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Kemudahan akses informasi melalui berbagai media telah memudahkan individu untuk menemukan apa yang mereka cari. Namun, hal ini juga menyebabkan menjamurnya informasi palsu atau hoaks. Al-Qur'an memperkenalkan konsep tabayyun, yang berarti mencari kejelasan atas sesuatu, termasuk informasi. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh model pembelajaran tajribi (Latihan atau pengamalan) terhadap kemampuan tabayyun siswa dalam konteks pengembangan kemampuan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen dengan desain nonequivalent control group. Jumlah sampel terdiri dari 27 siswa di kelas eksperimen dan 30 siswa di kelas kontrol. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran tajribi berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan tabayyun siswa, yang ditunjukkan dengan hasil uji independent sample t-test menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 26 for Windows. Data yang diperoleh, dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05, menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (< 0,05), sehingga menolak H0 yang menyatakan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran tajribi terhadap kemampuan tabayyun siswa, dan menerima H1 yang menyatakan sebaliknya. Namun demikian, penelitian lebih lanjut dengan waktu penelitian yang lebih lama dan berulang-ulang perlu dilakukan untuk mengembangkan tabayyun sebagai suatu kebiasaan di kalangan siswa. Selain itu, model pembelajaran tajribi dapat dikombinasikan dengan berbagai media pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan pemahaman materi.

Despite the robust ability of microcapsules (MIC) to break and release agent for healing/sealing efficacy, the reduction of concrete strength has been a major issue when using MIC. In this study, the optimisation of concrete mix design was initiated with employing three main parameters: MIC size (56, 93 μm), MIC dosage (0, 3, 6% by weight of cement) and water-cement (w/c) ratio (0.40, 0.50, 0.60). The used microcapsules consisted of water repellent agent core acting as a sealing agent and polyurethane as the shell material. Results confirmed the MIC dosage as the most significant factor affecting the mechanical properties, while no significant effect on the MIC size. Further, the MIC effect can be reduced by changing the concrete mix design from low to high w/c. The sealing efficiency of concrete was remarkably improved with the inclusion of MIC and a good bond between the capsules and concrete matrix was attained.

Repurchase intent: Repurchase intent is often a step that occurs naturally if a customer has emotions towards a particular product. This research examines the influence of service quality and perceived value on repurchase intentions and customer satisfaction, by considering satisfaction as an intervening variable in the context of Mie Gacoan products. The main objective of this research is to analyze the causal relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable in the presence of intervening variables. The primary data source in this research is Mie Gacoan customers. Data was collected from a total of 145 customers throughout Indonesia who are Noodle Gacoan connoisseurs. Meanwhile the research method uses a purposive sampling method, while for statistical analysis the PLS 3.0 test tool is used. The majority of Mie Gacoan customers in the sample are women (69%), have a high school/vocational education (51%), are students (49%), and live around one million two hundred thousand rupiah to one million rupiah. rupiah. Eight hundred thousand rupiah (46.9%). The results obtained from this research are as follows: First, perceived value does not contribute to customer satisfaction. Second, service quality contributes to customer satisfaction. Third, satisfaction contributes to repurchase intention. Fourth, service quality contributes to repurchase intention through satisfaction. Fifth, perceived value does not contribute to repurchase intention through satisfaction

This research aims to determine the role of work engagement and employee creativity in mediating the influence of job crafting on task performance in the Bapenda of West Java Province. Data was collected using a questionnaire distributed online to employees at CPPD Bapenda offices in five regions in West Java. A total of 267 respondents participated in filling out the questionnaire, which was distributed via Google Form by selecting samples using proportionate stratified random sampling, and then the data was processed using the structural equation modelling (SEM) approach with the partial least squares (PLS) method. The research results found that job crafting does not have a positive effect on task performance, but it needs a mediating role in work engagement. The role of employee creativity arises when work engagement exists as a variable that mediates the influence of job crafting on employee creativity, and work engagement acts as a variable that encourages employee creativity as a variable that mediates its influence on task performance. Future research is expected to expand testing on variables that encourage job crafting to influence employee creativity and task performance. Apart from that, it is necessary to examine other variables that influence task performance in other public and private sectors.

