Search

Inflation Targeting (IT) has gained much popularity in recent years, with fifteen countries formally adopting it as a monetary policy framework since 2000. However, in developing countries, where the contribution of food prices to headline inflation is generally higher than in advanced economies, the adequacy of an IT framework for curbing inflation is very much contested. In this paper, we use a difference-in-differences approach to evaluate the treatment effect of adopting IT. Controlling for reversion to the mean, we find that economies that function under an IT regime do no better than countries that use alternative policy instruments. We verify the robustness of these results using panel unit-root tests and find that food inflation rates converge across economies irrespective of the monetary policy framework implemented.

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors influencing the accounting conservatism for banks in the UAE over the period 2006-2013. Design/methodology/approach – Multiple regression analysis is used to test the relationship between accounting conservatism as a dependent variable and the independent variables intellectual capital performance, market structure, level of protection against risk, bank size, and bank profitability. The results indicate that intellectual capital performance, market structure, bank size, the level of protection against risk and bank profitability have significant impact on the accounting conservatism for banks in the UAE. These results might help the banking and accounting regulators to address the factors affecting accounting conservatism. This study adds to the literature on the determinants of accounting conservatism in banks. In particular, it tests whether the new theories of intellectual capital performance, market structure and level of protection against risk have an impact on accounting conservatism in the banking industry in the UAE.

China（Shanghai）Pilot Free Trade Zone (“SHFTZ”) as well as other Pilot Free Trade Zones established in China carries on the mission to make the test for, inter alia, China’s strategic financial reforms and for Renminbi(“RMB”) internationalization in particular. However, the financial reforms in SHFTZ according to its design and relevant provisions can only provide very limited rather than fully effective test for the reforms of free convertibility, international capital transactions as well as risk hedging needed by RMB internationalization. The aim of the paper is to investigate the test effect that SHFTZ have on the above capital account reforms. It argues that the main reason for the test failure lies in “outward free and inward control” mode designed for SHFTZ which makes it an insulated customs territory, a situation which differs from the circumstances in which a currency gets internationalized. Moreover, SHFTZ runs the risk of evolving into an offshore RMB market set up inside China, a trend China should prevent because it cannot serve the testing missions mentioned above.

In this paper, using a unique dataset of industrial firms obtained from enterprise surveys conducted across the Russian Federation in 2005 and 2009, we trace back structural changes in the corporate governance system before and after the global financial crisis. We also empirically examine the impacts of the crisis on the organization of boards of directors and audit systems. Our survey results reveal that, in the Russian industrial sector, the quality of corporate governance has been improved through the crisis. Furthermore, we found that, corresponding to the alignment hypothesis, in firms that decisively reformed their management and supervisory bodies in response to the 2008 financial shock, the total number of worker representative directors significantly declined, as did their proportion to all board members. On the other hand, we also found that, in firms that substantially reorganized their audit system to cope with the crisis, the independence of the audit system was undermined remarkably, corresponding to the expropriation hypothesis. Findings that management behaviors predicted by the two conflicting hypotheses are simultaneously detected—and that their targets are significantly different—deserve special mention.

The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of inclusive business on the internal ethical values and the internal control quality while conceiving the accounting perspective. I construct the hypothesis for this paper based on the potential impact on the organizations’ awareness to be directed to the inclusive business approach that will significantly impact the culture of the organizations then the ethical values and the internal control quality. I use the approach of the expected value and variance of random variable test in order to analyze the potential impact of inclusive business. I support the examination by discrete probability distribution and continuous probability distribution. I find a probability of 85.5% to have a significant potential impact of the inclusive business by 100% score on internal ethical values and internal control quality. And to help contribute to sustainability growth, reduce poverty and improve organizational culture and learning.

The aim of this research is to uncover the behaviors that constitute the dark side of leadership, the impacts of these behaviors on employees and the employees’ reactions to these behaviors in Turkish context. The data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews, a focus group interview and observations and analyzed according to content analysis technique. Interviews were done with 9 and focus group interview was done with 4 participants. Observations were made in an open plan office. Participants were selected from researchers’ social network according to purposive sampling technique. At the end of the analyses, dark leadership was explained by themes of wearisome, narcissistic, insincere and tyrannous leader behaviors, impacts of dark leadership on employees were explained by themes of physiological and psychological effects and employees’ reactions to dark leadership were explained by themes of active and passive reactions. Findings were discussed in terms of their contributions to the management and organization literature and practical implications.

Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) yaygınlığı yaklaşık olarak çocuklukta % 8, ergenlikte % 6 ve erişkinlikte % 4 olarak bildirilmektedir. DEHB, kişilerde işe odaklanamamaya yol açmakta bu da kariyerde ilerlemeye engel olabilmektedir. DEHB olan kişiler birçok işe aynı anda başlamakta ve birçoğunu bitirememektedirler. Bu araştırmada, işyerinde dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite düzeyi belirlenerek bazı demografik değişkenlerle arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırmada Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün "Erişkin Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Kendi Bildirim Ölçeği (ASRS)" kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması Doğan ve arkadaşları (2009) tarafından yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini internet ortamında ulaşılan çalışanlar oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem ise, bu çalışanlar arasından rastgele seçilen 500 kişidir. Araştırma sonucunda, çalışanlarda %2,4 oranında DEHB saptanmıştır. Farklılıklara yönelik yapılan, T testi analizi sonucunda; DEHB olan yönetici ve çalışanlar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık görülmemiştir., The prevalence of Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is reported as 8% in childhood, 6% in adolescence and 4% in adulthood approximately. ADHD leads to inability to focus on work for people and may be an obstacle to progress in people's careers. Individuals with Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder may start a lot of work at the same time and unable to finish the most of it. In this study Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder levels have been determined at work places and its relationships with several demographic variables have been analyzed. In this study, "Self-Report Scale of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults (ASRS)" by WHO (World Health Organization) has been utilized. The validity and reliability study of Turkish form was done by Dogan et al. (2009). The population of the research is the employees reached on the internet. The sample in the study consists of randomly selected 500 people. In the end of the study, it has been seen that 2.4% of the employees have ADH). The T-Test analysis indicates that no significant difference has been found between managers and employees for ADHD.

In this paper I study the behavior of prices in a growing economy in which the money supply is held constant. I show that with increasing levels of output, it is a natural outcome that prices of economic goods will decrease over time, which it is what we define as deflation. In this context, I study in particular the behavior of real and nominal incomes (wages and profits) over time, the evolution of nominal and real GDP and the effects of deflation on debt contracts. Specifically, I assess the common claims that deflation decreases incomes, postpone spending and favors creditors at the expense of debtors. I have found that none of these claims is supported by theoretical analysis in the case that price deflation is the consequence of economic growth with constant money supply.

