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154. Dietary isoleucine affects muscle fatty acid and amino acid profiles through regulating lipid metabolism and autophagy in hybrid catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂)

Author

Zhao, Ye, Dong, Xia, Guo, Chang-Rui, Feng, Lin, Liu, Yang, Jiang, Wei-Dan, Wu, Pei, Luo, Wei, Huang, Xiao-Li, Chen, De-Fang, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, and Jiang, Jun

Abstract

The present study explored the impacts of Ile on muscle fatty acid and amino acid profiles, lipid metabolism, and autophagy in hybrid catfish. Seven isonitrogenous (387.8 g/kg protein) semi-purified diets were formulated to contain 5.0 (control), 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, and 20.0 g Ile/kg diet respectively. The fish (initial weight of 33.11 ± 0.09 g) were randomly assigned to 7 groups for a 56-day trial. Each group has 3 replicates with 30 fish per replicate, fed at 08:00 and 18:00 each day. Results showed that muscle protein and lipid, C14:0, C18:0, C22:0, C14:1, C18:1n-9, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), Arg, Ile, Ala, Cys, Gly, Tyr, essential amino acid (EAA), and total amino acid (TAA) contents and flavor amino acid (FAA)/TAA in muscle had positive linear and/or quadratic responses to dietary Ile levels (P < 0.05). Fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activities had positive linear and/or quadratic responses, but carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) activity had a negative response with increasing dietary Ile levels (P < 0.05). The mRNA expressions of FAS, SCD, ACC, LPL, fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), FATP1, sterol response element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), and adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) had positive linear and/or quadratic responses to dietary Ile levels (P < 0.05). The mRNA expressions of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), CPT1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), PPARγ, uncoordinated 51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), beclin1 (Becn1), autophagy-related protein 9α (Atg9α), Atg4b, Atg7, autophagy marker light chain 3 B (LC3B), and SQSTM1in muscle had negative linear and/or quadratic responses to dietary Ile levels (P < 0.05). The p-AMPK and ULK1 protein levels, and p-AMPK/AMPK were decreased by 12.5 g Ile/kg in the diet (P < 0.05). Finally, SQSTM1 protein level had the opposite effect (P < 0.05). The above results indicate that dietary Ile improves fish muscle fatty acid and amino acid profiles potentially via respectively regulating lipid metabolism and autophagy. The Ile requirement of hybrid catfish (33 to 72 g) were estimated to be 12.63, 13.77, 13.75, 11.45, 10.50, 12.53 and 12.21 g/kg diet based on the regression analysis of protein, lipid, SFA, PUFA, FAA, EAA, and TAA muscle contents, respectively.

Published
2022
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155. Effects of dietary tryptophan on muscle growth, protein synthesis and antioxidant capacity in hybrid catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂.

Author

Jiang, Qin, Zhao, Ye, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, Wu, Xiao-Yun, Xu, Shang-Xiao, Feng, Lin, Liu, Yang, Jiang, Wei-Dan, Wu, Pei, Zhao, Juan, and Jiang, Jun

Subjects
MUSCLE protein metabolism, PROTEIN kinases, SKELETAL muscle, MUSCLE proteins, ANIMAL experimentation, MUSCLES, NUCLEAR proteins, NUCLEAR factor E2 related factor, ANTIOXIDANTS, CELL receptors, SUPEROXIDE dismutase, REGRESSION analysis, TRYPTOPHAN, DIETARY supplements, COMPARATIVE studies, MALONDIALDEHYDE, CATALASE, GENE expression, CELLULAR signal transduction, FISHES, MESSENGER RNA, TRANSFERASES, ENZYMES, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, TRANSCRIPTION factors, PHOSPHORYLATION, GLUTATHIONE peroxidase
Abstract

