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Learning innovation is a positive approach on the contemporary higher education international stage. This article stresses the need to devise physical spaces that are also innovative. For that purpose, using a qualitative methodology, we investigated recent trends based on the synergies between certain creative disciplines: architecture, music, and fashion. The comparison was based on compositional features and formative dimension. Using a qualitative methodological comprehensive approach, a set of case studies was analysed. The findings show the usefulness of activating these synergies as effective strategies when enriching educational processes in different ways. Six cases of excellence wherein university physical spaces reached levels of innovation were studied, representing relevant transfers among the three disciplines. The text presents examples that show the educational consequences in the establishment of those synergies, in terms of both composition (music–architecture) and the activation of heritage sites in the city as venues of learning innovation (fashion–architecture). The basic conclusions were based on the fact that the increase in teaching and spatial creativity that emanates from said synergies among the three disciplines can be potentially extrapolated to other areas of knowledge.

In potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), protoplast techniques are limited to a few genotypes, thus, the use of regular regeneration procedures of multicellular explants causes us to face complexities associated to CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing efficiency and final identification of individuals. Geminivirus-based replicons contained in T-DNAs could provide an improvement to these procedures considering their cargo capability. We built a Bean yellow dwarf virus-derived replicon vector, pGEF-U, that expresses all the editing reagents under a multi-guide RNA condition, and the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) marker gene. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer experiments were carried out on ‘Yagana-INIA’, a relevant local variety with no previous regeneration protocol. Assays showed that pGEF-U had GFP transient expression for up to 10 days post-infiltration when leaf explants were used. A dedicated potato genome analysis tool allowed for the design of guide RNA pairs to induce double cuts of genes associated to enzymatic browning (StPPO1 and 2) and to cold-induced sweetening (StvacINV1 and StBAM1). Monitoring GFP at 7 days post-infiltration, explants led to vector validation as well as to selection for regeneration (34.3% of starting explants). Plant sets were evaluated for the targeted deletion, showing individuals edited for StPPO1 and StBAM1 genes (1 and 4 lines, respectively), although with a transgenic condition. While no targeted deletion was seen in StvacINV1 and StPPO2 plant sets, stable GFP-expressing calli were chosen for analysis, we observed different repair alternatives, ranging from the expected loss of large gene fragments to those showing punctual insertions/deletions at both cut sites or incomplete repairs along the target region. Results validate pGEF-U for gene editing coupled to regular regeneration protocols, and both targeted deletion and single site editings encourage further characterization of the set of plants already generated.

espanolEste articulo trata del metodo y su relacion con la investigacion educativa. El objetivo es analizar la relevancia del metodo en ciencias humanas y sociales, en especial, en educacion. Para ello, dividimos este articulo en tres secciones: 1. ?Hay metodo? 2. ?Hay uno o varios metodos? 3. La discusion sobre el metodo en la investigacion educativa. A la primera pregunta, respondemos que hay metodo. Respondemos a la segunda senalando la necesidad de adoptar un pluralismo metodologico. La tercera seccion defiende que las discusiones sobre el metodo de investigacion educativa implican dimensiones ontologicas, epistemologicas y eticas que se han tornado criticas, y se hace una revision de cada una de ellas. En el apartado conclusivo, sugerimos algunas vias para desanudar esos asuntos criticos en la investigacion educativa. EnglishThis article deals with method and its relation to educational research. The objective is to analyze the relevance of method in human and social sciences, especially in education. To this end, we divide this article into three sections: 1. Is there a method? 2. Is there one or more methods? 3. The discussion on method in educational research. To the first question, we answer that there is a method. We answer the second question by pointing out the need to adopt methodological pluralism. The third section argues that discussions on the method of educational research involve ontological, epistemological, and ethical dimensions that have become critical, and a review is made of each of them. In the concluding section, we suggest some ways to disentangle these critical issues in educational research.

