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Glioblastoma multiforme en sık görülen ve en agresif primer beyin tümörüdür. Glioblastoma multiforme'nin prognozu oldukça kötüdür. Bu tümörlerin küratif tedavilerinden sonra bile, intrakraniyal lokal nüks, kraniyal metastaz ve spinal metastazlar ortaya çıkabilir. Kraniyal glioblastoma multiforme olgularının %0.4–%2’sinde spinal metastaz teşhis edilebilir. Bu hastalarda tanıdan spinal metastaza kadar geçen süre 10-13 aydır ve spinal metastaz sonrası ortalama sağkalım süresi 3-4 aydır. Sol frontal lobda glioblastoma multiformeden operasyon öyküsü olan hastamızda sıradışı olarak tanıdan 4 yıl sonra spinal metastaz gelişmiş, hasta palyatif radyoterapiye rağmen tanıdan 53 gün sonra ölmüştür. Bu olguda uzun süre progresyonsuz seyreden supratentoryal yerleşimli primer glioblastoma multiformeden kaynaklanan nadir spinal metastazı vurgulayacağız.

Objective: This study was carried out to determine whether the rate of abnormal placentation is increasing in concurrence with the cesarean section and to assess risk factors and outcomes with multidisciplinary team interventions and anesthetic practices. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Material & Methods: A study was conducted in the department of anaesthesia from January 2014 to December 2017. All candidates under the spectrum of placenta accreta were observed for maternal age, parity, mode of anesthesia, blood loss, and outcome. Results: Out of 109 patients, the preoperative diagnosis of PAS was made up of 100 (91.74%) and intraoperative diagnosis of 9 (08. 26%) patients. According to the mode of anesthesia, 100 (91.74%) patients received GA, and 09 (08.26%) patients received spinal anesthesia. In 06 (05.49%) patients, spinal was converted to GA. Perioperative CPR was done in 05 (04.58%) cases. Out of 109 cases, 83 survived uneventfully, and 21 developed complications. 05 patients expired in the following days. (01 immediately postoperative period, 02 in 1st 24 hours and 02 in 1st 48 hours. Conclusion The rate of placenta accreta increased in conjunction with cesarean deliveries; the most important risk factors were previous cesarean delivery, placenta previa, and advanced maternal age and outcomes improved in a multidisciplinary team intervention.

Meningomyelocele is a serious pathology that requires immediate surgical treatment. Its management is difficult due to accompanying other pathologies and hydrocephalus. Shunt timing is still controversial. Therefore, this study retrospectively assessed 80 patients in order to improve the shunt timing and management of patients with meningomyelocele. A total of 80 patients were followed up for 18–48 (average, 23) months. Patients were analyzed for the following variables: delivery method and time, head circumference monitoring, shunt timing, complication rates of patients who underwent shunting, during the early or follow-up period, accompanying pathologies, size, and localization of lesion. Patients including 46 males and 34 females have been operated. In 40% of patients, the accompanying pathology was determined. Approximately 85% of patients had hydrocephalus, and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed on 36 symptomatic and 22 patients with hydrocephalus that developed during the follow-up. Differences in shunt-related and general complications were not significant between patients who underwent shunt placement during the same session and patients who underwent shunt placement during the follow-up. However, the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid fistula formation from the wound in patients who underwent shunt placement during the same session was significantly lower than those who underwent shunt placement during follow-up. Immediate surgery (within the first 48 h) provides positive results, which is consistent with the existing literature. According to the logistic regression analysis, the placement of the meningomyelocele sac in the lumbosacral region is decisive in shunt insertion. Placing the shunt in the same session for patients with hydrocephalus and later for patients who developed hydrocephalus during the follow-up is recommended as a favorable treatment.

