2,450 results on '"Cinnamomum zeylanicum"'
Search Results
202. Fungistatic Films Containing Cinnamon Essential Oil: New Coatings to Preserve the Nutraceutical Content of Avocado Fruit against Fusariosis
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Wendy Abril Coyotl‐Pérez, Quetzali Nicte Morales‐Rabanales, Edmundo Lozoya‐Gloria, Elvia Becerra‐Martínez, Sergio A. Ramírez‐García, Clemente Mosso‐González, and Nemesio Villa‐Ruano
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Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Fusariosis ,Persea ,Fruit ,Dietary Supplements ,Oils, Volatile ,Humans ,Molecular Medicine ,Bioengineering ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Avocadoes are a rich source of nutrients and nutraceuticals that preserve human health. Nevertheless, this fruit is susceptible to phytopathogen infection during the postharvest period causing severe economic losses. Herein, we report on the in situ antifungal assessment of biodegradable films impregnated with the essential oil of Cinnamomum verum (CvEO) as natural fungistatic coatings to extend postharvest quality of Hass avocadoes (Persea americana cv. Hass). These coatings were evaluated on fruits previously infected with a native strain of Fusarium verticillioides. The cytotoxic assessment of CvEO on F. verticillioides revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.3±0.0 g L
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- 2022
203. Antifungal activity of natural products indicated by herb sellers (raizeiros) for the treatment of oral candidiasis
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Vanessa Maria Freire Abílio, Bruno da Silva Mesquita, Evelyn Darly da Silva, Fabíola Vilar de Queiroz Carvalho, Luciana Lucena Aranha de Macêdo, and Ricardo Dias de Castro
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candidiasis bucal ,schinus terebinthifolius ,cinnamomum zeylanicum ,punica granatum . ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
An increasing resistance of Candida yeasts to the synthetic antifungals currently available has driven the search for new plant-derived antifungal compounds. In this respect, the present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of decoctions from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Brazilian pepper tree), Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breym (cinnamon) and Punica granatum Linn (pomegranate) against three species of Candida genus (C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. krusei). Such plant material was sold by herb sellers in three distinct street fairs (A, B and C). The test to determine the products antifungal activity was performed in triplicate by means of the diffusion method on solid medium, in which sterile filter paper discs were soaked in 50 µL of the extracts and then placed on culture medium. Data were assessed by measuring the diameters of halos of fungal growth inhibition, in millimeters (mm), and it was considered the mode of the values found. Antifungal activity of S. terebinthifolius Raddi and C. zeylanicum Breym was observed against C. krusei, but were identified differences among the products obtained in different locations. Punica granatum Linn decoction presented antifungal activity on the three yeasts under study. Also, were found differences among the products acquired in the street fairs, but only the samples of Punica granatum Linn from fair A were able to inhibit fungal growth of all yeasts analyzed. Thus, it is concluded that all the products assessed showed antifungal activity, but differences were found depending on the location where these were obtained and on the sensitivity to the strains assayed.
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- 2014
204. Protective effects of cinnamon bark extract against ischemia-reperfusion injury and arrhythmias in rat.
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Sedighi, Mehrnoosh, Nazari, Afshin, Faghihi, Mahdieh, Rafieian‐Kopaei, Mahmoud, Karimi, Arash, Moghimian, Maryam, Mozaffarpur, Seyyed Ali, Rashidipour, Marzieh, Namdari, Mehrdad, Cheraghi, Mostafa, Rasoulian, Bahram, and Rafieian-Kopaei, Mahmoud
- Abstract
Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon) is a plant with potent antioxidant activity and has been used in traditional medicine for improvement of heart function. The effects of cinnamon bark ethanolic extract were investigated against ischemia-induced arrhythmias and heart injury in an in vivo rat model of regional heart ischemia. The extract was also standardized, and its antioxidant activity was evaluated. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 30 min of ischemia by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by 5 days of reperfusion. Thirty-two animals were randomized to receive daily oral administration of vehicle or C. zeylanicum bark extract (intragastric, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) 14 days before ischemia. C. zeylanicum was standardized through HPLC analysis. Administration of cinnamon bark extract significantly improved ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury as evidenced by reduction of the infarct size. Also, during the ischemic period, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular ectopic beats episodes decreased as compared with that of the control group. The extract stabilized the ST segment changes and QTc shortening, decreased R-wave amplitude, and increased heart rate during ischemia. The extract also caused significant elevations in serum superoxide dismutase and glutation proxidase activities as well as a significant decrease in serum cardiac troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase, and malondialdehyde levels, 5 days after reperfusion. In HPLC analysis, the amounts of Cinamic acid, Methyl eugenol, and Cinnamaldehyde were 8.99 ± 0.5, 13.02 ± 1.8, and 14.63 ± 1.1 mg/g, respectively. The results show that the ethanolic extract of cinnamon bark is able to protect the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury probably due to its antioxidant properties. Hence, it might be beneficial in these patients and this remedy might be used for preparation of new drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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205. Comparative in vitro efficacy of eight essential oils as antibacterial agents against pathogenic bacteria isolated from pet-turtles.
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DE SILVA, B. C. J., HOSSAIN, S., WIMALASENA, S. H. M. P., PATHIRANA, H. N. K. S., DAHANAYAKE, P. S., and HEO, G. J.
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ESSENTIAL oils , *PATHOGENIC bacteria , *PLANT extracts , *TURTLES , *ANTIBACTERIAL agents - Abstract
Essential oils are plant extracts that have been used for their antimicrobial properties for centuries. The keeping of turtles as pets exhibits a growing trend worldwide but these animals are known to harbour a range of pathogenic bacteria. In the current study, we assessed eight essential oils as alternative antibacterial agents against nine species of pet turtle-borne Gram-negative bacteria, namely Aeromonas caviae, A. dhakensis, A. hydrophila, Citrobacter freundii, Morganella morganii, Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica. Except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, all other bacterial species showed high susceptibility to six essential oils, namely oregano, cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, lavender and eucalyptus oils in descending order of efficacy. Minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations values of the essential oils against all tested species except for P. aeruginosa showed low heterogeneity, showing that these essential oils can effectively control the growth of nearly all the tested. However, most of the tested bacteria were multiple-antibiotic-resistant as determined in the antibiotic disc diffusion test, with multiple-antibiotic-resistant index values of ≥ 0.2 for most of the strains. Therefore, with regards to their in vitro activity in controlling growth of multi-drug resistant bacteria, we can classify oregano, cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, lavender and eucalyptus essential oils as effective antibacterial agents. Thus, prospective application of these essential oils in controlling and treating these bacteria should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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206. Phytochemical characterization and biological activity evaluation of ethanolic extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum.
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Husain, Ishrat, Ahmad, Rumana, Chandra, Anu, Raza, Syed Tasleem, Shukla, Yogeshwer, and Mahdi, Farzana
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APOPTOSIS , *BARK , *BIOLOGICAL assay , *BREAST tumors , *CELL death , *CELL lines , *CINNAMON , *DNA , *DYES & dyeing , *EPITHELIAL cells , *ESCHERICHIA coli , *ETHANOL , *FLOW cytometry , *HYDROCARBONS , *KIDNEYS , *STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus , *PHYTOCHEMICALS , *PHENOMENOLOGICAL biology - Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance India being a multicultural nation, every region of the country offers a distinct culinary flavor and taste. These flavors are attributed to spices and condiments which form the mainstay of Indian cuisine. Most of these spices and condiments are derived from various biodiversity hotspots in India and form the crux of India's multidiverse and multicultural cuisine. Apart from their varying aromas, flavors and tastes, these spices and condiments are known to possess several medicinal properties also. Most of these spices find considerable mention in Ayurveda, the indigenous system of medicine, as panaceas for several aliments. Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ), belonging to family Lauraceae and commonly known as cinnamon is one such spice known to have diverse medicinal properties since time immemorial. Aim of the study In the present study, apoptotic and anti-microbial activity of ethanolic extract of CZ was evaluated against human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and compared for its effect on normal kidney epithelial cell line Vero. Materials and methods Ethanolic extract of tree bark of CZ was used to determine the cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB-231 using Trypan blue dye exclusion method and cytometry. The tested dose of the extract was 10–100 µg/mL. Antibacterial activity was determined using disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in the range 2–10 mg/mL. Apoptotic activity was determined using DNA fragmentation assay. Results Ethanolic extract of CZ was found to have an IC 50 value of 25 µg/mL against MDA cell line. On the other hand, CZ extract did not have any significant effect on Vero cells even at 100 µg/mL (IC 50 > 100 µg/mL). The ethanolic extract of CZ bark showed significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus at 10 mg/mL while no appreciable activity was detected against E. coli . DNA isolated from extract treated cancer cells showed a fragmentation pattern characteristic of apoptosis. However, no DNA fragmentation was observed in DNA isolated from extract treated Vero cells. Conclusion Ethanolic bark extract of CZ could be potentially beneficial in treating breast cancer and may be of interest for future studies in developing integrative cancer therapy against proliferation, metastasis, and migration of breast cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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207. Production of spray-dried proanthocyanidin-rich cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract as a potential functional ingredient: Improvement of stability, sensory aspects and technological properties.
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Ostroschi, Livia Cristina, Brito de Souza, Volnei, Echalar-Barrientos, Mariana Alejandra, Tulini, Fabrício Luiz, Comunian, Talita Aline, Thomazini, Marcelo, Baliero, Julio C.C., Roudaut, Gaëlle, Genovese, Maria Inés, and Favaro-Trindade, Carmen Sílvia
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CINNAMON , *PROANTHOCYANIDINS , *SOLUBILITY , *GLASS transition temperature , *MALTODEXTRIN , *ANTI-infective agents , *ATMOSPHERIC temperature , *SENSORY evaluation - Abstract
Cinnamon proanthocyanidins present important biological properties. However, these molecules are unstable and possess an astringent taste, which can make their ingestion difficult. In this context, entrapment by spray-drying technology may be used to produce a concentrated extract with improved stability and reduced astringency. Thus, this work aimed to prepare spray-dried microparticles loaded with a proanthocyanidin-rich cinnamon ( Cinnamomum zeylanicum ) extract (PRCE), immobilized in a maltodextrin matrix. Freeze-dried samples of the extract (without the carrier) were also prepared for comparison. The particles were characterized for moisture content, water activity, retention of proanthocyanidins, hygroscopicity, solubility, morphology, stability, glass transition temperature, and with regard to the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Additionally, the powders were sensorially analyzed to verify the efficiency of the atomization process on masking the bitterness and astringent sensation of the extract. The moisture values of the powders decreased as the drying air temperature increased. Moreover, maltodextrin reduced the hygroscopicity of the powders, enhanced their water solubility and morphology, and increased the stability of the proanthocyanidins in the powders. The freeze-dried cinnamon extract inhibited all indicator strains and showed that the antimicrobial activity was associated with the proanthocyanidin content. Conversely, atomization using maltodextrin as carrier was able to mask the bitter taste and astringency of the material, and allowed the production of more stable powders. Therefore, the use of maltodextrin presented beneficial aspects, from both technological and sensorial perspectives for the production of spray-dried powders loaded with a proanthocyanidin-rich cinnamon extract, which could act as a functional ingredient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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208. EFFECT OF HYDROALCOHOLIC CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM EXTRACT ON RESERPINE-INDUCED DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS IN MICE.