Indexación: Revista UNAB. El ámbito de las ciencias humanas, debido a su indefinición, tiende a albergar posturas cercanas a la posverdad, sin siquiera someterlas a escrutinio. El propósito de este artículo se ubica en este contexto. La pregunta que lo guía es si el conocimiento en ciencias humanas puede despedirse o renunciar a la búsqueda de la verdad y, de ser así, si aún conserva su carácter de conocimiento, aunque relativo, subjetivo e, incluso, irracional. Se optará por una vía alterna, es decir, se defenderá que no es necesario caer en el relativismo, el subjetivismo o el irracionalismo en ciencias humanas y que es posible un concepto de verdad que salvaguarde su especificidad. Para ello, se reconstruirán algunas polémicas recientes sobre el realismo y el antirrealismo en ciencias humanas; posteriormente, se recurrirá a la propuesta del pluralismo de la verdad, especialmente a la versión denominada pluralismo por correspondencia; finalmente se concluirá mostrando cómo a partir de ahí se pueden superar ciertas tensiones que se vislumbran en las discusiones epistemológicas sobre las ciencias humanas. Because of its lack of definition, the Human Sciences are prone to include views close to post-truth, without subjecting them to scrutiny. This paper explores the question of whether knowledge in Human Sciences could renounce the search for truth, and, if so, whether it would preserve its nature of knowledge despite it being relative, subjective, and irrational. I claim that it is not necessary to fall into relativism, subjectivism, or irrationalism in the Human Sciences and that a concept of Truth which preserves their specificity is possible. To support this claim, I begin by first reconstructing some recent polemics about realism and anti-realism in the Human Sciences. Second, I explore the Pluralist Theory of Truth, especially the Correspondence Pluralism. I conclude by showing how to overcome some tensions that we perceive in epistemological discussions about the Human Sciences.

Se plantea como objetivo de esta investigación la evaluación de las áreas metropolitanas de Santiago, Valparaíso y Concepción, con el fin de caracterizar las composiciones sociodemográficas de los sectores con mayor posibilidad de avance hacia la implementación de la ciudad de 15 minutos. Para ello, se realizó un levantamiento cartográfico de 24 funciones urbanas esenciales a menos de 15 minutos. Luego se construyeron perfiles sociodemográficos de dichas áreas, y como resultado se obtuvo un conjunto de mapas que visibilizan los barrios de cada ciudad donde es más factible implementar ciudades de 15 minutos. Los resultados reflejan la diferencia en la composición sociodemográfica de cada barrio para las áreas metropolitanas estudiadas. El aporte de este estudio es revisar la distancia que puede existir entre las conformaciones urbanas actuales de estas áreas metropolitanas, para proyectar un entorno de ciudad sustentable como el que pregonan las ciudades de 15 minutos

