414 results on '"380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr"'
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202. Automatisierte Kundenkommunikation: Bot or Not? Eine Untersuchung der Akzeptanz von textbasierten Dialogsystemen in der Kundenkommunikation von Unternehmen
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Nagahi, Sweety
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380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr - Abstract
Die Nutzung von Messenger-Diensten hat die Nutzung von sozialen Medien übertroffen. Diese Mediennutzung bringt veränderte Erwartungen an Unternehmen mit sich. Unternehmen begegnen den Erwartungen ihrer Kund*innen in der Online-Kundenkommunikation mit dem Einsatz textbasierter Dialogsysteme. Im Facebook-Messenger wurden 2018 bereits über 300.000 Chatbots angeboten. Das Problem ist, dass Studien seit mehreren Jahren aufzeigen, dass diese Kommunikationstechnologie sich bei den Kund*innen noch nicht durchgesetzt hat und häufig noch skeptisch betrachtet wird. Für Unternehmen ist es daher notwendig zu verstehen, welche Kriterien erfüllt sein müssen, um die Akzeptanzbildung der Kund*innen gegenüber textbasierten Dialogsystemen positiv zu beeinflussen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es zu betrachten, inwiefern die Eigenschaften textbasierter Dialogsysteme die Akzeptanzkriterien der Kund*innen erfüllen können. Dazu wird die folgende Forschungsfrage gestellt: Wie akzeptieren Kunden den Einsatz textbasierter Dialogsysteme in der Online-Kundenkommunikation von Unternehmen? Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wird eine Literaturanalyse durchgeführt. Die Literatur wird mit Studienergebnissen verglichen, um Übereinstimmungen und Abweichungen herauszuarbeiten. Eine Akzeptanzanalyse hat ergeben, dass Kund*innen textbasierte Dialogsysteme vor allem akzeptieren, wenn sie darin einen Nutzen erkennen. Jedoch beeinflussen neben nutzenorientierten Faktoren auch emotionale Faktoren die Akzeptanz. Auf dieser Grundlage ist es empfehlenswert, positive und negative Einflussfaktoren des Akzeptanzprozesses zu identifizieren und die Gestaltung textbasierter Dialogsysteme an die Kund*innen anzupassen, bevor diese eingesetzt werden.
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- 2020
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203. Spatial aspects of choice and competition
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Aue, Jan Robert
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330 Wirtschaft ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,310 Statistik - Abstract
This dissertation explores two main topics: first, it asks how retail frms interact with each other at close quarters; and second, it explores how students beneit from having more choice in the decisions to choose a secondary school. Both topics have a spatial dimension: retail firms compete with other retail firms who are nearby and, as we establish, students consider commuting times as an important selection criterion so they choose schools which are closer more frequently. These aspects motivate the reference to the spatial dimension of choice and competition in the title of this dissertation.
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- 2020
204. Promoting sustainable development through trade? EU trade agreements and global value chains
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Arlo Poletti, Aydin Yildirim, and Daniela Sicurelli
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Sustainable development ,380 Commerce, communications & transportation ,Trade ,sustainable development ,European union ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Developing country ,International economics ,050601 international relations ,Trade agreement ,Variable cost ,0506 political science ,Negotiation ,Environmental governance ,Political Science and International Relations ,Value (economics) ,050602 political science & public administration ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Business ,media_common - Abstract
Sustainable development provisions have become an integral part of the European Union's (EU's) ‘new generation’ trade agreements. Yet, a growing number of empirical works show that their design varies significantly, even in the trade agreements signed with countries at similar (low) levels of development. We contend that this variation can be accounted for by discussing how the growing integration of the EU economy with specific developing countries across global value chains (GVCs) affects the domestic politics of regulatory export in the EU. European firms that operate within GVCs rely on imports of inputs produced in low-labor cost countries. These firms tend to oppose the export of those regulatory burdens that generate an increase in their imports' variable costs. The political mobilization of these actors weakens domestic coalitions supporting regulatory export strategies, which explains why the EU adopts a more lenient approach over the inclusion of sustainable development provisions in Preferential Trade Agreement negotiations with some developing countries.
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- 2020
205. Noisy Internet! Web Journalism as an Epitome of the Internet’s Acousticness
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Ottmann, Solveig, Dotzler, Bernhard, Burkhardt, Marcus, Burkhardt, Markus, Shnayien, Mary, and Grashöfer, Katja
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Akustik ,E-Newspapers ,Internet ,Digital Culture ,Journalismus ,Journalism ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,digitale Kultur ,Rauschen ,ddc:380 - Abstract
Spreading news has been one of the main functions of the internet from its very beginnings. As early as the beginning of the 1980s newspaper publishers started to offer news not just on paper, but online. This serves us as the starting point to scrutinize web journalism. Referring to certain moments in the history of e-newspapers and their utilization of more and more web and social media services, we want to investigate how the change in journalism epitomizes certain characteristics of the internet—or, to be more precise, how certain misconceptions of what e-papers are and of what the internet is overlap. Aiming for a better understanding of today’s digital culture we try to develop an idea of what we call the “acousticness,” or “noisiness,” of the internet, as opposed to the internet’s common conceptualization in visual terms.
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- 2020
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206. Nächtliche Verkehrslärmbelästigung in Deutschland: Individuelle und regionale Unterschiede in der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie
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Sabina Waniek, Lina Jaeschke, Thomas Keil, Claudia Meinke-Franze, Matthias B. Schulze, Michael F. Leitzmann, Ute Kraus, Sabine Schipf, Kathrin Günther, Wolfgang Lieb, Kathrin Wolf, Tamara Schikowski, Börge Schmidt, Inke Thiele, Nadia Obi, Alexandra Schneider, Hermann Brenner, Stefanie Castell, Johannes Zschocke, Annette Peters, Bernd Holleczek, Claus-Werner Franzke, Sylvia Gastell, Wolfgang Rathmann, Ulrich Otto Mueller, Wolfgang Ahrens, Lilian Krist, Fabian Bamberg, Beate Fischer, Klaus Berger, Gabriele Bolte, Claudia Wigmann, Karin B. Michels, Antje Damms-Machado, Nicole Legath, Oliver Kuß, Rafael T. Mikolajczyk, Kerstin Wirkner, Karin Halina Greiser, Markus Loeffler, Yvonne Kemmling, Heiko Becher, Tobias Pischon, Tobia Lakes, Rudolf Kaaks, Susanne Moebus, Mihovil Dzolan, and Sigrid Thierry
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Injury control ,Accident prevention ,Lärmbelastung ,Noise exposure ,Individuelle Faktoren ,Urban environment ,Lärmbelästigung ,GNC study ,NAKO Gesundheitsstudie ,Städtische Umgebung ,Noise annoyance ,Personal factors ,Poison control ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,National cohort ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Political science ,medicine ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,030212 general & internal medicine ,ddc:610 ,Gnc Study ,Noise Annoyance ,Noise Exposure ,Personal Factors ,Urban Environment ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Gynecology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,ddc ,ddc:380 ,610 Medizin und Gesundheit ,human activities ,Regional differences - Abstract
Hintergrund Lärmbelästigung geht mit gesundheitlicher Beeinträchtigung und reduziertem Wohlbefinden einher. Die subjektive Lärmbelästigung steht im Zusammenhang mit der objektiven Lärmbelastung sowie individuellen und regionalen Faktoren. Fragestellung Wie viele Teilnehmende der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie fühlen sich durch nächtlichen Verkehrslärm belästigt und welche Faktoren stehen damit im Zusammenhang? Material und Methoden Diese Querschnittsanalyse basiert auf Daten von 86.080 NAKO-Teilnehmenden aus 18 Studienzentren, die von 2014 bis 2017 untersucht wurden. Um die Beziehungen zwischen individuellen und regionalen Faktoren und Verkehrslärmbelästigung in den Kategorien nicht belästigt, leicht/mittel und stark/sehr stark belästigt zu untersuchen, wurden multinomiale logistische Regressionsmodelle mit wechselseitiger Adjustierung der Faktoren verwendet. Ergebnisse Zwei Drittel der Teilnehmenden fühlten sich nicht durch Verkehrslärm belästigt; jeder Zehnte berichtete von starker/sehr starker Belästigung, mit den höchsten Anteilen in Berlin-Mitte und Leipzig. Die stärksten Assoziationen mit Lärmbelästigung wurden für Faktoren der individuellen Wohnsituation beobachtet, wie z. B. die Position des Schlafraums zur Hauptstraße (OR für leicht/mittel belästigt: 4,26 [95 % KI: 4,01; 4,52]; OR für stark/sehr stark belästigt: 13,36 [95 % KI: 12,47; 14,32] im Vergleich zu Garten/Innenhof). Teilnehmende im Alter von 40–60 Jahren oder der mittleren und niedrigen Einkommensklasse fühlten sich eher durch Verkehrslärm belästigt als jüngere bzw. ältere Teilnehmende oder solche mit hoher Einkommensklasse. Diskussion Teilnehmende der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie wiesen Unterschiede in der Belästigung durch nächtlichen Verkehrslärm in Bezug auf individuelle und regionale Faktoren auf., Background Noise annoyance is associated with adverse health-related conditions and reduced wellbeing. Thereby, subjective noise annoyance depends on the objective noise exposure and is modified by personal and regional factors. Objective How many participants of the German National Cohort Study (GNC; NAKO Gesundheitsstudie) were annoyed by transportation noise during nighttime and what factors were associated with noise annoyance? Materials and methods This cross-sectional analysis included 86,080 participants from 18 study centers, examined from 2014 to 2017. We used multinomial logistic regression to investigate associations of personal and regional factors to noise annoyance (slightly/moderately or strongly/extremely annoyed vs. not annoyed) mutually adjusting for all factors in the model. Results Two thirds of participants were not annoyed by transportation noise during nighttime and one in ten reported strong/extreme annoyance with highest percentages for the study centers Berlin-Mitte and Leipzig. The strongest associations were seen for factors related to the individual housing situation like the bedroom being positioned towards a major road (OR of being slightly/moderately annoyed: 4.26 [95% CI: 4.01;4.52]; OR of being strongly/extremely annoyed: 13.36 [95% CI: 12.47;14.32]) compared to a garden/inner courtyard. Participants aged 40–60 years and those in low- and medium-income groups reported greater noise annoyance compared to younger or older ones and those in the high-income group. Conclusion In this study from Germany, transportation noise annoyance during nighttime varied by personal and regional factors.
