Search

© 2018 IEEE. Safety ranks the first in Air Traffic Management (ATM). Accurate trajectory prediction can help ATM to forecast potential dangers and effectively provide instructions for safely traveling. Most trajectory prediction algorithms work for land traffic, which rely on points of interest (POIs) and are only suitable for stationary road condition. Compared with land traffic prediction, flight trajectory prediction is very difficult because way-points are sparse and the flight envelopes are heavily affected by external factors. In this paper, we propose a flight trajectory prediction model based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. The four interacting layers of a repeating module in an LSTM enables it to connect the long-term dependencies to present predicting task. Applying sliding windows in LSTM maintains the continuity and avoids compromising the dynamic dependencies of adjacent states in the long-term sequences, which helps to improve accuracy of trajectory prediction. Taking time dimension into consideration, both 3-D (time stamp, latitude and longitude) and 4-D (time stamp, latitude, longitude and altitude) trajectories are predicted to prove the efficiency of our approach. The dataset we use was collected by ADS-B ground stations. We evaluate our model by widely used measurements, such as the mean absolute error (MAE), the mean relative error (MRE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the dynamic warping time (DWT) methods. As Markov Model is the most popular in time series processing, comparisons among Markov Model (MM), weighted Markov Model (wMM) and our model are presented. Our model outperforms the existing models (MM and wMM) and provides a strong basis for abnormal detection and decision-making.

We address the problem of localisation of objects as bounding boxes in images and videos with weak labels. This weakly supervised object localisation problem has been tackled in the past using discriminative models where each object class is localised independently from other classes. In this paper, a novel framework based on Bayesian joint topic modelling is proposed, which differs significantly from the existing ones in that: (1) All foreground object classes are modelled jointly in a single generative model that encodes multiple object co-existence so that "explaining away" inference can resolve ambiguity and lead to better learning and localisation. (2) Image backgrounds are shared across classes to better learn varying surroundings and "push out" objects of interest. (3) Our model can be learned with a mixture of weakly labelled and unlabelled data, allowing the large volume of unlabelled images on the Internet to be exploited for learning. Moreover, the Bayesian formulation enables the exploitation of various types of prior knowledge to compensate for the limited supervision offered by weakly labelled data, as well as Bayesian domain adaptation for transfer learning. Extensive experiments on the PASCAL VOC, ImageNet and YouTube-Object videos datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our Bayesian joint model for weakly supervised object localisation., Comment: Accepted in IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence

To investigate the efficacy of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)-transducted nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) in disc degeneration process in a canine disc degeneration model.The intervertebral disc degeneration of lumbar (L) 1-2, L3-4, and L5-6, from 12 female mongrels was prepared with the 20-gauge biopsy gun. Four weeks after animal model preparation, intervention experiment with rAAV-hTERT-transducted NPCs was conducted: group A, L1-2, serum-free medium with rAAV-hTERT modified NPCs; group B, L3-4, serum-free medium with NPCs; group C, L5-6, serum-free medium alone. Canines underwent digital radiography and magnetic resonance imaging 1 day before intervention, and 4, 8, and 12 weeks after intervention to evaluate the change of disc height and hydration status of interventional intervertebral discs. Twelve weeks after intervention, histological, biomechanical, and biochemical studies were carried out.The rAAV-hTERT-transducted NPCs were constructed successfully. The mRNA level of hTERT from rAAV-hTERT-transfected NPCs increased obviously. There was no significant change of disc height index observed between groups and within groups. The relative grayscale index (RGI) was maintained 8 weeks after the intervention in group A, whereas in group B and group C, the RGI decreased significantly (p0.05). No significant differences of the angle of lateral bending and extension-flexion bending were observed in group A compared with other groups (p0.05). The morphology of disc structure was preserved in group A. In group B, the structure of inner annulus was broken down and the jelly-like nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue transmitted into the fibrocartilaginous tissue. In group C, the jelly-like NP tissue was completely replaced by fibrocartilaginous tissue. In the NP, the content of proteoglycan (PG) and collagen II was higher in group A than in group C (p0.05). The content of PG was 13, 8.9, and 15.6 times higher than the content of collagen II in group A, group B, and group C, respectively.In 12 weeks of observation, rAAV-hTERT-transducted NPCs could delay the degeneration process in the canine model which was superior than the capacity of NPCs in preserving structure integrity, content of extracellular matrix, and mechanical stability.