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Ghaderi, Hourivash, Rafieian, Mahmoud, and Nezhad, HosseinRahmani
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MENTAL depression , *THERAPEUTICS , *CINNAMON tree , *RESERPINE , *LABORATORY mice ,THERAPEUTIC use of plant extracts - Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder is the most common mood disorder that is developed in 17% of the people. By 2020, the disorder will become the second cause of disability in the world. This study was conducted to investigate antidepressant and antioxidant effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract in mice. Methods: In this study, the male BALB/c mice were used. To induce depression, reserpine was administered and then fluoxetine and C. zeylanicum extract were injected to the mice. To investigate the sedative effect of the drug, rotarod test was used. Forced swim test (FST) was used to investigate depression. The free radical DPPH method was used to determine antioxidant activity of extract and the Folin-Ciocalteu method to determine phenolic, flavonoid, and flavonol compounds. Data analysis was conducted by SPSS 21. Results: In the FST, there was a significant difference in immobility duration between 7 groups. C. zeylanicum extract in all doses decreased immobility duration in the FST. There was no significant difference in immobility duration between C. zeylanicum-treated and fluoxetine-administered groups. The antioxidant activity (IC50) of the extract was 12.82 and for phenolic, flavonoid, and flavonol compounds, it was 264.37, 27.14, and 26.25 mg/g of dried extract respectively. Conclusion: C. zeylanicum extract, improved depression in the mice, but its effect was not dose dependent. The antidepressant effect of C. zeylanicum was also equal to that of fluoxetine. This extract has potent antioxidant activity and the antidepressant effect of this extract is likely due to its antioxidant property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
209. HPTLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR ESTIMATION OF CINNAMALDEHYDE IN POLYHERBAL FORMULATION WITH ANTIDIABETIC PROPERTY.
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Shrivastava, Satyaendra K., Dubey, P. K., Sharma, Pankaj, and Shrivastava, B.
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DRUG development ,HYPOGLYCEMIC agents ,EXCIPIENTS ,CINNAMON tree ,HIGH performance liquid chromatography ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
In this research article HPTLC method for the estimation of cinnamaldehyde content in cinnamomum zeylanicum, laboratory batches (MC-I, MC-II, MC-III) and marketed formulation (MCM) was developed. In this method, precoated Silica Gel F
254 plates were used as stationary phase and Toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (8:1:1v/v) as mobile phase. Developed chromatogram was scanned at 295 nm, the wavelength of maximum absorption for cinnamaldehyde. The aptness of developed HPTLC method for estimation of cinnamaldehyde was established by validating it as per the ICH guidelines. The developed method has been successfully used for the estimation of cinnamaldehyde in polyherbal anti-diabetic formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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210. Inhibition activity of Zingiber offcinale. and Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum.
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Muslim, Esraa Taher, Saeed, Asseel Abdulridha, and Sabeeh, Shaimaa Abbas
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Copyright of Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2018
211. Evaluation of pharmacodynamic properties and safety of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Ceylon cinnamon) in healthy adults: a phase I clinical trial.
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Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Jayawardena, Ranil, Pigera, Shehani, Wathurapatha, Wasundara Sevwandi, Weeratunga, Hasitha Dhananjaya, Premakumara, G. A. Sirimal, Katulanda, Prasad, Constantine, Godwin Roger, and Galappaththy, Priyadarshani
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HYPERTENSION ,THERAPEUTICS ,CINNAMON ,CLINICAL trials ,LONGITUDINAL method ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: Cinnamon is considered as a treatment for many ailments in native medicine. Evidence suggests that Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) has anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, anti-oxidant, blood glucose lowering properties and beneficial cardiovascular effects. The present study aims to evaluate Pharmacodynamic properties and safety of CZ in healthy adults using a Phase I Clinical Trial. Methods: This phase I clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Thirty healthy adults were recruited for the study, conducted for a period of 3 months, with the dose of CZ (water extract) increased at monthly intervals (85 mg, 250 mg and 500 mg). Data collection was carried out at baseline and during each monthly follow up visit. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical assessments were done at baseline and during follow up. Adverse effects and drug compliance was also evaluated. Results: Twenty eight subjects completed the three months follow up. Mean age was 38.8 ± 10.4 years and 50% were males. There were no significant changes in the anthropometric parameters during the three months follow up. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduced significant during the 1st month and this reduction was sustained throughout follow up. Full blood count, renal function tests, liver function tests, fasting blood glucose, HDL-c, VLDL-d and triglycerides remained within the normal range without any significant alteration during the 3 months. A significant reduction in the TC (p <0.05)andLDL-c(p < 0.001) was noted at the end of the 3 months follow up period. There were no serious adverse effects (including hypersensitivity) noted. In two participants dyspepsia necessitated the discontinuation of study participation. Drug compliance was between 85 and 95% during the study period. Conclusions: This is the first phase I clinical trial in health adults evaluating efficacy and safety of CZ. Our results demonstrate no significant side effects and toxicity of CZ, including hepatotoxicity and anti-coagulation properties. CZ demonstrated beneficial anti-hyperlipidaemic and blood pressure lowering effects among healthy adults. Further studies with larger samples and longer durations may be able to elucidate other side effects and better describe the pharmacodynamic properties. Trial registration: SLCTR/2013/001 (Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry: http://www.slctr.lk/trials/106) (Date of Registration: 01/01/2013). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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212. Ameliorative effects of type-A procyanidins polyphenols from cinnamon bark in compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation.
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Kandhare, Amit D., Aswar, Urmila M., Mohan, Vishwaraman, and Thakurdesai, Prasad A.
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CINNAMON , *MAST cells , *ALLERGY treatment , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Allergic diseases are a significant health concern in developing countries. Type-A procyanidin polyphenols from cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) bark (TAPP-CZ) possesses antiasthmatic and antiallergic potential. The present study was aimed at the possible anti-allergic mechanism of TAPP-CZ against the compound 48/80 (C48/80)-induced mast cell degranulation in isolated rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). TAPP-CZ (1, 3, 10, and 30 μg/ml) was incubated for 3 hours with isolated, purified RPMCs. The C48/80 (1 μg/ml) was used to induce mast cell degranulation. The mast cell viability was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay whereas histamine, β-hexosaminidase (β-HEX), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were determined in RPMCs. TAPP-CZ (3, 10, and 30 μg/ml) showed significant and dose-dependent decrease in a number of degranulated cells and levels of markers (histamine, β-HEX, and IL-4) as compared with C48/80 control. In conclusion, TAPP-CZ stabilizes mast cell and cause inhibition of the allergic markers such as histamine, IL-4, and β-HEX in IgE-mediated manner. The present study supports mast cell stabilization as a possible mechanism of action of TAPP-CZ against immune respiratory disorders such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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213. EXTRACTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM BARKS AND STUDY THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY.
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Al-fekaiki, Dhia F., Niamah, Alaa Kareem, and Al-Sahlany, Shayma Thyab Gddoa
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CINNAMON tree , *ESSENTIAL oils , *ANTIBACTERIAL agents , *LISTERIA monocytogenes , *DISC diffusion tests (Microbiology) - Abstract
This study aimed to identify the essential oil compound from Cinnamomum zeylanicum barks by using GC-MS analysis and evaluate essential oil inhibition effects against Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas erogenous and Staphylococcus aureus by using agar diffusion method and studied kill-time for this bacterium. The yield of Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil was 5%. Cinnamaldehyde 57.83% was the main compound in the essential oil extract, followed by cyclohexane carboxylic acid 9.29% and 6-octadecenoic acid 8.41%. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were inhibited growth after addition 6, 12 and 18 μL of essential oil. Zone diameter of inhibition ranged from 17.00-30.30 mm for bacterial test. A concentration of 10, 20 and 30 μL.mL-1 of the essential oil caused a rapid and steady decline in the number of viable cells from 2 to 5 Log. cycles of all strains during 24 hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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214. Cognition enhancing effect of the aqueous extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum on nontransgenic Alzheimer's disease rat model: Biochemical, histological, and behavioural studies.