The present study evaluated effects of dietary supplementation with tryptophan (Trp) on muscle growth, protein synthesis and antioxidant capacity in hybrid catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂. Fish were fed six different diets containing 2·6 (control), 3·1, 3·7, 4·2, 4·7 and 5·6 g Trp/kg diet for 56 d, respectively. Results showed that dietary Trp significantly (1) improved muscle protein content, fibre density and frequency of fibre diameter; (2) up-regulated the mRNA levels of PCNA, myf5, MyoD1, MyoG, MRF4, IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-IR, PIK3Ca, TOR, 4EBP1 and S6K1; (3) increased phosphorylation levels of AKT, TOR and S6K1; (4) decreased contents of MDA and PC, and increased activities of CAT, GST, GR, ASA and AHR; (5) up-regulated mRNA levels of CuZnSOD, CAT, GST, GPx, GCLC and Nrf2, and decreased Keap1 mRNA level; (6) increased nuclear Nrf2 protein level and the intranuclear antioxidant response element-binding ability, and reduced Keap1 protein level. These results indicated that dietary Trp improved muscle growth, protein synthesis as well as antioxidant capacity, which might be partly related to myogenic regulatory factors, IGF/PIK3Ca/AKT/TOR and Keap1/Nrf2 signalling pathways. Finally, based on the quadratic regression analysis of muscle protein and MDA contents, the optimal Trp requirements of hybrid catfish (21·82–39·64 g) were estimated to be 3·94 and 3·93 g Trp/kg diet (9·57 and 9·54 g/kg of dietary protein), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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160. Dietary isoleucine improved flesh quality, muscle antioxidant capacity, and muscle growth associated with AKT/TOR/S6K1 and AKT/FOXO3a signaling in hybrid bagrid catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli ♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂)

Author

Jiang, Qin, primary, Yan, Ming-Yao, additional, Zhao, Ye, additional, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, additional, Yin, Long, additional, Feng, Lin, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Jiang, Wei-Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Wang, Yan, additional, Chen, De-Fang, additional, Yang, Shi-Yong, additional, Huang, Xiao-Li, additional, and Jiang, Jun, additional

Published
2021
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163. (2-Carboxyethyl) dimethylsulfonium bromide supplementation in non-fish meal diets for on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): Beneficial effects on immune function of the immune organs via modulation of NF-κB and TOR signalling pathway

Author

Wu, Pei, primary, Liu, Xing-Wei, additional, Feng, Lin, additional, Jiang, Wei-Dan, additional, Kuang, Sheng-Yao, additional, Tang, Ling, additional, Shi, He-Qun, additional, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, additional, and Liu, Yang, additional

Published
2020
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164. Dietary Isoleucine Improved Flesh Quality, Muscle Antioxidant Capacity, and Muscle Growth Associated with AKT/TOR/S6K1 and AKT/FOXO3a Signaling in Hybrid Bagrid Catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli ♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂)

Author

Jiang, Qin, primary, Yan, Ming-Yao, additional, Zhao, Ye, additional, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, additional, Yin, Long, additional, Feng, Lin, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Jiang, Wei-Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Wang, Yan, additional, Chen, De-Fang, additional, Yang, Shi-Yong, additional, Huang, Xiao-Li, additional, and Jiang, Jun, additional

Published
2020
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167. Protective effects and potential mechanisms of (2-Carboxyethyl) dimethylsulfonium Bromide (Br-DMPT) on gill health status of on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) after infection with Flavobacterium columnare

Author

Liu, Xing-Wei, primary, Zhang, Jin-Xiu, additional, Feng, Lin, additional, Jiang, Wei-Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Kuang, Sheng-Yao, additional, Tang, Ling, additional, Shi, He-Qun, additional, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, additional, and Liu, Yang, additional

Published
2020
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173. An emerging role of vitamin D3in amino acid absorption in different intestinal segments of on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Author

Zhang, Yao, Li, Chao-Nan, Jiang, Wei-Dan, Wu, Pei, Liu, Yang, Kuang, Sheng-Yao, Tang, Ling, Li, Shu-Wei, Jin, Xiao-Wan, Ren, Hong-Mei, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, and Feng, Lin