It is used by the research platform based on the N32926 development board of Nuvoton Company, achieved the real-time capture and display of video. It is chosen RT-Thread as its operating system on the development board. It can be captured images video system by used OV7725 camera and then encoded these images with H.264, finally it can be decoded the images and convert the YUV data into RGB format and displayed.

RF energy harvesting holds a promisinge future for generating a small amount of electrical power to drive partial circuits in wirelessly communicating electronics devices. This paper presents an energy harvesting system based on LTC3108, which can effectively collect the surrounding WiFi energy. Two rectifier circuit, the Villard cascade circuit and the Greinacher circuit, were analyzed. In this paper, the Schottky diode HSMS-2852 was used to form the RF-DC rectifier circuit When the input voltage of the LTC3108 power management circuit is higher than 30mV, the output of the power management circuit can achieve at 3.29V.

With the rapid development of science and technology, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) gradually become the worldwide focus of science and technology. Not only the development and application but also the security of UAV is of great significance to modern society. Different from methods using radar, optical or acoustic sensors to detect UAV, this paper proposes a novel distance-based support vector data description (SVDD) algorithm using hash fingerprint as feature. This algorithm does not need large number of training samples and its computation complexity is low. Hash fingerprint is generated by extracting features of signal preamble waveforms. Distance-based SVDD algorithm is employed to efficiently detect and recognize low, slow, small unmanned aerial vehicles (LSSUAVs) using 2.4GHz frequency band.

In this paper, we tackle the problem of 24 hours-monitoring patient actions in a ward such as "stretching an arm out of the bed", "falling out of the bed", where temporal movements are subtle or significant. In the concerned scenarios, the relations between scene layouts and body kinematics (skeletons) become important cues to recognize actions; however they are hard to be secured at a testing stage. To address this problem, we propose a kinematic-layout-aware random forest which takes into account the kinematic-layout (\ie layout and skeletons), to maximize the discriminative power of depth image appearance. We integrate the kinematic-layout in the split criteria of random forests to guide the learning process by 1) determining the switch to either the depth appearance or the kinematic-layout information, and 2) implicitly closing the gap between two distributions obtained by the kinematic-layout and the appearance, when the kinematic-layout appears useful. The kinematic-layout information is not required for the test data, thus called "privileged information prior". The proposed method has also been testified in cross-view settings, by the use of view-invariant features and enforcing the consistency among synthetic-view data. Experimental evaluations on our new dataset PATIENT, CAD-60 and UWA3D (multiview) demonstrate that our method outperforms various state-of-the-arts.

We address the problem of localisation of objects as bounding boxes in images with weak labels. This weakly supervised object localisation problem has been tackled in the past using discriminative models where each object class is localised independently from other classes. We propose a novel framework based on Bayesian joint topic modelling. Our framework has three distinctive advantages over previous works: (1) All object classes and image backgrounds are modelled jointly together in a single generative model so that "explaining away" inference can resolve ambiguity and lead to better learning and localisation. (2) The Bayesian formulation of the model enables easy integration of prior knowledge about object appearance to compensate for limited supervision. (3) Our model can be learned with a mixture of weakly labelled and unlabelled data, allowing the large volume of unlabelled images on the Internet to be exploited for learning. Extensive experiments on the challenging VOC dataset demonstrate that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art competitors., Comment: iccv 2013

