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The main aim of this research article is to develop an econometric model in order to establish the influence of green performance on digitization, green production and environment commitment. The data was collected through a questionnaire- based survey on companies’ representatives. The analysis was made using the Partial Least Square ‒ Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with the statistical software SmartPLS. The results of the research confirm the three hypotheses. Thus, green performance of Romanian companies has a positive impact on green production, digitization and environment commitment. The novelty consists in the interconnected analysis of the four variables (green performance, digitization, green production and environment commitment), the research highlighting valuable results that can be used by the companies to improve their green performance, using green production and digitization. The paper offers a picture of the sustainable transformation of Romanian companies based on the industry 4.0, green production and environment commitment, highlighting the interdependence of the analysed variables. The research is helpful for companies that want to be more responsible towards the environment and the community

"Empower Green Production” is the guiding theme of the 31st AWK, which will point the way to a value-adding circular economy in four parallel lecture series with a total of twelve technical and keynote lectures as well as eight plenary lectures from science and practice from May 11 to 12, 2023. This conference proceedings uses numerous concrete examples from current industrial and research projects to describe which technologies and strategies will promote this transformation, how companies can select their individual tools for the change from the wealth of methods available, and which challenges applied production research can specifically support. The four central thematic blocks of the AWK include contributions on high-performance and resilient data infrastructures, on modelling and analyses with the aim of more resourceefficient manufacturing, on scenarios and business models for sustainable value creation, and on technologies and processes for a value-adding circular economy. This book summarizes the contents of the lectures, makes it avaccessible and intends to inspire the scientific community and the interested specialist audience in the form of an open access publication. Its individual contributions were compiled and elaborated by the staff of the Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, WZL | RWTH Aachen University and the Fraunhofer IPT, Institute for Production Technology together with renowned experts and speakers from industry, economy, science and politics.

"Empower Green Production” is the guiding theme of the 31st AWK, which will point the way to a valueadding circular economy in four parallel lecture series with a total of twelve technical and keynote lectures as well as eight plenary lectures from science and practice from May 11 to 12, 2023. This conference abstracts use numerous concrete examples from current industrial and research projects to describe which technologies and strategies will promote this transformation, how companies can select their individual tools for the change from the wealth of methods available, and which challenges applied production research can specifically support. The four central thematic blocks of the AWK include contributions on highperformance and resilient data infrastructures, on modeling and analyses with the aim of more resource-efficient manufacturing, on scenarios and business models for sustainable value creation, and on technologies and processes for a value-adding circular economy. This book summarizes the contents of the lectures, makes it avaccessible and intends to inspire the scientific community and the interested specialist audience in the form of an open access publication. Its individual contributions were compiled and elaborated by the staff of the Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL | RWTH Aachen University and the Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT together with renowned experts and speakers from industry, economy, science and politics.

In the modern age of Industry 4.0 and manufacturing servitisation, energy saving and environment consciousness are regarded as vital themes in manufacturing processes to reduce carbon tax and achieve sustainable development. For the past 20 years, the concept of green manufacturing has grown from infancy to a fully formed framework agreed upon by world‐leading enterprises. With the unprecedented development of the information technology today, the industrial data collected could assist in the in‐depth study on green manufacturing, which ranges from the operations of machining tools all the way to supply chain management. The wide scope of research promises a tremendous amount of annual publications in this field. To better facilitate follow‐up research work, the present study provides a systematic overview of green manufacturing‐related areas, including research progress and the developed features. The article set retrieved from the Web of Science contains 5989 documents related to green manufacturing. It is revealed that Journal of Cleaner Production is the most productive journal, archiving documents within the scope of green manufacturing. P. R. China tops the list of the number of documents with 1357 documents (22.66%), while Zhejiang University is the most productive institution. As the cooperation network indicates, P. R. China and the United States maintain the strongest collaborative links with other countries/regions. Finally, possible future directions are recommended based on the findings in the study. For instance, additive manufacturing technology and industrial IoT both have a great potential in green manufacturing; the weak link between the disciplines of manufacturing engineering and environmental science is expected to be strengthened, and a stronger international cooperation is believed to be beneficial to the field for the otherwise isolated countries/regions.