All investors and stakeholders in general worry about the accuracy of both the financial information and the corporate governance, yet at different scales. Knowing that inadequacies exist in the financial information, would we be able to find some ways that would help us improve the credit rating of the firms? In order to answer this question, our research’s aim is to define the impact of analyst following (analyst quest) on firm’s credit rating throughout the period between 2002 and 2014. The research’ results exhibit that the level of analyst following has a positive influence on firms’ credit rating. However, this constructive influence occurs only when there is a significant degree of analyst following. Indeed, at a low analyst following, our results reveal a negative correlation between this factor and the firm’s credit rating. Consequently, we end up concluding that a high degree of analyst following makes it difficult for insiders to miscommunicate the right information related to firm’s value which reduces agency problems leading to a positive credit rating, thus a low cost of debt.

This paper adopts a multi-issue/multi-period approach to provide new insights into key determinants of constituents’ formal participation in the due process of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). Based on an analysis of 8,825 comment letters submitted during the period 2006–2012, we find imbalances in the representation of constituents. Multiple regressions reveal that among various economic and cultural variables equity market capitalization and the society’s level of individualism are the key drivers of the country-level of constituents’ participation, and each variable has explanatory power over the other. The level of constituents’ participation is positively associated with the number of input opportunities offered by a due process document but unrelated to the complexity of a standard-setting project. The results are robust across various sub-samples and to additional sensitivity tests. Our findings indicate threats to the input legitimacy of the IASB and suggest avenues to stimulate constituents’ participation.

This is a draft of an article that will be published - after some editorial revision - in the Journal of Governance and Regulation. It discusses first the differences between market economic models, socialist or planned economies, and economies controlled by monopolies or cartels, to make the case for competition supervision. Subsequently it argues for a broad approach to competition supervision - beyond a narrow view of antitrust law. This part discusses monopoly or dominant position and the criteria to measure them. It reviews the reasons for merger control as a preventive step against monopoly or dominant position. Finally it discusses the issues related to collusion in the form of cartels and how to detect them. The third part of the paper focuses on the best ways for developing and transition countries to introduce or reinforce comprehensive competition supervision: Functioning institutions and how they have to be empowered and structured; priorities to be set; how competition oversight has to be embedded in the legal system, including court review; and why effective enforcement is so important and how it can be promoted. In an annex, there are links to some 75 countries which have newly introduced competition laws in the past 25 years and their legislative materials. Finally, there are links to another 30 countries which have substantially revised their legislative bases in the same time frame.

We examine the effects of a mandated credit program to small and medium enterprises in the Philippines (Magna Carta Law) using a panel dataset compiled from official data published by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. The final sample of 109 financial institutions represented over 90% of total finance sector assets in the Philippines. We highlight three important findings. First, although the total lending levels to micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) grew slightly, the percentage shares of loans allocated to MSMEs declined drastically from a peak of 30% of total loans in 2002 to 16.4% in 2010. Second, following the upwards revision of the loan target (from 6% to 8%) for smaller firms in 2008, there was a sharp increase in noncompliance especially amongst universal and commercial banks. Kernel density estimates suggest that the revision of the Magna Carta in 2008 was binding for small firm lending particularly for the universal and commercial banks. On the other hand, total loans to medium enterprises were still more than threefold larger than the targeted 2%. Third, there is an increased heterogeneity in optimal loan portfolio across banks. Most surprisingly, the absolute level of MSME lending by rural and cooperative banks declined since 2008. Direct compliance amongst universal and commercial banks decreased beginning in the late 2007, while that of thrift banks increased to almost 100%. Abolishing the Magna Carta targets for medium-sized enterprise loans would most likely yield little adverse effects. Meanwhile, efforts to improve financial access to MSMEs should focus on alternative nondistortionary ways to increase financing supply, such as improving institutional framework for informational availability and development of equity and bond markets for MSMEs.

Auditors used to serve the interest of the shareholders only. However, there have been significant changes in terms of auditors’ role and their function. Auditors are now expected to verify financial statements, but at the same time give an assurance regarding the financial sustainability of the entity. Regarding the latter role, audit firms provide consulting services, including risk assessment and management services. However, the law does not assign the latter role to external auditors. This situation results in an expectations gap in relation to both the role of the auditors and the scope of the external auditing. In addition, the growing economic importance of consulting and the long years of auditor tenure is likely to impair auditor independence. This paper submits that the new form of auditing is not problematic but creates issues. First, the expectations between the users of the financial reports and auditors are wider. Second, auditors’ independence is damaged due to the long years of auditor tenure and dependence of non-audit fees generated from consultancy services that not related to audit. The recent law reforms issued by the European Commission has brought some important provisions in terms of filling the expectations gap, reinforcing auditor independence and reducing the familiarity threat. EU’s relatively strict rules on provision of non-audit services and audit firm rotation are expected to have an important impact in the audit market. A critical analysis of the new EU law is submitted with some policy recommendations.

Globally, the energy sector is fast nearing a tipping point of no return, transitioning from fossil fuel to renewable energy. Business is turning to the IT department to leverage technology that will reduce organisational wide production and operational cost in a fast changing economy. The business expects the IT department to be innovative and build new IT competencies for a rapid response to the transition towards renewable energy. This study contributes new knowledge regarding the impact of management theory and approaches on the successful implementation of IT in the African Oil and Gas industry. The research shows that capabilities such as innovation and people competencies are growing in importance while IT leadership is becoming a critical role in supporting and delivering on the business objectives as enabler and transformational agent of business. Capabilities such as systems thinking, business acumen and interpersonal skills are key IT management competencies for transformation innovation leadership. Knowing the business needs, the IT department can provide integrated solutions that support the complete business value chain without exposing the business to a rigid IT structure. Remaining competitive, business-driven IT innovation is a vehicle for business to meet new realities. The research followed a multistage mixed-model design using the African Oil and Gas industry as case study.

The healthcare system that the African National Congress (ANC) government inherited in 1994 can hardly be described as functional. Indeed the new government had inherited a combination of deliberate official policy, discriminatory legislation and at times blatant neglect. This paper presents an overview of the evolution of the healthcare system in South Africa. The structures set up under apartheid had implications for provision of public healthcare to South Africans and reveals how governance structures, systems and processes set up during apartheid had implications for the provision of public healthcare to South Africans.