Most existing approaches to training object detectors rely on fully supervised learning, which requires the tedious manual annotation of object location in a training set. Recently there has been an increasing interest in developing weakly supervised approach to detector training where the object location is not manually annotated but automatically determined based on binary (weak) labels indicating if a training image contains the object. This is a challenging problem because each image can contain many candidate object locations which partially overlaps the object of interest. Existing approaches focus on how to best utilise the binary labels for object location annotation. In this paper we propose to solve this problem from a very different perspective by casting it as a transfer learning problem. Specifically, we formulate a novel transfer learning based on learning to rank, which effectively transfers a model for automatic annotation of object location from an auxiliary dataset to a target dataset with completely unrelated object categories. We show that our approach outperforms existing state-of-the-art weakly supervised approach to annotating objects in the challenging VOC dataset., Comment: BMVC 2012

Hypoxia in estuarine and coastal water is a critical environmental stressor on marine ecosystem worldwide. However, the inter-relationships between hypoxia and mesozooplankton have not been fully understood. This study investigated the biomass, community structure and grazing impact of mesozooplankton in the Pearl River Estuary during summer 2017 when bottom water hypoxia occurred. At the hypoxic stations, the biomass of mesozooplankton was relatively higher, the taxonomic diversity of mesozooplankton was lower, and the communities were more dominated by Acartia spp. and Paracalanus spp. than those of the non-hypoxic stations. The slopes of the NBSS (normalized biovolume size spectrum) were steeper at the hypoxic stations than non-hypoxic stations, indicating a higher contribution of small zooplankton species to the total community therein. Mesozooplankton consumed 0.06%–14.1% of phytoplankton standing stock daily. The ingestion rates of mesozooplankton in the hypoxic and non-hypoxic stations showed no significant difference, but the grazing impact was lower at the hypoxic stations than that at non-hypoxic stations. This may be due to the disproportionally high phytoplankton standing stock, and more importantly the changes of the community structure and physiology (e.g., feeding behavior and trophic mode) of mesozooplankton in the hypoxic condition. Overall, our study indicates the ecological relevance of mesozooplankton to bottom water hypoxia in estuarine and coastal waters and provides information for a better understanding of the estuarine and coastal ecosystems impacted by episodic hypoxia.

The codelivery of drugs and genes by stimuli-responsive nanocarriers is a promising strategy for achieving an effective cancer treatment. In this study, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-responsive nanosystem was constructed to codeliver doxorubicin (DOX) and p53 gene based on an ATP-triggered aptamer and polyethyleneimine (PEI). In this system, DOX interacts with the GC-rich motif of duplex formed by the aptamer and its cDNA sequence. Then, a ternary nanocomplex DOX-Duplex/PEI/p53 was constructed using cationic carrier PEI25K for facilitating the intracellular delivery and release of p53 gene and DOX. The DOX-Duplex/PEI/p53 nanocomplex was found to possess an efficient anticancer effect, which was attributed to the ability of the system to trigger cell apoptosis and meanwhile block the cell cycle at G2 phase. The favorable antiproliferative effect was found to be associated with the rapid DOX and p53 gene release in response to the intracellular ATP concentration and the synergistic effect of therapeutic drug and gene.

In the TCP/IP building intercom system, broadcast addressing or query-list addressing are often used to obtain the IP address of the called party. However, these methods are limited by the function of the network equipment, intolerable resource costs, and high failure rate of querying. To solve such problems, this paper presents a networking and addressing method in the TCP/IP building intercom system which is based on Distributed Hash Table (DHT). Results from theoretical analysis and simulations show the feasibility and superiority of such a method.

Authentication is the process where claims of identity are verified. Most mechanisms of authentication exist above the physical layer, though some exist at the physical layer often with an additional cost in bandwidth. This paper introduces a general analysis and design framework for authentication at the physical layer where the authentication information is transmitted synchronously with the data. By superimposing a carefully designed secret modulation (wavelet transform) on the waveforms, authentication is added to the signal without requiring additional bandwidth. Simulation results are given that demonstrate the potential application of this authentication technique.

