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In this paper, we compute the constitutive behavior of a ferroelectric ceramic by a plane strain finite element model, where each element represents a single grain in the polycrystal. The properties of a grain are described by the microscopic model for switching in multidomain single crystals of ferroelectric materials presented by Huber et al. [J. Mech. Phys. Solids 47 (1999) 1663]. The poling behavior of the polycrystal is obtained by employing the finite element formulation for electromechanical boundary value problems developed by Landis [Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng. 55 (2002) 613]. In particular, we address the influence of the single grain properties and the interaction between grains, respectively.

Einleitung: Die Wegener Granulomatose (WG) betrifft vor allem den oberen und unteren Respirationstrakt und die Nieren und endet unbehandelt letal. Die Mehrheit der Patienten hat bei Erstvorstellung ein HNO-Symptom. Kasuistik: Eine 28-jährige Patientin stellte sich mit einer Ohrdrucksymptomatik[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 85. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are key regulators in plant growth and development. The main BR perceiving receptor in Arabidopsis is Brassinosteroid Insensitive 1 (BRI1). Seedling root growth and hypocotyl elongation can be accurately predicted using a model for BRI1 receptor activity. Genetic evidence shows that non ligand-binding co-receptors of the Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor-like Kinase (SERK) family are essential for BRI1 signal transduction. A relatively simple biochemical model based on the properties of SERK loss-of-function alleles explains complex physiological responses of the BRI1 mediated BR pathway. The model uses BRI1-BR occupancy as the central estimated parameter and includes BRI1-SERK interaction based on mass action kinetics and accurately describes wild type root growth and hypocotyl elongation. Simulation studies suggest that the SERK co-receptors primarily act to increase the magnitude of the BRI1 signal. The model predicts that only a small number of active BRI1-SERK complexes are required to carry out BR signaling at physiological ligand concentration. Finally, when calibrated with single mutants, the model predicts that roots of the serk1serk3 double mutant are almost completely BL-insensitive, while the double mutant hypocotyls remain sensitive. This points to residual BRI1 signaling or to a different co-receptor requirement in shoots.

The present article integrates research on the accurate inference of personality traits with process models of hindsight bias (the tendency to exaggerate in hindsight what one had said in foresight). Specifically, the article suggests a new model that integrates assumptions of the lens model on accurate personality judgments and accounts that view hindsight effects as a by-product of knowledge updating. We suggest 3 processes that have the potential to explain the occurrence of hindsight effects in personality judgments: (a) changes in an individual's cue perceptions, (b) changes in the utilization of more valid cues, and (c) changes in the consistency with which cue knowledge is applied. In 2 studies (N1 = 91, N2 = 93), participants were presented with target pictures and were asked to judge each target's levels of the Big Five. Thereafter, they received feedback and had to recall their original judgments. Results show that there were clear hindsight effects for all 5 personality dimensions. Importantly, we found evidence that both the utilization of more valid cues and changes in cue perceptions--but not changes in the consistency with which cue knowledge is applied--account for the hindsight effects. Implications of these results for models explaining hindsight effects, the inference of personality judgments, and the accuracy of these inferences are discussed.

Narcissism affects social relationships from the very first interactions. The overall positivity of social impressions narcissists evoke is, however, unclear-with previous research reporting positive, negative, or null effects on popularity at short-term acquaintance. Here we postulate a dual-pathway model, which explains the effects of narcissism on (un-)popularity as the result of two opposing behavioral pathways: assertiveness and aggressiveness.In two studies, unacquainted German college students (N = 100; N = 68) met in groups of four to six persons and engaged in group discussions. Afterward, they provided ratings of each other's assertiveness, aggressiveness, and likeability. In Study 2, we additionally videotaped the sessions and assessed participants' actual behavior.Results of both studies confirm our dual-pathway hypothesis: There was a "positive" and a "negative" path from targets' narcissism to being liked or not-dependent upon being seen as assertive or aggressive. Behavioral observations showed that expressive and dominant behaviors mediated the positive path, whereas arrogant and combative behaviors mediated the negative path.Initial (un-)popularity of narcissists at early stages of interpersonal interactions depends on the behavioral pathway that is triggered in the given situational context.

