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It is believed that the health of our body is totally dependent on the health of our cells. The\ud cell is the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all known living organisms. Cells consist\ud of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane. The membrane pulses at a certain frequency with certain\ud magnitudes. More cell pulse activity there is, the more active, energetic and healthier cells are. Human\ud and other animals live in an earth environment of extremely low natural frequencies (ELF).The earth\ud produces these both high in the atmosphere (Schumann (7.83Hz)) as well as on and below the planet's\ud surface (Geomagnetic (10 Hz)). Schumann and Geomagnetic frequencies are vital to the wellbeing of\ud all living things. It is believed that if we are in an environment with bioinspired\ud electromagnetic\ud signals generated by mimicking natural earth and body cells frequencies (ELF's), then our cells will\ud be more energetic and active, providing greater health.\ud In this paper, an innovative bionic system will be presented. This system can be used to generate bioinspired\ud electromagnetic fields (BPEF) by mimicking natural Earth, body frequencies and strengths.\ud This innovative bioinspired\ud system has been applied for the health enhancement of humans, equines\ud and pets etc. A number of case studies will be present to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness\ud of the system. Various experiments have been carried out. The experimental results have shown that\ud this innovative bioinspired\ud system works efficiently and effectively in enhancing human and animal\ud health. It has been proven that this bioinspired\ud system can be effectively applied to many areas such\ud as (1) human health enhancement and illness treatment, (2) pet health enhancement, (3) equine health\ud treatment and (4) reduction or elimination of 'jet lag'.

All cells in the body need Calcium, Oxygen, Glucose, Potassium and Magnesium etc., to\ud correctly function. Calcium, Oxygen and Glucose are essential for the production of ATP\ud (Adenosine Triphosphate). ATP is the basic ‘fuel’ needed to drive the mitochondria that are\ud the cells’ main energy producers. So it is very important that cells are able to produce enough\ud ATP. The more ATP that is produced, the healthier cells are and the healthier we are. It is\ud also known that electromagnetic signals have considerable effects on ATP levels. If ATP can\ud be measured, then the cells’ healthiness can be defined and evaluated. So it is necessary to\ud investigate how to measure ATP, the effects of bio-inspired electro-magnetic signals on ATP\ud levels and the relationships between ATP and cells’ health (human health). There has been a\ud lot of research on ATP, however, as far as the authors are aware, there has been limited\ud research on how to measure ATP and the effects of electromagnetic fields on ATP, especially,\ud the effects of bio-inspired electromagnetic fields. In this paper, certain equipment for\ud measuring ATP for hygiene monitoring is employed to measure the ATP levels of a number\ud of people with and without bio-inspired pulsed electromagnetic fields (BIPEF) to investigate\ud how BIPEF influence the ATP levels of people and by directly connecting their health.\ud The test results show that most people's ATP levels are significantly increased (up to 600%\ud increase) after they stayed in the BIPEF for a period of about 20 minutes. The averages of\ud ATP% increase are 241% for British group and 111% for Chinese group. The findings\ud confirm that the BIPEF does have significant effects on people's ATP levels. This means that\ud the cellular biosynthesis processes of those people in the bio-inspired pulsed electromagnetic\ud fields have been enhanced. So their energy and health are positively affected.

With the advanced development of computer-based enabling technologies, many engineering, medical, biology, chemistry, physics and food science etc have developed to the unprecedented levels, which lead to many research and development interests in various multi-discipline areas. Among them, biomimetics is one of the most promising and attractive branches of study. Biomimetics is a branch of study that uses biological systems as a model to develop synthetic systems. To learn from nature, one of the fundamental issues is to understand the natural systems such animals, insects, plants and human beings etc. The geometrical characterisation and representation of natural systems is an important fundamental work for biomimetics research. 3D modeling plays a key role in the geometrical characterisation and representation, especially in computer graphical visualization. This chapter firstly presents the typical procedure of 3D modelling methods and then reviews the previous work of 3D geometrical modelling techniques and systems developed for industrial, medical and animation applications. Especially the chapter discusses the problems associated with the existing techniques and systems when they are applied to 3D modelling of biological systems. In addition, the chapter also presents two case studies of authors' own work. Based upon the discussions, the chapter proposes some areas of research interests in 3D modelling of biological systems and for Biomimetics.

With the advanced development of computer-based enabling technologies,\ud many engineering, medical, biology, chemistry, physics and food\ud science etc have developed to the unprecedented levels, which lead to\ud many research and development interests in various multi-discipline\ud areas. Among them, biomimetics is one of the most promising and\ud attractive branches of study. Biomimetics is a branch of study that\ud uses biological systems as a model to develop synthetic systems. To\ud learn from nature, one of the fundamental issues is to understand\ud the natural systems such animals, insects, plants and human beings\ud etc. The geometrical characterisation and representation of natural\ud systems is an important fundamental work for biomimetics research.\ud 3D modeling plays a key role in the geometrical characterisation and\ud representation, especially in computer graphical visualization. This\ud chapter firstly presents the typical procedure of 3D modelling methods\ud and then reviews the previous work of 3D geometrical modelling\ud techniques and systems developed for industrial, medical and animation\ud applications. Especially the chapter discusses the problems associated\ud with the existing techniques and systems when they are applied to 3D\ud modelling of biological systems. In addition, the chapter also presents\ud two case studies of authors’ own work. Based upon the discussions, the\ud chapter proposes some areas of research interests in 3D modelling of\ud biological systems and for Biomimetics.

