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Cranioencephalic trauma is a transient or permanent cerebral dysfunction resulting from a direct or indirect shock applied to the skull and its contents. The aim of this study was to establish the aetiological and favourable factors for the occurrence of cranioencephalic trauma in children under 5 years of age in an urban environment, in order to expose the implication of socio-economic development and parental responsibility. This was a 5-year mixed-methods analytical study from 10/07/2017 to 10/07/2022. It included 50 children, who were hospitalised at the neurosurgery department of Fann Hospital in Dakar for cranioencephalic trauma (CET) with a Blantyre score ≤ 2/5 and a GCS ≤ 8. During the study period, we had collected 50 children with severe CET. The mean age of the patients was 30.25 months with extremes of 01 months and 60 months. At 1 year post-CET, 8 children, i.e., 16% of the children, were seen with neurological after-effects such as motor disorders, with a p value of 0.041 ˂ 0.05. We are living in a period where the technological revolution is taking a big step forward every day. The misuse of NICT and the socio-economic stability of parents seem to influence the occurrence of severe CET in small children. It is becoming more and more frequent with the lack of supervision of children in favour of communication and leisure tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to introduce a novel coupling coordination degree (CCD) model to evaluate the degree of coupling coordination between socio-economic development and CO2 emission of 76 contracting countries in The Paris Agreement. The efficiency of the novel CCD model is demonstrated by scenario analysis in the contracting countries during the period between 2005 and 2015 on the basis of the theory of environmental Kuznets curve. The following results are obtained. Firstly, the subjectivity of the traditional CCD model contaminates the robustness of the evaluation. Secondly, the novel CCD of contracting countries during the survey period ranged between approximately 0.35 and 0.4, which is in the overall development stage of low coordination. Thirdly, the novel CCD of the two systems at the global level is not symmetrical in spatial distribution, and the European continent is generally higher than the African, while other continents sit on an intermediate level. Lastly, the novel CCD between socio-economy and CO2 emission systems presents a positive correlation with regional resident income in groups with varied income levels. The findings of this research provide rich policy references for facilitating global climate cooperation by balancing socio-economic development with CO2 emission mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the concept of institutional capacity and its role in socio-economic development. It discusses the importance of managing institutional capacity for effective development, particularly in terms of income generation. The article also highlights the role of resource potential and the need to understand the processes of institutional evolution. It emphasizes the complexity of analyzing resource potential due to the multi-vector evolution of social relations and institutional changes. The article suggests further research on evaluating and measuring institutional capital and its impact on socio-economic development. [Extracted from the article]

The relevance of the study is stipulated by the need to revise the strategy of combating economic crime in Latvia in the context of sustainable development of the socio-cultural environment. The study is aimed at revealing specific aspects of crime in the Latvian economy, identifying its main causes and mechanisms of functioning. The article uses methods of statistical analysis, analogy and generalization, as well as formal legal and formal logical approaches. The study shows that the development of cultural space is a key aspect of the strategy for sustainable development of the socio-cultural environment in Latvia. It is concluded that the development of cultural space and the fight against economic crime in Latvia require an integrated approach, including the preservation and development of cultural values, sustainable attention to environmental aspects with the use of modern technologies to improve law enforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers methodological and practical issues of assessing the effects of measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the context of development and implementation of a strategy of Russia's socio-economic development. The authors substantiate the relevance of investments in decarbonization measures, as well as the associated benefits (demand for the products of fund-creating industries) and costs (price increases and negative consumer reaction). The target scenario of low greenhouse gas emissions socio-economic development of Russia is based on a predictive and analytical toolkit based on the input/output method and on the database of the National Inventory of Anthropogenic Emissions. The target scenario combines an active economic policy with ambitious actions towards reducing net emissions: within the scenario, the average annual growth rate of Russia's GDP is 2.6% and carbon neutrality is achieved by 2060. A more aggressive scenario of ensuring carbon neutrality by 2050 is characterized by significantly worse indicators of economic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article has an empirical nature. The subject of detailed analysis is the variations in spatial distribution of human capital in rural areas of Poland and the analysis of the correlation of this phenomenon with local structures of the socio-economic development process. The diagnosis and assessment of variations in the spatial distribution of human capital were performed based on an author's indicator—a synthetic measure of human capital level (HCI—human capital index). The characterisation of local socio-economic structures was based on the typology of rural areas according to Rural Development Monitoring (RDM 2014 and 2023). The study was conducted for rural areas in Poland defined by the Main Statistical Office based on the administrative criteria of rural and rural-urban municipalities. A total of 2172 municipalities were covered by the study. The data analysis was conducted spatially at the NUTS 5 level and comparatively at the NUTS 2 level for the years 2013–2018. The assumption was verified that the processes of human capital concentration in rural areas in Poland are related to local socio-economic structures of development processes, and the local structure factor that influences the existing differences is the degree of use of agricultural functions. The results of statistical tests positively verify this relationship as statistically significant. Moreover, the article provides strong arguments for shaping regional and rural policy and its implementation. The assumption about the need to change the approach to the study of rural space was positively verified; it is suggested to move away from analyses conducted at the level of the NUTS 2 region to the level of the NUTS 5 municipality. Research on rural areas makes sense only from a local perspective; it allows for a more accurate illustration of the specificity of local communities, revealing their development potentials and barriers, and, as a result, more effective programming of instruments supporting local development, dedicating specific support programs individually for each municipality, while the regional approach presents the state of differences too generally