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1,219 results on '"Greenberg, N."'

208. Mental well-being interventions in the military: The ten key principles

Author

Lawrence, Erin G, Jones, N, Greenberg, N, Fear, N T, Wessely, S, Michael, G, Taylor-Beirne, S, and Simms, A

Abstract

Organisations including the United Kingdom Armed Forces should seek to implement mental health interventions to increase the psychological well-being of their workforce. This editorial briefly presents ten key principles that military forces should consider before implementing such interventions. These include job-focused training; evaluating interventions; the use of internal versus external training providers; the role of leaders; unit cohesion, single versus multiple session psychological interventions; not overgeneralising the applicability of interventions; the need for repeated skills practice; raising awareness and the fallibility of screening.

Published
2022
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215. Using LINE-1 insertions to distinguish between closely related hominoid species

Author

Smith, K.L., Mathews, L.M., Chi, S.Y., Greenberg, N., Ovchinnikov, I., and Swergold, G.D.

Subjects
Retrotransposons, Hominids -- Identification and classification, Hominids -- Genetic aspects, Anthropology/archeology/folklore
Abstract

The first step of any molecular study should be to confirm the species of interest, ruling out contamination and/or DNA collection or extraction error. Despite a recent wealth of genetic and sequence data on humans and great apes, few molecular techniques are available for easily and efficiently distinguishing between hominoid species. We have developed a single-PCR assay for identifying hominoid species using lineage-specific LINE-1 (Long Interspersed Element) insertions. LINE-1 (L1) elements belong to a family of retrotransposons that have influenced the evolution of eukaryotic species for over 600 million years. L1s that inserted into the genome of a species after its divergence from its Last Common Ancestor ate unique to that species. Thus, the presence of a species-specific L1 insertion in a DNA sample positively identifies the species origin of the sample. There are 500,000 L1s in the human genome but virtually nothing is known about the L1s in other primates. We developed a technique to construct 'LOAF' libraries that contain recent L1 insertions from primate genomes. From LOAF libraries, we identified insertions that are unique to each of the great ape species. For each species-specific insertion, we developed a PCR assay capable of detecting both the presence ('occupied allele') and the absence ('empty allele') of the L1 insertion. These assays are capable of rapidly and unambiguously identifying the species of origin of a DNA sample. We are currently extending this approach to develop assays for distinguishing between Old and New World monkeys, and prosimians.

Published
2003

224. What happens to the mental health of UK service personnel after they return home from Afghanistan?

Author

Banwell, Elizabeth, Greenberg, N, Smith, P, Jones, N, and Fertout, M

Abstract

ObjectiveFear et alidentified a small but significant increase in probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in UK military personnel from around 3% in first year post deployment to around 6% by year 5. As yet it is not clear what factors are linked to the increase in probable PTSD, and therefore, serial measurement of poor mental health would be helpful.MethodRates of mental ill health among UK service personnel were compared upon deployment completion and at follow-up and identified factors associated with maladjustment.ResultsPoor mental health symptomatology increased from baseline to follow-up, PTSD symptoms and related functional impairment increased significantly. Poor baseline mental health was predictive of transition and family relationship difficulties.ConclusionsThe results are discussed in relation to encouraging recognition and reporting of symptoms among personnel and their social networks.

Published
2016
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245. Prostate cancer in a transgenic mouse.

Author

Greenberg, N M, primary, DeMayo, F, additional, Finegold, M J, additional, Medina, D, additional, Tilley, W D, additional, Aspinall, J O, additional, Cunha, G R, additional, Donjacour, A A, additional, Matusik, R J, additional, and Rosen, J M, additional

Published
1995
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247. The rat probasin gene promoter directs hormonally and developmentally regulated expression of a heterologous gene specifically to the prostate in transgenic mice.

Author

Greenberg, N M, primary, DeMayo, F J, additional, Sheppard, P C, additional, Barrios, R, additional, Lebovitz, R, additional, Finegold, M, additional, Angelopoulou, R, additional, Dodd, J G, additional, Duckworth, M L, additional, Rosen, J M, additional, and Matusik, R J, additional

Published
1994
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249. Preliminary study to assess mycotoxin concentrations in whole corn in the California feed supply.

Author

Krout-Greenberg, N. D., Puschner, B., Davidson, M. G., and DePeters, E. J.

Subjects
*MYCOTOXINS, *CORN as feed, *ANIMAL feeding, *LIVESTOCK, *DAIRY cattle
Abstract

Mycotoxins are naturally occurring environmental contaminants recognized worldwide in a variety of food and feed products. Produced as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi, mycotoxins can have acute and chronic effects. Differing seasonal weather patterns and harvesting and storage conditions put corn grain at high risk for mycotoxin contamination. The objective of this study was to assess the risk of mycotoxin exposure posed to California livestock from whole corn. Random samples (n = 50) of whole corn were collected and analyzed for 6 different mycotoxins, including aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin), and zearalenone. The samples represented a cross section of the corn entering California from various corn-growing states (n = 43) as well as additional samples from California-grown corn (n = 7). The experiment was a randomized sampling design. Over the course of a 6-mo period, 16 trains in California (100-110 railcars) and 5 California grain elevators were randomly sampled. Aflatoxins were detected in 14 samples, with 1 sample containing a concentration of 41.3 μg/kg (as-is basis), which was above the action level of 20 μg/kg for corn fed to dairy cattle. The average concentration of aflatoxins for the 13 samples below the regulatory action level was 8.69 μg/kg (range 4.67 to 13.82 μg/kg). Deoxynivalenol was found in 15 samples and averaged 553 μg/kg (range 340 to 1,072 μg/kg), which was below the federal advisory level of 5,000 μg/kg for grain fed to dairy cattle. Fumonisins were found in 38 samples and averaged 1,687 μg/kg (range 435 to 4,843 μg/kg), which was below the federal guidance level of 30,000 μg/kg in corn for dairy cattle. Ochratoxins, T-2 toxins, and zearalenone were not detected in any samples of whole corn. Fumonisins were the most prevalent mycotoxins found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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250. Iraq and Afghanistan veteran presentations to Combat Stress, since 2003.

Author

van Hoorn, L. A., Jones, N., Busuttil, W., Fear, N. T., Wessely, S., Hunt, E., and Greenberg, N.

Subjects
VETERANS, COMBAT stress reaction, MENTAL health services, MILITARY service, HELP-seeking behavior, POST-traumatic stress disorder
Abstract

Background Recently, proposals have been made to improve mental health care for UK military veterans. Combat Stress (CS), a veteran’s charity, has provided mental health services for veterans since 1919. Since 2003, service users have included veterans from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts; however, their pattern of help-seeking has not been evaluated. Aims To describe the characteristics of the veteran population of the recent Iraq or Afghanistan conflicts who sought help from CS between 2003 and May 2011. Methods CS Iraq and Afghanistan veteran clinical and welfare records were evaluated. Results Nine hundred and eighty-eight records were evaluated. The median time for veterans of recent conflicts to seek help from CS since discharge from military service was ~2 years, considerably shorter than the mean time of 14 years previously estimated by CS. Approximately, three-quarters of the veterans receiving a full clinical assessment (n = 114), received a diagnosis of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n = 87). Approximately half of the clinically assessed veterans self-referred to CS (51%); their most frequent diagnosis was PTSD. Conclusions Veterans who have served in Iraq and Afghanistan are presenting to Combat Stress sooner, and at a younger age, than veterans of previous conflicts and operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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