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Many service industries are capital intensive, and the range of expansion in output per hour is not significantly different from that found among goods-producing industries. (Author/SSH)

The status and barriers faced by women business owners is examined, and ways in which higher education institutions can assist women to overcome these obstacles are suggested. The Women Entrepreneurs (WE) Project is described, and a survey of women-owned businesses in California is discussed. (Author/MLW)

Successful facilities management is described as based on a 10-point comprehensive program including: (1) physical planning policy; (2) facilities analysis; (3) management audit; (4) space utilization; (5) capital programs; (6) deferred maintenance; (7) controlled maintenance; (8) energy conservation; (9) environmental quality, health, and safety; and (10) handicapped accessibility. (Author/MLW)

How state governments should finance public college and university facilities is discussed. A framework for analyzing the capital financing alternatives available to state governments is described. Several alternatives in Arizona--including state appropriations, leasing, and revenue bonding--are considered as an illustration. (Author/MLW)

Considers workload and pay issues for faculty in distance education courses, and maintains that faculty are doing more work for the same pay. Discusses costs of technology-based instruction; the emerging trend of partnerships in education; venture capital; and the role of the Department of Defense. (LRW)

Five panelists discuss alternatives to venture capital sources for Appalachian business expansion, new institutions created or supported by state and local governments to provide capital, and how businesses can best position themselves to take advantage of all capital sources. (NEC)

Five panelists discuss how small businesses can acquire seed capital by considering venture; capital's role in the financing of business start-ups, using local banks as sources of advice and community support as well as funds for new entrepreneurs in rural areas, and investigating states' roles in supporting new ventures. (NEC)

Provides an extension of the basic banking model used in introductory economics courses. This expanded model introduces the concept of banking capital and reserves, and includes the relationship existing between current issues and banking structure and money supply growth. Provides worksheet exercises and answers. (LS)

A capital campaign to build facilities for a new nursing division at Aurora College is described. Three suggestions are provided: draw up a detailed plan, there is no substitute for personal contact, and hard work is essential. (MLW)

Austin College's approach to raising large amounts of capital funds with severe limits on number of staff, size of budget, and available time is presented. Some suggestions on locating prospects, cultivating donors, involving the president and trustees and thanking donors are provided. (MLW)

The author comments on the decline in the rate of capital formation and the problems of rising unit costs due to hours paid for, but not worked. (CT)

A table lists the colleges and universities that have initiated capital campaigns to raise $100-million or more. Names of the universities, their goals, public announcement dates, completion dates, and gifts and pledges as of June 30, 1987 are given. (MLW)