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Madhavadas, Sowmya and Subramanian, Sarada
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ALZHEIMER'S disease , *COGNITION disorders , *NEURODEGENERATION , *CINNAMON , *CHOLINESTERASES - Abstract
Objective: Several dietary supplements are actively being tested for their dual role of alleviating the metabolic perturbations and restricting the consequent cognitive dysfunctions seen in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of the current study was to assess the influence of aqueous extract of cinnamon (CE) on the monosodium glutamate-induced non-transgenic rat model of AD (NTAD) established with insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, neuronal loss, and cognitive impairment at a very early stage of life. Methods: The experimental design included oral administration of CE (50 mg/kg body weight) for 20 weeks to 2-month and 10-month-old NTAD rats. Following the treatments, the animals attained 7 and 15 months of age, respectively. They were then subjected to behavioural testing, biochemical analysis, and stereology experiments. Results: The results demonstrated that CE treatment improved the insulin sensitivity, increased phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (pGSK3β), inhibited the cholinesterase activity, and improved the learning ability in NTAD rats. Histological evaluation has shown an increase in neuron count in the DG sub-field of hippocampus upon treatment with CE. Discussion: These beneficial effects of CE are suggestive of considering cinnamon as a dietary supplement in modulating the metabolic changes and cognitive functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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215. Safety assessment and biochemical evaluation of the effect of biogenic silver nanoparticles (using bark extract of C. zeylanicum) on Rattus norvegicus rats
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Hussein Abid, Shukrya Alwan, and Muna H. AL-Saeed
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silver nanoparticles ,QH301-705.5 ,Computer Networks and Communications ,subacute toxicity ,Aspartate transaminase ,QD415-436 ,Pharmacology ,Microbiology ,Biochemistry ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Superoxide dismutase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Oral administration ,oxidative stress ,Biology (General) ,cinnamon ,biology ,green synthesis ,RC648-665 ,Malondialdehyde ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,QR1-502 ,chemistry ,Alanine transaminase ,Hardware and Architecture ,Toxicity ,histopathology ,Urea ,biology.protein ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Software ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background: Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in various biomedical applications. However, limited reports are currently available about the safety of biofabricated AgNPs using Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark extracts. Objectives: The current study is aimed to assess the potential toxicity of biosynthesized AgNPs (using C. zeylanicum) by subacute oral administration in experimental rats. Methods: AgNPs were biofabricated using methanol extract of C. zeylanicum bark and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Twenty-four Rattus norvegicus female rats were divided into 4 groups (6 animals per group) as follows: Group-I was the control, while groups II, III, and IV were given 0.85, 1.76 and 3.53 mg/kg doses of AgNPs, respectively for 14 consecutive days. After 14 days of oral administration of AgNPs, serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured using an ELISA technique. Serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) were also determined as well as histopathologic features of the liver and the kidney. Results: AgNPs did not induce any changes in mean body weight, biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, urea and creatinine), oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, SOD and CAT) and histopathologic features (of the liver and kidneys) of the treated groups when compared to control group. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the oral administration of biogenic AgNPs (biofabricated using methanol extract of C. zeylanicum) to rats at a specific dose is relatively safe and does not show any signs of toxicity.
- Published
- 2021
216. Computational Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor in Tinospora cordifolia, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Myristica fragrans
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Nidhi Mishra and Viswajit Mulpuru
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Protease ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Saponarin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Favipiravir ,Tinospora cordifolia ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Infectious Diseases ,Phytochemical ,chemistry ,Virology ,medicine ,Myristica fragrans ,Coronavirus - Abstract
A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has spread over more than 100 countries all over the world. The World Health Organization has recognized Coronavirus as a pandemic and finding an effective drug for this infectious disease is of high importance. In this study, we have explored the potent inhibitors of COVID-19 main protease from Tinospora cordifolia an Ayurvedic herb locally called as Amrita meaning ‘immortality’ and two other Ayurveda plants namely Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Myristica fragrans. Saponarin, a phytochemical present in Tinospora cordifolia showed a very promising result with the binding affinity of − 8.75 kcal/mol. Remdesivir and Favipiravir, the experimental drugs that are known to show inhibitory activity towards COVID-19 are used as a control. The Docking results were verified by the means of molecular dynamic analysis. This study suggests that Saponarin can be a potential inhibitor for the main protease of the COVID-19.
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- 2021
217. Phenolic Composition, Enzyme Inhibitory and Anti-quorum Sensing Activities of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) and Basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn)
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Nurdan Sarac, Selcuk Kucukaydin, Ozgur Ceylan, Alfred Ngenge Tamfu, and Mehmet Emin Duru
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food.ingredient ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Rosmarinic acid ,Basilicum ,biology.organism_classification ,Ocimum ,Coumarin ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Catalysis ,Cinnamic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,food ,chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Vanillic acid ,Environmental Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Chromobacterium violaceum - Abstract
Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Ocimum basilicum are two plants used by many cultures for food and medicinal purposes. The phenolic composition of ethanol extracts of both plants were determined by HPLC–DAD. A total of seventeen compounds were identified in C. zeylanicum with trans cinnamic acid (179.90 ± 0.45 µg/g) and coumarin (84.50 ± 0.41 µg/g) as major constituents while ten compounds were detected in O. basilicum with rosmarinic acid (360.40 ± 1.28 µg/g) and vanillic acid (36.30 ± 0.25 µg/g) as major constituents. C. zeylanicum exhibited higher inhibition on AChE (54.30 ± 0.97%) and BChE (66.43 ± 0.84%) than O. basilicum with lower AChE (23.43 ± 0.51%) and BChE (33.83 ± 0.75%) inhibitions. Both extracts showed moderate inhibition of tyrosinase and urease enzymes. The quorum sensing (QS) inhibition of O. basilicum and C. zeylanicum was evaluated by two assays: violacein inhibition on Chromobacterium violaceum CV12472 and QS inhibition on Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. Excellent inhibition of violacein synthesis in CV12472 was exhibited by C. zeylanicum with 100% inhibtion at MIC to MIC/4 and further inhibitions of 48.0 ± 2.0% (MIC.8) and 27.9 ± 1.2% (MIC/16). QS inhibition diameter zones on C. violaceum CV026 at MIC were 13.0 ± 1.0 mm and 10.5 ± 1.0 mm for C. zeylanicum and O. basilicum respectively. Since both extracts could inhibit violacein synthesis in CV12472 and QS in CV026, they could block signal production and signal reception in QS mediated processes in bacteria. These results indicate that both plants can be used to remedy microbial resistance and Alzheimer’s diseases.
- Published
- 2021
218. Dalchini (cinnamomum zeylanicum): a versatile spice with significant therapeutic potential
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Gitika Chaudhary, Shifali Thakur, and Bhawna Walia
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Traditional medicine ,Spice ,Biology ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum - Abstract
Cinnamomum zeylanicum is a widely utilized condiment for its therapeutic uses since ancient times. It is indigenous to Sri Lanka and Southern India. Cinnamon is one of the ancient spice which belongs to the Lauraceae family. In the modern era, it is widely used in industrial products like candies, chewing gums, mouthwash, and toothpaste. It is a well-considered plant remedy used in the treatment of many diseases in a traditional system like Ayurveda and the Folk system of medicine. It is used in many polyherbal formulations for curing various ailments. The plant is enriched with many vital oils and other derivatives such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and cinnamate. Eugenol is the active principle constituent associated with many biological activities. The main therapeutic actions of the plant are antimicrobial, wound healing, antidiabetic, anti-HIV, anti-anxiety, and anti-Parkinson’s. The present review has summarized the therapeutic and pharmacological value of Cinnamomum zeylanicum along with its utilization in the Folklore medicinal system.
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- 2021
219. Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract anda study of antibacterial effect against multi-drug resistance Gram-negativebacteria
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Gaidan Ayad M and F Saleh Reyam
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Gram-negative bacteria ,biology ,Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Enterobacter ,biology.organism_classification ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Silver nanoparticle ,Silver nitrate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Bark ,Bacteria ,Cinnamomum ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Introduction and Aim:Nanoparticles for some metals can be used in the treatment of diseases caused by different pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics due to the antibacterial properties of thesenanoparticles.In the current study, thesynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag) from Cinnamon zeylanicum bark extractwas investigated. Materials and Methods:One mL of cinnamon bark extract was added to 50mL of 1mM of the silver nitrate (AgNO3). After incubation time of bark extract with AgNO3at room temperature for 1-18hours, the silver nanoparticles synthesis through changed colour of the mixture to dark brown.The UV, TEM and FT-IR analysis were carried out to characterize the biosynthesized Ag-NPs, UV-Vis scan showed absorption around 435 nm while TEM showedAg-NPs spherical shape and the sizes of the and FT-IR spectrum detected the presence of different functional groups responsible for reduction and stability of Ag-NPs in an aqueous solution. Results:Biosynthesized Ag-NPs showed inhibitory effect against someGram-negative bacterial species that have complete resistance to the antibiotics P, NA, VA, E, TE. The inhibition zone of Ag-NPs wasdetermined as follows (Citrobacter freundii19mm, Klebsiella pneumonae23mm, E.coli 23mm, Enterobacter spp 20 mm, Acinetobacter baumannii20mm.Therefore, Ag-NPs can be used as alternative treatment for some antibiotics. Conclusion: The Ag-NPs can be successfully prepared form Cinnamomum bark plant. Besides their low cost, these NPs had an antibacterial effect especially against Gram negative bacteria which had a complete resistance to the most common antibiotics
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- 2021
220. What is the influence of cinnamon supplementation on liver enzymes? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
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Nikan Zargarzadeh, Ahmad Jayedi, Emma Persad, Alexei Wong, Amir Bagheri, Fariba Koohdani, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi, and Camellia Akhgarjand
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,MEDLINE ,Type 2 diabetes ,Cochrane Library ,Gastroenterology ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Aged ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Liver ,Meta-analysis ,Dietary Supplements ,Alkaline phosphatase ,Liver function ,business - Abstract
Existing evidence has uncovered the potential health benefits of cinnamon intake; however, its effect on liver function is unclear. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of cinnamon supplementation on liver enzymes. Relevant articles were identified through a systematic search in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase up to September 2020. All trials assessing the effect of oral cinnamon supplementation on serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in adults were included. The pooled effect sizes were obtained using the random-effects model and expressed as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of seven original trials (nine treatment arms) involving a total of 256 subjects were included in the final analysis. The pooled analysis indicated that cinnamon supplementation had no significant effect on serum levels of ALT, AST, and ALP. However, there was a significant reduction in ALT levels in patients with type 2 diabetes (MD: -4.01 U/L; 95% CI: -6.86, -1.15) and in trials with low-dose supplementation (1,500 mg/d), follow-up duration longer than 12 weeks, and in the elderly patients (aged50 years). The beneficial effects of cinnamon intake were also shown in AST levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and trials with long-term follow-up (12 weeks). Longer-term, oral cinnamon supplementation may improve serum levels of liver enzymes in patients with type 2 diabetes. Further high-quality studies are needed, especially in populations with abnormal liver enzyme levels, to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of cinnamon on liver function.
