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Multidimensional models of perfectionism postulate the existence of various perfectionism traits, with different effects on mental health. In order to suggest parsimonious targets in psychological interventions for university students, this study aimed to explore whether, how, and which individual perfectionism traits are uniquely associated with stress and well-being. The participants were 253 students aged 18–30 who completed the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale. Controlling for the common variance of perfectionism traits in statistical analysis, it was shown that (1) Personal Standards were associated with higher well-being and lower stress, (2) Concern over Mistakes and Doubts about Actions were related to lower well-being and higher stress, (3) Parental Expectations and Parental Criticism were not correlated with stress, and (4) Parental Criticism was associated with lower well-being. In the multi-predictor mediation model, with five perfectionism traits as predictors, perceived stress was a significant mediator between several perfectionism traits (i.e., Personal Standards, Concern over Mistakes, and Doubts about Actions) and well-being. Overall, Personal Standards, Concern over Mistakes, and Doubts about Actions seem to be parsimonious psychological targets, with Personal Standards expressing mental health-promoting effects, whereas Parental Expectations and Parental Criticism seem to be less important psychological targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Procrastination has many negative consequences on both physical and mental health and the ability of people to achieve goals. Therefore, it is reasonable to study to know the related factors. The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the path of predicting academic procrastination of students based on their perfectionism and self-efficacy, considering the mediating role of metacognitive beliefs. Materials and Methods: The current research is a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population included undergraduate psychology students of Kerman Islamic Azad University in the academic year 2022-2023, and 227 students were selected by convenience sampling and completed the scales of Savari et al.'s Academic Procrastination, Sherer and Maddux's General Self-Efficacy, Hill et al.'s Perfectionism, and Wells and Cartwright's Metacognitive Beliefs. Data were analyzed using structural equations modelling. Results: The results indicated that self-efficacy has a direct, positive and significant effect on positive metacognitive beliefs (β=0.39, p<0.01) and an inverse, negative and significant effect on negative metacognitive beliefs (β=-0.42, p<0.01) and academic procrastination (β=-0.32, p<0.01). The results also showed that perfectionism has a direct, positive and significant effect on positive metacognitive beliefs (β=0.83, p<0.01) and negative metacognitive beliefs (β=0.51, p<0.01). Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that metacognitive beliefs can play an important role in the relationship between self-efficacy and perfectionism and academic procrastination. Considering the negative consequences of procrastination on the academic health of students, it is recommended that intervention programs be prepared to appropriately change the variables affecting procrastination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is focused on the school head's professional identity, emotional intelligence, and perfectionism as three tier factors to advance pedagogical leadership. The study employed the quantitative descriptive methodology, combining descriptive and multiple linear regression analysis. The researchers-made online survey instrument, via a google form. Responses from 132 school heads were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, and standard deviation. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to determine the significant relationships of the variables. The results reveal that professional identity has a positive relationship with pedagogical leadership. Contradicting result is the emotional intelligence which has a negative relationship with pedagogical leadership. Lastly, perfectionism has a positive relationship with pedagogical leadership. It is concluded that a school head's professional identity, emotional intelligence and perfectionism significantly predict pedagogical leadership. Hence, the department (DepEd) may conduct series of training and workshops for teachers as a capacity building to equip them with knowledge and competencies to handle the numerous challenges in the delivery of quality, relevant, inclusive, and liberating education to the Filipino learners. Further, during Gender and Development programs one activity to consider is the training in emotional development among teachers and school heads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decades of research implicate perfectionism as a risk factor for psychopathology. Most research has focused on trait perfectionism (i.e., needing to be perfect), but there is a growing focus on perfectionistic self‐presentation (PSP) (i.e., the need to seem perfect). The current article reports the results of a meta‐analysis of previous research on the facets of PSP and psychopathology outcomes (either clinical diagnoses of psychiatric disorders or symptoms of these disorders). A systematic literature search retrieved 30 relevant studies (37 samples; N = 15,072), resulting in 192 individual effect‐size indexes that were analysed with random‐effect meta‐analysis. Findings support the notion of PSP as a transdiagnostic factor by showing that PSP facets are associated with various forms of psychopathology, especially social anxiety, depression, vulnerable narcissism and—to lesser extent—grandiose narcissism and anorexia nervosa. The results indicated that there both commonalities across the three PSP and some unique findings highlighting the need to distinguish among appearing perfect, avoiding seeming imperfect and avoiding disclosures of imperfections. Additional analyses yielded little evidence in the results across studies including undergraduates, community samples and clinical samples. Our discussion includes a focus on factors and processes that contribute to the association between PSP and psychopathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to test the factor structure and measurement invariance of the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS) among Chinese adolescents. This study involved 3510 Chinese students aged 11–18 years (Mage = 13.72 years, SD = 1.40). Data analysis consisted of classical item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, Pearson's correlations, and multi-group CFA. Results confirmed a three-factor (Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Striving [SOP-S], Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Critical [SOP-C], and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism [SPP]) 15-item model. SOP-S was positively correlated with self-esteem and life satisfaction, and negatively correlated with anxiety and depression. SOP-C and SPP were the opposite of SOP-S, except that SPP was not significantly related to life satisfaction. Acceptable levels of internal consistency were also obtained. Additionally, the measurement remained invariant across gender and grade. In conclusion, the Chinese version of the CAPS had good psychometric properties in terms of validity and reliability and remained invariant across gender and grade levels in Chinese adolescents. The implications for research and clinical practice were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is a cluster C personality disorder, and the most prevalent one. It is mainly characterized by perfectionism and can cause distress and functional impairment in the individual. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OCPD in medical students, investigate the effect of this disorder on students’ academic performance, and discover any possible related factors. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study consisted of 508 medical students enrolled at the University of Jordan in 2021. It utilized a questionnaire that enquired about their sociodemographic information, academic information, and study habits. It also contained questions about the diagnostic criteria of OCPD from the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and questions from the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5) to assess the presence of the rigid perfectionism personality trait. Results: Fifty-one percent of the studied sample either fulfilled the DSM-5 criteria or showed moderate or high expression of rigid perfectionism, according to the PID-5. More than two-thirds of the students able to be diagnosed with OCPD reported being overwhelmed with anxiety and stress at times of exams, and 41.5% stated that they skip sleep before exams even though they have finished studying. Conclusion: The reported prevalence of 51.18% in medical students is ten times the prevalence of OCPD in the general population. There was no association between OCPD and the students’ gender or academic performance. Students affected by OCPD seem to experience overwhelming amounts of stress and may need mental health support in the form of regular check-ups and counseling services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In her paper “Human Flourishing and Technology Affordances”, Avigail Ferdman argues that our descriptions and analyses of the relationship between digital technology, and the capacities approach to human flourishing, can be enriched by building ‘affordances’ into those descriptions and analyses. This commentary article serves as a supplement to Ferdman’s paper. Here I argue that, in building affordances into the capacities approach, Ferdman has developed the foundations of a method by which perfectionist ethics can be built into action-theoretic accounts of technical function. However, this is possible only if she is willing to expand the ambit of her theory beyond digital technologies and into technology more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amid the growing interest in the relationship between technology and human flourishing, philosophical perfectionism can serve as a fruitful lens through which to normatively evaluate technology. This paper offers an analytic framework that explains the relationship between technology and flourishing by way of innate human capacities. According to perfectionism, our human flourishing is determined by how well we exercise our human capacities to know, create, be sociable, use our bodies and exercise the will, by engaging in activities that ultimately produce valuable output. The paper introduces technology affordances to this framework, to show how affordances enable or restrict the exercise of human capacities, thereby impacting levels of human flourishing. One implication of this analysis is that it highlights how technology affordances can cause the privation (absence) of flourishing, by impoverishing capacities. The upshot is that privation may bring about robustly bad unflourishing, especially given that technology and its affordances have the power to degrade the human capacities in the long run. By linking how human capacities are shaped by affordances, we can achieve a better understanding of the ethical implications of technology on human flourishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction : High blood pressure is one of the most common and important threats to human health and is the main cause of premature death all over the world. High blood pressure is caused by psycho -physiological factors. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between mindfulness, personality factors and perfectionism and anger in high blood pressure patients. Methods: This research was a descriptive -cross -sectional and correlational study. The statistical population was the patients with high blood pressure who referred to the medical centers of Tabriz city in 1401. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size of the research was 184 people who were selected by convenience sampling method. Research tools were Multidimensional Perfectionism Questionnaire, Spielberger State - Trait Anger Questionnaire, Revised NEO Questionnaire (short form), and Brown and Ryan Mindfulness Assessment Scale. Data were analyzed by correlation and regression tests withthrough SPSS -25 software . Results: The results showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between mindfulness and anger in high blood pressure patients (P<0/05). Among the personality factors, narcissism and conscientiousness had a positive and significant relationship with anger. There was a negative and significant relationship between extroversion, flexibility and agreeableness and anger regarding high blood pressure patients (P < 0/05). There was a positive and significant relationship between self-oriented, other -oriented and community -oriented perfectionism and anger in high blood pressure patients (P< 0/05). Also, mindfulness, personality factors and perfectionism can predict anger (P<0/05). Conclusion: The results showed that there was a relationship between mindfulness, personality factors and, and anger. Therefore, by identifying psychological variables such as mindfulness, personality factors and perfectionism and its relationship with anger, blood pressure reduction in patients can be helped. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Perfectionism is a common transdiagnostic problem that may lead to substantial distress and functional impairments. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for perfectionism. However, the existing significant barriers to access and utilization of mental health services, including among college students, demand the development of low‐intensity accessible interventions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a low‐intensity CBT‐based self‐help gamified app developed specifically for perfectionism in a sample of college students. Methods: Participants completed assessments of perfectionism, related symptoms, emotional burden and functional impairments at pretreatment, posttreatment and at one‐month follow‐up. Results: Compared with the waitlist condition (n = 35), the app condition (n = 35) demonstrated a significant and greater reduction in perfectionism, obsessive‐compulsive symptoms, functional impairments and subjective ratings of emotional burden. Conclusions: Results suggest that a brief, daily app‐based game‐like intervention targeting maladaptive perfectionistic beliefs may be a viable, low‐cost alternative to traditional CBT treatments for vulnerable populations on college campuses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Introduction.: Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students must meet high standards throughout their lives and careers, which can cause stress and anxiety, with potentially devastating impacts. This quantitative study examined whether and to what extent perfectionism, demographic characteristics, and coping strategies relate to state (situation-related) and trait (personality-related) anxiety in DPT students. Review of Literature.: Existing literature demonstrates high anxiety levels in DPT students; also, maladaptive perfectionism is associated with higher levels of stress. The predictive relationship between coping, perfectionism, and anxiety in DPT students has not been assessed. Subjects.: Convenience sample of DPT students in their first through third years across 8 different DPT programs (n = 206). Methods.: This paper was a cross-sectional, nonexperimental, multisite project. A hierarchical linear regression assessed the relationship between variables (demographics, coping, perfectionism, state anxiety, and trait anxiety). Results.: Approximately 81.5% of the sample reported being not a perfectionist, 7.0% maladaptive perfectionists, and 11.5% adaptive perfectionists. Students using adaptive coping comprised 72.3% of the sample, whereas 28.0% used primarily maladaptive coping mechanisms. State Trait Anxiety Inventory scores were higher for this sample of DPT students when compared with published studies in the normal population. Significant predictor variables for state anxiety were sex, type of coping strategies used, and class year in the DPT program. For trait anxiety, sex, coping strategy type, maladaptive perfectionism, and class year were significant. Discussion and Conclusion.: There is a predictive relationship between sex, type of coping strategies used, and year within the DPT program for both state and trait anxiety in DPT students. Presence of maladaptive perfectionism was an additional predictive variable for trait anxiety. This knowledge can help educational institutions better identify at-risk students for anxiety and tailor programs to better meet the individual needs of our students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Amman Arab University Journal is the property of Amman Arab University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Perfectionism is a vulnerability factor for a wide array of psychopathology. Despite much evidence suggesting dysregulated stress response as an intermediary process that links perfectionism to psychopathology, the lack of a cross-lagged examination deterred researchers from making causal interpretations. This study examined the directionality of effects among perfectionism dimensions, stress reactivity, and depression. A total of 189 participants at time 1 and 94 at time 2 completed an online survey that consisted of measures of perfectionism, stress reactivity, and depression, one month apart. Cross-lagged analysis results showed that personal standards perfectionism predicted later prolonged stress reactivity but not depression at time 2. Self-critical perfectionism predicted later depression but not prolonged stress reactivity at time 2. Rather, prolonged stress reactivity at time 1 predicted self-critical perfectionism at time 2. Findings suggest that perfectionism dimensions are distinct in creating a dysregulated stress process. Future studies could incorporate other stress-related variables (e.g., coping) to further explicate the stress-generation process, in conjunction with stress reactivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Institute / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Bingol University / Rectorate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the study presented in this article was to examine how people in independent senior management positions (exposed and highly placed in the organisational structure), who are perceived as successful people in the social space, perceive themselves and the achieved professional success, and to what extent the attitudes adopted, perceptions and evaluation regarding themselves can be identified with impostor syndrome. Successful people, especially in the context of professional success, are usually defined as those who, in the professional and social dimensions, have achieved above-average results expressed in social, financial, economic, and job status. This article presents the results of a preliminary qualitative study conducted among 32 senior managers, directors, and business owners employed in large Polish organisations and in subsidiaries of foreign companies located in Poland. The research used Rosenberg's SES self-assessment scale and individual in-depth interviews (IDI). The research showed to what extent the problem of impostor syndrome actually affects people who seemingly should not be affected by it (managers). Research shows how diverse the perception of professional success is among people holding prestigious managerial positions. Further in-depth research should be conducted to explore additional, individual psychological aspects related to the sense of professional success among managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Academic procrastination is a common phenomenon among medical science students. This issue can negatively affect the students' academic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate perfectionism and anxiety as potential predictors of academic procrastination in medical and dental students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical and dental students of a public medical sciences university in the south of Iran. Students were assessed using the procrastination assessment scale for students (PASS), Tehran multidimensional perfectionism scale (TMPS), and anxiety subscale of the general health questionnaire (GHQ). Predictors of academic procrastination were evaluated using multiple regression analysis with adjustments made for gender and academic semester. Results: A total of 176 medical and 79 dental students participated in the study. None of the perfectionism components were predictors of academic procrastination. However, anxiety was a significant predictor of academic procrastination in the total sample of students (standardized β = 0.404, p < 0.001), as well as dental (standardized β = 0.356, p < 0.001) and medical (standardized β = 0.478, p < 0.001) students. Anxiety and academic procrastination were both negatively correlated with students' grade point averages. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that anxiety, as opposed to perfectionism, has a more significant influence on academic procrastination among medical and dental students. Interventions aimed at lowering anxiety may be beneficial for reducing academic procrastination, thereby enhancing the academic performance of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This research aimed to examine predictors of discrepancies between actual and ideal body images, specifically body fat and muscularity discrepancies, in kinesiology students. Methods: Volunteer participants (N = 174, men = 112, women = 62) filled out the sex-specific Somatomorphic Matrices (NSM-M and SM-F) as well as The Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (PNPS), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSE), and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) using paper and pencil tools. Results: The median and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to determine sex differences, and regression analyses were used to determine the contribution of sex, perfectionism, self-esteem, and eating attitudes in explaining the variances in body fat and muscularity dissatisfaction. The results showed no sex differences in body fat discrepancy, while men showed more discrepancy between actual and ideal muscularity than women. In regression analyses, sex was the only significant predictor of muscularity discrepancy, while disordered eating attitudes were a positive, and positive perfectionism was a negative predictor of body fat discrepancy. Discussion: This study showed that while muscularity dissatisfaction is linked to the male sex, body fat dissatisfaction is not related to sex but to psychological variables of disordered eating attitudes and positive perfectionism in a population of youths that may be above average when it comes to physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The study explores language acquisition in Chinese English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education, where English proficiency is crucial for global opportunities. As China gains prominence, the demand for English skills rises beyond communication to include academic and business success. The Chinese education system emphasizes proficient English writing for further education and professional achievement. This research investigates the complex linguistic context for EFL learners in China, analyzing the intersection of psychological factors, cultural nuances, varied pedagogy, and individual experiences. Methods: Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is utilized for analysis, enabling the creation of a metric set to explore intangibles such as perfectionism, learning self-efficacy, motivation, study habits, cultural influences, and introspection. The research utilizes a diverse sample from multiple universities across different regions of China, incorporating demographic factors to encompass the varied characteristics within the EFL learner community. Results: Results reveal that perfectionism (β = 0.30, p < 0.001), learning self-efficacy (β = 0.25, p = 0.005), motivation (β = 0.35, p < 0.001), study habits (β = 0.20, p = 0.01), and self-reflection (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) significantly predict writing proficiency. Cultural effects (Beta = 0.15, p = 0.05) show a statistically significant, albeit minimal, impact. Mediation-moderation analysis underscores perfectionism as a mediator (Beta = 0.25, p = 0.005), emphasizing its influence on other predictors. Cultural factors act as moderators (Beta = 0.15, p = 0.01), shaping the link between predictors and writing skills. The combined mediation and moderation effects on writing proficiency are positively significant (Beta = 0.20, p = 0.02). Conclusions: This study makes a significant theoretical contribution, enhancing existing models and providing practical insights for EFL educators and policymakers. Emphasizing the intricate relationship between psychological factors and cultural dynamics underscores the necessity for a sophisticated, culturally sensitive approach to language acquisition in Chinese EFL instruction. Beyond language skills, the research recognizes the importance of fostering a conducive environment that encourages personal development, socio-cultural awareness, and a holistic learning approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals who experience the imposter phenomenon (IP) have feelings of self-doubt and are concerned that they will be exposed as frauds. Previous research has indicated that IP is associated with anxiety, depression and low self-esteem, and university students are thought to be particularly susceptible to IP. This study investigated the relationship between IP and self-efficacy, maladaptive perfectionism and happiness in university students, and examined whether these variables differ between females and males. The study also examined whether IP was associated with belonging and perceived levels of academic competition. Participants (N = 261) completed the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), New General Self-Efficacy (NGSE), Big Three Perfectionism Scale – Short Form (BTPS-SF), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), plus measures of belonging and perceived competition. As predicted, CIPS scores correlated negatively with NGSE and OHQ and positively with BTPS-SF in both sexes. Females scored higher, on average, than males on CIPS and BTPS-SF, and the gender difference in CIPS remained after indirect effects of perfectionism were removed. Neither belonging nor competition correlated with CIPS scores. The negative relationship between perfectionism and happiness was fully mediated by imposterism, which suggests that designing interventions that reduce IP could positively enhance student wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Academic achievement anxiety as an educational problem affects all aspects of the educational system. This structure has become a global concern in current educational environments and has a significant scope in educational systems. The problem is that the relationships of various variables with academic achievement anxiety have been confirmed, but the relationships of variables such as perfectionism, spiritual intelligence and happiness have been neglected in the form of structural relationships, and there is a major research gap in this field. Aims: This study investigated the effect of perfectionism on academic achievement anxiety with the mediation of spiritual intelligence and happiness of Babol seminary students. Methods: Structural Equation Modeling was used for the analysis and interpretation of the data. A total of seminary students (220 boys) were selected by convenience sampling. Perfectionism, Academic Achievement Anxiety, Academic Procrastination Scale (Solomon & Rohblum) Spiritual Intelligence and Happiness Questionnaires were used to collect data. The structural equation modeling method was used for data analysis using SPSS version 22 software at the statistical level of 0.05 Results: The results of structural equation modeling showed that the data had an acceptable fit with the conceptual model and was confirmed. According to the structural model of the research, perfectionism had a significant effect on spiritual intelligence, happiness and academic achievement anxiety, and spiritual intelligence, happiness had a significant effect on academic achievement anxiety. Also spiritual intelligence and happiness had mediator role in relationship between perfectionism on academic achievement anxiety. Conclusion: Therefore, to reduce academic achievement anxiety, interventions that guide students in the direction of knowledge, insight and change of attitude about their academic anxiety should be used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Very little is known about the circumstances under which hyperglycaemia aversion develops and is maintained. The present study aimed to identify psychological factors involved in the process of hyperglycaemia aversion and to understand how it affects people's self‐management of type 1 diabetes. Design: Qualitative, in‐depth interviews were used. Methods: A constructivist grounded theory study, using semi‐structured participant interviews, was undertaken to build a theoretical model of the process of hyperglycaemia aversion. Results: Eighteen participants were interviewed. Fifteen were considered hyperglycaemia averse and included in the analysis. A theoretical model was developed to describe and explain processes involved in hyperglycaemia aversion. Many participants held very high standards for themselves and often had a strong preference for control. While some participants described anxiety associated with higher blood glucose, the most proximal driver of their approach was self‐criticism and frustration associated with not meeting their own high standards for blood glucose. A number of attentional processes and beliefs, mostly related to hypoglycaemia, maintained and reinforced their blood glucose preference. Diabetes technology served as an enabler, raiser of standards, and additional critical judge of participants' hyperglycaemia aversion. Conclusions: The trans‐diagnostic concept of emotional over‐control is used to understand the proposed model of processes of hyperglycaemia aversion. The present study offers new insight which will aid clinicians in identifying and supporting those who may be at risk of psychological distress and harm associated with a preference for avoidance of higher blood glucose levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Traditionally, perfectionism has been regarded as a commendable trait in the realm of sports and exercise. However, recent research has uncovered a paradoxical aspect of perfectionism in these domains. This umbrella review seeks to offer a comprehensive overview of the intricate role that perfectionism plays in sport and exercise performance. Method: As an umbrella review, we systematically explored three widely used scientific databases--PubMed, Scopus, and ISI--to identify relevant systematic reviewes and meta-analyses investigating the relationship between perfectionism and sports performance. Results: After careful evaluation, eight studies met our inclusion criteria and were included in the study. These eight eligible studies comprised five systematic reviews and three systematic review and meta-analysis publications. These publications have explored the correlation between perfectionism and sports performance in teenager and adult populations, as well as professional and amateur athletes. Most of the original articles included in these studies had a cross-sectional design and some of them were longitudinal research. All reviewed articles reported a significant correlation between perfectionism and sports performance, regardless of gender and age. In general, the main consensus of these studies is a moderate to high positive correlation between perfectionistic strivings and sports performance, as well as a moderate to high negative correlation between perfectionistic concerns and sports performance. Conclusion: In summary, perfectionism exhibits both positive and negative effects on athlete outcomes. Maladaptive perfectionism is linked to adverse consequences, while adaptive perfectionism can yield positive effects. Promisingly, psychological interventions such as mindfulness-based approaches and ACT-based interventions show potential in reducing perfectionism and enhancing athlete outcomes. Future research should delve deeper into the intricate relationship between perfectionism and athlete performance and continue to devise interventions that counteract the detrimental effects of perfectionistic tendencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More research is needed to understand the relationships between imposter syndrome, perfection, and stress, as well as how they might be similar or different among first- and continuing-generation college students. This research study examines the relationships among imposter syndrome, perfectionism, and stress among first- and continuing-generation college students. Participants included 388 college students, including 184 (47.4%) first-generation students. Results indicate levels of imposter syndrome and stress are similar between first- and continuing-generation students. Levels of socially prescribed perfectionism are significantly correlated with imposter syndrome and stress for both groups; however, imposter syndrome is more strongly associated with stress among first-generation students. Implications for college student mental health and retention are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased social isolation for mothers, and rumination exacerbates postpartum depression in mothers with poor social support. Although behavioral activation can help to decrease their depressive symptoms, the mechanism by which behavioral activation reduces postpartum depression remains unclear. Methods: We examined the effects of rumination and behavioral activation on depression in postpartum women by examining a model mediated by subjective reward perception. A questionnaire was administered to 475 postpartum women (Age: Mean = 30.74 years, SD = 5.02) within 1 year of childbirth using an Internet survey. The measurements included perinatal depression, rumination, and behavioral activation, and we assessed environmental reward. To control for confounding variables, we assessed psychiatric history, social support, parenting perfectionism, and COVID-19 avoidance. Results: Eighty-four (17.68%) mothers had possible postpartum depression. The covariance structure analysis showed that not only was there a direct positive path from rumination to postnatal depression but also a negative path via reward perception. Discussion: This finding indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic could have increased depression in many of the mothers. Rumination not only directly relates to postpartum depression, but it could also indirectly relate to postpartum depression by decreasing exposure to positive reinforcers. In addition, having a history of psychiatric illness increases the effect of rumination on postpartum depression. These findings suggest that psychological interventions are needed to reduce rumination and increase contact with positive reinforcements to reduce postpartum depression, especially for highrisk groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the influence of disciplining experiences on a variety of personality factors has been studied, there is less clarity on how disciplining experiences influence the traits of perfectionism and self-compassion in individuals. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between different domains of perfectionism and self-compassion, as well as the influence of specific aspects of disciplining experiences, such as parental warmth and punishment experiences, on perfectionism and self-compassion. In this study, a quantitative cross-sectional correlational design was used. A total of 220 Indian emerging adults from the city of Bangalore were surveyed via convenience sampling. The following scales were administered: Disciplining Experiences Measure, Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and Self-Compassion Scale. The results showed that (1) Self Compassion has a significant positive relationship with Perfectionism; (2) Punishment experience has an influence on Other-oriented and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism; (3) Disciplining Helped positively predicted Self-oriented Perfectionism; and (4) Parental Warmth positively predicted Self-compassion in individuals. The findings contribute to the literature emphasizing the influence of disciplining experiences on one's self and personality, as well as the potential benefits of self-compassion-based interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-compassion is a construct of positive psychology related to personality and cognitive factors. Perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity are prevalent personality traits among university students and are associated with low self-compassion. Further research is required to comprehend how these mechanisms work in creating self-compassion. Consequently, the current study investigated the direct and indirect relationship between perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity with self-compassion via repetitive negative thinking. To this end, a sample of 450 students studying in Tehran during the 2022 academic year was selected as the study sample. The results indicated that perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity demonstrate a negative direct relationship with self-compassion, while perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity exhibit an indirect relationship with self-compassion via repetitive negative thinking. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the relationship between perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity with self-compassion is not straightforward and that repetitive negative thinking can mediate this relationship. The results can be used to improve methods for increasing self-compassion and paying attention to personality, and cognitive factors can be an important step toward more effective self-compassion interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionPediatricians in training are a population at risk for anxiety and depression: they face long working hours, they are confronted with the suffering and death of a vulnerable population and may have personal characteristics that put them in danger. Nonetheless, few studies have looked at their prevalence and associated factors. We aimed to compare demographic, professional activities, adversities and perfectionism personality features between a group of pediatricians in training with depression and/or anxiety and a group of pediatricians in training without depression nor anxiety and, to identify the variables that increase the probabilities of depression and/or anxiety in pediatricians in training.MethodsPediatric residents who voluntarily answered an online survey distributed via personal and institutional social media channels from October 2019 to April 2021, as part of a cross-sectional study with medical specialists and residents from Mexico were included. Demographic information, professional activities and adversities, perfectionism personality features (Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale), depression and anxiety (ICD-11 PHC) were evaluated. For comparison purposes Chi-square tests (χ2) and independent sample t-tests were used. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify those variables that increase the probabilities of depression and/or anxiety.Results934 pediatric residents answered the survey. 11.6% reported having depression and 20% anxiety. Being single, a history of anxious or depressive episodes, being the resident in charge of a patient who died, aggressions from colleagues and a high concern for errors were associated with current depression and/or anxiety.DiscussionScreening for depressive and anxious symptoms should be routinely performed from entry to the residency to favor early intervention. A shift from promoting perfectionism to a more compassionate training could serve a population facing so many adversities.

