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Byline: Ayush. Agarwal, Pinki. Chatterpal, Surya. Kant, Ajay. Garg, Sudheer. Arava, Achal. Srivastava Sir, Cutis verticis gyrata (CVG) or 'bulldog scalp' is a rare dermatological condition of the scalp characterized [...]

Byline: Ayush. Agarwal, Divyani. Garg, Kamlesh. Tayade, Abhishek. Vaigankar, Kanukuntla. Saikrishna, Pooja. Anand, Vinay. Goel, Divya. Radhakrishna, Ajay. Garg, Achal. Srivastava Dear Editor, Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a slow [...]

Byline: Ayush. Agarwal, Aminu. Aliyar, Shilpa. Rao, Anita. Mahadevan, Ajay. Garg, Achal. Srivastava Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disorder (MOGAD) is an autoimmune oligodendrocytopathy, whereas neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an [...]

Byline: Ayush. Agarwal, Divyani. Garg, Shiny. Joy, Ajay. Garg, Achal. Srivastava A 42-year-old gentleman with no prior comorbidities presented with the sub-acute onset and progressive weakness and numbness over the [...]

Byline: Maneesh. Shakywar, Ayush. Agarwal, M. Padma Srivastava, Rohit. Bhatia, Mamta. Singh, Roopa. Rajan, Anu. Gupta, Awadh. Pandit, Ajay. Garg, Jyoti. Sharma, Aakash. Gupta, Ashish. Upadhyay, Venugopalan. Vishnu Background and [...]

We wanted to evaluate if optical coherence tomography angiography OCTA findings could predict the functional outcome in extracranial carotid artery atherosclerotic disease (ECAD) associated stroke. This exploratory study was performed on adults with acute ischaemic stroke due to ECAD at 3–6 weeks following stroke onset with risk factor matched controls without carotid artery stenosis. Twenty-three stroke patients (cases) and 23 controls were enrolled. There was significant difference between cases and controls in deep vessel density at the macula (p =.0007) and in radial peripapillary capillary perfusion density (RPCPD) at the optic nerve head (ONH) (p =.0007). Statistically significant difference was noted in the total superficial vessel density (SVD) at the macula (SVD within 1 standard deviation [SD] versus SVD beyond 1 SD of control data) in the ipsilateral eye and functional outcome at 3 months (poor versus very good outcome, modified Rankin scale [mRS] 0–1 versus mRS 2–6, respectively; p =.0361). There was statistically insignificant correlation between the RPCPD at the ONH and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission, mRS at discharge, and mRS at 3 months following stroke onset (r =.33, r =.35, r =.39; p =.11, p =.09, p =.06, respectively). The findings of this exploratory study suggested that OCTA findings may predict 3 month outcomes in cases of ECAD-related stroke and could be useful in decision making in future intervention studies as to whether intervene or not in patients having critical or non-critical ECAD for preventing stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Mukesh. Bisht, Amandeep. Kumar, Pankaj. Singh, Ajay. Garg, Dattaraj. Sawarkar, Satish. Verma, Ramesh. Doddamani, Rajesh. Meena, Joseph. Leve, Sarat. Chandra, Shashank. Kale Background: Chiari 1 malformation has crowding at [...]

Byline: Ayush. Agarwal, Priyanka. Sehrawat, Venugopalan. Vishnu, Ajay. Garg, Mamta. Singh, Vinay. Goyal, M. Padma Srivastava Sir, Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the fifth leading cause of death and disability [...]

A 13-year-old female patient presented with painless vision loss and proptosis for 18 months. Imaging findings were highly suggestive of a supraorbital aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) for which she underwent complete surgical excision. Postoperatively, she developed left hemiparesis. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed right complete internal carotid arterial (ICA) thrombosis. This was managed conservatively, and she improved in hemiparesis over the next 3 weeks. Histopathology report revealed osteosarcoma with secondary ABC, for which she was referred for radiotherapy. At 1.5 months follow-up, the patient's left lower limb power improved to 4 + /5. She was walking without support, and her left upper limb power was 4/5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Inter-rater reliability is a critical aspect of stroke image interpretation. This study aims to investigate inter-rater reliability between neurologists and neuro-radiologist when assessing Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and Intracerebral Haemorrhage (ICH) scores using a mobile application (SMART INDIA App – by neurologists) and the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS – by neuro-radiologist). Methods: Adult patients diagnosed with ischemic or haemorrhagic stroke were included in this study. Two Neurologists (R1 and R2) assessed the ASPECTS and ICH scores by viewing the SMART INDIA App. A neuroradiologist expert (R3) assessed the same using PACS. Kappa statistics are presented for agreement between the Raters. Results: 100 consecutive patients each of Acute Ischemic stroke (AIS) and ICH were included. A significant agreement in the total ASPECTS between the Raters 1 and 2 (0.85(95% CI—0.775,0.926)), Raters 1 and 3(0.76(95% CI—0.671,0.857)) and Raters 2 and 3(0.76(95% CI—0.673,0.857)) was noted. A good agreement was ascertained between Rater 1 and 3, even though the devices were different. A similar excellent agreement was also noted in assessing the ICH score. The study's findings indicate that neurologists using different devices and platforms demonstrated good to excellent agreement with the neuro-radiologist (considered the gold standard) when estimating ASPECTS and ICH scores. Conclusion: The interpretations of neurologists using the SMART INDIA App can be deemed valid and reliable from the neuroimaging viewpoint. These results contribute to our understanding of the feasibility and reliability of app-based image evaluation in the assessment of stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disorder affecting the central nervous system, involving the meninges, brain parenchyma, and spinal cord. The distinctive radiologic feature observed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is characterized by periventricular radial and linear contrast enhancement. This case report details a 45-year-old male who initially exhibited constitutional symptoms, followed by encephalitis, lower limb weakness, and urinary retention. The MRI findings revealed meningoencephalitis with longitudinal extensive myelitis. Notably, the cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed the presence of anti-GFAP antibodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Ayush. Agarwal, Pritam. Mazumdar, Pranjal. Gupta, Ajay. Garg, Divya. Radhakrishnan, Animesh. Das, Awadh. Pandit, Achal. Srivastava Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an inherited, [...]

Byline: Saman. Fatima, Ajay. Garg, Leve. Joseph, M. Padma Srivastava, Deepti. Vibha, Raghav. Bansal, Ashish. Bindra, Manjari. Tripathi, Rajesh. Singh, Arunmozhimaran. Elavarasi Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is performed in patients [...]

Byline: Ayush. Agarwal, Pankaj, Mohd. Faruq, Ajay. Garg, Achal. Srivastava Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) comprise a group of complex and heterogeneous hereditary neurodegenerative disorders characterized by cerebellar ataxia, with ophthalmoplegia, pyramidal [...]

Byline: Pachipala. Sudheer, Ayush. Agarwal, Ajay. Garg, M. Padma Srivastava, Venugopalan. Vishnu Dear Editor, A 27-year-old man born out of nonconsanguineous parentage [[Figure 1]: Pedigree chart] with normal developmental history [...]

Byline: Vinay. Goel, Leve. Joseph, Deepa. Dash, Sushant. Agarwal, Ajay. Garg Clinical Description A 12-year-old boy presented in our emergency department with chief complaints of two episodes of seizures, headache, [...]