Reward-based crowdfunding has enabled an unprecedented number of consumers to provision capital for commercial and artistic ventures. Each year, consumers use digital platforms to transfer billions of dollars to entrepreneurs and artists to help them develop a wide range of market innovations. Notably, these consumers obtain no financial benefits, no formal guarantee that their money will be used aptly, and no reimbursement options. Under such materially unfavorable conditions, why do consumers transfer their money to these producers? The present research answers this question by introducing the concept of a "market-fostering gift system": a social contract that entices consumers to fund the creation and enhancement of market offerings by mobilizing the logic and practices of gift-giving. This conceptualization includes the core stakeholders, processes, outcomes, and shortcomings of reward-based crowdfunding, providing theoretical structure to this consequential articulation of platform capitalism. In addition, this conceptualization advances theory about how gift and market economies intersect. Whereas previous research emphasizes the tensions that characterize their interface, this article brings to the fore the complementary, scalable relationship between gift-giving and market exchange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large divergence in the returns of top-performing star firms and the rest of the economy is substantially reduced when we account for the mismeasurement of intangible capital. Star firms produce and invest more per dollar in invested capital, have more valuable innovations as measured by the market value of patents, and are as exposed to competitive shocks as nonstars. Star firms have higher markups that are predicted early in their life cycle at a time when they are small. Overall, after we correct for the mismeasurement of intangibles, the evidence points to the superior ability of star firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the fight for legitimacy, understanding the rules of status games is critical. This idea holds true in the wedding marketplace. However, when legalization of marriage for same-sex couples disrupted the binary wedding script, the rules of the game became less clear to consumers. Couples sometimes found their gendered bodies, roles, and expressions were out of sync with the evolving script of a destabilized wedding field, thus raising legitimacy questions. This situation is defined as hysteresis—meaning delays in the realignment between habitus and the field. Hysteresis results in consumers' disorientation about what forms of capital are valued as well as perceived absences of materials or recognition from the market. This study investigates consumers' attempts to mobilize gendered capital to resolve hysteresis through realignment of habitus and the script. Grounded in a Bourdieuian field-level analysis of depth interviews with 30 same-sex couples and ethnographic observation in the wedding field, four consumption alignment strategies are identified that consumers leverage to address hysteresis: confronting, masking, collaborating, and experimenting. Consumers' variations in gendered capital explain which consumption alignment strategies they use, with different possibilities for updating habitus and expanding the script. Throughout this process, consumers' moral judgments hinder this pursuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractRichard Westra’s recent The Political Economy of Post-Capitalism offers an unsurpassed overview and analysis of the rise of the service sector, globalisation, financialisation, and other important economic developments in the contemporary political economy. Based on a synthetic definition of capitalism derived from Marx’s Capital, he argues that the capitalist substance of the economy has leeched away to the point where capitalism no longer exists. This article defends a more expansive synthetic definition of capitalism. Marx’s category of capitalist commodities is not essentially limited to material goods. And there are essential determinations of the capitalist mode of production beyond those considered in Capital. The thesis that we are already in an era of post-capitalism loses plausibility and can be disputed from the standpoint of a more adequate Marxian definition of capitalism. The need to fight against capital’s impersonal domination of the social world, and the need to imagine and bring about a better alternative, have not diminished. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars have long outlined the prestige-seeking behaviors engaged in by institutions, but limited scholarship has sought to understand how students understand and conceptualize institutional prestige as key constituents of colleges and universities across the United States. Guided by Bourdieu’s notions of field, habitus, and capital, the purpose of this study was to examine how college students conceptualize institutional prestige and made sense of the landscape of prestige-related discourses during the college admissions process. Based on in-depth interviews with 32 college students and follow-up questionnaires from 30 of them, I argue that college students' understandings of institutional prestige aligned with dominant discourses that value selectivity, wealth, and job-related outcomes. Although participants understood the value of prestige, I suggest their habitus, which was focused on achieving a stable, middle-class career, oriented them toward seeking an affordable institution that would offer them a strong return on investment and the opportunity to attain social capital. By viewing college as a means to gain social capital, I posit their communication about higher education embodied neoliberalism and its meritocratic, market logics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pageantry has historically rewarded women who pursue normative standards of beauty. With neoliberal feminism focusing on women's empowerment, United States pageantry is marketed to women as a space that awards well-rounded competitors with scholarships and other monetary rewards. Using the frameworks of neoliberalism and embodied capital, we investigate how pageant participants conceptualize confidence in the pageant context. Through an analysis of in-depth interviews with pageant stakeholders, we conclude that participants perceive confidence as a resource gained from competing on the pageant stage and a trait that is necessary for competing in pageants. Confidence is embodied capital obtained through self-investment that helps women construct and maintain the ideal pageant femininity. However, confidence is mostly available to middle-class and wealthy women, resulting in reproduction of the class and gender systems. These findings also reveal that pageantry instills and rewards neoliberal principles and postfeminist sensibility, specifically the notion that women's social mobility in the U.S. is connected to individual effort and investment through capitalism. As such, the values of pageantry overlook systemic barriers to achievement for marginalized women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a burgeoning interest in the concept of identity within mathematics education research, with recent work suggesting that the interplay of identity and capital (cultural, social, and economic resources) offers a productive lens for understanding school students' trajectories into, or away from, mathematics. This paper adds to understandings of how interactions of identity and capital play out over time, focusing on how these mediated the mathematics degree trajectories of three young men, Tom, Neb, and Gerrard, who were selected from a wider longitudinal study, as the only young people who went on to take mathematics degrees. Analysis of longitudinal data from 24 semi-structured interviews, conducted with the three young men from age 10 