Search

The participants at WKLIFE IX made the following suggestions to help in developing improved assessment methodologies and species identification through simulation techniques. How to improve the assessment of Merluccius spp: Using SPiCT as the assessment method to develop an OM (Fischer et al., submitted) to pose alternative hypotheses about the nature of discarding (e.g. percentage of misreporting in hake discards) and then simulate datasets to evaluate the impact on estimates of stock status and reference points (e.g. Omori et al., 2016). Quality of observer data required: how good are the observer data to apply to the whole fleet for separating retained and discarded catches and for separating species Merluccius senegalensis and Merluccius polli in catches of the whole fleet? First, explore existing data to identify potential covariates related to species and fishing effort distribution (e.g. Okamoto, to appear). Develop a two species OM (hake - discards and Merlucciuspolli-Meluccius senegalensis) using FLife developed under the MyDas project to explore robustness of current production models assessment approach (e.g. Kell et al., 2009). Growth: It is not possible currently to provide growth curves by species as more otolith readings are needed to evidence different life strategies. Meanwhile, the first step is to try to estimate a robust model VBGM and provide age-length keys for Merluccius spp. Then separate data by ages to help conduct age-based assessments and develop length based indicators

La familia de dípteros Rhiniidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) se encuentra distribuida fundamentalmente en las areas tropicales y subtropicales de las regiones Afrotropical, Australiana, Oriental y Paleártica. Tradicionalmente era considerada con el rango taxonómico de subfamilia de la familia Calliphoridae. No obstante, estudios filogenéticos recientes, basados en el análisis de caracteres morfológicos y moleculares, evidencian que Calliphoridae no es un grupo monofilético. Esto provocó diversos cambios sistemáticos, considerando a los rhiniidos con el rango taxonómico de familia independiente. Actualmente, se reconocen casi 400 especies de Rhiniidae agrupadas en dos subfamilias y 30 géneros. La región Afrotropical alberga la mayor diversidad de rhiniidos a nivel mundial, con un total aproximado de 170 especies comprendidas en 5 géneros de la subfamilia Rhiniinae y 11 de Cosmininae. Existe muy poca información sobre la diversidad, biología y distribución geográfica de la familia Rhiniidae. El ciclo biológico y en particular los hábitos y morfología larvaria es desconocido para la mayoría de las especies. La mayor parte del conocimiento se limita a unas pocas especies restringidas a enclaves geográficos muy concretos. En general, se conoce que tienen una fuerte asociación ecológica a ambientes naturales, que los adultos frecuentan flores por lo que se cree que son importantes polinizadores y que algunas especies parecen tener una estrecha relación con termitas. En cuanto al estudio de su diversidad y taxonomia, desde los años setenta muy pocas investigaciones se han realizado en relación a Rhiniidae en la región Afrotropical, por lo cual el conocimiento del grupo se encuentra desactualizado. Además, su identificación morfológica, en muchos casos, depende exclusivamente de la terminalia masculina y por lo tanto muchos ejemplares femeninos permanecen sin identificar o inadecuadamente identificados. El objetivo general de esta tesis doctoral es contribuir y actualizar el conocimiento de la familia Rhiniidae en la región Afrotropical, a través del estudio de su diversidad, taxonomía y filogenia en la región, con especial énfasis en Sudáfrica. Para ello, en primer lugar se realizó un estudio taxonómico y de la diversidad de la familia en Sudáfrica, país que a nivel mundial se considera como un hot-spot de biodiversidad. Se examinaron más de 4.000 especímenes de Rhiniidae depositados en colecciones entomológicas de África, Europa y los Estados Unidos. Se generó una lista actualizada de las especies presentes en el país, así como se revisó el estatus taxonómico de las mismas. Adicionalmente, se generaron mapas de distribución histórica y fotografías de alta resolución del habitus para la mayoría de las especies estudiadas. Entre los resultados más importantes que se han obtenido destacan nueve citas nuevas para el país, para un total de 73 especies de Rhiniidae, alrededor de 15 nuevas especies a ser descritas en trabajos futuros y la compilación de información bionómica novedosa para varias especies (Capítulo I). Posteriormente profundizamos dentro de la familia con la revisión taxonómica del género Fainia Zumpt, 1958, exclusivo de la región Afrotropical. Este género incluye siete especies descritas, pero el estatus taxonómico de algunas de ellas es controvertido. Se realizó un estudio morfológico de la terminalia masculina de las especies descritas, junto a la revisión de su respectivo material tipo disponible, para así aclarar el estatus taxonómico de sus especies. De esta forma, se aportan nuevas herramientas de identificación para el género, tales como claves de identificación para ambos sexos, redescripciones, y fotografías de alta resolución de la morfología general del adulto y terminalia masculina, así como nuevas sinonimias. Este estudio se complementó con la homogenización y actualización de la nomenclatura morfológica utilizada para la familia Rhiniidae, así como con la proposición de posibles sinapomorfias para la diagnosis de las dos subfamilias actuales Cosmininae y Rhiniinae (Capítulo II). Finalmente, empleamos herramientas moleculares con el fin de corroborar las identificaciones basadas en morfología, asociar los morfotipos femeninos a sus masculinos conspecíficos, explorar las relaciones filogenéticas entre géneros y especies, y generar la primera biblioteca de códigos de barras de ADN (CO1) para las especies de Rhiniidae. Para ello, generamos fragmentos de códigos de barras de ADN (CO1) de 138 especímenes de Rhiniidae. Para inferir los límites entre especies y su monofilia se utilizaron árboles de Inferencia Bayesiana y Máxima Verosimilitud. Esto se complementó con las variaciones genéticas intraespecíficas e interespecíficas reconstruidas con distancias por pares utilizando el modelo de sustitución de nucleótidos de Kimura-dos-parámetros (K2P) y la delimitación de especies mediante el análisis ABGD. La mayoría de las especies delimitadas a nivel morfológico se lograron recuperar como monofiléticas. Se determinaron entre 65 y 68 posibles especies de Rhiniidae presentes en nuestro estudio, así como 31 morfotipos femeninos se vincularon con éxito a sus machos conspecíficos (Capítulo III). Esta investigación demuestra la importancia de revisar las colecciones entomológicas para mejorar el conocimiento de la diversidad y de usar la información que aportan las etiquetas de los especímenes como un valioso recurso de datos para interpretar: ocurrencia temporal y espacial, preferencias ambientales y asociaciones con plantas u otros organismos como termitas, que a su vez son relevantes para estudios de biología de la conservación, polinización e interacciones ecológicas. Además, los códigos de barras de ADN mostraron eficiencia como medio complementario para la revisión taxonómica de Rhiniidae; sin embargo, entre especies muy similares a nivel morfológico no tuvo el éxito esperado, lo que sugiere una posible divergencia evolutiva reciente y la necesidad de realizar más estudios moleculares. Parcialmente financiada por H2020 Research and Innovation Staff Exchange Programme of the European Commission (RISE), project 645636: ‘Insect-plant relationships: insights into biodiversity and new applications’ (FlyHigh).

