heat and power (TCHP) system without battery energy storage is studied, and a micro gas turbine, electric to hydrogen transfer equipment and electric boiler based electrothermal energy storage system (ETSS) model is established. Aiming at the lowest comprehensive operating cost of multiple energy sources in a microgrid and maximizing the consumption of curtailed wind, the multi-objective scheduling model of an electrothermal hybrid energy storage system is established, then the multi-energy autonomous operational strategy of a microgrid is proposed. Lastly, the simulation of a multi-energy microgrid in Northeast China is taken as an example. The results of the simulation showed that compared with a combined heat and power microgrid system considering conventiona battery energy storage, a multi-energy microgrid system using electrothermal hybrid energy storage has better flexibility and economy, and can improve wind power accommodation.

Summary: Plant exosomes protect plants against infection; however, whether edible plant exosomes can protect mammalian hosts against infection is not known. In this study, we show that ginger exosome-like nanoparticles (GELNs) are selectively taken up by the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis in a GELN phosphatidic acid (PA) dependent manner via interactions with hemin-binding protein 35 (HBP35) on the surface of P. gingivalis. Compared with PA (34:2), PA (34:1) did not interact with HBP35, indicating that the degree of unsaturation of PA plays a critical role in GELN-mediated interaction with HBP35. On binding to HBP35, pathogenic mechanisms of P. gingivalis were significantly reduced following interaction with GELN cargo molecules, including PA and miRs. These cargo molecules interacted with multiple pathogenic factors in the recipient bacteria simultaneously. Using edible plant exosome-like nanoparticles as a potential therapeutic agent to prevent/treat chronic periodontitis was further demonstrated in a mouse model. : Bacteriology; Biochemistry; Biological Sciences; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Biology; Oral Microbiology Subject Areas: Bacteriology, Biochemistry, Biological Sciences, Immunology, Microbiology, Molecular Biology, Oral Microbiology

The ongoing development of cogeneration technology has promoted public awareness on the integration of different types of energy systems. Integration of power and heating systems is the most common approach for energy transmission. The heat and power coupling of combined heat and power (CHP) units constrains the improvement of flexibility to accommodate more wind power, especially in winter. To address this problem, electrical boilers (EBs) are utilized as independent heat sources in one heat station to enhance their flexibility. This paper proposes a subsidy based bi-level optimal model. The objective of the upper problem is to minimize the operating cost, while the lower problem is to maximize the benefits of CHP and EBs based on the subsidy signals sent by the power system operator (PSO). The bi-level model is reformulated as a single-level linear problem by Karush Kuhn Turck (KKT) conditions and recast to a mix integer quadratic program using strong duality theory. Numerical results performed on an IEEE six-bus system with a eight-node district heating system validate the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the subsidy strategies can make the EB and CHP units operate according to the system operators' preferences to accommodate more wind power.

Based on decreasing the flexibility of the power grid through the integration of large-scale renewable energy, a multi-energy storage system architectural model and its coordination operational strategy with the same flexibility as in the pumped storage power station and battery energy storage system (BESS) are studied. According to the new energy fluctuation characteristics and the different peak valley parameters in the power grid, this paper proposes a electricity heat hydrogen multi-energy storage system (EHH-MESS) and its coordination and optimization operational model to reduce the curtailment of wind power and photovoltaic (PV) to the power grid and improve the flexibility of the power grid. Finally, this paper studied the simulation model of an energy storage optimization control strategy after the multi-energy storage system is connected to the distribution networks, and analyzed three operational modes of the multi-energy storage system. The simulation results show that the EHH-MESS proposed in this paper has a better power grid regulation flexibility and economy, and can be used to replace the battery energy storage system based on MATLAB.

In view of the variable parameters that affect the transient stability of electromagnetic torque and mechanical torque balance in AC-DC system, and the uncertainty of wind power in large-scale interconnection of wind farm. This paper proposes a linear parameter varying (LPV) robust feedback control method for transient stability of interconnected systems. The proposed LPV robust feedback control method uses the DC channel power control and the mechanical power in the interconnected system as the control target to improve the transient stability of the interconnected system with wind farm channel. Firstly, aiming at the strong nonlinear characteristics of the interconnected system, the power balance and the wind power output uncertainty in the transient process, the transient process is designed as a linear model of variable parameters. Then, the H∞ robust output feedback controller is designed according to the LPV model. The transient stability control strategy topology and transfer function of the interconnected system are proposed. Finally, the proposed scheme is verified by an interconnected system formed by four equal-value grids through AC and DC lines in a digital simulation platform. The results show that the LPV robust feedback control model proposed in this paper has better response characteristics and transient stability control effects for interconnected systems with wind power weak sending-end system.