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- 2021
221. Phytopharmacognostic Evaluation and Fourier Transform Infrared Fingerprint in the Quality Control of Various Culinary Herbs: AN ULTIMATE REMEDY IN ASIA
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Rana Asif Hussain, Nudrat Fatima, Kaneez Fatima, Iqbal Ahmad, Hina Yasin, Shaukat Khalid, Kiran Qadeer, and Imran Ahmed
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food.ingredient ,Traditional medicine ,biology ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Elettaria cardamomum ,Decoction ,biology.organism_classification ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,law.invention ,food ,Carum carvi ,law ,Syzygium ,Herb ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Medicine ,Quality (business) ,Pharmacopoeia ,business ,General Environmental Science ,media_common - Abstract
Background: The quality and efficacy of culinary herbs commonly practiced in Asia as a remedy for seasonal illnesses such as cold, flu, congestion, fever and inflammation, etc. The extemporaneous preparations of these culinary herbs are being formulated as traditional practice either in the form of extract, decoction, and paste etc. These culinary herbs are being practiced for curing sporadic illnesses since ancient time. Objectives: In present study five herbs’ i.e. Elettaria cardamomum (cardamom), Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon), Carum carvi (caraway), Oreganum vulgare (oregano) and Syzygium aromaticum (clove) have been obtained from the market to assure quality of herbs in local market. Methodology: Various quality control tests including microscopic evaluation, physico-chemical characteristics, Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) have been performed to determine their compliance with the standards. The TLC has been used for the identification of the active ingredients on comparison of their Rf values with the reference standard. FTIR Spectra of these materials have been obtained to identify and confirm structural information and assignment of functional groups. Results: Many of the herbal samples used in this study have been complied with the available official standards as given in Pharmacopoeia. If the samples did not comply with the standards then it indicates that the sample belongs to spurious quality of raw herb, which is the prime cause that may interfere with the therapeutic efficacy and variability of outcomes. Conclusion: This study help to provide a significant data to herbal drug manufacturers for authentication of commercially available herbs which may be used in the formulation of extemporaneous or commercially available herbal medicine.
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- 2021
222. Efficacy of Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum extracts against experimental Trichinella spiralis infection
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Rasha Adel, Samar Kamel Hammad, Eman Mostafa, Naglaa Fathy Abd El-Aal, Marwa A. Salama, Nahed E Mostafa, and Howayda Moawad
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Traditional medicine ,Therapeutic effect ,Trichinosis ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Small intestine ,Albendazole ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,Prednisolone ,Original Article ,Parasitology ,Zingiber officinale ,Adverse effect ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Trichinellosis is a re-emerging zoonotic disease that has become a public health concern since its reported human outbreaks in many countries. The traditional therapy has many adverse effects in addition to the developing resistance. So, this necessitates finding effective natural alternatives. The current study targeted to assess the potential therapeutic effects of Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum in comparison to albendazole, a conventional therapy for treatment of trichinosis. Sixty mice were classified into five groups (12 mice each), non-infected control, infected control, combined albendazole and prednisolone, Zingiber officinale, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum treated groups. Mice sacrifice was performed on the 7th and 35th days post infection for intestinal and muscular phases respectively. Efficiency of the used preparations was assessed by parasitological, histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical studies in addition to ultrastructural evaluation using transmission electron microscopy. A significant reduction in the mean number of T. spiralis adult worms and larvae was observed in Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum treated groups, (64.5%, 50.8%) and (68%, 54.6%) respectively. Also, both extracts showed moderate cytoplasmic reactivity for TGF-β1, (69.3% & 67.8%) respectively. The highest reduction in serum TNF- α level was observed in Zingiber officinale treated group during the muscle phase (58.4%) while in the intestinal phase was 50%. The ultrastructural study revealed degenerative effects on both adults and larvae in addition to obvious improvement of the histopathological changes in the small intestine and muscles. We concluded that these herbal extracts especially Zingiber officinale can be considered a practical and successful alternative for the treatment of trichinellosis.
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- 2021
223. Potency of plant extracts against Penicillium species isolated from different seeds and fruits in Saudi Arabia
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Deiaa A. El-Wakil, Mohamed H. Mahmoud, Abd El-Rahim M.A. El-Samawaty, and Salman Alamery
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,QH301-705.5 ,Ginger Extract ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,HPLC technique and mycotoxins ,Patulin ,Storage fungi ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Food science ,Biology (General) ,Curcuma ,Mycotoxin ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Seed-rotting disease ,Medicinal Plant extracts ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Syzygium ,Penicillium spp ,Penicillium ,Original Article ,Zingiber officinale ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Antifungal activity of extracts of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) were evaluated in vitro against 17 Penicillium spp. Seed disease and rotten fruit caused by these species cause considerable loss of quality for different agricultural products. Isolates of Penicillium spp. were screened for production of patulin an important serious mycotoxin. About 70.59% of Penicillium spp. produced this toxin in concentrations ranging from 4 to 31 ppb. The response of Penicillium spp. to plant extracts differed according to the plant extract and concentration. Cinnamon extract showed the greatest effect on P. asperosporum, P. aurintogriseum and P. brevicompactum, and cloves extract produced the greatest effect on P. chermesinum and P. duclauxii. Turmeric extract had less effect on P. duclauxii. Cloves extract was the most effective in reducing the growth of Penicillium spp. On the other hand, ginger extract with all concentrations used had less effect against most Penicillium spp in the laboratory. Plant extracts are promising as natural sources of environmentally friendly compounds in laboratory studies.
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- 2021
224. What is the Impact of Cinnamon Supplementation on Blood Pressure? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Hossein Khadem Haghighian, Neda Roshanravan, Ehsan Ghaedi, Rahele Ziaei, Amir Reza Moravejolahkami, Abed Ghavami, and Gholamreza Askari
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Web of science ,Plant Extracts ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Blood Pressure ,Cochrane Library ,law.invention ,Blood pressure ,Pooled analysis ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Meta-analysis ,Dietary Supplements ,Hypertension ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - Abstract
Background and Aims: This study was designed to make a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of cinnamon on blood pressure (BP). Methods: A systematic computerized literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases were conducted up to August 2019. All RCTs using cinnamon supplements in adults were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Results: Out of 927 records, 8 trials that enrolled 582 participants were included. The pooled effect size showed that SBP did not change following cinnamon supplementation. (WMD: -0.61mmHg; 95% CI: -1.36, 0.14, P= 0.111). Also cinnamon supplementation in long-duration (≥ 8weeks) had a significant effect on SBP (WMD: -1.25 mmHg; 95% CI: -2.22, -0.28, P= 0.012). Pooled analysis showed that cinnamon had a significant effect on DBP (WMD: -0.93mmHg, 95% CI: -1.55 to -0.32, P= 0.003). In addition, results from both duration subsets and high dose (>1500 mg/day) of cinnamon supplementation were significant. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that cinnamon supplementation has favorable effects on DBP although results about SBP were not the same. Nonetheless, further studies are required.
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- 2021
225. ETERIČNA ULJA ZA BEZBEDNOST HRANE: FORMULISANJE DEZINFEKCIONIH PROIZVODA U OBLIKU RASPRŠIVAČA, JEDNOSTAVNIH ZA UPOTREBU, NAMENJENIH KORIŠĆENJU U RAZNIM FAZAMA PRIPREME HRANE.
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Farasoa, Helga Rim, Rabarisoa, Herilalaina, Harizafy, Henintsoa, Rasoarahona, Felah, Rabe, Odilon, and Raonizafinimanana, Béatrice
- Abstract
Sažetak: U radu su ispitane formulacije proizvoda (sredstva za dezinfekciju hrane, ruku i površina u kontaktu s hranom) u obliku jednostavnih raspršivača (sprejeva), lakih za upotrebu, koji sadrže esencijalna ulja cejlonskog cimeta Cinnamomum zeylanicum i eugenolnog bosiljka Ocimum gratissimum namenjenih sprečavanju transmisije bolesti koje se prenose hranom. Eksperimentalni dizajn centralnog kompozitnog modela je omogućio razvoj stabilnih proizvoda sa optimalnim sadržajem esencijalnih ulja za efikasnu antimikrobnu aktivnost. Korišćeni eksperimentalni dizajn je omogućio minimalizovanje sadržaja alkohola koji je neophodan kako bi se omogućilo mešanje esencijalnih ulja u vodenoj fazi. (Trans)-cinamalaldehid je bio glavna komponenta esencijalnog ulja cejlonskog cimeta. Njegova niska toksičnost omogućila je formulisanje proizvoda bezbednog za zdravlje, uprkos velikoj varijaciji u hemijskom sastavu eteričnog ulja. Kuvana hrana obložena raspršivanjem 1% rastvorom esencijalnog ulja u kombinaciji sa bazičnom tinkturom od majčine dušice, bila je održiva 3 dana bez rashlađivanja u hladnjaku. Glavna komponenta eugenolnog bosiljka je bio eugenol, 1,8-cineol i metilhavikol. Raspršivači sa 1.5% ovog esencijalnog ulja bili su efikasni protiv Escherichia coli i Staphylococcus aureus. Ksantan guma se pokazala kao efikasno sredstvo za vezivanje esencijalnog ulja u testu ubrzanog starenja na 45 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
226. Essential Oil Chemotypes and Genetic Variability of
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Júlia Karla A M, Xavier, Talissa Gabriele C, Baia, Oscar Victor C, Alegria, Pablo Luis B, Figueiredo, Adriana R, Carneiro, Edith Cibelle de O, Moreira, José Guilherme S, Maia, William N, Setzer, and Joyce Kelly R, da Silva
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Plant Leaves ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Oils, Volatile ,DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ,Phylogeny ,Cinnamomum - Published
- 2022
227. Activity of Essential Oils Against Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enteritidis
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Sana Alibi, Walid Ben Selma, Hedi Ben Mansour, and Jésus Navas
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Thymus Plant ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Salmonella enteritidis ,Syzygium ,Oils, Volatile ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,General Medicine ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,Anti-Bacterial Agents - Abstract
We have investigated the antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and anti-quorum sensing potencies of six Essential Oils (EOs) obtained from cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), clove (Eugenia caryophyllata), curcuma (Curcuma longa L.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), and sage (Salvia officinalis). The study was conducted on 20 multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. enteritidis clinical strains. Minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericide concentrations were displayed by microdilution. The effect on biofilm formation was tested on polystyrene plates. The anti-quorum sensing effect was determined by measuring the inhibition of violacein production by Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. The influence of EOs on the adhesion of Salmonella strains to HT-29 cells was studied. The potency of S. enteritidis to infect and kill Caenorhabditis elegans was evaluated. The cinnamon, thyme, and clove EOs showed remarkable antibacterial properties. Biofilm formation was significantly reduced by the six EOs: 99.10% for cinnamon, 97.64% for clove, 95.90% for thyme, 79.84% for rosemary, 28.98% for curcuma, and 15.55% for sage. The MIC/2 of clove EO exhibited the highest percentage of inhibition of violacein production (99.03%), followed by thyme (91.68%) and cinnamon (84.13%) EOs. Thyme extracts exhibited an important anti-adhesive potency. Clove EO behaves as an effective regulator of Salmonella virulence in nematodes.
