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201. Chromosome number variation and phylogenetic divergence of East Asian Cirsium sect. Onotrophe subsect. Nipponocirsium (Compositae), with a new species from Taiwan.

Author

Chang, Chih-Yi, Liao, Pei-Chung, Tzeng, Hsy-Yu, Kusumi, Junko, Su, Zhi-Hui, and Tseng, Yen-Hsueh

Subjects
*LIFE sciences, *GLACIATION, *GENETIC variation, *CHROMOSOMES, *KARYOTYPES
Abstract

Background: This study explored chromosome number variation, phylogenetic divergence, and mechanisms underlying speciation in East Asian thistle Cirsium Mill. sect. Onotrophe (Cass.) DC. subsect. Nipponocirsium Kitam. (Compositae). The study focused on the newly identified species from Taiwan: Cirsium pengii Y.H. Tseng, P.C. Liao & Chih Y. Chang. Utilizing phylotranscriptomic data to reconstruct evolutionary relationships between the Taiwanese and Japanese taxa of Cirsium subsect. Nipponocirsium as well as their divergence times and chromosomal characteristics. Additionally, the chromosome number, morphology, and pollen morphology of the unknown Cirsium taxon are compared with other known subsect. Nipponocirsium taxa from Taiwan. Results: Phylotranscriptomic analysis reveals a division within subsect. Nipponocirsium into Japanese and Taiwanese clades. In the Taiwanese clade, C. pengii is basal, while C. tatakaense remains monophyletic with other Taiwanese species despite higher genetic diversity. The prevalent chromosome number in this subsection is tetraploid (2n = 4x = 68), common in Japanese taxa, while Taiwanese members have 2n = 4x = 64. Notably, C. pengii has a diploid number (2n = 32), indicating descending dysploidy followed by polyploidization in Taiwan. This polyploidization, driven by glaciations, likely shaped the evolution of Nipponocirsium. Divergence time estimates suggest the separation of Japanese and Taiwanese clades around 0.74 million years ago (Myr) during glacial periods. Cirsium pengii diverged around 0.47 Myr, while tetraploid species C. kawakamii and C. tatakaense diverged around 0.35 Myr. These species likely evolved in separate refugia, with distinct species boundaries confirmed through species delimitation analysis, karyotype, morphology, and pollen morphology comparisons. Conclusions: These findings enhance our understanding of chromosomal evolution and speciation within subsect. Nipponocirsium and underscore the importance of integrating transcriptomic data in phylogenetic studies. This study provides a comprehensive framework for further investigations into the genetic diversity and adaptive mechanisms of this ecologically vital group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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202. Possible Factors Concerning the Crossing of Formosan Ferret-Badger Rabies over the Daan River in Miaoli County, Taiwan.

Author

Lai, Cheng-Hung, Wang, Mei-Chuan, Hsu, Chia-Ning, Chang, Chun-Yi, Inoue, Satoshi, and Fei, Chang-Young

Subjects
RAINFALL, RABIES, ROADKILL, WATER supply, ENERGY industries, WATER diversion
Abstract

Simple Summary: From the initial outbreak of Formosan ferret-badger (FFB) rabies in Taiwain in 2013 until December 2022, the epizootic had remained continuously limited on the south side of the Daan River, which was considered as a natural barrier preventing the reservoir FFBs from crossing over. However, in 2023, cases of FFB rabies appeared in Miaoli County, located north of the Daan River. Several factors may have contributed to this crossing, including (1) decreased rainfall in the Daan River catchment in recent years, reducing water sources in FFB habitats and forcing FFBs to seek forage outside their mountain habitats; (2) the construction of the Shilin Weir in the upstream of Daan River, possibly leading to drought during the dry seasons, allowing reservoir FFBs to cross from the south side into Miaoli County; and (3) thehe unusually high incidence of FFB roadkills s during the 2023 rainy season, indicating an overall increase in FFB activity. These pieces of evidence supported the speculation that FFBs crossed the Daan River, introducing FFB rabies into Miaoli County. The first detection of Formosan ferret-badger (FFB) rabies on the main island of Taiwan occurred in July 2013. National surveillance reports indicated that prior to 2023, rabies outbreaks were limited to the southern region of the Daan River, which was considered a natural barrier preventing the spread northwards. However, in 2023, four new cases of rabid FFBs emerged in Miaoli County, located north of the Daan River, suggesting that the epizootic had crossed the river. Several factors may have contributed to the ability of reservoir FFBs to cross over the Daan River. Firstly, there was a decrease in rainfall in the upstream area of the Daan River in 2023. Secondly, the construction of the Shilin Weir by the Taiwan Power Company in the upstream area of the Daan River aimed to prioritize water diversion for hydropower generation while ensuring domestic water supply for Miaoli County and Taichung City. Lastly, there was an unusual increase in the number of roadkill FFBs during the rainy season of 2023. The decreased rainfall in FFB habitats in the mountains and the near-dry condition of the upstream Daan River caused by the Shilin Weir in 2023, allowing FFBs to easily cross the Daan River into Miaoli County. The evidence of unusually increased FFB activity in 2023 supports the speculation that FFBs crossed the Daan River, introducing FFB rabies into Miaoli County. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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204. Predicting network members from partial contact records on social media: A machine learning approach.