A new method using NaOH-NaNO3 binary melts to treat vanadium slag is proposed. Vanadium and chromium can be simultaneously extracted in the leaching processes. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the recovery of vanadium and chromium can reach 93.7% and 88.2% in 6 h, respectively. The kinetics investigation indicates that the decomposition of vanadium slag is controlled by mass transfer in product layer. During the reaction, NaOH is believed to provide basic media and facilitate the dissolution of acidic oxides. NaNO3 decomposes to produce a large amount of active oxygen species, such as O, O-2(2-),and O2-. NaOH intensifies the decomposition of NaNO3 to NaNO2, but inhibits further decomposition of NaNO2. NaNO3 can be regenerated by oxidation of NaNO2 using oxygen at high temperature. The apparent activation energy of NaNO2 oxidation in the temperature ranging from 350 to 450 degrees C is 105.5 kJ/mol. (C) 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 541-552, 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis: To evaluate the effects of long-term denervation on satellite cells (SCs) as myogenic stem cells in human posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle. Study Design: Histological investigation of SCs and quantitative assessment of myoD and myogenin, which are two key myogenic regulatory factors. Methods: According to the course of denervation, denervated PCA muscles of 58 patients who suffered from traumatic unilateral vocal cord paralysis were divided into four groups: group A (6–12 months, 15 cases), group B (13–24 months, 17 cases), group C (25–36 months, 14 cases), and group D (more than 36 months, 12 cases). Normal PCA muscles (12 cases) were used as a control group. Immunofluorescence labeling was used to visualize the SCs. Transcription and protein expression levels of myoD and myogenin were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blots, respectively. Results: MyoD- and myogenin-positive cells and embryonic myosin heavy chain-positive myofibers were detected in group A and most of the samples of group B. Transcription levels of myoD and myogenin were highly upregulated in groups A and B, whereas groups C and D showed no significant difference as compared to control. Protein expression levels of myoD and myogenin peaked in group A, which was significantly different than group B. In contrast, no expression was observed in the other groups. Conclusions: Activated SCs contribute to regenerative myogenesis in denervated laryngeal muscles through compensatory mechanisms. Laryngeal muscles exhibit persistent regenerative potential from the viewpoint of muscle SCs after less than 2 years of denervation. Laryngoscope, 2010

In this study, the effects of the content and the average diameter of potassium titanate whiskers (PTW) on the mechanical strength, thermal properties, tribological performance and chemical stability of PTW/PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) composites were investigated. For the small size PTW at 5 wt%, the tensile strength, elongation at break, notched impact strength, thermal deformation temperature and wear resistance were simultaneously increased by 35.6, 46, 3, 11.1 and 1000% over pure PTFE, respectively. When filler size was increased, the tensile strength, elongation and hardness were decreased, while the wear resistance and thermal deformation temperature were improved. The range of PTW in PTFE for optimal integrative properties is 5–10 wt%, which is similar to the behavior of nanoparticles. SEM analysis shows that, comparing to glass fiber/PTFE composites, the internal structure of PTW/PTFE composites is more uniform and dense.

Jumonji domain-containing protein 1A (JMJD1A) play a key role in the development and progression of several malignancies. The present study investigated the expression and clinical significance of JMJD1A in gastric cancer. JMJD1A was found to be upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, the upregulated expression of JMJD1A was significantly correlated with the results of the invasion depth (P=0.006), lymph node metastatic status (P

In many inverse problems it is essential to use regularization methods that preserve edges in the reconstructions, and many reconstruction models have been developed for this task, such as the Total Variation (TV) approach. The associated algorithms are complex and require a good knowledge of large-scale optimization algorithms, and they involve certain tolerances that the user must choose. We present a simpler approach that relies only on standard computational building blocks in matrix computations, such as orthogonal transformations, preconditioned iterative solvers, Kronecker products, and the discrete cosine transform -- hence the term "plug-and-play." We do not attempt to improve on TV reconstructions, but rather provide an easy-to-use approach to computing reconstructions with similar properties., 14 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables

In many applications, it makes sense to solve the least square problems with nonnegative constraints. In this article, we present a new multiplicative iteration that monotonically decreases the value of the nonnegative quadratic programming (NNQP) objective function. This new algorithm has a simple closed form and is easily implemented on a parallel machine. We prove the global convergence of the new algorithm and apply it to solving image super-resolution and color image labelling problems. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and broad applicability of the new algorithm., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures

This thesis explores three important issues in financial distress and corporate bankruptcy: bankruptcy venue choice and creditor recovery, the efficiency of Chapter 11 corporate bankruptcy and distressed exchanges, and the bankruptcy ripple effect on peer firms’ investment policy. Dissertation Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) This thesis explores three important issues in financial distress and corporate bankruptcy: bankruptcy venue choice and creditor recovery, the efficiency of Chapter 11 corporate bankruptcy and distressed exchanges, and the bankruptcy ripple effect on peer firms’ investment policy.