Abstract

Vitamin D3(VD3), an essential nutrient for animals, has been demonstrated to stimulate the uptake of certain amino acids. However, the role of VD3in the intestine, the primary site for digestion and absorption of nutrients, remains poorly characterized. Here, the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was studied to assess the influence of different doses of VD3(15.2, 364.3, 782.5, 1,167.9, 1,573.8, and 1,980.1 IU/kg) on growth performance, intestinal morphology, digestive absorption, amino acid transport, and potential signaling molecule levels in a feeding experiment. As a result, dietary VD3improved growth performance, intestinal structure, and digestive and brush border enzyme activities. Additionally, most intestinal free amino acids and their transporters were upregulated after VD3intake, except for Ala, Lys, Asp, Leu, solute carrier (SLC) 7A7, SLC1A5, and SLC1A3mRNA in different segments, Leu and SLC6A14 mRNA in the proximal intestine, and SLC7A5mRNA in the mid and distal intestine. In the crucial target of rapamycin (TOR) signal pathway of amino acid transport, the gene and protein expression of TOR, S6 kinase 1, and activating transcription factor 4 were elevated, whereas 4E-binding protein 1 was decreased, further suggesting an advanced amino acid absorption capacity in the fish due to VD3supplementation. Based on percentage weight gain, feed efficiency, and trypsin activity, the VD3requirements of on-growing grass carp were estimated to be 968.33, 1,005.00, and 1,166.67 IU/kg, respectively. Our findings provide novel recommendations for VD3supplementation to promote digestion and absorption capacities of fish, contributing to the overall productivity of aquaculture.

Published
2022
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174. Effects of dietary pyridoxine on the skin immunity, tight junctions, antioxidants and apoptosis of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) infected with Aeromonas hydrophila.

Author

Zheng, Xin, Jiang, Wei‐Dan, Feng, Lin, Wu, Pei, Liu, Yang, Jiang, Jun, Kuang, Sheng‐Yao, Tang, Ling, and Zhou, Xiao‐Qiu

Subjects
LYSOZYMES, GLUTATHIONE peroxidase, CTENOPHARYNGODON idella, MYOSIN light chain kinase, TIGHT junctions, AEROMONAS hydrophila, RIBOSOMAL proteins, IMMUNOGLOBULIN M
Abstract

In this study, fish were fed six diets containing different levels of pyridoxine (PN) for 10 weeks, and then infected with Aeromonas hydrophila for 2 weeks. The results showed that dietary supplementation with PN had a powerful effect on the inhibition of skin haemorrhage and lesion morbidity, and the enhancement of immunity after fish were infected with A. hydrophila. For example, PN increased the levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM), acid phosphatase (ACP), complement 3 (C3), lysozyme (LZ), C4, antimicrobial peptides, target of rapamycin (TOR), anti‐inflammatory cytokines, ribosomal protein S6 kinases 1 (S6K1) and inhibitor of κBα (IκBα), while decreasing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines [except interleukin‐12 p40 (IL‐12p40)], eIF4E‐binding proteins (4E‐BP), IκB kinase β (IKKβ) and nuclear factor κB p65 (NF‐κBp65) in grass carp skin. Additionally, dietary supplementation with PN increased the levels of tight junction proteins (not claudin‐15 and claudin‐12), antioxidant enzymes [except manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity and gene expression, glutathione peroxidase 4a (GPx4a) and GPx4b gene expression], NF‐E2‐related Factor 2 (Nrf2), myeloid cell leukaemia‐1 (Mcl‐1) and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP), while decreasing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein carbonyl (PC), Kelch‐like ECH‐associating protein 1a (Keap1a) myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), cysteinyl aspartic acid protease‐9 (caspase‐9), caspase‐8, caspase‐7, caspase‐3, Bcl‐2‐associated X protein (Bax), p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and apoptotic protease‐activating factor 1 (Apaf‐1) in grass carp skin. In summary, dietary PN can enhance the immunity of fish skin via elevated immune substances, an eased inflammatory response and an improved barrier integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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183. Xylanase supplementation in plant protein‐enriched diets improves growth performance by optimizing the intestinal microflora and enhancing the intestinal immune function in grass carp grow‐out ( Ctenopharyngodon idella )