FCCM

Two new species of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) collected from New Caledonia are described and figured based on worker specimens: Leptogenys loarelae Ramage sp. nov. (Ponerinae, Ponerini) and Lioponera neocaledonica Jouault, Ramage & Perrichot sp. nov. (Dorylinae, Cerapachyini). All specimens were collected from the South Province of Grande Terre. These two new species are primarily distinguished from the other New Caledonian relatives by the size and shape of petiole for L. loarelae Ramage sp. nov. and by the presence of dorsolateral margins on the mesosoma for L. neocaledonica Jouault, Ramage & Perrichot sp. nov. Keys to New Caledonian Leptogenys and Lioponera are provided.

Afin de réduire la dépendance en intrants, la lutte biologique par conservation est une stratégie de choix pour gérer les ravageurs. Cela nécessite de mieux comprendre les interactions entre ravageurs et auxiliaires. Sur colza, ces interactions concernent principalement les charançons et des microhyménoptères parasitoïdes qui sont leurs principaux ennemis naturels. L’étude de ces interactions se heurte à des verrous méthodologiques, notamment en termes d’identifications des ennemis naturels, qui appartiennent à des groupes taxonomiques mal connus. Le principal objectif de Coleotool est de lever un de ces verrous en proposant des outils d’identification des charançons ravageurs du colza et de leurs parasitoïdes et des méthodes de quantification du service de régulation. Plusieurs méthodes et outils (élevages, clés d’identification, outils d’identification moléculaire haut débit…) ont été développés dans le cadre de notre projet. La plupart des sorties du projet sont accessibles à tous, directement en ligne via le site Coleotool (fiches descriptives, base de séquences et clés d’identifications des principales espèces de charançons et des parasitoïdes qui leur sont associés) : http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/coleotool/index.html. Le développement de ces outils a également permis de collecter de nombreux spécimens sur l’ensemble du territoire et ainsi de mettre à jour les références sur les espèces de parasitoïdes présentes en France, leur répartition, leur phénologie et leur potentiel de régulation., Conservation biological control is a sustainable approach to pest management that can contribute to reduce our dependency on chemicals. A good understanding of the interactions between pests and their natural enemies which means, on oilseed rape (OSR), between weevils and parasitoid wasps is a prerequisite to implement such an approach. However, weevils and their parasitoids are difficult to identify to species by non-specialists. This limits our understanding of their interactions. The main objective of the project Coleotool was to develop tools to identify weevil pests and their parasitoid wasps and methods to quantify parasitism rate.Several methods and tools (rearing, identification keys, high-throughput molecular identification …) were used and developed during the project. The main outputs are publicly available through the Coleotool website: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/coleotool/index.html. During this project, many specimens were collected all over France. Then, it was possible to update our records on parasitoids: their distribution, their phenology and their potential to control weevils associated with oilseed rape.

