6,116 results on '"Dsouza, A"'
Search Results
202. Association of Scrub Typhus in Children with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome and Meningoencephalitis, Southern India
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Damodar, Tina, Singh, Bhagteshwar, Prabhu, Namratha, Marate, Srilatha, Gowda, Vykuntaraju K., Lalitha, A.V., Dsouza, Fulton Sebastian, Sajjan, Sushma Veeranna, Kariyappa, Mallesh, Kinhal, Uddhava V., Prathyusha, P.V., Desai, Anita, Thennarasu, Kandavel, Solomon, Tom, Ravi, Vasanthapuram, and Yadav, Ravi
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Encephalitis -- Statistics -- Causes of ,Communicable diseases in children -- Statistics -- Causes of -- Complications and side effects ,Scrub typhus -- Statistics -- Diagnosis -- Complications and side effects ,Pediatric research ,Health - Abstract
Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacterium, Orientia tsutsugamushi. It is transmitted through chigger mites and is considered endemic to the tsutsugamushi triangle [...]
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- 2023
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203. Factors Influencing Monkeypox Vaccination: A Cue to Policy Implementation
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Rajkhowa, Priyobrat, Dsouza, Viola Savy, Kharel, Rashmi, Cauvery, K., Mallya, B. Rashmi, Raksha, D. S., Mrinalini, V., Sharma, Preejana, Pattanshetty, Sanjay, Narayanan, Prakash, Lahariya, Chandrakant, and Brand, Helmut
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- 2023
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204. Thalidomide interaction with inflammation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
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Dsouza, Nikitha Naomi, Alampady, Varun, Baby, Krishnaprasad, Maity, Swastika, Byregowda, Bharath Harohalli, and Nayak, Yogendra
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- 2023
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205. Efficacy of Eyelid Taping with and without Ocular Lubricants in Patients Receiving General Anaesthesia: A Prospective Interventional Study
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Joylin Stephany Dsouza, Apoorva Harish Shetty, and Lobo Manuel Alexander
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corneal injuries ,eye protective devices ,perioperative period ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Corneal Abrasion (CA) is the most common ophthalmic complication that occurs after General Anaesthesia (GA) in non ocular surgeries. GA results in reduced basal tear volume, loss of light reflex, and lack of pain perception, resulting in corneal drying. This makes the cornea susceptible to abrasion and keratitis. Research suggests that preventing corneal mechanical exposure and providing artificial tears can help mitigate these risks. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of eye taping with and without Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) drops in preventing perioperative CA. Materials and Methods: This prospective comparative interventional study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesia, Justice Hegde KS Charitable Hospital in Mangaluru, India, from June 2021 to November 2021. A total of 122 patients who underwent GA for non ocular surgeries lasting more than 45 minutes were grouped into group T or group D, depending on whether their eyes were only taped during GA (T) using hypoallergenic adhesive tape or had HPMC drops instilled in their eyes along with tape (D). Participants were evaluated 2 and 12 hours after the end of GA in the postanaesthesia care unit using a questionnaire to assess eye symptoms. Conjunctival hyperaemia and chemosis were evaluated using scoring systems. Other parameters noted included age, gender distribution, type, and duration of surgery. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test/likelihood ratio was performed to assess the association between the eye protection method used and postsurgical outcomes. Results: Out of the 122 patients who received either of the two eye protection methods under GA, 68 (55.7%) were females and 54 (44.3%) were males. A total of 85 (69.6%) were between the ages of 20-60 years, while 29 (23.8%) were above the age of 60 years. There was no statistically significant association found between the age or gender of the patients and the eye protection method used. No statistically significant difference was noted between the duration, type of surgeries, and the eye protection method used in this study. There was no statistical significance (p-value>0.05) noted with respect to the conjunctival hyperaemia and chemosis scoring in the two groups. However, 15 (24.6%) patients in group D were found to have adhesive lids two hours postsurgery. There was an association (p-value
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- 2023
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206. Measuring vibrations on a biofidelic brain using ferroelectret nanogenerator
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Henry Dsouza, Bianca M. Dávila-Montero, Ian Gonzalez Afanador, Gerardo Morales Torres, Yunqi Cao, Ricardo Mejia-Alvarez, and Nelson Sepúlveda
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Our knowledge of traumatic brain injury has been fast growing with the emergence of new markers pointing to various neurological changes that the brain undergoes during an impact or any other form of concussive event. In this work, we study the modality of deformations on a biofidelic brain system when subject to blunt impacts, highlighting the importance of the time-dependent behavior of the resulting waves propagating through the brain. This study is carried out using two different approaches involving optical (Particle Image Velocimetry) and mechanical (flexible sensors) in the biofidelic brain. Results show that the system has a natural mechanical frequency of $$\sim $$ ∼ 25 oscillations per second, which was confirmed by both methods, showing a positive correlation with one another. The consistency of these results with previously reported brain pathology validates the use of either technique, and establishes a new, simpler mechanism to study brain vibrations by using flexible piezoelectric patches. The visco-elastic nature of the biofidelic brain is validated by observing the the relationship between both methods at two different time intervals, by using the information of the strain and stress inside the brain from the Particle Image Velocimetry and flexible sensor, respectively. A non-linear stress-strain relationship was observed and justified to support the same.
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- 2023
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207. Vision Based Skin Cancer Detection
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Sonawane, Kavita, primary and Dsouza, Gavin, additional
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- 2023
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208. Effectiveness and tolerability of liraglutide for the management of weight regain following sleeve gastrectomy
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Mohammad Jamal, Wafa Qasem, Fatima Hamshari, Carol Dsouza, Nagi Alqallaf, Paul Otiku, and Chukwudi A. Nnaji
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bariatric surgery ,liraglutide ,obesity ,sleeve‐gastrectomy ,weight management ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 - Abstract
Abstract Background There is currently very little research evidence on the benefits and safety of liraglutide in the management of weight regain or inadequate weight loss following metabolic and bariatric surgery. This study aimed to determine the clinical effectiveness and tolerability of liraglutide as an adjunct therapy for managing weight regain and inadequate weight loss following sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of medical records conducted at a private clinic in Kuwait. Results Data of 57 post‐SG patients were included in the analysis. The mean (±SD) pre‐treatment weight was 96.12 (29.26) kg. Following a median liraglutide treatment duration of approximately 3 months, the mean post‐treatment weight was 90.19 (26.82) kg. This represents a statistically significant mean weight loss of 5.94 (6.31) kg (p
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- 2024
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209. Polyelectrolyte Complexation of Chitosan and WS2 Nanotubes
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Eimear Magee, Fengwei Xie, Stefano Farris, Andrea Dsouza, Chrystala Constantinidou, Alla Zak, Reshef Tenne, and Tony McNally
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antimicrobial efficacy ,barrier properties ,chitosan ,composite ,polyelectrolyte complex ,WS2 nanotubes ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Technology - Abstract
Abstract The inclusion of tungsten disulphide nanotubes (WS2 NTs) in chitosan, plasticized with glycerol, facilitates the formation of a polyelectrolyte complex. The glycerol interrupts the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between chitosan chains allowing positively charged protonated amines of chitosan to form a complex with negatively charged oxygen ions chemisorbed to the tungsten atoms in defects. These interactions, with the unique mechanical and chemical properties of WS2 NTs, result in a chitosan film with superior properties relative to unfilled chitosan. Even at low WS2 NT loadings (≤1 wt%), the Young's modulus (E) increases by 59%, tensile strength (σ) by 40% and tensile toughness by 74%, compared to neat chitosan, without sacrificing ductility. Addition of highly dispersed WS2 NTs significantly improves the gas barrier properties of chitosan, with a 50% reduction in oxygen permeability, while the addition of both glycerol and WS2 NTs to chitosan effectively reduces the carbon dioxide permeability by 80% and the water vapor transmission rate by 90%. The intrinsic antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria is enhanced on inclusion of WS2 NTs. Polyelectrolyte complexation of WS2 NTs and glycerol‐plasticized chitosan provides a cost‐effective, sustainable route to biodegradable films with desirable mechanical, gas barrier properties, and antimicrobial efficacy suitable for food packaging applications.
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- 2024
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210. A comparative genomic approach to decipher the mutations associated with Nipah viral human isolates from southeast Asia
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Norine Norbert Dsouza and Selvaa Kumar Chellasamy
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Nipah virus ,Phylogeny ,Synonymous mutations ,Mutations ,Host-pathogen interaction ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Multiple outbreaks over two decades and a high mortality rate have emphasized the Nipah virus (NiV) as a priority research area. The study focuses on identifying the mutational landscape in sequences from NiV human isolates from different geographical regions. Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven NiV genomes of human samples from Malaysia, Bangladesh, and India were subjected to phylogeny and metagenomic analysis to decipher the genome variability using MEGA11 software and the meta-CATS web server. Using the Single-Likelihood Ancestor Counting method, the synonymous and nonsynonymous mutations among NiV genes were identified. Further, the nonsynonymous variations were used to identify mutations in all the NiV proteins. Results: The NiV isolates were categorized into NiV-M, NiV-B, and NiV-I clades based on phylogenetic analysis. Metagenomic analysis revealed 1636 variations in the noncoding and coding regions of the genomes of the three clades of NiV. Further analysis of nonsynonymous mutations showed the phosphoprotein to be highly mutating, whereas the matrix protein was stable. Conclusion: Deciphering the mutation pattern using a comparative genomics approach for human isolates provided valuable insight into the stability of NiV proteins which can be further used for understanding variations in host-pathogen interaction and developing effective therapeutic measures.
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- 2024
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211. TLR7 activation by imiquimod worsens glycemic control in female FVB/N mice consuming a high‐fat diet
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Rahul M. Kakalij, Del L. Dsouza, LiGyeom Ha, and Erika I. Boesen
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autoimmunity ,hyperglycemia ,imiquimod ,metabolic syndrome ,toll‐like receptor 7 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Abstract Toll‐like receptor‐7 (TLR7) activation promotes autoimmunity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common comorbidity in patients with autoimmune disease. We previously demonstrated hyperinsulinemia in TLR7 agonist imiquimod (IMQ)‐treated, high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed female C57BL/6 mice. Since mouse strains differ in susceptibility to MetS and target organ damage, this study investigated whether 12 weeks of exposure to HFD and IMQ promoted MetS, autoimmunity, and target organ damage in female FVB/N mice. Supporting early‐stage autoimmunity, spleen‐to‐tibia ratio, and anti‐nuclear antibodies (ANA) were significantly increased by IMQ. No significant effect of IMQ on urinary albumin excretion or left ventricular hypertrophy was observed. HFD increased liver‐to‐tibia ratio, which was further exacerbated by IMQ. HFD increased fasting blood glucose levels at the end of 12 weeks, but there was no significant effect of IMQ treatment on fasting blood glucose levels at 6 or 12 weeks of treatment. However, oral glucose tolerance testing at 12 weeks revealed impaired glucose tolerance in HFD‐fed mice compared to control diet mice together with IMQ treatment exacerbating the impairment. Accordingly, these data suggest TLR7 activation also exacerbates HFD‐induced dysregulation of glucose handling FVB/N mice, supporting the possibility that endogenous TLR7 activation may contribute to dysglycemia in patients with autoimmune disease.