Özellikle devlet üniversitelerinde gerçekleşen kesintisiz işçi hareketleri, grevler ve çalışanlar arası boykotlar; eğitim sektörü için kaygı verici bir olgu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Lagos Devlet Üniversitesi, Güney-Batı, Nijerya’da, çalışan ilişkileri stratejilerinin (örgütsel politikalar, terfi, adalet, takdir ve mentorluk) performans üzerine etkilerini incelemektir. Geliştirilen model, Lagos, Nijerya’daki devlet üniversitesinin çalışanları tarafından doldurulmuş yüz otuz altı (136) geçerli anket kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Değişkenler arasında bulunması muhtemel ilişkilerin ve hipotezlerin test edilmesi için Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları adalet, terfi, mentorluk ve takdirin çalışanların performansı üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Aksine, örgütsel politikaların çalışanların performansı üzerinde olumsuz ve önemsiz etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, çalışanların performansındaki artış, yöneticilerin daha uygun örgütsel politikalara önem vermesini gerektirmektedir.

Çalışma araştırma görevlilerinin akademik kariyerlerinin ilk zamanlarında yaptıkları akademik veya idari işler ve birlikte çalıştıkları diğer akademisyenlerle iletişimleri sonucu kendileriyle ilgili elde ettikleri bilgilerin kariyer gelişimindeki rolünü sorgulamaktadır. Çalışma öz-yeterlilik ve geri bildirim hakkında genel bir literatür derlemesi yapma amacını da taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada araştırma görevlilerinin aldıkları geribildirimlerin öz-yeterlilikleri üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Türkiye'de çalışmakta olan 258 araştırma görevlisine çalışma yapılmıştır. Bulunan sonuca göre işten sağlanan geri bildirimin diğer bireylerden sağlanan geri bildirime göre kişinin öz-yeterlilik algısı üzerine daha fazla etkisi ortaya çıkmıştır. In this study, academic or administrative work of research assistants for the first time in their academic career and communication with other scholars have questioned the role of the result of their work with the information they receive about their career development. Study carries the purpose of making a general review of the literature on feedback and self- efficacy. In this study, the effect of self-sufficiency of feedback received by research assistants was examined. The research involves 258 research assistants working in Turkey. According to the results found, work provided by the feedback obtained from other individuals based on feedback has more impact on people's perception of self-efficacy.

Riane Eisler interviews Jennifer Siebel Newsom, wife of the Governor of California, the most populous U.S. state, who chose the title First Partner rather than First Lady to describe her position. In addition to her role in crafting partnership government policies, Jennifer is a mother, actress, and noted filmmaker, whose documentaries Miss Representation, The Mask You Live In, and The Great American Lie have gained wide acclaim. She has been a leader in California and internationally in raising awareness of the need for, and benefits of, caring partnership government policies.

This article explores factors contributing to a non-dominant collaboration paradigm in a partnership between a government-based international development agency and a university-based non-governmental organization. Anchored in Wood’s and Gray’s collaborative framework, this article describes how the steeply hierarchical partnership navigated the elements of collaboration – organizational autonomy; shared problem domain; interactive processes; shared rules, norms, and structures; and decision making – to produce non-dominant values and practices deriving from negotiated processes, rules, norms, and structures that produced positive collaboration outcomes. In particular, a history of prior mutually beneficial interactions emerges as a critical precondition for achieving a non-dominant collaboration in this case study’s steeply hierarchical organizational relationship, one in which egalitarianism and equal decision-making regarding the agenda and the goals of the collaboration could have been highly constrained.

How does an institution navigate current societal pressures and historical social inequities to move toward a partnerism system? Partnersim is defined as a socio-economic system that values and rewards caring for one another, nature, and our collective future. This article provides a preliminary look at two examples in which the University of Minnesota Extension is moving toward a partnership system. An analysis of results from surveys of two units, one of staff from the Center of Family Development and one of staff and board members from the Regional Sustainable Development Partnership, revealed four factors that influence organizations toward either a domination system or a partnership system. A discussion of the four factors addresses the challenges and the benefits of moving toward a partnership system.

This article reports a pioneering qualitative research study that illuminates the way a global philanthropic partnership enabled the Israeli government to launch a national program which later evolved into a non-governmental initiative. It examines the model of an urban and social rehabilitation program through the prism of its funding partnership, citizen participation practice, and collaboration with municipalities; it also illustrates the way this government-based model was transformed into a new program, detached from governmental ties and shifted to focus on communal and international people-to-people connections and collaborations. The article traces the programmatic transformation that unfolded over four decades.

Artist’s Statement for the cover art of IJPS volume 7, issue 2: D Street, acrylic and ink on paper

Research increasingly suggests that climate change has intensified the frequency of droughts, floods, and other environmental disasters across sub-Saharan Africa. In response to the resulting array of climate-induced challenges, various stakeholders are working collectively to build climate resilience in rural and urban communities and trans-continentally. This paper examines key climate resilience-building projects that have been implemented across sub-Saharan Africa through multi-stakeholder partnerships. It uses a vulnerabilities assessment approach to examine the strategic value of these projects in managing the mitigation of climate shocks and long-term environmental changes. There are still many challenges to building climate resilience in the region, but through multi-stakeholder partnerships, sub-Saharan African nations are expanding their capacity to pool resources and build collective action aimed at financing and scaling up innovative climate solutions. This article contributes to ongoing interdisciplinary academic, management, and policy discourses on global climate adaptation focused on populations and landscapes most at risk.

Humanity is experiencing great trauma during the current phase of globalization. According to the Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE; 2019), “Globalization is… the growing interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information.” The human factor is included significantly in the PIIE definition—cultures, populations and flows of people. The human factor has been the least considered in current and early stages of globalization. That factor causes the most resistance and fear. Where and how are we looking for solutions? We keep focusing on areas where we have invested the most—economy, technology and physical science, while increasingly disregarding human dignity and human agency (Haque, 2018). This article proposes that we can address these inconsistencies in globalization if humanity evolves to greater maturity through a paradigm, which reveals cultural interdependence as a priority on par with economic and technological interdependence. Such a paradigm is Cultural Complementarity, which can harness cultural synergy to complement the achievements already in place and to reduce fear and divisiveness and their resulting excess and crises.

Utilizing the Abagusii community of Southwestern Kenya as a case study, the author explores how patriarchy, a social system that is embedded in a domination social configuration (Eisler, 2007), is fertile ground for several practices which violate girls’ and women’s human rights. These practices range from female genital mutilation to the marginalization of women from participating in more meaningful political leadership and decision-making processes. The author argues that cultural transformation, one of the foundational concepts of her dissertation’s research-based, transformative change leadership development framework “Bold Leadership for Humanity in Practice (BLHP)” (Abuya, 2017), can be an antidote to the prevalent culture of domination in Gusiiland, a culture which perpetuates several practices that violate girls’ and women’s human rights. The author concludes that social change agents and leaders can help foster a culture of partnership, by facilitating a shift in deeply-held cultural assumptions through transformative learning, subsequent transformative change, and cultural transformation for the realization of women’s human rights in Gusiiland.