Ce volume regroupe les textes issus du programme Casdar "Innovation et Partenariat" et "Recherche finalisée et innovation" de 2013. Le colloque de restitution s’est déroulé le 6 février 2019 sous l’égide du GIS Relance Agronomique; Conservation biological control is a sustainable approach to pest management that can contribute toreduce our dependency on chemicals. A good understanding of the interactions between pests and theirnatural enemies which means, on oilseed rape (OSR), between weevils and parasitoid wasps is aprerequisite to implement such an approach. However, weevils and their parasitoids are difficult toidentify to species by non-specialists. This limits our understanding of their interactions. The mainobjective of the project Coleotool was to develop tools to identify weevil pests and their parasitoid waspsand methods to quantify parasitism rate.Several methods and tools (rearing, identification keys, high-throughput molecular identification …) were used and developed during the project. The main outputs are publicly available through the Coleotool website: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/coleotool/index.html.During this project, many specimens were collected all over France. Then, it was possible to update ourrecords on parasitoids: their distribution, their phenology and their potential to control weevilsassociated with oilseed rape.; Afin de réduire la dépendance en intrants, la lutte biologique par conservation est une stratégie de choixpour gérer les ravageurs. Cela nécessite de mieux comprendre les interactions entre ravageurs etauxiliaires. Sur colza, ces interactions concernent principalement les charançons et des microhyménoptères parasitoïdes qui sont leurs principaux ennemis naturels. L’étude de ces interactions seheurte à des verrous méthodologiques, notamment en termes d’identifications des ennemis naturels,qui appartiennent à des groupes taxonomiques mal connus. Le principal objectif de Coleotool est delever un de ces verrous en proposant des outils d’identification des charançons ravageurs du colza etde leurs parasitoïdes et des méthodes de quantification du service de régulation.Plusieurs méthodes et outils (élevages, clés d’identification, outils d’identification moléculaire hautdébit…) ont été développés dans le cadre de notre projet. La plupart des sorties du projet sontaccessibles à tous, directement en ligne via le site Coleotool (fiches descriptives, base de séquences etclés d’identifications des principales espèces de charançons et des parasitoïdes qui leur sontassociés) : http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/coleotool/index.html.Le développement de ces outils a également permis de collecter de nombreux spécimens surl’ensemble du territoire et ainsi de mettre à jour les références sur les espèces de parasitoïdesprésentes en France, leur répartition, leur phénologie et leur potentiel de régulation.

Morphological features that remained uncertain in previous identification keys and descriptions of Sabethes fabricii were evaluated based on species type material and two recently collected males. As a result, the following features of Sa. fabricii should be considered: proboscis with a white ventral spot beyond the middle and variably enlarged to the apex, possibly spatulate in males; setae over root of wing yellowish and may be occasionally brownish, mainly in their basal portion; and proctiger ending in four teeth. Additionally, the first record of bamboo as a natural breeding site for Sa. fabricii as well as the first register of this species in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil are reported here. Resumo Caracteres morfológicos que permaneceram incertos em chaves para identificação anteriores e descrições de Sabethes fabricii, foram avaliados com base em material tipo e dois machos recentemente coletados. Como resultado, os seguintes caracteres de Sa. fabricii devem ser considerados: probóscide variavelmente alargada para o ápice, possivelmente espatulada em machos e com uma mancha branca ventral localizada além do seu ponto médio; cerdas sobre a raiz das asas amareladas, podendo ser ocasionalmente marrons, principalmente na sua porção basal, e proctiger com quatro dentes na porção terminal. Adicionalmente, registram-se pela primeira vez, o Bambu como um criadouro natural para Sa. fabricii, bem como a presença dessa espécie para o estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil.