International audience; BACKGROUND: A fixed-dose regimen of rivaroxaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, has been shown to be as effective as standard anticoagulant therapy for the treatment of deep-vein thrombosis, without the need for laboratory monitoring. This approach may also simplify the treatment of pulmonary embolism. METHODS: In a randomized, open-label, event-driven, noninferiority trial involving 4832 patients who had acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism with or without deep-vein thrombosis, we compared rivaroxaban (15 mg twice daily for 3 weeks, followed by 20 mg once daily) with standard therapy with enoxaparin followed by an adjusted-dose vitamin K antagonist for 3, 6, or 12 months. The primary efficacy outcome was symptomatic recurrent venous thromboembolism. The principal safety outcome was major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding. RESULTS: Rivaroxaban was noninferior to standard therapy (noninferiority margin, 2.0; P=0.003) for the primary efficacy outcome, with 50 events in the rivaroxaban group (2.1%) versus 44 events in the standard-therapy group (1.8%) (hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75 to 1.68). The principal safety outcome occurred in 10.3% of patients in the rivaroxaban group and 11.4% of those in the standard-therapy group (hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.07; P=0.23). Major bleeding was observed in 26 patients (1.1%) in the rivaroxaban group and 52 patients (2.2%) in the standard-therapy group (hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.79; P=0.003). Rates of other adverse events were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: A fixed-dose regimen of rivaroxaban alone was noninferior to standard therapy for the initial and long-term treatment of pulmonary embolism and had a potentially improved benefit-risk profile. (Funded by Bayer HealthCare and Janssen Pharmaceuticals; EINSTEIN-PE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00439777.).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-30T10:50:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_4876_.pdf: 1220297 bytes, checksum: 8bc2f67f51ba421b7094f1e1ab2919ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-21 câncer de mama é uma doença de elevada e crescente incidência, e seu tratamento tem repercussões psicológicas e físicas na cura e reabilitação das mulheres acometidas. Nesse sentido, a análise de sobrevida permite refletir o estágio dessa doença, a disponibilidade dos serviços de saúde à população e a efetividade do tratamento adotado. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil das mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer de mama que receberam tratamento no Hospital Santa Rita de Cássia no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2005; estimar o tempo de sobrevida em pacientes com câncer de mama e examinar a relação entre sobrevida e variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e clínicas. Métodos: Foram realizados três estudos: um de perfil classificado como observacional descritivo de natureza transversal; de mortalidade que se mostrou observacional descritivo de natureza longitudinal; e um estudo de sobrevida de mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer de mama e atendidas no Hospital Santa Rita de Cássia no período de 1º de janeiro de 2000 a 31 de dezembro de 2005. Dentre os 1086 casos analisados, identificaram-se 280 eventos de morte e sobrevida de 74,2% em cinco anos. Para se determinar a sobrevida geral e por estrato, utilizou-se o método Kaplan-Meier. Verificou-se o efeito independente das variáveis pelo modelo multivariado de riscos proporcionais de Cox, enquanto testou-se a significância estatística pelo método logrank. Para a análise utilizou-se o programa Statistical Package of Social Science, versão 18.0. Resultados: A análise com Hazard ratio bruto apontou para maior risco associado a: (i) baixo grau de instrução; (ii) encaminhamento proveniente do Sistema Único de Saúde; (iii) receptores de estrógeno, progesterona e marcador tumoral c-erbB-2 positivos; (iv) marcador tumoral P53 negativo; (v) estadiamento avançado; (vi) presença de metástase e, (vii) recidiva. Na análise multivariada, apenas estadiamento e metástase apresentaram relação com sobrevida. Conclusão: A relação entre mortalidade e estadiamento ratifica a necessidade do diagnóstico precoce da doença. Dessa forma, observou-se que a conscientização da população feminina quanto às medidas de detecção precoce e à garantia de acesso aos serviços de saúde mostram-se fundamentais para que o diagnóstico ocorra no estadio inicial da doença e promova maior sobrevida.

Einleitung: Eine isolierte Parese des Nervus hypoglossus ist ein in der Literatur selten beschriebenes Symptom. Betroffene Patienten weisen eine Hypomobilität, Faszikulationen und eine Deviation der Zunge zur Seite der Läsion mit einer Atrophie der Zungenmuskulatur der paretischen Seite auf.[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 82. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie

Following a recommendation from PGCCDBS, a workshop on age calibration of horse mackerel was carried out. The workshop was preceded by an exchange. The objectives were: to improve the quality of horse mackerel readings by international calibration. In particular, attempt to resolve the observed differences between countries. Estimate the accuracy and precision of the age readings before and after the intercalibration. Take into account differences between areas and methods. Training of new horse mackerel readers.