Sex trafficking and sexual exploitation are tragedies affecting people across the United States and throughout our world. Over 34,700 sex trafficking cases in the US were reported to the National Sex Trafficking Hotline between 2007-2017, while globally, the International Labor Organization estimates 4.8 million people are being sexually exploited. In order to try to reduce and eventually eliminate the demand for sex trafficking and exploitation, Breaking Free, a survivor-led agency in Saint Paul, Minnesota began a partnership with Building Peaceful Community, a Minnesota-based violence prevention organization, to transform its former "John School" into "Men Breaking Free." This new approach, started in June 2018, is showing promising, transformative, healing results both with men referred to the program for having been arrested for trying to purchase sex from another human being, as well as with Breaking Free staff, survivors, and community partners. This paper describes the change from John School to Men Breaking Free, results from the first 14 months of this new approach, and potential implications for more effectively reducing demand and reducing sex trafficking, locally, nationally and world-wide.

Denne artikkelen bygger på analyser av metaforbruk når leiarar og lærarutdannarar i barnehagelærarutdanning fortel om iverksetting av ei reform, og i særleg grad pedagogikkfaget si rolle i denne samanhengen. Barnehagelærarutdanningsreforma vart sett i verk i 2013, og materialet er samla inn på seks utdanningsinstitusjonar i Noreg i 2015. I artikkelen gjer vi greie for teori om metaforar og reformer som kan kaste lys på korleis ein kan forstå metaforane lærarutdannarar og leiarar i barnehagelærarutdanninga brukar når dei skildrar prosessen med å sette reforma i verk. Artikkelen rettar også merksemd mot reform som verktøy for å realisere politikk og skape endring i samfunnet. Deltakarane uttrykker seg metaforisk om eit reformarbeid dei finn krevjande. Dei uttrykker tap med omsyn til pedagogikkfaget; tidlegare var faget «ein stamme» i utdanninga, no er det «ein satellitt». Både deltakarane og forskrifta ber med seg ei felles kulturell forståing av utdanning og kunnskapsdeling som vanskeleg kan foreinast med nye krav og visjonar for utdanninga. Dersom barnehagelærarutdanninga skal vere innovatør i utdanningssystemet, krev det meir enn ei ny forskrift. Leiarar kan finne mykje nytte av å vere merksame på metaforbruk i endringsprosessar. English abstract This article is based on analysis of the use of metaphors when leaders and teacher educators tell about their experiences with implementing a new reform in kindergarten teacher education, which include the experiences with the change of role for ‘pedagogy’ as a discipline. The Kindergarten Teacher Education Reform took custody in 2013. In 2015 we conducted interviews in six higher educational institutions in Norway. In this article we present theories of metaphors and reforms, which can deepen our understanding of the experiences expressed through the participant use of metaphors and give us insight into how we understand, construct and are embedded in cultural layers of metaphorical language. Participants use metaphors to express themselves about a reform they find challenging. They express the loss of a discipline; earlier they understood pedagogy as a “tree trunk”, now as a single “satellite”. The article also addresses the politics of reforms. If kindergarten teacher education is given the task of being the innovators in the education system, more is required than a new regulation. Leaders can benefit from understanding the importance of cultural metaphors in changing teacher education.

Günümüzün rekabet dünyasında örgütleri başarıya ulaştıracak faktörler arasında çalışanlar önemli bir yere sahiptir. Özellikle çalışanların proaktif davranışlarının bu konudaki katkısı yadsınamaz. Bu nedenle proaktif davranış olarak değerlendirilen iş becerikliliği kavramı bu araştırmanın çalışma konusunu oluşturmakta ve bu kapsamda da dönüştürücü liderliğin iş becerikliliği üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu değerlendirmeyi yapabilmek için 138 akademik personelden anket yöntemi ile veri toplanmış ve veriler istatistiki paket programları ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda dönüştürücü liderliğin iş becerikliliğini pozitif yönde ve anlamlı olarak etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca dönüştürücü liderliğin iş becerikliliğinin alt boyutlarını da (görev becerikliliği, bilişsel beceriklilik ve ilişkisel beceriklilik) pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı olarak etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. In today's competitive world, employees have an important place among the factors that will lead organizations to success. In particular, the contribution of proactive behaviors of employees cannot be denied. For this reason, the concept of job crafting, which is considered to be proactive behavior, constitutes the subject of this study. In this context, the effect of transformational leadership on job crafting is tried to be evaluated. In order to carry out this assessment, data were collected from 138 academic staff via questionnaire method and the data were analyzed by statistical package programs. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on the job crafting. In addition, it has been concluded that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on the sub-dimensions of job crafting (task crafting, cognitive crafting and relational crafting).

Med afsæt i et komposteringsprojekt i en dansk, kommunal børnehave undersøger vi, hvilke former for magt og modstand der kommer i spil, når politiske ambitioner om øget grøn omstilling og bæredygtig affaldshåndtering kobles med naturpædagogiske projekter. Inspireret af nymaterielle teorier om handling, magt og modstand viser vi, hvordan komposteringsaktiviteter i børnehaven – til trods for at de præsenteres som et spørgsmål om apolitisk naturfaglig viden – rummer forskellige former for mikropolitisk magt og modstand, der udfordrer det offentlige systems ambitioner om øget grøn omstilling og den form for styring af borgerne, dette system bygger på. Den mikropolitiske modstand ligger især indlejret i pædagogiske tiltag for at sanseliggøre, af-anonymisere og lokalisere affaldet og i lokale forhandlinger om implementering af offentlig affaldssortering i børnehaven. I artiklen argumenteres endvidere for, at et forskningsfokus på sådanne mikropolitiske aspekter af affaldshåndtering og kompostering kan bidrage til at synliggøre og udvikle alternative livsformer og løsninger. English abstract English title: The politics of compost: Power, resistance and change in sustainable transition of waste management in a Danish day care institution Based on a study of composting initiatives in Danish day care institutions, this article explores the forms of power and resistance that emerge when political ambitions to promote sustainability transitions intersect with pedagogical approaches to early childhood nature education. Inspired by new material approaches to agency, power and resistance, the article shows how composting, even though mainly presented as an apolitical activity, involves particular kinds of micro-political engagement and resistance that challenge municipal aims for green transition and the kind of governing of the citizens which is intrisic to this system. Forms of resistance are particularly embedded in pedagogical practices of sensing, de-anonymizing and localizing the waste, as well as in the negotiation over public waste sorting. We argue that by attending to the micro-political aspects of waste management and composting, researchers can play an important role in co-producing and making visible alternative lifeforms and solutions.