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- 2022
228. Anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory potencies of cinnamon oil on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing mice
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Morsi, Dalia S., El-Nabi, Sobhy Hassab, Elmaghraby, Mona A., Abu Ali, Ola A., Fayad, Eman, Khalifa, Shaden A. M., El-Seedi, Hesham, and El-Garawani, Islam M.
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Cancer och onkologi ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Multidisciplinary ,Immunity ,Ascites ,Mice, Inbred Strains ,Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ,Mice ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Cancer and Oncology ,Oils, Volatile ,Animals ,Female ,Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor ,Chromatography, Liquid - Abstract
Cinnamon is a well-known natural spice and flavoring substance used worldwide. The objective of the present work is to explore the possible antitumor and immunomodulatory potencies of cinnamon essential oil (Cinn) on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC). A total of fifty female Swiss albino mice were sub-grouped into five groups (n = 10), namely, normal (a non-tumorized and non-treated) group; EAC-tumorized and non-treated group; Cinn (non-tumorized mice received Cinn, 50 mg/kg per body weight daily) group; a group of EAC-tumorized mice treated with Cinn and the final positive control group of EAC-tumorized mice received cisplatin. Eight compounds were identified from Cinn using UPLC-MS-Qtof and NMR analysis. Compared to EAC untreated group, Cinn successfully (P P 0/G1 phase was noticed following Cinn treatments (~ 24.5%) compared to EAC group. Moreover, Cinn markedly evoked an antitumor immune response by elevating the percentage of splenic T helper (CD3+CD4+) and T cytotoxic (CD3+CD8+) cells. It is noteworthy that Cinn treatments significantly restored different hematological alterations as well as liver and kidney functions in EAC-tumorized mice. In conclusion, results suggest that Cinn has a good antitumor and immunostimulatory potencies against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vivo. The mechanism underlying its antitumor activity may be attributed to its immunostimulatory effects which increase its potential as a promising anticancer candidate.
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- 2022
229. Studies of the Formation of Inclusion Complexes Derivatives of Cinnamon Acid with α-Cyclodextrin in a Wide Range of Temperatures Using Conductometric Methods
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Zdzisław Kinart and Renato Tomaš
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alpha-Cyclodextrins ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,electric conductivities ,α-cyclodextrin ,aqueous solutions of sodium salts of phenolic acids ,complex constants ,thermodynamic function ,Organic Chemistry ,Temperature ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Analytical Chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine ,Thermodynamics ,Salts ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Abstract
The electrical conductivities of aqueous solutions of sodium salts of trans-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (trans-p-coumaric acid), trans-3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid (trans-caffeic acid), trans-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, (trans-ferulic acid) and trans-3-phenylacrylic acid (trans-cinnamic acid) with α-cyclodextrin were measured in the temperature range of 288.15 K–318.15 K. For the first time in the literature, using the limiting molar conductivity (Λmo) obtained from conductivity measurements, the values of the complexation constants (Kf) of the salts of phenolic acid derivatives with α-cyclodextrin were determined using a modified low concentration chemical model (IcCM). An attempt was also made to analyze the individual thermodynamic functions ΔGo, ΔHo and ΔSo describing the complexation process as a function of temperature changes. The obtained results show that the process of formation of inclusion complexes is exothermic and is spontaneous.
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- 2022
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230. Structural interactions of phytoconstituent(s) from cinnamon, bay leaf, oregano, and parsley with <scp>SARS‐CoV</scp> ‐2 nucleocapsid protein: A comparative assessment for development of potential antiviral nutraceuticals
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Ishrat Husain, Rumana Ahmad, Sahabjada Siddiqui, Anu Chandra, Aparna Misra, Aditi Srivastava, Tanveer Ahamad, Mohd. Faheem Khan, Zeba Siddiqi, Anchal Trivedi, Shivbrat Upadhyay, Anamika Gupta, Anand N. Srivastava, Bilal Ahmad, Sudhir Mehrotra, Surya Kant, Abbas Ali Mahdi, and Farzana Mahdi
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Pharmacology ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Biophysics ,Cell Biology ,Laurus ,Ligands ,Antiviral Agents ,Catechin ,COVID-19 Drug Treatment ,Cinnamates ,Origanum ,Dietary Supplements ,Petroselinum ,Apigenin ,Food Science - Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for causing 6,218,308 deaths globally till date and has garnered worldwide attention. The lack of effective preventive and therapeutic drugs against SARS-CoV-2 has further worsened the scenario and has bolstered research in the area. The N-terminal and C-terminal RNA binding domains (NTD and CTD) of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein represent attractive therapeutic drug targets. Naturally occurring compounds are an excellent source of novel drug candidates due to their structural diversity and safety. Ten major bioactive compounds were identified in ethanolic extract (s) of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cinnamomum tamala, Origanum vulgare, and Petroselinum crispum using HPLC and their cytotoxic potential was determined against cancer and normal cell lines by MTT assay to ascertain their biological activity in vitro. To evaluate their antiviral potential, the binding efficacy to NTD and CTD of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein was determined using in silico biology tools. In silico assessment of the phytocomponents revealed that most of the phytoconstituents displayed a druglike character with no predicted toxicity. Binding affinities were in the order apigenin catechin apiin toward SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid NTD. Toward nucleocapsid CTD, the affinity decreased as apigenin cinnamic acid catechin. Remdesivir displayed lesser affinity with NTD and CTD of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins than any of the studied phytoconstituents. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results revealed that throughout the 100 ns simulation, SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein NTD-apigenin complex displayed greater stability than SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein NTD-cinnamic acid complex. Hence, apigenin, catechin, apiin and cinnamic acid might prove as effective prophylactic and therapeutic candidates against SARS-CoV-2, if examined further in vitro and in vivo. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Ten major bioactive compounds were identified in the extract(s) of four medicinally important plants viz. Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cinnamomum tamala, Origanum vulgare and Petroselinum crispum using HPLC and their biological activity was also evaluated against cancer and normal cell lines. Interestingly, while all extract(s) wielded significant cytotoxicity against cancer cells, no significant toxicity was found against normal cells. The outcome of the results prompted evaluation of the antiviral potential of the ten bioactive compounds using in silico biology tools. The present study emphasizes on the application of computational approaches to understand the binding interaction and efficacy of the ten bioactive compounds from the above plants with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein N-terminal and C-terminal RNA binding domains in preventing and/or treating COVID-19 using in silico tools. Druglikeness and toxicity profiles of the compounds were carried out to check the therapeutic application of the components. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed to check the stability of ligand-protein complexes. The results provided useful insights into the structural binding interaction(s) that can be exploited for the further development of potential antiviral agents targeting SARS-CoV-2 especially since no specific therapy is still available to combat the rapidly evolving virus and the existing treatment is more or less symptomatic which makes search for novel antiviral agents all the more necessary and crucial.
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- 2022
231. [Can you taste cinnamon? Assessment of cognitive dysosmia (osmoagnosia)]
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O, Michel
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Olfaction Disorders ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Cognition ,Taste ,Humans - Published
- 2022
232. Obtención y caracterización de un talco de pies a partir de producto seco obtenido de las hojas de Cinnamomun zeylanicum
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Silva, Wliana Alves Viturino da, Ferreira, Magda Rhayanny Assunção, and Soares, Luiz Alberto Lira
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Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Planejamento Fatorial ,Foot powder ,Spray Dry Product ,Producto seco por pulverización ,Factor Design ,Produto Seco por Aspersão ,Talco ,Planificación Factorial ,Talco para pies - Abstract
This work aims to obtain and characterize a spray-dried product (SDP) from an extractive solution of Cinnamomum zeylanicum leaves, to produce a talc for feet. Initially, the influence of the amount of drug, solvent and extractive method were verified, through factorial design (22), evaluating as responses the total flavonoid content (TFC), dry residue (DR) and extraction efficiency (EE). In the drying operation the following conditions were studied: inlet temperature and proportion of adjuvants. Three talc formulations containing cinnamon PES were also obtained and evaluated for Carr's Index (CI), Hausner Factor (HF), Angle of Repose (AR) and Moisture. According to the results, negative influence was observed using 5 g drug in relation to TFT (-1.02) and EE (-44.14), whereas the solvent ethanol (100%) showed positive influence on the responses, with better content. As for the extraction method, turbolysis showed positive responses for TFT (+2.03), RS (+3.21) and EE (+1.36), being chosen for the other experiments. In the drying operation, the best results were evidenced when 10% adjuvant and inlet temperature of 100 °C were used in relation to TFT and technological properties (CI, FH and AR). Finally, the determination of excipients and their proportions in the formulation presented satisfactory values for moisture and technological properties. The methodologies employed presented important results to produce a talc for feet based on SDP from C. zeylanicum, however further studies are needed to ensure the safety and efficacy of the finished product. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo obtener y caracterizar un producto secado por pulverización (PSP) a partir de una solución extractiva de las hojas de Cinnamomum zeylanicum, para producir un talco para los pies. Inicialmente, se verificó la influencia de la cantidad de droga, del solvente y del método extractivo, a través de la planificación factorial (22), evaluando como respuestas el contenido total de flavonoides (CTF), el residuo seco (DR) y la eficiencia de extracción (EE). En la operación de secado se estudiaron las condiciones: temperatura de entrada y proporción de adyuvantes. También se obtuvieron tres formulaciones de talco que contenían PES de canela y se evaluaron en cuanto al índice de Carr (CI), el factor de Hausner (HF), el ángulo de reposo (AR) y la humedad. De acuerdo con los resultados, se observó una influencia negativa utilizando 5 g de droga en relación con el TFT (-1,02) y el EE (-44,14), ya el disolvente etanol (100%) mostró una influencia positiva en las respuestas, con mejor contenido. En cuanto al método extractivo, la turbolisis mostró respuestas positivas para TFT (+2,03), RS (+3,21) y EE (+1,36), siendo elegida para los demás experimentos. En la operación de secado, los mejores resultados se evidenciaron cuando se utilizó un 10% de coadyuvante y una temperatura de entrada de 100 °C en relación con el TFT y las propiedades tecnológicas (CI, FH y AR). Finalmente, la determinación de los excipientes y sus proporciones en la formulación presentó valores satisfactorios de humedad y propiedades tecnológicas. Las metodologías empleadas presentaron resultados importantes para la producción de un talco para los pies a base de PSP de C. zeylanicum, sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios para garantizar la seguridad y la eficacia del producto final. Este trabalho tem como objetivo obter e caracterizar um produto seco por aspersão (PSA) a partir de uma solução extrativa das folhas de Cinnamomum zeylanicum, para produção de um talco para pés. Inicialmente foram verificados a influência da quantidade de droga, solvente e método extrativo, através de planejamentos fatoriais (22), avaliando como respostas o teor de flavonoides totais (TFT), resíduo seco (RS) e eficiência de extração (EE). Na operação de secagem foram estudadas as condições: temperatura de entrada e proporção de adjuvantes. Também foram obtidas três formulação de talco contendo PSA de canela e avaliados quanto ao Índice de Carr (IC), Fator de Hausner (FH), Ângulo de repouso (AR) e Umidade. De acordo com os resultados, influência negativa foi observada utilizando 5 g de droga em relação a TFT (-1,02) e EE (-44,14), já o solvente etanol (100%) apresentou influência positiva sobre as respostas, com melhor teor. Quanto ao método extrativo, a turbólise apresentou respostas positivas para TFT (+2,03), RS (+3,21) e EE (+1,36), sendo escolhido para os demais experimentos. Na operação de secagem, os melhores resultados foram evidenciados quando utilizados 10% de adjuvante e temperatura de entrada de 100 °C em relação ao TFT e as propriedades tecnológicas (IC, FH e AR). Por fim, a determinação dos excipientes e suas proporções na formulação apresentaram valores satisfatórios para umidade e propriedades tecnológicas. As metodologias empregadas apresentaram resultados importantes para a produção de um talco para pés a base de PSA de C. zeylanicum, entretanto são necessários mais estudos, a fim de assegurar a segurança e eficácia do produto acabado.