Frequency offset brings a great impact on communication, a small amount of which may cause a serious decline in the performance of communication system. So frequency offset estimation has great significance. TD-LTE system is very sensitive to the frequency offset, we propose a method to estimate the integer frequency offset through calculating spectrum centroid. Simulation results show that the algorithm has a good performance and lower complexity compared with some integer frequency offset estimation algorithms based on data-aided.

In this paper, we formulate an interesting problem of multicriteria decision-making task ranking in social networks (MCDM-TR). MCDM-TR contains two phases: (1) finding a set of decision-making experts for tasks who not only complete the decision-making of the given task but also have the minimal communication cost among them; (2) ranking the decision-made tasks according to a certain decision standard. In this paper, we focus on these two phases and propose an efficient algorithm for multicriteria decision-making tasks in social networks. A case study of academic conferences quality evaluation system (ACQES) is also studied to illustrate our strategy.

With the continuous development of 3G networks, Femto has gotten more and more attention and development, as a kind of access technology in cellular base station,it improves indoor coverage、cell capacity and relieve network pressure of outdoor macro base station. But how to ensure the efficient and uninterrupted in communication network is a problem which we currently facing. This paper will solve this problem using HA (High Availability) technology, when the computer system or network hardware or software fail, it can switch to the backup system by the switch-over technology to achieve uninterrupted service and maintenance system availability.

As the technology matures and increased demand for wireless charging, the development of wireless power transfer technology is getting more and more concern. This paper analyzed the wireless power transfer system through mutual inductance equivalent model and obtained the mathematical relationship between various parameters. It also analyzed the system's losses type and proposed some methods to reduce losses. In this paper, a new structure of transformer was used to design a set of WPT system it was lighter, smaller and had got a high efficiency which reached 94% through experiments. Keywords-wireless power transfer; medium power; high

With the rapid development of economic globa-lization, the method of material identification in customs is behind the times. The higher identification efficiency is required by the increase of imports. In this paper, a new hyperspectral imaging intelligent material identifying system based on instantly scanning technique is proposed. The system is investigated by an identification experiment with 5 kinds of flour participated. The spectrum imaging device adopted is from MeiyaPico coded CP-2000B. 250 groups of spectral feature (400 to 750 nm) data are collected by the device. Sample sets retreated by removing the envelope using the radial basis function for kernel are transformed into a subspace. The database building and the identification are accompanied by SVM classification algorithm. In the experiments, the accuracy of system proposed is above 95%.

Because human visual perception is highly adapted for extracting structural information from a scene, but the existing SSIM index is a full reference method which needs entire information of reference images. In this paper, we develop a reduced reference SSIM method and evaluate its performance through a set of assessment criteria, as well as comparison to both EPSNR and SSIM methods on a database of images compressed with JPEG and JPEG2000.

In this paper, the problem on an unique equilibrium solution of the bidirectional associative memory neural networks with distributed time-varying delays is investigated via Lyapunov stability theory. By using topological degree theory and M-matrix theory, several sufficient conditions ensuring the existence, uniqueness and global asymptotic stability of equilibrium solution are derived. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.

A design scheme of wireless data transmission system is presented, which adopts Nuvoton N32926 embedded microprocessor as the system controller and RT-Thread embedded operation system is used. This paper describes the compiling and transplanting of TI CC3100 device driver, such that the system can send the data to CC3100 via the N32926 SPI interface. Finally, the description of how the system accomplishes the reception and transmission of data by the RF module of CC3100. This paper introduces the structure of the system framework and the realization of wireless transmission module.

Cognitive Radio (CR) is a promising technology for alleviating spectrum shortage problem. However, with the realization of CR, new security issues are gradually emerging, like Primary User Emulation (PUE) attack. This paper incorporates transient-based identification into cognitive radio network (CRN) to defend against the PUE attacks. A method of extracting transient envelope features for wireless devices identification based on multifractal has been presented. Utilizing the joint fingerprint features of multifractal slope and polynomial fitting for wireless devices identification, the results show that the recognition performance is greatly improved.

This paper presents an anti-interference method of massive multi-input multi-output (Massive MIMO) based on antenna selection. Assume that both the base station (BS) and mobile station (MS) can acquire real-time channel state information (CSI), the transmitter and receiver select a set of antennas to transmit signals according to the optimization criterion of maximum channel capacity using an improved distributed antenna selection algorithm with low complexity. After antenna selection, the interference from different spatial data flow is then aligned in one direction or into one subspace, leaving most of the spatial degrees of freedom for useful signals. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves considerably better performance than the zero-forcing (ZF) precoding solution, this advantage is especially obvious in a high SNR regime.

The main reason for intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is the decrease in the quantity and activity of IVD cells with subsequent reduction of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we investigated a cell-based repair strategy by injecting nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) transduced with human bone morphogenetic protein (hBMP7) by adeno-associated virus-2 into the canine degenerative IVD to determine whether NPCs expressing hBMP7 could delay the degeneration of the IVD. Fourteen canines received annular punctures to induce disc degeneration. Eight weeks later, saline (group A), allogeneic NPCs (group B), or allogeneic NPCs transduced with hBMP7 (group C) were injected into the degenerative discs. Twelve weeks after the injection, MRI scan showed that the degeneration process of groups C was slower and less severe compared with that of groups B and C. The IVD stability in group C was superior to that in groups A and B in left-right bending and rotation. HE, safranin-O staining, and ELISA indicated that the degenerative degree of the IVD in group C was significantly milder than that in groups A and B. The study demonstrated that the implantation of NPCs-hBMP7 could effectively maintained the structural integrity, ECM, and biomechanical properties of the canine degenerated discs. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1311-1322, 2017.

With the development of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques, distributed antenna systems gain more attention because of better signal coverage than centralized antenna systems. However, hardware costs and computational complexity appear to be a big problem with the growth in the number of antennas in distributed antenna systems as well. Research on antenna selection performance is conducted on indoor distributed antenna systems environment in order to solve the above problem. An antenna selection algorithm based on eigenvalues is proposed. Simulation results show that the algorithm cannot only achieve good antenna selection performance, but also has a much reduced computational cost.

This paper presents FCore: a JVM implementation of System F with support for full tail-call elimination (TCE). Our compilation technique for FCore is innovative in two respects: it uses a new representation for first-class functions called imperative functional objects; and it provides a way to do TCE on the JVM using constant space.

China had footnoted the frequency band will be authorized for IMT service in the 2007 World Radio Communication Conference(WRC[1]) According to China and international service applications, There will be coexistence between digital terrestrial multimedia broadcasting (DTMB) service and IMT service including TD-LTE service system. This paper targets deriving frequency isolation(FI)and appropriate coexistence circumvention measures between the two systems, and provide the necessary technical support for frequency planning and interference coordination.

Maritime communication has been considered as a core issue in the marine activities. However, insufficient knowledge of radio channel characteristics over the sea limits the development of wide-band wireless communication systems for maritime applications. In order to increase understanding of the radio channel over the sea, the modeling of wireless between the UAV and vessels is studied. In this work, a channel-modeling effort using the finite-difference time domain method (FDTD) is conducted to assess the effects of sea surface conditions on the marine communications. Data analysis conducted on the receiving waveform of many receiving points over the sea has produced the path loss characteristic.

By dividing the CASTEX process of Al-clad steel wire (AS wire) into two stages: the CASTEX stage and the bonding stage, this paper analyzes and studies the CASTEX force of the process at any wrapping angle and develops the analytical equations of this technology, which can be referred to in further studies and practical applications.

In recent years, image processing is more and more widely used in various aspects of the IT industry, and has aroused great attention of insiders, image processing research has been rapidly developed. Meanwhile, the rapid development of programmable logic devices, such as FPGA, makes the hardware implementation of image processing possible. Today, FPGA-based image processing research has become a hot area at home and abroad. In this context, this paper briefly introduces the theoretical basis of the image color constancy algorithm, the image display usage — the development process and driving principle and manner of LED large screen. Subsequently, the paper introduced the achievement of single-scale Retinex(SSR) algorithm on FPGA. It has a more specific elaboration of FPGA hardware platform for system design. Finally, in the last chapter gives a summary overview and system improvements envisaged to improve the system's flexibility and practicality, as well as provide a broader platform for further research.