and may often lead to incorrect interpretation. In the empirical part of the article, taxonomic methods of hierarchy (patternless) and classification of multi-featured objects were used. As a result, each object (municipality) was assigned a synthetic measure—the relative human capital level index (HCI). Based on the HCI index, an ex-post hierarchical classification of municipalities was carried out. The main sources of data (diagnostic variables) for the construction of the HCI index were the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office (BDL GUS), the national census of NSP 2011, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Family and Social Policy, and District Examination Boards. The source of data on local socio-economic structures expressed based on the typology of rural areas according to the Rural Development Monitoring (RDM) methodology was the European Fund for the Development of Polish Villages (EFRWP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The collaborative governance of subsystems within a river basin can play a critical role in addressing challenges, such as water scarcity, soil erosion, flooding, sedimentation, and water pollution, to achieve sustainable utilization of water resources. However, the current literature only focuses on isolated observations of these subsystems, leading to uncertainty and water resource destruction. This paper examines the evolution of the collaborative governance of water resources, water conservancy facilities, and socio-economic systems through self-organization theory in the Xiangjiang River Basin, China. The coupling theory and gray Grey Model (1,1) model were utilized with panel data from 2000 to 2019 to assess and predict the governance synergies of five subsystems: natural water, water conservancy facilities, water resource development and utilization, ecological environment, and socio-economic systems. There are 22 indicators contributing to these subsystems that were selected. The results indicate an S-shaped trend in collaborative governance for water resources, water conservancy facilities, and socio-economic systems. The elements of each subsystem exhibit both synergistic and competitive relationships. The unpredictable precipitation triggers a butterfly effect, changing systemic governance coordination, which closely relates to developing the natural water subsystem. Effective water conservation and regulation of water conservancy facilities are the keys to improving water-use efficiency and safeguarding water ecology. This study provides insights into the collaborative governance among subsystems and the evolution of the water resources, water conservancy facilities, and socio-economic systems in the Xiangjiang River Basin to promote sustainable water resource utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) have gained attention as enablers of innovation and entrepreneurship. This paper explores entrepreneurial ecosystems in developed countries. Entrepreneurship is a globally important phenomenon for economic development and addressing socio-economic challenges such as unemployment, inequality, and poverty. Systematic literature review (SLR), with the aid of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) approach was used in the items selection process. A final sample of 28 primary articles was used. Additionally, bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer software to determine publication patterns and citation trends. More relevant and recent articles were incorporated into the bibliometric analysis to improve the results. Isenberg's six domains of entrepreneurial ecosystems framework, supported by the Dynamic capabilities (DC) theory underpinned the study. Results show that though entrepreneurial ecosystems are prevalent, they face many challenges. However, opportunities are also available but may be difficult to access. Globally, scholars agree that entrepreneurial ecosystems enhance economic development, and they help to solve socio-economic challenges such as unemployment, inequality, and poverty. This paper recommends that entrepreneurial ecosystems should be fostered in all regions to promote economic development and provide solutions to solve socio-economic problems. Local and global leaders should invest in the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems to promote economic development. The original value is based on exploring the dynamic nature of entrepreneurial ecosystems in the global environment using a developed country perspective. The findings provide important insights to policymakers and other stakeholders for developing strategies and interventions for enhancing economic growth through entrepreneurship. Plain Language Summary: How businesses collaborate in developed countries The purpose of the paper is to explore entrepreneurial ecosystems in developed countries. Entrepreneurship is a globally important phenomenon for economic development and addressing socio-economic challenges such as unemployment, inequality, and poverty. Systematic literature review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis (using VOSviewer software) were used as research methods. Isenberg's six domains of entrepreneurial ecosystems framework, supported by the Dynamic capabilities (DC) theory underpinned the study. Results show that though entrepreneurial ecosystems are prevalent, they face many challenges, but opportunities are available. Entrepreneurial ecosystems should be fostered in all regions to promote economic development and provide solutions to solve socio-economic problems. The findings provide important insights to policymakers and other stakeholders for developing strategies and interventions for enhancing economic growth through entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional economic resilience (RER) remains the state-of-the-art concept in economic geography to investigate regional development in times of disturbance. We seek to contribute to a transformative notion of RER, which unfolds in light of global environmental change. In our review of conceptual and empirical RER applications, we reveal three unresolved issues: a focus on firms rather than diverse actors, trivial reflections on social–ecological interdependencies, and the need for more fluid understandings of socio-spatial relations. Based on these insights from neighboring geographical disciplines, we provide concrete propositions for theoretical enhancement to make RER fit for purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Entrepreneurship, coupled with competitiveness and innovation, is currently a major driver of socio-economic development, contributing to the creation of new jobs and enhancing the prosperity of local communities. The aim of this study is to analyze and evaluate the level of entrepreneurship in the European Union (EU) countries in 2020, highlighting the similarities in entrepreneurship levels across the examined countries. Design/methodology/approach: The ease of doing business index was used to assess the level of entrepreneurship and to rank EU countries in terms of their entrepreneurial environment. To supplement this research, Ward's method was employed to identify clusters of geographical units with similar levels of entrepreneurial potential. Findings: Levels of entrepreneurship vary significantly among EU countries. The study identified countries with very low, low, high, and the highest levels of entrepreneurial potential. The substantial gap between top-ranking countries and those at the end of the list points to significant territorial disparities in the level of entrepreneurship within EU