We identified aquatic insects captured at 6 tributaries in Minami-Tawa River that flows through the Hokkaido Research Forest, Kyoto University in Sibecha, Hokkaido, Japan from June to October 2013. Totally 71 taxa consisting of 54 genera, 26 families, and six orders of aquatic insects and five taxa of other macroinvertebrates were identified from the samples. The faunal structure varied among tributaries and the number of observed taxa was larger in tributaries located at an upper reach of Minami-Tawa River than these at a lower reach. The number of taxa observed was also changed among seasons and was largest in June. Particle organic material (POM) feeders and carnivores dominated in this ecosystem. More than half of the observed taxa was classified into POM feeders and shredder feeders, which are generally part of the members of the detritus food web. This pattern may indicate a high contribution of terrestrial organic materials, such as leaf litter and woody debris, as an energy source at the headwater ecosystems of Minami-Tawa River. In addition, we made an identification key to classify the samples obtained in this research, which will be useful for future studies and education in this research forest. Note that some species that were not observed in this study and that sampled from other than the Minami-Tawa River in the Hokkaido Research Forest might be misidentified in the usage of this key.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Myrtaceae is a family with about 145 genera and approximately 6000 species. Myrteae is the tribe that represents the fleshy fruit species of the family in South America, possessing translucent scores on the leaves, usually visible marginal ridges, flowers with usually white petals, 4-5 free petals, usually many stamens and infertile ovary. The work aimed the taxonomic study of the Myrtaceae species of the State Park of Vila Velha (PEVV), Ponta Grossa, Paraná, with field expeditions were carried out and consultations to the main herbarium collections with representation of the region. Its vegetation is composed of Cerrado and Atlantic Forest. The family is represented in the area by 10 genera and 38 species: Blepharocalyx (1 sp.), Calyptranthes (2 spp.) Campomanesia (3 spp.), Curitiba (1 sp.), Eugenia (9 spp.), Myrceugenia (1 sp.), Myrcia (9 spp.) Myrciaria (4 spp.), Myrrhinium (1 sp.) and Psidium (7 spp.). Morphological descriptions with comments, identification keys and photographic records were made. The study area is represented by monotypic species that have a very restricted distribution, with Myrrhinium atropurpureum occurring only in the Southeast and South and Curitiba prismatica occurring only in the South (Paraná and Santa Catarina). Myrtaceae é uma família com cerca de 145 gêneros e aproximadamente 6000 espécies. Myrteae é a tribo que representa as espécies de frutos carnosos da família na América do Sul, possuindo pontuações translúcidas nas folhas, nervuras marginais geralmente visíveis, flores com pétalas geralmente brancas, 4-5 pétalas livres, geralmente muitos estames e ovário ínfero. O trabalho visou ao estudo taxonômico das espécies de Myrtaceae no Parque Estadual de Vila Velha (PEVV), Ponta Grossa, Paraná, com consultas às principais coleções de herbários de representatividade da região e expedições a campo. Sua vegetação é composta por Cerrado e Mata Atlântica. A família está representada na área por 10 gêneros e 38 espécies: Blepharocalyx (1 sp.), Calyptranthes (2 spp.), Campomanesia (3 spp.), Curitiba (1 sp.), Eugenia (9 spp.), Myrceugenia (1 sp.), Myrcia (9 spp.), Myrciaria (4 spp.), Myrrhinium (1 sp.) e Psidium (7 spp.). Descrições morfológicas com comentários, chaves de identificação e registros fotográficos também foram feitos. A área de estudo é representada por espécies monotípicas que tem uma distribuição muito restrita, com Myrrhinium atropurpureum ocorrendo apenas no Sudeste e Sul e Curitiba prismatica ocorrendo apenas no Sul (Paraná e Santa Catarina).

This is on the one hand an announcement of the two-volume Fourth Edition of the Excursion Flora for Austria expanded by also including the remaining parts of the Eastern Alps (chapter 1), and on the other hand a rough survey of the flora of the Eastern Alps in connection with the main vegetation types (chapter 2). The geographical scope includes, besides Austria, the entire Eastern Alps from the Rhine valley in E Switzerland (Grisons) to the Vipava valley in SW Slovenia. Volume 1 mainly contains comprehensive introductory chapters like introductions to plant morphology, taxonomy, and nomenclature, as well as a sketch of ecomorphology and habitat ecology, a survey of vegetation types (phytosociology) and floristic peculiarities of the different natural regions, a rough history of floristic research, a detailed glossary including the meaning of epithets, etc., and drawings of several plant species characteristic of the flora covered. The structure of the keys concentrated in volume 2 is explained: besides the descriptive traits, they include for each taxon comprehensive ecological and plant geographical data, as well as information about Red Lists of the countries involved, plant uses, and taxonomical problems. Genus names are given not only in German, but also in the Romansh (Rumantsch Grischun), Italian, and Slovenian languages. In chapter 2, some important chorotypes including endemics are characterised, and an overview of floristic diversity (lists of exemplary taxa) in accordance with the main and most characteristic vegetation types is presented.

PubMedID: 29242464 Surveys of the scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) fauna of Greece were carried out in 2013 and 2014. Altogether 93 scale insect species were collected, belonging to 11 families. Thirty-eight species (41%) proved to be new to the Greek fauna, including two species new to science (Anophococcus hellenicus Kaydan & Szita sp. n. (Acanthococcidae) and Iberococcus attikus Szita & Fetykó sp. n. (Pseudococcidae)), and two introduced invasive species (Phenacoccus graminicola Leonardi and Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana), both Pseudococcidae). The rest of the species seem to be native to the Greek fauna. The total number of scale insect species recorded from Greece is increased to 253. Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press. International Science and Technology Cooperation Programme: TÉT_10-1-2011_0472, HUN-14 The authors wish to thank to Danièle Matile-Ferrero for the opportunity to study the Iberococcus material in the Muséum national d’Historie naturelle, Paris. We are grateful to Dr Gillian W. Watson (Plant Pest Diagnostic Laboratory, California Department of Food & Agriculture, Sacramento, California, U.S.A.), Prof. Christopher J. Hodgson (Department of Biodiversity and Biological Systematics, The National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, U.K.) and Prof. Giuseppina Pellizzari (Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padova, Padova, Italy) for their helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript. The project was supported by the Greek-Hungarian Intergovernmental Science & Technology Cooperation Programme (TÉT_10-1-2011_0472, HUN-14).

