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1,157 results on '"Humboldt Foundation"'

201. Search for charged Higgs bosons in the H± ? t ± ?t decay channel in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García-Ferrero, J., García Alonso, A., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García-Ferrero, J., García Alonso, A., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search is presented for charged Higgs bosons in the H ? t? decay mode in the hadronic final state and in final states with an electron or a muon. The search is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb. The results agree with the background expectation from the standard model. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section times branching fraction to t? for an H in the mass range of 80GeV to 3TeV, including the region near the top quark mass. The observed limit ranges from 6 pb at 80 GeV to 5 fb at 3 TeV. The limits are interpreted in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model m scenario.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Published: 2019

202. Search for supersymmetry in final states with photons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: Results are reported of a search for supersymmetry in final states with photons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV using the CMS detector. The results are interpreted in the context of models of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking. Production cross section limits are set on gluino and squark pair production in this framework. Gluino masses below 1.86 TeV and squark masses below 1.59 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level
Published: 2019

203. Search for a standard model-like Higgs boson in the mass range between 70 and 110 GeV in the diphoton final state in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 and 13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Scodellaro, Luca, Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Prieels, C., Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Scodellaro, Luca, Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Prieels, C., Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: The results of a search for a standard model-like Higgs boson in the mass range between 70 and 110 GeV decaying into two photons are presented. The analysis uses the data set collected with the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions during the 2012 and 2016 LHC running periods. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 (35.9) fb at s=8 (13)TeV. The expected and observed 95% confidence level upper limits on the product of the cross section and branching fraction into two photons are presented. The observed upper limit for the 2012 (2016)data set ranges from 129 (161)fb to 31 (26)fb. The statistical combination of the results from the analyses of the two data sets in the common mass range between 80 and 110 GeV yields an upper limit on the product of the cross section and branching fraction, normalized to that for a standard model-like Higgs boson, ranging from 0.7 to 0.2, with two notable exceptions: one in the region around the Z boson peak, where the limit rises to 1.1, which may be due to the presence of Drell–Yan dielectron production where electrons could be misidentified as isolated photons, and a second due to an observed excess with respect to the standard model prediction, which is maximal for a mass hypothesis of 95.3 GeV with a local (global)significance of 2.8 (1.3)standard deviations.
Published: 2019

204. Search for dark matter produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to a pair of bottom quarks in proton–proton collisions at √s=13Te

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search for dark matter produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to a pair of bottom quarks is performed in proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13Te collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The analyzed data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb-1. The signal is characterized by a large missing transverse momentum recoiling against a bottom quark–antiquark system that has a large Lorentz boost. The number of events observed in the data is consistent with the standard model background prediction. Results are interpreted in terms of limits both on parameters of the type-2 two-Higgs doublet model extended by an additional light pseudoscalar boson a (2HDM+a) and on parameters of a baryonic Z simplified model. The 2HDM+a model is tested experimentally for the first time. For the baryonic Z model, the presented results constitute the most stringent constraints to date.
Published: 2019

205. Search for a W′ boson decaying to a vector-like quark and a top or bottom quark in the all-jets final state

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García-Ferrero, J., García Alonso, A., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García-Ferrero, J., García Alonso, A., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search for a heavy W′ resonance decaying to one B or T vector-like quark and a top or bottom quark, respectively, is presented. The search uses proton-proton collision data collected in 2016 with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb at s=13 TeV. Both decay channels result in a final state with a top quark, a Higgs boson, and a b quark, each produced with significant energy. The all-hadronic decays of both the Higgs boson and the top quark are considered. The final-state jets, some of which correspond to merged decay products of a boosted top quark and a Higgs boson, are selected using jet substructure techniques, which help to suppress standard model backgrounds. A W′ boson signal would appear as a narrow peak in the invariant mass distribution of these jets. No significant deviation in data with respect to the standard model background predictions is observed. Cross section upper limits on W′ boson production in the top quark, Higgs boson, and b quark decay mode are set as a function of the W′ mass, for several vector-like quark mass hypotheses. These are the first limits for W′ boson production in this decay channel, and cover a range of 0.01 to 0.43 pb in the W′ mass range between 1.5 and 4.0 TeV.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Published: 2019