countries. Social implications: Investigating the level of entrepreneurship is a vital aspect of assessing the socio-economic development of geographical units and the living standards of local communities. Therefore, understanding the nature of spatial differentiation in entrepreneurship levels across countries is essential. This understanding plays a significant role in shaping the socio-economic development of geographical units and influences the realization of development priorities for individual countries and the EU as a whole. Entrepreneurship is one of the pillars of the European Employment Strategy, aimed at reducing unemployment levels, and consequently, poverty and social exclusion. Originality/value: The findings of this research can aid in entrepreneurship management by state governments, especially in terms of facilitating business start-ups and modifying the financial and tax systems to better cater to entrepreneurs' needs. Moreover, the results of this analysis can serve as a knowledge source for both national and regional economic policy actors, as well as EU policymakers. It provides valuable insights into public support strategies aimed at enhancing entrepreneurship levels in future development programming perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Inequalities & Economic Growth / Nierownosci Spoleczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy is the property of University of Rzeszow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper provides an understanding of the driving forces in enterprise systems (ES) implementation in the public sector. The data in this multi-case study were collected in semi-structured interviews of City Hall employees in Poland, representing diverse levels of experience and authority. Based on these data, we identify six key concepts in ES public sector implementations and propose a conceptual framework to serve as guidance for implementation projects and provide a foundation for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explored the adoption of information communication technologies (ICT) and its integration in Africa as an e-Government system. The article contributes to the continuing debate regarding the constraints that developing-country e-government systems face when it comes to the implementation and adoption of ICT as e-Governance for service delivery and the realization of socio-economic development. The study covers the various stakeholders who may have an impact on the implementation of e-Government at the grassroots level. It also highlights the barriers cited by other scholars of e-Governance that require local government attention. The impediments include challenges with governance, access to resources, leadership, ICT skills and funding. The study primarily relies on secondary data that is available in both the private and public domain to produce qualitative primary data. The research observations are on the essential role that local municipalities play in pursuing e-Government by using inductive thematic data analysis. The research concluded that the planning and implementation of e-governance should focus on finding methods to address a variety of issues which includes amongst other ensuring that the existing e-Governance initiatives gives valuable insight into what works and what does not, and provides meaningful guidance in developing and refining egovernance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ukraine is currently facing an armed onslaught, the likes of which no European country has struggled with since the Second World War, and it will probably take years to repair the country physically and the population mentally. However, to ensure that the future recovery process does not begin with a return to the past, a thorough analysis of the state of affairs before the intensification of the Russian onslaught in 2022, which began in 2014, is needed. The primary purpose of writing the article is to show, with real examples, the ineffectiveness of the pre-war state-forming function in Ukraine. This analysis indicates why most of the reforms were nullified and which steps must be taken to avoid these problems for the country's correct economic, cultural, and political evolution. Using the Cobb-Douglas function, the relationship between intra-system factors of state formation and the standard of living of the country's population is also established. It is proposed to shape the national concept of the modernisation of the public administration system and its new paradigm and to develop its state-forming model, which will be adequate with regard to Ukrainian realities (including the state post-war) and global trends. Thus, the relevance of the research topic stems from the need to provide practical recommendations for the future, post-war modernisation of the state-forming system in the context of the socio-political and economic development of the country, as well as civil society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sustainable development of rural areas is one of the European Union’s objectives. LEADER program contributes to its fulfillment by offering financial support to disadvantaged rural areas. The purpose of this paper is to assess the LEADER program’s economic impact in the Romanian rural communities. Econometric methods of impact assessment were used to analyze the evolution of economic indicators in the beneficiary communities. Propensity Score Matching and Difference in Differences were the methods applied in order to meet the objectives of the paper: analysis of the spatial distribution of projects submitted and funds allocated to LAGs (1), and of the economic evolution of LAG and non-LAG communities, before and after LEADER funding (2). The results indicate a stronger economic growth for the beneficiary rural communities, confirming in all cases the initial hypothesis. LEADER seems to have acted in these directions: the creation of new jobs and increasing the local businesses performance. However, the contribution made was minimal and insignificant. Conclusions of the study highlight that the contribution of the LEADER program to the economic development of rural communities can be at most one of supporting the current level of development, but not of reaching a much higher level. LEADER can be considered, from a quantitative point of view, only an instrument with a positive effect on rural areas, but not an instrument of impact. This is because LEADER did not bring significant changes and didn’t ensure that critical mass that could trigger the economic development of rural communities.

Ülkelerin kalkınmasındaki en temel unsur bölgesel ve kentsel farklılıkların azaltılması ile ülkede yaşayan her kesime aynı yaşam kalitesinin sunulmasıdır. Bu kapsamda kentlerin sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik düzeylerinin ortaya konularak, kentler arasındaki eşitsizliklerin giderilmesine yönelik politikalar uygulanması sürdürülebilir kalkınma açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki kentlerin genel sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik düzeyleri ile adalet, çevre, sağlık, demografi, ekonomi ve finans, kültür, tarım, nüfus ve göç ile turizm alt başlıklarındaki gelişmişlik düzeylerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, ilgili başlıklara ait 60 değişkene ait güncel veriler Temel Bileşenler Analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiş, elde edilen bulgulara göre kentlerin karşılaştırılması yapılmış ve iyileştirilmesi gereken başlıklar özetlenerek kentler arasındaki eşitsizliklerin azaltılmasına yönelik geliştirilecek politikalara yol göstermesi hedeflenmiştir.