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- 2020
207. Simultaneous internalization of traffic congestion and noise exposure costs
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Kai Nagel and Ihab Kaddoura
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Mathematical optimization ,Transportation ,010501 environmental sciences ,Development ,01 natural sciences ,activity-based transport modeling ,Reduction (complexity) ,Noise exposure ,External effect ,0502 economics and business ,Economics ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,traffic congestion ,GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries) ,Simulation ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,050210 logistics & transportation ,Traffic congestion reconstruction with Kerner's three-phase theory ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,05 social sciences ,dynamic tolling ,internalization ,ddc:380 ,Noise ,Single objective ,Traffic congestion ,road traffic noise ,optimal pricing ,Externality - Abstract
manuscipt submitted under different title: “Simultaneous optimization of traffic congestion and noise exposures“, This study elaborates on the interrelation of external effects, in particular road traffic congestion and noise. An agent-based simulation framework is used to compute and internalize user-specific external congestion effects and noise exposures. The resulting user equilibrium corresponds to an approximation of the system optimum. For traffic congestion and noise, single objective optimization is compared with multiple objective optimization. The simulation-based optimization approach is applied to the real-world case study of the Greater Berlin area. The results reveal a negative correlation between congestion and noise. Nevertheless, the multiple objective optimization yields a simultaneous reduction in congestion and noise. During peak times, congestion is the more relevant external effect, whereas, during the evening, night and morning, noise is the more relevant externality. Thus, a key element for policy making is to follow a dynamic approach, i.e. to temporally change the incentives. During off-peak times, noise should be reduced by concentrating traffic flows along main roads, i.e. inner-city motorways. In contrast, during peak times, congestion is reduced by shifting transport users from the inner-city motorway to smaller roads which, however, may have an effect on other externalities.
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- 2017
208. Impact assessment of autonomous DRT systems
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Bischoff, Joschka, Führer, Karoline, and Maciejewski, Michał
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ddc:380 ,public transport ,006 Spezielle Computerverfahren ,shared autonomous vehicles ,MATSim ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,demand responsive transport ,ddc:006 ,Mobility as a Service - Abstract
The market entrance of shared autonomous vehicles (SAV) may have disruptive effects on current transport systems and may lead to their total transformation. For many small and medium-sized cities, a full replacement of public transport services by these systems seems to be possible. For a transport system operator, such a system requires a bigger fleet of vehicles than before, however, vehicles are less expensive and fewer staff is needed for the actual operation. In this paper, we are using a simulation-based approach to evaluate the service quality and operating cost of a demand responsive transit (DRT) system for the city of Cottbus (100 000 inhabitants), Germany. The simulation model used is based on an existing MATSim model of the region that depicts a typical work day. Results suggest, that the current public transport system may be replaced by a system of 300 to 400 DRT vehicles, depending on their operational mode. Compared to previous, schedule based public transport, passengers do not need to transfer, and their overall travel times may be reduced significantly. Results for the cost comparison are preliminary, but results suggest that an autonomous DRT system is not necessarily more expensive than the current public transport system.
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- 2019
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209. Adjustable automation and manoeuvre control in automated driving
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Erin Kiyonaga, Felix Siebert, Rainer Höger, and Fabian Radtke
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user expereince ,Road traffic control ,Computer science ,Interface (computing) ,automated driving task ,Control (management) ,Transportation ,600 Technik, Technologie ,Task (project management) ,manoeuvre control ,User experience design ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,road traffic control ,Implementation ,Simulation ,General Environmental Science ,Haptic technology ,automation ,driver safety ,Business psychology ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,control engineering computing ,haptic interfaces ,Automation ,ddc:380 ,driver information systems ,manual driving ,driver experience ,business ,road safety ,ddc:600 ,Law - Abstract
Current implementations of automated driving rely on the driver to monitor the vehicle and be ready to assume control in situations that the automation cannot successfully manage. However, research has shown that drivers are not able to monitor an automated vehicle for longer periods of time, as the monotonous monitoring task leads to attention reallocation or fatigue. Driver involvement in the automated driving task promises to counter this effect. The authors researched how the implementation of a haptic human-vehicle interface, which allows the driver to adjust driving parameters and initiate manoeuvres, influences the subjective experience of drivers in automated vehicles. In a simulator study, they varied the level of control that drivers have over the vehicle, between manual driving, automated driving without the possibility to adjust the automation, as well as automated driving with the possibility to initiate manoeuvres and adjust driving parameters of the vehicle. Results show that drivers have a higher level of perceived control and perceived level of responsibility when they have the ability to interact with the automated vehicle through the haptic interface. The authors conclude that the possibility to interact with automated vehicles can be beneficial for driver experience and safety.
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- 2019
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210. Bicycle superhighway: An environmentally sustainable policy for urban transport
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Agarwal, Amit, Ziemke, Dominik, and Nagel, Kai
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ddc:380 ,bicycle superhighway ,sustainable transport ,emissions ,MATSim ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,mixed traffic ,accessibility - Abstract
Bicycle is a sustainable low-carbon transport mode. However, insufficient or unplanned infrastructure leads to decrease in the share of bicycle in many cities of developing nations. In order to increase the bicycle share and to provide safer, faster and more direct routes, a bicycle superhighway is proposed for urban areas. This study identifies the potential of increase in the bicycle share. For maximum utilization of the new infrastructure, an algorithm is presented to identify the optimum number and locations of the connectors between proposed new infrastructure and existing network. Household income levels are incorporated into the decision making process of individual travellers for a better understanding of the modal shift. A real-world case study of Patna, India is chosen to show the application of the proposed superhighway. It is shown that for Patna, the bicycle share can escalate as high as 48% up from 32% by providing this kind of infrastructure. However, together with bicycles, allowing motorbikes on the superhighway limits the bicycle share to 44%. The increase in bicycle share is mainly a result of people switching from motorbike, public transport and walk to the bicycle. Further, to evaluate the benefits of the bicycle superhighway, this study first extends an emission modelling tool to estimate the time-dependent, vehicle-specific emissions under mixed traffic conditions. Allowing only bicyclists on the superhighway improves congested urban areas, reduces emissions, and increases accessibility. However, allowing motorbikes on the superhighway increases emissions significantly in the central part of the urban area and reduces accessibilities by bicycle mode to education facilities which are undesirable. This study elicits that a physically segregated high-quality bicycle superhighway will not only attract current non-cyclist travellers and increase the share of the bicycle mode, but will also reduce negative transport externalities significantly.
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- 2019
211. Calibration of choice model parameters in a transport scenario with heterogeneous traffic conditions and income dependency
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Agarwal, Amit, Ziemke, Dominik, and Nagel, Kai
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daily plans ,ddc:380 ,MATSim ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,agent-based modeling ,mixed traffic ,location choice ,income dependency ,calibration - Abstract
By raising the issue of data requirements for the purpose of modal development, validation and application, this study proposes an approach to calibrate choice model parameters in heterogeneous traffic condition using minimal empirical data. For this, a real-world scenario of Patna, India is chosen. For the calibration, a Bayesian framework-based calibration technique (CaDyTS: Calibration of Dynamic Traffic Simulations) is used. Commonly available, mode-specific, hourly-classified traffic counts are used to generate full day plans of agents and their initially unknown activity locations. While the proposed approach implements location choice implicitly, the approach can be applied to a variety of other problems. Further, the effect of household income is included in the utility function to incorporate the effect of income in the decision-making process of individual travelers and to filter out inconsistencies in the daily plans, which originate from the survey data.