Financial digital transformation provides easy access to financing in terms of financial literacy and inclusion. Digital financial literacy and inclusion is a means of education and ease of life and the future for both personal and business needs that are financially effective and efficient in various aspects including a wider range of transactions, easy to use, time-saving, affordable costs, easy-to-understand tools and maintained security. The purpose of this article is to explain the digital transformation of financial literacy and inclusion, explain the contribution of digital financial literacy to the convenience of MSMEs, explain the contribution of digital inclusion to MSMEs and discuss the advantages, disadvantages and solutions of digitalization of financial literacy and inclusion in its implementation. The method used in the study is RISMA 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses) aimed at increasing the transparency and completeness of reporting systematic review results making it easier for readers to assess the trustworthiness and applicability of review findings. The result of digital transformation is financial access and financial literacy providing convenience through an easy-to-use and secure financial service platform for both the general public and business owners in conducting transactions, financing and investment. Digitalization of financial literacy will facilitate financial access, get financial education, and facilitate transactions, but in some countries financial inclusion does not have a significant effect on alleviating MSMEs, if these countries provide policies to financial institutions to increase lending with easy collateral it will enable the success of MSMEs.

Globally, habitat loss, deforestation, and climate change are mostly caused by land cover changes (LCC). The amount of land covered by trees has had a major impact on global warming and climate change. Increasing the amount of land cover helps to mitigate climate change and global warming. This study aims to investigate the changes in land cover and carbon storage in Plawangan Hill, Indonesia, over four years (2009, 2013, 2017, and 2023). The study site was defined as a conservation area that has been periodically impacted both directly and indirectly by volcanic eruptions. Images from Landsat 7 and 8 were used to collect data. Additionally, land cover changes were assessed using the forest canopy density (FCD Mapper) model, which was then utilized to quantify the carbon storage of the research site. The findings demonstrated fluctuations in land cover changes between 2009 and 2023. Additionally, changes in land cover have a direct impact on changes in carbon storage. The age of the trees, type of vegetation, succession stage, and history of eruptions were the variables that were apparent to be the main causes of these changes.

As one of the world's largest rice producers, Indonesia has an abundance of rice husk as a byproduct of rice milling. Rice husks were utilized to examine downdraft gasification with syngas recirculation system. This study attempts to produce better syngas than conventional downdraft gasifier. With an equivalency ratio of 0.20, syngas was recirculated into the reactor in the pyrolysis zone with valve openings at 25%, 50%, and 75%. This study determined the syngas recycling ratio that maximizes H2 and CO gas and decreases tar. Increasing the syngas recirculation valve (25%, 50%, and 75%) accelerates flame propagation and pyrolysis zone temperature. Syngas study showed no recirculation condition produces the maximum CO2 and CH4. Different recirculation valve openings little affect CO and CH4 gas composition. The H2 gas composition demonstrates that valve openings significantly change H2 gas generation and that the peak was at 50% syngas recirculation. Tar content decreased to 30% and 35% at 50% and 75% valve openings. Based on H2/CO comparison and tar concentration, 50% opening syngas recirculation became the optimum case.

We study the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) activity and selectivity of Fe single-atom catalyst (Fe-SAC) and Fe dual-atom catalyst (Fe-DAC) active sites at the interior of graphene and the edges of graphitic nanopore by using a combination of DFT calculations and microkinetic simulations. The trend of limiting potentials for CO2RR to produce CO can be described by using either the adsorption energy of COOH, CO, or their combination. CO2RR process with reasonable reaction rates can be achieved only on the active site configurations with weak tendencies toward CO poisoning. The efficiency of CO2RR on a catalyst depends on its ability to suppress the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which is directly related to the behavior of H adsorption on the catalyst’s active site. We find that the edges of the graphitic nanopore can act as potential adsorption sites for an H atom, and in some cases, the edge site can bind the H atom much stronger than the main Fe site. The linear scaling between CO and H adsorptions is broken if this condition is met. This condition also allows some edge active site configurations to have their CO2RR limiting potential lower than the HER process favoring CO production over H2 production.

Purpose – This study intends to provide an in-depth explanation of the importance of transforming cash waqf management in Indonesia through a digitalization platform. Methodology – This research was library research. The data collection techniques used in this study were literature review and documentation. Data analysis techniques are in the form of content analysis. The stages of content analysis in this research were carried out by determining the problem, compiling a framework of thought, compiling methodological tools, analyzing literature data, and interpreting the data that have been obtained. Findings – The findings of this study suggest that cash waqf innovation through digital platforms has proven to be an applicable solution. The transformation of cash waqf management through digital platforms has proven to accelerate the growth of waqf assets and the benefits of waqf for the improvement of community welfare and to increase public knowledge and awareness of cash waqf. The constraints of digital cash waqf development in Indonesia are the lack of qualified and professional nazirs and human resources, strong business network for digital cash waqf development, digital cash waqf socialization among the public, and popularity of digital waqf institutions. Implications – This research is useful for improving the transformation of cash waqf management through digitalization, which has demanded collaboration and synergy between the Indonesian government and Zakat institutions. Originality – This study examined the digital transformation model of cash waqf management in Indonesia.

Phlebopus portentosus (Berk. & Broome) Boedijn was firstly constructed from the collection of Indonesia in 1951. To date, the subsequent collection of this ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi has not been done in Indonesia. In addition, the utilization information of this edible mushroom as food is not popular for the country. The goal of our work was to update the current collection, provide the morphological and molecular data, and promote the utilization of this edible mushroom in Indonesia. Fresh fruiting bodies were evaluated for morphological and molecular evidence. The basidiomata were analysis on the basis of the morphological and molecular evidence. The phylogenetic tree was constructed following the rDNA-ITS 1/2 sequence. P. portentosus was verified by morphological and phylogenetic studies combined. The indigenous people in the research site use this wild edible mushroom for self-consumption and sell it to local market. Phlebopus portentosus BO24626 was solitary to connate, boletoid basidioma, yellowish to greenish brown pileus and stipe, yellowish hymenophore, clavate stipe, club shaped basidia, oval to subglobose basidiospores, cystidia present. The absence of sponge-like tissues and the occurrence of sterigmata distinguished our specimens from the similar morphological species P. spongious. The lack of reddish stipe distinguished our specimen from P. roseus. In addition, the presence of hymenial cystidia delimits our specimens from P. colossus. The inferred phylogenetic tree nested our specimen in the group of P. portentosus (sister to P. spongiosus). The ITS sequence of our specimen is now deposited at GenBank and can be applied to upcoming research of P. portentosus.

The genus Pleurotus is known as a commercially important mushroom and one of the most well-known cultivated mushrooms worldwide. Of many species of Pleurotus, the phoenix mushroom (P. pulmonarius) is cultivated in many countries, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, the farmers and larger companies usually use commercial strains of phoenix mushroom which they purchased from other countries. To date, there was no prior information regarding wild occurrences of P. pulmonarius in Indonesia. During our regular mushroom hunting in Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia, some edible wild fruiting bodies of light brown Pleurotus were collected. The current study aimed to determine the taxonomical position of our specimens based on morphological and molecular evidence. The combination of morphological and molecular analysis confirmed our specimens as P. pulnonarius. Morphologically, our specimens were distinguished by the small to medium sized fruiting bodies, pileus light brown, pinkish brown, to pale brown, flabelliform in the beginning to expanding broadly ovoid in maturity, lamellae shortly to deeply decurrent, stipe fleshy, eccentric to lateral, concolorous with lamellae, Basidiospores cylindrical to ellipsoid, basidia clavate to club shaped, basidioles are abundant, oleiferous hyphae common. The BLAST result revealed that our specimens posed a high similarity to P. pulnonarius from several countries as the top hits. The ITS phylogenetic tree placed Pleurotus FIPIA-DEP51 in the same clade of P. pulnonarius with 100% BS value. This study reports for the first time the wild occurences of P. pulmonarius in Indonesia. Future study should be done to characterize the cultures of reported mushroom which can potentially be the local strain for cultivation of P. pulmonarius industry in Indonesia.

