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Background: To explore the impact of ARGs on the prognosis of NSCLC, and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and immune microenvironment. Preliminary research on the biological functions of CEBPA in NSCLC. Methods: Using consensus clustering analysis to identify molecular subtypes of ARGs in NSCLC patients; employing LASSO regression and multivariate Cox analysis to select 7 prognostic risk genes and construct a prognostic risk model; validating independent prognostic factors of NSCLC using forest plot analysis; analyzing immune microenvironment correlations using ESTIMATE and ssGSEA; assessing correlations between prognostic risk genes via qPCR and Western blot in NSCLC; measuring mRNA and protein expression levels of knocked down and overexpressed CEBPA in NSCLC using CCK-8 and EdU assays; evaluating the effects of knocked down and overexpressed CEBPA on cell proliferation using Transwell experiments; examining the correlation of CEBPA with T cells and B cells using mIHC analysis. Results: Consensus clustering analysis identified three molecular subtypes, suggesting significant differential expression of these ARGs in NSCLC prognosis and clinical pathological parameters. There was significant differential expression between the two risk groups in the prognostic risk model, with P < 0.001. The risk score of the prognostic risk model was also P < 0.001. CEBPA exhibited higher mRNA and protein expression levels in NSCLC cell lines. Knockdown of CEBPA significantly reduced mRNA and protein expression levels of CEBPB, YWHAZ, ABL1, and CDK1 in H1650 and A549 cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of CEBPA markedly inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells, whereas overexpression of CEBPA showed the opposite trend. mIHC results indicated a significant increase in CD3 + CD4+, CD3 + CD8+, and CD20 + cell counts in the high CEBPA expression group. Conclusions: The risk score of the prognostic risk model can serve as an independent prognostic factor, guiding the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC. CEBPA may serve as a potential tumor biomarker and immune target, facilitating further exploration of the biological functions and immunological relevance in NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reaction of (P)AuOTf [P=P(t‐Bu)2o‐biphenyl] with indenyl‐ or 3‐methylindenyl lithium led to isolation of gold η1‐indenyl complexes (P)Au(η1‐inden‐1‐yl) (1 a) and (P)Au(η1‐3‐methylinden‐1‐yl) (1 b), respectively, in >65 % yield. Whereas complex 1 b is static, complex 1 a undergoes facile, degenerate 1,3‐migration of gold about the indenyl ligand (ΔG≠153K=9.1±1.1 kcal/mol). Treatment of complexes 1 a and 1 b with (P)AuNTf2 led to formation of the corresponding cationic bis(gold) indenyl complexes trans‐[(P)Au]2(η1,η1‐inden‐1,3‐yl) (2 a) and trans‐[(P)Au]2(η1,η2‐3‐methylinden‐1‐yl) (2 b), respectively, which were characterized spectroscopically and modeled computationally. Despite the absence of aurophilic stabilization in complexes 2 a and 2 b, the binding affinity of mono(gold) complex 1 a toward exogenous (P)Au+ exceed that of free indene by ~350‐fold and similarly the binding affinity of 1 b toward exogenous (P)Au+ exceed that of 3‐methylindene by ~50‐fold. The energy barrier for protodeauration of bis(gold) indenyl complex 2 a with HOAc was ≥8 kcal/mol higher than for protodeauration of mono(gold) complex 1 a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Appropriately characterising the mixed space–time relations of the contagion process caused by hybrid space and time factors remains the primary challenge in COVID‐19 forecasting. However, in previous deep learning models for epidemic forecasting, spatial and temporal variations are captured separately. A unified model is developed to cover all spatio–temporal relations. However, this measure is insufficient for modelling the complex spatio–temporal relations of infectious disease transmission. A dynamic adaptive spatio–temporal graph network (DASTGN) is proposed based on attention mechanisms to improve prediction accuracy. In DASTGN, complex spatio–temporal relations are depicted by adaptively fusing the mixed space–time effects and dynamic space–time dependency structure. This dual‐scale model considers the time‐specific, space‐specific, and direct effects of the propagation process at the fine‐grained level. Furthermore, the model characterises impacts from various space–time neighbour blocks under time‐varying interventions at the coarse‐grained level. The performance comparisons on the three COVID‐19 datasets reveal that DASTGN achieves state‐of‐the‐art results with a maximum improvement of 17.092% in the root mean‐square error and 11.563% in the mean absolute error. Experimental results indicate that the mechanisms of designing DASTGN can effectively detect some spreading characteristics of COVID‐19. The spatio–temporal weight matrices learned in each proposed module reveal diffusion patterns in various scenarios. In conclusion, DASTGN has successfully captured the dynamic spatio–temporal variations of COVID‐19, and considering multiple dynamic space–time relationships is essential in epidemic forecasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional (2D) organic–inorganic perovskites have shown interesting optical properties due to the natural quantum-well structures. The repetition of soft organic and hard inorganic intercalations also renders 2D perovskites rich phonon dynamics. Here, we investigated the coherent acoustic phonons in (PEA)2PbI4 perovskite films by time-resolved Brillouin spectroscopy. The coherent acoustic phonons were launched indirectly in perovskite films by exciting Au nanoplates which were used as optoacoustic transducers. A longitudinal sound velocity ν = 1937 ± 31 m/s, and an elastic modulus E = 9.84 GPa along the cross-plane direction of perovskites were obtained from analysis of the Brillouin oscillation frequency. Following a bead-spring model, we calculated a spring constant k ≈ 1.709 N m−1 for PEA cations which is comparably small for perovskites. We also demonstrated that coherent acoustic phonons are sensitive to differentiate structural heterogeneity and monitor dynamic phase evolution in perovskite films. Domains of PbI2-rich and PbI2-poor phases were identified. Under light stimulus, PbI2-poor phases were gradually disappearing and PbI2-rich phases became crystallized. The observations of structural and elastic heterogeneity and dynamic phase evolution using coherent acoustic phonons provide a toolbox for submicroscale elastic characterization of perovskites.