Amaç: Önceki makaleler sıklıkla dekompresyonu göstermek için sadece radyolojik veya klinik iyileşmeyi değerlendirmiştir. Ancak literatürde hem yaşam kalitesini hem de fonksiyonel ve radyolojik iyileşmeyi değerlendiren ayrıntılı bir çalışma yoktur. Bu çalışmada dejeneratif lomber spinal stenozda bilateral dekompresyon için mikrocerrahi ile tek taraflı laminotominin etkinliğini araştırmayı amaçladık. Materyal ve Metodlar:80 hastayı ve 116 segmenti retrospektif olarak değerlendirdik. Klinik, fonksiyonel ve radyolojik iyileşmeyi değerlendirdik. Klinik değerlendirme için Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS), Oswestry Disability İndeksi (ODI), Tıbbi Sonuçlar Çalışması 36 Madde Kısa Form Sağlık Araştırması (SF36) kullanıldı. Radyolojik değerlendirme için ön ve arka disk yüksekliği, lateral resses yüksekliği, spinal kanalın ön-arka çapı, spinal kanal kesitsel alanı, preoperatif ve postoperatif radyografik görüntülerde segmental lordotik açıları değerlendirdik. Fonksiyonel değerlendirme için yürüme performansı da 15 Dakika Kendi Hızınızda Yürüyüş Testi ile değerlendirildi.Bulgular:Hastaların ortalama yaşı 58.6 ± 11.3 idi. Kırk ikisi kadındı (% 52.5) ​​ve otuz sekizi erkekti (% 47.5). VAS, ODI ve SF36 ile ölçülen klinik sonuçlar önemli ölçüde iyileşti. Yürüme performansı, dural kese kesit alanı ve diğer radyografik ölçümler de önemli ölçüde iyileşti. Spinal instabilite nedeniyle 8 hasta, dura onarım nedeniyle 4 hasta tekrar ameliyat edildi. Sadece iki yara enfeksiyonu gelişti.Sonuç:Dejeneratif spinal stenozda bilateral dekompresyon için mikrocerrahi ile tek taraflı laminotomi, minimum doku hasarı ve daha az komplikasyon ile yeterli dekompresyon ve tatmin edici klinik sonuçlar sağlar., Purpose: Previous articles have frequently evaluated only radiological or clinical improvement for showing decompression. But there is not a detailed study in the literature assessing both quality of life and functional and radiological improvement. In this study we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of microsurgical unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression for degenerative lomber spinal stenosis.Materials and Methods: We assessed 80 patients and 116 segments retrospectively. We evaluated clinical, functional and radiological improvement. For clinical evaluation Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short- Form Health Survey (SF36) were used. For radiological evalution, we assessed the changes of anterior and posterior disc height, lateral resses heigt, anteior-posterior diameter of spinal canal, spinal canal cross sectional area, segmental lordotic angle on preoperative and postoperative radiographic images. For functional evalution, walking performance was also evaluated by 15 Minutes Self Paced Walking Test.Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.6±11.3 years. Forty-two of them were females (52.5%), and thirty-eight were males (47.5%). Clinical outcomes, measured by VAS, ODI and SF36 were improved significantly. Walking performance, dural sac cross sectional area and other radiographic measurments were also improved significantly. 8 patients were reoperated due to the spinal instability, 4 patients due to the dura repair. Only two wound infection developed.Conclusion: Microsurgical unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression for degenerative spinal stenosis achieves adequate decompression and satisfactory clinical outcomes with minimal tissue damage and less complications.

A Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor protein has been purified and characterized from seeds of Acacia nilotica L. LC-MS/MS analysis of Acacia nilotica trypsin inhibitor (AnTI) provided the N-terminal fragment of 11 amino acids which yielded 100% identity with already reported Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor protein of Acacia confusa (AcTI) in UniProtKB database search. SDS-PAGE showed a single band of ~21 kDa under nonreduced condition and appearance of a daughter band (17 kDa) in the presence of β-mercaptoethanol indicating the presence of interchain disulfide linkage typical for Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitors. AnTI was purified from seed extract by using a combination of anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Since AnTI showed maximum homology with AcTI, a molecular structure of AcTI was predicted which showed highly β-sheeted molecular conformation similar to crystallographic structure of Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI). AnTI (20 μg) produces significant population inhibition against different human pathogenic bacteria along strong antifungal activity (50 μg). Entomotoxin potential of AnTI was evaluated against two stored grain insect pests Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Tenebrionidae: Coleoptera) and Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) (Curculionidae: Coleoptera). Statistically significant mortality of T. castaneum adults was observed at 1.5 mg after 15 days in comparison to control. Additionally, number of total eggs, larvae, pupae, adults, and their male/female ratio were also severely reduced in comparison to control. Similarly, two generation progeny of S. oryzae was studied after mixing AnTI with rice kernels. Mean percent mortality of adult population was significantly higher after 9 days of exposure in comparison to control group. AnTI significantly reduced the F1 generation while little mortality was observed for F2 generation. Exploration of such potent molecules is the prerequisite of our time regarding the anticipation of postantibiotic era and the development of insect resistance against chemical pesticides.

AIM To evaluate surgical treatment options, complications and neurological outcomes of patients with cavernous malformations (CMs) in the pons and medulla oblongata. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 25 brain stem CMs that we operated between 2009 and 2019. We operated all cases in the first month with suboccipital retrosigmoid and paramedian approach. The cases were evaluated concerning their demographic characteristics, lesion characteristics, radiological imaging results, surgical approach and neurological status. RESULTS Overall, 15 patients had CMs in the pons and 10 in the medulla oblongata. The mean age of the patients was 33.48 years, and the cases included 15 male and 10 female patients. The average modified Rankin Score (mRS) score had a mean of 2.36 and median of 2 at the time of admission (Table I). The mean follow-up period was 4.64 years (1?10 years). In the last follow-up assessment, the average mRS score was mean = 1.84 and median = 1. In addition, 14 (56%) patients recovered, 7 (28%) did not show any changes, 3 (12%) got worse, and 1 (4%) died. In our case series, the admission complaints were cranial nerve paralysis (24%) in 6 cases, nausea and vomiting in 1 (4%) and hemiparesis in 17 (68%). CONCLUSION Experience, correct surgical approach and good knowledge of neuroanatomy are important in brainstem CM haemorrhages. Imaging methods, neuronavigation and neuromonitoring use are essential for patients undergoing surgery. In the presence of all these factors, the prognosis of patients will be better.

Aim To evaluate the patient groups with ankylosing spinal disorder (ASD) in terms of patients? characteristics, applied surgical approaches, and the outcomes. Material and methods Between 2008-2019, 50 ASD patients (35?80 years) were operated on subaxial cervical fracture. The mean follow-up time was 48 months. According to the surgical approach, the patients were divided into three groups: patients who only underwent anterior fusion [AF], patients who only underwent posterior fusion [PF], and patients who underwent anteroposterior fusion [APF]. In this retrospective study, we examined the patients? files and outpatient checks to evaluate the history, operations, neurological results, and complications in cases. Results After undergoing respective surgical interventions, 1 of the 7 patients in the AF group (14%), 2 of the 18 patients in the PF group (18%), and 3 of the 25 patients in the APF group (12%) died. The postoperative American Spinal Injury Association scores were statistically better in all groups than in the preoperative scores. Among the surgical interventions, improvement in the APF group was significantly better than in other groups. Conclusion Although there is a higher amount of surgery related complications in the APF group, the biomechanical and clinical results are better than the other two surgical interventions.

