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To explore the management of early complications and repair of hand injuries in electrically injured patients.Forty-five patients with electrical injuries admitted during 1995 and 2001 were analyzed retrospectively in terms of the incidences of early complications and the deformity of the injured hands repaired using different approaches.In the order of incidence, the complications arising in the early stages after electrical injuries included electric shock, hypovolemic shock, cardiac dysfunction, hemorrhage of the digestive tract, pulmonary infection, massive bleeding of the wound and renal dysfunction. The incidence of deformity of the hands was 79%.Proper management of early complications and repair of the injured hands are of great importance in cases of electrical surgery.

Interleukin (IL)-5 is thought to play an important role in asthmatic bronchial mucosal inflammation and is a potential therapeutic target. To investigate the effect of IL-5 on the infiltration of eosinophils in airway in vivo, we compared eosinophil counts and their activation status in airways without and after the topical instillation of recombinant human IL-5. Eight subjects with mild atopic asthma underwent initial bronchoscopy during which control bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid as well as bronchial mucosa were obtained, and at the same time, normal saline and IL-5 were administered to two sublobar segments separately. The second bronchoscopy were carried out and samples from challenged sites were taken 24 h later. It was found that the total eosinophils (BMK-13+ cells) and the activated eosinophils (EG2+ cells) in bronchial mucosa, the eosinophil numbers in BAL fluid, as well as eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in BAL fluid from saline-challenged segments were not different from those in unchallenged segments. However, a significant eosinophilia was observed in bronchial mucosa and BAL fluid from IL-5-challenged sites. Eosinophil activation, as assessed by secretion of ECP, was also increased significantly in bronchial mucosa and BAL fluid. The results strongly suggested that IL-5 is capable of inducing eosinophil infiltration into the asthmatic airways, as well as the activation of infiltrating eosinophils.

We read with great interest the recent meta-analysis by the Song et al. on the associations between the major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A transmembrane (MICA-TM) polymorphism and susceptibility to psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) [1]. Their metaanalysis suggested a significant association of the MICATM A9 allele with psoriasis and PsA in the entire study population. In subgroup analyses, it revealed that the MICA-TM A9 allele was associated with PsA susceptibility in Europeans and psoriasis risk in Asians. The findings of this meta-analysis seem interesting; however, we would like to raise two concerns. First, the relative small number of included subjects in their meta-analysis limits the statistical power to achieve a definitive conclusion. According to Table 2 of their paper, the total number of all study patients and controls was 2002 and 1933, respectively. When the subjects were subdivided into different ethnic groups, the sample number of each group was even small. In Europeans, the total number of included cases and controls was 617 and 633, respectively, whereas in Asians, the number was 1,288 and 1,050, respectively. Therefore, it seems unlikely that the metaanalysis draws a definitive conclusion with such a small number of subjects. Discussion for the influence of subject number on the final conclusion may be necessary. Second, between-study heterogeneity was found among several analyses, which may result in bias for the estimates of the overall odds ratios (ORs). For example, heterogeneity was found among the analysis for the MICA-TM A9 allele association with psoriasis and PsA in all study subjects and Europeans (P = 0.002 and P = 0.018, respectively), and among the analysis for PsA in the entire population and Europeans (P = 0.042 and P = 0.046, respectively). It is noted that even in the analysis restricted to Europeans, heterogeneity appeared. Some possible sources, including study design, source of controls, mean age, percent of men, and genotyping method may account for it. It would be valuable if the authors could investigate sources of heterogeneity or give some discussion for this issue, rather than just conduct a combined analysis under a random-effects model. Collectively, future investigations should be conducted using large sample numbers to establish a more definitive conclusion, especially in Europeans. If the above-mentioned remarks could be taken into account in their metaanalysis, a better analysis and explanation for the results may be achieved.

The damaged layer on a ground surface is one of the important criteria for evaluating the surface quality of a workpiece. In the case of an ultra-thin depth grinding (UTDG) a very thin damaged layer has been obtained. A parameter expressing the microstructure of the damaged layer is given by the material density which is related to the acoustic parameter on the material surface. A V(z) curve from which the Rayleigh wave velocity and the total power can be calculated is gotten by using an acoustic microscope. On the basis of the above the damaged layer on a ground surface can be evaluated. KEY WORDS: Ultra-thin depth grinding Damaged layer Material density Evaluation Rayleigh wave V(z) curve 0.

This paper deals with some critical problems about a kind of new long- range scanning tunnelling microscope (STIvI) with atomic resolution which can be used in ultra- precision and microtopography detection, Through theoretical analyses and experiment verification an ultra-feed mechanisms with nm accuracy is introduced. By both analyzing a simplified model and carrying out a sense of experiment a simple and efficient vibration isolating system used for this instrument has been studied thoroughly. Furthermore a simple and reliable tip holding method is also introduced, The experiment results indicated that this instrument can be used for measuring microtopography with nm accuracy.

Changes in intrinsic protein fluorescence of lobster muscle d -glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ( d -glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate:NAD + oxidoreductase (phosphorylating), EC 1.2.1.12) have been compared with inactivation of the enzyme during denaturation in guanidine solutions. The holoenzyme is completely inactivated at guanidine concentrations less than 0.5 M and this is accompanied by a red shift of the emission maximum at 335 nm and a marked decrease in intensity of the intrinsic fluorescence. At 0.5 M guanidine, the inactivation is a slow process, with a first-order rate constant at 2.4·10 −3 s −1 . A further red shift in the emission maximum and a decrease in intensity occur at guanidine concentrations higher than 1.5 M. The emission peak at 410 nm of the fluorescent NAD derivative introduced at the active site of this enzyme (Tsou, C.L. et al. (1983) Biochem. Soc. Trans. 11, 425–429) shows both a red shift and a marked decrease in intensity at the same guanidine concentration required to bring about the inactivation and the initial changes in the intrinsic fluorescence of the holoenzyme. It appears that treatment by low guanidine concentrations leads to both complete inactivation and perturbation of the active site conformation and that a tryptophan residue is situated at or near the active site.

The number of lithium dodecylsulfate (LDS) molecules tightly bound to creatine kinase has been found by isotachophoresis to be 87 at 25°C upon saturation of the enzyme dimer with LDS. The binding shows positive cooperativity by both the Hill and Scatchard plots. The enzyme is completely inactivated when its high-affinity sites are fully occupied with LDS. However, at partial LDS saturation the activity remaining is definitely higher than can be accounted for by the amount of free enzyme left, showing the presence of species of active molecules with the tight LDS sites only partly saturated. The presence of ATP leads to a decrease in detergent bound at the high-affinity sites with partial restoration of activity.

In cloud computing field, a service-provider offers large number of resources for customers with a relatively low cost. However, any resource allocation model has to consider computational resources as well as network resources to accurately reflect practical demands. In order to rationally allocate the limited resources to users and improve resource utilization and energy efficiency of cloud systems as much as possible, a dynamic effective resource allocation algorithm based on cloud computing learning model is proposed. According to the dynamic effective resources allocation, Quality of Service Standards Framework is adopted to obtain cloud service management mechanism. In addition, the resources auction strategy and dynamic bilateral game strategy are also adopted to effectively leverage the interest-relationship between the user and the cloud provider so as to assign resources to these users with bigger demand. In the computation of cloud system and resources allocation of storage tasks, the cloud-based learning model is used to balance the demand of energy and resources so as to achieve optimal system efficiency. Simulation experiment results show that our proposed algorithm can assign more reasonably resource and energy for system computation and storage tasks and the performance of the algorithm is superior to other comparison algorithms on the utilization of resource and energy