Xper3 is a collaborative system that manages structured descriptive data on taxa or specimens. It is available online and linked to web services including two services for identification: a free (multiple) access key (Vignes Lebbe et al. 2015) and single access key (Burguiere et al. 2013). These web services use the TDWG Structured Descriptive Data format (SDD) (Hagedorn et al. 2005). The Xper3 platform was launched in November 2013. Three years later, 1990 users had created accounts and edited 2499 knowledge bases (KB). Unfortunately, there exists no public overview of the existing content. Each KB is autonomous and can be published as a free access key (e.g., http://cochenilles.bio-agri.org/mkey.html). KB owners are free to publicize their keys in publications (Padovan and Magenta 2015 ; Engel et al. 2016) or on websites (http://acrinwafrica.mnhn.fr/SiteAcri/Xper.html)(http://herbaria.plants.ox.ac.uk/bol/caricaceae/Key). This has two consequences: possible duplicate content or overlapping effort (e.g., several keys on orchids) characters and states, documented by texts and images cannot be used for building another key without making copies. In order to solve the first problem, we analyse Xper3 metadata (e.g., name of KB, owner, number of contributors, date of creation, date of last modification) and we provide an overview of the existing content. Firstly, 48% of KB are empty or inactive with extremely limited content (fewer than 3 taxa or characters), which has not been accessed for a long time. We discard these KB in our analysis and only consider the 1300 active KB. We also discard "test" KB and duplicate KB. Surprisingly, we discovered 15 medical KB for diagnosis of various diseases and 34 non-taxonomic KB (e.g., wine, fashion, computing equipment). For taxonomic KB, we present the taxonomic and geographic distribution of the KB (angiosperms and arthropods are prevailing taxa) and we compare with the number of known species. The second point concerns semantic data sharing. We compute the rate of terms (character, character state) duplicated in several KB in the same taxonomic groups, in order to evaluate the interest in sharing resources between Xper3 KB. Then we look for existing ontologies in the bioportal (https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies). Although Xper3 may manage structured data, its data model does not use an ontology language like RDF*1 or OWL*2 (ontology languages and tools offer unique identifier and reasoning mechanisms), and each KB has its own vocabulary. We will be contacting KB owners to obtain more detailed metadata and to facilitate the automatic publishing of authorized KB on the Xper3 website. We plan also to implement an easy link between Xper3 and external ontologies to help editing new KB and to export KB data models to existing ontologies.

Storing, sharing, managing taxonomic data is crucial for research and systematic outreach. In this context, Xper2 (Ung et al. 2010) and Xper3 (Vignes Lebbe et al. 2015) are two platforms dedicated to taxonomic descriptions and computer-aided identification. These freeware provide a sleek and easy to use interface, and do not require computer skills. Xper2 is available on Windows, MacOS or Linux. Download the software on the website. Xper3 gives users the ability to work simultaneously and remotely on the same knowledge base. Create your own account on the online platform. The numerous knowledge bases (over one thousand active KB) already created and published with the two platforms prove their relevance and efficiency (See for example Mathieu et al. 2012, Kerner 2012, Corvez and Grand 2014, Martin et al. 2015, Engel et al. 2016, Saïd et al. 2017). Scientists can share their data on phenotypes (structured descriptions, documented with images, videos, and text including bibliography and external links), compare phenotypes, and import or export partial or total content in various standard formats such as SDD (Structured Descriptive Data, a TDWG data standard), CSV (Comma Separated Values, used in Spreadsheet), and NEXUS (used in phylogenetic analyses, Maddison et al. 1997) for external analyses. KB can be exchanged between Xper2 and Xper3 via SDD files. We propose demos of the desktop version (Xper2) and online version (Xper3), illustrated with various contents on fossils, botany, marine species and arthropods. The TDWG 2017 participants are invited to come with their own data (list of taxa, identification keys, character-taxon matrices). They will learn and test how to import existing content into Xper KB, and how to build and publish keys (free access keys and single access keys) automatically.

An illustrated identification key is provided to 49 species of Thysanoptera, Terebrantia that have been found in association with cultivated plants in Java. This is the first published identification system to this group of insects from Indonesia, and includes 15 species not previously recorded from Indonesia, and a further three species not previously recorded from Java. A table is provided indicating the plants from which thrips were taken.