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- 2019
212. Model-based decision support on the last mile of distribution-logistics
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Brabänder, Christian
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ddc:330 ,330 Wirtschaft ,Letzte Meile, Vehicle Routing, Districting, Navigationsdaten, Kostenrechnung, Lineare Programmierung, Variable Neighborhood Search, Subcontracting ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,ddc:380 - Abstract
Diese Dissertation richtet sich an Logistiker und Hersteller, die viele recht kleine Sendungen an viele verteilte Empfänger zustellen müssen. Distribution von Gütern auf der sogenannten Letzten Meile ist ein Gestaltungsfeld der betrieblichen Logistik mit hoher aktueller und zunehmender Relevanz. Diese Dissertation beleuchtet dieses Gestaltungsfeld und untersucht schwerpunktartig drei Entscheidungssituationen im Transport auf der Letzten Meile. Diese Schwerpunkte sind: 1. Eine Integration der operativen Entscheidungen des Vehicle Routings und der Fremdvergabe einzelner Sendungen 2. Das taktische Distribution Districting Problem 3. Einen Ansatz infrastrukturelle Unterschiede zwischen Gebieten zu messen und in Kostenunterschiede zu überführen, This Thesis addresses practitioners from logistics and manufacturing, who distribute many smaller shipments to many distributed recipients. Distribution of consumer goods on the so called last mile is an important field of research having advancing relevance. The thesis at hand sheds light into three focuses of decision-making ont the last mile. These focuses are: 1. Vehicle routing with private fleet, multiple common carriers offering volume discounts, and rental options 2. Distribution Districting – the case of in-night express services 3. Bringing infrastructure into pricing in road freight transportation – A measuring concept based on navigation service data
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- 2019
213. Optimization and simulation of fixed-time traffic signal control in real-world applications
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Martin Strehler, Theresa Thunig, Kai Nagel, and Robert Scheffler
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cyclically time-expanded networks ,Computer science ,fixed-time traffic signal optimization ,Control (management) ,Process (computing) ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Control engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Signal ,ddc:380 ,Traffic signal ,agent-based transport simulation ,Coupling (computer programming) ,Fixed time ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,ddc:004 ,004 Datenverarbeitung ,Informatik ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
This paper contributes to the question how to optimize fixed-time traffic signal coordinations for real-world applications. Therefore, two models are combined: An analytically model that optimizes fixed-time plans based on a cyclically time-expanded network formulation, and a coevolutionary transport simulation that is able to evaluate the optimized fixed-time plans for large-scale realistic traffic situations. The coupling process of both models is discussed and applied to a real-world scenario. Steps that were necessary to align the models and improve the results are presented. The optimized fixed-time signals are compared to other signal approaches in the application. It is found, that they also help to improve the performance of actuated signal control.
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- 2019
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214. Small-amplitude hunting diagnosis method for high-speed trains based on the bogie frame’s lateral–longitudinal–vertical data fusion, independent mode function reconstruction and linear local tangent space alignment
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Ye, Yunguang and Ning, Jing
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ddc:380 ,small-amplitude hunting ,vertical ,longitudinal ,linear local tangent space alignment ,lateral ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,independent mode functions reconstruction - Abstract
This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively., Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG gef��rderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zug��nglich., Hunting stability is an important factor that influences the running safety of high-speed trains. Most of the existing hunting monitoring methods monitor only the standard hunting. The small-amplitude hunting, however, not only affects ride comfort but also aggravates the wheel���rail wear. Therefore, to extend the service life of wheels and rails and to improve the ride comfort, it is extremely important to monitor the small-amplitude hunting. Hunting motion is a coupled movement of lateral and yaw displacements of the wheelset. When the bogie is in an unstable state, instability will occur not only in the lateral side but also in the longitudinal and vertical sides of the bogie. To improve the robustness of the small-amplitude hunting monitoring methods, this study proposes an idea of the bogie frame���s lateral���longitudinal���vertical data fusion. In addition, the small-amplitude hunting signals have strong nonlinear characteristics, and their frequency and amplitude are unstable. Using only the amplitude or frequency to detect the small-amplitude hunting has obvious shortcomings. Therefore, a new feature extraction method based on the independent mode function reconstruction and linear local tangent space alignment (IMFR-LLTSA) is proposed. This method has been tested with three simulated signals. Finally, a method of combining the bogie frame���s lateral���longitudinal���vertical data fusion and IMFR-LLTSA is used to identify the small-amplitude hunting of high-speed trains. This method has been validated using the data of the CRH380a high-speed train running on the Shanghai���Hangzhou line, monitored by the authors��� research group. The results show that this method is superior to the single lateral diagnosis method.
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- 2019
215. Congestion pricing in a real-world oriented agent-based simulation context
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Ihab Kaddoura and Kai Nagel
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Mathematical optimization ,Computer science ,Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Transportation ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,Congestion pricing ,Bottleneck ,Pigouvian taxation ,marginal social cost pricing ,0502 economics and business ,ddc:330 ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,optimization heuristics ,Queue ,congestion pricing ,050210 logistics & transportation ,Queueing theory ,330 Wirtschaft ,05 social sciences ,021107 urban & regional planning ,ddc:380 ,Travel behavior ,Traffic congestion ,Heuristics ,agent-based simulation - Abstract
This paper investigates optimal congestion pricing strategies using a real-world oriented agent-based simulation framework which allows for complex user behavior. The applied simulation approach accounts for iteratively learning transport users, stochastic demand, and only approximates the user equilibrium, which may be considered as closer to real-world than a model where transport users behave completely rational, have a perfect knowledge about all travel alternatives, and travel behavior strictly follows the user equilibrium. Two congestion pricing rules are developed and investigated. The first one directly builds on the Pigouvian taxation principle and computes marginal external congestion costs based on the queuing dynamics at the bottleneck links; resulting toll payments differ from agent to agent depending on the position in the queue (QCP approach). The second one uses control-theoretical elements to adjust toll levels depending on the congestion level in order to reduce or eliminate traffic congestion; resulting toll payments are the same for all travelers per time bin and road segment (LP approach). The pricing rules are applied to Vickrey's bottleneck model and the case study of the Greater Berlin area. The simulation experiments reveal that with and without mode and departure time choice, the rather simple LP rule results in a higher system welfare compared to the more complex QCP approach. The LP rule appears to better take into account the system's dynamics and the agents' learning behavior. The results also reveal that pricing significantly reduces traffic congestion, however, there is still a remaining delay, even with departure time choice. Overall, this paper points out further need for research and contributes to the exploration of optimization heuristics for real-world oriented simulation approaches.