Author

Jin, Yu‐Lin, primary, Zhou, Xiao‐Qiu, additional, Jiang, Wei‐Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Jiang, Jun, additional, Zeng, Yun‐Yun, additional, Kuang, Sheng‐Yao, additional, Tang, Ling, additional, Zhang, Yong‐An, additional, and Feng, Lin, additional

Published
2020
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185. Dietary biotin deficiency decreased growth performance and impaired the immune function of the head kidney, spleen and skin in on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Author

He, Peng, primary, Jiang, Wei-Dan, additional, Liu, Xiang-An, additional, Feng, Lin, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Jiang, Jun, additional, Tan, Bei-Ping, additional, Yang, Qi-Hui, additional, Kuang, Sheng-Yao, additional, Tang, Ling, additional, and Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, additional

Published
2020
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186. Leucine Improved Growth Performance, Muscle Growth, and Muscle Protein Deposition Through AKT/TOR and AKT/FOXO3a Signaling Pathways in Hybrid Catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli × Leiocassis longirostris

Author

Zhao, Ye, primary, Li, Jin-Yang, additional, Jiang, Qin, additional, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, additional, Feng, Lin, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Jiang, Wei-Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Zhou, Jian, additional, Zhao, Juan, additional, and Jiang, Jun, additional

Published
2020
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188. Effect of dietary threonine on growth performance and muscle growth, protein synthesis and antioxidant-related signalling pathways of hybrid catfishPelteobagrus vachelli♀ ×Leiocassis longirostris♂

Author

Zhao, Ye, primary, Jiang, Qin, additional, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, additional, Xu, Shang-Xiao, additional, Feng, Lin, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Jiang, Wei-Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Zhao, Juan, additional, and Jiang, Jun, additional

Published
2019
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191. Soybean β-conglycinin caused intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage in association with NF-κB, TOR and Nrf2 in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): varying among different intestinal segments

Author

Duan, Xu-Dong, primary, Jiang, Wei-Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Jiang, Jun, additional, Tan, Bei-Ping, additional, Yang, Qi-Hui, additional, Kuang, Sheng-Yao, additional, Tang, Ling, additional, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, additional, and Feng, Lin, additional

Published
2019
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194. Effects of dietary methionine on growth performance, muscle nutritive deposition, muscle fibre growth and type I collagen synthesis of on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

Author

Fang, Chuang-Chuang, Feng, Lin, Jiang, Wei-Dan, Wu, Pei, Liu, Yang, Kuang, Sheng-Yao, Tang, Ling, Liu, Xiang-An, and Zhou, Xiao-Qiu

Subjects
SKELETAL muscle physiology, COLLAGEN, PROTEIN kinases, TRANSFORMING growth factors-beta, SKELETAL muscle, MUSCLE proteins, MUSCLES, ANIMAL experimentation, METHIONINE, MUSCULAR hypertrophy, INGESTION, SIGNAL peptides, CELLULAR signal transduction, WEIGHT gain, FISHES, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, AMINO acids, LIPIDS, FATTY acids, CARRIER proteins, METABOLISM
Abstract