Author

Lai, Shu-Mei, Yen, Tso-Jung, Chang, Ming-Yi, Fu, Yang-chih, and Liu, Wei-Chung

Subjects
SOCIAL groups, SOCIAL media, STATISTICAL sampling, MACHINE learning, MIDDLE class
Abstract

Surveys conducted on social groups often generate incomplete information due to imperfect response rates. Drawing on Facebook data from a nationally representative sample of graduating college students in Taiwan, we examined the extent to which partial contact records predict which Facebook users belong to a specific class. We first used data from classes with low to middle response rates to train a model for classmate prediction. Based on data from classes with high or perfect response rates, we simulated data by using four different sampling methods with various response rates, and applied the trained model on simulated data to classmate prediction. With a minimal response rate of 40 percent, we achieved an accuracy rate of 90 percent and a true positive rate of 86 percent. Chronological order sampling had the best prediction performance, followed closely by popularity sampling, then by random sampling, and lastly by unpopularity sampling. • Sociological surveys often generate incomplete information. • A machine learning approach to identify members of a specific social group from incomplete social media data (Facebook). • Social media data from 40 % of the group members is sufficient to successfully identify 86 % of the group members. • Social media data from early respondents result in better models for membership prediction. • Social media data from popular members also result in better models for membership prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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205. Endoglin as a predictive biomarker for pemetrexed sensitivity in non-small-cell lung cancer: a cellular study.

Author

Cheng, Ching-Yuan, Chuang, Wen-Chen, Lin, Ching-Pin, Li, Che-Hsing, Chang, Hui-Yi, Wu, Wen-Jun, Wu, Ming-Fang, and Ko, Jiunn-Liang

Abstract

Objective: Based on our previous research, which demonstrated that elevated plasma endoglin (ENG) levels in lung cancer patients were associated with a better prognosis, increased sensitivity to pemetrexed, and enhanced tumor suppression, this study aims to validate these findings at the cellular level. The focus is on membrane and extracellular ENG and their influence on drug response and tumor cell behavior in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Methods: The correlation between ENG expression and pemetrexed-induced cytotoxicity in eight human non-squamous subtype NSCLC cell lines was analyzed. ENG in A549 and H1975 cells was knocked down using shRNA. MTT assay, cell cycle assay, western blot analysis, and boyden chamber assay were used to detect the effect of ENG on pemetrexed-induced cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution, and cell migration. Results: The expression of membrane ENG was positively correlated with pemetrexed-induced cytotoxicity in human NSCLC cells. Compared to pemetrexed-sensitive A549 cells, the A549/a400 (pemetrexed-resistant subline) cells exhibited a reduced accumulation of cells in the S phase, making them less susceptible to cell death. ENG knockdown also alleviated pemetrexed-induced S phase arrest and regulated G1/S phase-related proteins (p53, p21, CDK2, and Cyclin A). Additionally, co-treatment with recombinant ENG enhanced pemetrexed-induced migration inhibition in the sensitive cel1 line and cytotoxicity in the resistance cell line. Conclusion: The present results strengthened our prior clinical findings, showing that higher membrane ENG expression enhances pemetrexed-induced cytotoxicity and S phase arrest, which may involve the ENG-p21 pathway. Additionally, microenvironmental ENG enhanced the anti-migration of pemetrexed. These findings highlight the potential of ENG as a biomarker and therapeutic target, opening new avenues to improve the outcomes of non-squamous cell NSCLC treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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206. Time of Flight Distance Sensor–Based Construction Equipment Activity Detection Method

Author

Young-Jun Park and Chang-Yong Yi

Subjects
ToF distance sensor, equipment activity recognition, DCNN classification, piston movement, data transformation, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

In this study, we delve into a novel approach by employing a sensor-based pattern recognition model to address the automation of construction equipment activity analysis. The model integrates time of flight (ToF) sensors with deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) to accurately classify the operational activities of construction equipment, focusing on piston movements. The research utilized a one-twelfth-scale excavator model, processing the displacement ratios of its pistons into a unified dataset for analysis. Methodologically, the study outlines the setup of the sensor modules and their integration with a controller, emphasizing the precision in capturing equipment dynamics. The DCNN model, characterized by its four-layered convolutional blocks, was meticulously tuned within the MATLAB environment, demonstrating the model’s learning capabilities through hyperparameter optimization. An analysis of 2070 samples representing six distinct excavator activities yielded an impressive average precision of 95.51% and a recall of 95.31%, with an overall model accuracy of 95.19%. When compared against other vision-based and accelerometer-based methods, the proposed model showcases enhanced performance and reliability under controlled experimental conditions. This substantiates its potential for practical application in real-world construction scenarios, marking a significant advancement in the field of construction equipment monitoring.