The TDD-LTE system information which is also necessary to communicate each other well is a kind of important message between user equipment(UE) and eNodeB. Some important parameters are provided by system information to enable the UE to camp on a cell normally and access to common channel. The system information，of course，can provide the mobility management for UE in idle mode. On the base station side, there are two kinds of scheduling methods of in the TDD-LTE system, and they are fixed scheduling and dynamic scheduling. The MasterInformationBlock (MIB) and the System Information Block Type1 use the fixed scheduling，while the dynamic scheduling is applied to other System Information Blocks (SIB2~SIB13); and these system information are transmitted on the Downlink Shared Channel(DL-SCH). In consideration of using the radio resources reasonably and not affecting other downlink transmitted data，we proposed a dynamic scheduling strategy of system information based on the base station side. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i9.3309

Axillary bromidrosis adversely affects patients’ social and personal life with excessive malodor. Although surgical resection of the apocrine glands is one effective and irreversible method for treating axillary bromidrosis, the postoperation complications cannot be ignored. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcome of the authors’ modified tumescent superficial suction with a curettage procedure for axillary bromidrosis treatment. From January 2010 to December 2012, 450 patients with axillary bromidrosis visited the authors’ plastic surgery outpatient department and received the modified treated using tumescent superficial suction with a curettage procedure. A total of 170 patients were lost to follow-up evaluation and eliminated from this study. The follow-up period ranged from 5 to 35 months (mean 15.5 months). Among 280 patients, 261 (93.2 %) showed excellent to good results. Reoperation with the same procedure was performed for 15 patients, and all had excellent results afterward. The most common postoperative complication was transient ecchymosis (23.6 %). The modified suction and curettage procedure is an optimal therapeutic strategy for axillary bromidrosis treatment. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

To investigate whether the intervention of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells or human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene-transfected NP cells can prevent the degeneration process after allograft total disc transplantation.Eighteen canine lumbar intervertebral discs were obtained from five canines and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Canine nucleus pulposus cells were isolated and transduced with recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-hTERT. The cells were injected into the discs to construct a tissue-engineered allograft disc (group A). NP cells and DMEM/F12 were used for positive control (group B) and blank control (group C). 18 beagle dogs received the three groups of allograft intervertebral disc (IVD) composites implantation, respectively. Radiographic examinations were performed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postimplantation. At 12 weeks after operation, all dogs were sacrificed and the lumbar spines were harvested for the biomechanical analysis, and then the allografts underwent histological analysis, ectogenic NP cell tracing, and hTERT mRNA analysis.Bony fusion between the intervertebral disc allograft and the adjacent host intervertebral body were observed in all animals. The disc height and T2 signal intensity preservation in group A and B was better than group C. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) showed typical degenerative changes in group C. In group A, the normalized grayscale of the transplanted disc on MRI was significant higher compared with the controls at 12 weeks. A biomechanical test showed a poor stability preservation in group C compared to group A and B. PKH-26-positive cells were identified within the allograft discs in group A at 12 weeks, providing evidence of cell survival. Histological analysis showed the NP cell morphology, cell number, and distribution of the allograft discs was better preserved in group A and B compared to group C at a 12-week follow-up.The present study demonstrated that NP cells or hTERT-loaded NP cells intervention could effectively resist the degeneration of the allogenic transplanted intervertebral discs in a beagle model. The hTERT-loaded NP cells had a better antidegeneration effect on the transplanted disc than NP cells. This modified disc regeneration technique through NP cell injection or manipulation may have the potential to ensure the long-term function preservation of allograft disc transplantation.