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- 2024
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212. Association between physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare students
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MinatAllah Alhusami, Noora Jatan, Skylar Dsouza, and Meshal A. Sultan
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physical activity ,exercise ,medical students ,nursing students ,dental students ,biomedical sciences students ,Sports ,GV557-1198.995 - Abstract
ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between physical activity (PA) and sleep quality (SQ) in Mohammed Bin Rashid University (MBRU) students in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Taking into account this being one of the first studies exploring this aspect among healthcare students in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries.MethodsThis is an analytical cross-sectional study that involved disseminating online surveys via email to students of all 5 colleges in MBRU between March-June 2023. The survey encompassed queries on demographics, the Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale (SGPALS), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).ResultsThe survey was completed by 105 students. Most students were from the medical college (98/105; 93.3%) and were females (84/105; 80.0%). Females engaged the most in low PA (44.0%) while males engaged the most in high PA (42.9%) according to the IPAQ-SF. There was a significant association between SGPALS and gender (p = 0.007, X2 = 12.0). The global PSQI score showed that 70.5% of the students had bad-quality sleep. Sleep efficiency and leisurely PA are significantly negatively correlated (p = 0.026, ρ = −0.217) while sitting minutes and sleep duration are significantly positively correlated (p = 0.030, r = 0.212).ConclusionSignificant negative correlations between sleep efficiency and leisurely PA demonstrate that while exercise has been implicated in the improvement of SQ, excessive exercise can behave as an additional stressor and induce negative changes in the SQ of healthcare students. Meanwhile, significant positive correlations between sleep duration and sitting indicate that adequate rest should not be undervalued in its effects on sleep. Furthermore, the findings of this study highlight public health implications that warrant attention by educators and policymakers in academic health systems.
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- 2024
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213. IgG responses against SARS-CoV-2 vaccines AZD1222 and BBV-152 and breakthrough infections among health care workers in southern India
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Anusha Rohit, Caroline DSouza, Suresh Kumar, Meenachi Ct, Vinothini V, Siva Perumal, M. Philip, Raju George, and Iddya Karunasagar
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Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
IgG antibodies elicited in response to SARS-CoV-2 are critical in determining the protection achieved through vaccination. The present longitudinal study aims to assess the immune response generated through AZD1222 & BBV-152 vaccination among health care workers (HCWs) in a selected hospital. Serum IgG levels were measured approximately at 1.5 months and 6 months after the first and second vaccination. The final assessment was done 12 months after the first vaccination to analyse the sustained antibody levels. Results showed a progressive increase in antibody titres as a function of time. 26 HCWs in all had SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection, but their antibody titres were not significantly higher compared to COVID-19 naïve individuals. However, a comparative analysis showed considerably higher antibody titre in those who received the AZD1222 vaccine among this cohort. AZD1222 vaccination was significantly associated with seropositivity in the first and second assessments. Female HCWs showed significantly higher seropositivity, and participants above 60 years showed considerably reduced antibody titre in the first assessment. However, the final assessment showed no association with these variables, with 97.1 % of participants reporting to be seropositive. The results indicate good antibody response and potential protection against SARS CoV-2.
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- 2024
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214. Etiologies underlying subtypes of long-standing type 2 diabetes.
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Riad Bayoumi, Muhammad Farooqi, Fatheya Alawadi, Mohamed Hassanein, Aya Osama, Debasmita Mukhopadhyay, Fatima Abdul, Fatima Sulaiman, Stafny Dsouza, Fahad Mulla, Fayha Ahmed, Mouza AlSharhan, and Amar Khamis
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundAttempts to subtype, type 2 diabetes (T2D) have mostly focused on newly diagnosed European patients. In this study, our aim was to subtype T2D in a non-white Emirati ethnic population with long-standing disease, using unsupervised soft clustering, based on etiological determinants.MethodsThe Auto Cluster model in the IBM SPSS Modeler was used to cluster data from 348 Emirati patients with long-standing T2D. Five predictor variables (fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FSI), body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and age at diagnosis) were used to determine the appropriate number of clusters and their clinical characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression was used to validate clustering results.ResultsFive clusters were identified; the first four matched Ahlqvist et al subgroups: severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD), mild age-related diabetes (MARD), mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD), and a fifth new subtype of mild early onset diabetes (MEOD). The Modeler algorithm allows for soft assignments, in which a data point can be assigned to multiple clusters with different probabilities. There were 151 patients (43%) with membership in cluster peaks with no overlap. The remaining 197 patients (57%) showed extensive overlap between clusters at the base of distributions.ConclusionsDespite the complex picture of long-standing T2D with comorbidities and complications, our study demonstrates the feasibility of identifying subtypes and their underlying causes. While clustering provides valuable insights into the architecture of T2D subtypes, its application to individual patient management would remain limited due to overlapping characteristics. Therefore, integrating simplified, personalized metabolic profiles with clustering holds greater promise for guiding clinical decisions than subtyping alone.
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- 2024
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215. Effect of healthcare expenditure on the health related quality of life among diabetic patients of South India: A cross- sectional study
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Ananthesh L, Rasheal Maria Cutinha, Soumya Swaroop Sahoo, Jaclyn Drishal Dsouza, Shraddha Shetty, Chaitrashree Gururaj, and Adithi Kellarai
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Diabetes mellitus ,Healthcare expenditure ,Health related quality of life ,T2DM ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus imposes a huge economic burden along with impairing health related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of healthcare expenditure on HRQoL among diabetic patients. Methods: A Cross -Sectional study was carried out among 328 Type 2 diabetics in Southern India. HRQoL was assessed using EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and data regarding expenditure were gathered using a validated questionnaire. Poisson regression and Multivariate regression analysis were performed to predict the factors associated with healthcare expenditure and quality of life respectively. Results: The annual expenditure in management of diabetes was INR 10969.6 (USD 132.83) with direct medical cost INR 8727 (USD 105.67) forming the bulk. 11.6% of participants spent over 30% of their annual income in diabetes care. Older age group, being obese, lower socioeconomic status, longer duration of diabetes, presence of complication, episodes of hospitalization were associated with higher healthcare expenditure. Mean quality of life score was 0.84 ± 0.13 and mean visual analog score was 73.15 ± 11.21. Participants with EQ-5D-5L index of range (0.0–0.3) had an expenditure of INR 31703.56. On linear regression analysis, proportion of total income spent for diabetes care was associated with poor quality of life (β = −0.163, 95% CI = −0.239 to −0.086, p
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- 2024
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216. Hidden curricula in academic medicine: Streamlining success for early career scholars from majority and diverse backgrounds
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Felicity T. Enders, Elizabeth H. Golembiewski, Karen N. DSouza, Ashley E. Martin, and Cassie C. Kennedy
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Professional development ,hidden curriculum ,mentorship ,leadership ,academic medicine ,Medicine - Abstract
The hidden curriculum (HC), or implicit norms and values within a field or institution, affects faculty at all career stages. This study surveyed affiliates of a junior faculty training program (n = 12) to assess the importance of HC topics for junior faculty, mentors, and institutional leaders. For non-diverse junior faculty and their mentors, work-life balance, research logistics, and resilience were key HC topics. Coping with bias and assertive communication were emphasized for diverse junior faculty and mentors. Institutional norms and vision were essential for leaders, while networking was important for all groups. Future research should explore HC needs and potential interventions.
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- 2024
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217. Leveraging technology-driven strategies to untangle omics big data: circumventing roadblocks in clinical facets of oral cancer
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Kshreeraja S. Satish, Kamatchi Sundara Saravanan, Dominic Augustine, Ganesan Rajalekshmi Saraswathy, Sowmya S. V, Samar Saeed Khan, Vanishri C. H, Shreshtha Chakraborty, Prizvan Lawrence Dsouza, Kavya H. N, Ibrahim F. Halawani, Fuad M. Alzahrani, Khalid J. Alzahrani, and Shankargouda Patil
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oral cancer ,omics ,machine learning ,diagnosis ,prognosis ,therapy ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the 19most rapidly progressing cancers associated with significant mortality, owing to its extreme degree of invasiveness and aggressive inclination. The early occurrences of this cancer can be clinically deceiving leading to a poor overall survival rate. The primary concerns from a clinical perspective include delayed diagnosis, rapid disease progression, resistance to various chemotherapeutic regimens, and aggressive metastasis, which collectively pose a substantial threat to prognosis. Conventional clinical practices observed since antiquity no longer offer the best possible options to circumvent these roadblocks. The world of current cancer research has been revolutionized with the advent of state-of-the-art technology-driven strategies that offer a ray of hope in confronting said challenges by highlighting the crucial underlying molecular mechanisms and drivers. In recent years, bioinformatics and Machine Learning (ML) techniques have enhanced the possibility of early detection, evaluation of prognosis, and individualization of therapy. This review elaborates on the application of the aforesaid techniques in unraveling potential hints from omics big data to address the complexities existing in various clinical facets of oral cancer. The first section demonstrates the utilization of omics data and ML to disentangle the impediments related to diagnosis. This includes the application of technology-based strategies to optimize early detection, classification, and staging via uncovering biomarkers and molecular signatures. Furthermore, breakthrough concepts such as salivaomics-driven non-invasive biomarker discovery and omics-complemented surgical interventions are articulated in detail. In the following part, the identification of novel disease-specific targets alongside potential therapeutic agents to confront oral cancer via omics-based methodologies is presented. Additionally, a special emphasis is placed on drug resistance, precision medicine, and drug repurposing. In the final section, we discuss the research approaches oriented toward unveiling the prognostic biomarkers and constructing prediction models to capture the metastatic potential of the tumors. Overall, we intend to provide a bird’s eye view of the various omics, bioinformatics, and ML approaches currently being used in oral cancer research through relevant case studies.
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- 2024
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218. Amadeus: Scalable, Privacy-Preserving Live Video Analytics
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Dsouza, Sandeep, Bahl, Victor, Ao, Lixiang, and Cox, Landon P.