The chiral separation of hydroxychloroquine, an antimalarial drug with one chiral center, has been predicted using molecular docking and was proven using the HPLC method. Docking utilized the PM3 semi-empirical method with specific grid coordinates (X = 19.977, Y = 20.069, and Z = 25.901) and a grid size of (X = 20, Y = 20, and Z = 60), employing a grid spacing of 1,000 Å, an exhaustiveness value of 8, and num_modes of 10. The analysis revealed the enhanced stability of R-hydroxychloroquine within the tris amylose complex, resulting in slower retention and elution rates compared to S-hydroxychloroquine. The HPLC experimental validation demonstrates resolution (Rs = 2.23), successfully achieved by employing amylose tris-based chiral columns. The mobile phase composition employed in this study consisted of acetonitrile:aquabidest: dimethylamine (47:52:1, v/v). Detection was performed at 343 nm, and the optimized HPLC method successfully quantitatively determined hydroxychloroquine in a liquid pharmaceutical sample with a percentage recovery of 98.47%.

Amidst the global push for sustainability, the burgeoning electric vehicle (EV) industry has driven increased demand for batteries, placing the Indonesian nickel ore sector in a pivotal position due to its vast reserves. This study thoroughly examines the investment landscape of this sector, utilizing advanced portfolio optimization techniques to analyze four major nickel ore mine firms in Indonesia. Through Monte Carlo simulations, the study evaluates the optimal portfolios of risky assets, comparing their performance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings reveal a significant shift in portfolio composition during the Pandemic, reflecting investors' response to global disruptions by diversifying their holdings. Notably, the Sharpe Ratio, a risk-adjusted return measure, demonstrates an impressive increase in return relative to risk during the Pandemic, emphasizing the sector's resilience and attractiveness for investment, especially in times of economic uncertainty like the COVID-19 pandemic. The transformation in portfolio weights and the corresponding increase in risk-adjusted returns highlight the sector’s potential as a lucrative investment avenue, especially during periods of global economic uncertainty like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose – This study aims to propose a solution to accelerate financing support low carbon (circular economy) transition. The authors developed a sustainability governance (SGOV) model and a sustainability governance (SGOV) index as a proxy for the diffusion of sustainability innovation. This study investigates the effect of SGOV practices on profitability with the mediating role of operational efficiency. Design/methodology/approach – The SGOV index consists of 32 and 122 sub-items, constructed using content analysis of annual and sustainability reports published by banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2010 to 2020 (404 bank-year observations). Findings – Banks are at a moderate level of sustainability innovation. They are prioritizing the balance aspects of financial, social and environmental. SGOV practice negatively affects profitability. However, operational efficiency plays a positive mediating role that is robust. Research limitations/implications – The measurement of the SGOV index uses criteria that have not been tested in previous studies. There is the potential subjectivity in interpreting qualitative data, although this has been minimized by cross-checking the analysis of five raters. Practical implications – This study gives feedback for the Indonesia sustainable finance (SF) journey phase I to proceed into SF journey phase II. Social implications – The SGOV model can be applied in other industry sectors to know the readiness for entering low carbon (circular economy) transition. Originality/value – The uniqueness of the scoring technique assuming a step-by-step innovation model to sustainable finance.