Published
2024
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207. From indirect to direct contacts on Facebook: A big-data approach to the making of triadic network closure

Author

Lee, Hsuan-Wei, Chang, Ming-Yi, Chou, Wan-Yu, Hwang, Jing-Shiang, and Fu, Yang-Chih

Subjects
Big data -- Usage -- Social aspects, Online social networks -- Evaluation, Anthropology/archeology/folklore, Sociology and social work
Abstract

The rise of the Big Data paradigm has made it more feasible to track how personal networks evolve on social media, where auto-generated contact records and fine-grained temporal data sequences help capture how and when interpersonal ties and contacts change their roles. Using a sample of matched survey data and social media records, we investigated the mechanisms by which indirect contacts ('degree-2 alters') transform into direct contacts ('degree-1 alters') from a Facebook user's (ego's) point of view. To highlight the temporal sequences, we assigned different roles to the same alters depending on how each of them is connected with ego at different periods of time. Multilevel event history analyses pinpoint several online actions and network features of ego, degree-1 alters, and degree-2 alters, as the key factors that contribute to the transformation from indirect contacts into direct contacts. L'essor du paradigme du Big Data a rendu plus realisable le suivi de Devolution des reseaux personnels sur les medias sociaux, ou les enregistrements de contacts generes automatiquement et les sequences de donnees temporelles a grain fin permettent de saisir comment et quand les liens interpersonnels et les contacts changent de role. A l'aide d'un echantillon de donnees d'enquete et d'enregistrements de medias sociaux apparies, nous avons etudie les mecanismes par lesquels les contacts indirects ('alterations de degre 2') se transforment en contacts directs ('alterations de degre 1') du point de vue d'un utilisateur de Facebook (ego). Pour mettre en evidence les sequences temporelles, nous avons attribue des roles differents aux memes alters en fonction de la facon dont chacun d'entre eux est connecte avec ego a differentes periodes de temps. Les analyses multiniveaux de l'historique des evenements mettent en evidence plusieurs actions en ligne et caracteristiques du reseau d'ego, des alters de degre 1 et des alters de degre 2, comme etant les facteurs cles qui contribuent a la transformation des contacts indirects en contacts directs., INTRODUCTION When social connections spread extensively by various technological devices of communication, interpersonal ties and contacts in particular may transit more readily on social media. For instance, an indirect tie [...]

Published
2022
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213. Learning to Be a Writer: A Spherical Video-Based Virtual Reality Approach to Supporting Descriptive Article Writing in High School Chinese Courses

Author

Huang, Hsiu-Ling, Hwang, Gwo-Jen, and Chang, Ching-Yi

Abstract

In language education, the development of writing capability is an important and challenging teaching objective. Writing performance is related not only with students' comprehension and expression of texts, but also their experience and perceptions of the contexts. Descriptive article writing is a basic writing activity; the content includes concrete understanding and perceptions of space, time, and contexts. However, in the traditional language teaching activities, there is usually no chance for students to have in-depth feelings about the contexts of a topic. This usually results in low learning motivation and limited expression during the writing process. Therefore, the present study attempted to adopt spherical video-based virtual reality (SVVR) to enable students to have in-depth experience and perceptions and to facilitate their learning effectiveness. Based on this approach, a Chinese writing SVVR learning system was developed and a quasi-experiment was conducted to compare the effects of the proposed approach and the conventional technology-supported learning approach in a senior high school writing class. The findings show that the proposed SVVR writing approach could improve students' writing performance in terms of content and appearance as well as their creativity tendency and writing self-efficacy, while also reducing their cognitive load.

Published
2020
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214. A Review of Using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling in E-Learning Research

Author

Lin, Hung-Ming, Lee, Min-Hsien, Liang, Jyh-Chong, Chang, Hsin-Yi, Huang, Pinchi, and Tsai, Chin-Chung

Abstract

Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) has become a key multivariate statistical modeling technique that educational researchers frequently use. This paper reviews the uses of PLS-SEM in 16 major e-learning journals, and provides guidelines for improving the use of PLS-SEM as well as recommendations for future applications in e-learning research. A total of 53 articles using PLS-SEM published in January 2009-August 2019 are reviewed. We assess these published applications in terms of the following key criteria: reasons for using PLS-SEM, model characteristics, sample characteristics, model evaluations and reporting. Our results reveal that small sample size and nonnormal data are the first two major reasons for using PLS-SEM. Moreover, we have identified how to extend the applications of PLS-SEM in the e-learning research field.