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- 2019
216. Mobility as a service and the transition to driverless systems
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Bischoff, Joschka Felix, Nagel, Kai, Technische Universität Berlin, Friedrich, Markus, and Winter, Stephan
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ddc:380 ,autonome Fahrzeuge ,Verkehrssimulation ,transport simulation ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,MaaS ,demand responsive transport ,autonomous vehicles ,nachfrageabhängige Bedienformen ,taxi - Abstract
On-demand transport modes have developed over the last decades and are now often integrated into Mobility as a Service (MaaS) systems. Their current scope stretches from classical taxi and paratransit services to ride-hailing and ride-sharing and also includes free-floating car sharing systems. In the future, the ongoing trend towards a sharing-economy and improving autonomous driving capabilities may help demand-responsive transport become a dominant means of transport both in urban and rural areas. This thesis aims to analyze the effects of on-demand transport services in MaaS. First, an overview of such modes is provided. This is accompanied by an introduction into simulation tools that allow an analysis of on-demand transport systems. Here the focus is set on agent based simulation of both the demand and the supply of a service. The second focus lies on existing, driver-based MaaS operations, with taxis being the main example. This includes an in-depth analysis of the taxi market in Berlin, Germany, based on the evaluation of GPS trajectories. Several clear patterns both on the demand and supply side are revealed. For example, the demand for taxi trips follows a clear scheme during work days, but peaks at weekend nights. Using agent-based simulation techniques, an evaluation of a possible electrification of the taxi fleet in the city is made. Results suggest that this would not result in major operational limitations. Also, a demand estimation for a fleet of wheelchair accessible taxis is conducted and it is shown that a relatively small share of vehicles will be enough to offer a viable service in the city. This second part concludes with a simulation of the effects of shared taxi rides in Berlin. These are likely to be successful only in the city center and to and from Tegel Airport. The third focus is on possible effects of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) on mobility services. First, a scenario is discussed where all car traffic in Berlin is replaced by single passenger Shared Autonomous Vehicles (SAVs). In Berlin, it is shown, one fleet vehicle could replace up to ten conventional cars. In the second case study, the replacement of a schedule-based and conventionally-operated public transport system by a pooled SAV-system in a smaller town scenario is simulated. Given the simulation assumption, such a system will reduce both travel times for passengers and operating costs.Finally, the third case study shows the effect privately owned AVs may have on parking behavior in urban areas, if people have the choice to either let their privately-owned vehicles cruise or send them to remote parking locations. Results suggest that the use of remote parking locations for AVs may be favorable in areas of high parking pressure., Nachfragebasierte Verkehrsträger haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten rasant entwickelt und sind heute oft Teil sogenannter Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS)–Angebote. Heutzutage umfassen sie klassische Taxi- und Paratransit-Angebote, Ride-Hailing- und Ride- Sharing-Systeme sowie Free-Floating-Carsharing. Zukünftig könnten der Trend hin zur Sharing-Economy und Fortschritte im automatisierten Fahren dazu beitragen, dass nachfragebasierte Verkehrsträger eine dominierende Stellung unter den Verkehrsmitteln sowohl in urbanen als auch in ländlichen Räumen einnehmen. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat zum Ziel, die Auswirkungen und Einflüsse von nachfragebasierten Verkehrsmodi in MaaS-Systemen zu analysieren. Zunächst wird hierfür ein Überblick über diese Dienste und eine Einführung in die Simulationswerkzeuge gegeben, die ein mögliches Werkzeug zur Analyse und Wirkungsabschätzung von MaaS darstellen. Bei der Simulation liegt das Hauptaugenmerk dabei auf Werkzeugen, die eine agentenbasierte Simulation sowohl der Nachfrage als auch des Angebots ermöglichen. Der weitere Fokus der Arbeit liegt auf bereits existierenden, fahrerbasierten MaaS- Diensten am Beispiel Taxi. Hierzu wird eine tiefgehende Analyse des Berliner Taximarkts mittels ausgewerteter GPS-Trajektorien vorgenommen, welche eindeutige Muster in der Nachfrage nach Taxifahrten und im Fahrzeugangebot aufzeigt. So ist beispielsweise die Nachfrage nach Taxifahrten an Werktagen sehr regelmäßig geformt, absolut am höchsten ist sie jedoch in Wochenendnächten. Im weiteren Verlauf wird unter Verwendung agentenbasierter Simulationstechniken eine Bewertung einer möglichen Elektrifizierung der Taxiflotte der Stadt vorgenommen. Diese könnte ohne gravierende betriebliche Änderungen realisiert werden. Ferner wird eine Bedarfsabschätzung für eine mögliche Flotte von rollstuhlgerechten Taxis angestellt. Der Teil schließt mit einer Simulation der Auswirkungen geteilter Taxifahrten in Berlin. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass geteilte Fahrten vorrangig im Innenstadtgebiet und vom und zum Flughafen Tegel erfolgreich sein können. Des Weiteren werden in der Arbeit die Auswirkungen von autonomen Fahrzeugen auf MaaS diskutiert. Zunächst wird hierbei ein Szenario erörtert, in dem der gesamte Autoverkehr in Berlin durch Shared Autonomous Vehicles (SAV), oder Robotaxis, ersetzt wird. Hierbei ist es möglich, dass ein autonomes Flottenfahrzeug bis zu zehn Privatfahrzeuge ersetzen kann. In einer zweiten Fallstudie wird der Ersatz eines fahrplan- basierten, herkömmlich betriebenen öffentlichen Verkehrssystems durch ein geteiltes SAV- System in einer kleineren Stadt simuliert. Unter den getroffenen Annahmen könnte solch ein System dabei sowohl in geringeren Fahrzeiten als auch in niedrigeren Betriebskosten resultieren. Schließlich zeigt eine dritte Fallstudie, wie sich autonome Fahrzeuge in Privatbesitz auf das Parkverhalten in einer Stadt auswirken können, wenn AutohalterInnen die Möglichkeit haben, ihre Privatfahrzeuge stetig umherfahren zu lassen oder sie zu abgelegenen Parkplätzen zu schicken wenn sie nicht benötigt werden. Basierend auf den Simulationsergebnissen erscheint letzteres dabei in Stadtvierteln mit hohem Parkraumdruck die bevorzugte Variante zu sein.
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- 2019
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217. Adaptive traffic signal control for real-world scenarios in agent-based transport simulations
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Kai Nagel, Nico Kühnel, and Theresa Thunig
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050210 logistics & transportation ,Control algorithm ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,Control (management) ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Stability (learning theory) ,Phase (waves) ,02 engineering and technology ,Signal ,ddc:380 ,Traffic signal ,agent-based transport simulation ,large-scale real-world scenario ,Control theory ,decentralized ,021105 building & construction ,0502 economics and business ,adaptive traffic signal control ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Queue - Abstract
This study provides an open-source implementation of a decentralized, adaptive signal control algorithm in the agent-based transport simulation MATSim, which is applicable for large-scale real-world scenarios. The implementation is based on the algorithm proposed by Lammer and Helbing (2008), which had promising results, but was not applicable to real-world scenarios in its published form. The algorithm is extended in this paper to cope with realistic situations like different lanes per signal, small periods of overload, phase combination of non-conflicting traffic, and minimum green times. Impacts and limitations of the adaptive signal control are analyzed for a real-world scenario and compared to a fixed-time and traffic-actuated signal control. It can be shown that delays significantly reduce and queue lengths are lower and more stable than with fixed-time signals. Another finding is that the adaptive signal control behaves like a fixed-time control in overload situations and, therefore, ensures system-wide stability.
- Published
- 2019
218. Die Wirkung von CSR-Kommunikation auf Konsumenten in der Lebensmittelbranche
- Author
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Deichmann, Kathrin
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ddc:380 ,Corporate Social Responsibility ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Kommunikation ,Befragung ,Verbraucher - Abstract
Die Masterarbeit analysiert in einer empirischen Experimentalstudie die Wirkung von CSR-Kommunikation auf Konsumenten in der Lebensmittelbranche. Dazu wurde eine quantitative Online-Befragung durchgeführt, in der mithilfe eines fiktiven Unternehmens untersucht wurde, inwiefern CSR-Kommunikation, die Glaubwürdigkeit der CSR-Kommunikation und die Reputation des Unternehmens das CSR-Image beeinflussen.
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- 2019
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219. Entwicklung eines regionalen, agentenbasierten Verkehrssimulationsmodells zur Analyse von Mobilitätsszenarien für die Region Ruhr
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Ihab Kaddoura, Amit Agarwal, and Dominik Ziemke
- Subjects
ddc:380 ,traffic simulation ,Verkehrssimulation ,Ruhrgebiet ,MATSim ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Mobilität ,CEMDAP ,mobility - Abstract
Durch sich verändernde Lebensmuster, neue Strukturen in der Arbeitswelt sowie weiterhin ungelöste Fragestellungen bzgl. Umweltwirkungen des Verkehrssektors stehen die Verkehrssysteme der Städte und Regionen vor großen Herausforderungen. Diese werden begleitet durch technische Neuerungen wie autonome Fahrzeuge und neue Antriebstechnologien. In der Region Ruhr bietet sich im Zuge der Umgestaltung der Emscherregion (vgl. EGLV, 2018) eine besondere Gelegenheit, Veränderungen im Verkehrssystem herbeizuführen, welche obige Herausforderungen aufgreifen.