Background: Currently, there is great interest in analyzing perfectionism as a trait especially characteristic of people with high abilities (H.A.A.). However, the findings obtained are heterogeneous and inconclusive, which could be due to the multidimensional nature of this construct, which includes both Negative Perfectionism (NP) and Positive Perfectionism (PP). State of the art: The present systematic review aims to investigate whether perfectionism is a defining and exclusive characteristic of gifted students. According to the criteria of the PRISMA statement, ten publications were included. Conclusions: The results obtained were inconclusive, since in some papers significant differences in perfectionism were found between the AA.CC vs. non-gifted group, while in others no differences were found.

IntroductionIn general, increased levels of perfectionism have been associated with increased levels of burnout, heightened levels of depression and anxiety, lowered self-esteem, and poorer overall performance, yet perfectionistic strivings within athletes have also been associated with lower burnout and better performance in some contexts.MethodsThe current study investigated whether emotion regulation strategies would indirectly link perfectionism with self-esteem in young adults who had participated in competitive athletics. Two hundred and fifty-three primarily white (60.0 %), female (83.0 %) undergraduate students who had participated in competitive athletics completed a series of questionnaires including: the Self-liking and Self-Competence Scale – Revised, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and the short form of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale.ResultsThe PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to examine the indirect association between perfectionism and self-esteem through emotion regulation. Higher self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism were both indirectly associated with lower self-liking and self-competence through greater catastrophizing and self-blame.DiscussionFor individuals like athletes, who experience internal and external pressures, increased perfectionism may lead to negative self-views through maladaptive emotion regulation. However, longitudinal and experimental work is needed to establish this proposed pattern of relationships.