In plants, green fluorescent protein (GFP) is routinely used to determine the subcellular location of fusion proteins. Here, we show that confocal imaging can be employed to approximate the number of GFP-labeled protein molecules present in living Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root cells. The technique involves calibration with soluble GFP to provide a usable protein concentration range within the confocal volume of the microscope. As a proof of principle, we quantified the Brassinosteroid Insensitive1 (BRI1) receptor fused to GFP, under control of its own promoter. The number of BRI1-GFP molecules per root epidermal cell ranges from 22,000 in the meristem and 130,000 in the elongation zone to 80,000 in the maturation zone, indicating that up to 6-fold differences in BRI1 receptor content exist. In contrast, when taking into account differences in cell size, BRI1-GFP receptor density in the plasma membrane is kept constant at 12 receptors µm-2 in all cells throughout the meristem and elongation zone. Only the quiescent center and columella cells deviate from this pattern and have 5 to 6 receptors µm-2. Remarkably, root cell sensitivity toward brassinosteroids appears to coincide with uniform meristem receptor density

Numerical methods for the solution of nonlinear electromechanically coupled boundary value problems are considered. A vector potential finite element formulation with return mapping algorithms and consistent tangent operators is developed. The accuracy and robustness of the algorithms are assessed with the help of numerical examples, including a ferroelectroelastic analysis of a notched specimen.

Einleitung: Die Abklärung von unklaren Weichteilschwellungen stellt die tägliche Routine eines HNO-Arztes dar. Die Ursachen hierfür sind vielfältig. Sie reichen von entzündlichen Veränderungen bis zu bösartigen Erkrankungen. Im Folgenden soll über einen ungewöhnlichen Fall eines jungen Patienten berichtet werden. Kasuistik: Ein 31-jähriger Mann stellte sich mit zunehmender derber Schwellung der Gl. parotis sowie der Gl. submandibularis in unserer Klinik vor. Sonographisch zeigte sich zusätzlich eine Lymphadenitis colli. Als Grunderkrankung ist eine multilokuläre Fibrose bekannt. In der Spiegeluntersuchung imponierte eine ca. 3x3 cm große derbe kugelige Raumforderung parotideal rechts, bei ansonsten unauffälligem Spiegelbefund. Eine auswärts durchgeführte FNP-Zytologie zeigte das Bild einer geringen Entzündung mit Spindelzellen, welche mit Narbengewebe vereinbar war. Es bestand daher zunächst der Verdacht einer erneuten Manifestation der bekannten Fibrose. Zur histologischen Sicherung erfolgte die subtotale Parotidektomie, eine Submandibulektomie sowie eine selektive Neck dissection rechts. Der postoperative Verlauf war unauffällig. Die Histologie und die immunhistochemische Aufarbeitung ergaben das Bild eines niedrig malignes Non Hodgkin Lymphom. Es erfolgte daraufhin die Radiatio, die gut toleriert wurde. Schlussfolgerung: Eine unklare Parotisschwellung sollte unabhängig von Vorerkrankungen einer genauen hno-ärztlichen Untersuchung und Diagnostik unterzogen und Vorbefunde kritisch beurteilt werden., GMS Current Posters in Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; 6:Doc90; ISSN 1865-1038

In recent literature the creation of competence centers to perform Cochlea Implantation and rehab has been postulated. Our data shows the results of our patients since 2003. 80 patients have been implanted (14 bilateral, overall n=94). The median age was 52.8a (1–88a), the postoperative[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 81st Annual Meeting of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery

In fachlichen Medien wurde die Bildung von Kompetenzzentren zur Durchführung und Rehabilitation einer Cochlea-Implantation gefordert. Die vorliegenden Daten zeigen die Ergebnisse unserer Patienten seit 2003. Es wurden 80 Patienten implantiert (13 bilateral, gesamt n=94). Das Durchschnittsalter[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 81. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie

Objective: The awareness and detection rate of hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage increased over the last years. Moreover, recent studies also showed a high rate of pituitary insufficiency after intracranial operations and after irradiation for non-pituitary tumors.[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 60. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), Joint Meeting mit den Benelux-Ländern und Bulgarien

Introduction: Cherry Haemangiomata (CH) are benign aggregations of dilated capillaries and venules in the superficial dermis. The lesions begin as erythroid macules which develop to papules. There is no sex prevalence. In the literature cases are reported with multiple lesions after sulphur, mustard[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 80th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery