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Synthesis and crystal structure of 1,6‐Bis‐(N,N‐diethylaminothiocarbamoylimino)‐1,6‐diphenyl‐2,5‐dithiahexane are reported as well as those of its dimeric AgIcomplex (as monotoluene adduct of the diperchlorate) and its tetrameric μ‐tetrabromo AgIcomplex.

Summary We have investigated the pharmacokinetics, tolerance, and biological activity of recombinant human interferon-? (rHuIFN?) administered subcutaneously to cancer patients. Twenty-one patients with lymphoma and metastatic cancer received rHuIFN? (in doses of 0.1, 0.25, or 0.5 mg/m2) in two or three injections per week for up to 180 days. The most common adverse effects encountered were flu-like symptoms, fever and fatigue. The increase in body temperature after each administration ranged from 0 to 4°C depending on the individual patient, but was unrelated to the rHuIFN? dose or its plasma concentration. The pharmacokinetic response of the patients after the two treatments showed a low intra-individual variability with respect to the plasma concentration/time profiles. However, as observed for the fever side-effect, the interindividual variation (CV >50%) was high for the parameters area under the data points (AUC0-t) and maximum plasma concentration (cmax). Despite this high interindividual variability, the mean values obtained for AUC0-t andcmax after s.c. injection of rHuIFN? were approximately proportional to the dose administered: the injection of 0.1, 0.25 or 0.5 mg/m2 rHuIFN? resulted in AUC0-t values of 15.4, 31.5 or 69.6 ng h/ml, respectively andcmax was found to be 1.0, 2.4 and 4.9 ng/ml, respectively. With this s.c. administration protocol, objective antitumour responses were observed in two patients, but there was no partial or complete remission.

Previous research has provided discrepant findings with regard to the presence or absence of a cultural difference in strength of individualistic motivation among Mexican American and Anglo American children. To test the hypothesis of a cultural difference, and to explore the nature of different individualism measures, two individualism measures were administered to 733 Anglo American, Mexican American, and black children. Results indicated age but not cultural differences in strength of individualistic motivation, and that one measure of individualism, the Social Orientation Choice-Card, is confounded with competitiveness. That artifact remains the most plausible explanation of what was presumed to be a cultural difference.

Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) was administered to rhesus monkeys by i.v. short-term infusions (0.5 hr) of 10, 20, 30 and 120 micrograms/kg and long-term infusions (6.5 hr) of 22, 54, 135 and 325 micrograms/kg. At high plasma levels of TNF-alpha (doses of 120 micrograms/kg of short-term infusions and greater than or equal to 54 micrograms/kg of long-term infusion) the pharmacokinetics of TNF-alpha were practically first order. A plasma T1/2 of 1.2 to 2.1 hr was calculated. However, at low plasma levels (doses of 10-30 micrograms/kg of short-term infusion and 22 micrograms/kg of long-term infusion) the elimination rate increased steadily in dependence on concentration and time. We conclude that at low concentrations of TNF-alpha the pharmacokinetics were not first order. Simultaneous long-term infusion of recombinant human TNF-beta (200 micrograms/kg) in addition to 22 micrograms/kg of TNF-alpha reduces the elimination rate of TNF-alpha, which can be concluded from the elevation of the TNF-alpha plasma levels. Furthermore, there was no time-dependent increase of the elimination rate that was detected without infusion of TNF-beta. Based on these results two different elimination mechanisms of TNF-alpha in rhesus monkeys are postulated: an unspecific, nonsaturable process as well as a specific, saturable mechanism.

Before investigating the ternary system Bi2O3-CaO-CuO, a revision of the binary bounding system Bi2O3-CaO was first necessary. In the range between 20 and 70 mol % CaO the solid solutions ß and a''1 and the stoichiometric compounds Bi2CaO4, Bi6Ca4O13, and Bi2Ca2O5 were found to exist for 675 °C?T?780 °C. Above 780 °C a new high temperature compound with the formula Bi6Ca5O14 has been identified. The X-ray powder diffraction data, unit cell dimensions, as well as the space group, have been reported. The ternary system contains no intermediate compounds and also no solubility was found for the binary bounding phases. Below 780 °C all the Bi-Ca oxides mentioned above are in equilibrium with CuO. At 820 °C, a wide liquidus field is dominating so that these quasibinary equilibria disappear. For 780 °C

Summary: The effect of the glucocorticoid Dexamethasone on various anterior pituitary cell types in the male rat was investigated. Histoautoradiographic studies were made: a) 1 h after a single injection of3H-thymidine and b) 50 min after a similar administration of3H-cytidine. A group of animals was given a daily dose of 0,2 mg Dexamethasone per kg for 5 days. At 24 hour intervals animals were sacrificed and those surviving after the 5th day were observed for a further 6 days. Results. Dexamethasone has a variable effect on the proliferation of the different cell types. The3H-Index of gonadotropic and thyrotropic cells remained unchanged. However, there was a significant decrease in the number of labelled nuclei observed in acidophilic and chromophobic forms, which persisted 6 days after treatment. RNA-synthesis also varied according to cell type. Dexamethasone inhibited RNA-synthesis in the chromophobes and, more markedly in the acidophilic forms. With some cell types the density of the silver grain is not a suitable parameter for the evaluation of RNA-synthesis.It is concluded that the chromophobic and acidophilic cells of the anterior pituitary are involved in some way in ACTH-production.