Understanding the cellular processes is central to comprehend disease conditions and is also true for cancer research. Proteomic studies provide significant insight into cancer mechanisms and aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Phosphoproteome is one of the most studied complements of the whole proteome given its importance in the understanding of cellular processes such as signaling and regulations. Over the last decade, several new methods have been developed for phosphoproteome analysis. A significant amount of these efforts pertains to cancer research. The current use of powerful analytical instruments in phosphoproteomic approaches has paved the way for deeper and sensitive investigations. However, these methods and techniques need further improvements to deal with challenges posed by the complexity of samples and scarcity of phosphoproteins in the whole proteome, throughput and reproducibility. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the variety of steps used in phosphoproteomic methods applied in cancer research including the enrichment and fractionation strategies. This will allow researchers to evaluate and choose a better combination of steps for their phosphoproteome studies.

4th International Conference on Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering (ICCESEN) - OCT 04-08, 2017 - Kemer, TURKEY ARSLAN, Ali/0000-0002-8722-591X; Okmen, Gulten/0000-0003-3207-6715 WOS: 000478894500025 Recent studies indicate that the microbial ecosystem is not limited to specific areas but may also be found in extreme temperature, extreme salt, extreme pH, extreme pressure, etc. Haloarchaea enzymes are very resistant to salinity stress and also have thermotolerant properties according to environmental conditions. Very few studies have been published about Archaea till date. Firstly, Archaea were isolated from Tuz Lake by traditional methods. Thereafter, the antibiotic resistance of the organisms was investigated. The antibiotic resistance of Archaea was determined by disk diffusion method. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of environmental conditions on growths of halophilic archaea isolated from Lake Tuz in Turkey. In this study, halophilic archaea isolated from Lake Tuz were investigated under different salt, nitrogen and carbon sources. The best NaCl tolerance of isolated strains is 10% for B8 isolate. The highest nitrogen tolerance is 1% protease peptone for B7 isolate. The best strain for the use of different carbon sources is B7 isolate, and this rate is 1% starch. The study showed that Archaea have tolerance to different environmental conditions. Mugla Sitki Kocman University Research FundsMugla Sitki Kocman University [16/0140] This work was supported by Mugla Sitki Kocman University Research Funds (Project Number 16/0140).

Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) is a widely used traditional medicinal plant (for different ailments such as arthritis, constipation, and hypertension). This article describes the isolation and characterization of a so far unknown protein from ginger rhizomes applying ion exchange, affinity, size-exclusion chromatography, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and mass spectrometry techniques. One-dimensional Coomassie-stained SDS-PAGE was performed under non-reducing conditions, showing one band corresponding to approx. 27 kDa. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis of the protein solution revealed monodispersity and a monomeric state of the purified protein. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy strongly indicated a β-sheet-rich protein, and disordered regions. MALDI-TOF-MS, and LC-MS/MS analysis resulted in the identification of 27.29 kDa protein, having 32.13% and 25.34% sequence coverage with Zingipain-1 and 2, respectively. The monomeric state and molecular weight were verified by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies. An elongated ab-initio model was calculated based on the scattering intensity distribution.

Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) are known vectors of dengue, chikungunya, and other pathogens; however, their ecology and role in virus transmission has not been well studied in Pakistan. Here, we report on an intensive survey of potential breeding sites of Ae. aegypti in Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, Pakistan. The study continued for 11 mo and was divided into three seasons: January to June (pre-monsoon), July to September (monsoon), and October-November (post-monsoon). Larval mosquitoes were collected from all wet containers present in and around the houses. Altogether 5,570,418, 2,930,508, and 1,507,111 water-filled containers were examined during each season, of which 2,703, 8,843, and 3,439 were found positive for Ae. aegypti larvae or pupae, yielding Breteau indices of 0.46, 2.92, and 1.99%, respectively. Among 14 container types examined, the breeding preference ratio during all seasons was highest for roof-top water tanks and room evaporative coolers, followed by discarded tires and urban trash. The study concluded that increased urbanization, insufficient water supply and inefficient removal of urban trash resulted in increased numbers of nonbiodegradable containers around human dwellings, thereby creating ideal breeding habitats for Ae. aegypti. Measures such as integrated vector management, minimization of the breeding potential of Ae. aegypti by water management, proper disposal of discarded tires and urban trash, and health education were recommended for control of Ae. aegypti.