Se describe la aplicación de NIIF completas en el sector industrial profundizando en el análisis de ajustes por adopción, así como profundizando en la selección de en políticas el análisis contables. de ajustes Se por utilizó adopción, un enfoque así como mixto (cualitativo y cuantitativo) dentro de una investigación de tipo descriptiva, aplicando entrevistas, encuestas y análisis financiero para la recolección de información. Se presenta información sobre los principales ajustes por adopción de NIIF Completas en el Sector Industrial, en sus diferentes ramas y empresas de mayor impacto; y, las políticas de mayor aplicación en la adopción de NIIF en el Sector Industrial. En el análisis se empleó información financiera de 37 empresas industriales que han presentado sus Estados Financieros bajo NIIF Completas desde el 2008 al 2015, conforme base de datos pública de la Superintendencia de Compañías, encontrándose ajustes relevantes en: terrenos, edificios, depreciación acumulada de propiedad, planta y equipo, maquinaria, pasivos por impuesto diferidos e instalaciones. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer cuentas contables ajustadas durante la adopción de NIIF, empresas con mayor impacto, así como políticas contables relevantes en la presentación de estados financieros y en la medición de recursos. Los resultados de este análisis permitirán mejorar el conocimiento sobre la evolución de la información contable, sirviendo, también, como base de consulta sobre elementos importantes en la medición, control y presentación de información financiera en las ramas industriales.Palabras clave: Ajustes por adopción de NIIF en el sector industrial, NIIF, Políticas Contables de mayor aplicación, Ventajas y desventajas en la adopción de NIIF. AbstractThe application of full IFRS in the industrial sector described deepening the analysis of adjustments for adoption, as well as in the selection of accounting policies. Let us be a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative) within a descriptive research, applying interviews, surveys and financial analysis for the collection of information. Information on main adjustments for adoption of Full IFRS in the Industrial Sector, in its different branches and companies with the greatest impact; and, policies of greater application in the adoption of IFRS in the Industrial Sector. The analysis used financial information from 37 industrial companies that have presented their Financial Statements under Full IFRS from 2008 to 2015, according to public database of the Superintendence of Companies, with relevant adjustments being found in Land, Buildings, Accumulated Depreciation of Property, Plant and Equipment, Machinery, Deferred tax liabilities and Facilities. The objective of this work is to establish adjusted accounting accounts during the adoption of IFRS, companies with the greatest impact, as well as relevant accounting policies in the presentation of financial statements and in the measurement of resources. The results of this analysis improve knowledge about the evolution of accounting information; also serving as basis for consultation on important elements in the measurement, control and presentation of financial information in the industrial branches.Keywords: Adjustments for adoption of IFRS in the industrial sector, IFRS, Accounting Policies of greater application, Advantages and Disadvantages in the adoption of IFRS.

Resumen: El propósito de este artículo es exponer la tesis levinasiana de la inevitabilidad de lo dicho, teniendo como trasfondo algunas cuestiones epistemológicas que suscita. Para esto, se comienza presentando la contraposición que establece Levinas entre verdad del desvelamiento y verdad del testimonio, destacando sus diferencias más radicales. Posteriormente, teniendo la subjetividad como hilo conductor, se reconstruye el camino que relacionaría ambos tipos de verdad, mostrando cómo la tesis de la inevitabilidad de lo dicho adquiere relevancia en las discusiones epistemológicas. Finalmente, se concluye sugiriendo algunos aportes de esta reflexión para las consideraciones acerca de una racionalidad renovada.

Este articulo tiene como proposito analizar el rol de la norma subjetiva y del ecosistema universitario, y sus efectos en la intencion emprendedora de los estudiantes de las distintas carreras de la Facultad de Ciencias Economicas y Administrativas de la Universidad de Cuenca. Este trabajo de investigacion es parte del proyecto internacional “Potencial para el Emprendimiento Social en America Latina” de las universidades que conforman el Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP). La investigacion cuenta con una orientacion metodologica cuantitativa, herramientas como la encuesta y la revision bibliografica y tecnicas de analisis como: la regresion multiple, la mediacion estadistica y estadisticos descriptivos. Los resultados indican que un ecosistema universitario adecuado motiva y refuerza la intencion para llevar a cabo emprendimientos sociales, asi como la aprobacion por parte de familia, amigos y profesores para que el universitario emprenda, es fundamental.

Se determinaron las relaciones entre el desempeño académico y el uso de la plataforma Moodle en el Instituto Cibertec, institución ubicada en Lima, Perú, que imparte educación superior con 24 carreras técnicas profesionales presenciales, posee el programa Working Student que oferta a estudiantes con experiencia laboral cinco carreras profesionales, donde el 40% de la enseñanza se brinda en la modalidad online. Se empleó un diseño correlacional transversal, considerando una muestra de 46 alumnos, en el periodo académico 2017-II, las variables: desempeño académico y cuatro variables relacionadas con la plataforma Moodle: uso de la plataforma, gestión de contenidos, nivel de la comunicación y nivel de evaluación de la enseñanza recibida. Estas variables fueron medidas en escala ordinal con las modalidades bajo, regular y alto (o frecuente). Se utilizaron la correlación de Spearman y el Análisis de Correspondencias Múltiples. Los resultados corroboran que el desempeño académico se relaciona de manera positiva y significativa con las variables: uso de la plataforma Moodle, gestión de contenidos y nivel de evaluación de la metodología de enseñanza, tal como lo reportan estudios previos, pero no se correlaciona con el nivel de la comunicación, lo cual no es consistente con los hallazgos anteriores. Los resultados confirman la necesidad de cambiar del modelo tradicional de enseñanza, hacia un modelo centrado en el estudiante, tal como lo propone la teoría constructivista del aprendizaje y lo promueven diversas instituciones, entre las que destaca la UNESCO, como solución para mejorar la calidad de educación en los países en vías de desarrollo.