Artikeln syftar till att avtäcka de harmoniseringsprocesser som utgår från Trippelhelixmodellen. Detta för att öka medvetenheten om kritiskt motstånd bland universitetslärare. Då denna policymodell har som intention att söka harmonisera olikartade världar – universitetet, industrin och staten – är det relevant att studera dessa processer både textuellt och praktiskt. Artikelns kunskapsproduktion utgår från ett etnografiskt angreppssätt, som en generativ källa till det fenomen som undersöks (dvs. harmonisering utefter Trippelhelix-modellen). Mot bakgrund av det framväxande Mode 2-samhället pekar resultaten på policymakarnas möjligheter till att avväpna kritiskt motstånd. Implikationerna av denna analys visar på ett möjligt kritiskt motstånd för framtida universitetslärare. English abstract English title: Triple Helix, Harmonisation, and Critical Resistance The purpose of this article is to disclose the harmonisation processes that take their point of departure in the triple helix model of innovation, in order to increase awareness of critical resistance among university teachers. As this policy model intends to harmonise different sectors – universities, industry, and the state – it is relevant to study these processes both textually and practically. Knowledge production in this article is based on an ethnographic approach, as a generative source for the phenomenon under investigation (i.e., harmonisation according to the triple helix model). Against the backdrop of the emerging “Mode 2” society, the results outline policymakers’ prospects of disarming critical resistance. The implications of this analysis indicate possible critical resistance from future university teachers.

Artikkelen introduserer forskningsmetoden autoetnografi og diskuterer metoden i lys av begrepet «evidensens tid» og bruken av randomiserte, kontrollerte studier som den metodiske ryggraden i dette evidensbegrepet innenfor helse- og sosialfag. Gjennom tre autoetnografiske historier gis en tydeliggjøring av evidensbegrepets plass i dagens politiske og ideologiske situasjon. Sentralt i denne er new public management som den dominerende modellen for organisering og ledelse innenfor våre helsetjenester. Gjennom sammenstillingen av autoetnografiske tekster og vår forståelse av dagens kunnskapssituasjon søker vi å gi leseren innsikt i hvordan motstand mot ensretting av kunnskap kan erfares og uttrykkes. Avslutningsvis drøfter vi hvordan autoetnografi og dens fokus på subjektive erfaringer kan uttrykke motstand mot en smal forståelse av evidens, kunnskap og den politisk-ideologiske situasjonen som new public management medfører, både i klinisk praksis og innen akademisk virksomhet. English abstract Mainstreaming, standardization and evidence-based practice. Autoethnography as resistance? The article introduces the research method of autoethnography and discusses this method in light of the term “the age of evidence” and the use of randomized, controlled studies as the methodological backbone of this concept of evidence within health and social sciences. Through three autoethnographic stories, a clarification of the place of evidence in today's political and ideological situation is given. Central to this is New Public Management as the dominant model for organization and management within our health services. By bringing together the three autoethnographic texts and our understanding of the current knowledge situation, we seek to provide the reader with insight into how resistance to a narrow understanding of evidence can be experienced and expressed. Finally, we discuss how autoethnography and its focus on subjective experiences can express opposition to this narrow understanding of evidence, knowledge and the political-ideological situation that New Public Management entails, both in clinical practice and in academic activities.

This study investigates how a design team with researchers and participants from different parts and levels of an organisation may function as a participatory method for socially transformative innovation. The experiences gained by a design team in one of Sweden’s major forestry companies are examined through a participatory, single case study approach, in which researchers and employees jointly developed new insights and ideas. The results reveal that the design team functioned well in terms of channelling the participants’ expertise and experiences into innovative ideas, but less well as regards aligning the latter with the company’s regular management procedures, thus reducing the function of the design team to an abstract symbol of organisational ‘modernity’, rather than an effective instrument for social transformation. Validerad;2019;Nivå 1;2019-06-24 (johcin)

Denne artikel handler om, hvordan aktionsforskning kan bidrage til professionsudvikling ved at udvikle og forankre faglig viden i praksis i en højt specialiseret offentlig organisation, som iværksætter indsatser og tilbud til borgere med særlige behov. Artiklen er baseret på et etårigt aktionsforskningsprojekt, hvor organisationen ønskede at udvikle reflekteret faglig viden og begreber i relation til organisationens praksisser i et dialogisk baseret udviklingssamarbejde på tværs af professioner i organisationen. Baggrunden var skærpede krav om, at medarbejderne skal forholde sig reflekterende til viden og udvikle ny viden. Organisationen arbejdede på at blive en ’vidensorganisation’, hvor 22 medarbejdere fra forskellige afdelinger og professioner sammen med forskere og interne konsulenter deltog i fire cykliske aktionsforskningsprocesser. Forskningsdesignet byggede på kvalitative metoder, og der er indsamlet, transskriberet og analyseret empiri gennem hele projektet. Projektet viste, at etableringen af et åbent dialogisk og udfordrende refleksivt lærings- og handlerum kan bidrage til organisatorisk læring, hvor deltagerne i fællesskab bliver aktivt involverede i at udvikle viden i relation til egen profession og på tværs af professioner. I forløbet fik deltagerne realiseret en række vidensprojekter i organisationen, ligesom de fik integreret faglige begreber, teorier og nyere forskningsbaseret viden i praksis. Kritisk refleksion førte til professionsudvikling og en diskursiv reorganisering af vidensbegrebet. English abstract This article is a contribution to the discussion of the use of action research as an approach to creating organizational learning in a time of change, where the criticism of New Public Management as a paradigm is being replaced by new approaches based on higher levels of cocreation through dialogue processes. The article presents and discusses a concrete example of how a larger public, educational institution through action research attempts to create organizational learning and knowledge development through participatory processes. The preliminary results of the project show a high degree of participant engagement, strengthened agency, a sharper language awareness and a nuancing of practice-oriented (often tacit) knowledge as well as enhanced incorporation of academic concepts, theories and contemporary research-based knowledge into the practice. The overall conclusion of the study is that action research as an approach can contribute positively to bridge building between theory and practice and between the organization’s many different actors towards a higher degree of knowledge sharing and the creation of new knowledge.

The Congreso Futuro (Futures Congress), sponsored by the President of Chile, was established in 2011 “as a bridge that connects ideas, people and views that change the world with our society.” The 2018 Futures Congress included 40 panels featuring 130 presenters. Riane Eisler gave two plenary speeches, both featuring a Consciousness focus. In the Master’s Closing of Congress Speech delivered on January 20, 2018 at the Salón Honor – Congreso Nacional (Honor Hall of the former National Congress) in Santiago, she summarized the partnership/domination paradigm as a model for understanding our history and our current societies. She concluded by describing four societal cornerstones (family relations, gender relations, economics, and language and narrative) that support domination or partnership systems.

Nils Palsson and Virajita Singh have partnered in telling Nils’ story of his personal and professional journey with the Transition Town movement – its thought leaders, philosophy, practices, and relationship to the partnership/domination paradigm shift. Through his participation in the grassroots Transition Town movement, Nils found, cultivated, and ultimately shared with others a sense of local empowerment. In his rural home in California’s Lake County, Nils found community, following great personal transformation in his life with the passing of his father. He learned about Transition Towns, permaculture, and other concepts dealing with local resilience, grassroots empowerment, and regenerative and holistic systems and lifestyles. He and others employed the Transition model, as described in Rob Hopkins’ Transition Handbook in transitioning Lake County. In 2015 he became Communications Director of Transition US. In this position, Nils has come to see that the world of Transition is much larger than he had imagined, with citizen-leaders and change agents in Transition Towns working toward environmental justice for all.

Global changes often begin when people take action locally. Communities around the globe are involved in creative community-based actions that promote mutual respect, social and economic justice, and gender and environmental balance. Insights from ecological thinking, systems thinking, quantum reality, and integral vision perspectives offer new ways to understand the terms ’local’ and ‘global’, and their context. Also, today more than ever, cultural transformation models of domination and partnership coexist and are intertwined in our societal context. To advance partnership, then, requires exercising of conscious intention and choice. Design, with its goal to create, can effectively catalyze the partnership model in global and local contexts. Reviewing global examples (UNESCO Creative Cities Network, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and Project Drawdown) and local examples (the National Loon Center in Crosslake, Minnesota and the Southwest Hmong Community Center in Tracy, Minnesota) will show a way to advance partnership more rapidly: using a design thinking/systems thinking lens, insights from ecology and other fields, conscious intention, and the choice of partnership over domination at every opportunity.

Artist's Statement for the cover art of IJPS volume 5, issue 3: Woman in Stone, 2018. Acrylic, crushed stone, plaster on paper.

Buçalışmanın amacı Öğrenci Kariyer Yapılandırma Envanteri’nin (ÖKYE) Türkçeyeuyarlanarak üniversite öğrencileri için geçerlik ve güvenirliğininincelenmesidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi’ndeöğrenim gören 309 öğrenci (161 kadın, 158 erkek) oluşturmaktadır. ÖKYE’ ningeçerlik çalışması kapsamında doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış ve eş değerölçek geçerliği incelenmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda üç faktörlüyapının uyum indekslerinin daha iyi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Eş değer ölçekgeçerliği sonucunda da ÖKYE’ nin alt boyutları ile Kariyer Uyum YetenekleriÖlçeği’ nin alt boyutları arasında pozitif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlıilişkiler bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı .87bulunurken Belirginleştirme” alt boyutu için α= .65, “Keşfetme” alt boyutu içinα= .72 ve “Hazır Olma” ve “Karar verme” alt boyutu için α= .87 olarakbulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak üniversite öğrencilerinin kariyer seçimi konusundatutumlarını, yeterliliklerini ve inançlarını ölçmede Öğrenci KariyerYapılandırma Envanteri’ nin yeterli geçerlik ve güvenirlik değerlerine sahipolduğu söylenebilir., The aim of this study was to adapt the StudentCareer Construction Inventory (SCCI) into Turkish language and examine thereliability and validity among university students. After completingtranslation and back translation studies, SCCI was administered 309 students(161 female and 158 male) from Dokuz Eylül University. In order to assess thevalidity of the SCCI, confirmatory factor analysis and concurrent validity wereconducted. Results indicated that three-factor structure better fit data.Regarding concurrent validity SCCI and their subscales are positivelycorrelated with the sub-dimensions of the Career Adapt Ability Scale. TheCronbach alpha internal consistency coefficent was .65 for Crystallizingsubscale, .72 for Exploring subscale, .87 for Deciding subscale and .87 for allthe scale. As a result, SCCI has enough validity and reliability values formeasuring attitudes, qualifications and beliefs of universty students aboutcareer choice.

In recent years, information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D) approaches have facilitated international development work, but still more effective ICT4D deployments are needed. This article examines how one ICT4D initiative, Scientific Animations without Borders (SAWBO), works with partners in Africa not only to transcend problematic insider / outsider binaries that impact solution delivery but also to implement inter-organizational collaborations on research and mission-critical knowledge-transfer goals that effectively reach the widest diversity of target populations.

Bu çalışmanın amacı; sağlık çalışanlarınınlider-üye etkileşim düzeyleri alt boyutları ile ilgili değerlendirmelerininörgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı ve alt boyutları üzerinde etki gösteripgöstermediğini ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda; Türkiye’nin Ankara ilindefaaliyet gösteren bir kamu hastanesi ve bir özel hastanede görev yapan sağlıkçalışanlarıyla (doktor, hemşire, diğer sağlık personeli ve idari personel) yüzyüze görüşülerek anket formu dağıtılmış ve toplam 423 sağlık çalışanından eldeedilen veriler çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir.Analizler sonucunda; sağlık çalışanlarının lider-üye etkileşim düzeyinin orta,sergiledikleri örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışının ise yüksek seviyede olduğusaptanmıştır. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonuçları; çalışanların lider-üyeetkileşim düzeyiyle ilgili değerlendirmelerinin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışıve alt boyutlarını pozitif yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Elde edilenbulgular, sağlık kuruluşlarının yüksek seviyede lider-üye etkileşimi yoluylaçalışanların örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarını geliştirebileceğinigöstermektedir., This study aims to show whether healthprofessionals’ perceptions regarding leader–member exchange dimensions have anyimpact on their organizational citizenship behaviour and its dimensions. Tothis end, surveys were distributed to health professionals (doctors, nurses,other medical officials and administrative staff) working in a public andprivate hospital located in Turkey’s Ankara province through face-to-facemeetings and the data obtained from 423 health professionals were evaluatedwith multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicated that the healthprofessionals had a medium level of leader-member exchange and high level oforganizational citizenship behaviour. The regression analysis results show thatthe health professionals’ perceptions regarding leader-member exchange hadpositive impacts on organizational citizenship behaviour and its dimensions. The findings suggest that healthcareorganizations can enhance healthcare professionals’ organizational citizenshipbehaviours through high level of leader-member exchange.