Published
2020
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215. Students' Context-Specific Epistemic Justifications, Prior Knowledge, Engagement, and Socioscientific Reasoning in a Mobile Augmented Reality Learning Environment

Author

Chang, Hsin-Yi, Liang, Jyh-Chong, and Tsai, Chin-Chung

Abstract

We engaged 47 eighth-grade students in a newly developed learning environment that integrates mobile augmented reality (AR) technology to support students' learning of nuclear energy use and radiation pollution, a topic related to a socioscientific issue (SSI) that involves complex reasoning considering scientific evidence and multiple perspectives. We employ the partial least squares structural equation modeling to investigate how the students' context-specific epistemic justification and prior knowledge contributed to their engagement in the learning environment and socioscientific reasoning (SSR) performance after the learning. Data collected include students' responses to the knowledge pretest that assessed students' prior knowledge related to the SSI, the pretest survey that measured students' context-specific epistemic justifications, the Cognitive and Emotional Engagement Survey (CEES) right after the end of the AR activities that measured students' self-reported cognitive and emotional engagement, and the posttest that measured students' socioscientific reasoning performance. The results indicate that students' context-specific epistemic justifications can predict their engagement in the environment, and that prior knowledge and belief in justification by authority can predict students' SSR performance, but in different directions. The results provide insights into how to support students with different personal characteristics to learn with AR technology about SSI, and contribute to a model of personal epistemology within the environment of integrating AR technology for the learning of SSI.

Published
2020
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216. From Experiencing to Critical Thinking: A Contextual Game-Based Learning Approach to Improving Nursing Students' Performance in Electrocardiogram Training

Author

Chang, Ching-Yi, Kao, Chien-Huei, Hwang, Gwo-Jen, and Lin, Fu-Huang

Abstract

The Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the important tools for diagnosing myocardial infarction. The ECG training course aims to help nurses establish basic competence in interpreting ECG readings. However, in traditional instruction, learners usually have difficulty memorizing the meanings of different ECG wave forms, which could represent clinical symptoms, or even life-threatening conditions/arrhythmia. Some serious problems could cause death if the nursing staff do not make correct judgments in time. This paper reports an explorative study which investigated a novel pedagogy for nursing school students' ECG learning performance using a contextual game. A 2 week experiment was conducted to compare the learning performances of the nursing students who played the ECG contextual game and those who learned with traditional instruction. The experimental results show that the students learning with the contextual game showed better learning performance, attitude, motivation, and critical thinking tendency than those who received the traditional instruction.

Published
2020
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217. Facilitating Students' Critical Thinking and Decision Making Performances: A Flipped Classroom for Neonatal Health Care Training

Author

Chang, Ching-Yi, Kao, Chien-Huei, and Hwang, Gwo-Jen

Abstract

In various case-based training courses, such as engineering, science and medical courses, students need to learn not only the skills to deal with problems, but also the knowledge to identify problems and make correct decisions. Such educational objectives have been recognized by educators as being important but challenging. In this study, an RSI (Recognize, Summarize, Inquire)-based flipped classroom is proposed to achieve this aim. Moreover, an explorative study was designed to probe the effectiveness of the proposed approach in a nursing case-based training course. The case-handling performances of the students trained with the RSI-based flipped classroom and those trained with the conventional flipped classroom were compared. The findings reveal that the RSI-based flipped classroom promoted the students' learning achievement, self-efficacy, critical thinking, and satisfaction more than the conventional case-based training did.

Published
2020

218. Quantification of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the shade and in direct sunlight

Author

Saric-Bosanac, Suzana S, Clark, Ashley K, Nguyen, Victoria, Pan, Adrianne, Chang, Fang-Yi, Li, Chin-Shang, and Sivamani, Raja K

Subjects
ultraviolet, UV, radiation, skin cancer, sunlight, shade
Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is associated with negative health effects, including sun damage and skin cancer. The purpose of this study is to compare the protective effects of the shade provided by a sun umbrella versus that provided by a tree. Sun sensors that register the level and dose of UV radiation were placed in the shade and in direct sunlight. Measurements were recorded every half hour between the hours of 12:30 p.m. and 3:00 p.m. in Sacramento, California. The results suggest that the level of UV radiation in the shade is not zero. The sensors located in tree shade indicated that over 5% of UV radiation was detected in the shade. The sensors located in sun-umbrella shade showed that greater than 17% of UV radiation reached the shade. The sun sensors used in our study collected UV radiation data relevant to UV index; however, they did not differentiate between UVA, UVB, visible, and infrared light. The amount of UV radiation detected in the shade is not zero, thus regular sunscreen use and other sun protective practices should be followed to reduce the risk of sun damage and skin cancer.