This article addresses the challenges associated with establishing a system of key settlements as one of the tools to ensure balanced spatial development of the country. In 2022, the Government of the Russian Federation approved methodological recommendations for classifying settlements as key ones, and corresponding lists were compiled in each region. The purpose of this article is to assess the practical applicability of these methodological recommendations as a mechanism for managing spatial development, using the regions of the European North of Russia as a case study. The study employs research methods such as synthesis, generalization, statistical analysis, spatial analysis, and content analysis. The study is based on works by Russian and international authors on spatial and regional economics, statistical data, and regulatory documents issued by public authorities. The research examines the role of key settlements in the socio-economic development of regions and tests the officially approved methodological recommendations in the European North of Russia. A list of small towns, semi-urban settlements, and villages that meet the specified criteria has been compiled. Based on a content analysis of the regulatory documents regarding the regions of European North of Russia, the towns and settlements were identified that had been classified as key ones. It is observed that authorities often do not fully adhere to the official requirements outlined in the methodological recommendations, mainly due to their general nature and the lack of consideration for regional features. Another issue lies in the absence of a hierarchy of key settlements. The novelty of this research is associated with providing an assessment of the practical applicability of the approved methodological recommendations for selecting key settlements. The results of the study have scientific value and practical applicability within relevant fields of study and can also be used by federal authorities and local governments when developing measures for the formation and development of a network of key settlements on the territory of the European North of Russia.

Recent studies in the field of socioeconomic development of the country’s regions show high intensity and versatility, but they do not sufficiently assess the transformation of territories in conjunction with the functioning of railway transport, as an important element in ensuring sustainable growth. The content of the work is aimed at establishing the impact of rail transport on the socio-economic development of regions. The theoretical provisions of the spatial economy constitute the methodological basis of the study. The research methods are bibliometric analysis, in particular the analysis of the frequency of using keywords (co-occurrence analysis), methods of comparative, correlation and regression analysis. The empirical basis of the study includes publications indexed by the Scopus database, as well as official statistical information on the functioning of railway transport and the level of socioeconomic development of the territories, which Russian Railways operates, for the period 2010–2020. The initial data were processed using VOSviewer 1.6.18, EViews 13, Stata/MP 14.2. The article tests the assumption that there is a correlation between the results of railway transport and gross regional product as a characteristic of the socio-economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation. The approach involves checking the cross-dependence and stationarity of variables, performing a Pedroni and Kao panel cointegration analysis, estimating the parameters of the cointegrating regression, and conducting a Dumitrescu – Hurlin causality panel analysis. The research results empirically substantiate the existence of long-term, bidirectional and unidirectional causal relationships between the parameters of the functioning of the railway transport and GRP

The article provides arguments in favor of the greatest efficiency and significance, both from a scientific and practical point of view, using the strategizing methodology of a foreign member of the RAS, doctor of economics, professor V.L. Kvint. The use of this methodology acquires particular importance and relevance at the present stage of economic development, which can be described as an «extraordinary period». It is shown that the use of this methodology at the regional level in the absence of consensus not only in terms of the key determinants of development, but also in the very definition of «region», determined by the goals and objectives of a particular study, allows aggregating heterogeneous factors of economic and social development, generalizing the ideas of various economic schools, and analyze them through the prism of opportunities and threats for more effective formation of strategic priorities, taking into account the determining factor of time.

In recent years, conservative forces in Iran have lambasted their moderate and pragmatic rivals for their inability to solve the country’s economic issues and improve the living standards of its populace. However, since Ebrahim Raisi won the presidential election in 2021, Iranian conservatives have had their own chance to tackle the country’s internal challenges, being the last of the political forces without direct influence on the economic decision-making system for a long time. Nevertheless, their failed attempts to foster economic growth under sanctions pressure may prove critical to the Islamic Republic. Not only the conservative part of the establishment but the entire political system may risk losing what remains of its credibility with the Iranian people, who could perceive it as incapable of eff ectively managing the economy. Furthermore, the government’s success in resolving the current socio-economic development issues is also pivotal to the political future of E. Raisi. His failure would deprive him of any opportunity to claim the post of the next supreme leader of Iran. Meanwhile, the accumulated structural problems of the Iranian economy and the external sanctions pressure can render achieving economic progress a daunting, if not insurmountable, task. This paper seeks to elucidate why there is signifi cant social tension in Iran, resulting in periodic outbursts of protest, and why the economic situation is deemed a crisis, despite the relative resilience of the Iranian economy to external and internal challenges, as well as the macroeconomic performance dynamics, which are not necessarily inferior to those of Iran’s regional neighbors. To answer this question, the paper analyzes the main economic challenges facing the country’s leadership and the extent to which the goals and priorities of the implemented “resistance economy” doctrine provide an adequate response to them. As a theoretical tool, the author employs the ideas of M. Todaro, A. Sen, S. Smith, J. Foster, and C. Handy, justifying the need for any state to transcend the simple parameters of economic growth in formulating its development strategy and think more comprehensively, focusing primarily on creating a social and economic environment that is comfortable for its citizens. As a result, the author concludes that the model of the Iranian economy that has been formed in an aggressive environment prioritizes the survival of the existing political system, approaching the issue of economic growth as secondary and failing to satisfy some popular needs beyond the basic ones. It is incapable of ensuring comprehensive sustainable socio-economic development, which over time leads to the accumulation of internal tension in Iranian society.

The Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) is a unique economic model that addresses contemporary community problems by democratising the economy through activities that promote sustainability, solidarity, and collective prosperity. Research on the SSE has increased in recent years, showing its potential as an alternative to dominant economic schemes. This article aims to analyse how the SSE can contribute to sustainability in rural sector associations in Ecuador through the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. This method empowers various stakeholders, including the community, associations, and the university, to be actively involved in designing, developing, and implementing solutions to alleviate their problems. The results show that in the context of a developing country, this active participation, interaction, and commitment can identify the various problems that the rural sector and its associations are experiencing. This situation allows for possible joint action solutions, involving people who usually do not have decision-making power or are vulnerable, by diagnosing their socio-economic conditions and establishing a training programme where knowledge production is democratic, thus combining theoretical and practical elements according to the needs detected.

Background: The Visegrad countries are an interesting example of countries that underwent a systemic transition in the 1990s from a command economy to a market economy, which included institutional changes. Research objectives: The article aims to determine the quality of institutions and the international competitiveness of the Visegrad countries. Research design and methods: We conducted the research among the Visegrad countries by analysing changes in the Global Competitiveness Index and based on the currently available data from World Economic Forum reports (2011–2012 and 2019). Results: The results of the analysis of the V4 group regarding the quality of existing institutions show a significant improvement in their position in the global ranking. Conclusions: As a direct result of the research, we could identify areas characterised by high-quality institutions and those that still require change and special consideration by the governments of these countries.

The paper presents theoretical, methodological and practical principles for creating a coherent system of strategic planning, taking into account European experience in organising this process. The characteristics of the Ukraine 2020 Sustainable Development Strategy and the rural development strategy are outlined. The methodology of strategic planning is examined, analysing the system and hierarchical construction of development strategies. A general logical sequence of procedures for developing and implementing development strategies at different levels is formulated. Approaches to strategic planning for rural development are also analysed, emphasising the importance of rural development in European Union Member States and outlining sources of agricultural funding. It is noted that in the current economic conditions European countries are shifting from subsidy strategies to grant strategies for specific agricultural development programmes. The situation of strategic planning in Ukraine is presented in comparison with the Polish system, highlighting its development stages and strategic planning principles. Special attention is given to the Polish experience in multifunctional rural development planning. The aim of the paper is to study the peculiarities of the use of strategic planning for rural development in Ukraine and Poland. The research is based on the analysis of statistical data, scientific literature and strategic documents, using dialectical methods for understanding the impact of economic laws, systematic approaches to studying economic phenomena, as well as monographic, abstract-logical and abstract methods. The research findings propose recommendations for further effective planning in Ukraine based on the Polish experience. Ukraine is in the early stages of strategic planning, and monitoring and evaluation of strategies are still of a recommendatory nature. Comprehensive evaluations have not yet been included in academic publications. In this context, it would be particularly important to incorporate insights and content guidelines from Polish strategic documents in order to better conceptualise and subsequently implement new strategy editions more effectively. The research led to the development of a comprehensive and logical sequence of procedures for preparing and implementing rural development strategies at different territorial levels. The paper emphasises the priority of rural development in EU Member States. The state of strategic planning in Ukraine is compared with Poland, taking into account both stages and principles. The paper highlights the Polish experience in multifunctional rural development planning, covering three planning perspectives: 2004-2005, 2007-2013 and 2014-2020.

The ecosystem health risk assessment of lake basins can provide a crucial foundation and support for the sustainable development of ecosystems in the arid regions of northern China. This study adopts the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework to select evaluation indicators, and utilizes a coupled model of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-Self-Organizing Mapping Neural Network Algorithm (SOM)-Combinatorial Game Theory Algorithm (CGT) to determine the weight values of each indicator, and ultimately calculate the Ecosystem Health Index (EHI) of a typical lake basin from 1990 to 2020. AHP and SOM are employed to determine the subjective and objective weights of the evaluation indicators, respectively. While, the CGT is used to establish a balance between these two weights. This ensures that the final weight values embody both the subjective preferences of the decision-makers and the objective characteristics inherent in the data. The calculations show that the EHI of the basin fluctuated from a healthy state (69.8) in 1990 to a sub-healthy state (47.0) in 2020, although the dominant factors influencing EHI varied across different stages, the decline in the Driver and Impact health indices emerged as the primary reason for the decrease in EHI. Before 2009, driven by socio-economic development, the area of irrigated land and water withdrawals in the basin increased significantly, which led to an increase in ecosystem pressures, resulting in a rapid decrease in EHI. After 2009, the increase in per capita water resources and water-saving irrigation facilities reduced the pressure on the ecological system. the increased ecological water use and afforestation area improved the ecosystem’s status, leading to an increase in the vegetation cover within the basin and a gradual upward trend in EHI.