Background: Indonesian pharmaceutical industry is experiencing many challenges, spesficically their raw materials mostly are imported products. Several factors that cause the pharmaceutical raw materials industry to be challenging are lack of mastery of technology, lack of government support, low budget for R&D, high costs of development and time consuming, and low innovation incentives. Aims: This study aims to conduct a study on the strategies for developing the pharmaceutical raw material industry in Indonesia Methods: This study employed a qualitative method, the data triangulation gathered from interviews and discussions with several industries and institutions. The study was conducted for six months in 2022. Results: The policies that are required to be implemented to make the pharmaceutical raw materials industry thrive are (i) the presence of a clear grand strategy, (ii) determining the priority of pharmaceutical raw materials based on industrial needs, (iii) protecting domestic products, (iv) increasing health spending, (v) strengthening basic chemical product, and (vi) increasing the budget for R&D. Conclusion: Some policies that can be enhanced include providing incentives and policies that favor the local pharmaceutical raw material industry, ranging from regulated prices, putting an end to dependence on imported products, tax incentives, domestic products protection through import tariff policies, energy subsidies, technology transfers, et cetera. Keywords: pharmaceutical raw materials, policy, pharmaceutical

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui Pengaruh metode latihan interval dalam meningkatkan kemampuan daya kemantapan gerak atlet cabang olahraga pencak silat di padepokan putra siliwangi Garut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif (eksperimen), menggunakan pre-eksperimen dengan one grup pretes-postes sebagai bentuk dari desain penelitiannya. Hasil dari tes interval memiliki rata-rata pretes sebesar 11.92 dan postes sebesar 15.67 dengan persentase peningkatan sebesar100% atau semua atlet mengalami peningkatan. Dari pembahasan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode latihan interval memberikan dampak yang baik atau meningkat sehingga perlu menjadi sebuah rekomendasi atau sebuah gambaran yang bisa digunakan bagi para guru, pelatih, pembina ekstrakurikuler di sekolah untuk bisa di jadikan acuan bahwasannya penelitian yang memberikan dampak yang sangat baik. Hal ini berdasarkan penelitian yang telah mengkonfirmasi efektivitas metode latihan interval dalam meningkatkan daya tahan fisik atlet, sehingga dapat dijadikan dasar bagi para profesional olahraga untuk merancang program latihan yang sesuai dan efisien bagi para atlet mereka.

Beta-casein in milk is known to be a bioactive peptide producer because of its amino acid sequence. Bioactive peptides have prospected molecules that can adhere with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, so they can inhibit the virus from hooking up with human cell receptor protein. The research is aimed to find any peptides from goat’s milk beta-casein that are prospective candidates as SARS-CoV-2 spike protein inhibitors. Goat’s milk beta-casein was simulated as being digested by the digestive tract. Pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin enzymes cut the beta-casein amino acids sequence into small peptides. Then, their bioavailability was predicted by Lipinski’s Rules of 5 (Ro5), any most fitted peptides to the rules will be simulated to dock to SARS-CoV2 spike protein besides Curcumin as the control ligand. Peptides with the best bind activity with the spike protein will be selected as inhibitor candidates. Peptide QPK is selected as a SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor candidate because it has better affinity energy than Curcumin or other selected peptides.

In the modern world, the approach to learning mathematics is considered a social activity because it involves interaction between teachers and students, building collaboration, and using technology to solve mathematical problems. The design of digital sociomathematics teaching materials aims to create a learning environment that is more accessible, flexible, interactive, collaborative, innovative, and efficient. This research aims to develop a socio-mathematical digital teaching material for elementary schools. The research uses development research methods, using the ADDIE development model, which consists of analysis, design, development, application, and evaluation stages. However, the current research focus is analysis, design, and development. The study data was obtained through the questionnaire. The material validation results showed 61% of the category is high and 39% is excellent. This study concludes that the instructional materials developed are employed in classroom teaching. This study suggests that future research could be directed towards evaluating the implementation of socio-mathematical digital teaching materials in primary school classrooms.

The safety of maritime transportation is a critical aspect that must be addressed to ensure the well-being of ships and their crew. Frequent ship accidents highlight the need for improvements in the maritime transportation system. One of the causes of ship accidents is ship instability, leading to a loss of balance and even sinking. Ship stability is influenced by both internal and external factors, including human negligence in observing and addressing ship instability. This research aims to design and create a management ballast system model that can be operated automatically as a solution to reduce ship rolling motion. This system enables the ship to maintain balance using automatic side ballast tank management by utilizing two wing tanks on either side of the ship. The ballast management system will be equipped with an accurate ship roll angle detector, the Initial Measurement Unit sensor, a microcontroller, and a series of actuators, including relays as voltage control switches for the pump motor. This research involves simulation and testing/experiments at various angles, namely 5, 10, and 15 degrees. Simulations are conducted under conditions with and without the ballast management system, which is then confirmed through experiments under the same conditions. The expected outcome of this research is that the created ballast management system can be used to reduce ship rolling.