The aimof this work is to study of standardization parameters and pharmacological properties of Harpagophytum procumbens (H. procumbens) root dry extract. Materials and methods– obtaining of H. procumbens root dry extract was performed in accordance with developed scheme that is characterized by simplicity and cost-effectiveness of technology compared to analogous scheme. Study of standardization parameters of obtained extract was performed in accordance with the requirements of the monograph «Harpagophyti extractum siccum» of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine 2.2., harmonized with the monograph «Harpagophyti extractum siccum» of the European Pharmacopoeia 9.5. Pharmacology study of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities were conducted on the rat pawformalin-inducededema model. Results.Obtained H. procumbens root dry extract is a free flowing, non-hygroscopic, light brown powder with taste and odor that is specific to raw material of H. procumbens. Determined loss on drying was 3.2±0.18 %. Content of heavy metals in dry extract was not more than 0.01 % (100 ppm). Harpagoside was identified by TLC method. Chromatographic zones on the obtained chromatograms of the reference solution and test solutions are the same in intensity of a color, cross-over and sharpness of development. Based on the results of the research performed by HPLC method, it has been established that content of harpagoside in investigated H. procumbens root dry extract is 2.50±0.02 %. According to the results of pharmacological research it was found that investigated dry extract (the content of harpagoside is not less than 37.0 mg/kg) showed a higher activity compared to reference drug («Phong Te Thap»). Conclusions.A new method of obtaining dry extract of H. procumbens (3.5:1) was proposed. The developed green production technology is simple; it does not require special equipment and expensive solvents. A correspondence of quality parameters with the requirements of State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine and European Pharmacopoeia: appearance, identification of harpagoside and fructose, loss of drying, content of heavy metals, assay of harpagoside (2.50±0.02 %) was set. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of H. procumbens dry extract has been established

In the process of the “green revolution”, individuals have realized the importance of recycling waste materials. However, with ongoing individual changes in lifestyle, the huge resource of discarded wooden furniture is still considerably underutilized. This paper aims to provide new ideas for the recycling of discarded wooden furniture and to create added value to used furniture. Based on the summarization of existing recycling technology and methods, the diversified innovation and reuse of discarded wooden furniture integrating the current aesthetic and demand of people from multiple aspects are analyzed for the purpose of revealing the hidden value of waste materials. Waste recycling is of great importance to the country and enterprises in line with the concept of circular economy. For the sake of further excavating the hidden value of discarded wooden furniture products, the additional in-depth research in optimizing and upgrading green production and manufacturing in furniture industry is called for in the paper.

Given the current global energy and environmental issues resulting from the fast pace of industrialization, the discovery of new functional materials has become increasingly imperative in order to advance science and technology and address the associated challenges. The boom in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-derived materials in recent years has stimulated profound interest in exploring their structures and applications. The preparation, characterization, and processing of MOF materials are the basis of their full engagement in industrial implementation. With intensive research in these topics, it is time to promote the practical utilization of MOFs on an industrial scale, such as for green chemical engineering, by taking advantage of their superior functions. Many famous MOFs have already demonstrated superiority over traditional materials in solving real-world problems. This review starts with the basic concept of MOF chemistry and ends with a discussion of the industrial production and exploitation of MOFs in several fields. Its goal is to provide a general scope of application to inspire MOF researchers to convert their focus on academic research to one on practical applications. After the obstacles of cost, scale-up preparation, processability, and stability have been overcome, MOFs and MOF-based devices will gradually enter the factory, become a part of our daily lives, and help to create a future based on green production and green living.