In the current research, a 60-d experiment was conducted with the purpose of exploring the impacts of methionine (Met) on growth performance, muscle nutritive deposition, muscle fibre growth and type I collagen synthesis as well as the related signalling pathway. Six diets (iso-nitrogenous) differing in Met concentrations (2·54, 4·85, 7·43, 10·12, 12·40 and 15·11 g/kg diets) were fed to 540 grass carp (178·47 (SD 0·36) g). Results showed (P < 0·05) that compared with Met deficiency, optimal level of dietary Met (1) increased feed intake, feed efficiency, specific growth rate and percentage weight gain (PWG); (2) increased fish muscle protein, lipid and free amino acid contents and improved fish muscle fatty acid profile as well as increased protein content in part associated with the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1)/S6K1 signalling pathway; (3) increased the frequency distribution of muscle fibre with >50 µm of diameter; (4) increased type I collagen synthesis partly related to the transforming growth factor-β1/Smads and CK2/TORC1 signalling pathways. In conclusion, dietary Met improved muscle growth, which might be due to the regulation of muscle nutritive deposition, muscle fibre growth and type I collagen synthesis-related signal molecules. Finally, according to PWG and muscle collagen content, the Met requirements for on-growing grass carp (178–626 g) were estimated to be 9·56 g/kg diet (33·26 g/kg protein of diet) and 9·28 g/kg diet (32·29 g/kg of dietary protein), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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195. An emerging role of guanidine acetic acid in rescuing immune function injured by Aeromonas hydrophilain grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Author

Xu, Zhi-Yao, Yang, Ling-Lan, Feng, Lin, Jiang, Wei-Dan, Wu, Pei, Liu, Yang, Zhang, Lu, Yang, Juan, and Zhou, Xiao-Qiu

Abstract

Guanidine acetic acid (GAA) is a safe feed additive and the only precursor for the creatine synthesis of vertebrates. Aeromonas hydrophilais a major fish pathogen causing severe morbidity and mortality in the aquaculture sector. Under the current intensive farming system, A feed additive that can improve fish disease resistance is urgently needed. In teleost fish, the spleen (SP) and head kidney (HK) play a crucial role in peripheral immunity organs and fish skin (SK) serves as one of the most important mucosal barriers. Thus, the study focused on immune defense substances, inflammatory process, and mechanisms of molecular action in the HK, SP, and SK of on-growing grass carp (169.46–600.89 g). The fish were fed graded levels of GAA (0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 mg/kg) for 60 days, and then conducted a 14-day challenge experiment by intraperitoneal injection of Aeromonas hydrophila. In our results, we found that 300 or 450 mg/kg GAA could down-regulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-(1β, 6, 12p40 and 17D), TNF-α and IFN-γ2 mRNA expression, and up-regulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-(10, 11 and 4/13 A) and TGF-β1 mRNA expression in the HK, SP and SK. Furthermore, 300 or 450 mg/kg GAA could up-regulate the mRNA expression and promote the protein phosphorylation of STAT3 in the HK, SP and SK. Indicating that in the case of Aeromonas hydrophila.challenge, GAA could enhance the immune defense and mediated the inflammatory process, possibly via the JAKs-STATs signaling pathway in fish.

Published
2024
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197. Supplementation exogenous bile acid improved growth and intestinal immune function associated with NF-κB and TOR signalling pathways in on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): Enhancement the effect of protein-sparing by dietary lipid

Author

Peng, Xiu-Rong, primary, Feng, Lin, additional, Jiang, Wei-Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Jiang, Jun, additional, Kuang, Sheng-Yao, additional, Tang, Ling, additional, and Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, additional

Published
2019
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199. Dietary taurine supplementation to a plant protein source‐based diet improved the growth and intestinal immune function of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Author

Yan, Liang‐Chao, primary, Feng, Lin, additional, Jiang, Wei‐Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Jiang, Jun, additional, Tang, Ling, additional, Tang, Wu‐Neng, additional, Zhang, Yong‐An, additional, Yang, Juan, additional, Zhou, Xiao‐Qiu, additional, and Kuang, Sheng‐Yao, additional

Published
2019
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200. Dietary soybean β‐conglycinin suppresses growth performance and inconsistently triggers apoptosis in the intestine of juvenile grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) in association with ROS‐mediated MAPK signalling

Author

Duan, Xu‐Dong, primary, Feng, Lin, additional, Jiang, Wei‐Dan, additional, Wu, Pei, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Kuang, Sheng‐Yao, additional, Tang, Ling, additional, Tang, Wu‐Neng, additional, Zhang, Yong‐An, additional, and Zhou, Xiao‐Qiu, additional

Published
2019
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