206. Search for top quark partners with charge 5/3 in the same-sign dilepton and single-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search for the pair production of heavy fermionic partners of the top quark with charge 5/3 (X5/3 ) is performed in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The data sample analyzed corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1 . The X5/3 quark is assumed always to decay into a top quark and a W boson. Both the right-handed and left-handed X5/3 couplings to the W boson are considered. Final states with either a pair of same-sign leptons or a single lepton are studied. No significant excess of events is observed above the expected standard model background. Lower limits at 95% confidence level on the X5/3 quark mass are set at 1.33 and 1.30 TeV respectively for the case of right-handed and left-handed couplings to W bosons in a combination of the same-sign dilepton and single-lepton final states.
Published: 2019

207. Search for the production of four top quarks in the single-lepton and opposite-sign dilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, European Commission, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., Gómez, Gervasio, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Russo, L., Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vizán, J., European Research Council, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, European Commission, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., Gómez, Gervasio, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Russo, L., Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vizán, J.
Abstract: A search for the standard model production of four top quarks (pp → t t ¯ t t ¯) is reported using single-lepton plus jets and opposite-sign dilepton plus jets signatures. Proton-proton collisions are recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.8 fb. A multivariate analysis exploiting global event and jet properties is used to discriminate t t ¯ t t ¯ from t t ¯ production. No significant deviation is observed from the predicted background. An upper limit is set on the cross section for t t ¯ t t ¯ production in the standard model of 48 fb at 95% confidence level. When combined with a previous measurement by the CMS experiment from an analysis of other final states, the observed signal significance is 1.4 standard deviations, and the combined cross section measurement is 13−9+11 fb. The result is also interpreted in the framework of effective field theory.
Published: 2019

208. Search for dark matter in events with a leptoquark and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Russo, L., Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Russo, L., Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search is presented for dark matter in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV using events with at least one high transverse momentum (p) muon, at least one high-p jet, and large missing transverse momentum. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016 and 2017, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 fb. In the examined scenario, a pair of scalar leptoquarks is assumed to be produced. One leptoquark decays to a muon and a jet while the other decays to dark matter and low-p standard model particles. The signature for signal events would be significant missing transverse momentum from the dark matter in conjunction with a peak at the leptoquark mass in the invariant mass distribution of the highest p muon and jet. The data are observed to be consistent with the background predicted by the standard model. For the first benchmark scenario considered, dark matter masses up to 500 GeV are excluded for leptoquark masses m≈1400 GeV, and up to 300 GeV for m≈1500 GeV. For the second benchmark scenario, dark matter masses up to 600 GeV are excluded for m≈1400 GeV.
Published: 2019

209. Search for invisible decays of a Higgs boson produced through vector boson fusion in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search for invisible decays of a Higgs boson is performed using proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy s=13TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb. The search targets the production of a Higgs boson via vector boson fusion. The data are found to be in agreement with the background contributions from standard model processes. An observed (expected) upper limit of 0.33 (0.25), at 95% confidence level, is placed on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson decay to invisible particles, assuming standard model production rates and a Higgs boson mass of 125.09 GeV. Results from a combination of this analysis and other direct searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson, performed using data collected at s=7, 8, and 13 TeV, are presented. An observed (expected) upper limit of 0.19 (0.15), at 95% confidence level, is set on the branching fraction of invisible decays of the Higgs boson. The combined limit represents the most stringent bound on the invisible branching fraction of the Higgs boson reported to date. This result is also interpreted in the context of Higgs-portal dark matter models, in which upper bounds are placed on the spin-independent dark-matter-nucleon scattering cross section.
Published: 2019

210. Search for low-mass resonances decaying into bottom quark-antiquark pairs in proton-proton collisions at s =13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search for narrow, low-mass, scalar, and pseudoscalar resonances decaying to bottom quark-antiquark pairs is presented. The search is based on events recorded in s=13 TeV proton-proton collisions with the CMS detector at the LHC, collected in 2016, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb-1. The search selects events in which the resonance would be produced with high transverse momentum because of the presence of initial- or final-state radiation. In such events, the decay products of the resonance would be reconstructed as a single large-radius jet with high mass and two-prong substructure. A potential signal would be identified as a narrow excess in the jet invariant mass spectrum. No evidence for such a resonance is observed within the mass range from 50 to 350 GeV, and upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the product of the cross section and branching fraction to a bottom quark-antiquark pair. These constitute the first constraints from the LHC on exotic bottom quark-antiquark resonances with masses below 325 GeV.
Published: 2019