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- 2022
233. Study on cinnamon essential oil release performance based on pH-triggered dynamic mechanism of active packaging for meat preservation
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Junjun Zhang, Jianing Zhang, Xiaowei Huang, Jiyong Shi, Arslan Muhammad, Xiaodong Zhai, Jianbo Xiao, Zhihua Li, Megan Povey, and Xiaobo Zou
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Staphylococcus aureus ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Meat ,Polymers ,Escherichia coli ,Food Packaging ,Oils, Volatile ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Food Science ,Analytical Chemistry ,Anti-Bacterial Agents - Abstract
The regular release kinetics of active ingredients is inconsistent with the demand of meat preservation. Herein, the pH-triggered dynamic mechanism of packaging film was developed based on L100 polymer incorporated with Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) by coaxial electrospinning. The acquired results revealed that UV-vis and fluorescence spectra confirmed the pH release behavior. The fabricated film was quickly dissolved and transformed from solid to liquid phase, resulting in a faster release rate of CEO from 68.9 % to 98.2 % with the pH increasing. The morphological structure verified the core-shell structure formation with a specific surface area value of 7.22 m
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- 2022
234. Anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity and antilipidemic properties: novel bioactivities of true cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) leaf
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Walimuni Prabhashini Kaushalya Mend Abeysekera, Galbada Arachchige Sirimal Premakumara, Wanigasekera Daya Ratnasooriya, and Walimuni Kanchana Subhashini Mendis Abeysekera
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Methylene Chloride ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Plant Extracts ,Methanol ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Esterases ,Nitric Oxide ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Cyclooxygenase 2 ,Superoxides ,Transferases ,Gallic Acid ,Eugenol ,Oils, Volatile ,Coenzyme A ,Oxidoreductases - Abstract
Background The leaf of Ceylon cinnamon (true cinnamon) is traditionally claimed for a variety of health benefits. However, reported scientific information is scanty and needs urgent attention for value addition. Methods Ethanolic (95%) and Dichloromethane:Methanol (DM, 1:1 v/v) leaf extracts of Ceylon cinnamon were evaluated for a range of medically important bioactivities namely anti-inflammatory [nitric oxide scavenging activity (NOSA), superoxide scavenging activity (SCA), COX1 and COX2 inhibition], growth inhibition & cytotoxicity against MCF7, HePG2 and AN3CA carcinoma cell lines, glutathionase-S-transferase (GST) inhibition and antilipidemic (anti-HMG-CoA reductase, anti-lipase, anti-cholesterol esterase, and cholesterol micellization inhibition) properties in vitro (n = 3). Further, a range of bioactive compounds in both leaf extracts was also quantified (n = 3). Results Both leaf extracts had all the investigated bioactive compounds and possessed moderately potent bioactivities compared to the reference drugs used in the study. Ethanolic leaf extract (ELE) exhibited the highest activities (IC50: μg/mL) for NOSA (40.26 ± 0.52), SCA (696.24 ± 40.02), cholesterol esterase inhibition (110.19 ± 1.55), cholesterol micellization inhibition (616.69 ± 7.09), GST inhibition (403.78 ± 2.70) and growth inhibition (GI50: 144.84 ± 1.59-269.00 ± 0.51) & cytotoxicity (LC50: 355.44 ± 9.38-717.71 ± 23.69) against studied cancer cell lines. In contrast, COX1 & COX2 (IC50: 6.62 ± 0.85 and 44.91 ± 3.06 μg/mL) and HMG-CoA reductase & lipase inhibitory activities (36.72 ± 4.74 and 19.71 ± 0.97% inhibition at 200 and 600 μg/mL) were highest in DM extract. ELE also showed the highest quantities (0.81 ± 0.06-104.38 ± 1.79) of tested compounds (mg/g extract) where eugenol was the highest and gallic acid was the lowest among quantified. Conclusion Both leaf extracts of Ceylon cinnamon had all the tested bioactive compounds and possess all the investigated bioactivities. This is the 1st study to report all the investigated bioactivities of the leaf of Ceylon Cinnamon.
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- 2022
235. Health and physiological quality of sorghum seeds treated with aqueous extracts and essential oils
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Nicoletta Stefânia Dias da Silva Flávio, Nilza de Lima Pereira Sales, César Fernandes Aquino, Eriksen Patric Souza Soares, Lucas Franklin Souza Aquino, and Hugo César Rodrigues Moreira Catão
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Sorghum bicolor ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Ocimum gratissimum ,Alternative control ,Germination and seed pathology ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of aqueous extracts and essential oils on seed quality of sorghum cultivar BR 310. Two experiments were conducted, one using sorghum seeds treated with aqueous extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Mentha spicata and another using essential oils of Ocimum gratissimum and Annona crassiflora. For the experiment with extracts concentrations were 0, 10, 20 and 30% and for the oils were 0, 5, 10 and 15 ?L/mL. We evaluated the following characteristics: seed health (Blotter test), germination, first count of germination and germination speed index. The design was a DIC in 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, two oils or two extracts with four concentrations, independent testing. Several fungal species were associated with the seed, and the genus Curvularia the most prevalent. The aqueous extract of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and clove essential oil of basil (Ocimum gratissimum) have shown promise for the treatment of seeds, reducing fungal infestation, especially Curvularia, however have phytotoxic effect reducing the viability and vigor of sorghum seeds.
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- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
236. In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Several Plant Extracts and Oils against Some Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Ayman Al-Mariri and Mazen Safi
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Gram-negative bacteria ,Antibiotic resistance ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Syzygium aromaticum ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: Medicinal plants are considered new resources for producing agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of 28 plant extracts and oils against four Gram-negative bacterial species. Methods: Experimental, in vitro, evaluation of the activities of 28 plant extracts and oils as well as some antibiotics against E. coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica O9, Proteus spp., and Klebsiella pneumoniae was performed. The activity against 15 isolates of each bacterium was determined by disc diffusion method at a concentration of 5%. Microdilution susceptibility assay was used in order to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the plant extracts, oils, and antibiotics. Results: Among the evaluated herbs, only Origanum syriacum L., Thymus syriacus Boiss., Syzygium aromaticum L., Juniperus foetidissima Wild, Allium sativum L., Myristica fragrans Houtt, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum L. essential oils and Laurus nobilis L. plant extract showed anti-bacterial activity. The MIC50 values of these products against the Gram-negative organisms varied from 1.5 (Proteus spp. and K. pneumoniae( and 6.25 µl/ml (Yersinia enterocolitica O9 ) to 12.5 µl/ml (E. coli O:157). Conclusion: Among the studied essential oils, O. syriacum L., T. syriacus Boiss., C. zeylanicum L., and S. aromaticum L. essential oils were the most effective. Moreover, Cephalosporin and Ciprofloxacin were the most effective antibiotics against almost all the studied bacteria. Therefore, O. syriacum L., T. syriacus Boiss., C. zeylanicum L., and S. aromaticum L. could act as bactericidal agents against Gram-negative bacteria.
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- 2014
237. Review Study of Antioxidants and the Cinnamon Oil Effects
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Esraa Mohammed Kadhim
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Antioxidant ,Traditional medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Glutathione ,medicine.disease ,Hydroxycinnamic acid ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Cinnamaldehyde ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Hyperlipidemia ,medicine ,Carbon tetrachloride ,Cinnamon Oil - Abstract
The aim of the study to estimate the antioxidant action and protecting effect of ethanolic cinnamon extract against CCl4 induced toxicity in male rats. To determine the effect of different concentrations of ethanolic cinnamon extract on male rats that fed a high cholesterol diet that induced hyperlipidemia. The experiment has been conducted in the present study., aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective, role of Cinnamomum zeylanicum ethanolic extract in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxic male rats, The cinnamon and its oil reported to have many beneficial uses in food preservation due to antioxidant of cinnamon. The Phenolic compounds extracted from cinnamon such as hydroxyl cinnamaldehyde and the hydroxycinnamic acid act as scavengers of peroxide radicals and avoid oxidative damage (Mathew and Abraham, 2006; Leela, 2008). Ranjbar et al, (2006) observed individuals consuming cinnamon tea showed increased total serum antioxidant status, increased thiols such as glutathione, NADPH, NADH, SOD, and decreased lipid peroxidation.
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- 2021
238. Quality control of Dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): a review
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Kamal Shah, Arun K. S. Parihar, Umakant Sahu, Mayank K. Kulshrestha, K. S. Karbhal, S. R. Inchulkar, and Nagendra Singh Chauhan
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Adulterant ,Psidium ,food.ingredient ,Traditional medicine ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,food ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Cassia ,Herb ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Bark - Abstract
Dalchini bark (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) being a vast treasure of phytoconstitutents have a tremendous ethnomedicinal value. Dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) being a delicious spice with an impressive effects on health and metabolism. Cinnamon barks are available in the market in lot of varieties. So it’s difficult to identify and select dalchini adulterant by numerous substituent and exhausted drugs which are of fewer efficacies and have an harmful effects for human beings. Dalchini are adulterate with Cinnamon cassia, Cinnaniomon burmanii, Cinnaniomon loureirii with other spices and amurud (Psidium guajava, common guava, lemon guava) etc. The present chapter is an attempt to cater various techniques for the identified of the adulterants and substitutes to shot out deterioration of herb potential.