Internet technology has changed the way we interact, and online communication has become increasingly common. There is a need to know more about how individuals present and behave online. The study examined relationships between perfectionism (self-oriented, socially prescribed, other-oriented), online self-presentation types (idealised self, multiple selves and consistent self), cyberbullying experiences (victimisation and perpetration) and psychological outcomes (rumination and depressive symptoms). An online questionnaire measuring these variables was completed by 139 general population adults (91.2 % from the UK, 73 % female; age range 17–70 years; Mean = 33.32 SD = 13.76). Regression analysis showed a role of self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism in idealised self and multiple selves online presentation. Further, self-presentation was related to individuals’ likelihood to engage in cyberbullying as a perpetrator. Finally, self-presentation and cyberbullying perpetration were predictive of rumination and depressive symptoms. The findings provide insight into adults’ online behaviour and related outcomes thus contributing to our understanding of the psychology within online interactions.

The association between parental burnout and perfectionism, and whether and to what extent it is mediated by self-compassion, in case of mothers of children with Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) were rarely investigated in the related literature. To fill the gap felt, the present study aimed at providing a model for self-compassion, parental burnout, and perfectionism. The participants were 305 mothers of children with SLD, from Hamedan province, Iran, who had been referred to the relevant treatment centers between 2020 and 2021. Selected through convenience sampling, they took part in the study by completing three questionnaires, i.e., Parental Burnout Assessment (Roskam et al., 2018), Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt & Flett, 1991), and Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003). To fit the model, structural equation modelling was conducted in Amos v24 software. It was found that self-compassion mediates the negative relationship between parental burnout and perfectionism. It can be concluded that women during motherhood become emotionally vulnerable and are susceptible to face psychological challenges and such challenges can be exacerbated in the case of mothers of children with SLD or other learning disabilities.

BackgroundEating disorder (ED) subtyping studies have often extracted an undercontrolled, an overcontrolled and a resilient profile based on trait impulsivity and perfectionism. However, the extent to which methodological choices impact the coherence and distinctness of resulting subtypes remains unclear.ObjectiveIn this paper, we aimed to assess the robustness of these findings by extracting personality-based subtypes on a sample of ED patients (N = 221) under different analytic conditions.MethodsWe ran four latent profile analyses (LPA), varying the extent to which we constrained variances and covariances during model parametrization. We then performed a comparative analysis also including state ED symptom measures as indicators. Finally, we used cross-method validation via k-means clustering to further assess the robustness of our profiles.ResultsOur results demonstrated a four-profile model based on variances in impulsivity and perfectionism to fit the data well. Across model solutions, the profiles with the most and least state and trait disturbances were replicated most stably, while more nuanced variations in trait variables resulted in less consistent profiles. Inclusion of ED symptoms as indicator variables increased subtype differentiation and similarity across profiles. Validation cluster analyses aligned most with more restrictive LPA models.ConclusionThese results suggest that ED subtypes track true constructs, since subtypes emerged method-independently. We found analytic methods to constrain the theoretical and practical conclusions that can be drawn. This underscores the importance of objective-driven analytic design and highlights its relevance in applying research findings in clinical practice.