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Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ,Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture ,D.4.7 - Abstract
Smart-city applications ranging from traffic management to public-safety alerts rely on live analytics of video from surveillance cameras in public spaces. However, a growing number of government regulations stipulate how data collected from these cameras must be handled in order to protect citizens' privacy. This paper describes Amadeus, which balances privacy and utility by redacting video in near realtime for smart-city applications. Our main insight is that whitelisting objects, or blocking by default, is crucial for scalable, privacy-preserving video analytics. In the context of modern object detectors, we prove that whitelisting reduces the risk of an object-detection error leading to a privacy violation, and helps Amadeus scale to a large and diverse set of applications. In particular, Amadeus utilizes whitelisting to generate composable encrypted object-specific live streams, which simultaneously meet the requirements of multiple applications in a privacy-preserving fashion, while reducing the compute and streaming-bandwidth requirements at the edge. Experiments with our Amadeus prototype show that compared to blacklisting objects, whitelisting yields significantly better privacy (up to ~28x) and bandwidth savings (up to ~5.5x). Additionally, our experiments also indicate that the composable live streams generated by Amadeus are usable by real-world applications with minimum utility loss., Comment: 17 pages, 19 figures
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- 2020
219. Multi-Stage CNN Architecture for Face Mask Detection
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Chavda, Amit, Dsouza, Jason, Badgujar, Sumeet, and Damani, Ankit
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing - Abstract
The end of 2019 witnessed the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has continued to be the cause of plight for millions of lives and businesses even in 2020. As the world recovers from the pandemic and plans to return to a state of normalcy, there is a wave of anxiety among all individuals, especially those who intend to resume in-person activity. Studies have proved that wearing a face mask significantly reduces the risk of viral transmission as well as provides a sense of protection. However, it is not feasible to manually track the implementation of this policy. Technology holds the key here. We introduce a Deep Learning based system that can detect instances where face masks are not used properly. Our system consists of a dual-stage Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture capable of detecting masked and unmasked faces and can be integrated with pre-installed CCTV cameras. This will help track safety violations, promote the use of face masks, and ensure a safe working environment.
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- 2020
220. Large-scale nonlinear Granger causality: A data-driven, multivariate approach to recovering directed networks from short time-series data
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Wismüller, Axel, DSouza, Adora M., and Abidin, Anas Z.
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Information Theory ,Statistics - Machine Learning ,I.5.1 - Abstract
To gain insight into complex systems it is a key challenge to infer nonlinear causal directional relations from observational time-series data. Specifically, estimating causal relationships between interacting components in large systems with only short recordings over few temporal observations remains an important, yet unresolved problem. Here, we introduce a large-scale Nonlinear Granger Causality (lsNGC) approach for inferring directional, nonlinear, multivariate causal interactions between system components from short high-dimensional time-series recordings. By modeling interactions with nonlinear state-space transformations from limited observational data, lsNGC identifies casual relations with no explicit a priori assumptions on functional interdependence between component time-series in a computationally efficient manner. Additionally, our method provides a mathematical formulation revealing statistical significance of inferred causal relations. We extensively study the ability of lsNGC to recovering network structure from two-node to thirty-four node chaotic time-series systems. Our results suggest that lsNGC captures meaningful interactions from limited observational data, where it performs favorably when compared to traditionally used methods. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of lsNGC to estimating causality in large, real-world systems by inferring directional nonlinear, multivariate causal relationships among a large number of relatively short time-series acquired from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data of the human brain., Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures
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- 2020
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221. Repeated radiation damage and thermal annealing of avalanche photodiodes
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DSouza, Ian, Bourgoin, Jean-Philippe, Higgins, Brendon L., Lim, Jin Gyu, Tannous, Ramy, Agne, Sascha, Moffat, Brian, Makarov, Vadim, and Jennewein, Thomas
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are well-suited for single-photon detection on quantum communication satellites as they are a mature technology with high detection efficiency without requiring cryogenic cooling. They are, however, prone to significantly increased thermal noise caused by in-orbit radiation damage. Previous work demonstrated that a one-time application of thermal annealing reduces radiation-damage-induced APD thermal noise. Here we examine the effect of cyclical proton irradiation and thermal annealing. We use an accelerated testing environment which emulates a realistic two-year operating profile of a satellite in low-Earth-orbit. We show that repeated thermal annealing is effective at maintaining thermal noise of silicon APDs within a range suitable for quantum key distribution throughout the nominal mission life, and beyond. We examine two strategies -- annealing at a fixed period of time, and annealing only when the thermal noise exceeds a pre-defined limit. We find both strategies exhibit similar thermal noise at end-of-life, with a slight overall advantage to annealing conditionally. We also observe that afterpulsing probability of the detector increases with cumulative proton irradiation. This knowledge helps guide design and tasking decisions for future space-borne quantum communication applications., Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures
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- 2020
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222. Automated Identification of Thoracic Pathology from Chest Radiographs with Enhanced Training Pipeline
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DSouza, Adora M., Abidin, Anas Z., and Wismüller, Axel
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,I.5.4 ,I.5.2 ,I.2.0 - Abstract
Chest x-rays are the most common radiology studies for diagnosing lung and heart disease. Hence, a system for automated pre-reporting of pathologic findings on chest x-rays would greatly enhance radiologists' productivity. To this end, we investigate a deep-learning framework with novel training schemes for classification of different thoracic pathology labels from chest x-rays. We use the currently largest publicly available annotated dataset ChestX-ray14 of 112,120 chest radiographs of 30,805 patients. Each image was annotated with either a 'NoFinding' class, or one or more of 14 thoracic pathology labels. Subjects can have multiple pathologies, resulting in a multi-class, multi-label problem. We encoded labels as binary vectors using k-hot encoding. We study the ResNet34 architecture, pre-trained on ImageNet, where two key modifications were incorporated into the training framework: (1) Stochastic gradient descent with momentum and with restarts using cosine annealing, (2) Variable image sizes for fine-tuning to prevent overfitting. Additionally, we use a heuristic algorithm to select a good learning rate. Learning with restarts was used to avoid local minima. Area Under receiver operating characteristics Curve (AUC) was used to quantitatively evaluate diagnostic quality. Our results are comparable to, or outperform the best results of current state-of-the-art methods with AUCs as follows: Atelectasis:0.81, Cardiomegaly:0.91, Consolidation:0.81, Edema:0.92, Effusion:0.89, Emphysema: 0.92, Fibrosis:0.81, Hernia:0.84, Infiltration:0.73, Mass:0.85, Nodule:0.76, Pleural Thickening:0.81, Pneumonia:0.77, Pneumothorax:0.89 and NoFinding:0.79. Our results suggest that, in addition to using sophisticated network architectures, a good learning rate, scheduler and a robust optimizer can boost performance., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables
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- 2020
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223. A sentiment and content analysis of tweets on monkeypox stigma among the LGBTQ+ community: A cue to risk communication plan
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Viola Savy Dsouza, Priyobrat Rajkhowa, B. Rashmi Mallya, D.S. Raksha, V. Mrinalini, K. Cauvery, Rohit Raj, Indu Toby, Sanjay Pattanshetty, and Helmut Brand
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Monkeypox ,Mpox ,Social Stigma ,LGBTQ+ ,risk communication ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: The stigma associated with monkeypox (mpox) may prevent people from following recommended guidelines. Using a “model of stigma communication,” this study maps and determines the mpox stigma on Twitter among LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and more) community. Methods: The tweets that contained the terms ‘#monkeypox’, ‘#MPVS’, ‘#stigma’, and ‘#LGBTQ+’ and were published between May 01, 2022 and Sept 07, 2022 were extracted. For sentiment analysis, the VADER, Text Blob, and Flair analysers were implemented. This study evaluated the dynamics of stigma communication based on the “model of stigma communication”. A total of 70,832 tweets were extracted, from which 66,387 tweets were passed to the sentiment analyser and 3100 tweets were randomly selected for manual coding. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) criteria was adopted to report this study. Findings: This research provided insight on the cause, communication, and patterns of mpox stigma in the LGBTQ+ community. In the community, stigmatisation was influenced by the group's labelling as the source of monkeypox. Some users believed that mpox resembled previously observed diseases such as HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19. Despite officials and media outlets disseminating information about preventing mpox and stigmatisation, a number of individuals failed to comply. The LGBTQ+ community faced peril in the form of violence due to escalating stigma. Misinformation and misinterpretation spread further stigmatisation. Interpretation: This study indicates that authorities must address misinformation, stigmatization of the LGBTQ+ community, and the absence of a comprehensive risk-communication plan to improve the system. The effects of stigmatization on the vulnerable population must be handled in conjunction with a well-developed risk communication plan, without jeopardizing their wellbeing.