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- 2021
239. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion against multi-species oral biofilms
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Jun-Seon Choi, Yeo-Jin Jeong, Su-Jin Han, and Hee-Eun Kim
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0301 basic medicine ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Cocamidopropyl betaine ,Microorganism ,Science ,030106 microbiology ,Diseases ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Article ,law.invention ,Absorbance ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Inhibitory Concentration 50 ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,Chlorhexidine gluconate ,Multi species ,Oils, Volatile ,Humans ,Food science ,Essential oil ,Mouth ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Chemistry ,Biofilm ,Health care ,030206 dentistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Biofilms ,Nanoparticles ,Medicine ,Emulsions ,Bacteria - Abstract
Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) has antibacterial properties, but its ability to suppress the formation of multi-species oral biofilms has not been fully elucidated. This study evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion (CEON) against oral biofilms formed using a microcosm biofilm model. The biofilms were formed on bovine enamel specimens over a 7-day period, during which all specimens were treated with one of three solutions: 5% CEON (n = 35), 0.5% cocamidopropyl betaine (n = 35), or 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX; n = 35). Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were determined by the red/green ratios (R/G values) of 7-day-old mature biofilms photographed with quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital, the number of aciduric bacterial colony-forming units (CFUs) within each biofilm, and the absorbance of bacterial suspensions. One-way and repeated-measures analysis of variance were performed to compare differences among the three solutions. R/G values were lowest in the 0.12% CHX group, but not significantly differ from the 5% CEON group. The number of CFUs and absorbance were lowest in the 5% CEON group. This study showed that nanoemulsified CEO inhibited the maturation of multi-species oral biofilms and the growth of oral microorganisms in biofilms, including aciduric bacteria that cause dental caries.
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- 2021
240. In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil against clinical multidrug-resistant Shigella isolates
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Mansour Amin, Morteza Saki, and Sousan Akrami
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0301 basic medicine ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Cinnamaldehyde ,law.invention ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Minimum inhibitory concentration ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ,Oils, Volatile ,Genetics ,medicine ,Shigella ,Molecular Biology ,Essential oil ,General Medicine ,Antimicrobial ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Multiple drug resistance ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis - Abstract
As there are little data about the antimicrobial effects of the cinnamon essential oils (EO) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Shigella species, this study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of Cinnamomum zeylanicum EO against the clinical MDR Shigella isolates. Totally 50 MDR Shigella isolates including 17 (34%) S. flexneri, 20 (40%) S. sonnei, and 13 (26%) S. boydii were collected. The isolates were identified by standard phenotypic and molecular methods. The MDR phenotypes were determined as resistant to three antibiotic classes using disc diffusion. The C. zeylanicum EO was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cinnamon EO was evaluated by microtiter broth dilution. The most Shigella isolates 38% (n = 19) were resistant to six antibiotics. The ampicillin-amikacin-cefotaxime-erythromycin-ciprofloxacin-cotrimoxazole resistotype was the most prevalent pattern detected in five S. sonnei, four S. boydii, and three S. flexneri isolates. The result of GC/MS revealed the cinnamaldehyde (84.8%) as the main ingredient of C. zeylanycum EO. The most susceptible strain to the C. zeylanycum EO was S. boydii (MIC range = 0.15-0.62 μl/ml) followed by S. flexneri (MIC range = 0.07-1.25 μl/ml), and S. sonnei (MIC range = 0.15-1.25 μl/ml). The observed ranges of MIC and MBC values of cinnamon EO against Shigella spp. were 0.07-1.25 μl/ml and 0.31-1.25 μl/ml, respectively. The antibacterial effects of cinnamon EO in this study may increase the hope of finding suitable plant compounds to treat infections caused by MDR Shigella isolates.
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- 2021
241. The role of Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil, ( E )‐cinnamaldehyde and ( E )‐cinnamaldehyde oxime in the control of Meloidogyne incognita
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Luma A. Pedroso, Fabíola de Jesus Silva, Júlio Carlos Pereira da Silva, Letícia Lopes de Paula, Aline Ferreira Barros, Denilson F. Oliveira, Geraldo H. Silva, and Vicente Paulo Campos
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biology ,Traditional medicine ,Physiology ,Plant Science ,Oxime ,biology.organism_classification ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Cinnamaldehyde ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,law ,Genetics ,Meloidogyne incognita ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Essential oil - Published
- 2021
242. Osmoacondicionamiento de semillas de Zea mays con extractos vegetales para aumentar el vigor de establecimiento
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José Gregorio Joya Dávila, Sandra Isabel Ramírez González, Sara Azucena del Rosario Jiménez Núñez, Álvaro Álvaro Alvarado Gaona, Saúl Espinosa-Zaragoza, and Orlando López Báez
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tasa de inhibición ,Biofertilizer ,lcsh:S ,Sowing ,General Medicine ,alelopatía ,Biology ,Azadirachta ,biology.organism_classification ,germinación ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,lcsh:Agriculture ,extractos vegetales ,Horticulture ,Dry weight ,Germination ,Dry matter ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Allelopathy - Abstract
Dada la importancia cultural y económica para México del cultivo del maíz, y los efectos sobre la germinación y el desarrollo inicial provocado por malezas, fitopatógenos y condiciones ambientales adversas, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto del osmoacondicionamiento de semillas de maíz sobre la germinación y el desarrollo inicial. Se realizaron dos ensayos; en el primero se estudiaron los resultados de tres extractos vegetales: Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Azadirachta indica y Zingiber officinale; bicarbonato de sodio y el biofertilizante magro. El primero con once tratamientos en un diseño completamente al azar, en el cual se cuantificó la velocidad de emergencia y el porcentaje de germinación. En el segundo ensayo se estudiaron nueve tratamientos, los cuales consistieron en las concentraciones que permitieron la germinación en el primer ensayo; como variables se cuantificaron altura, peso de materia fresca y seca total, y volumen de raíz. Se utilizaron semillas locales de Chiapas, la siembra se realizó en vivero, utilizando arena de río estéril como sustrato. Las semillas que fueron tratadas con bicarbonato de sodio y C. zeylanicum 10 % (V:V) presentaron mayor velocidad de emergencia; el tratamiento bicarbonato de sodio (30 g/L) favoreció la germinación y junto a los tratamientos C. zeylanicum al 10 % (V:V) A. indica al 20 % (V:V) y Z. officinale al 30 % (V:V) registraron los valores más altos de peso fresco de raíz, peso fresco y seco de biomasa aérea, además estimularon el crecimiento aéreo en un 56 % con respecto al tratamiento control (p
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- 2021
243. The Potency of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum to Prevent Diseases: a Review
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Casey Christiany, Ika Rahayu, and Susana Elya Sudrajat
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Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,α glucosidase ,Coumarin ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Cinnamic acid ,Eugenol ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Linalool ,Potency ,Medicine ,business ,Cinnamyl acetate - Abstract
A B S T R A C TPlants are an important source of traditional medicines that can be used to improvehealth. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) has long been recognized to have manybenefits. Cinnamon was used traditionally as a remedy for arthritis, diarrhea, allergiesand ulcers. This literature review aimed to identify the bioactive compounds andbioactivity of cinnamon. Literature searches used PubMed and Google Scholar. A totalof 55 full text articles met the inclusion criteria of the review. The extract or essentialoil of cinnamon contains many bioactive compounds, such as eugenol, cinnamic acid,linalool, β-caryophyllene, coumarin, trans cinnamyl acetate, and 1.8 cineole. Thesecompounds have several bioactivities including anti-cancer, anti-arrhythmia, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-lipidoxidation. Cinnamon extract has an excellent potential as an antioxidant andantidiabetic agent. Its potential and unique taste has contributed to its wide use inherbal remedies.
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- 2021
244. A Comparative Analysis of Bark and Leaf Essential Oil and their Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial Activities and Genotoxicity of North East Indian Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume
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Sarma Neelav, Lal Mohan, Begum Twahira, Kumar Pandey Sudin, Gogoi Roktim, and Loying Rikraj
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Antioxidant ,Traditional medicine ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antimicrobial ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Anti-inflammatory ,law.invention ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,law ,visual_art ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Bark ,Chemical composition ,Genotoxicity ,Essential oil - Abstract
Background: Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume ( Lauraceae) bark and leaf essential oil possesses eugenol as the major component. Both the essential oils have the potential antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, antimicrobial and negligible genotoxicity. Objective: A comparative chemical composition and biological evaluation of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, bark and leaf essential oils, originated from North-East India has been investigated in the present study. Methods: Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis was used to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oil samples. DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and reducing power assay were used for antioxidant activity evaluation. Similarly, egg albumin denaturation assay, protease inhibitory activities were used for anti-inflammatory activity, while genotoxicity was evaluated by using Allium cepa assay and antimicrobial activities using disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration assay. Results: The GC/MS results showed that eugenol is the major component of C. zeylanicum bark (84.48%) and leaf (48.78 %) essential oil. Significant antioxidant activity was observed for both essential oils in the DPPH free radical scavenging assay (IC50= 103.2 μg/mL, bark; IC50= 234.7 μg/mL, leaf), and reducing power assay (absorbance of 1.802 nm, 0.907 nm in 48 μg/mL for bark and leaf essential oil respectively). In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity revealed strong potential of leaf essential oil (protein denaturation assay, IC50= 0.05279 μg/mL; protease inhibitory activity IC50= 3.607 μg/mL) in comparison to bark essential oil (protein denaturation assay IC50= 0.1491, protease inhibitory activity IC50= 61.06). Allium cepa root growth test, mitotic index, and chromosomal aberration test were performed to investigate the genotoxicity of C. zeylanicum bark and leaf essential oil, which resulted in no toxic nature of both the essential oils. Antimicrobial activity against eight bacterial and fungal strains revealed good antimicrobial properties with the MIC value of Staphylococcus aureus at 5 μL/mL (bark), Aspergillus niger at 2.5 μL/mL (bark); Bacillus cereus at 5 μL/mL (leaf) and Aspergillus niger at 2.5 μL/mL (leaf). Conclusion: Collectively, these findings indicated the strong biological potential of both essential oils, although bark essential possesses better biological activities than the leaf essential oil and could be used in the food and beverage industries.