La política fiscal es uno de los aspectos económicos que mayor atención demanda del Estado y los sectores productivos, debido a la influencia que ejerce en el comportamiento de los agentes económicos; dentro de esta, los incentivos tributarios constituyen una herramienta de común aplicación con miras a impulsar la competitividad empresarial. El objetivo del estudio busca analizar el impacto que causan los beneficios fiscales sobre el desempeño financiero de las empresas en los sectores manufactura y comercio del Ecuador en el periodo 2015 - 2018. Mediante un análisis comparativo a través de indicadores financieros, y un modelo de regresión múltiple, se estudia el impacto de esta estrategia en la rentabilidad de las firmas. El estudio evidenció que las empresas que aplican incentivos tributarios reflejan una mejor posición financiera; y que, mientras menor es el tamaño de la firma se muestran mayores niveles de rentabilidad con relación a la inversión empresarial.

During the last decade, a considerable amount of effort has been made to classify variable stars using different machine learning techniques. Typically, light curves are represented as vectors of statistical descriptors or features that are used to train various algorithms. These features demand big computational powers that can last from hours to days, making impossible to create scalable and efficient ways of automatically classifying variable stars. Also, light curves from different surveys cannot be integrated and analyzed together when using features, because of observational differences. For example, having variations in cadence and filters, feature distributions become biased and require expensive data-calibration models. The vast amount of data that will be generated soon make necessary to develop scalable machine learning architectures without expensive integration techniques. Convolutional Neural Networks have shown impressing results in raw image classification and representation within the machine learning literature. In this work, we present a novel Deep Learning model for light curve classification, mainly based on convolutional units. Our architecture receives as input the differences between time and magnitude of light curves. It captures the essential classification patterns regardless of cadence and filter. In addition, we introduce a novel data augmentation schema for unevenly sampled time series. We test our method using three different surveys: OGLE-III; Corot; and VVV, which differ in filters, cadence, and area of the sky. We show that besides the benefit of scalability, our model obtains state of the art levels accuracy in light curve classification benchmarks., Comment: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Therapeutic inertia (TI) is the lack of initiation or intensification of treatment when indicated. It contributes to the fact that more than a third of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) do not have adequate metabolic control. We set out to analyze the impact of TI during 4 years of follow-up in a cohort of T2D and its possible variables.Prospective cohort study of a cohort of 297 TD2 patients. We considered TI when treatment was not modified during the 4 years, despite poor control. We contemplate uncontrolled those that did not meet their individualized HbA1c target.Uncontrolled patients: 87; age: 62.2 ± 9.2; 58.7% men. We consider TI in 41.6% of the patients. Average HbA1c 8.22% in patients with treatment intensification of which 43.1% achieved their HbA1c goal, 29.8% were on monotherapy at the beginning, 29.8% double, 36.2% triple and 2,1% in quadruple therapy. There was more change in treatment in people with obesity (67.6 vs. 34.6%; P 0.01) and the 6 of the study patients with cardiovascular events (P 0.05). Metformin was part of the treatment in 97.1% of IT cases (vs. 76.6%; P 0.01). Achievement of the HbA1c target was higher in patients receiving iSGLT2 (0 vs. 68.4%; P 0.001).In 2 out of 5 uncontrolled T2D patients, the treatment was not changed; this was more evident in those patients treated with metformin. Patients with obesity and presence of cardiovascular events seem to protect against IT. Those who were on iSGLT2 have an advantage in meeting their HbA1c target.

