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Syracuse, New York LADIES AND GENTLEMEN, puh-leez welcome Jeff Baran!' With the manic, over-enunciated zeal of a late night television commercial, an off-stage voice introduces the executive director of the [...]

This article draws from interviews with music promoters from the northern England to consider their use of social media to develop online communities. It reveals they have developed online spaces offering digital leisure for the making and enjoying of music, but the forming of these music-loving communities is problematic. Promoters are necessarily distracted by what might be called a corporate community of agents, local councils, and so forth. Promoting itself is complicated by the social community of live music fans with its different music genre-based subcommunities. As a result, complex community structures form around “pools,” “webs,” and “hubs” with whom the promoters communicate in both instrumental and communicative ways. Underpinning this social construct, activity in the community is predominantly transactional and instrumental in an approach that differs little from the equivalent offline world and, as a result, offers little as a transformative space for social justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As with most new things, the big data revolution in criminal justice has historic antecedents--indeed, a 1965 Presidential Commission called for some of the same data analysis that police departments and courts are today developing and implementing. But there is no doubt we are on the precipice of a criminal justice data revolution, and it is a good time to take stock and to begin developing guidelines so that, as much as possible, criminal justice systems might reap the benefits and avoid the pitfalls of this newly data-centric world. In that spirit, I propose ten high-level rules to guide criminal justice big data implementations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We finally have a federal 'test case.' In Carpenter v. United States, the Supreme Court is poised to set the direction of the Fourth Amendment in the digital age. The case squarely presents how the twentieth-century third party doctrine will fare in contemporary times, and the stakes could not be higher. This Article reviews the Carpenter case and how it fits within the greater discussion of the Fourth Amendment third party doctrine and location surveillance, and I express a hope that the Court will be both a bit ambitious and a good measure cautious. As for ambition, the Court must recognize that the fundamental liberty protected by the Fourth Amendment--the right to be "secure in [our] persons, houses, papers, and effects"--is squarely at issue when the government seeks to track our longer term movements, whether historically or prospectively. It is not business records, beepers, automobiles, phones, cameras, drones, or some other coincidental medium or technology that is at issue: it is our constitutionally protected liberty. Thus, the Court should hold that law enforcement acquisition of longer term cell site location information (CSLI) constitutes a Fourth Amendment search, ending the monolithic, anachronistic third party doctrine. As to the precise durational trigger and as to what particular law enforcement restraint would be correspondingly reasonable, the Court should be cautious, as it was in United States v. Jones and Grady v. North Carolina. It will have taken the better part of a half century to undo the Court's expansive third-party declaration in United States v. Miller, an unnecessary overreach best relegated to history. Thus, while the Court should not abandon Fourth Amendment development through reasonable reliance, it should remand these constitutional determinations for lower court development. Those courts should consider not only Fourth Amendment precedents, but also how state supreme courts have independently interpreted their own constitutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The English Premier League remains the envy of the rest of the world with eight clubs from this league in the top twenty based on revenue (Deloitte & Touche, 2007). This paper sets out to examine the impact of technology on those clubs. Secondary research identifies that a globalisation trend amongst the larger clubs is driving a variety of revenue streams. How technology is helping the clubs to create a wide range of service offerings for football fans in the UK and beyond is highlighted. It becomes clear that broadcasting is key in its ability to not only generate revenue in its own right but also increase merchandise and sponsorship revenues. The differing types of football fan are considered but it is discovered that the available research concentrates on fans attending matches. The global fan is expected to show a different pattern of consumption in terms of the location of consumption as well as the service itself. It becomes clear that not only is little known about the fans who don't regularly attend matches but that there is some scepticism about whether the technology will meet their needs. Alongside the secondary research noted above, primary research takes a look at 3G mobile phone technology as a way to examine the views on technology of the top-flight football clubs in the English Premier League. Clear, wide ranging, technically based strategies are observed amongst the larger football clubs enabling them to reach out to their global fan base. The findings support the view that there is a widening gap between the 'haves' and 'have nots'. Furthermore, they confirm the view that, whilst broadcasting rights are increasing their revenues, there remain gaps in market knowledge and mistrust of technologies that are neither necessarily stable nor offer the market a product that is valued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]