Occupational Safety and Health (OHS) is an effort to guarantee and protect the safety and health of every worker through efforts to prevent work accidents and work-related diseases. Safety Helmet is one of the components that must exist and be used in accordance with Occupational Safety and Health standards. Detection of safety helmets usage is one of the efforts to support these activities. The application of Arc Circularity Naive Bayes is used to detect whether an object meets the ratio of a circle by utilizing RGB and HSV image filtering and classification using Naïve Bayes. That method is used to detect whether a worker uses a safety helmet or not, it also detects helm color. The average value of accuracy is 50.8, precision is 58.3%, recall is 66.0%, and f1-score is 59.5% which are calculated using the Confusion Matrix

This study aims to determine the effect of peer-to-peer lending (P2PL) on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) underpinned by the theory of planned behavior and asses its impact on the borrower’s intention to recommend such a platform. This paper used a quantitative survey method with partial least squares structural equation modeling to analyze the data collected through a questionnaire. The data were obtained from 395 respondents who are entrepreneurs or business leaders in SMEs in Indonesia and had experience in borrowing business loan funds from the P2PL apps. The structural questionnaire was distributed from January to May 2022. The results of this study indicate that the three core components of the theory of planned behavior (attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) can significantly influence the intention to continue usage and the intention to recommend with an R-squared value of 0.626, which indicates a meaningful explanatory power. The results proved that perceived benefits and risk and electronic word-of-mouth are the antecedents with significant influence. Moreover, this study provides new insights into how self-efficacy and mental accounting can influence perceived behavioral control. These findings could suggest that P2PL management should be more innovative in developing effective marketing strategies based on the traits and borrower’s points of view. Particularly, they could emphasize customer segmentation based on mental accounting.

Chicken is one of the staple foods that is widely enjoyed by all. To obtain the benefits of chicken meat, the level of freshness becomes one of the main keys. In general, the level of freshness of chicken meat is divided into two classes, namely fresh and non-fresh. The difference in the level of freshness can be seen from the color changes of each class. Spoiled chicken (chicken died yesterday) is one type of meat in the non-fresh group. The widespread sale of spoiled chicken meat among the public raises doubts about choosing chicken that is suitable and unsuitable for consumption. Therefore, chicken meat freshness classification is needed to facilitate the selection of chicken meat based on color characteristics. The use of Naive Bayes Classifier algorithm in categorizing fresh and non-fresh classes is done by calculating the probability value of each image channel input. This research was conducted to compare the Naive Bayes, decision tree, and K-NN algorithms in classifying chicken meat based on color characteristics. The results of the study showed that the Naive Bayes classifier algorithm was superior to the decision tree and K-NN algorithms with an accuracy rate of 75%, precision of 79%, and recall of 65%. It is known that 27 images were predicted correctly and 9 images were predicted incorrectly out of a total 36 data. The use of a histogram in this study aims to differentiate chicken meat images from non-meat during the testing process of the model using the Naive Bayes classifier algorithm.

This research examines the factors that hinder the implementation of Macapat song learning in junior high schools. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this research used observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The data was collected and analyzed using data analysis by Miles and Huberman (1994), which began with data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The validity of the data used the triangulation data method. The research results show that the implementation of Macapat song learning in junior high school is hampered by two factors: internal and external factors originating from students and teachers. The internal factors inhibiting students include low student interest, students' lack of mastery of Javanese vocabulary, and the assumption that learning Macapat songs is less critical. The internal factors inhibiting teachers include Javanese language teachers who tend not to have a Javanese language educational background, teachers who do not master the material of Macapat songs, less innovative learning methods, and teachers who have difficulty implementing the emancipated curriculum in learning. The external factors inhibiting students include device usage factors, family factors, and inadequate internet networks. The external factors inhibiting teachers include insufficient allocation of learning hours and lack of infrastructure that supports Macapat song learning. This research expects students to grow their interest in learning Macapat songs to maintain and preserve Javanese culture. With students' seriousness towards the Macapat song learning material, students will have a sense of love for Indonesian culture.