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- 2023
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224. A sentiment and content analysis of tweets on monkeypox stigma among the LGBTQ+ community: A cue to risk communication plan
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Dsouza, Viola Savy, Rajkhowa, Priyobrat, Mallya, B. Rashmi, Raksha, D.S., Mrinalini, V., Cauvery, K., Raj, Rohit, Toby, Indu, Pattanshetty, Sanjay, and Brand, Helmut
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- 2023
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225. Empagliflozin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial
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Vancheeswaran, R, Vandeyoon, SI, Vankayalapati, P, Vanmali, P, Vansomeren, C, Van't Hoff, W, Vanya, KN, Vara, S, Vardy, SJ, Varghese, A, Varghese, M, Varney, W, Varnier, G, Varouxaki, A-N, Varquez, R, Vasadi, V, Vass, O, Vassell, K, Vasu, V, Vasudevan, V, Vatish, M, Vaughan, S, Vayalaman, H, Vayapooree, D, Vaz, C, Veale, N, Veerasamy, S, Velankar, S, Velauthar, L, Veli, N, Vella, N, Velugupati, A, Velusamy, A, Venables, I, Venditti, M, Venkataramakrishnan, R, Venn, R, Venter, M, Ventilacion, L, Vere, J, Veres, M, Vergnano, S, Verling, W, Verma, A, Vernall, R, Vernon, B, Vertue, M, Verueco, L, Verula, J, Veterini, A, Vethanayagam, N, Vettikumaran, S, Veys, L, Vickers, C, Victor, S, Victoria, S, Vidaillac, CP, Vidler, J, Vijayakumar, B, Vijayaraghavan Nalini, VW, Vilcinskaite, B, Vileito, A, Vilimiene, N, Vinall, L, Vinay, S, Vinayakarao, L, Vincent, O, Vincent, R, Virdee, P, Virgilio, E, Virk, AM, Visentin, E, Vitaglione, M, Vithian, K, Vittoria, S, Vivekananthan, S, Vlad, E, Vlies, B, von Oven, L, Vooght, C, Vu Thai, KT, Vutipongsatorn, K, Vuylsteke, A, Vyras, E, Wach, R, Wadams, B, Wadd, S, Waddington, N, Wade, P, Wadsley, J, Wadsworth, K, Wafa, SEI, Wagstaff, D, Wagstaff, L, Wahab, D, Wahbi, Z, Waheed Adigun, A, Waidyanatha, S, Waite, A, Wake, R, Wakefield, A, Wakeford, W, Wakinshaw, F, Waldeck, E, Walden, A, Walding, L, Waldron, A, Waldron, J, Wales, E, Wali, B, Walker, D, Walker, G, Walker, H, Walker, I, Walker, K, Walker, L, Walker, O, Walker, R, Walker, S, Wallace, G, Wallbutton, R, Wallen, J, Wallendszus, K, Waller, A, Waller, R, Wallis, G, Wallis, L, Wallis, M, Walmsley, E, Walsh, D, Walsh, E, Walsh, L, Walstow, D, Walter, D, Walters, A, Walters, H, Walters, J, Walton, E, Walton, L, Walton, M, Walton, O, Walton, S, Wan, M, Wanda, J, Wands, M, Wane, R, Wang, F, Wang, N, Wang, R, Wang, S, Warbrick, D, Warburton, S, Ward, C, Ward, D, Ward, E, Ward, H, Ward, J, Ward, L, Ward, N, Ward, R, Ward, T, Warden, SA, Wardere, G, Wardle, S, Wardy, H, Waring, G, Waring, S, Warmington, J, Warner, B, Warner, C, Warnock, L, Warran, S, Warren, J, Warren, L, Warren, R, Warren, Y, Warrender, D, Warren-Miell, H, Warris, A, Warwick, G, Wassall, H, Wasserman, S, Wasson, E, Watchorn, HJ, Waterfall, H, Waters, A, Waters, D, Waterstone, M, Watkin, A, Watkins, C, Watkins, E, Watkins, K, Watkins, L, Watson, A, Watson, AJR, Watson, E, Watson, F, Watson, JGR, Watson, L, Watson, P, Watson, R, Watson, K, Watters, M, Watterson, D, Wattimena, K, Watts, D, Watts, J, Watts, M, Waugh, V, Wayman, E, Wayman, M, Wazir, A, Weatherhead, M, Weatherly, N, Webb, C, Webb, H, Webb, K, Webb, S, Websdale, C, Webster, D, Webster, I, Webster, J, Webster, T, Wedlin, J, Wee, L, Weerakoon, R, Weerasinghe, T, Weeratunga, J, Weetman, M, Wei, S, Weichert, I, Welch, E, Welch, H, Welch, J, Welch, L, Welch, S, Welham, B, Weller, S, Wellings, L, Wells, B, Wellstead, S, Welsh, B, Welsh, R, Welters, I, Welton, R, Wenn, V, Wentworth, L, Wesonga, J, Wesseldine, K, West, J, West, M, West, R, West, S, Western, L, Westhead, R, Weston, H, Westwood, A, Westwood, K, Westwood, S, Wetherill, B, Wheaver, S, Wheeler, H, Whelan, B, Whelband, M, Whileman, A, Whitcher, A, White, A, White, B, White, C, White, D, White, J, White, K, White, M, White, N, White, S, White, T, Whitehead, C, Whitehorn, K, Whitehouse, A, Whitehouse, C, Whitehouse, T, Whiteley, J, Whiteley, L, Whiteley, S, Whitham, R, Whitlingum, G, Whitmore, D, Whittaker, E, Whittam, L, Whittington, A, Whittle, H, Whittle, R, Wiafe, E, Wiblin, L, Wickens, O, Widdrington, J, Wieboldt, J, Wieringa, H, Wiesender, C, Wiffen, L, Wight, A, Wignall, A, Wignall, C, Wilce, A, Wilcock, D, Wilcock, E, Wilcox, L, Wild, B, Wild, L, Wild, S, Wilde, M, Wilding, L, Wilding, P, Wildsmith, T, Wileman, J, Wiles, J, Wiles, K, Wilhelmsen, E, Wiliams, T, Wilkie, J, Wilkin, D, Wilkins, H, Wilkins, J, Wilkins, S, Wilkinson, I, Wilkinson, L, Wilkinson, N, Wilkinson, S, Wilkinson, T, Willetts, S, Williams, A, Williams, C, Williams, CV, Williams, D, Williams, E, Williams, G, Williams, H, Williams, J, Williams, K, Williams, M, Williams, P, Williams, R, Williams, S, Williams, T, Williamson, A, Williamson, C, Williamson, D, Williamson, J, Williamson, JD, Williamson, R, Williamson, H, Willis, E, Willis, H, Willis, J, Wills, L, Willsher, L, Willshire, C, Willson, F, Willson, J, Wilson, A, Wilson, B, Wilson, D, Wilson, I, Wilson, J, Wilson, K, Wilson, K-A, Wilson, L, Wilson, M, Wilson, S, Wilson, T, Win, KLY, Win, M, Win, T, Win, TT, Win, WYW, Winckworth, L, Winder, L, Winder, P, Winearl, S, Winmill, H, Winn, S, Winpenny, C, Winslow, H, Winter, H, Winter, J, Winter-Goodwin, B, Winterton, J, Winwood, H, Wischhusen, J, Wisdom, S, Wise, M, Wiselka, M, Wiseman, R, Wiseman, S, Wishart, S, WIshlade, T, Witele, E, Withers, N, Wittes, J, Wixted, D, Wodehouse, T, Wolf, W, Wolff, N, Wolffsohn, K, Wolf-Roberts, R, Wolodimeroff, E, Wolstencroft, A, Wong, A, Wong, C, Wong, C-H, Wong, C-M, Wong, E, Wong, JSY, Wong, KY, Wong, MY, Wong, N, Wong, S, Wong, T, Wongkyezeng, AA, Wood, A, Wood, C, Wood, D, Wood, F, Wood, G, Wood, H, Wood, J, Wood, L, Wood, M, Wood, S, Wood, T, Woodall, K, Woodfield, R, Woodford, C, Woodford, E, Woodford, J, Woodhead, L, Woodhead, T, Woodland, P, Woodman, M, Woodmansey, S, Woods, C, Woods, J, Woods, K, Woods, S, Woodward, Z, Woolcock, M, Wooldridge, G, Woolf, R, Woollard, C, Woollen, L, Woolley, E, Woolley, J, Woosey, D, Wootton, D, Wootton, J, Worley, D, Worton, S, Wraight, J, Wray, M, Wren, K, Wren, L, Wrey Brown, C, Wright, C, Wright, D, Wright, F, Wright, H, Wright, I, Wright, L, Wright, R, Wright, S, Wright, T, Wroe, C, Wroe, H, Wu, H, Wu, P, Wubetu, J, Wulandari, F, Wulandari, R, Wurie, S, Wyatt, C, Wyn-Griffiths, F, Wynter, I, Xavier, B, Xhikola, A, Xia, BE, Xia, Z, Yacoba, E, Yadav, S, Yakubi, M, Yan, M, Yanagisawa, Y, Yang, F, Yang, Y, Yanney, M, Yap, WL, Yaqoob, N, Yasmin, S, Yates, B, Yates, D, Yates, E, Yates, H, Yates, T, Yates, M, Ye, J, Yearwood Martin, C, Yein, K, Yelnoorkar, F, Yen, LM, Yeoh, A, Yeung, CY, Yew, P, Yewatkar, D, Ylquimiche Melly, L, Ynter, I, Yong, H, Yorke, J, Youens, J, Younes Ibrahim, A, Young, E, Young, G, Young, L, Yousafzar, A, Youssouf, S, Yousuf, A, Yovita, H, Yu, C, Yuan, JSJ, Yufaniaputri, N, Yung, B, Yusef, D, Yusef, S, Yusuf, I, Zafar, A-S, Zagalo, S, Zaher, S, Zahoor, A, Zainab, M, Zak, T, Zaki, K, Zakir, N, Zalewska, K, Zamalloa, A, Zaman, M, Zaman, S, Zamikula, J, Zammit, L, Zammit-Mangion, M, Zawadzka, M, Zayed, M, Zebracki, E, Zehnder, D, Zeidan, L, Zeinali, D, Zhang, J, Zhao, X, Zheng, D, Zhu, D, Zia, M, Zibdeh, O, Zill-E-Huma, R, Zin, ET, Zincone, E, Zindoga, G, Zinkin, E, Zinyemba, V, Zipitis, C, Zitter, L, Zmierczak, A, Zubikarai, G, Zubir, A, Zuhra, N, Zulaikha, R, Zulfikar, S, Zullo, C, and Zuriaga-Alvaro, A
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226. SeATAC: a tool for exploring the chromatin landscape and the role of pioneer factors
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Wuming Gong, Nikita Dsouza, and Daniel J. Garry
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Etv2 ,Oct4 ,Sox2 ,Klf4 ,Ascl1 ,Nucleosomal DNA ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) reveals chromatin accessibility across the genome. Currently, no method specifically detects differential chromatin accessibility. Here, SeATAC uses a conditional variational autoencoder model to learn the latent representation of ATAC-seq V-plots and outperforms MACS2 and NucleoATAC on six separate tasks. Applying SeATAC to several pioneer factor-induced differentiation or reprogramming ATAC-seq datasets suggests that induction of these factors not only relaxes the closed chromatin but also decreases chromatin accessibility of 20% to 30% of their target sites. SeATAC is a novel tool to accurately reveal genomic regions with differential chromatin accessibility from ATAC-seq data.
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- 2023
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227. Factors Influencing Monkeypox Vaccination: A Cue to Policy Implementation
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Priyobrat Rajkhowa, Viola Savy Dsouza, Rashmi Kharel, K. Cauvery, B. Rashmi Mallya, D. S. Raksha, V. Mrinalini, Preejana Sharma, Sanjay Pattanshetty, Prakash Narayanan, Chandrakant Lahariya, and Helmut Brand
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Monkeypox ,Mpox ,Stigma ,Vaccination ,Accessibility ,Access to vaccination ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Following the mpox 2022 outbreak, several high-income countries have developed plans with inclusion criteria for vaccination against the mpox disease. This study was carried out to map the factors influencing mpox vaccination uptake to help address the challenges and increase vaccination confidence. Methods This was a study based on Tweet analysis. The VADER, Text Blob, and Flair analyzers were adopted for sentiment analysis. The “Levesque conceptual framework for healthcare access” was adopted to evaluate the factors impacting access and the decision to get mpox vaccination. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) criteria were adopted. Findings A total of 149,133 tweets were extracted between 01/05/2022 and 23/09/2022. Around 1% of the random tweets were used for qualitative analysis. Of the 149,113, tweets were classified as positive, negative and neutral, respectively, by (a) VADER: (55,040) 37.05%, (44,395) 29.89%, and (49,106) 33.06%, (b) TextBlob: (70,900) 47.73%, (22,729) 15.30%, and (54,921) 36.97%, and (c) Flair: (31,389) 21.13%, (117,152) 78.87%, and 0.00%. Sentiment trajectories revealed that communication, stigmatization, accessibility to and availability of vaccines, and concerns about vaccine safety as factors influencing decision-making in the content and flow of tweets. Interpretation Twitter is a key surveillance tool for understanding factors influencing decisions and access to mpox vaccination. To address vaccine mistrust and disinformation, a social media-based risk communication plan must be devised. Adopting measures to remove logistical vaccination hurdles is needed. Obtaining fact-based information from credible sources is key to improving public confidence.