A systematic study of the genus Ormyrus (Chalcidoidea, Ormyridae) was conducted based on the morphology and biology of the terminal-instar larvae of ten west European species that are parasitoids of gall wasps and gallflies of the families Cynipidae, Eurytomidae and Tephritidae. The first detailed descriptions are provided of the terminal-instar larvae of these ten species using SEM images to illustrate diagnostic characters with systematic values. A key is provided for the identification of ormyrid larvae associated with galls in Europe, which is based particularly on characters of the head, mouthparts and mandibles. Although only limited informative variation in body shape was found, the setation of the head provided several characters of potential taxonomic value. The larval biology of the ten ormyrid species inhabiting different galls is also summarised. Although Ormyrus larvae are usually solitary idiobiont ectoparasitoids of the host larva of various gall-inhabiting insects, evidence of secondary phytophagy was observed in some species., The Spanish Ministry of Education and Science research projects CGL2010-15786/BOS and MINECO/FEDER, UE) CGL2015-66571-P to JLNA provided financial support for this paper.

Delottococcus aberiae De Lotto (Hemiptera:Pseudoccocidae) is a recently citrus pest in Spain. It was appeared in 2009 in Les Valls. This pest produced several damages on oranges and mandarins fruit. During all these years the insect has been scattered; being currently present in different region as Camp de Morvedre and Plana Baixa (in persimmon crops too). Even all the efforts that were made during these years there is still a great unknowledge of some important aspects of the pseudococcid, as morphological, biological as and ecological level. It makes necessary to deepen in these aspects in order to can improve the strategies for controlling this pest. The essays goals will focus in add information for a correct D.aberiae identification, proposing differences with other Spanish species. As well as to increase their life cycle knowledge and reproductive traits in different environments. For field essays we selected different citrus plots in Les Valls, where pest dynamism and reproduction potential had been monitored over the year. For the study of the pest seasonal trend we had been used two different trap methods, corrugated cardboard around the trunks to catch females and sticky yellow trap to monitoring males. Regarding female s fecundity we d used same cardboard to count the amount of eggs they are able to lay. On the other hand, for laboratory essays, we established a D. aberiae mass rearing during 2015 in the entomological laboratory chamber at the Agroforestal de Mediterráneo Institute, feeding it with pumpkin. In this step we check the reproduction potential, the eggs fertility and colonizer effect. These insects were also used for their microscopic observation and the study of morphological characteristics of the species including both sexes and nymphal stages. After the studies we observe that D. aberiae is able to complete several generations over a year in our climatic conditions, being the fertility rate variable over time. In artificial breeding we proved that D. aberiae is capable to complete its lifecycle on pumpkin, although the reproduction potential decreases significantly. This can be a handicap to establish a long term rearing. Furthermore, the fertility parameters keep very high. In the work we propose some keys to differentiate between stages of the mealybug specie, and to be able to distinguish of the rest of species commonly found in persimmon and citrus crops., Delottococcus aberiae De Lotto (Hemiptera:Pseudoccocidae) es una plaga de cítricos de reciente introducción en España. Se detectó en 2009 en la zona de Les Valls (Comunidad valenciana), produciendo graves daños en los frutos de naranjos y mandarinos. Durante estos años el insecto ha ido dispersándose, estando presente actualmente en las comarcas del Camp de Morvedre y Plana Baixa, donde también se ha detectado en cultivos de caqui. Pese a los esfuerzos que se han realizado, existe un gran desconocimiento de algunos aspectos importantes del pseudococcido, tanto a nivel biológico, morfológico como ecológico, que hace necesario que se profundice en ellos para mejorar las estrategias de control de la plaga. Los objetivos del presente trabajo se centran en aportar información para una correcta identificación de D.aberiae, diferenciándolo de otras especies presentes en España. También se han estudiado diversos aspectos sobre su ciclo de vida y biología reproductiva tanto en condiciones de campo como en laboratorio. Para los ensayos de campo, se han seleccionado varias parcelas de cítricos en la subcomarca de Les Valls. Se ha monitarizado la dinámica y el potencial reproducor de la plaga a lo largo del año. Para el estudio de la dinámica estacional de la plaga en campo se han usado 2 métodos de trampeo diferentes, cartón corrugado alrededor de troncos para capturar hembras y trampas pegajosas amarillas para monitorizar a los machos. Para el estudio de la fecundidad de las hembras se han contando el número de huevos que ponen las hembras en los mismos cartones citados anteriormente. Con respecto a los ensayos en laboratorio, se estableció una cría masiva de D. aberiae sobre calabaza como sustrato durante el año 2015, en las cámaras del laboratorio de entomología del Instituto Agroforestal del Mediterráneo. En ella se contó el número de huevos que ponen las hembras, la fertilidad de los huevos y se midió el potencial colonizador en ese substrato. Estos insectos fueron también utilizados para su observación microscópica y la realización del estudio de características morfológicas de la especie tanto en machos como en hembras y estadios ninfales. Tras los estudios realizados se ha visto que D.aberiae es capaz de completar varias generaciones al año en nuetras condiciones climáticas, siendo variable la tasa de fecundidad en el tiempo. En la cría artificial se ha demostrado que D.aberiae es capaz de completar su ciclo sobre calabaza, aunque el potencial reproductor disminuye significativamente. Este último aspecto puede ser un impedimento para establecer una cría a largo plazo de esta especie. Por otra parte, los resultados obtenidos de parámetros de fertilidad se mantienen muy elevados. En el trabajo se proponen unas claves dicotómicas para poder diferenciar diferentes estadios de la especie y diferenciarlo del resto de especies de pseudococcidos encontrados habitualmente en los cultivos de cítricos y caqui., [CA] Delottococcus aberiae De Lotto (Hemiptera: Pseudoccocidae) és una espècie de pseudocòccid de recent introducció a Espanya que s’ha establit com a plaga als cítrics. Es detectà en 2009 a la zona de Les Valls (València), produint greus danys en fruits de tarongers i mandariners. Durant els últims anys l’insecte ha anat dispersant-se, estant present actualment a les comarques del Camp de Morvedre i Plana Baixa, on també s’ha detectat en cultius de caqui. Malgrat els esforços que s’han realitzat durant aquests anys, existeix un gran desconeixement de la biologia i ecologia del pseudocòccid, imprescindible per millorar les estratègies del maneig integrat de la plaga. Els objectius del present treball se centren a aportar informació sobre alguns aspectes del comportament i la biologia de les femelles i els ous de D.aberiae. S’ha realitzat una cria massiva de D.aberiae en les cambres del laboratori d’entomologia de l’Institut Agroforestal del Mediterrani. En ella s’ha analitzat la viabilitat de diferents substrats alimentosos per al manteniment de les poblacions de l’insecte. La cria s’ha utilitzat per estudiar aspectes de la biologia de l’insecte com la fertilitat i el temps de desenvolupament dels ous a diferents temperatures. L’estudi dels aspectes biològics de l’insecte es va completar amb la recollida de dades al seu medi natural. En camp s’han realitzat estudis de dinàmiques estacionals de les poblacions de l’insecte. Per a això s’han seleccionat diverses parcel·les de cítrics en la subcomarca de Les Valls, monitoritzant en elles les poblacions de la plaga i el seu potencial reproductor mitjançant 2 models diferents de paranys, cartó corrugat i paranys cromàtiques apegaloses. La carabassa varietat redona de rostir ha resultat ser un substrat alimentós adequat per a la cria de D.aberiae obtenint un establiment de les nimfes de primera edat en torn al 50%. Quant als aspectes biològics de l’espècie, els resultats mostren que D.aberiae, en condicions mediterrànies, és capaç de completar dues clares generacions a l’any i posteriorment desenvolupar dues o tres generacions més amb molt baixa densitat poblacional. Els valors de la seua taxa de fecunditat varien segons el moment de l’any en què es mesuren, sent majors a la primavera que a l’estiu. La fertilitat obtinguda en la cria va ser del 90%, i la durada del desenvolupament de la fase d’ou va decréixer en augmentar la temperatura. S’ha estimat un llindar mínim de 14,8ºC i una constant tèrmica de 104 graus dia, per als ous de D.aberiae.