Objective Currently, the optimal surgical approach for bilateral aneurysms remains controversial. Alternative interventional methods, such as unilateral or bilateral approaches, have been used during a single session or 2 different sessions. The unilateral approach can be used successfully to treat contralateral aneurysms that develop in a paramedian location. However, such an approach is more difficult for treating contralateral aneurysms in more distant locations. The unilateral approach can decrease complication rates, operation time, and length of hospital stay. In this study, we aimed to identify when the unilateral approach should be chosen in patients with bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms and to compare the effect of each approach on the operation time and duration of hospital stay. Methods Between March 2003 and May 2016, 17 bilateral MCA aneurysms were diagnosed in patients who presented to our clinic with complaints of headache and a diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The extent of the cerebral edema, A1 + M1 distance on the opposite site, and configuration of the contralateral aneurysm were determined by preoperative radiologic studies. Based on these findings, 7 patients underwent unilateral surgery, and 10 patients received the bilateral approach. Results The 2 groups had a very similar postoperative course. Nonetheless, the operation time and hospital stay were significantly longer for patients who underwent bilateral surgery than those treated with the unilateral approach. Conclusions In selected patients with bilateral MCA aneurysms, the unilateral approach is a favorable alternative that is less invasive, decreases the operation time and hospital stay, and leads to fewer complications.

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) and ASC containing sauce on broiler chops contaminated with Salmonella spp. broiler chops were experimentally contaminated with five-strains of Salmonella spp. cocktail. For the bacterial inhibition, the chops were treated with sauce, ASC(1200 ppm and 1800 ppm) and ASC containing sauce. Contaminated 8 groups chops (1 group contaminated control) were placed in plastic containers, and kept at 4oC for 7 days. The samples were investigated in terms of Salmonella spp. at 0, 2, 3, 5and 7 days. It was determined that there was statistically significant difference between groups in terms of number of Salmonella spp. The highest decrease in number of Salmonella spp. was determined in group 6 as 2.14 log cfu/g, the least effect was determined in the 5th group (0.08 log cfu/g) treated with marinade containing 1200 ppm ASK. It was determined taht an increase in the number of pathogens in the control and marinade-treated groups. The highest antimicrobial effect on Salmonella spp. was found in broiler chops kept after 2 minute wait in solutions containing 1200 and 1800 ppm ASC. In conclusion, ASC solution decreases the risk of Salmonella spp. in broiler chops.

3rd Mediterranean Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MESMAP) - APR 13-16, 2017 - Girne, CYPRUS ARSLAN, Ali/0000-0002-8722-591X; ceylan, olcay/0000-0002-4435-8405 WOS: 000405924600006 Objective / Purpose: Bacteria causes one of the most common types of chronic mastitis. The most common causative organisms of mastitis include: Staphylococci, Streptococci and coliforms. The scope of this work was to research the antibacterial effects of Piper nigrum extracts against mastitis pathogens, and its antioxidant capacity. Materials and Methods: In our study, 2 Staphylococcus aureus and 5 Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus were used for experiments. Additionally, Piper nigrum were collected from Mugla herbalists in Turkey. The plant extracts were tested by disc diffusion assay for antibacterial activity. The antioxidant activities of plant extracts were also determined by ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] method. Results: The methanol extract of plant showed maximum inhibition zone against 2 bacteria. MIC values of extracts are 6500 mu g/mL. The value found in ABTS method is highly effective (75.7%). Discussion/Conclusion: As a result, the in vitro studies indicate that the extracts of Piper nigrum have significant antibacterial and antioxidant activities. In addition to, the plant extracts could be used in treating mastitis caused by the test bacteria.