İşgücü alanındayaşanan cinsiyet eşitsizliğini birçok toplumda gözlemlemek mümkün olmaklabirlikte cinsiyet eşitsizliği oranları toplumdan topluma farkılılıkgöstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı kültürel boyutlardaki çeşitlilikler ilekadınların işgücündeki yerine dair toplumsal yaklaşımları incelemektir. Buamaçla farklı ülkelere ait açık veri setlerinden alınan değerlerbirleştirilmiştir. Kültürel etkiler için Hofstede’nin kültür boyutları vekadının iş yaşamındaki konumu için Dünya Değerleri Veri Setinden alınan ilgilimaddeler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada hiyerarşik regresyon analizi uygulanmış,gayri safi milli hasıla ve ekonomiye katılım kontrol değişkenleri olarakanalize dahil edilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, (1) kadınların eşlerinden daha fazlapara kazanması bireycilik düzeyinin yüksek olduğu toplumlarda sorun olarakgörülmemektedir, (2) kadınların iş sahibi olmaları belirsizlikten kaçınantoplumlarda bağımsızlık göstergesi olarak algılanmaktadır ve (3) belirsizliktenkaçınan toplumlar iş kısıtlılığı durumunda işi erkeğin hak edeceği görüşünüdesteklememektedir., It is probable to notice gender inequality inthe workforce among most of the societies but inequality rates vary fromsociety to society. The purpose of the current study is to investigate thediversities among cultural dimensions and social attitudes toward the status ofwomen in the workforce. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and items indicating thestatus of women in the workforce (World Values Survey) are combined from differentcountry-based open-source datasets. Hierarchical regression analyses areconducted by controlling gross national product and economic participation. Thefindings showed that (1) making moremoney than husbands is not regarded as a problem by the societies with higherlevels of individualism (2) having a job is perceived as a way of independencyof women and (3) the notion that men should have more right to get a job ifjobs are scarce is not supported by the societies with higher levels ofuncertainty avoidance.

The Interdisciplinary Journal of Partnership Studies publishes a themed issue each fall. The theme for 2018 is "Local Action, Global Impact: From Domination to Partnership." The theme reflects the growing understanding that global changes often begin when people take action locally. The partnership community around the globe is involved in creative community-based actions that promote mutual respect, social and economic justice, and gender and environmental balance. It is time for us to share insights about this work so that we may empower others to follow. The editors invite researchers, scholars, and community leaders to submit original articles for its October 2018 issue. The deadline is September 1st.

Buaraştırmada iş-aile çatışmasının işten ayrılma niyeti üzerindeki etkisindetükenmişliğin aracı rolü Kaynakları Koruma Teorisi’ne dayandırılarak testedilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı iş-aile çatışması ile işten ayrılma niyetiarasındaki ilişkinin tükenmişlik aracılığı ile gerçekleşip gerçekleşmediğinitest etmektir. Bu bağlamda araştırma, iş-aile çatışması yaşayan çalışanlarıişten ayrılma niyetine iten tükenmişlik gibi olumsuz dinamiklerin etkileriniortaya koymak açısından önem taşımaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini kolaydaörnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılan, kamu ve özel sektördeki hastanelerde çalışan294 sağlık personeli oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma modeline ilişkin toplanan veriYapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi ile test edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları iş-aileçatışmasının tükenmişliği ve işten ayrılma niyetini, tükenmişliğin ise iştenayrılma niyetini istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediğinigöstermiştir. Son olarak tükenmişliğin iş-aile çatışması ile işten ayrılmaniyeti arasında tam aracı etkiye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Araştırmabulguları ışığında tükenmişliğin iş-aile çatışması yaşayan çalışanların iştenayrılma niyeti geliştirmelerinde önemli bir köprü görevi gördüğü saptanmıştır., Building on Conservation of Resources Theory,this research examined how employees who feel work-family conflict developturnover intention through burnout. The purpose of the study is to investigatewhether the effect of work-family conflict on turnover intention appearsthrough burnout. In this context, uncovering the effect of negative dynamicssuch as burnout on the direct relationship between work-family conflict andturnover intention represents the originality of the study. The sample of thestudy consists of 294 public and private health employees gathered by convenientsampling method. Data were analysed by using Structural Equation Modelling.Findings show that work-family conflict is statistically significant and apositive predictor of burnout and turnover intention, along with burnout isstatistically significant and a positive predictor of turnover intention.Finally, burnout fully mediates the relationship between work-family conflictand turnover intention. In light of the findings, it was found that burnoutplays a significant bridge role between work-family conflict and turnoverintention.

Buçalışmanın amacı, çoklu kuşak teorisine dayanarak Türkiye’ de farklı kuşaktakiiş görenlerin iş güvencesizliği ve iş-aile çatışması algılarına görefarklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını tespit etmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusundaoluşturulan iki hipotez İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren altı farklı vakıfüniversitesinden 335 akademisyenden elde edilen verilere ANOVA analiziuygulanarak test edilmiştir. Uygulanan analizler sonucunda, Y (1980-1995) ve Xkuşağına (1966-1979) mensup akademisyenlerin iş güvencesizliği algısının bebekpatlaması (1945-1965) kuşağına mensup akademisyenlerin iş güvencesizliğialgısından daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İş-aile çatışması algısıbakımından ise Y, X ve bebek patlaması kuşağına mensup akademisyenler arasındaanlamlı bir fark bulunmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Dolayısıyla, oluşturulan ikihipotezden, yalnızca biri kısmen desteklendiği için, çoklu kuşak teorisininTürkiye örnekleminde geçerliliğinin tartışmalı olduğu iddia edilebilir., Drawingon multigenerational theory, the purpose of this study is to investigatewhether academicians from different generations differentiate in theirperceptions of job insecurity and work-family conflict. Fort his purpose, two hypothesis were testedby applying ANOVA analysis to data collected from 335 academicians working in sixdifferent private universities in İstanbul. The results of the hypothesistesting indicate that, academicians from generation Y (1980-1995) and X(1945-1965) perceive higher level ol job insecurity than Baby Boomers. However, there are no significant differencesamong Generation Y, Generation X and Baby Boomers with regard to work-familyconflict perceptions. Since, only one of the hypothesis is partially supported,it can be assessed that, the generalizability of multigenerational theory toTurkish context is controversial.