AbstractExotic fish species are introduced in the pond culture system with a view to improving aquaculture development. Apart from aquaculture development, the introduction of exotic species has an undesirable impact on the natural biodiversity due to prolific breeding tendencies, predation or competition with the indigenous species. However, evidence of socio-economic benefits from a specified exotic species culture to fish farmers needs to be investigated properly. There are many more exotic species which have occupied their place in the composite pond aquaculture system in India and Assam in particular. In this work, an attempt was made to study the culture of Piaractus brachypomus (Local name Rupchanda) in the pond aquaculture system of Assam. Being a native species of South America also known as Rupchanda, it is often confused with Piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri). From this study, it was observed that in the fish market of Assam, this fish (Rupchanda) fetches less price as compared to Carps. It was also found that this species has a good growth rate, acceptance to a wide variety of feed and the ability to be stocked in higher stocking density in ponds as well as the volume of sale is higher vis-à-vis the Indian Major Carps. It reaches marketable size within four to five months making this fish species widely accepted for culture by the farmers of Assam and also there is a good volume of trade occurring for the seeds of P. brachypomus. In this regard, this research work is a novel attempt in analysing the economic benefits and challenges of adopting a controlled culture of P. brachypomus (Rupchanda) in the ponds of Assam.

The use of biometric identification technology has become increasingly prevalent in modern society, with potential benefits for various populations. However, despite the widespread adoption of biometric identification, there is still a significant gap in research on the benefits that older adults may derive from this technology and how it may improve their quality of life. This study draws on a mixed methodology and the flow theory to understand how biometric identification improves the quality of life of older adults. The findings show that older adults obtain socio-economic impacts, social inclusion, improved access to healthcare and access to information that serves their health, psychological, emotional and mental needs through the use of biometric identification. Drawing on artificial neural network, we ranked the derived benefits and used partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to investigate how these benefits translate to the quality of life of older adults. The results showed that the most significant biometric factor that promotes the quality of life of older adults is improved healthcare access, followed by information access and socio-economic development. The PLS-SEM results show that social inclusion is essential but does not improve the quality of life of older adults. The findings of this study offer valuable information for policy-makers, technology developers and practitioners working to improve the lives of older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes a waqf-based hospital in Indonesia to show continuity and change in the development of waqf-based Islamic hospitals, which began in the Prophetic era and has survived until today. The findings show there are several transformations from waqf-based hospitals in medieval and early modern Islam where many of the founders, from the Sultan and the elites of the Islamic dynasty to the donors, come from the civil and private sector, for instance, Ḥājj Roemani, the founder of Hospital Roemani Muhammadiyah, an entrepreneur with the same background as Hakim Muhammad Said of Hamdard Pakistan. Also, there is a shift from what is called "free healthcare service to the needy and poor", which is generally understood as fully free, to the several features of changes ranging from a very nominal charge, reduction of the cost, and health insurance with low premiums subsidized by the state for the needy and poor. The shifting influence of the hospital management model towards a commercial, even though the hospital itself is waqf based, whose essential character is non-profit. We argue this is due to the human population growth and the challenges of the emergence of various diseases until the pandemic, increasing the need for health funds. Hence, the hybrid scheme of Islamic philanthropy funds is needed and can make this hospital an institution that not only plays a role in the socio-economic development in the health sector but extends to other socioeconomic sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The District Development Model (DDM), introduced in South Africa in September 2019, aims to enhance coordinated planning and implementation of government programmes such as integrated development plans and services such as water and sanitation at the district level. By fostering collaboration between different levels of government, departments, and stakeholders, it intends to address service delivery, economic development, and governance issues. The DDM's "One District, One Approach, One Plan, One Budget" theme establishes an integrated district-based strategy to expedite service delivery, prevent budget duplication, and support municipalities. To comprehend the model, this study employs a qualitative research approach by reviewing existing literature, applying thematic discourse analysis, and embrace the New Public Management framework. Amid challenges like governance problems and isolated decision-making commonly referred to as working in silos, innovative models like DDM are imperative. Although essential, the DDM lacks a legislative framework for governance. This study proposes reforming South Africa's legislative landscape to ensure the enforceability and implementation of the initiative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of state governance for corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). A systemic literature review method is employed to collect 88 relevant publications, and a qualitative coding method is used to identify 98 governance instruments from those publications. These are grouped into 13 themes and then examined within three conceptual models. The findings reveal that most of the instruments are geared towards ethical expectations, internal and external social responsibility, raising awareness, and socio‐economic development. The findings are then explored within four theories. The results suggest that CSR governance in the GCC is at a moderate to high level of bureaucratization; reflects Islamic identity, national development targets, and business accountability; is between the stages of habitualization and objectification; and relies mostly on normative pressures. Recommendations for policymakers and company managers are then presented based on these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current period of development of the world and Russian economy is characterized by the breakdown of the evolutionary trends observed earlier. This is due to the transition to a new model of organization of society and the economy, which is accompanied by crisis phenomena. Simultaneously with the change in the model of the structure of the socio-economic system, there is a change in the world economic and technological structures, which makes the observed crisis deeper. The article considers the factors and characteristics of the ongoing global transformation, reveals the specifics of its manifestation in relation to Russia. The author proposes the main vectors for applying the efforts of the state, business and society, aimed at ensuring a smoother transformation, mitigating its negative consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the study of the role of religious values in the concept