Silica has become a popular material due to its high abundance and many advantages in various fields. This material can be produced synthetically and extracted from nature with resultant advantages in the application of green production. Therefore, this article deals with the form of silica extracted from quartz sand, leaves, and agricultural wastes found in nature. The extraction process from various sources would be described using thermal, biological, and chemical methods. This review also highlights the potential application of silica as a photo catalytic antibacterial-supporting material and discusses its role in increasing the effectiveness of the process. The discussion was continued with research on this procedure, where synthetic auxiliary materials were compared to the extracted silica. Furthermore, results obtained indicated that the extracted material had very good potential as a photocatalyst adjunct in its application in the antibacterial field.

Bu çalışmada, işletmelerin yeşil tedarik zinciri süreçlerinde yenilikçi teknolojileri kullanımına yönelik bir değerlendirme yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, anket yöntemiyle 50 firmadan veriler elde edilmiş ve SPSS 26 programıyla analiz edilmiştir. Öncelikle, yeşil tedarik zincirinin satın alma, tasarım, üretim, paketleme, pazarlama, dağıtım ve tersine lojistik süreçlerinde yenilikçi teknolojilerin kullanım oranları ve yenilikçi teknoloji kullanımının sektör, faaliyet yılı, çalışan sayısına bazlı dağılımı sonuçları verilmiştir. Yenilikçi teknolojilerin yeşil tedarik zinciri süreçleri ile ilişkisini test etmek amacıyla korelasyon analizi yapılmış ve her bir sürecin yenilikçi teknoloji kullanımı ile anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ardından, yenilikçi teknolojilerin yeşil tedarik zinciri süreçleri üzerine bir etkisinin olup olmadığını test etmek amacıyla basit doğrusal regresyon yapılmış ve yenilikçi teknolojilerin her bir süreç üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Son olarak, yenilikçi teknolojilerin yeşil tedarik zinciri süreçlerinde kullanım farklılığını test etmek için one-way anova analizi yapılmış ve farkın nereden kaynaklandığını bulmak için Post-hoc testleri kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre, nesnelerin interneti, robotik, 3D/4D katmanlı üretim, yapay zeka, artırılmış gerçeklik, simülasyon, konum algılama sistemleri, akıllı sensörler ve sosyal medya yeşil tedarik zinciri süreçlerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterirken; kuantum bilişim, blok zincir, büyük veri, siber fiziksel sistemler, bulut ve otomatik depolama ve erişim sistemlerinin ilgili süreçlerde kullanımı arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı görülmüştür. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the use of innovative technologies in green supply chain processes of companies. In this direction, data were obtained from 50 companies with the survey method and analyzed with the SPSS 26 program. First of all, the results of the use of innovative technologies in the purchasing, design, production, packaging, marketing, distribution and reverse logistics processes of the green supply chain and the distribution of innovative technology use by sector, operating year and number of employees are given. Correlation analysis was conducted to test the relationship between innovative technologies and green supply chain processes, and it was concluded that each process had a significant and positive relationship with the use of innovative technology. Then, simple linear regression was performed to test whether innovative technologies have an effect on green supply chain processes and it was seen that innovative technologies had a significant and positive effect on each process. Finally, one-way ANOVA analysis was conducted to test the difference in usage of innovative technologies in green supply chain processes and Post-hoc tests were used to find out where the difference originated. According to the results, while the Internet of things, robotics, 3D/4D additive manufacturing, artificial intelligence, augmented reality, simulation, location sensing systems, smart sensors and social media show a significant difference according to green supply chain processes; It has been observed that there is no significant difference between the use of quantum computing, blockchain, big data, cyber-physical systems, cloud and automated storage and access systems in related processes.