Introduction and aimThe excessive involvement in physical activity without stopping in between sessions despite injuries, the continuous thinking to exercise feeling insane thoughts and experiencing withdrawal symptoms are all characteristics of the Exercise Addiction (EA), an addictive behavior. While the primary exercise addiction is directly caused by compulsive exercise, many studies highlighted the relationship between Eating Disorders (ED) and EA, defining the secondary EA. The correlation between EA, social media use (SMU) and other individual traits remains a relatively underexplored domain. Therefore, this review aimed to examine the latest evidence on the relationship between EA, SMU, and some personality traits such as perfectionism and body image.MethodsElectronic databases including PubMed, Medline, PsycARTICLES, Embase, Web of Science were searched from January 2019 to October 2023, following the PRISMA guidelines.ResultsA total of 15 articles were examined and consolidated in this review. EA was found to be related to different individual traits such perfectionism, body dissatisfaction, depression, obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. While controversial results were found regarding the relationship between EA and SMU.ConclusionThe interaction between mental health, exercise addiction and social media use is complex. Excessive engagement in these latter may result in negative mental health consequences despite their potential benefits. Understanding individual differences and developing effective interventions is crucial to promoting healthy habits and mitigating the EA risks, ultimately enhancing mental well-being. Further research should focus on the identification of risks and protective factors with the eventual aim of developing and implementing effective prevention strategies.

Perfectionism means setting very high and absolute standards and criteria in various areas of human life and action, defined on a predetermined path in order to achieve a certain goal. Moving on the path of mystical behavior requires adherence to certain rules and principles in order to achieve the necessary quality to reach extinction and absolute truth. Attar sets very high and difficult standards and expectations for the salik, and this situation extends to the salik's personal and social life as well. Anxiety and perfectionism have a two-way and mutual relationship, and their roots can be traced back to the poet's existential anxiety in dealing with the qualitative and abstract path of behavior. The anxiety resulting from decline, the inherent and omnipresent absoluteness of God, the failure of man to claim his place in heaven and the anxiety of dependence on the lowest possible point, are reflected in the realm of Attar's thought as an attempt to compensate to the maximum and restore the dignity of man. The main result of Attar's perfectionism is the binary thinking or the "all or nothing" that does not accept being in the middle of the path of the path and only accepts reaching the end of the path. Religious obsession or scrupulousness and emphasis on acts of worship that go beyond religious rules are other results of perfectionism. By narrating the story of the perfectionism of the mystics and Sufism, Attar recreates his original view on the quality of behavior and the way the salik moves.

Abstract Purpose Orthorexia nervosa (ON), a proposed disorder describing an obsessive focus on “healthy” eating, is characterised as having overlapping symptoms with obsessive–compulsive disorder. However, ON/obsessive–compulsive (OC) symptom relationships are inconsistently reported. The current study aimed to investigate if the contribution of OC symptoms and beliefs explain variability in ON symptoms and determine if perfectionism, a transdiagnostic factor, moderates the ON/OC symptom relationship. Methods The study comprised 190 participants (M age = 28.63, SD age = 9.88; 80% female) recruited via an undergraduate research programme, social media, advocacy organisations, and a participant registry. Participants completed an online questionnaire assessing ON, OC, and perfectionism symptoms. Results A linear regression analysis found OC symptoms and beliefs explained 22.9% variability in ON symptoms (p

Abstract Background The effect of social media (SM) on university students' educational progress and mental health has been studied in various contexts. However, the correlation between Chinese EFL learners' use of SM (problematic and non-problematic) and their language achievement, foreign language anxiety, and perfectionism requires further investigation. Objectives To address this gap, a mixed-method research design was utilized. This study recruited 480 English language learners from Ningbo University of Finance and Economics in China using convenience sampling. Method SM usage questionnaires, a perfectionism scale, a foreign language anxiety scale, self-assessment grids (CEFR) developed by the Council of Europe, and an interview checklist were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics (mean and SD) and Pearson correlation coefficient for each question were analyzed using SPSS. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interviews. Results The results revealed that problematic use of social media is associated with several negative consequences, such as low language achievement, high foreign language anxiety level, high academic burnout, and negative aspects of perfectionism. Conclusions and implications These findings have theoretical and practical implications for language learners and teachers. The results can inform language educators about the potential negative effects of problematic SM use on language learning outcomes, mental health, and well-being. It is important to raise awareness of problematic SM use and to promote healthy SM habits among language learners. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of promoting the non-problematic use of SM as a potential resource to enhance language learning outcomes.

Objective: The researches focused on exploring the relationship between personality and its influence on psychological disorders, revealing that diverse personality traits are linked to various types of psychological disturbances, with perfectionism being one of these personality traits. Consequently, the primary objective of this research was to investigate the structural model of adolescent narcissism, using perfectionism as a predictor, and considering the mediating role of alexithymia. Methods: The research approach adopted was descriptive, correlational, and specifically focused on structural equation modeling. The research sample encompassed all high school students within the city of Shiraz, Iran, during the year 2021. A total of 512 students were included in the study, selected through a multi-stage cluster random sampling procedure, and they provided responses to questionnaires measuring narcissism, alexithymia, and perfectionism. Results: The findings of the study revealed significant and positive associations between perfectionism and alexithymia with narcissism. Moreover, perfectionism was found to be positively and significantly associated with alexithymia. In summary, perfectionism can be seen as an indirect and significant predictor of narcissism, mediated through alexithymia. Ultimately, these research outcomes underscore the substantial role of perfectionism in predicting narcissistic tendencies among adolescents, both directly and indirectly through the lens of alexithymia. Conclusions: These insights can serve as a valuable resource for psychologists and counselors working with adolescents.

Good life including Human’s believes to ends that define the conception of good matters in life and make available virtually basis for life. This conception of good life isn’t material, on the contrary is created from mental layers of person and directs his life such a holy believe. Religion, ethics, culture, art and aesthetic experiences are topics that define the conceptions of the good life for the people. The question of this paper is analyzing the perfectionism approach of constitutional law system of Islamic Republic of Iran to good life and with study the perfectionism and neutrality approaches , is proved the perfectionism approach of constitutional law system of Islamic Republic of Iran to good life in statutory and structural levels . The author with respectful view to virtually life for citizen, believes the necessity of adjusted perfectionism in constitutional law system and deduction forcible methods for propagation the good.