of sustainable development. Firstly, the author conducts a broad analysis of the problem of sustainable development, describes the essence of this phenomenon and interprets the content of the concept. The article also explores the role of religion in society, which is one of the main components influencing sustainable development. At the same time, religious values that have the greatest influence on the formation of society and the historical fate of peoples have been also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to substantiating theoretical and methodological foundations and developing practical approaches to effective socio-economic development of Ukraine after the war, based on the concept of sustainable development. The study substantiates the need to build a fundamentally new economic model of post-war development of the territories of Ukraine, based on the rejection of raw material exports. It is proved that sustainable development forms the conceptual basis in the post-war economy of Ukraine. The concept of conversion of territories is proposed and the reasons are given for the need for their distribution according to the added value and quality of life of the population. The practical value of the matrix method in the division of territories according to their functional purpose is substantiated. Sets of estimated indicators of economic and social results and effectiveness of Ukraine's recovery after the war for territories to be restored and territories of sustainable development have been developed. The procedure for assessing the effectiveness of socio-economic development of Ukraine after the war is structured. The expediency of interpreting an integral indicator based on the generalized Harrington desirability function is justified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital technologies are increasingly being incorporated in the management and governance of urban forests to provide the information needed for sustainable and more livable cities. However, there is scarce information on the documented lessons from applying these digital technologies for urban forestry management in many developing countries. This study addressed this challenge using a literature review in the case of Nairobi, Kenya, and Kampala, Uganda. The results substantiate that urban forests are important city assets enhancing ecological stability and sustainable development. As such, the digital technologies of urban forest management practices are rapidly expanding in the two cities to enhance urban forestry and create new opportunities for sustainable development. Both cities have differentiated integration of digital technologies in the vegetative, community support, and resource management components of urban forest governance and management, with important information and lessons being generated for city authorities and policymakers. In general, the technology implementation level in Kampala city is higher than in Nairobi City. This differentiation could be attributed to differences in the socio-political contexts of the two cities, which present different enablers and barriers to technology application in urban forestry. Nevertheless, more location-specific practices and experiences with a focus on how to diversify opinions and actors in digital technologies should be pursued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Visegrad countries are an interesting example of countries that underwent a systemic transition in the 1990s from a command economy to a market economy, which included institutional changes. Research objectives: The article aims to determine the quality of institutions and the international competitiveness of the Visegrad countries. Research design and methods: We conducted the research among the Visegrad countries by analysing changes in the Global Competitiveness Index and based on the currently available data from World Economic Forum reports (2011-2012 and 2019). Results: The results of the analysis of the V4 group regarding the quality of existing institutions show a significant improvement in their position in the global ranking. Conclusions: As a direct result of the research, we could identify areas characterised by high-quality institutions and those that still require change and special consideration by the governments of these countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contextualised paper deals with environmental protection to enhance socio-economic development in SIDS with particular reference to the small Republic of Mauritius. With the relevant legal and regulatory framework it investigates environmental protection in SIDS with particular attention drawn to the small Republic of Mauritius and its huge Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the Indian Ocean, and its blue economy would generate trillion of dollars provided the EEZ is not over-exploited otherwise mankind would pay it in a very costly way. The Republic of Mauritius is also a very interesting case study because the Mauritius and its legal system inherited both French Civil Law (1715-1810) and English Common Law (1810-1968) during its two successive colonisation with a written Constitution 1968 which has no provision on the right to protection of the environment and the Mauritian legislator has neither reacted promptly to implement same in the Constitution 1968 compared to other Small Island Developing States (Maldives, Seychelles) albeit there is a plethora of legislations and regulations to protect the environment in a country where there is room for improvement in various key sectors for its socio-economic development and to protect the island against nature's wrath, droughts, food and water insecurity. However, with the exploitation of petrol and oil for exploitation, activists and human rights fighters found that there might be an impact both in its green and blue economy provoking nature's wrath with tsun amis, volcanoes or cyclones which are becoming more frequent in the Indian Ocean. It is time to react fast and promptly and this paper might enlighten a little more of human's irresponsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Economic Research & Business Administration is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper presents conceptualization and construction of a composite Balanced Development Index (BDI). Ranking of European OECD member states by BDI are then compared to rankings by Human Development Index (HDI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Significant influences of all these indices on trust in government are subsequently proved and described. Trust in government is influenced by BDI much stronger than by HDI. Poland shows very low trust in government relative to other analyzed states and relative to the level of development. The necessity to use composite indices of socio-economic development instead of purely economic measures like the national income or the gross domestic product, or in addition to them at least, is proved. The analysis shows particular usefullness of a Balanced Development Index in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Inequalities & Economic Growth / Nierownosci Spoleczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy is the property of University of Rzeszow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article comprehensively studies the essence of innovation policy and its impact on the competitiveness of countries. The types of innovation policy of countries are grouped by many criteria, in particular, by the strategy of innovation development, object of orientation, degree of regulation and direction. The study notes that in order to form an effective innovation policy, it is necessary to combine different types, based on the level of development of the country, resource potential and goals of the country. The instruments for implementing