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228. Association of Scrub Typhus in Children with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome and Meningoencephalitis, Southern India
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Tina Damodar, Bhagteshwar Singh, Namratha Prabhu, Srilatha Marate, Vykuntaraju K. Gowda, A.V. Lalitha, Fulton Sebastian Dsouza, Sushma Veeranna Sajjan, Mallesh Kariyappa, Uddhava V. Kinhal, P.V. Prathyusha, Anita Desai, Kandavel Thennarasu, Tom Solomon, Vasanthapuram Ravi, and Ravi Yadav
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scrub typhus ,acute febrile encephalopathy ,central nervous system infections ,encephalitis ,Orientia tsutsugamushi ,vector-borne infections ,Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Scrub typhus is an established cause of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in northern states of India. We systematically investigated 376 children with AES in southern India, using a stepwise diagnostic strategy for the causative agent of scrub typhus, Orientia tsutsugamushi, including IgM and PCR testing of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to grade its association with AES. We diagnosed scrub typhus in 87 (23%) children; of those, association with AES was confirmed in 16 (18%) cases, probable in 55 (63%), and possible in 16 (18%). IgM detection in CSF had a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 82% compared with PCR. Our findings suggest scrub typhus as an emerging common treatable cause of AES in children in southern India and highlight the importance of routine testing for scrub typhus in diagnostic algorithms. Our results also suggest the potential promise of IgM screening of CSF for diagnosis of AES resulting from scrub typhus.
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229. Does Music during Image-Guided Procedures Reduce Patient Anxiety Levels?
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Fahd Mohamed, Lenon DSouza, and Mahesh Mijar
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music ,anxiety ,intervention ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of music in alleviating anxiety in patients undergoing image guided procedures. Materials and Methods A total of 129 patients were included in this prospective study after obtaining clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Patients were randomized into control (n = 59, median age 46, 30 males) and music (n = 70, median age 46.5, 33 males) groups. Procedures included thoracocentesis, paracentesis, fine needle aspiration cytology and biopsies of the breast, liver, thyroid and lymph nodes. It was performed over a period of 4 months, between September 2020 and December 2020. Pre- and intra procedure recordings of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Circumstantial anxiety was evaluated using the Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Inventory before and after the procedure. Results There was a statistically significant reduction (p = 0.001) in the rise of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in the music group as compared to the control group. There was also a statistically significant reduction (p = 0.001) in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scale values in the music group as compared to the control group during the procedure. Conclusion Patients undergoing image-guided procedures may be offered a choice to listen to music of their preference to reduce situational anxiety.
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230. Use of a pulmosphere model to evaluate drug antifibrotic responses in interstitial lung diseases
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Kevin G. Dsouza, Ranu Surolia, Tejaswini Kulkarni, Fu Jun Li, Pooja Singh, Huaxiu Zeng, Crystal Stephens, Abhishek Kumar, Zheng Wang, and Veena B. Antony
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Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Abstract Background Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) encompass a heterogenous group of diffuse parenchymal lung disorders characterized by variable degrees of inflammation and fibrosis. Pretherapeutic clinical testing models for such diseases can serve as a platform to test and develop effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we developed patient derived 3D organoid model to recapitulate the disease process of ILDs. We characterized the inherent property of invasiveness in this model and tested for antifibrotic responses with an aim to develop a potential platform for personalized medicine in ILDs. Methods In this prospective study, 23 patients with ILD were recruited and underwent lung biopsy. 3D organoid-based models (pulmospheres) were developed from the lung biopsy tissues. Pulmonary functioning testing and other relevant clinical parameters were collected at the time of enrollment and follow up visits. The patient derived pulmospheres were compared to normal control pulmospheres obtained from 9 explant lung donor samples. These pulmospheres were characterized by their invasive capabilities and responsiveness to the antifibrotic drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib. Results Invasiveness of the pulmospheres was measured by the zone of invasiveness percentage (ZOI%). The ILD pulmospheres (n = 23) had a higher ZOI% as compared to control pulmospheres (n = 9) (516.2 ± 115.6 versus 54.63 ± 19.6 respectively. ILD pulmospheres were responsive to pirfenidone in 12 of the 23 patients (52%) and responsive to nintedanib in all 23 patients (100%). Pirfenidone was noted to be selectively responsive in patients with connective tissue disease related ILD (CTD-ILD) at low doses. There was no correlation between the basal pulmosphere invasiveness, response to antifibrotics, and FVC change (Δ FVC). Conclusions The 3D pulmosphere model demonstrates invasiveness which is unique to each individual subject and is greater in ILD pulmospheres as compared to controls. This property can be utilized to test responses to drugs such as antifibrotics. The 3D pulmosphere model could serve as a platform for the development of personalized approaches to therapeutics and drug development in ILDs and potentially other chronic lung diseases.
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231. Constrictive Pericarditis–A Cloak Camouflaging Lymphoma
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Delanthabettu Venugopala, Nikhil Victor Dsouza, Vishak Acharya, Maneesh Rai, Chaithra Gowthuvalli Venkataramana, and Stergios Boussios
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constrictive pericarditis ,diffuse large B cell lymphoma ,FDG PET-CT scan ,diagnostic challenge ,primary cardiac lymphoma ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma presenting as a primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is extremely unusual. Having a predilection for the right side of the heart and accounting for 1% of all cardiac tumours, the difficulty in diagnosing the lesion, owing to the location and vague presenting symptoms and signs, often leads to delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. In our case report, a middle-aged male was diagnosed with PCL presenting as pyrexia of unknown origin with the help of F18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18 FDG-PET). PET-CT is an invaluable tool in patients with pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO), especially caused by neoplasms as it helps in localizing the target lesion, aiding in selecting the appropriate intervention for rapid tissue diagnosis. This case serves to sensitize the physicians of PCL presenting with PUO and mimicking a relatively common cardiac tumour such as atrial myxoma.
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- 2023
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232. How does AI drive branding? Towards an integrated theoretical framework for AI-driven branding
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Deryl, Maria DSouza, Verma, Sanjeev, and Srivastava, Vartika
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- 2023
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233. Wireless, flexible, self-powered sensor to analyze head impact kinematics
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Morales-Torres, Gerardo L., González-Afanador, Ian, Dávila-Montero, Bianca M., Pastrana, Juan, Dsouza, Henry, and Sepúlveda, Nelson
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- 2023
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234. Global, regional, and national mortality due to unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning, 2000–2021: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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Moberg, Madeline E, Hamilton, Erin B, Zeng, Scott M, Bryazka, Dana, Zhao, Jeff T, Feldman, Rachel, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdurehman, Ame Mehadi, Abedi, Aidin, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Saira, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmed, Danial, Ahmed, Haroon, Alem, Dejene Tsegaye, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amrollahi-Sharifabadi, Mohammad, Anagaw, Tadele Fentabil, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atreya, Alok, Azari Jafari, Amirhossein, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Bagherieh, Sara, Bansal, Hansi, Barrow, Amadou, Bashiri, Azadeh, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Boloor, Archith, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Carvalho, Felix, Carvalho, Márcia, Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K, Chang, Jung-Chen, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Coberly, Kaleb, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, Reza, Das, Saswati, Das, Subasish, Debela, Sisay Abebe, Demessa, Berecha Hundessa, Deng, Xinlei, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Desye, Belay, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dibas, Mahmoud, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Ekholuenetale, Michael, El Sayed, Iman, El-Huneidi, Waseem, Enyew, Daniel Berhanie, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fatima, Syeda Anum Fatima, Fischer, Florian, Franklin, Richard Charles, Garg, Tushar, Gebi, Tilaye Gebru, Gerema, Urge, Getachew, Melaku, Getachew, Motuma Erena, Ghamari, Farhad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Harorani, Mehdi, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hassan, Abbas M, Hassanian-Moghaddam, Hossein, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari-Foroozan, Mahsa, Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba, Holla, Ramesh, Hoogar, Praveen, Hossain, Md Shakhaoat, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Immurana, Mustapha, Iwu, Chidozie C D, Jayarajah, Umesh, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kandel, Himal, Kantar, Rami S, Kapoor, Neeti, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Katoto, Patrick DMC, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khateri, Sorour, Khodamoradi, Farzad, Khormali, Moein, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Grace, Kisa, Adnan, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Krishan, Kewal, Kumar, Naveen, Laflamme, Lucie, Landires, Iván, Larijani, Bagher, Lauriola, Paolo, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Ledda, Caterina, Lee, Seung Won, Lim, Stephen S, Lobo, Stany W, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Maharaj, Sandeep B, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R, Mirmoeeni, Seyyedmohammadsadeq, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Manish, Misra, Sanjeev, Mittal, Chaitanya, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mokdad, Ali H, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mulita, Francesk, Mulualem, Jember Azanaw, Mulugeta, Temesgen, Murray, Christopher J L, Myers, Isabella, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nayak, Vinod C, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Nouraei, Hasti, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Ordak, Michal, Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pandey, Ashok, Pant, Suman, Parekh, Utsav, Pawar, Shrikant, Peden, Amy E, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Piel, Frédéric B, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Pourali, Ghazaleh, Qattea, Ibrahim, Qureshi, Maryam Faiz, Raghav, Pankaja Raghav, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Shayan, Ramasubramani, Premkumar, Ramazanu, Sheena, Rawaf, Salman, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Malihe, Sadeghian, Farideh, Saeed, Umar, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Saif, Zahra, Sakshaug, Joseph W, Salahi, Saina, Salamati, Payman, Samy, Abdallah M, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Schwebel, David C, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Seylani, Allen, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sham, Sunder, Shashamo, Bereket Beyene, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shetty, B Suresh Kumar, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Singh, Harpreet, Singh, Paramdeep, Sisay, Eskinder Ayalew, Solomon, Yonatan, Taheri, Majid, Ullah, Irfan, Ullah, Sana, Violante, Francesco S, Vu, Linh Gia, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Yigit, Arzu, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yousefi, Zabihollah, Zaman, Muhammad, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zheng, Peng, Zoladl, Mohammad, Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, and Ong, Kanyin Liane
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- 2023
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235. Global, regional, and national burden of spinal cord injury, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