211. Search for long-lived particles using delayed photons in proton-proton collisions at s =13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., Gómez, Gervasio, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Russo, L., Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vizán, J., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., Gómez, Gervasio, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Russo, L., Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vizán, J.
Abstract: A search for long-lived particles decaying to photons and weakly interacting particles, using proton-proton collision data at s=13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment in 2016-2017 is presented. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 fb-1. Results are interpreted in the context of supersymmetry with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking, where the neutralino is long-lived and decays to a photon and a gravitino. Limits are presented as a function of the neutralino proper decay length and mass. For neutralino proper decay lengths of 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 m, masses up to 320, 525, 360, and 215 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, respectively. We extend the previous best limits in the neutralino proper decay length by up to one order of magnitude, and in the neutralino mass by up to 100 GeV.
Published: 2019

212. Search for dark photons in decays of Higgs bosons produced in association with Z bosons in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation, Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation, Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search is presented for a Higgs boson that is produced in association with a Z boson and that decays to an undetected particle together with an isolated photon. The search is performed by the CMS Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant excess of events above the expectation from the standard model background is found. The results are interpreted in the context of a theoretical model in which the undetected particle is a massless dark photon. An upper limit is set on the product of the cross section for associated Higgs and Z boson production and the branching fraction for such a Higgs boson decay, as a function of the Higgs boson mass. For a mass of 125 GeV, assuming the standard model production cross section, this corresponds to an observed (expected) upper limit on this branching fraction of 4.6 (3.6)% at 95% confidence level. These are the first limits on Higgs boson decays to final states that include an undetected massless dark photon. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Published: 2019

213. Search for dark matter produced in association with a single top quark or a top quark pair in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, European Science Foundation, Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism (Greece), Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search for dark matter produced in association with top quarks in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is presented. The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. Whereas previous searches for neutral scalar or pseudoscalar mediators considered dark matter production in association with a top quark pair only, this analysis also includes production modes with a single top quark. The results are derived from the combination of multiple selection categories that are defined to target either the single top quark or the top quark pair signature. No significant deviations with respect to the standard model predictions are observed. The results are interpreted in the context of a simplified model in which a scalar or pseudoscalar mediator particle couples to a top quark and subsequently decays into dark matter particles. Scalar and pseudoscalar mediator particles with masses below 290 and 300 GeV, respectively, are excluded at 95% confidence level, assuming a dark matter particle mass of 1 GeV and mediator couplings to fermions and dark matter particles equal to unity.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Published: 2019

214. Search for single production of vector-like quarks decaying to a top quark and a W boson in proton–proton collisions at √s=13TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search is presented for the single production of vector-like quarks in proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb-1, were recorded with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The analysis focuses on the vector-like quark decay into a top quark and a W boson, with one muon or electron in the final state. The mass of the vector-like quark candidate is reconstructed from hadronic jets, the lepton, and the missing transverse momentum. Methods for the identification of b quarks and of highly Lorentz boosted hadronically decaying top quarks and W bosons are exploited in this search. No significant deviation from the standard model background expectation is observed. Exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction as a function of the vector-like quark mass, which range from 0.3 to 0.03pb for vector-like quark masses of 700 to 2000GeV. Mass exclusion limits up to 1660GeV are obtained, depending on the vector-like quark type, coupling, and decay width. These represent the most stringent exclusion limits for the single production of vector-like quarks in this channel.
Published: 2019