Abstract Background Despite the high clinical relevance of the perfectionism construct as a transdiagnostic contributor to different mental health symptoms, and the recent burgeoning of research in this area across cultures in the past two decades, the Arab region was one of the cultural settings experiencing the slowest progress in this line of research. This study aimed to make a meaningful contribution to the literature by validating an Arabic-language version of the 16-item Big Three Perfectionism Scale–Short Form (BTPS-SF). In particular, we sought to examine structure and concurrent validity, internal consistency, and measurement invariance across gender groups. Method A web-based, convenience sampling method was adopted to collect a sample of Arabic-speaking adults from the general population of Lebanon (N = 515; aged 27.55 ± 10.92 years; 69.9% females). The forward-backward method was applied in translating the Arabic version of the BTPS-SF. Results The examination of the internal structure, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), demonstrated that the three-factor model (i.e., rigid, self-critical, and narcissistic perfectionism) fitted well to the data. All three factors of the Arabic 16-item BTPS-SF yielded excellent reliability estimates, with both Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega ranging from 0.83 to 0.86. Multi-group CFA revealed that fit indices showed no significant difference in model fit at the configural, metric, and scalar levels, thus suggesting that the factor loadings, pattern structure, and item intercepts are invariant across gender groups. Finally, BTPS-SF subscales scores correlated positively with psychological distress (i.e., depression, stress and anxiety), and inversely with subjective well-being, indicating an acceptable concurrent validity. Conclusion The present findings allow us to conclude that the Arabic BTPS-SF permits to capture reliably and validly three main factors of perfectionism. We hope that providing this psychometrically sound scale will encourage its large use not only in empirical research, but also in clinical applications, including psychological screening and treatment monitoring.

Abstract Background In the current study, we conducted a comparative analysis involving three distinct groups: one receiving group-based rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), another undergoing a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI), and a third group serving as the control. The aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of the two interventions on specific psychological (competitive anxiety, perfectionism, irrational beliefs), physiological (salivary cortisol levels), and neurocognitive (executive functions: working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility) functions in Hungarian junior ice hockey players. Methods The participants consisted of 10 females and 36 males (NREBT=12, NMINDFULNESS=14, NCONTROL=20). We used questionnaires to assess competitive anxiety, perfectionism, and irrational beliefs. The components of executive functions were measured using a computerized testing system, while cortisol levels were examined through salivary samples. Prior to and after the interventions, each participant underwent all measurements, after which we conducted repeated measures ANOVA on our data. Results We found REBT to be an effective intervention for the regulation of competitive anxiety, perfectionism, and irrational beliefs as well as for improving some components of executive functions (inhibition and cognitive flexibility). Mindfulness was found to improve athletes’ processing speed and set-shifting abilities, which are related to cognitive flexibility and metacognitive processes. Conclusion In conclusion, we explore implications of these findings regarding how each approach is posited to enhance sports performance, using neurocognitive functions as a proxy. These findings are useful for further research and practical implications.

Orthorexia nervosa (ON) refers to a pathological obsession with healthy eating characterized by a restrictive diet, ritualized eating patterns, and strict avoidance of foods believed to be unhealthy or unclean. On the other hand, healthy orthorexia (HO) is defined as an interest in healthy eating and a tendency to eat healthy foods. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between the ON, HO, maternal rejection, perfectionism, self-critical rumination, and body attitude in the women sample. 445 female students from diverse universities in Turkey was attended to our study. Participants completed questionnaires regarding ON and HO, body attitude, maternal rejection, perfectionism, and self-critical rumination. The results showed that negative body attitudes could not predict both HO (B=-.008, SE=.039, p=.791) and ON (B=.008, SE=.032, p=.835). However, perfectionism and self-critical rumination had mediator roles in the relationship between ON and HO with maternal rejection, despite this relationship was positive for ON (B = .014, Boot SE = .007, 95% Boot CI [.003, .029]), but negative for HO (B = -.023, Boot SE = .010, 95% Boot CI [-.042, -.008]). Not a negative body attitude, but maternal rejection, perfectionism, and self-critical rumination played roles in developing orthorexic tendencies.

This study aimed to examine levels of perfectionism and fear of failure of elite athletes in the Turkish national taekwondo team through qualitative research methods. A total of 11 national team athletes (6 females and 5 males) participated in the research. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview technique. In the study, opinions, emotions and thoughts of elite national team athletes about the concept of perfectionism and fear of failure were determined. In the theme of perfectionism, there were 7 categories and 35 codes; in the theme of fear of failure, 6 categories and 36 codes were revealed. It might be concluded that perfectionism and fear of failure have a more complex structure than it seems for elite and high-ranking athletes, and this might affect their motivation in many positive and negative ways. In addition, it was found that when the coach is a family member, two concerns of athletes (the coach is upset due to failure, and the family is upset due to failure) come together. Therefore, those who are both a coach and parent should be more careful with their children/athletes. It should also be kept in mind that while perfectionism is a great source of motivation and self-confidence, it has the potential to make athletes drop out of sports.

Abstract Background Perfectionism today is understood as an individual's psychological conviction that the ideal can and should be achieved, and the imperfect result of work (physical, intellectual, etc.), in their opinion, has no right to exist. The purpose of the study Our goal was to investigate levels and types of perfectionism among anesthesiology interns in comparison with the indicators of practicing anesthesiologists. Materials and methods An anonymous survey of 92 anesthesiology interns and 124 practicing anesthesiologists was conducted according to the Big-Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS). Results The mean general level of perfectionism was average, with the total BTPS score of 124,38 ± 14,47 out of 225 in interns and 105,97 ± 10,31 in practicing anesthesiologists (p

Introduction: Neurotic perfectionism has a variety of psychological consequences that should be considered in psychotherapy applications. Aim: The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on neurotic perfectionism and internalized self-criticism in neurotic perfectionist girls. Method: This study was conducted using a single-case quasi-experimental design with, concurrent multiple baseline. The research population consisted of neurotic perfectionist girls visiting counseling centers in Ahvaz in 2022. The participants were a sample of 5 girls selected using purposive sampling with a minimum cut-off score of 145 in the Neurotic Perfectionism Questionnaire (NPQ). The acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) (Twohig & et al, 2021) was implemented in eleven 90-minute sessions. The participants completed the Neurotic Perfectionism Questionnaire (1994), and the Levels of Self-Criticism Scale (2004). The data were collected in three baseline, intervention, and three-month follow-up phases and analyzed using reliable change index (RCI), recovery percentage, and visual inspection. Results: The analysis of the recovery percentage showed the participants’ neurotic perfectionism 17.67 and internalized self-criticism 19.73 improved in the intervention phase and their neurotic perfectionism 36.25 and internalized self-criticism 49.90 increased in the follow-up phase. Moreover, the reliability change index of both variables in the post-treatment and follow-up phases was significant (P=0.05). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy in reducing neurotic perfectionism and internalized self-criticism by increasing psychological flexibility, this therapy can be used as an intervention method in neurotic perfectionist girls.