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- 2021
245. Fabrication of kappa–carrageenan hydrogels with cinnamon essential oil/hydroxypropyl–β–cyclodextrin composite: Evaluation of physicochemical properties, release kinetics and antimicrobial activity
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Chao Yuan, Yanli Wang, Bo Cui, and Yawei Liu
- Subjects
Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Kinetics ,Composite number ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,02 engineering and technology ,Carrageenan ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Structural Biology ,Spectrophotometry ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Oils, Volatile ,medicine ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,Chitosan ,0303 health sciences ,Syneresis ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Food Packaging ,Food preservation ,Hydrogels ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Controlled release ,2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Chewiness ,Self-healing hydrogels ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A novel antimicrobial gel composed of κ-carrageenan (KC) and a cinnamon essential oil (CEO)/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) composite was developed. The CEO/HPCD composite was characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and the changes in the principal components of CEO upon encapsulation by HPCD were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The physicochemical properties, release kinetics and antimicrobial activity of the fabricated gels were investigated. The hardness of the KC gels increased with composite concentration in the range of 1.0-3.0% (w/v) and thereafter decreased. A similar trend was observed for the gumminess and chewiness, whereas the gel springiness remained essentially constant. The CEO/HPCD composite also enhanced the fluidity of the system, and the syneresis was positively correlated with the composite concentration. The controlled release of CEO from the gels was affected by the relative humidity (RH) and CEO content. The Ritger-Peppas model indicated that the CEO release kinetics from the gels proceeded through a combination of diffusion and framework erosion. The KC gel containing 5% CEO/HPCD composite displayed effective antimicrobial activity, prolonging the shelf life of sliced bread by at least two days. The reported gels may have potential applications as a promising material for food preservation.
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- 2021
246. Effect of liquid whey protein concentrate–based edible coating enriched with cinnamon carbon dioxide extract on the quality and shelf life of Eastern European curd cheese
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Marta Henriques, Justina Mileriene, Carlos Eduardo Pereira, Lina Lauciene, Mindaugas Malakauskas, Neringa Kasetiene, Loreta Serniene, Dalia Sekmokiene, Kristina Kondrotiene, and David Gomes
- Subjects
Whey protein ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Food Contamination ,Food technology ,engineering.material ,Shelf life ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Coating ,Cheese ,Lactobacillales ,Genetics ,Animals ,Food science ,Edible Films ,Flavor ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Moisture ,Plant Extracts ,business.industry ,0402 animal and dairy science ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Carbon Dioxide ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Lactic acid ,Eastern european ,Whey Proteins ,Food Storage ,chemistry ,Taste ,Plant Bark ,engineering ,Animal Science and Zoology ,business ,Food Science - Abstract
Fresh unripened curd cheese has long been a well-known Eastern European artisanal dairy product; however, due to possible cross-contamination from manual production steps, high moisture content (50–60%), and metabolic activity of present lactic acid bacteria, the shelf life of curd cheese is short (10–20 d). Therefore, the aim of this study was to improve the shelf life of Eastern European acid-curd cheese by applying an antimicrobial protein-based (5%, wt/wt) edible coating. The bioactive edible coating was produced from liquid whey protein concentrate (a cheese production byproduct) and fortified with 0.3% (wt/wt, solution basis) Chinese cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum cassia) CO2 extract. The effect of coating on the cheese was evaluated within package-free (group 1) and additionally vacuum packaged (group 2) conditions to represent types of cheeses sold by small and big scale manufacturers. The cheese samples were examined over 31 d of storage for changes of microbiological (total bacterial count, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and molds, coliforms, enterobacteria, Staphylococcus spp.), physicochemical (pH, lactic acid, protein, fat, moisture, color change, rheological, and sensory properties). The controlled experiment revealed that in group 1, applied coating affected appearance and color by preserving moisture and decreasing growth of yeasts and molds during prolonged package-free cheese storage. In group 2, coating did not affect moisture, color, or texture, but had a strong antimicrobial effect, decreasing the counts of yeasts and molds by 0.79 to 1.55 log cfu/g during 31 d of storage. In both groups, coating had no effect on pH, lactic acid, protein, and fat contents. Evaluated sensory properties (appearance, odor, taste, texture, and overall acceptability) of all samples were similar, indicating no effect of the coating on the flavor of curd cheese. The edible coating based on liquid whey protein concentrate with the incorporation of cinnamon extract was demonstrated to efficiently extend the shelf life of perishable fresh curd cheese, enhance its functional value, and contribute to a more sustainable production process.
- Published
- 2021
247. Efficiency of cinnamon and clove essential oils as sanitizers in the food industry
- Author
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Carolina Beraldo, Natália Silva Daneluzzi, Juliana Scanavacca, Júlio Toshimi Doyama, Ary Fernandes Júnior, and Cristiane Mengue Feniman Moritz
- Subjects
Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Syzygium aromaticum ,microorganism control ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The traditional chemical sanitizers used in the food industry have the disadvantage of a possible development of bacterial resistance and adaptation, interfering with their minimum bactericidal efficiency. Essential oils with antimicrobial activity arouse great interest in the food industry for their possible use as active ingredients of sanitizers. This study aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cinnamon and clove essential oils (EOs) against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeriamono cytogenes) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp.) bacteria, as well as compare it with the MIC of sodium hypochlorite, and to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of EOs for L. monocytogenes. The microdilution method was used and the EOs were chemically characterized by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. The main components of the cinnamon and clove EOs were respectively cinnamaldehyde (67.58%) and eugenol (77.58%). The cinnamon EO MIC was 0.04% for Gram-positive bacteria and < 0.02% for Gram-negative bacteria. The clove EO showed MIC of 0.04% for Salmonella sp., 0.06% for E. coli and S. aureus and 0.08% for L. monocytogenes. For all bacteria tested the sodium hypochlorite MIC was > 0.2%. The MBC for L. monocytogenes of the clove EO was 0.18%, while the cinnamon EO distinguished itself for presenting MBC < 0.02%, demonstrating the possibility of using these EOs, especially the cinnamon one, as active principles of sanitizers.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
248. Gelatin films functionalized by lignocellulose nanocrystals-tannic acid stabilized Pickering emulsions: Influence of cinnamon essential oil
- Author
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Hongjie, Dai, Yuan, Chen, Hai, Chen, Yu, Fu, Liang, Ma, Hongxia, Wang, Yong, Yu, Hankun, Zhu, and Yuhao, Zhang
- Subjects
Steam ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Oils, Volatile ,Sunflower Oil ,Gelatin ,Nanoparticles ,Emulsions ,General Medicine ,Tannins ,Antioxidants ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Food Science ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
The Pickering emulsions containing cinnamon essential oil (CEO) stabilized by lignocellulose nanocrystals-tannic acid (LCNC-TA) complexes were used to improve properties of gelatin film. The influences of various volume proportion mixed oil (sunflower oil/CEO 1:0, 5:1, 2:1 and 1:1) were investigated. Introducing CEO reduced the droplet size approximately from 57 to 30 μm, facilitating droplet distribution in film matrix. With increasing CEO proportion, the surface structure of emulsion films became uniform without micropores or cavities, showing good compatibility with film matrix during film-forming process. Furthermore, increasing CEO proportion improved tensile strength (TS, 3.75-4.61 MPa) and water vapor permeability (WVP, 9.16 × 10
- Published
- 2023
249. Potential of essential oil combinations for surface and air disinfection
- Author
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Seyda Gul, Gulden Kilic, Seyda Senturk, Ilkin Yucel Sengun, and Ege Üniversitesi
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Aerobic bacteria ,Disinfectant ,Active components ,environmental health ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,antimicrobials ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,law ,Origanum ,Yeasts ,010608 biotechnology ,Escherichia coli ,Oils, Volatile ,Oil concentration ,Food science ,disinfection ,Essential oil ,agriculture ,0303 health sciences ,030306 microbiology ,Chemistry ,E. coli ,Antimicrobial ,Ambient air ,Disinfectants ,Mesophile - Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to develop a novel disinfectant from various essential oils containing active components with antimicrobial activity. The mixture of oregano, cinnamon and clove oils (1 : 1 : 1) with 10% oil concentration (SOM) was used as potential disinfectant on various areas and showed the highest antimicrobial activity among oil combinations tested. SOM reduced the numbers of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB; 2.27 log CFU per 25 cm 2) and Escherichia coli (4.60 log CFU per 25 cm(2)) under the detection limits. Application of SOM (1, 2, 3, 4 and 6%) into incubators reduced TMAB and mould-yeast counts of incubator air by 82.9 and 100% respectively. SOM application (3%) into ambient air also reduced its TMAB and mould-yeast counts by 92 and 84.6% respectively. While ethanol is commonly used for the disinfection of environments, equipment and surfaces, SOM is an important alternative that may also be used for the disinfection of various surfaces as well as air.
- Published
- 2021
250. Beneficial effects of cinnamon and its extracts in the management of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes
- Author
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Laiyun Xin, Zihuan Shen, Zhilin Jiang, Jialiang Gao, Chang Shang, Xuqin Fang, Yuling Wang, Mi Xiang, Hongchen Lin, Yingdong Lu, Yi Qu, and Xiangning Cui
- Subjects
Cinnamomum zeylanicum ,Endothelium ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Adipose tissue ,Blood lipids ,Inflammation ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Pharmacology ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,medicine.disease_cause ,Functional Food ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet activation ,Plant Extracts ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Oxidative stress ,Phytotherapy ,Food Science - Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes are the leading causes of death worldwide, which underlines the urgent necessity to develop new pharmacotherapies. Cinnamon has been an eminent component of spice and traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Numerous lines of findings have elucidated that cinnamon has beneficial effects against CVDs in various ways, including endothelium protection, regulation of immune response, lowering blood lipids, antioxidative properties, anti-inflammatory properties, suppression of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth and mobilization, repression of platelet activity and thrombosis and inhibition of angiogenesis. Furthermore, emerging evidence has established that cinnamon improves diabetes, a crucial risk factor for CVDs, by enhancing insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion; regulating the enzyme activity involved in glucose; regulating glucose metabolism in the liver, adipose tissue and muscle; ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation to protect islet cells; and improving diabetes complications. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms by which cinnamon regulates CVDs and diabetes in order to provide a theoretical basis for the further clinical application of cinnamon.
- Published
- 2021
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