Novitates Gabonenses 78. Two new species from Gabon in the Bridelieae (Phyllanthaceae, formerly Euphorbiaceae) with keys for Gabonese species within genera Bridelia and Cleistanthus. In the framework of the taxonomic treatment of the Phyllanthaceae for the Fiore du Gabon, two new species of Bridelieae are described, one in the genus Bridelia, the other in the genus Cleistanthus. The new species are illustrated, their distribution maps are provided, and their taxonomic position within their respective genera is discussed. An assessment of their conservation status is provided. Identification keys for the Gabonese species of Bridelia and Cleistanthus are added.

Neopilumnoplax corallicola n. sp. is described from waters off Mauritania on the basis of two specimens collected during the Spanish-Mauritanian survey BMaurit- 0911^ from 488 m over a giant cold-water coral reef running from Cape Timiris to the Senegalese border. The new species is readily separated from its congeners by the shape of the front and anterolateral teeth, the low granulation on the dorsal carapace, and the morphology of the cheliped and ambulatory legs. This is the first record of the family from the Northeastern Atlantic and the second record of the genus in West Africa. A diagnosis of the family Mathildellidae with a key to genus level, as well as dichotomous and tabular keys to the world species of the genus Neopilumnoplax, are included., MAVA (Contract 12087 Coastal West Africa C4/2012), SI