3rd Mediterranean Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MESMAP) - APR 13-16, 2017 - Girne, CYPRUS WOS: 000405924600005 Objective: Microorganisms have an easier entry into the sportsman's epidermis, and these make diseases on athletes. The main scope of the study is to search the lack of information about the biological activities of Mentha piperita extracts against bacteria isolated from soccer player's shoes. Materials and Methods: The bacteria were isolated from soccer player's shoes from Balikesir Spor soccer team after the competition. The plant extracts were tested by disc diffusion assay for antibacterial activity. In addition, the different extracts of plant were screened by ABTS decolorization assay for antioxidant activity. Results: The highest inhibition zone in bacteria were determined on Staphylococcus sp. BFT12 (21 mm). MIC value was determined as 3250 mu g/mL. The highest antioxidant activity of the plant was determined from aqueous extract of plant. This scavenging activity is about 88%. Discussion/Conclusion: The extracts of the plant have high antibacterial and antioxidant potential.

Culture and education are complex phenomena and their causal relationship is of a “chicken or the egg” character. There is of course a great debate over what constitutes both “education” and “cultu...

Currently, anterior, posterior, or combined approaches are used in various spinal disorders; however, a single-stage posterolateral transpedicular approach with 360° stabilization and vertebrectomy provides better results for spinal tumors.We evaluated the age, sex distribution, presenting symptoms, neurologic examination findings according to the pre- and postoperative Frankel classification, pre- and postoperative VAS pain scores, preoperatively administered medical therapies, pre- and postoperative corset use, level of the lesion, levels of previous surgical interventions, root ligation (if performed), results of the primary disease, hospitalization duration (after the operation), postoperative complications (if any), postoperative follow-up duration, and postoperative survival duration of 22 patients.We observed that primary bone tumors were localized in the lumbar (75%) and thoracic regions (25%) and that metastatic tumors were localized in the thoracic (77.78%) and lumbar regions (22.22%). The VAS and Frankel scores of the 22 patients who were included in the study revealed that this surgical treatment modality was associated with statistically significant improvements in test scores (P0.001). No ribcage dislocation was observed. In 1 patient (4.54%), a neurologic deficit developed. Two patients (9.09%) required revision because of screw malposition.In spinal tumors, 360° fusion performed via a posterolateral approach is a less risky, relatively safe, and less invasive method. This method, which reduces the risks of anesthesia and internal problems and decreases cost, is an essential technique for decreasing hospitalization duration, improving pain levels, and achieving faster mobilization and faster initiation of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Müslümanlar, Hz. Peygamber'in (s.a.v.) hayatını öğrenmek gayesiyle ilk zamanlardan itibaren gerekli çalışmaları yapmışlardır. İslam'ı din olarak seçen Türkler de bu faaliyetlerin içine girmişler ve bu çalışmaların bir kısmı da tercüme faaliyetleri şeklinde olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti'nin tartışmasız en parlak dönemi olan XVI. asır bu tür çalışmaların artması yönüyle de önemlidir. Şairler sultanı olarak anılan Bâkî’nin, Kastallânî’nin eseri Mevâhıbu’l-ledünniyyeyi tercümesi de bunlara güzel bir örnektir. Bu eser onun şiirdeki üstatlığının yanında nesirdeki gücünü de göstermektedir. Bâkî'nin bu tercümede tarihî rivâyetleri nasıl değerlendirdiği konusu ile hadis metinlerinin tercüme ve tenkidinde izlediği yöntem hakkında ise yeterli bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada eserin özellikle ilk bölümleri bu amaçla karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan bu tercümede, ilgili eserdeki rivâyetlerin tenkit edilmesinden ziyade, Bâkî tarafından bazı rivâyetler arasında tercihte bulunulduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışmada Bâkî'nin tercümede takip ettiği metod ve rivâyetleri tercih ederken neleri dikkate aldığı gibi hususlar üzerinde durulmuştur.