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Safdarian, Mahdi, Trinka, Eugen, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Thomschewski, Aljoscha, Aali, Amirali, Abady, Gdiom Gebreheat, Abate, Semagn Mekonnen, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abedi, Aidin, Adane, Denberu Eshetie, Afzal, Saira, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmed, Haroon, Amanat, Nasir, Angappan, Dhanalakshmi, Arabloo, Jalal, Aryannejad, Armin, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atreya, Alok, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Babamohamadi, Hassan, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bardhan, Mainak, Bashiri, Azadeh, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Brown, Julie, Champs, Ana Paula, Charalampous, Periklis, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Coberly, Kaleb, Dadras, Omid, Yada, Dereje Y, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dessalegn, Fikadu Nugusu, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Dhingra, Sameer, Diao, Nancy, Diaz, Daniel, Dibas, Mahmoud, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Ekholuenetale, Michael, El Nahas, Nevine, Elhadi, Muhammed, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fares, Jawad, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fischer, Florian, Franklin, Richard Charles, Garg, Tushar, Getachew, Melaku, Ghaffarpasand, Fariborz, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Gholizadeh Mesgarha, Milad, Ghozy, Sherief, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Graham, Simon Matthew, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Haagsma, Juanita A., Hamidi, Samer, Harlianto, Netanja I., Harorani, Mehdi, Hasanian, Mohammad, Hassan, Amr, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Hoveidaei, Amir Human, Iravanpour, Farideh, Irilouzadian, Rana, Iwu, Chidozie C D, Jacob, Louis, Jaja, Chinwe Juliana, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kandel, Amit, Kantar, Rami S., Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karkhah, Samad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Md Jobair, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, Khonji, Mohammad Saeid, Khormali, Moein, Kim, Grace, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Kumaran, Senthil D, Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Miller, Ted R, Mirahmadi, Alireza, Mirghaderi, Seyed Peyman, Mirza, Moonis, Misganaw, Awoke, Misra, Sanjeev, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mokdad, Ali H, Möller, Holger, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Mulita, Francesk, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nassereldine, Hasan, Natto, Zuhair S, Nejati, Kazem, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Nogueira de Sá, Antonio Tolentino, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Patil, Shankargouda, Pawar, Shrikant, Pedersini, Paolo, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Polinder, Suzanne, Pourbagher-Shahri, Ali Mohammad, Qureshi, Maryam Faiz, Raghav, Pankaja Raghav, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahnavard, Niloufar, Rajabpour-Sanati, Ali, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rawaf, Salman, Roberts, Nicholas L S, Saddik, Basema, Saeed, Umar, Samadzadeh, Sara, Samy, Abdallah M, Sarveazad, Arash, Seylani, Allen, Shafie, Mahan, Shahbandi, Ataollah, Sharew, Mequannent Melaku Sharew, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Yigit, Arzu, Shobeiri, Parnian, Shool, Sina, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Sinaei, Ehsan, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Solomon, Yonatan, Sotoudeh, Houman, Tadesse, Belsti Atnkut, Umair, Muhammad, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vu, Linh Gia, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Zare, Iman, Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh, Wu, Ai-Min, and Zhang, Zhi-Jiang
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- 2023
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236. Factors influencing adherence towards oral hypoglycaemic agents- A cross-sectional study among patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus
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P, Abhilash, Dsouza, Delisha Josvita, S, Sradha, UP, Nandakumar, MA, Shuaib Ahmed, Kolar, Reshma, and Chand, Sharad
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- 2023
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237. Prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends in anaemia burden by severity and cause, 1990–2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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Gardner, William M, Razo, Christian, McHugh, Theresa A, Hagins, Hailey, Vilchis-Tella, Victor M, Hennessy, Conor, Taylor, Heather Jean, Perumal, Nandita, Fuller, Kia, Cercy, Kelly M, Zoeckler, Leo Zucker, Chen, Catherine S, Lim, Stephen S, Aali, Amirali, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdurehman, Ame Mehadi, Abebe, Getachew, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Aboye, Girma Beressa Aboye, Abtew, Yonas Derso, Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou, Adane, Denberu Eshetie Adane, Adane, Tigist Demssew, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adesina, Miracle Ayomikun, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agustina, Rina, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Aiman, Wajeeha, Ajami, Marjan, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Nazmul, Alemayehu, Astawus, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Muhammad Ashar, Almustanyir, Sami, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Al-Rifai, Rami H, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvand, Saba, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amer, Yasser Sami Abdel Dayem, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amu, Hubert, Anagaw, Tadele Fentabil, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anoushirvani, Ali Arash, Antwi, Maxwell Hubert, Anvari, Davood, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Ariffin, Hany, Aripov, Timur, Arja, Asrat, Arndt, Michael Benjamin, Arulappan, Judie, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Ashraf, Tahira, Asresie, Melash Belachew, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atlaw, Daniel, Aujayeb, Avinash, Awoke, Andargie Abate, Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza, B, Darshan B, Badawi, Alaa, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Bagheri, Nasser, Bagherieh, Sara, Baig, Atif Amin, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bantie, Abere Tilahun, Barr, Ronald D, Barrow, Amadou, Bashiri, Azadeh, Basu, Saurav, Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad, Begum, Tahmina, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belo, Luis, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bikbov, Boris, Billah, Sk Masum, Birara, Setognal, Bishai, Jessica Devin, Bitaraf, Saeid, Boloor, Archith, Botelho, João Silva Botelho, Burkart, Katrin, Calina, Daniela, Cembranel, Francieli, Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo, Chanie, Gashaw Sisay, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chien, Ju-Huei, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eunice, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dadras, Omid, Dagnew, Gizachew Worku, Dai, Xiaochen, Danawi, Hadi A, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Das, Jai K, Das, Saswati, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, Demisse, Fitsum Wolde, Demissie, Solomon, Demsie, Desalegn Getnet, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desalegn, Markos Desalegn, Dessalegn, Fikadu Nugusu, Dessie, Gashaw, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhingra, Sameer, Diaz, Daniel, Didehdar, Mojtaba, Dirac, M Ashworth, Diress, Mengistie, Doaei, Saeid, Dodangeh, Milad, Doku, Paul Narh, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dora, Bezabih Terefe, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Elagali, Ahmed Elabbas Mustafa, Elbahnasawy, Mostafa Ahmed, Elbarazi, Iffat, ElGohary, Ghada Metwally Tawfik, Elhadi, Muhammed, El-Huneidi, Waseem, Elmonem, Mohamed A, Enyew, Daniel Berhanie, Eshetu, Habitu Birhan, Ewald, Samuel B, Ezzeddini, Rana, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fasanmi, Abidemi Omolara, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fekadu, Ginenus, Feyisa, Bikila Regassa, Fischer, Florian, Fitzgerald, Ryan, Foroutan, Masoud, Fowobaje, Kayode Raphael, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaihre, Santosh, Gaipov, Abduzhappar, Galali, Yaseen, Galehdar, Nasrin, Garg, Priyanka, Garg, Tushar, Gebremariam, Yosef Haile, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremichael, Berhe, Gela, Yibeltal Yismaw, Gerema, Urge, Getacher, Lemma, Ghaffari, Kazem, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghasemi Nour, Mohammad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholamalizadeh, Maryam, Ghozy, Sherief, Gizaw, Abraham Tamirat T, Glasbey, James C, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golitaleb, Mohamad, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goyomsa, Girma Garedew, Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gudisa, Zewdie, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Guta, Alemu, Habibzadeh, Parham, Hamidi, Samer, Handal, Alexis J, Hanif, Asif, Hannan, Md Abdul, Harapan, Harapan, Harorani, Mehdi, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Hess, Sonja Y, Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba, Hezam, Kamal, Hiraike, Yuta, Holla, Ramesh, Hossain, Sheikh Jamal, Hosseini, Kaveh, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Huang, Junjie, Hussain, Salman, Hussien, Foziya Mohammed, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Immurana, Mustapha, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, J, Linda Merin, Jamshidi, Elham, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Jayarajah, Umesh, Jayaram, Shubha, Jebai, Rime, Jemal, Bedru, Jeyakumar, Angeline, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kabir, Ali, Kalankesh, Laleh R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamal, Vineet Kumar, Kandel, Himal, Kanko, Tesfaye K, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar, Katoto, Patrick DMC, Kauppila, Joonas H, Kaur, Harkiran, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kebede, Adera Debella, Keshri, Vikash Ranjan, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalid, Nauman, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Imteyaz A, Khan, Moien AB, Khatab, Khaled, Khazaei, Zaher, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Sezer, Kompani, Farzad, Kosen, Soewarta, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krishan, Kewal, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Naveen, Kumar, Nithin, Kurmi, Om P, Kuti, Oluwatosin, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Landires, Iván, Larsson, Anders O, Lassi, Zohra S, Latief, Kamaluddin, Laxmaiah, Avula, Ledda, Caterina, Lee, Sang-woong, Legesse, Samson Mideksa, Liu, Xuefeng, Lorenzovici, László, Machado, Vanessa Sintra Machado, Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra, Mahjoub, Soleiman, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, Mahmoudi, Elham, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Masoudi, Sahar, Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra, Medina, John Robert Carabeo, Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola, Mendes, José João Mendes, Mendoza, Walter, Mendoza-Cano, Oliver, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Meresa, Haftu Asmerom, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Mirghafourvand, Mojgan, Mirica, Andreea, Mirza, Moonis, Misganaw, Awoke, Misra, Sanjeev, Mohammad, Dara K, Mohammadi, Shadieh, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Syam, Moka, Nagabhishek, Mokdad, Ali H, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moosavi, Delaram, Moradi, Maryam, Mosapour, Abbas, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Muche, Temesgen, Mulita, Francesk, Mulu, Getaneh Baye, Murray, Christopher J L, Musina, Ana-Maria, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Nassereldine, Hasan, Natto, Zuhair S, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Naz, Shumaila, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, Niazi, Robina Khan, Noori, Maryam, Nowroozi, Ali, Nurrika, Dieta, Nuruzzaman, Khan M, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Oancea, Bogdan, Obaidur, Rahman Md, Obsa, Mohammed Mohammed Suleiman Suleiman, Odhiambo, Julius Nyerere, Ogunsakin, Ropo Ebenezer, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Oladunjoye, Adeolu Olufunso, Oladunjoye, Olubunmi Omotola, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omonisi, Abidemi E Emmanuel, Ortiz, Alberto, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakzad, Reza, Palicz, Tamás, Pandey, Anamika, Pandya, Apurva Kumar, Papadopoulou, Paraskevi, Pardhan, Shahina, Patel, Jay, Pathak, Ashish, Pathan, Aslam Ramjan, Paudel, Rajan, Paudel, Uttam, Pawar, Shrikant, Pereira, Gavin, Perico, Norberto, Perna, Simone, Perumalsamy, Navaraj, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pickering, Brandon V, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Pollok, Richard Charles G, Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh, Prashant, Akila, Qattea, Ibrahim, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi, Mehran, Rahman, Azizur, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmani, Shayan, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Raimondo, Ivano, Rajaa, Sathish, Ram, Pradhum, Rana, Juwel, Ranjha, Muhammad Modassar Ali Nawaz, Rao, Chythra R, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashedi, Sina, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rawaf, Salman, Rawal, Lal, Raza, Rabail Zehra, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Rezaei, Maryam, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei, Negar, Richards, Toby, Rickard, Jennifer, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Roever, Leonardo, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roy, Bedanta, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, Saad, Aly M A, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Malihe, Sadeghian, Saeid, Saeed, Umar, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Harihar, Salem, Marwa Rashad, Samy, Abdallah M, Sankararaman, Senthilkumar, Santoro, Rocco, Santos, Itamar S, Satpathy, Maheswar, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Seboka, Binyam Tariku, Senbeta, Anbissa Muleta, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Seylani, Allen, Shafeghat, Melika, Shah, Pritik A, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharew, Mequannent Melaku Sharew, Sharma, Purva, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shenoy, Suchitra M, Shetty, Adithi, Shetty, B Suresh Kumar, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shin, Jae Il, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shivarov, Velizar, Shobeiri, Parnian, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Sikder, Mustafa Kamal, Sima, Ali Reza, Simegn, Wudneh, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Sisay, Yordanos, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Solomon, Yonatan, Song, Yi, Sorensen, Reed J D, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Suchdev, Parminder S, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Sultana, Saima, Szeto, Mindy D, Tabaeian, Seidamir Pasha, Tahamtan, Alireza, Taheri, Majid, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Tamir, Zemenu, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tariqujjaman, Md, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Tat, Nathan Y, Tefera, Yibekal Manaye, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thapar, Rekha, Thiyagarajan, Arulmani, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tigabu, Bereket M, Tiyuri, Amir, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Tusa, Biruk Shalmeno, Ullah, Irfan, Umer, Abdurezak Adem, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vacante, Marco, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Vart, Priya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vaziri, Siavash, Verma, Madhur verma, Veroux, Massimiliano, Vervoort, Dominique, Vu, Linh Gia, Wagaye, Birhanu, Weldegebreal, Fitsum, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Woldemariam, Melat, Wonde, Tewodros Eshete, Wubetie, Gedif Ashebir, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yari, Kheirollah, Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh, Yehualashet, Sisay Shewasinad, Yigit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yisihak, Eshetu, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Young, Melissa F, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zahir, Mazyar, Zaki, Leila, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Zamora, Nelson, Zare, Iman, Zareshahrabadi, Zahra, Zenebe, Getachew Assefa, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zheng, Peng, Zoladl, Mohammad, and Kassebaum, Nicholas J
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- 2023
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238. Mapping the theories, content, and outcomes of family-based interventions for children and young people with gaming disorder: A scoping review protocol [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]
- Author
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Harishini V S, Mariam Abraham, Samyuktha Prabhu, Jing Shi, and Deena Dimple Dsouza
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Study Protocol ,Articles ,Gaming Disorder ,Family-Based Interventions ,family ,scoping review ,video gaming ,treatment - Abstract
Background: Despite the growth of gaming disorders globally, evidence of the formal involvement of family in treating gaming disorders is limited. When children are affected by gaming disorder, the family may encounter challenges in managing the behavior and in the lack of information regarding the gaming disorder, resulting in inconsistent parenting, which may further exacerbate the problem. Thus, it is essential to involve the family in formal interventions. The current scoping review plans to identify the theories, content, and outcomes of family-based interventions for children and young people with gaming disorders. Methods: This scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. The population, Concept, and Context (PCC) were used to develop the review question. The studies published in the indexed databases will be searched systematically, and the reference list of included full texts will be searched for relevant studies. Intervention studies published in English from January 2010 to December 2022 will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen the studies against eligibility criteria. The data will be extracted and presented in a tabular and narrative style. Discussion: This scoping review will help better understand content, outcomes, and theories underpinning family-based interventions for children and young people with gaming disorders. Findings will inform the stakeholders about the current topic and guide the potential research areas. Registration details: The protocol has been registered in Open Science Framework with the DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/TXWBH
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- 2023
- Full Text
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239. Near Human-Level Style Transfer
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Pereira, Rahul, primary, Coutinho, Beryl, additional, Dsouza, Jenslee, additional, Ferreira, Cyrus, additional, and Jadhav, Vaishali, additional
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- 2023
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240. Wnt-inducible Lrp6-APEX2 interacting proteins identify ESCRT machinery and Trk-fused gene as components of the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Colozza, Gabriele, Jami-Alahmadi, Yasaman, Dsouza, Alyssa, Tejeda-Muñoz, Nydia, Albrecht, Lauren V, Sosa, Eric A, Wohlschlegel, James A, and De Robertis, Edward M
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Humans ,DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase ,Endonucleases ,Receptor ,trkA ,Gene Fusion ,Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport ,HEK293 Cells ,Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6 ,Wnt Signaling Pathway ,Multifunctional Enzymes ,Biotechnology ,Generic health relevance - Abstract
The canonical Wnt pathway serves as a hub connecting diverse cellular processes, including β-catenin signaling, differentiation, growth, protein stability, macropinocytosis, and nutrient acquisition in lysosomes. We have proposed that sequestration of β-catenin destruction complex components in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) is required for sustained canonical Wnt signaling. In this study, we investigated the events that follow activation of the canonical Wnt receptor Lrp6 using an APEX2-mediated proximity labeling approach. The Wnt co-receptor Lrp6 was fused to APEX2 and used to biotinylate targets that are recruited near the receptor during Wnt signaling at different time periods. Lrp6 proximity targets were identified by mass spectrometry, and revealed that many endosomal proteins interacted with Lrp6 within 5 min of Wnt3a treatment. Interestingly, we found that Trk-fused gene (TFG), previously known to regulate the cell secretory pathway and to be rearranged in thyroid and lung cancers, was strongly enriched in the proximity of Lrp6. TFG depletion with siRNA, or knock-out with CRISPR/Cas9, significantly reduced Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cell culture. In vivo, studies in the Xenopus system showed that TFG is required for endogenous Wnt-dependent embryonic patterning. The results suggest that the multivesicular endosomal machinery and the novel player TFG have important roles in Wnt signaling.
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- 2020
241. Pre-Transplant Marital Status and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Outcomes.
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Ulrickson, M, Verdonck, L, Wirk, B, Wood, W, Yared, J, Saber, W, Tay, J, Beattie, S, Bredeson, C, Brazauskas, R, He, N, Ahmed, I, Aljurf, M, Askar, M, Atsuta, Y, Badawy, S, Barata, A, Beitinjaneh, A, Bhatt, N, Buchbinder, D, Cerny, J, Ciurea, S, DSouza, A, Dalal, J, Farhadfar, N, Freytes, C, Ganguly, S, Gergis, U, Gerull, S, Lazarus, H, Hahn, T, Hong, S, Inamoto, Y, Khera, N, Kindwall-Keller, T, Kamble, R, Knight, J, Koleva, Y, Kumar, A, Kwok, J, Murthy, H, Olsson, R, Angel Diaz-Perez, M, Rizzieri, D, Seo, S, Chhabra, S, Schoemans, H, Schouten, H, Steinberg, A, Sullivan, K, Szer, J, and Szwajcer, D
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Hematopoietic cell transplantation ,graft-versus-host disease ,marital status ,overall survival ,registries ,Graft vs Host Disease ,Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ,Humans ,Marital Status ,Quality of Life - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Evidence about the impact of marital status before hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct) on outcomes after hct is conflicting. METHODS: We identified patients 40 years of age and older within the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research registry who underwent hct between January 2008 and December 2015. Marital status before hct was declared as one of: married or living with a partner, single (never married), separated or divorced, and widowed. We performed a multivariable analysis to determine the association of marital status with outcomes after hct. RESULTS: We identified 10,226 allogeneic and 5714 autologous hct cases with, respectively, a median follow-up of 37 months (range: 1-102 months) and 40 months (range: 1-106 months). No association between marital status and overall survival was observed in either the allogeneic (p = 0.58) or autologous (p = 0.17) setting. However, marital status was associated with grades 2-4 acute graft-versus-host disease (gvhd), p < 0.001, and chronic gvhd, p = 0.04. The risk of grades 2-4 acute gvhd was increased in separated compared with married patients [hazard ratio (hr): 1.13; 95% confidence interval (ci): 1.03 to 1.24], and single patients had a reduced risk of grades 2-4 acute gvhd (hr: 0.87; 95% ci: 0.77 to 0.98). The risk of chronic gvhd was lower in widowed compared with married patients (hr: 0.82; 95% ci: 0.67 to 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Overall survival after hct is not influenced by marital status, but associations were evident between marital status and grades 2-4 acute and chronic gvhd. To better appreciate the effects of marital status and social support, future research should consider using validated scales to measure social support and patient and caregiver reports of caregiver commitment, and to assess health-related quality of life together with health care utilization.
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- 2020
242. An intelligent management of power flow in the smart grid system using hybrid NPO-ATLA approach
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Dsouza, Anil Kumar, Thammaiah, Ananthapadmanabha, and Venkatesh, Likith Kumar M.
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- 2022
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243. IJCM_422A : Artificial Intelligence & Sustainable Development Goals in Health Care
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Nair Aditya, Dsouza Kennice Deon, and Reshmi Bhageerathy
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healthcare delivery ,artificial intelligence (ai) in healthcare ,access to healthcare ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: The intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 presents both opportunities and challenges. AI has the potential to enhance healthcare delivery by improving diagnostic accuracy, enabling personalized treatment approaches, and facilitating remote healthcare services through telemedicine. AI-driven technologies can also streamline administrative tasks, optimize resource allocation, and support evidence-based decision-making in healthcare settings. Objective: This study seeks to identify challenges and opportunities for utilizing AI to advance global health objectives to support Sustainable Development Goal 3 Methodology: A review of existing literature was carried out to evaluate the current landscape of AI applications in healthcare and its potential implications for SDG achievement. We identified constraints such as data bias, ethical considerations, and accessibility barriers, and looked at the potential remedies and strategies for maximizing the positive impact of AI in healthcare. Conclusion: There exists significant hurdles into the integration of AI into healthcare however there are promising prospects for enhancing healthcare delivery, disease prevention, and drug discovery processes. By addressing issues such as data bias, ethical dilemmas, and accessibility challenges, AI holds the potential to revolutionize healthcare systems on a global scale. Embracing AI technologies can contribute significantly to realizing SDGs pertaining to health and well-being, thereby fostering more sustainable and equitable healthcare practices.