A healthy global humanitarian system depends on effective partnerships. Donors, implementing actors, local organizations, and individual experts are all presented with the opportunity to partner with local actors in a beneficial manner, with the goal of best serving disaster- and/or conflict affected populations. This paper argues that lost in the current process is the mutual respect, compassion, and humility needed to establish such meaningful partnerships between the mobilizing team, or outsiders, and the local organizations and affected population, or insiders. Even with the recent emphasis on promoting the localization of aid delivery, the system has missed the mark by using semantics such as “developing local capacity,” which subtly labels the insiders as not equal to, and therefore lesser than, the outsiders. Such a relationship fails to allow those whose lives have been directly affected by disaster and conflict to have an active role in re-shaping the world around them. By relating the impact of a personal experience in Western Darfur, Sudan, and examining the experience within the partnership system approach, the author shows that outsiders who do not build adequate partnerships fail to respect the affected population, and thus fail to learn from them. What needs to be understood about such partnerships is that the affected population, used interchangeably with insiders throughout this discussion, continue to live their lives both through and beyond the crisis, while the international humanitarian actors, outsiders, come and go as is convenient for themselves and/or their organizations. While the insiders inherently live as the experts of their own lives, the outsiders continuously fail to apply the humility and mutual respect needed to partner with these experts.

This reflective analysis focuses on a successful interdisciplinary collaboration between two academics from two different areas of expertise, chemistry and education, who worked together on a curriculum development project. The authors identify three underlying assumptions integral to their successful partnership (being ready for learning, having a commitment to collaborative learning, and seeing each other as peers) and state that their partnership led to new ways of knowing and learning. This article is framed within the field of adult learning and development, and views the authors as learners, thus offering insights into understanding the value of interdisciplinary research partnerships in higher education.

IJPS Editor-in-Chief Riane Eisler interviews Gary Barker, President and CEO of Promundo, co-founder of MenCare, and coordinator of the International Men and Gender Equality Survey, about his work in changing rigid gender stereotypes and the role this plays in moving to a more equitable, less violent, more caring future for both men and women.

Nature-Based Therapy seeks to improve essential components of human health and wellbeing by facilitating valuable opportunities to learn and engage with living, green, non-built nature. There is growing scientific evidence to support the multiple benefits of time spent in nature, urging a call for increased clinical and public health studies to better understand these relationships. Literature suggests that engaging people with nature in lasting and meaningful ways requires intentional activities that relate to everyday life, that bring family, friends and community members together. This paper will examine the foundations of building and implementing one such sustained, structured program at the University of Minnesota, called 30x30 Nature Heals.

Bu araştırmanın amacı Sharifi ve Zhang (1999)tarafından geliştirilen Örgütsel Çeviklik Ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanmasıdır.Çeviklik literatürde üretim sürecinde örgütsel çeviklik ise teknoloji veçevreye uyum sağlama sürecinde rol oynayan önemli bir faktör olaraktanımlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle işletmenin iç ve dış değişimlere uyum sağlaması busayede varlığını sürdürmesi için farklı değişkenlere ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bu değişkenlerle ilişkili geniş araştırmayelpazesini tanımlatacak aracı değişkenler için gelecekteki araştırmalardakullanılmak üzere Örgütsel Çeviklik Ölçeğinin Türkçeye adaptasyonu önemliolarak değerlendirilmektedir. Araştırma Manisa ve İzmir ilinde faaliyetgösteren KOBİ ve Teknopark firmalarında iş gören ve farklı kademelerdekiyöneticiler arasında üç farklı örneklem ile yürütülmüştür. Ölçek uyarlamasüreci Brislin geri çeviri prosedürü takip edildi. Araştırma bir ölçek uyarlamaçalışması olduğu için öncelikle dil geçerliği için biri daha önce ölçekgeliştirme konusunda deneyimli olan İngilizceye hâkim iki akademisyentarafından Türkçeye uyarlaması yapılmıştır ve bu işlemin ardından ilk tercümeyiyapanlardan farklı İngilizceye hâkim iki akademisyen tarafından tekrarİngilizce ve Türkçe çevirisi yapılmıştır. Dil geçerliği sağlandıktan sonraölçeğin yapı geçerliği ve güvenirlik analizi incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin yapıgeçerliğini belirlemek için öncelikle Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA)yapılmış, ölçek orijinaldeki gibi 4 faktörlü çıkmış fakat uyum değerleri kabuledilen değer aralığında çıkmadığı için Keşfedici Faktör Analiz(KFA) yapılmış veKMO 0,895 ve Barlett testi χ2 değeri ise 1668,129(p, The purpose of this study is to adaptOrganizational Agility Questionnaire developed by Sharifi and Zhang (1999) tothe Turkish. In the literature, agility is defined as an important factorplaying a role in the production process while organizational agility isdefined as an important factor playing a role in the process of adaptation totechnology and the environment. Enterprises should adapt to both internal andexternal changes and by this way, they may maintain their presence. For thisreason, to be used in different variants and a wide range of related research,the adaptation of the Organizational Agility Questionnaire to Turkish isimportant. The research was conducted with three different samples includingemployees and managers who work in SMEs and Technopark firms operating inManisa and İzmir. Since the study is a questionnaire adaptation, first of all,for the validity of language, the adaptation of the questionnaire was done bytwo academicians one of whom was experienced in the adaptation of questionnairebefore and after that translation of questionnaire Turkish and English was doneby two different academicians mentioned above. After validating the language,the validity and reliability analysis of the questionnaire were examined.Firstly, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was done in order to determine theconstruct of the questionnaire; the results showed that the questionnaire has 4factors the same as the original. Since goodness-of-fit index of the CFA wasnot in the acceptable range, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) wasperformed. The results of the EFA analysis showed that KMO value was .895,Bartlett test χ2 value was 1668,129 (p

International audience; The purpose of this article is to investigate the debt hierarchy adopted by French companies in the context of asymmetric information. In other words, we identify the hierarchy between the three most used forms of debt that best describes the debt behaviors of French companies. The study relies on the ordered probit regression to identify the hierarchy that best describes the debt behaviors of a sample of 121 non-financial firms listed on the Euronext Paris stock exchange. Next, we perform panel-data regressions to investigate the impact of the financial crisis on debt behaviors. The empirical results show that French companies listed on the SBF 250 follow the hierarchy Bank debt, Bond debt, Convertible bonds. This hierarchy is explained primarily by asymmetric information. Other variables that explain the adoption of this hierarchy include the size, default risk, deficit and R&D expenditures of the company. At a time of crisis, despite the strong asymmetric information, the debt hierarchy is modified. To the best of our knowledge, this article constitutes the first study that addresses the existence of a hierarchy between three types of debt: bank debt, bond debt, and convertible bonds. Hence, it extends the previous research on capital structure and provides new managerial insights.