The Korean peninsula with associated islands located between the Pacific Ocean and Asian Continent has a distinctive mammalian fauna. Unfortunately, facts about Korean mammals are relatively unknown in other countries and taxonomy has rarely been updated. I made a checklist of fossil mammals occurring in the Korean peninsula. I identified 136 species in 12 orders 33 families of fossil mammals since the Eocene and 90 species (70%) have become extinct in the Korean peninsula. I also made current species accounts for all Korean mammal species with their taxonomic status, morphology, identification, field signs, distribution, major habitats, natural history, management, and conservation status. Although I listed 132 species, I confirmed 125 species in 8 orders and 31 families of both terrestrial and marine mammals in Korea. Due to low mammalian species richness in the present compared to the Pleistocene, I evaluated evidence for a peninsula effect on terrestrial mammal richness on the Korean peninsula and investigated the peninsula effect on mammal diversity on 14 global peninsulas over 50,000km2. The objectives were to test and identify causes of the peninsula effect and determine whether the premise of a gradient decline in species diversity represents an ubiquitous, global tendency in peninsulas. I used the IUCN spatial datasets of terrestrial mammals and the WorldClim dataset for climate data. Although the Korean peninsula exhibited a marginally significant peninsula effect (P=0.1), South Korea exhibited significant peninsula effect (P

Molgolaimus is a genus of free-living marine nematodes which is found in high densities (10–35% of the total community) up to 2000 m depth. Its occurrence is often associated with organically enriched and recently disturbed areas. Currently, only 16 species have been described, mainly from shallow waters. The present study contributes 17 new species mainly from the Weddell Sea but also from the Pacific Ocean, and provides an illustrated polytomous identification key to species level. The 33 Molgolaimus species described can be identified based on just a few morphometric features: spicule length, body length, anal body diameter, tail length and pharynx length. A first insight into the biogeography of this deep sea genus at species level is presented. A comparison of morphometric characteristics between species suggests that the most similar species co-occur in the same geographical region, rather than within the same bathymetric zones or similar ecosystems separated over long distances. These observations suggest that deep sea nematodes may not have a common origin but might have derived “recently” from shallow water taxa. Therefore, global distribution of nematodes could be explained by means of palaeogeographical events.

The southern African assassin-fly genus Anasillomos Londt, 1983 is reviewed. A new species, Anasillomos juergeni sp. n., is described from the Namib desert and represents the second species in the genus. Descriptions/re-descriptions, photographs, and identification keys are provided to aid in the identification. Distribution, occurrence in biodiversity hotspots sensu Conservation International, and seasonal incidence are discussed.

Free use, printing and sharing of the ID sheets is allowed, but be aware that any part of the ID sheets (illustrations or text) cannot be further used without prior authorization by the owner. For illustrations, contact Marc Dando (marc@wildnaturepress.com). For text, contact the Flanders Marine Institute (info@vliz.be).

Free use, printing and sharing of the ID sheets is allowed, but be aware that any part of the ID sheets (illustrations or text) cannot be further used without prior authorization by the owner. For illustrations, contact Marc Dando (marc@wildnaturepress.com). For text, contact the Flanders Marine Institute (info@vliz.be).

Free use, printing and sharing of the ID sheets is allowed, but be aware that any part of the ID sheets (illustrations or text) cannot be further used without prior authorization by the owner. For illustrations, contact Marc Dando (marc@wildnaturepress.com). For text, contact the Flanders Marine Institute (info@vliz.be).

Free use, printing and sharing of the ID sheets is allowed, but be aware that any part of the ID sheets (illustrations or text) cannot be further used without prior authorization by the owner. For illustrations, contact Marc Dando (marc@wildnaturepress.com). For text, contact the Flanders Marine Institute (info@vliz.be).

Free use, printing and sharing of the ID sheets is allowed, but be aware that any part of the ID sheets (illustrations or text) cannot be further used without prior authorization by the owner. For illustrations, contact Marc Dando (marc@wildnaturepress.com). For text, contact the Flanders Marine Institute (info@vliz.be).

Free use, printing and sharing of the ID sheets is allowed, but be aware that any part of the ID sheets (illustrations or text) cannot be further used without prior authorization by the owner. For illustrations, contact Marc Dando (marc@wildnaturepress.com). For text, contact the Flanders Marine Institute (info@vliz.be).

Free use, printing and sharing of the ID sheets is allowed, but be aware that any part of the ID sheets (illustrations or text) cannot be further used without prior authorization by the owner. For illustrations, contact Marc Dando (marc@wildnaturepress.com). For text, contact the Flanders Marine Institute (info@vliz.be).

Free use, printing and sharing of the ID sheets is allowed, but be aware that any part of the ID sheets (illustrations or text) cannot be further used without prior authorization by the owner. For illustrations, contact Marc Dando (marc@wildnaturepress.com). For text, contact the Flanders Marine Institute (info@vliz.be).