- Published
- 2019
220. Einzelhandel und Stadtverkehr:Neue Entwicklungstendenzen durch Digitalisierung und Stadtgestaltung
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Neiberger, Cordula, Pez, Peter, Pez, Peter, and Neiberger, Cordula
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Wirtschaftsgeografie ,Digitalisierung ,Verkehr ,Nachhaltigkeit ,Verkehrssystem ,Kultur und Raum ,Stadtplanung ,ddc:380 ,780 Musik ,Einzelhandel ,910 Geografie, Reisen ,Stadtverkehr ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Stadtgestaltung ,ddc:910 - Abstract
Handel und Verkehr sind eng miteinander verzahnt, und Standortsysteme im (Einzel-)handel können die Konfiguration von (städtischen) Verkehrssystemen weitreichend beeinflussen – gleiches gilt aber auch in umgekehrter Richtung. Aktuelle Wandlungsprozesse zeichnen sich insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund zunehmender Digitalisierung ab. So differenzieren sich Distributionsformen mit neuen IT-basierten Zustellsystemen aus. Onlineshopping steht dabei im Wettbewerb mit dem stationären Einzelhandel und initiiert zunehmende Transportströme (auch für Warenrückläufe). Wie wirkt sich diese Entwicklung im Einzelhandel auf Einkaufsverhalten und Mobilitätder Kunden aus? Was bedeutet dies wiederum für den Handel? Und inwieweit stimmt der dadurch ausgelöste Wandel mit den Leitbildern von Handel, Stadtplanung und Nachhaltigkeit überein oder verlangt neue Anpassungen? Diesen und weiteren Fragen geht der vorliegende Sammelband „Einzelhandel und Stadtverkehr. Neue Entwicklungstendenzen durch Digitalisierung und Stadtgestaltung“ der Schriftenreihe Geographische Handelsforschung nach. Die sieben Beiträge des Bandes standen im Zentrum der Vorträge und Diskussionen anlässlich der gemeinsamen Jahrestagung der VGDH-Arbeitskreise „Verkehr“ und „Geographische Handelsforschung“ vom 7. bis 9. Juni 2018 an der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg. Aus wissenschaftlicher und dabei praktischer Perspektive diskutierten die Autoren aktuelle Trends und Entwicklungsperspektiven des nicht immer einfachen Managements von Mobilität und Konsum., Enthält: Cordula Neiberger und Peter Pez Einzelhandel und Stadtverkehr – eine Symbiose? Rolf Monheim Einzelhandel und Verkehr in Innenstädten – Eine vielschichtige Beziehung im Spannungsfeld von äußerer und innerer Erreichbarkeit Jürgen Rauh und Sebastian Rauch Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zu fußläufigen GIS-gestützten Erreichbarkeitsanalysen in der Nahversorgung in ländlichen Räumen Oliver Schwedes und Susanne Thomaier Die Schönhauser Allee: Gestaltung des Wandels zu einer fahrradfreundlichen Einkaufsstraße Jannik Wendorff Ladeninfrastruktur für Elektromobilität – Ein Erfolgsfaktor im stationären Einzelhandel? Vera Schleiden und Cordula Neiberger Onlinehandel und Nachhaltigkeit – Zur Bedeutung von Nachhaltigkeit für das Einkaufsverhalten im cross-border Onlinehandel Benjamin Heldt, Tilman Mattheis, Matthias Heinrichs und Antje von Schmidt Auswirkungen des zunehmenden Online-Lebensmittelhandels auf den Straßenverkehr – Fallbeispiel Heimbelieferung Sarah R. Güsken, Daniela Janssen, Rene Vossen und Frank Hees smart emma – Ein Forschungsprojekt zum Aufbau eines regionalen Onlinemarktplatzes für Lebensmitteleinzelhändler
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- 2019
221. Archetypes of Supply Chain Analytics Initiatives—An Exploratory Study
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Steffen Bunzel and Tino T. Herden
- Subjects
Knowledge management ,lcsh:Management. Industrial management ,Computer science ,Supply chain ,supply chain analytics ,Big data ,lcsh:Transportation and communication ,Exploratory research ,Competitive advantage ,Organizational performance ,Business analytics ,0502 economics and business ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,business analytics ,cluster analysis ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,lcsh:K4011-4343 ,lcsh:HE1-9990 ,Variety (cybernetics) ,ddc:380 ,Analytics ,lcsh:HD28-70 ,050211 marketing ,lcsh:Transportation and communications ,business ,050203 business & management - Abstract
While Big Data and Analytics are arguably rising stars of competitive advantage, their application is often presented and investigated as an overall approach. A plethora of methods and technologies combined with a variety of objectives creates a barrier for managers to decide how to act, while researchers investigating the impact of Analytics oftentimes neglect this complexity when generalizing their results. Based on a cluster analysis applied to 46 case studies of Supply Chain Analytics (SCA) we propose 6 archetypes of initiatives in SCA to provide orientation for managers as means to overcome barriers and build competitive advantage. Further, the derived archetypes present a distinction of SCA for researchers seeking to investigate the effects of SCA on organizational performance.
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- 2018
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222. Entwicklung der E-Commerce-Logistik in Cross-Border-Beziehungen
- Author
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Ding, Feng, Straube, Frank, Huo, Jiazhen, Technische Universität Berlin, Tongji University, Shanghai (China), Werwatz, Axel, Li, Yanting, Su, Qiang, and Duan, Yongrui
- Subjects
game theory ,ddc:380 ,competitive strategy ,Wettbewerbsstrategie ,Spieltheorie ,konzeptioneller Rahmen ,e-logistics ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,conceptual framework ,cross-border e-commerce ,grenzüberschreitend ,Internethandel - Abstract
Published in print by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, ISBN 978-3-7983-2972-0 (ISSN 1865-3170)., Through a structured literature review and an exploratory factor analysis, this thesis presents a conceptual framework with 6 key factors composed of 19 indicators, including government, consumer, company, product, operation and partnership, which affecting the development of e-logistics in cross-border relation. Then, a comprehensive competitive strategy is generated based on the framework, including government policy, logistics strategy selection, differentiated product, dual-channel inventory and transport. Finally, Walmart and JD.com in China market are chosen as case study, the development of their cross-border e-logistics strategy verify the rationality and applicability of the framework found in this thesis., Durch eine strukturierte Literaturrecherche und eine explorative Faktorenanalyse, stellt diese Arbeit einen konzeptionellen Framework mit 6 Schlüsselfaktoren auf, die sich 19 Indikatoren zusammensetzen, die sich auf die Entwicklung der E-Logistik in Cross-Border-Beziehungen auswirken, darunter Regierung, Verbraucher, Unternehmen, Produkt, Betrieb und Partnerschaft. Anschließend wird eine umfassende Wettbewerbsstrategie auf der Grundlage des Frameworks erstellt, einschließlich der Regierungspolitik, der Auswahl der Logistikstrategie, des differenzierten Produkts, des Dual-Channel-Bestands und des Transports. Schließlich werden Walmart und JD.com im chinesischen Markt als Fallstudie ausgewählt, die Entwicklung ihrer Cross-Border-E-Logistik-Strategie aufgezeigt und Anwendbarkeit des Frameworks demonstriert.
- Published
- 2018
223. Autonomous vehicles and their impact on parking search
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Tilmann Schlenther, Kai Nagel, Joschka Bischoff, and Michał Maciejewski
- Subjects
050210 logistics & transportation ,Operations research ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,05 social sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Synthetic population ,simulation ,parking search ,Computer Science Applications ,Constraint (information theory) ,ddc:380 ,Software ,0502 economics and business ,Automotive Engineering ,transport ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Parking space ,MATSim ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,autonomous vehicles ,Mode choice ,business - Abstract
Parking is a major constraint for car users and therefore an important factor in mode choice decisions. In this paper we introduce a model to simulate parking search behavior for cars within a multi-agent transport simulation, including full simulation of all steps of parking search, such as walking to and from the vehicle. This is combined with the capabilities of privately owned autonomous vehicles (AVs), which may park automatically, often in other locations than conventional cars, once they are not in use. Three different strategies for AVs to park are developed: (1) Conventional parking search, (2) parking at a designated AV lot, and (3) empty cruising, where vehicles do not use any parking space, but keep on driving. We apply the simulation model to a residential neighborhood in central Berlin, where parking pressure is generally high and apply different shares of AV usage to the synthetic population used. This allows a detailed evaluation of effects for both AV and conventional vehicle owners. Results suggest that the usage of designated parking lots may be the most beneficial solution for most users, with both vehicle wait times and parking search durations being the lowest.
- Published
- 2018
224. »Von Hand auflegen«. Die Werbeschallplatte als interaktives Werbemittel
- Author
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Ottmann, Solveig and Reimann, Sandra
- Subjects
ddc:400 ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,791 Öffentliche Darbietungen, Film, Rundfunk ,400 Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik ,ddc:791 ,ddc:380 - Published
- 2018
225. Der rechtsrheinische Chausseebau zwischen Basel und Frankfurt (1717-1764)
- Author
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Wunder, Bernd
- Subjects
624 Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr - Abstract
Als um die Wende zum 18. Jahrhundert in Europa der Kunststraßen- oder Chausseebau einsetzte, entstand ein neues Tätigkeitsfeld des sich herausbildenden modernen Staate1. Dieses neue Politikfeld war Teil des Merkantilismus. Der Chausseebau war aber keine einmalige Investition, sondern der Unterhalt der Chausseen wurde, wie sich sehr schnell herausstellte, zu einer Daueraufgabe des modernen Staates. Zwar blieb der Wasserweg (Küsten- wie Flussschiffahrt) weiterhin die bevorzugte und weitgehend einzige Transportmöglichkeit für Massengüter über größere Entfernungen. Auch der Personentransport mit Kutschen über Land, d. h. außerhalb der Städte, setzte erst allmählich im 17./18. Jahrhundert ein. Die neuen Chausseen dienten zunächst dem Fernhandel zumeist höherwertiger Güter, aber dann auch dem Transport von lagerfähigen Lebensmitteln wie Wein und Getreide. Der Chausseebau war eine Investition in die Zukunft, deren Nutzen kurzfristig nicht messbar war. Er war Infrastrukturpolitik vor der Industrialisierung und stellte, wie besonders die französische Forschung betont, die politische und wirtschaftliche Einheit eines Landes her.