Protecting cultivated land is an urgent mitigation measure for China to reconcile the contradiction between food safety and carbon neutrality. In the context of carbon neutrality, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model among local governments, agricultural technology service organizations (ATSOs), and farmers based on China’s cultivated black land, and discusses the factors influencing the strategy choice of each stakeholder group and the final form of evolutionary stabilization strategies adopted by each stakeholder from the perspective of agricultural extension. Through numerical simulations, we reveal that two stable situations exist in the current state of protection of cultivated black land in China: full subject participation and government subject participation only. In order to achieve the optimal realization of the dynamic equilibrium of the three parties, we identify the key issues of cultivated land protection (CLP) and put forward reasonable suggestions, which are summarized as follows: (1) prohibit the excessive subsidies to farmers, and keep the appropriate subsidies at 100~140 CNY/mu to help the protection of cultivated land, if more than 140 CNY/mu is not conducive to the participation of local governments in CLP (mu, a Chinese unit of land measurement that equals to 1/15 a hectare); (2) an increase in the farmers’ fines has a dampening effect on farmers digging black soil, and the game model achieves the ideal equilibrium when it reaches 10 billion CNY, which can be implemented as a long-term cultivated land protection policy; (3) maintaining the incentive fund at 5 billion CNY provides the greatest incentive for ATSOs to promote low-carbon agricultural technologies (LCAT), while the production trusteeship subsidies has no beneficial impact on ATSOs; (4) reducing production trusteeship costs and not increasing service charges is the most effective way of incentivizing ATSOs to promote LCAT. This means the service fee is maintained at 400 CNY/mu and the service cost is reduced to 308 CNY/mu. This study reveals the inner mechanism of CLP, provides a theoretical basis for the promotion of CLP technology, and proposes effective cultivated land protection suggestions, aiming to improve the overall implementation effect of CLP in China and help carbon neutrality.

The large-scale penetration of renewable energy and deeply integrated multiple energy forms pose a major challenge for the accounting and allocation process of additional adjustment cost in multi-energy system and electricity market. The variable wind power and the operating status of multi-energy systems faced by the electricity market have driven researchers towards the decision of electricity spot market with complicated pricing mechanism. This paper presents a locational marginal price-based partition optimal economic dispatch model of multi-energy system with a high proportion of renewable energy. First, a model of the additional adjustment cost of multi-energy adjustable units to improve the power grid adjustment capacity is studied based on the power balance model of multi-energy conversion and storage. In the second, to improve the effectiveness of the ESM mechanism, an optimal economic dispatch model is established, with the goal of minimizing the additional adjustment cost of multi-energy adjustable units. Moreover, according to the characteristics of the model and the mechanism of locational marginal price-based economic dispatch, a solution method based on lagrangian relaxation is proposed. The incentive compatible locational marginal price is obtained. Finally, a simulation model of multi-energy systems based on IEEE 39-nodes power system and 7-nodes natural gas system is established. And the model is based on operating data of an actual grid with high proportion of renewable energy in Northeast China. The results of the examples show that the proposed method can effectively improve the efficiency and flexibility of multi-energy system. Another advantage of the proposed method is that the capabilities of the complementary multi-energy coordination can be promoted.

Summary: Diet and bile play critical roles in shaping gut microbiota, but the molecular mechanism underlying interplay with intestinal microbiota is unclear. Here, we showed that lemon-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (LELNs) enhance lactobacilli toleration to bile. To decipher the mechanism, we used Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) as proof of concept to show that LELNs enhance LGG bile resistance via limiting production of Msp1 and Msp3, resulting in decrease of bile accessibility to cell membrane. Furthermore, we found that decline of Msps protein levels was regulated through specific tRNAserUCC and tRNAserUCG decay. We identified RNase P, an essential housekeeping endonuclease, being responsible for LELNs-induced tRNAserUCC and tRNAserUCG decay. We further identified galacturonic acid-enriched pectin-type polysaccharide as the active factor in LELNs to increase bile resistance and downregulate tRNAserUCC and tRNAserUCG level in the LGG. Our study demonstrates a tRNA-based gene expression regulation mechanism among lactobacilli to increase bile resistance.

Objective This study was performed to evaluate the association of preoperative anxiety with inflammatory indicators and postoperative complications in patients undergoing scheduled aortic valve replacement surgery. Methods A prospective cohort study was performed. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale was used to assess preoperative anxiety. The serum white blood cell (WBC) count and concentrations of C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 were measured 1 day preoperatively and 3 and 7 days postoperatively. Postoperative complications were also recorded. Results Seventy-three patients were included. The incidence of preoperative anxiety was 30.1% (22/73). The payment source was the only independent risk factor for preoperative anxiety. The incidence of postoperative complications was lowest in the mild anxiety group. The WBC count 3 days postoperatively was significantly lower in the mild than moderate-severe anxiety group. The IL-8 concentration 1 day preoperatively was highest in the no anxiety group. Conclusions Mild preoperative anxiety might help to improve clinical outcomes. However, further investigations with more patients are warranted. Patients with different degrees of anxiety may have different levels of inflammatory cytokines.

Objectives To assess the awareness, knowledge and attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among relatives of people with and without heart disease and their influence in South China.Design This is a cross-sectional survey. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the demographic factors associated with CPR training, learning and knowledge.Setting The study was conducted in two hospitals, the largest cardiovascular institute and the largest eye care centre in South China.Participants Healthy individuals who accompanied their relatives with heart disease to the outpatient department of cardiovascular disease and systemically healthy patients who came for regular ophthalmic examination and had no relatives with heart disease were consecutively recruited for the study. A total of 1644 respondents with heart disease relatives and 813 respondents without heart disease relatives completed the survey.Results Thirty three per cent of respondents never heard of CPR and only 11% had received CPR training. Factors associated with a higher rate of CPR training were higher level of education and income (p