Published
2019

220. Global, regional, and national consumption of animal-source foods between 1990 and 2018: findings from the Global Dietary Database

Author

Abbott, Pamela, Abdollahi, Morteza, Abedi, Parvin, Abumweis, Suhad, Adair, Linda, Al Nsour, Mohannad, Al-Daghri, Nasser, Al-Hamad, Nawal, Al-Hooti, Suad, Al-Zenki, Sameer, Alam, Iftikhar, Ali, Jemal H, Alissa, Eman, Anderson, Simon, Anzid, Karim, Arambepola, Carukshi, Arici, Mustafa, Arsenault, Joanne, Asciak, Renzo, Barbieri, Helene E, Barengo, Noël, Barquera, Simon, Bas, Murat, Becker, Wulf, Beer-Borst, Sigrid, Bergman, Per, Biró, Lajos, Boindala, Sesikeran, Bovet, Pascal, Bradshaw, Debbie, Bukhary, Noriklil BI, Bundhamcharoen, Kanitta, Caballero, Mauricio, Calleja, Neville, Cao, Xia, Capanzana, Mario, Carmikle, Jan, Castetbon, Katia, Castro, Michelle, Cerdena, Corazon, Chang, Hsing-Yi, Charlton, Karen, Chen, Yu, Chen, Mei F, Chiplonkar, Shashi, Cho, Yoonsu, Chuah, Khun-Aik, Costanzo, Simona, Cowan, Melanie, Damasceno, Albertino, Dastgiri, Saeed, De Henauw, Stefaan, DeRidder, Karin, Ding, Eric, Dommarco, Rivera, Don, Rokiah, Duante, Charmaine, Duleva, Vesselka, Duran Aguero, Samuel, Ekbote, Veena, El Ati, Jalila, El Hamdouchi, Asmaa, El-kour, Tatyana, Eldridge, Alison, Elmadfa, Ibrahim, Esteghamati, Alireza, Etemad, Zohreh, Fadzil, Fariza, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandez, Anne, Fernando, Dulitha, Fisberg, Regina, Forsyth, Simon, Gamboa-Delgado, Edna, Garriguet, Didier, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gauci, Dorothy, Geleijnse, Marianne, Ginnela, Brahmam, Grosso, Giuseppe, Guessous, Idris, Gulliford, Martin, Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg, Hadden, Wilbur, Hadziomeragic, Aida, Haerpfer, Christian, Hakeem, Rubina, Haque, Aminul, Hashemian, Maryam, Hemalatha, Rajkumar, Henjum, Sigrun, Hinkov, Hristo, Hjdaud, Zaiton, Hoffman, Daniel, Hopping, Beth, Houshiar-rad, Anahita, Hsieh, Yao-Te, Hung, Shu-Yi, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla C, Ibrahim, Hajah M, Ikeda, Nayu, Illescas-Zarate, Daniel, Inoue, Manami, Janakiram, Chandrashekar, Jayawardena, Ranil, Jeewon, Rajesh, Jitnarin, Nattinee, Johansson, Lars, Jonsdottir, Olof, Jundishapur, Ahvaz, Kally, Ola, Kandiah, Mirnalini, Karupaiah, Tilakavati, Keinan-Boker, Lital, Kelishadi, Roya, Khadilkar, Anuradha, Kim, Cho-il, Koksal, Eda, Konig, Jurgen, Korkalo, Liisa, Koster, Jeremy, Kovalskys, Irina, Krishnan, Anand, Kruger, Herculina, Kuriyan-Raj, Rebecca, Kweon, Sanghui, Lachat, Carl, Lai, Yuen, Lanerolle, Pulani, Laxmaiah, Avula, Leclercq, Catherine, Lee, Meei-Shyuan, Lee, Hae-Jeung, Lemming, Eva W, Li, Yanping, Lindström, Jaana, Ling, Annie, Liputo, Nur IL, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Luke, Amy, Lukito, Widjaja, Lupotto, Elisabette, Ma, Yi, Mahdy, Zaleha A, Malekzadeh, Reza, Manan, Wan, Marchioni, Dirce, Marques, Lydia L, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Martin-Prevel, Yves, Mathee, Angie, Matsumura, Yasuhiro, Mazumdar, Paramita, Memon, Anjum, Mensink, Gert, Meyer, Alexa, Mirmiran, Parvin, Mirzaei, Masoud, Misra, Puneet, Misra, Anoop, Mitchell, Claudette, Mohamed, Hamid JBJ, Mohammadi-Nasrabadi, Fatemeh, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Moy, Foong M, Musaiger, Abdulrahman, Mwaniki, Elizabeth, Myhre, Jannicke, Nagalla, Balakrishna, Naska, Androniki, Ng, Swee A, Ng, Shu W, Ngoan, Le TN, Noshad, Sina, Ochoa, Angelica, Ocke, Marga, Odenkirk, Jillian, Oh, Kyungwon, Oleas, Mariana, Olivares, Sonia, Orfanos, Philippos, Ortiz-Ulloa, Johana, Otero, Johanna, Ovaskainen, Marja-Leena, Pakseresht, Mohammadreza, Palacios, Cristina, Palmer, Pam, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panagiotakos, Demosthenes, Parajuli, Rajendra, Park, Myungsook, Pekcan, Gulden, Petrova, Stefka, Piaseu, Noppawan, Pitsavos, Christos, Polasa, Kalpagam, Posada, Luz, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Preston, Alan M, Rached, Ingrid, Rahbar, Ali R, Rehm, Colin, Richter, Almut, Riley, Leanne, Salanave, Benoit, Sánchez-Romero, Luz M, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sawada, Norie, Sekiyama, Makiko, Selamat, Rusidah, Shamsuddin, Khadijah, Shariff, Zalilah M, Sharma, Sangita, Sibai, Abla M, Sinkko, Harri, Sioen, Isabelle, Sisa, Ivan, Skeaff, Sheila, Steingrimsdottir, Laufey, Strand, Tor, Suarez-Ortegon, Milton F, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Swan, Gillian, Sygnowska, Elzbieta, Szabo, Maria, Szponar, Lucjan, Tan-Khouw, Ilse, Tapanainen, Heli, Tayyem, Reema, Tedla, Bemnet, Tedstone, Alison, Templeton, Robert, Termote, Celine, Thanopoulou, Anastasia, Thorgeirsdottir, Holmfridur, Thorsdottir, Inga, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Turrini, Aida, van Oosterhout, Coline, Vartiainen, Erkki, Veerman, J Lennert, Virtanen, Suvi, Vollenweider, Peter, Vossenaar, Marieke, Waidyatilaka, Indu, Waskiewicz, Anna, Waterham, Eveline, Wieler, Lothar, Wondwossen, Tizita, Wu, Suh, Yaakub, Roseyati, Yap, Mabel, Yusof, Safiah, Zaghloul, Sahar, Zajkás, Gábor, Zapata, Maria, Zarina, Khairul, Zohoori, Fatemeh V, Miller, Victoria, Reedy, Julia, Cudhea, Frederick, Zhang, Jianyi, Shi, Peilin, Erndt-Marino, Josh, Coates, Jennifer, Micha, Renata, Webb, Patrick, and Mozaffarian, Dariush