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- 2018
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226. Mind the price gap: How optimal emission pricing relates to the EU CO2 reduction targets
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Kickhöfer, Benjamin, Agarwal, Amit, and Nagel, Kai
- Subjects
ddc:380 ,sustainable transport ,air pollution ,backcasting ,emissions ,optimal pricing ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,agent-based modeling - Abstract
From the transport economic literature, it is known that optimal pricing of (environmental) externalities improves the urban system. In contrast to theory-based optimal pricing strategies, real-world policy setting often follows so-called “backcasting” approaches where certain targets are set, and policy measures are implemented in order to reach those targets. An example for the latter approach is the EU goal to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector by 20% until 2020 with respect to 1990 levels. This article aims to (i) compare optimal pricing and backcasting approaches for a specific case study in a simulation environment by identifying the contribution of each approach in EU’s 2020 emission reduction target, and (ii) to determine the costs required to reach the desired targets. For this purpose, an optimal emission pricing strategy is applied to a real-world scenario of the Munich metropolitan area in Germany. The highly differentiated tolls relate to individual exhaust emissions, i.e. they are calculated using damage cost estimates from the literature and vary over time of day, with traffic situation, and with vehicle type. The results indicate that the desired reduction in CO2 emissions is not reached for optimal pricing approach, and that the initial damage costs estimates need to be multiplied by a factor of 5 in order to reach the target, yielding a price of 350 EUR/ton CO2. When aiming at a decrease of the overall emission costs by 20% (CO2 and local pollutants), the initial cost estimates need to be multiplied by a factor of 10. Furthermore, it is shown that the major contribution to the overall emission reduction stems from behavioral changes of commuters and reverse commuters rather than from urban travelers; under some circumstances, urban travelers even increase their CO2 emission levels. Hence, the study rises awareness that conflicting trends for different types of pollutants and different types of individuals are very likely: an increase in non-methane hydrocarbon levels for urban travelers and freight depicts that pricing emissions does not necessarily result in a reduction of all pollutants or of the emissions levels of all travelers. It is shown how agent-based simulations can be used to provide valuable insights and decision support in such possibly counter-intuitive situations.
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- 2018
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227. Pathways for Sustainable Technology Development – The Case of Bicycle Mobility in Berlin
- Author
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Günther Seliger, Johannes Seidel, T. Riedelsheimer, and Pia Gausemeier
- Subjects
Engineering ,Scenario based ,business.industry ,concepts for bicycle mobility ,620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten ,Harmonization ,Field (computer science) ,Fundamental human needs ,ddc:380 ,Transport engineering ,Development (topology) ,Sustainability ,Sustainable design ,Systems engineering ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,ddc:620 ,Resource consumption ,future studies ,business ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Sustainability requires that quality of life and resource consumption are harmonized. The use of sustainable technologies fosters their harmonization. A scenario based method has been developed for identifying sustainable technology systems on different levels of development and in different areas of human living. The developed method consists of four elements: the surrounding field scenarios, technology pool, sustainability assessment and system creation. They can be applied in various paths with different starting points. The two technology induced paths, emanating from either a system or a system element, enable the transformation of technological potentials into useful applications. The problem induced path, emanating from future framework conditions of an observed field, allows human needs to be satisfied trough technological potentials. The application shown in this paper illustrates the usage of the method's problem induced path in mobility as one area of human living. Based on three surrounding field scenarios for bicycle mobility in Berlin, technology systems for bicycle design, operation and their repair in self-help workshops are illustrated.
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- 2015
228. Barrierefreie Taxis für Berlin: Bedarfsermittlung und Abschätzung der Flottengröße
- Author
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Bischoff, Joschka, Maciejewski, Michał, and Nagel, Kai
- Subjects
Berlin ,public transport ,ddc:380 ,transport simulation ,barrierefrei ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,fleet size ,Taxi ,accessibility - Abstract
Die Berliner Taxiflotte weist aktuell nur eine geringe Anzahl an barrierefreien Fahrzeugen auf, welche von RollstuhlfahrerInnen genutzt werden können, ohne den Rollstuhl zu verlassen. In diesem Kurzpapier wird anhand eines Simulationsmodells untersucht, wie viele Fahrzeuge der stadtweiten Taxiflotte mindestens barrierefrei zugänglich sein müssten. Dafür wird zunächst eine Abschätzung der Nachfrage vorgenommen und sodann die notwendige Flottengröße ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf, dass eine Flottengröße von 250 Fahrzeugen eine hinreichend gute Angebotsqualität liefern können.
- Published
- 2017
229. Mitteilungen des Regensburger Verbunds für Werbeforschung - RVW
- Author
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Gerstl, Doris, Greule, Albrecht, Sauer, Jan, and Reimann, Sandra
- Subjects
150 Psychologie ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,340 Recht ,791 Öffentliche Darbietungen, Film, Rundfunk ,020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft ,430 Deutsch - Published
- 2017
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230. Integrating explicit parking search into a transport simulation
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Kai Nagel and Joschka Bischoff
- Subjects
Computer science ,parking ,Separation (aeronautics) ,02 engineering and technology ,parking search ,Transport engineering ,transport simulation ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,004 Datenverarbeitung ,Informatik ,Simulation ,General Environmental Science ,parking behavior ,050210 logistics & transportation ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Parking guidance and information ,05 social sciences ,Residential area ,ddc:380 ,MATSim ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Stage (hydrology) ,ddc:004 - Abstract
Explicit parking search is not widely integrated into transport simulation and transport models. In this paper, the integration of a parking search simulation into MATSim (Multi-Agent Transport Simulation) is demonstrated. This includes the integration into the agent's simulation logic using within-day re-planning methodology, a separation up of car trips into several segments for each stage of the trip, a parking search behavior and a data structure for parking infrastructure. The parking search model is applied in a case study for an area in Berlin, Germany. Compared to a standard simulation without parking search, results suggests that parking search traffic sums up to 20 per cent of the overall traffic in a residential area and has a significant impact on the overall travel times of agents traveling by car.
- Published
- 2017
231. Freie Fahrt für den Werbekonsum. Ad Appreciation in Zeiten mobiler Rezeption
- Author
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Ottmann, Solveig
- Subjects
770 Fotografie, Computerkunst ,ddc:770 ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,ddc:380 - Published
- 2017
232. Nenne sie niemals Senioren!
- Author
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Nufer, Gerd
- Subjects
380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr - Abstract
Um das Potenzial der Zielgruppe 50+ für sich nutzen, müssen Unternehmen die unterschiedlichen Bedürfnisse und Kaufmotive der Best Ager verstehen und passende Konzepte entwickeln. Denn diese Konsumenten sind eine der wichtigsten Käufergruppen der Zukunft.
- Published
- 2017
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233. Modeling Demand Responsive Transport using SARL and MATSim
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Glenn Cich, Ansar-Ul-Haque Yasar, Michał Maciejewski, Tom Bellemans, Luk Knapen, Davy Janssens, CICH, Glenn, KNAPEN, Luk, Maciejewski, Michał, YASAR, Ansar, BELLEMANS, Tom, and JANSSENS, Davy
- Subjects
Operations research ,thin flows ,Computer science ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Compensation (engineering) ,co-simulation ,SARL ,MATSim ,agent-based modeling ,demand responsive transport, thin flows, dynamic vehicle routing ,0502 economics and business ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,004 Datenverarbeitung ,Informatik ,Simulation ,General Environmental Science ,050210 logistics & transportation ,05 social sciences ,021107 urban & regional planning ,Subsidy ,Service provider ,dynamic vehicle routing ,ddc:380 ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Profitability index ,demand responsive transport ,ddc:004 - Abstract
Demand responsive collective transportation might be a solution to serve thin flows that occur when the average demand per time unit for travel between particular locations is small. Small capacity and/or specially equipped vehicles are deployed to serve low population density areas and mobility impaired passengers. The variability of the demand and the low vehicle capacity require daily optimal planning of routes. The cost for daily tours heavily depends on the temporal and spatial distribution of the demand. This paper proposes a co-simulation model to evaluate the profitability of thin flow service providers over multiple years of operation under specific condition of public compensation (subsidizing). The research reported was partially co-funded within ERA-NET Transport III Flagship Call 2013 “Future Traveling”, project: “Smart-PT - Smart Adaptive Public Transport”, under grant IWT 135026 (Belgium) and NCBR ERA-NET-TRANSPORT-III/2/2014 (Poland).