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- 2024
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244. Advanced Computational Methods for Radiation Dose Optimization in CT
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Shreekripa Rao, Krishna Sharan, Srinidhi Gururajarao Chandraguthi, Rechal Nisha Dsouza, Leena R. David, Sneha Ravichandran, Mubarak Taiwo Mustapha, Dilip Shettigar, Berna Uzun, Rajagopal Kadavigere, Suresh Sukumar, and Dilber Uzun Ozsahin
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computed tomography ,diagnostic reference level ,dose-length product ,effective dose ,radiotherapy ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: In planning radiotherapy treatments, computed tomography (CT) has become a crucial tool. CT scans involve exposure to ionizing radiation, which can increase the risk of cancer and other adverse health effects in patients. Ionizing radiation doses for medical exposure must be kept “As Low As Reasonably Achievable”. Very few articles on guidelines for radiotherapy-computed tomography scans are available. This paper reviews the current literature on radiation dose optimization based on the effective dose and diagnostic reference level (DRL) for head, neck, and pelvic CT procedures used in radiation therapy planning. This paper explores the strategies used to optimize radiation doses, and high-quality images for diagnosis and treatment planning. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 patients with head, neck, and pelvic region cancer in our institution. The DRL, effective dose, volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol), and dose-length product (DLP) for the present and optimized protocol were calculated. DRLs were proposed for the DLP using the 75th percentile of the distribution. The DLP is a measure of the radiation dose received by a patient during a CT scan and is calculated by multiplying the CT dose index (CTDI) by the scan length. To calculate a DRL from a DLP, a large dataset of DLP values obtained from a specific imaging procedure must be collected and can be used to determine the median or 75th-percentile DLP value for each imaging procedure. Results: Significant variations were found in the DLP, CTDIvol, and effective dose when we compared both the standard protocol and the optimized protocol. Also, the optimized protocol was compared with other diagnostic and radiotherapy CT scan studies conducted by other centers. As a result, we found that our institution’s DRL was significantly low. The optimized dose protocol showed a reduction in the CTDIvol (70% and 63%), DLP (60% and 61%), and effective dose (67% and 62%) for both head, neck, and pelvic scans. Conclusions: Optimized protocol DRLs were proposed for comparison purposes.
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- 2024
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245. Primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma: A diagnostic dilemma
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Supriya Pinto, Apoorva Kanthaje, Caren Dsouza, and Jayaprakash Shetty
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primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma ,metastatic carcinoma ,poorly differentiated carcinoma of the stomach ,gastric cancer ,pgscc ,Medicine - Abstract
Primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an extremely rare entity with very few cases reported worldwide. We present a case of a large locally advanced gastric mass with liver metastasis, with no involvement of the gastric mucosa. Clinical presentation, serum markers, imaging, endoscopy, and histopathology, created a dilemma in its diagnosis. However, immunohistochemistry helped in the diagnosis. This case serves as a reminder to consider primary gastric SCC as a differential while evaluating a gastric mass.
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- 2023
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246. How does AI drive branding? Towards an integrated theoretical framework for AI-driven branding
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Maria DSouza Deryl, Sanjeev Verma, and Vartika Srivastava
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Artificial intelligence ,Brand ,Review ,Consumer behaviour ,Relationship ,Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 - Abstract
Brands are transforming with the acceptance, adoption, and use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. AI builds dynamic consumer-brand relationships that help build sustainable businesses for brands to thrive. The brands sustain in competitive markets by crafting engaging brand narratives that holistically influence consumer purchase decisions. The present study comprehensively reviews the theoretical underpinnings of AI-driven branding from the extant literature. The thematic analysis of theoretical premises instrumentalises developing a novel integrated theoretical framework. The intricate analysis of the constellation of theories and the simultaneous amalgamation of concepts allows for a unified viewpoint. The integrated theoretical framework offers an in-depth overview of the drivers, mediators, moderators, and consequences of AI-driven branding. The integrated theoretical framework extends the current theoretical understanding of consumer-brand relational dynamics with AI that practitioners may use to sustainably transform their brands.
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- 2023
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247. Behavioral Activation for Comorbid Depression in People With Noncommunicable Disease in India: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial
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Rayeesa Zainab, Arun Kandasamy, Naseer Ahmad Bhat, Chrishma Violla Dsouza, Hannah Jennings, Cath Jackson, Papiya Mazumdar, Catherine Elizabeth Hewitt, David Ekers, Gitanjali Narayanan, Girish N Rao, Karen Coales, Krishna Prasad Muliyala, Santosh K Chaturvedi, Pratima Murthy, and Najma Siddiqi
- Subjects
Medicine ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Abstract
BackgroundThe increasing burden of depression and noncommunicable disease (NCD) is a global challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries, considering the resource constraints and lack of trained human resources in these settings. Effective treatment of depression in people with NCDs has the potential to enhance both the mental and physical well-being of this population. It will also result in the effective use of the available health care resources. Brief psychological therapies, such as behavioral activation (BA), are effective for the treatment of depression. BA has not been adapted in the community health care services of India, and the feasibility of using BA as an intervention for depression in NCD and its effectiveness in these settings have not been systematically evaluated. ObjectiveOur objective is to adapt BA for the Indian NCD context and test the acceptability, feasibility, and implementation of the adapted BA intervention (BEACON intervention package [BIP]). Additionally, we aim to test the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial evaluation of BIP for the treatment of depression compared with enhanced usual care. MethodsFollowing well-established frameworks for intervention adaptation, we first adapted BA (to fit the linguistic, cultural, and resource context) for delivery in India. The intervention was also adapted for potential remote delivery by telephone. In a randomized controlled trial, we will be testing the acceptability, feasibility, and implementation of the adapted BA intervention (BIP). We shall also test if a randomized controlled feasibility trial can be delivered effectively and estimate important parameters (eg, recruitment and retention rates and completeness of follow-up) needed to design a future definitive trial. ResultsFollowing the receipt of approval from all the relevant agencies, the development of the BIP was started on November 28, 2020, and completed on August 18, 2021, and the quantitative data collection was started on August 23, 2021, and completed on December 10, 2021. Process evaluation (qualitative data) collection is ongoing. Both the qualitative and quantitative data analyses are ongoing. ConclusionsThis study may offer insights that could help in closing the gap in the treatment of common mental illness, particularly in nations with limited resources, infrastructure, and systems such as India. To close this gap, BEACON tries to provide BA for depression in NCDs through qualified NCD (BA) counselors integrated within the state-run NCD clinics. The results of this study may aid in understanding whether BA as an intervention is acceptable for the population and how feasible it will be to deliver such interventions for depression in NCD in South Asian countries such as India. The BIP may also be used in the future by Indian community clinics as a brief intervention program. Trial RegistrationClinical Trials Registry of India CTRI/2020/05/025048; https://tinyurl.com/mpt33jv5 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/41127
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- 2023
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248. 1537 Androgen blockade primes NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages to induce tumor cell phagocytosis
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Amy Moran, David Sykes, Kunal Desai, Akash Patnaik, Kiranj Chaudagar, Taghreed Hirz, Shenglin Mei, Srikrishnan Rameshbabu, Zheng Xia, Ya-Mei Hu, Anna Argulian, Brian Labadie, Sammy Grimaldo, Doga Kahramangil, Rishikesh Nair, Sabina DSouza, Dylan Zhou, and Jordan Shafran
- Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Published
- 2023
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249. Factors influencing adherence towards oral hypoglycaemic agents- A cross-sectional study among patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus
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Abhilash P, Delisha Josvita Dsouza, Sradha S, Nandakumar UP, Shuaib Ahmed MA, Reshma Kolar, and Sharad Chand
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Diabetes mellitus ,Medication adherence ,Questionnaire ,Oral hypoglycaemic agents ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Aims: The present study was conducted to assess the level of medication adherence and factors affecting adherence among Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out among T2DM patients who were presented to the outpatient department of general medicine. A well-designed data collection form was used to gather information pertaining to various socio-demographic and medical variables. A previously validated and translated 8-item self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the level of medication adherence. Data was analysed using SPSS Version 29.0. Results: Among the total 369 subjects enrolled, a majority were found to be males, and the mean age of the population was observed as 56.84 ± 11.32. A total of 125 (33.8%) subjects were found to be within the category of high adherence, 161 (43.6%) subjects were found to have moderate level of adherence and 83 (22.4%) had low level of adherence. On analysis, various medical variables were found to have a statistically significant association with medication adherence. Conclusion: The findings of the present study would form the basis for all the future implications including education intervention programmes to improve the level of adherence towards anti-diabetic medications, which ultimately results in better health outcomes.
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- 2023
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250. Mapping the theories, content, and outcomes of family-based interventions for children and young people with gaming disorder: A scoping review protocol [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
- Author
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Samyuktha Prabhu, Jing Shi, Harshini V S, Mariam Abraham, and Deena Dimple Dsouza
- Subjects
Gaming Disorder ,Family-Based Interventions ,family ,scoping review ,video gaming ,treatment ,eng ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Background: Despite the growth of gaming disorders globally, evidence of the formal involvement of family in treating gaming disorders is limited. When children are affected by gaming disorder, the family may encounter challenges in managing the behavior and in the lack of information regarding the gaming disorder, resulting in inconsistent parenting, which may further exacerbate the problem. Thus, it is essential to involve the family in formal interventions. The current scoping review plans to identify the theories, content, and outcomes of family-based interventions for children and young people with gaming disorders. Methods: This scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. The population, Concept, and Context (PCC) were used to develop the review question. The studies published in the indexed databases will be searched systematically, and the reference list of included full texts will be searched for relevant studies. Intervention studies published in English from January 2010 to December 2022 will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen the studies against eligibility criteria. The data will be extracted and presented in a tabular and narrative style. Discussion: This scoping review will help better understand content, outcomes, and theories underpinning family-based interventions for children and young people with gaming disorders. Findings will inform the stakeholders about the current topic and guide the potential research areas. Registration details: The protocol has been registered in Open Science Framework with the DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/TXWBH
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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