the innovation policy have been allocated and generalised, and a tendency to increase the use of indirect financial instruments has been identified. It is proposed to use a number of indices and databases to evaluate the results of innovation policy, namely the Global Innovation Index, the Global Competitiveness Index, the European Innovation Scoreboard, and the Frontier Technology Readiness Index. The article analyses the innovation policies of such countries as the USA, China and Germany, identifies their key characteristics and impact on competitiveness. Innovations shape the competitive advantages of countries, ensuring their leadership on the world stage. The semiconductor industry is studied as a key one in the field of innovative competition between the USA and China. The indicators of development of the innovation ecosystem of the selected countries according to the Global Competitiveness Index are analysed. The problems of forming and implementing innovation policy in Ukraine are highlighted: insufficient state funding, formal legislation, bureaucratic procedures, unfavourable investment climate, brain drain and lack of knowledge in the field of innovation management. The article highlights Ukraine's place in global indices and provides recommendations for improving innovation development and innovation policy. The role of innovation in the socio-economic development of countries is emphasised. The main social problems that should be taken into account when formulating innovation policy are raised, in particular, the problem of inclusion, gender inequality in the innovation sphere, and solving global problems. It is emphasised that innovative solutions should be designed to help achieve the goals of sustainable development, in particular decarbonisation and zero emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study is due to the urgent need to address the critical state of children’s rights in the context of military aggression against Ukraine, which requires immediate measures to strengthen their protection. The main purpose of this study is to examine the concept of child security as an integral part of national security. Methodologically, the study is based on a critical analysis of scientific sources and the international and Ukrainian legal framework for the protection of children’s rights in general and in armed conflict in particular. The study also analysed relevant statistics. The results of the study highlight the state of child rights protection in Ukraine in the context of Russia’s full-scale invasion. The state of national legislation in the field of child protection and its compliance with international standards are examined, and ways to improve the Ukrainian legal framework are proposed. The urgency of expanding international cooperation to restore the psychological and moral well-being of children is substantiated. The author emphasizes the need to increase funding for organizations involved in supporting and protecting children’s rights, recognizing that children represent the future of the state. The author emphasizes the role of juvenile justice bodies in the implementation of the state’s domestic policy, which is an integral part of national security, is guided by international and national legal norms and is aimed at guaranteeing and protecting the rights and freedoms of children. Long-term perspective goals for state bodies are formulated. By addressing a previously unexplored area, the study improves understanding of the important link between child security and national security. In practice, the findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in protecting the rights and well-being of children, who are among the most vulnerable citizens in times of armed conflict [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The symmetrical approach combining theoretical and practical achievements properly fulfils the primary goal of education. In this context, a socioeconomic study was conducted in the Uttar Pradesh village of Jamwasi, Barabanki. Throughout the study, the surveyors took notes on a variety of subjects related to the villagers' vocations, home types, family structures, usage of electronics in the home, access to healthcare, education, and sanitation systems, as well as their financial outlook and family structure. This research article presents a comprehensive survey conducted in Jamwasi village to assess its socio-economic condition. The survey covered various aspects, including demographics, caste composition, land utilization, irrigation, water supply, sources of livelihood, infrastructure, healthcare, education, and more. The findings revealed several social issues and concerns that require attention and highlighted potential solutions for promoting the village's development. The findings reveal both strengths and challenges faced by the village community. Based on the analysis, feasible solutions are proposed to address the identified social concerns and foster sustainable socio-economic development in the village. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the issue of measuring the impact of cultural heritage on socio-economic development. The aim of the research, which this article was based on, was to develop proposals for statistical indicators to measure the impact of heritage on socio-economic development in Poland. In the course of the research, an attempt was made to answer the following research question: What statistical indicators can be used to measure the impact of heritage on the socio-economic development of Poland in the context of monument protection policy, society, economic situation and environmental aspects? The research was carried out using the analysis of existing data. The completed research allowed there author to establish the proposed set of statistic indicators that could be used to measure the impact of cultural heritage on socio-economic development in Poland in four areas: monument protection policy, society, economic situation and environment aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article develops a methodological approach to the assessment of socio-economic development of the Chuvash Republic, which allows to consider the factors with heterogeneous metrics. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the combination of methods used and the sequence of stages implemented: (1) index analysis of thirty-two indicators divided into seven macro-regional blocks (income, labor, business, ecology, social, prospects, finance); (2) development of formulas for each of them and calculation of integral indicators characterizing their dynamics; (3) development of a formula to determine the rate of socio-economic development; (4) one hundred graphs for forecasting socio-economic development were constructed; (5) thirty-one legal and regulatory acts were analyzed and the dependence by year between the indicator of the rate of socio-economic development developed by the authors and the number of legal and regulatory acts implemented in the country and the region was revealed; (6) a refined classification of the rate of socio-economic development was proposed. Having determined the current situation (2020 is a state close to sustainable—the rate of 99.5%, respectively), and based on the calculated forecast values of the rate of socio-economic development of the Chuvash Republic, it is possible to influence this process depending on the objectives for the medium term, taking the necessary regulatory legal acts, aimed at financing specific macroeconomic blocks. This methodical approach is a universal calculation tool and has great potential for further research. It can be used to assess not only the impact of certain indicators on socio-economic development, it is also applicable to other sectors and spheres of activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]