- Published
- 2017
234. Stakeholder-Beziehungen als Erfolgsfaktor. Theoretische Herleitung sowie Begleituntersuchung zur Identifikation der Dimensionen von Beziehungskapital
- Author
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Schade, Nadine
- Subjects
ddc:380 ,650 Management ,ddc:650 ,Stakeholder ,Wertschöpfung ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr - Abstract
Unternehmen befinden sich in einem Beziehungsgeflecht mit verschiedenen Stakeholdern, die differierende Ansprüche stellen und den Erfolg des Unternehmens stark beeinflussen. Unter diesen Gegebenheiten ist es von zentraler Bedeutung, gute Beziehungen zu den unterschiedlichen Gruppen und somit ein hohes Beziehungskapital aufzubauen. Eine Schlüsselfunktion kommt dabei der Kommunikation zu, da sie das Bindeglied zwischen Unternehmen und Stakeholdern darstellt. Um mithilfe strategischen Kommunikationsmanagements die Beziehungen zu Stakeholdern zu stärken, müssen Unternehmen wissen, worauf überhaupt gute Beziehungen beruhen. Im Zentrum der Arbeit steht daher das soziale Kommunikations-Controlling von Unternehmen als Analyse- und Steuerungsfunktion und die Frage, aus welchen Faktoren sich das Beziehungskapital eines Unternehmens zusammensetzt. Im Gegensatz zum ökonomischen Kommunikations-Controlling fokussiert der soziale Ansatz nicht die ökonomische Ausrichtung der Kommunikation, sondern die Unternehmen-Stakeholder-Beziehungen. Auf Basis des Beziehungskapital-Ansatzes von Szyszka und zentralen Reputationskonzepten wurden die Dimensionen und Indikatoren von Beziehungskapital hergeleitet. Eine quantitative Befragung einer breiten Öffentlichkeit diente anschließend der Prüfung des Entwurfs und der Identifikation möglicher weiterer Aspekte. Das Ergebnis stellt ein Modell dar, demnach Beziehungskapital aus folgenden acht Dimensionen besteht: die Produkte und Services, der unternehmerische Erfolg sowie die Kompetenz des Unternehmens als funktionale Komponenten, die soziale Verantwortung, die ökologische Verantwortung und die Verantwortung gegenüber den Mitarbeitern als soziale Komponenten sowie die Sympathie und Attraktivität des Unternehmens als affektive Komponenten. Die Dimensionen werden durch insgesamt 20 Indikatoren repräsentiert. Das Modell lässt sich in den theoretischen Kontext des sozialen Kommunikations-Controllings einordnen und kann als Erweiterung des Beziehungskapital-Ansatzes hinzugezogen werden. In der Praxis liefert die Arbeit erste Hilfestellungen, um das Beziehungskapital eines Unternehmens bestimmen und darauf aufbauend ein strategisches Kommunikationsmanagement etablieren zu können.
- Published
- 2017
235. Potentiale und Barrieren der Nutzung des Mobile Payment aus Kundensicht: eine empirische Untersuchung
- Author
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Haarstick, Felix
- Subjects
380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr - Abstract
Während sich das Zahlungsverfahren Mobile Payment seit einigen Jahren international mehr und mehr etabliert, fristet es entgegen jährlich wiederkehrender Erfolgsprognosen in Deutschland immer noch ein Nischendasein. Die vorliegende Untersuchung entstand im Rahmen einer Bachelorarbeit des Studiengangs der Betriebswirtschaftslehre an der Hochschule Hannover und beschäftigt sich mit den Potentialen und Barrieren der Nutzung des Mobile Payment aus Kundensicht, mit dem Ziel, die wesentlichen Faktoren der geringen Nutzung in Deutschland zu identifizieren. Hierzu wurden Studierende sowohl mittels eines Fragebogens (N = 128) zu ihren persönlichen Nutzungs-Voraussetzungen sowie –Erfahrungen befragt, als auch um die Bewertung verschiedener Faktoren als Potential oder Barriere für eine mögliche Nutzung gebeten. Bei der Auswertung der Ergebnisse konnten Zusammenhänge zwischen den untersuchten Einflussgrößen und der Nutzung des Mobile Payment festgestellt werden. Insbesondere der fehlende Schutz, drohender Missbrauch und eine fehlende Standardanwendung erwiesen sich als wichtige Faktoren für die Entscheidung, Mobile Payment zu nutzen., While mobile payment as an electronic payment system has become increasingly common in today’s everyday life all over the world, mobile payment is still not among the frequently used payment procedures in Germany despite annual prognoses to the contrary. This study was developed for the purposes of a study programme in business administration at the University of Applied Science and Arts in Hanover. It investigates the potentialities and barriers of the use of mobile payment from a customer's point of view, to identify the essential factors of the slight adoption behaviors of mobile payment in Germany. For that a paper-based questionnaire (N = 128) was handed out to the students of the Faculty IV Economics and Computer Science of the University of Applied Science and Arts in Hanover to investigate their personal technical conditions of use and experiences of use, as well as to evaluate different factors as eventual potentialities or barriers for the use of mobile payment. By evaluating the questionnaires correlations between the influencing variable and the use of mobile payment could be detected. In particular, the lack of technical protection, threat of abuse and a missing standard application proved to be important factors for the decision to use mobile payment.
- Published
- 2017
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236. Software Architecture for a Transparent and Versatile Traffic Simulation
- Author
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Michael Zilske and Kai Nagel
- Subjects
software architecture ,traffic simulation ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Traffic simulation ,Set (abstract data type) ,ddc:380 ,Computer architecture ,Multilayered architecture ,Applications architecture ,SAFER ,Embedded system ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Dependency injection ,Architecture ,Software architecture ,business ,dependency injection - Abstract
MATSim is a traffic simulation software package which can be customized and extended in the Java programming language using a set of interfaces. It recently acquired a plug-in system which was implemented using framework-assisted dependency injection, a pattern more typically used in enterprise rather than research software. We describe the extension points and the implementation of the plug-in system. The architecture makes it easier and safer to combine independently developed components to complex simulation models, compared to many ad-hoc solutions often found in research software.
- Published
- 2017
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- View/download PDF
237. Incorporating within link dynamics in an agent-based computationally faster and scalable queue model
- Author
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Gregor Lämmel, Kai Nagel, and Amit Agarwal
- Subjects
Engineering ,computational efficiency ,Distributed computing ,Transportation ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Kinematic wave ,0502 economics and business ,0103 physical sciences ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Link (knot theory) ,Queue ,Simulation ,Pace ,050210 logistics & transportation ,backward travelling holes ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Simulation modeling ,kinematic waves ,General Engineering ,ddc:380 ,Dynamics (music) ,heterogeneous traffic ,Scalability ,queue model ,Newell's car-following model ,large-scale traffic simulation ,business - Abstract
The growing pace of urbanization increases the need of simulation models to handle large-scale scenarios in reasonable time. The present study proposes a fast spatial queue model, which is anchored to an agent-based travel demand simulation framework. The existing queue model is extended to produce more realistic flow dynamics by introducing backward travelling holes to mixed traffic conditions. In this approach, the space freed by a leading vehicle is not immediately available to the following vehicle. The resulting dynamics resembles Newell's simplified kinematic wave model. The space freed corresponding to each leaving vehicle is named as hole' and, as following vehicles occupy the space freed by leading vehicles, the hole travels backward. This results in triangular fundamental diagrams for traffic flow. The robustness of the model is tested with flow density and average bike passing rate contours. Spatio-temporal trajectories are presented to differentiate the queuing patterns. Finally, a comparison of the computational performance of the different link and traffic dynamics of the queue model is made.
- Published
- 2017
238. Smart Devices in Organizations: About Settlements for Ubiquitous Computing and Computer mediated Communication
- Author
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Walpuski, Volker Jörn
- Subjects
ddc:380 ,Ubiquitous Computing ,650 Management ,Political science ,ddc:650 ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Erreichbarkeit ,Mobile Telekommunikation ,Humanities ,Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement - Abstract
Mobile Kommunikationsgeräte wie Smartphones spielen eine wichtige Rolle für die Effizienzsteigerung, Verdichtung und Subjektivierung von Arbeit. Sie entgrenzen vielfach und haben Einfluss auf die Arbeitsorganisation wie auf Erschöpfung und Erholung. Gesetzliche Regelungen werden in Organisationen nicht umgesetzt oder passen nicht. Organisationen fällt es schwer, selbst Regelungen zu finden, weil zahlreiche Widersprüche bestehen. Dennoch ist es für Organisationen sowohl unter Wettbewerbsaspekten wie in Fragen der Betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung ratsam, Klärungsprozesse zu Erreichbarkeitszeiten durchzuführen. Beratung kann Aushandlungsprozesse unterstützen., Mobile communication devices like smart phones are keystones for improving efficiency, compacting and subjectifying work. They dissolve boundaries in multiple ways and influence organization of work alike exhaustion and recreation. Legal regulations are not implemented in organizations or do not fit. Organizations find it difficult even to find rules, because there are many contradictions. Nevertheless, it is for organizations in both competition concerns as issues of workplace health promotion advisable to conduct clarification processes to availability times. Consulting can support negotiation processes.