No-reference(NR) video quality metrics are more practical in real-time applications compared to full-reference(FR) metrics. This contribution proposed a No-reference video quality assessment metric based on H.264/AVC bitstream through extracting features from the H.264/AVC encoded bitstream. After the extraction of the features which are very important for video quality assessment, we use Partial Least Squares Regression(PLSR) to calculate the weights of them. Then a quality prediction model is also proposed. During the experiments, the results show that our NR metric has low computing complexity. Finally, compared to subjective assessment, we find that there is a high correlation between quality prediction and the actual quality of 0.95.

This paper presents an implementation of Software-defined Radio (SDR) system over ARM Cortex-A9 processor. Compared with conventionally used general purpose CPU, e.g. X86 CPU, ARM processors have advantages in both price and power consumption under the same computing capability. Two basic issues of SDR over ARM are investigated: the real-time operation and signal processing efficiency. For the former issue, we select the Linux-based real-time operating system Xenomai, which is built on Cortex-A9 platform. Testing results show that the performance of Xenomai on Cortex-A9 meets the real-time requirement of SDR. Furthermore, the NEON technology of Cortex-A9 is used to optimize the complex signal processing algorithms in communication systems. Soft Demodulation is taken as an example for the optimization, and the experimental results are provided to show the improvement of signal processing efficiency.

Different animal models are being used in disc degenerative disease (DDD) research; most of these models are induced invasively rather than noninvasively. Computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous biopsy, widely used in clinical malignant pathology diagnosis, is a safe, useful, and highly accurate procedure. However, this process was not carried out in animal model preparation of intervertebral disc degeneration.To apply a minimally invasive method in DDD animal model preparation with a biopsy gun guided by CT scan and evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of this process with radiology and histology analyses. The relationship between the weight of removed nucleus pulposus (NP) and the degenerative process was also explored preliminarily.The canine intervertebral discs L1-L2, L3-L4, and L5-L6 were divided into three groups randomly: Group A: 18G biopsy gun; Group B: 20G biopsy gun; and Group C: 24G biopsy gun. After the lumbar spine was scanned with CT and the depth and angle of the centesis operation sites ascertained, biopsy gun was stabbed percutaneously through the annulus into the NP. A certain volume of NP tissue was removed by the biopsy gun. Radiology examination, including digital radiography (DR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), was carried out preoperatively and at first and third months postoperatively. Each sample was harvested at the 3rd month postoperation for histology evaluation.Computed tomography-guided percutaneous biopsy with 18G, 20G, and 24G biopsy guns was carried out for six discs, respectively. In the procedure, the weight of the NP tissue was removed: 3.0±0.53mg in Group A, 2.01±0.34 mg in Group B, and 0.99±0.12 mg in Group C. Significant differences of the weight of the removed NP tissue were calculated between groups (p.05). During the observation period, although the disc height of Group A and B was reduced, no significant differences in the disc height comparison were found between groups at each time point and within groups at different time points in DR analysis. However, the signal intensity of MRI was reduced significantly (p.05) in Group A when compared with Group C at third month, whereas the signal intensity was decrease mildly (p.05) in Group B when compared with Group C at third month. The decreased content of NP, the number of NP cells, and the loose annulus fibrosus at the inner area was observed in both hematoxylin-eosin and Safranin-O staining in Group A at the 3rd month postoperation.Computed tomography-guided percutaneous biopsy could be applied in intervertebral disc degeneration preparation of canine model, and the 20G biopsy gun would be the optimal choice in this procedure. The intervertebral disc degenerative process could be forecasted approximately on an account of the negative association between the degeneration process and the weight of the removed NP tissue.

Conference Name:International Conference on Automatic Control and Artificial Intelligence, ACAI 2012. Conference Address: Xiamen, China. Time:March 3, 2012 - March 5, 2012.

Conference Name:International Conference on Automatic Control and Artificial Intelligence, ACAI 2012. Conference Address: Xiamen, China. Time:March 3, 2012 - March 5, 2012.