Published
2022
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227. Global Genome Diversity and Recombination in Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Author

Hsieh, Yu-Chia, Li, Shiao-Wen, Chen, Yi-Yin, Kuo, Ching-Chia, Chen, Yin-Cheng, Chang, Ian Yi-Feng, Pan, Yi-Jiun, Li, Ting-Hsuan, Chiang, Ruei-Lin, Huang, Ya-Yu, and Liao, Wei-Chao

Subjects
Research, Genetic aspects, Natural history, Causes of, Microbial drug resistance -- Research, Medical research, Mycoplasma pneumoniae -- Genetic aspects -- Natural history, Genetic recombination -- Research, Childhood pneumonia -- Causes of, Medicine, Experimental, Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Research, Pneumonia in children -- Causes of
Abstract

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a major pathogen causing community-acquired pneumonia, has a reduced genome of [approximately equal to]800 kb, which has been relatively stable over time and geographic distance (1). Widespread use [...]

Published
2022
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235. Global, regional, and national mortality among young people aged 10–24 years, 1950–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Ward, Joseph L, Azzopardi, Peter S, Francis, Kate Louise, Santelli, John S, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sawyer, Susan M, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Mokdad, Ali H, Hay, Simon I, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdoli, Amir, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abedi, Aidin, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adham, Davoud, Advani, Shailesh M, Afshari, Khashayar, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Anwar E, Aji, Budi, Akombi-Inyang, Blessing, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun, Al-Hajj, Samar, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Saqib, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Almasri, Nihad A, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Alonso, Jordi, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Saeed, Aminorroaya, Arya, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Amugsi, Dickson A, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari, Iman, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anvari, Davood, Anwer, Razique, Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Ärnlöv, Johan, Asaad, Malke, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Ausloos, Marcel, Avenyo, Elvis Korku, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Azari, Samad, Azene, Zelalem Nigussie, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash Chandra, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye, Bell, Arielle Wilder, Bell, Michelle L, Benjet, Corina, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhe, Abadi Kidanemariam, Berhe, Kidanemaryam, Berman, Adam E, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Biondi, Antonio, Birhanu, Tesega Tesega Mengistu, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao, Boloor, Archith, Borschmann, Rohan, Boufous, Soufiane, Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi, Braithwaite, Dejana, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Britton, Gabrielle B, Burns, Richard A, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Campuzano Rincon, Julio Cesar, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cerin, Ester, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chang, Hsing-Yi, Chang, Jung-Chen, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Sarika, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chung, Michael T, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Cicuttini, Flavia M, Constantin, Traian Vasile, Costa, Vera Marisa, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Dai, Haijiang, Dai, Xiaochen, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davletov, Kairat, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, De Leo, Diego, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Desai, Rupak, Desalew, Assefa, Deuba, Keshab, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Didarloo, Alireza, Djalalinia, Shirin, Dorostkar, Fariba, Doshi, Chirag P, Doshmangir, Leila, Doyle, Kerrie E, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad, Ebtehaj, Sanam, Edvardsson, David, El Tantawi, Maha, Elgendy, Islam Y, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I, Elsharkawy, Aisha, Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Esmaeilzadeh, Firooz, Esteghamati, Sadaf, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fattahi, Nazir, Feigin, Valery L, Ferede, Tomas Y, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferrara, Pietro, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fisher, James L, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich, Foroutan, Masoud, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gad, Mohamed M, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gallus, Silvano, Gebre, Teshome, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gebremeskel, Leake, Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghamari, Farhad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Godinho, Myron Anthony, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goli, Srinivas, Gona, Philimon N, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gorini, Giuseppe, Grivna, Michal, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hall, Brian J, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamagharib Abdullah, Kanaan, Hamidi, Samer, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Hanif, Asif, Hankey, Graeme J, Haririan, Hamidreza, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hassan, Amr, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Herteliu, Claudiu, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, Ho, Hung Chak, Hole, Michael K, Holla, Ramesh, Hoogar, Praveen, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hsairi, Mohamed, Huda, Tanvir M, Humayun, Ayesha, Hussain, Rabia, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Intarut, Nirun, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, M Mofizul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iso, Hiroyasu, Ivers, Rebecca Q, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalali, Amir, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Ji, John S, Jonas, Jost B, Jones, Kelly M, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Juliusson, Petur B, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kalankesh, Leila R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamyari, Naser, Kanchan, Tanuj, Karch, André, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Kaur, Supreet, Kayode, Gbenga A, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Khalid, Nauman, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Mona M, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khazaie, Habibolah, Khoja, Abdullah T, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Young-Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kivimäki, Mika, Koolivand, Ali, Kosen, Soewarta, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Kumar, Nithin, Kurmi, Om P, Kusuma, Dian, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lan, Qing, Landires, Iván, Lansingh, Van Charles, Larsson, Anders O, Lasrado, Savita, Lassi, Zohra S, Lauriola, Paolo, Lee, Paul H, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Leigh, James, Leonardi, Matilde, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Lewycka, Sonia, Li, Bingyu, Li, Ming-Chieh, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Xuefeng, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Maddison, Ralph, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Mahdavi, Mokhtar Mahdavi, Mahmoudi, Morteza, Majeed, Azeem, Maleki, Afshin, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martinez, Gabriel, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mason-Jones, Amanda J, Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra, Mathur, Manu Raj, Maulik, Pallab K, McGrath, John J, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mehri, Fereshteh, Memiah, Peter T N, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mengesha, Endalkachew Worku, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Miller, Ted R, Mini, GK, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirzaei, Hamed, Mirzaei, Maryam, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Dara K, Mohammadi, Shadieh, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mohammed, Shafiu, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Moraga, Paula, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mosapour, Abbas, Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, Muriithi, Moses K, Murray, Christopher J L, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, Nangia, Vinay, Nayak, Vinod C, Nazari, Javad, Ndejjo, Rawlance, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Netsere, Henok Biresaw, Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, Nguyen, Diep Ngoc, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nie, Jing, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Nomura, Shuhei, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nowak, Christoph, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladnabi, Morteza, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Muktar Omer, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Ortiz, Alberto, Otoiu, Adrian, Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, Øverland, Simon, Owolabi, Mayowa O, P A, Mahesh, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakshir, Keyvan, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Anamika, Panelo, Carlo Irwin Able, Park, Eun-Kee, Patten, Scott B, Peden, Amy E, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Peprah, Emmanuel K, Pereira, Jeevan, Pesudovs, Konrad, Pham, Hai Quang, Phillips, Michael R, Piradov, Michael A, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Postma, Maarten J, Pottoo, Faheem Hyder, Pourjafar, Hadi, Pourshams, Akram, Prada, Sergio I, Pupillo, Elisabetta, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Rabiee, Mohammad Hasan, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rafiee, Ata, Raggi, Alberto, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Ramezanzadeh, Kiana, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashedi, Vahid, Rastogi, Prateek, Rathi, Priya, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawal, Lal, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Nima, Rezai, Mohammad sadegh, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Rickard, Jennifer, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roth, Gregory A, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rumisha, Susan Fred, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, Sabour, Siamak, Sachdev, Perminder S, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, S Mohammad, Salem, Marwa Rashad, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sarveazad, Arash, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Sattin, Davide, Saxena, Deepak, Saxena, Sonia, Schiavolin, Silvia, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Sha, Feng, Shafaat, Omid, Shahabi, Saeed, Shaheen, Amira A, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shakiba, Saeed, Shamsi, MohammadBagher, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shetty, B Suresh Kumar, Shi, Peilin, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Shuval, Kerem, Siabani, Soraya, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Simonetti, Biagio, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Virendra, Sinke, Abiy H, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Slater, Helen, Smith, Emma U R, Sobhiyeh, Mohammad Reza, Sobngwi, Eugene, Soheili, Amin, Somefun, Oluwaseyi Dolapo, Sorrie, Muluken Bekele, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stein, Dan J, Stokes, Mark A, Sudaryanto, Agus, Sultan, Iyad, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taherkhani, Amir, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, Tareque, Md Ismail, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thapar, Rekha, Thomas, Nihal, Titova, Mariya Vladimirovna, Tonelli, Marcello, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Travillian, Ravensara S, Tsai, Alexander C, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Uddin, Riaz, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Upadhyay, Era, Vacante, Marco, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Villeneuve, Paul J, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasily, Vos, Theo, Vu, Giang Thu, Waheed, Yasir, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Yafeng, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wu, Ai-Min, Wu, Chenkai, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaya, Sanni, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yeshitila, Yordanos Gizachew, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefinezhadi, Taraneh, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Yong, Yuce, Deniz, Zaidi, Syed Saoud, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamani, Mohammad, Zamanian, Maryam, Zarafshan, Hadi, Zarei, Ahmad, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhao, Xiu-Ju George, Zhu, Cong, Patton, George C, and Viner, Russell M