- Published
- 2014
239. Integrated Analysis of Commuters’ Energy Consumption
- Author
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Daniel Röder and Kai Nagel
- Subjects
Sustainable development ,Forcing (recursion theory) ,multi-agent transport simulation ,Computer science ,Multi-agent system ,building energy consumption ,Energy consumption ,Environmental economics ,sustainability ,ddc:380 ,Traffic congestion ,Sustainability ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,ddc:004 ,004 Datenverarbeitung ,Informatik ,Simulation ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
There are strong interactions between energy consumption at home, in the office, and in the traffic system. For example, workers can telecommute, saving the energy at the office and in the transport system, but on the other hand increasing energy consumption at home. As an alternative measure, making working hours less flexible and thus forcing everybody to be at the workplace at the same time reduces the energy consumption of the office building. Both measures in addition have traffic congestion consequences. This paper discusses these policies based on a simple analytical model as well as based on a simulation model which includes a sophisticated simulation of the transport system.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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240. Didaktik der Rhetorik
- Author
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Teuchert, Brigitte
- Subjects
ddc:370 ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,ddc:380 - Abstract
Mündliche Kommunikation und Rhetorik werden zunehmend wichtiger in Wirtschaft und Lehre. Der berufsbegleitende Weiterbildungsmaster der Universität Regensburg "Speech Communication and Rhetoric" vermittelt umfangreiche Kompetenzen, um eigene rhetorische Fähigkeiten auszubauen, insbesondere aber als DozentIn oder TrainerIn für mündliche Kommunikation tätig zu werden. Die vorliegende Zusammenstellung stellt wichtige Grundlagen zur Methodik und Didaktik der Mündlichen Kommunikation vor.
- Published
- 2016
241. Increasing the Usability of Pedestrian Navigation Interfaces by means of Landmark Visibility Analysis
- Author
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Jürgen Döllner, Juri Engel, Corné P. J. M. van Elzakker, I. Delikostidis, Menno-Jan Kraak, Bas Retsios, Department of Geo-information Processing, UT-I-ITC-STAMP, and Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation
- Subjects
Engineering ,Landmark ,business.industry ,Institut für Informatik und Computational Science ,Visibility (geometry) ,Ocean Engineering ,Usability ,Context (language use) ,computer.file_format ,METIS-296719 ,Oceanography ,Application software ,computer.software_genre ,USable ,Field (computer science) ,ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät ,Raster graphics ,business ,computer - Abstract
Communicating location-specific information to pedestrians is a challenging task which can be aided by user-friendly digital technologies. In this paper, landmark visibility analysis, as a means for developing more usable pedestrian navigation systems, is discussed. Using an algorithmic framework for image-based 3D analysis, this method integrates a 3D city model with identified landmarks and produces raster visibility layers for each one. This output enables an Android phone prototype application to indicate the visibility of landmarks from the user's actual position. Tested in the field, the method achieves sufficient accuracy for the context of use and improves navigation efficiency and effectiveness., Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 599
- Published
- 2013
242. Route Guidance Map for Emergency Evacuation
- Author
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Amit Agarwal, Nomesh B. Bolia, and Lakshay
- Subjects
Strategic planning ,050210 logistics & transportation ,021103 operations research ,Computer science ,emergency ,05 social sciences ,Evacuation plan ,evacuation plan ,lcsh:Risk in industry. Risk management ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,strategic planning ,02 engineering and technology ,simulation ,lcsh:HD61 ,Transport engineering ,ddc:380 ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,0502 economics and business ,Disaster preparedness ,Emergency evacuation ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,public safety ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) - Abstract
An efficient process of emergency evacuation must be guided. In the event of an evacuation instruction, a significant amount of time is spent by evacuees looking for a place of relative safety or an exit. Due to the ensuing stress and confusion evacuees try to follow others, consequently, all the exits are not used effectively. Therefore, it is important to develop a route guidance map for the emergency. The focus of the map is to help both, the evacuees and the authorities to perform evacuation efficiently. This paper presents a route guidance map for pedestrians that aims an efficient evacuation in case of an emergency. An agent-based simulation framework is used for the simulation of various scenarios to prepare the guiding map. A real world case study of Sarojini Nagar, Delhi is presented to test the presented methodology. Eventually, several strategic recommendations are provided for improving safety of existing infrastructure.
- Published
- 2016
243. Effiziente Organisation wirtschaftlicher Pozesse
- Author
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Weller, Wolfgang
- Subjects
Handel ,Planung ,670 Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung ,Logistik ,ddc:670 ,ddc:650 ,ddc:330 ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,Effizienz ,760 Grafische Verfahren, Drucke ,330 Wirtschaft ,620 Ingenieurwissenschaften ,Optimierung ,Prozessorganisation ,004 Informatik ,ddc:380 ,Post ,Wirtschaftlichkeit ,Wirtschaftlichkeit Effizienz Post Logistik Internetkauf Prozessorganisation Planung Handel Optimierung ,650 Management ,ddc:760 ,Internetkauf ,ddc:004 ,ddc:620 ,600 Technik ,ddc:600 - Abstract
Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Verbesserung bzw. Optimierung der Effizienz von Prozessen und daher mit einer Systemeigenschaft von großer wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung. Nach Klärung des Wesens der Effizienz wird am Beispiel von Aufgabenstellungen aus dem Bereich der Logistik und anderer Warenzusteller eine Methodik zur Erlangung dieser Eigenschaft in ihren Grundzügen dargelegt. Die theoretische Grundlage bildet die Verwendung einer speziellen Art von Graphen. Zur Abrundung werden auch Hinweise auf andere lohnende Anwendungsfälle gegeben. Not Reviewed
- Published
- 2016
244. Other Experiences with Computational Performance Improvements
- Author
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Kai Nagel
- Subjects
ddc:380 ,transport modeling ,large-scale simulation ,transport planning ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,agent-based modeling ,choice modeling - Published
- 2016
245. How to Write Your Own Extensions and Possibly Contribute Them to MATSim
- Author
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Zilske, Michael
- Subjects
transport modeling ,ddc:380 ,large-scale simulation ,transport planning ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,agent-based modeling ,choice modeling - Published
- 2016
246. European Air- and Rail-Transport
- Author
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Grether, Dominik
- Subjects
transport modeling ,ddc:380 ,large-scale simulation ,transport planning ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,agent-based modeling ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,choice modeling - Abstract
This chapter discusses simulation of air- and rail-transport technology and passengers using MATSim. There is no great difference in overall travel times between middle-range rail and air transportation. Airports and railway stations are affected by capacity and opening time constraints. For passengers and goods, geospatial location is an important property. Both modes, but especially air transport, are faced with difficult capacity restrictions at certain departure times. This chapter discusses how MATSim can be applied to capture these constraints and how interaction between passenger demand and constraints on technology supply can be modeled.
- Published
- 2016
247. Modelling Backward Travelling Holes in Mixed Traffic Conditions Using an Agent Based Simulation
- Author
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Amit Agarwal, Gregor Lämmel, and Kai Nagel
- Subjects
traffic simulation ,Computer science ,Mathematical analysis ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Space (mathematics) ,backward travelling hole ,ddc:380 ,Kinematic wave ,Homogeneous ,multi-agent simulation ,Traffic conditions ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Upstream (networking) ,Sensitivity (control systems) ,Link (knot theory) ,Queue ,Simulation - Abstract
A spatial queue model in a multi-agent simulation framework is extended by introducing a more realistic behaviour, i.e. backward travelling holes. Space corresponding to a leaving vehicle is not available immediately on the upstream end of the link. Instead, the space travels backward with a constant speed. This space is named a ‘hole’. The resulting dynamics resemble Newell’s simplified kinematic wave model. Furthermore, fundamental diagrams from homogeneous and heterogeneous traffic simulations are presented. The sensitivity of the presented approach is tested with the help of flow density contours.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
248. An Assignment-Based Approach to Efficient Real-Time City-Scale Taxi Dispatching
- Author
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Joschka Bischoff, Kai Nagel, and Michał Maciejewski
- Subjects
Operations research ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,Taxis ,02 engineering and technology ,Cost matrix ,Vehicle dynamics ,Artificial Intelligence ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,microscopic traffic simulation ,online taxi dispatching ,City scale ,Simulation ,floating car data ,intelligent systems ,050210 logistics & transportation ,business.industry ,matsim ,05 social sciences ,Intelligent decision support system ,Floating car data ,assignment problem ,dynamic vehicle routing ,ddc:380 ,Public transport ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,business ,Assignment problem - Abstract
This study proposes and evaluates an efficient real-time taxi dispatching strategy that solves the linear assignment problem to find a globally optimal taxi-to-request assignment at each decision epoch. The authors compare the assignment-based strategy with two popular rule-based strategies. They evaluate dispatching strategies in detail in the city of Berlin and the neighboring region of Brandenburg using the microscopic large-scale MATSim simulator. The assignment-based strategy produced better results for both drivers (less idle driving) and passengers (less waiting). However, computing the assignments for thousands of taxis in a huge road network turned out to be computationally demanding. Certain adaptations pertaining to the cost matrix calculation were necessary to increase the computational efficiency and assure real-time responsiveness.
- Published
- 2016
249. QSim
- Author
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Rieser, Marcel, Nagel, Kai, and Horni, Andreas
- Subjects
ddc:380 ,transport modeling ,large-scale simulation ,transport planning ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,agent-based modeling ,choice modeling - Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
250. Generation of the Initial MATSim Input
- Author
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Rieser, Marcel, Nagel, Kai, and Horni, Andreas
- Subjects
ddc:380 ,transport modeling ,large-scale simulation ,transport planning ,380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr ,agent-based modeling ,choice modeling - Abstract
This section presents MATSim’s technical tools for initial input generation.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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