Literature suggests that perfectionism is associated to self-compassion. However, the multiple relationships between the types of perfectionism (adaptive, maladaptive and non-perfectionists) and the multidimensional construct of self-compassion have not been thoroughly examined. To this end, the present study aimed (a) to examine the relationships between the types of perfectionism and the self-compassion components in an adult sample and (b) to check the effect of age on the relationship between the perfectionistic types and the self-compassion components. Participants were 509 adults aged 18 to 65 years. Self-report questionnaires were used to collect the data. Results indicated that High Standards positively predicted all self-compassion components while Discrepancy positively predicted Self-judgment and Isolation and overidentification and negatively predicted Self-Kindness and mindfulness and Common humanity. In addition, it was found that adaptive perfectionists and non-perfectionists reported higher levels on the positive components of self-compassion and lower levels on its negative components, compared to maladaptive perfectionists. With respect to age, participants in established (30–45 years) and middle (46–65 years) adulthood reported higher levels on the positive self-compassion components and lower levels on its negative components compared to young adults (18–29 years), while participants in emerging adulthood scored higher on both the dimensions of perfectionism (adaptive and maladaptive) compared to participants in established and middle adulthood. Finally, age moderated only the relationship between adaptive perfectionism and Isolation and overidentification. Future directions and implications are being discussed.

A large body of research has been reported on the lifelong consequences of attachment, with social connectedness being one of the main related factors. It is thus crucial to determine the mediating variables in the relationship between attachment and social connectedness. To better understand the relationship between anxious and avoidant attachment styles and social connectedness among university students, this study investigated the sequential mediating roles of inferiority and perfectionism. The study involved 390 undergraduate students (257 female, 133 male) enrolled in various undergraduate programs. Data was collected through various scales including the Experiences in Close Relationships, Almost Perfect Scale, Social Connectedness, and Inferiority Scale. Structural equation modeling shows that adaptive perfectionism partially mediates the relationship between avoidant attachment and social connectedness. Additionally, inferiority functions as a mediator between anxious attachment and maladaptive perfectionism, while maladaptive perfectionism partially functions as a mediator between inferiority and social connection. The results suggest that it would be beneficial for practitioners to address inferiority and perfectionism so as to promote social connectedness among undergraduate students.

Abstract Background Academic performance is an important issue for Korean students. Various psychological factors contribute to academic performance. We aimed to evaluate the psychological factors that affect academic performance integratively. Methods A total of 102 academic high achievers and 120 comparison participants were recruited. We evaluated psychological factors (test anxiety, perfectionism, personality traits, resilience, and self-efficacy) and measured academic performance using the College Scholastic Ability Test and the current college grade. We compared psychological factors and academic performance between the academic high achiever and comparison groups. Multiple linear regression was then conducted to identify the significant psychological factors for high academic performance. Further, we used cluster analysis to classify the comparison group by the significant psychological factors and compared them among clusters and academic high achievers to determine the psychological characteristics of academic high achievers. Results The academic high achiever group showed lower test anxiety (p = .002), less neuroticism (p = .001), higher self-efficacy (p = .028), and less socially prescribed perfectionism (p

Abstract Background The aim of the current study was to compare bipolar depression (BD) and unipolar depression (UD) patients and healthy controls in terms of their cognitive distortions and perfectionist traits during acute depressive episodes. Results The current dissertation study is a cross-sectional study consisting of 80 patients with unipolar depression, 80 patients with bipolar depression, and 80 healthy controls. Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form, Cognitive Distortion Scale (CDS), Frost’s Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were used as measurement tools. Healthy controls were selected on the basis that they had the same gender and age distribution as the other participants. It was found that patients with unipolar and bipolar depression had statistically equal but higher total CDS interpersonal and personal achievement scores than healthy controls, and all subtypes of the CDS labeling score were higher in the unipolar depression group than in the other groups. It was found that both depression groups had higher FMPS self-oriented and social-oriented perfectionism scores than healthy controls, lower others-oriented perfectionism scores than healthy controls, and there were no statistically significant differences between them in terms of perfectionism subtypes. Conclusions In the light of the research data, it was found that the patients with bipolar/unipolar depression had more cognitive distortion than healthy controls and cognitive distortion was not significantly different in the two groups. According to the research data, it is observed that perfectionism is higher in unipolar depression than in bipolar depression. The data obtained have the potential to provide a theoretical basis for a psychotherapeutic approach.

Suicide is a serious public health problem worldwide, being the culmination of a process that normally begins with suicidal ideation. Therefore, it is important to assess suicidal ideation and know its risk factors. The association between perfectionism and suicidal ideation has been widely debated in the literature. However, knowledge about the role of emotion regulation in this relationship is scarce. The main objective of this investigation was thus to study the role of emotion regulation in the relationship between perfectionism and suicidal ideation in young adults. A sample of 224 Portuguese young adults was recruited through an online form which assessed suicidal ideation, perfectionism, and emotion regulation. The results showed a positive relationship between suicidal ideation and emotion regulation difficulties. There was also a positive association between emotion regulation difficulties and perfectionism, especially regarding the strategies and dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism. The relationship between perfectionism and suicidal ideation was fully mediated by emotion regulation difficulties. Increases in emotion regulation difficulties from increased perfectionism could contribute decisively to increasing the risk of suicidal ideation. Thus, the assessment of perfectionism and emotion regulation difficulties can promote the prevention and psychological interventions for suicidal behavior.

The susceptibility of athletes to experience of emotional and psychological difficulties arising from the pressure and expectations associated with achieving and maintaining high performance can become a vulnerability in the desire to achieve success in sport. This study aims to investigate the protective value in the perception of satisfaction in basic psychological needs against the vulnerability that perfectionism generates in the appearance of reactivity linked to fear of failure. A cross-sectional, relational, and semi-randomized research design was used, applying perfectionism, fear of failure, and basic psychological needs measures adapted to both the competitive sports context and the Spanish language in a sample of 372 young Spanish athletes, under descriptive analyses and predictive models. The results showed that as the age of the participants increased, the indicators of perfectionism and fear of failure decreased, with no gender differences. The results offer and confirm the positive relationships between the dimensions of perfectionism and fear of making mistakes (where processes such as self-devaluation and fear of failing the people that participants deemed as important to them are intertwined). The perception of satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of autonomy, social relationships, and competence emerges as protective factors that mediate the perfectionism–fear of failure relationship. On the other hand, discrepancies are shown between the perfectionist dimensions concerning the relationships with the BPNs, describing certain sources of vulnerability, although there are adjustments of mental effort and discomfort in the young athletes. The conclusions offer the opportunity to investigate the aspects that facilitate the emergence of fear of failure in young athletes, mainly the performance of coaches connected to the emergence of patterns in pursuit of perfection.