Imbalanced learning problems are a challenge faced by classifiers when data samples have an unbalanced distribution among classes. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) is one of the most well-known data pre-processing methods. Problems that arise when oversampling with SMOTE are the phenomenon of noise, small disjunct samples, and overfitting due to a high imbalance ratio in a dataset. A high level of imbalance ratio and low variance conditions cause the results of synthetic data generation to be collected in narrow areas and conflicting regions among classes and make them susceptible to overfitting during the learning process by machine learning methods. Therefore, this research proposes a combination between Radius-SMOTE and Bagging Algorithm called the IRS-BAG Model. For each sub-sample generated by bootstrapping, oversampling was done using Radius SMOTE. Oversampling on the sub-sample was likely to overcome overfitting problems that might occur. Experiments were carried out by comparing the performance of the IRS-BAG model with various previous oversampling methods using the imbalanced public dataset. The experiment results using three different classifiers proved that all classifiers had gained a notable improvement when combined with the proposed IRS-BAG model compared with the previous state-of-the-art oversampling methods. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-05-04 Full Text: PDF

Jeruk adalah salah satu buah yang paling popular di dunia. Jeruk merupakan buah sitrus yang memiliki banyak kandungan vitamin C dan anti oksidan, yang bermanfaat bagi kekebalan tubuh. Buah jeruk banyak tumbuh di daerah tropis salah satunya Indonesia. Produktivias buah jeruk di Indonesia sangat tinggi dengan hal tersebut maka proses pemilahan buah jeruk berkualitas akan membutuhkan waktu yang lama apabila dilakukan secara manual. Hal ini tentunya akan mengurangi efektivitas dan efisiensi waktu yang ada. Sehingga dibutuhkannya suatu sistem komputasi dengan suatu algoritma untuk menunjang permasalahan tersebut. Perancangan sistem ini akan menggunakan algoritma naïve bayes untuk mengklasifikasikan kualitas buah jeruk. Sistem ini akan mempermudah proses pemilahan jeruk berkualitas dan manajemen waktu akan lebih efektif. Hasil akhir dari sistem ini mendapatkan hasil akurasi pelatihan 72,7% dan pengujian 62,6%.

In this study, an analysis was conducted on a steam power plant system with a capacity of 2 x 7 MW based on coal. The coal fuel used by the majority of refined sizes is not in accordance with the recommendations of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). The main objective of the study was to analyze the system components separately and to measure the exergy value of the components, covering the electrical energy so that it is known which equipment experiences the greatest energy loss as well as knowing the efficiency value of the equipment used. Efficiency and exergy are calculated using plant operation data. The results of the study found that the largest exergy destruction occurred in boilers, meaning that there was the largest energy loss in this section with a value of 37.34 MW (16.71%), while the destruction of the smallest exergy occurred in condensers of 0.58 MW (99.24%).

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by recurrent, brief unilateral electric shock-like pain, limited to the distribution of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve, appearing and stopping suddenly, and triggered by stimuli that are normally painless. TN is a clinical diagnosis according to the diagnostic criteria of the international classification of headache disorders. Investigations such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electrophysiological tests are required to determine the etiology. It is important to know the etiology of NT because of the different therapeutic approaches. In acute exacerbations of TN, the pain intensity increases and the frequency of attacks is very high. This condition causes anorexia and dehydration because drinking or eating will trigger pain attacks. Hospitalization is needed for rehydration, nutritional maintenance, acute pain management and dose adjustment of anti-convulsant drugs as pain prevention or until other measures such as surgery or neuroablatives are carried out as indicated.