As an innovative tactic, the core aspects of green products should be comprehensively demonstrated and firmly promoted to enhance their adoption. For doing so, continuous governmental support and interventions through distinct sets of networking and relationships could be crucial for synthesizing and diffusing the extent of green production demonstration households. Interestingly, the structural relationship between these two has not yet been evaluated comprehensively by the existing literature. Therefore, the study empirically analyzes the impact and mechanism of government relationships embedded in fostering green production demonstration households. The study compiles the empirical data from 963 farmers which were collected from the major tea-producing areas of Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Anhui provinces, China. In order to craft the findings, first we constructed the ordered Probit for benchmark regression analysis. Meanwhile, the Ordinary Standard Error Ordered Probit model, Ordered Logit model, and multivariate linear model were constructed for the robustness test. Third, the Extended Ordered Probit model and Bootstrap mediation effect model were used to test the path diagram. Finally, robustness testing and endogeneity processing test were used to explore the reliability of the findings. The results showed that: (i) Government relationship embedding has a positive effect on fostering green production demonstration households. In particular, factors such as relationships with general government staff, professional and technical personnel, and village cadre are most significant. (ii) Seemingly, the heterogeneity analysis shows that the farmers with large operating scales and low family economic status have a relatively stronger impact. (iii) Further mechanism research results show that government relations are embedded through government identification (policy identification, government trust), improving farmers’ behavioral ability (production knowledge reserve, self-efficacy), and strengthening farmers’ perceived value of green production (self-interest perception, altruistic values). Therefore, the government should strengthen the interactive mechanism embedded with farm households and extend support for green production demonstration zones. The farmers’ information-sharing facilities and platforms should be modernized and highlighted according to the local conditions and long-term targeted strategies.

To clarify the endogenous relationship and coupling coordination mechanism of a coordinated development between the economy, an ecological environment, and a health system. From the perspective of green production, an index evaluation system of the economy, ecological environment, and health system was constructed by using principal component analysis. At the same time, the entropy method and the coupling coordination model are used to analyze and measure the coupling coordination relationship between the economy, the ecological environment, and the health system of China's green production from 2009 to 2016. (1) Health is a key factor in the green production system. (2) From the perspective of time clues, the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree between the economy, the ecological environment, and the health system of China's green production increased during 2009–2016, and the change of coupling coordination degree was approximately M-shaped. However, after 2012, the coupling coordination scores of the three systems showed a downward trend. (3) From the perspective of spatial clues, the coupling coordination relationship between the economy, the ecological environment, and the health system of green production in the eastern region is obviously better than that in the central and western regions. In particular, 2014 was a turning point in the coupling and coordination relationship between the east, the central and the west. Before 2014, the coupling and coordination relationship of the economy, the ecological environment, and the health system in eastern, central and western China showed an upward trend (except in Xinjiang). After 2014, the coupling and coordination relationship in the eastern region developed polarization. The central and western regions showed a trend of deterioration and maladjustment. (4) The leading provinces in terms of coupling coordination level are Shanghai > Zhejiang > Beijing > Inner Mongolia, and the most backward province is Xinjiang. Paying attention to the coupling and coordination relationship between green production systems provides a new way to achieve the goal of green, healthy, and sustainable development.

Sustainable production policy has encouraged batik industry to switch synthetic dyes to natural dyes. However, the production process still brings negative impacts on the environment as well as on humans. In order to solve this problem, the batik industry needs to develop green production model using cleaner production options. The purpose of this research is to design green production model for greening the natural dyes batik industry. The research was conducted in the natural dyes batik industry “Mbah Guru”. Mbah Guru batik industry is located in Lamongan, East Java. The research used a feasibility study by using Pay Back Period (PBP). The last decision making of cleaner production options was used Bayes Method to assess and determine cleaner production options based on technical, economical, and environmental aspects. The result showed that all of cleaner production options are feasible. "Fertilizer making from natural dyes" had the shortest payback period of 0,057 years and "two steps washing for all washing processes" had the longest payback period of 0,92 years. The highest criterion weight was the environmental aspect of 0.41 and followed by the economical aspect of 0.35. “Natural dyes wastewater reusing” became the most priority of the cleaner production options. The batik industry will be more profitable if it is able to properly implement the recommended process improvements so that the negative impacts, both the environment and on humans, can be minimized.