The wireless transmitter will experience a transient process when switched on or off and the transient feature is different for each transmitter, by which identifying the transmitter is called Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFF), and it can be used to enhance the security of WLAN. In this paper, we set up the experimental platform and extract the transient signals, then normalize the signals and propose a Normalized Signal Similarity (NSS) algorithm for extracting the transient features. The experimental results show that the proposed approach could attain an average identification rate of over 90%. Besides, the proposed method overcomes the impact imposed by the real-time mobility of transmitters.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether human Wharton's jelly cells (WJCs) could be differentiated into nucleus pulposus (NP)-like cells by coculturing with NP cells (NPCs) in vitro. WJCs were isolated from the human umbilical cord, and NPCs were isolated from healthy human intervertebral disc. After coculturing WJCs with NPCs in a monolayer environment with or without cell-cell contact for 7 days, the real-time polymerase chain reaction showed the relative gene expressions of NP-marker genes (aggrecan, type II collagens, and SRY-type HMG box-9) were significantly increased (p

Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment (DDA) can adjust game difficulty level dynamically; so it generates a tailor-made experience for each gamer. If a game is too easy, the gamer will feel bored; if it is too hard, the gamer will become frustrated. DDA is a mechanism to overcome this dilemma and augment the entertainment of a game by dynamically adjusting the parameters, scenarios and behaviors in the game in real-time based on the gamer's personal ability [1]. We use Upper Confidence bound for Trees (UCT) to create the training data, and then train the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) off-line with that data [2]. Finally, we derive DDA from ANN approach. In this paper, the prey and predator game genre of Pac-Man is utilized as a test-bed, the procedure of training ANN is shown, and the feasibility of applying DDA to game artificial intelligence (AI) development is demonstrated.

The goal for Artificial Intelligent (AI) in modern video game field is about creating AI that is challengeable and interesting. This paper aims at implementing a method in which AI is controlled by Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) instead of Finite State Machine (FSM). Regarding as an automatic AI design, NPC controlled by MCTS outperforms FSM-controlled-NPC in mainly three aspects. We predict that, in order to produce challengeable and interesting opponents by MCTS, the resulting performance of opponent is determined by the length of simulation time of the MCTS method. Thus, we can adjust the opponents' intelligence by changing the length of simulation time. This research is based on Dead-End.

In this paper, a new variable step-size LMS algorithm based on computational verb rules is presented. This method allows the algorithm to converge faster and to produce smaller steady-state errors compared to other variable step-size LMS algorithms, even when the system is subjected to sudden changes. Furthermore, it provides a brand new framework that allows the designers to design adaptive algorithms in a simpler and more effective way by using computational verb rules to encode the designers' knowledge of dynamical processes. Simulation results are provided to show the usefulness of the proposed algorithm by comparing with other variable step-size LMS algorithms.

The Transmitted-Reference (TR) signaling scheme, in conjunction with Autocorrelation Receivers (AcR), has received much attention as the low complexity architecture for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) communications system. Due to the usage of the noisy received signal as the correlate tem-plate, the TR scheme suffers performance degradation at low signal-noise ratio (SNR) scenario. However, it enables the low complexity receiver the ability to exploit the dense multipath in the UWB channel. Hence, the TR scheme is superior to the conventional Rake receivers. In this paper, we propose a new TR scheme based UWB Receiver, which is Modify Differential Transmitted Reference (MDTR), to improve the SNR and BER performance of UWB. The corresponding signal frame structure and simulation results are provided and analyzed.

Objective assessment of image quality is important for a number of image processing applications. Compare to the other existing algorithms, the greatest advantage of the structural similarity (SSIM) metric is that the algorithm is based on the structural distortion of image and highly matches human subjectivity. By deeply studying the SSIM, we find it difficult to locate the detailed part of an image distortion clearly. In this paper, we present a novel approach which is called High-Distinguishability Structure Similarity (HD-SSIM) to promote the resolution of the SSIM map. Experiment results show that HD-SSIM is more consistent with HVS than SSIM especially for the images with texture distortion.