to 21 and two of their parents/carers, found that all three identified as being "good/exceptional at mathematics". These identifications developed at an early age, were sustained and augmented by capital, and were closely related to pursuing the subject at university and enjoyment of mathematics. However, developing and sustaining an identity as "good at maths" relied on interactions with mathematics capital through families, school, and wider networks. Moreover, classed differences in the distribution of capital were implicated in their different degree outcomes. We argue that attending to the longitudinal interplay between capital and identity offers a rich understanding of how young people come to see themselves and be seen by others as "naturally able" at mathematics and in turn supports choosing to study a mathematics degree. Implications for mathematics education policy and practice are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information privilege is the capability of people to access information that others cannot. It may affect personal concerns involving the use of information including but not limited to health, finances, and civic participation, and may also affect professional or academic pursuits which require access to information. The inequality in the way that information can be created, accessed, or distributed could also affect scholarly communication practices. As such, this research looks at the manifestations of information privilege and how they function as capital. Drawing from the author's experiences in scholarly communication, an autoethnographic inquiry was conducted. Manifestations of information privilege were discussed and mapped against Pierre Bourdieu's forms of capital. From the autoethnographic reflections it was inferred that Bourdieu's different forms of capital influence scholarly communication practices in varying ways, with some forms of capital having more influence on practices compared to other forms. Some forms of capital were also seen to function potentially as both a motivating and demotivating factor in scholarly communication practice. This research reflects the impact of information privilege in the conduct of scholarly communication pursuits. It also illuminates the necessity of strengthening open access awareness along with reevaluating scholarly communication practices and related policies, to support the need to democratize knowledge and ensure that knowledge is made easily available and accessible to anyone who may need it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the distinctive features of the monopolistic phase of capitalism is the growing struggle between two fractions of the ruling class: industrial capital and financial capital. This article analyzes how the hegemony of the latter has displaced the leading and transforming role of the former, in a process of subordination and deformation of the productive logic of capital valorization in favor of the speculative one. This is called the "degeneration of industrial capital". Through the case of the United States and the 2008 crisis, it is shown that speculation has already overtaken productive investment, as well as the negative consequences this has had on economic stability and growth. Parasitism and extreme decadence, expressed in deepening inequality, growing dependence on unproductive activities, and the weakening of capitalism's productive capacities, suggest that the system is entering a phase of decomposition, which may be terminal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What causes some systems essential for human survival to endure and others to collapse? The social–ecological systems (SES) framework provides an analytical basis for the study of linkages between ecological and social systems, and of system dynamics. Human intervention in managed ecosystems causes their departure from natural dynamics in ways that can reduce or enhance sustainability. We study the interactions between social and ecological components of SES using a model that integrates stocks and flows of multi-capitals with the aim to understand and assess sustainability. First, multi-capitals (including economic, human, cultural, social, physical, and natural capital) and their flows are functionally expressed in terms of their capacity to generate and hold information, similar to the biological process of generating biodiversity. Second, with organizational precedent in industrial or business "ecosystems," these stocks and flows of information are represented as component subsystems within an SES. Third, seven ecosystem states are described in a version of the adaptive cycle adjusted to apply to multi-capital systems interacting with ecological ones. The model is used to investigate crop production in the United States as an example SES, and to illustrate how human-originating shocks can be studied for managed-ecosystem impact in ways conceptually compatible with ecological risk assessment. The model assesses tradeoffs between productivity and sustainability, likely points of failure, and information flows of complex multi-capital systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The functions of the dependence of inflation and the norm of cash quantity on the interest rate of the Central Bank and normalized real GDP are determined. Normalized real GDP is expressed by the ratio of real GDP to the inflation-free quantity of cash. It is shown that each technological mode has its own velocity of money circulation, interest rate, the norm of the quantity of cash, and inflation in a certain range of changes in normalized real GDP. The nomogram of the dependence of the cash quantity rate on the normalized real GDP at the available interest rate is constructed. The nomogram of the dependence of inflation on the interest rate at the available normalized real GDP of developing and underdeveloped economies and the nomogram of the dependence of inflation on the interest rate at the available normalized real GDP of industrialized and developed economies have been constructed. An economic and mathematical model of inflationary regulation of economic growth has been developed. The inflation regulation of the economic growth in Ukraine in 2025–2026, according to statistical data of 2022–2023, has been modeled. It is shown that inflationary regulation allows for an increase in real GDP growth in two years by 1.9 times compared to growth with inflation targeting the interest rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reads Karl Marx's Capital (volume 1, 1867) as the Bildungsroman of a congenital criminal: its eponymous character, Capital. Following Friedrich Engels's The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845), Marx detects and dissects capitalism's crimes. Capital has been called Marx's 'Victorian novel' and compared to English realism's triple-deckers. Yet his indispensable informants include factory inspectors whose reports, according to Fredric Jameson, provide testimony beyond anything realism can represent. How, then, does Marx's apparently realist aesthetic convey Capital's criminal deeds and criminogenic drive? To address this matter, the article examines the Gothicism of Marx's realism. It highlights his development of Engels's Gothic realism, demonstrates how Capital begins in media res—its first sentence presenting an immense, monstrous collection of evidence of Capital's cannibalism—and links this opening crime scene to Marx's portrayal of the 1863 case of Mary Anne Walkley. Murdered in her workplace, Walkley inhabits an underworld overpopulated by fellow workers killed by wage-labour. The article argues that, because actuality under the rule of Capital is structurally and monstrously criminal, Marx's Gothic constitutes a realistic medium to represent criminal monsters and structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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