Data-driven methods for mental health treatment and surveillance have become a major focus in computational science research in the last decade. However, progress in the domain, in terms of both medical understanding and system performance, remains bounded by the availability of adequate data. Prior systematic reviews have not necessarily made it possible to measure the degree to which data-related challenges have affected research progress. In this paper, we offer an analysis specifically on the state of social media data that exists for conducting mental health research. We do so by introducing an open-source directory of mental health datasets, annotated using a standardized schema to facilitate meta-analysis., Comment: Originally submitted to ICWSM in January 2020. v1 updated November 2020. v2 updated April 2021, to appear at CLPsych 2021. Supplementary material at https://github.com/kharrigian/mental-health-datasets

El trabajo aborda los problemas de la tragedia, la invención y el cuerpo colonizado en las escrituras de los pensadores martiniqueses Aimé Césaire y Frantz Fanon. Para ello, en un primer momento nos detenemos en el vínculo que existe entre la tragedia de las experiencias de los cuerpo negros aludidos en las escrituras de los mentados autores con los controles y reificaciones de la modernidad colonial. En un segundo momento, discutimos la invención de la imagen poética de Cuaderno de un retorno al país natal de Césaire y cómo desde ella sobresale la agencia de un cuerpo propio en una reescritura crítica del Triángulo Atlántico. A continuación, en un tercer apartado, reflexionamos sobre la experiencia vivida de Fanon en su trabajo Piel negra, máscaras blanca con el objetivo de rastrear su talante trágico, autodestructivo, y su potencia inventiva. Finalmente se concluye que Césaire y Fanon hacen de la invención una posibilidad de construir otra imaginación histórica del cuerpo por fuera de los ordenamientos raciales de la modernidad colonial. This text addresses the problems of tragedy, invention and the colonized body in the writings of the martinican thinkers Aimé Césaire and Frantz Fanon. To do this, at first we stop at the link that exists between the tragedy of the experiences of the black bodies alluded to in the writings of the aforementioned authors with the controls and reifications of colonial modernity. In a second moment, we discuss the invention of poetic image in Césaire's Notebook of a Return to Native Land and how the agency of a body of its own excels out from it through a critical rewriting of the Atlantic Triangle. Next, in a third section, we reflect on Fanon's lived experience in his work Black skin, white masksin order to trace his tragic, self-destructive nature, and his inventive power. Finally, it is concluded that Césaire and Fanon make the invention a possibility of constructing another historical imagination of the body outside of the racial orders of colonial modernity. Fil: Aguirre Aguirre, Carlos Sergio Manuel. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Filosofía, Humanidades y Artes. Instituto de Filosofía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan; Argentina

Spurred by advances in machine learning and natural language processing, developing social media-based mental health surveillance models has received substantial recent attention. For these models to be maximally useful, it is necessary to understand how they perform on various subgroups, especially those defined in terms of protected characteristics. In this paper we study the relationship between user demographics – focusing on gender – and depression. Considering a population of Reddit users with known genders and depression statuses, we analyze the degree to which depression predictions are subject to biases along gender lines using domain-informed classifiers. We then study our models’ parameters to gain qualitative insight into the differences in posting behavior across genders.

Multiple studies have demonstrated that behavior on internet-based social media platforms can be indicative of an individual's mental health status. The widespread availability of such data has spurred interest in mental health research from a computational lens. While previous research has raised concerns about possible biases in models produced from this data, no study has quantified how these biases actually manifest themselves with respect to different demographic groups, such as gender and racial/ethnic groups. Here, we analyze the fairness of depression classifiers trained on Twitter data with respect to gender and racial demographic groups. We find that model performance systematically differs for underrepresented groups and that these discrepancies cannot be fully explained by trivial data representation issues. Our study concludes with recommendations on how to avoid these biases in future research., Comment: Accepted to EACL 2021