Agricultural green production (AGP) and efficiency improvement of smallholders' management are the objective requirements for the development of China's modernized agriculture and the understanding of the rural vitalization strategy. Based on field survey data of 582 rice farmers in Shaanxi Province, this study used the Logit model to analyze the determinants of smallholders' adoption of agricultural green production technology (AGPT) and used the propensity score matching (PSM) method to measure the effect of AGPT on the technical efficiency (TE) of rice production and the heterogeneity of this influence among smallholders. Results showed that the AGPT adoption rate and the mean of rice production TE were 15.1% and 0.312, both had a lot of room for improvement. Furthermore, it was found that household's characteristics, family characteristics, agricultural management characteristics, social characteristics, and cognitive characteristics significantly affect smallholders' AGPT adoption, and the AGPT adoption significantly increased the TE of rice production by 18.8 to 24.5%. Besides, farmers with older age, less education, more specialized planting, more fragmented land, and more off-farm employment adopting AGPT could significantly improve the TE; the increase proportion was 29.8%, 29.5%, 21.3%, 27.2%, and 16.8%. The study also showed that the AGPT could not significantly increase the rice output value of smallholders. In addition, considering the endogeneity problem caused by sample selection bias, the study re-estimated using the endogenous transformation regression (ESR) model which showed that the promotion of AGPT to TE was still robust. The study puts forward policy recommendations on how to further promote the adoption of AGPT and improve the TE by farmers.

Technological innovations aim to improve manufacturing processes. In recent times, ever‐increasing attention to economic, social and above all, environmental sustainability, suggests that technological innovations are techniques not only for reducing costs but also for improving company sustainability. This includes the foundry industry, which is presented with the need for technological changes that improve processes but also satisfy environmental and climate regulations. This case study attempts to analyse the technological changes necessary not only to optimise production processes but also to make them more sustainable. Starting from the introduction of a new production process that aims to reduce environmental impact, the necessary plant changes are analysed. These changes concern various areas: the introduction of new machinery, lean techniques for inventory management and management modes of production waste material. The paper analyses these changes and demonstrates the need to act in several areas to make a production process that is sustainable from an economic, social and environmental point of view.

Application of membrane filtration in sugar production is attractive because it can reduce the usage of chemicals, produce high-quality clarified juice, and obtain various high value-added products. However, some technical problems, such as insufficient membrane performance, high sucrose loss in membrane retentate, severe membrane fouling, and incomplete cleaning protocols, limit its industrial applications. In order to facilitate the development of membrane technology for sugar production, this review summarizes recent progress on the applications of membrane filtration in different stages of sugar production as well as the integrated membrane processes for various purposes. Moreover, some important issues including membrane fouling, membrane cleaning, economic feasibility and engineering problems of the membrane-based sugar production process are discussed. Finally, the existing challenges and future research prospects for the industrialization of this green technique are pointed out.

The present research aimed at designing a model of sustainability-oriented responsible entrepreneurship among local producers of agricultural inputs. The paper highlights causal, contextual, and in...

The bastnaesite used in hydrometallurgy usually contains 7%–11% fluorine, and the conversion of fluorine into high-value products is the key to achieving green production of rare earths and improving the comprehensive utilization of bastnaesite. In order to recover fluorine from bastnaesite in the form of KBF4, the mechanism of F− conversion to BF 4 − in sulphuric acid leaching solution of roasted bastnaesite was studied by using Eh–pH diagram and simulation experiment. It shows that the formation of BF 4 − is affected by pH in the absence of rare earths. BF 4 − is hydrolyzed to BF3OH− and F− when the pH is greater than 3.9, and part of F− exists as HF 2 − when pH is lower than 2. In the presence of La3+, the formation of BF 4 − is mainly affected by LaF3 when pH is greater than 0, and in the case that the pH is lower than 2, it is mainly affected by HF 2 − . When Ce4+ is present in solution, CeF 2 2 + can exist stably in sulphuric acid solution. Bringing down the pH can reduce the stability of CeF 2 2 + and increase the BF 4 − conversion rate. Based on these results, KBF4 was prepared in the alkaline solution of bastnaesite, and the conversion of BF 4 − is 84.31%. This provides a theoretical basis for the recovery of fluorine from bastnaesite in the form of KBF4.

Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), a biodegradable plastic, is expected to have a huge consumer product market in the near future. In this work, PBS was found to be an excellent source of producing valuable tetrahydrofuran (THF), through a solvent-less catalytic hydrogenolysis process over a Pd/C catalyst. A high THF yield, 59.5 wt%, was achieved via a simple one-pot reaction under mild temperature conditions (240 °C). This technique provides a distinctive but important method for the green production of THF from spent PBS.

The eco-efficiency of rice production is an important indicator in the measurement of sustainable rice development. Scientific evaluation of the eco-efficiency of rice production facilitates accurate evaluation of the real level of rice ecosystems to realize efficient utilization of agricultural resources. This paper measured the eco-efficiency of farms growing rice using both the life cycle assessment (LCA) and the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methods based on survey data from 370 farms mainly growing rice conducted in 2020 in the Hubei Province, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Then, sensitivity analysis and scenario analysis were carried out on the comprehensive index of the rice environmental impact and eco-efficiency of rice production, respectively. The results indicate that the comprehensive index of the rice environmental impact was 2.0971. Water toxicity, soil toxicity and eutrophication were the main influencing factors. The mean value of the eco-efficiency reached 0.51. More specifically, the proportion of farms in the low-, middle- and high-efficiency groups was 87.03%, 1.89% and 11.08%, respectively, with mean values up to 0.42, 0.86 and 1.14, respectively. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the pesticide sensitivity was higher than the fertilizer sensitivity in terms of the environmental impact sensitivity of rice systems. When comprehensively considering environmental and economic benefits, the fertilizer sensitivity was higher than that of pesticides. Moreover, reducing the application of both fertilizers and pesticides by 50% could promote the eco-efficiency of rice production systems by 6%, and the value could reach 0.54. Thus, reducing the application of fertilizers and pesticides and improving the utilization efficiency are effective ways to improve green rice production.

In recent years, advancing industrialization and rapid climate change have considerably influenced the global consumption pattern of natural assets. Undoubtedly, this massive utilization of natural resources and hazardous environmental emissions have profoundly curbed the worldwide socio-economic context, substantially causing this ecological burden to amplify the harmful effects on countries’ prosperity. This study aims to improve the sustainable performance of manufacturing firms in Pakistan through innovation capabilities and green process innovation. The study has adopted a quantitative approach, and data has been accumulated through a structured questionnaire distributed among 299 employees working in manufacturing firms. A structural equation model using Smart PLS software was used to analyze the collected data from the respondents. The results have identified a significant correlation between innovation capabilities, green process innovation, and sustainable performance. The buffering role of digital leadership enhances the employees’ creative skills and sustainable performance. Additionally, the extent that green product innovation plays a mediating role between innovation capabilities, green process innovation, and sustainable performance has been contemplated. Henceforth, the current study also analyzes the moderating role of digital leadership in sustainable performance.

The nanotechnology had been gaining importance in all the fields like technology, medicine even in robotics. The scientists are focusing on that type of synthesis wherein the advantages overcomes the disadvantages of the production and the plants have been probed as better alternatives in this field. The emerging technology of using plants as precursors or aiding in the production of nanotechnology is viewed as , low toxicity and better in approaching the preparation of . That is why of silver had been in usage considering its antibacterial potency to kill any kind of bacteria. Silver particles had been the best choices for physicians to treat wounds. Hibiscus Rosa plant leaves are found to have abundant so they can be used to reduce the silver ions into . The formed were less toxic as they were synthesized in a natural process. These when tested for antibacterial activity against three species of bacteria, the results were as expected. The produced silver particles showed a significant ZOI compared to the standard drug.