Published
2021
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245. High-Frequency Pulsed Laser Driver Using Complementary GaN HEMTs

Author

Liu, Ching-Yao, Lin, Chun-Hsiung, Kuo, Hao-Chung, Tang, Li-Chuan, Hong, Yu-Heng, Tu, Chang-Ching, Chang, Edward-Yi, and Chieng, Wei-Hua

Abstract

This article attempts to disclose a high-efficiency laser driver that controls laser sources for high-frequency light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications. The specific LiDAR requisites encompass a 20-MHz laser repetition rate, a 10-ns pulse duration, and an instantaneous power of 50 W. The power efficiency of a LiDAR used in autonomous vehicles is critical, which shall yield a total input power within 15 W. To enhance power efficiency, a half-bridge pulse laser drive is proposed, featuring a depletion mode gallium nitride (D-mode GaN) transistor on the high-side and an enhancement mode (E-mode) GaN transistor on the low-side. A high-side gate drive is also introduced and analyzed for the D-mode GaN transistor, which can greatly minimize oscillation during laser-pulse capacitor charging due to no body diode effect. Key efficiency factors include the equivalent series resistance of multilayer ceramic capacitor, high-side transistor switching loss, and transistor resistive loss. A peak efficiency of 75% is found at the compromise of all losses, which is verified in both theoretical and experimental methods. The pulse laser drive operation is proven to be stable in the experiments over a wide range of laser repetition rates from 10 kHz to 20 MHz.

Published
2025
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246. A Situation-Based Flipped Classroom to Improving Nursing Staff Performance in Advanced Cardiac Life Support Training Course

Author

Chang, Bieng-Yi, Chang, Ching-Yi, Hwang, Gwo-Haur, and Kuo, Fan-Ray

Abstract

The Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) training aims to help nurses establish the basic competence of the comprehension of electrocardiograms (ECG/ EKG). However, learners usually have difficulty memorizing the meanings of different EKG waveforms, which could represent clinical symptoms or even the feeling of dying, via traditional instruction. Some serious problems could lead to death if the nursing staff do not make correct judgments and provide timely treatment. Thus, this paper reports an explorative study investigating the effects of a flipped classroom approach on nursing staffs' ACLS learning achievement. A 2-week experiment was conducted to compare the learning achievement of the nursing staff who learned with the ACLS situation-based flipped classroom approach to those who learned with the ACLS traditional flipped approach. The experimental results show that the nursing staff who learned with the proposed approach had better learning achievements, motivation, and satisfaction than those who learned with the ACLS traditional flipped approach.

Published
2019
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