This chapter analyses current Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) policies in the Central American countries, with a focus on their conduciveness toward inclusive and sustainable development. This work is part of a larger “action agenda” for the build-up of policy design capabilities and policy implementation by the national STI organizations in the region, defined by a workshop that took place in Panama in 2019, organized by the National Secretariat for Science and Technology of Panama, and the Panamanian Association for the Advancement of Science, with the financial support of the International Development Research Center of Canada. The chapter analyzes the different national STI policy approaches while accounting for the regional diversity. It scans the horizontal and vertical policy instruments, their goal, and their linkages with broader developmental challenges. For the analysis, the chapter discusses the national development and STI plans, when available, and the specific STI policy instruments, and governance systems in place in Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Panama.

La entrevista propone abrir un debate sobre las formas de hacer historia de las bibliotecas en América Latina. Entre otros temas, Carlos Aguirre y Alejandro E. Parada dialogan sobre: (a) los vínculos entre las bibliotecas y las revoluciones de independencia; (b) las relaciones entre la historia de las bibliotecas y la historia intelectual; (c) los procesos de destrucción y dispersión de los patrimonios bibliográficos latinoamericanos. The interview proposes a discussion on the history of libraries in Latin America. Among other issues, Carlos Aguirre and Alejandro E. Parada talk about: (a) the links between libraries and the independence revolutions; (b) the relations between library history and intellectual history; (c) the processes of destruction and dispersion of Latin American bibliographic heritages. Fil: Planas, Javier. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.

Models for identifying depression using social media text exhibit biases towards different gender and racial/ethnic groups. Factors like representation and balance of groups within the dataset are contributory factors, but difference in content and social media use may further explain these biases. We present an analysis of the content of social media posts from different demographic groups. Our analysis shows that there are content differences between depression and control subgroups across demographic groups, and that temporal topics and demographic-specific topics are correlated with downstream depression model error. We discuss the implications of our work on creating future datasets, as well as designing and training models for mental health.

Exactitud diagnóstica de la prueba de provocación bronquial con metacolina

Asociación entre disfunción eréctil y gravedad de la obstrucción al flujo de aire en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica

Asma grave en una ciudad tropical a gran altitud

El artículo explora el concepto de Substitución, presente en la obra del Filósofo Emmanuel Levinas. El objetivo consiste en mostrar cómo a partir de tal concepto puede comprenderse la superación que el autor hace de la ontología a favor de la ética. Para lograr este objetivo se partirá, en primer lugar, de algunas precisiones previas al abordaje del problema. Posteriormente, se expondrá el concepto de substitución. Después, se discutirá en torno al lugar del sujeto en la relación para-otro. Finalmente, se harán unas consideraciones acerca de si, en efecto, se da una auténtica superación de la ontología a partir de la ética, en especial, a partir del concepto de Substitución.

Due to the low incidence of precipitation attributed to climate change, many high-altitude Andean lakes (HAALs) and lagoons distributed along the central Andes in South America may soon disappear. This includes La Brava&ndash, La Punta, a brackish lake system located south of the Salar de Atacama within a hyper-arid and halophytic biome in the Atacama Desert. Variations in the physicochemical parameters of the water column can induce changes in microbial community composition, which we aimed to determine. Sixteen sampling points across La Brava&ndash, La Punta were studied to assess the influence of water physicochemical properties on the aquatic microbial community, determined via 16S rRNA gene analysis. Parameters such as pH and the concentrations of silica, magnesium, calcium, salinity, and dissolved oxygen showed a more homogenous pattern in La Punta samples, whereas those from La Brava had greater variability, pH and total silica were significantly different between La Brava and La Punta. The predominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. The genera Psychroflexus (36.85%), Thiomicrospira (12.48%), and Pseudomonas (7.81%) were more abundant in La Brava, while Pseudospirillum (20.73%) and Roseovarius (17.20%) were more abundant in La Punta. Among the parameters, pH was the only statistically significant factor influencing the diversity within La Brava lake. These results complement the known microbial diversity and composition in the HAALs of the Atacama Desert.