215. Search for long-lived particles decaying into displaced jets in proton-proton collisions at s =13 TeV

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, Vilar Cortabitarte, R., European Research Council, European Commission, A. G. Leventis Foundation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Foundation for Polish Science, Qatar National Research Fund, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Chulalongkorn University, Welch Foundation, Weston Havens Foundation, Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Cabrillo, I. J., Calderon, Alicia, Chazin Quero, B., Duarte Campderros, J., Fernández-García, Marcos, Fernández Manteca, P. J., García Alonso, A., García-Ferrero, J., Gómez, Gervasio, López Virto, A., Marco, Jesús, Martínez-Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Matorras, Francisco, Piedra, Jonatan, Prieels, C., Rodrigo, Teresa, Ruiz Jimeno, Alberto, Scodellaro, Luca, Trevisani, N., Vila, Iván, and Vilar Cortabitarte, R.
Abstract: A search for long-lived particles decaying into jets is presented. Data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb-1. The search examines the distinctive topology of displaced tracks and secondary vertices. The selected events are found to be consistent with standard model predictions. For a simplified model in which long-lived neutral particles are pair produced and decay to two jets, pair production cross sections larger than 0.2 fb are excluded at 95% confidence level for a long-lived particle mass larger than 1000 GeV and proper decay lengths between 3 and 130 mm. Several supersymmetry models with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking or R-parity violation, where pair-produced long-lived gluinos or top squarks decay to several final-state topologies containing displaced jets, are also tested. For these models, in the mass ranges above 200 GeV, gluino masses up to 2300-2400 GeV and top squark masses up to 1350-1600 GeV are excluded for proper decay lengths approximately between 10 and 100 mm. These are the most restrictive limits to date on these models.
Published: 2019

216. Caspase-8 modulates physiological and pathological angiogenesis during retina development

Author: University of Heidelberg, Ministerio de Educación (Chile), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, German Research Foundation, National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), L.E.W. Carty Charitable Fund, Tisch, Nathalie, Freire-Valls, Aida, Yerbes, Rosario, Paredes, Isadora, La Porta, Silvia, Wang, Xiaohong, Martín-Pérez, Rosa, Castro, Laura, Wong, Wendy Wei-Lynn, Coultas, Leigh, Strilic, Boris, Gröne, Hermann-Josef, Hielscher, Thomas, Mogler, Carolin, Adams, Ralf H., Heiduschka, Peter, Claesson-Welsh, Lena, Mazzone, Massimiliano, López-Rivas, Abelardo, Schmidt, Thomas, Augustin, Hellmut G., Ruiz de Almodóvar, Carmen, University of Heidelberg, Ministerio de Educación (Chile), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, German Research Foundation, National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), L.E.W. Carty Charitable Fund, Tisch, Nathalie, Freire-Valls, Aida, Yerbes, Rosario, Paredes, Isadora, La Porta, Silvia, Wang, Xiaohong, Martín-Pérez, Rosa, Castro, Laura, Wong, Wendy Wei-Lynn, Coultas, Leigh, Strilic, Boris, Gröne, Hermann-Josef, Hielscher, Thomas, Mogler, Carolin, Adams, Ralf H., Heiduschka, Peter, Claesson-Welsh, Lena, Mazzone, Massimiliano, López-Rivas, Abelardo, Schmidt, Thomas, Augustin, Hellmut G., and Ruiz de Almodóvar, Carmen
Abstract: During developmental angiogenesis, blood vessels grow and remodel to ultimately build a hierarchical vascular network. Whether, how, cell death signaling molecules contribute to blood vessel formation is still not well understood. Caspase-8 (Casp-8), a key protease in the extrinsic cell death-signaling pathway, regulates cell death via both apoptosis and necroptosis. Here, we show that expression of Casp-8 in endothelial cells (ECs) is required for proper postnatal retina angiogenesis. EC-specific Casp-8-KO pups (Casp-8) showed reduced retina angiogenesis, as the loss of Casp-8 reduced EC proliferation, sprouting, and migration independently of its cell death function. Instead, the loss of Casp-8 caused hyperactivation of p38 MAPK downstream of receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and destabilization of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) at EC junctions. In a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) resembling retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), loss of Casp-8 in ECs was beneficial, as pathological neovascularization was reduced in Casp-8 pups. Taking these data together, we show that Casp-8 acts in a cell death-independent manner in ECs to regulate the formation of the retina vasculature and that Casp-8 in ECs is mechanistically involved in the pathophysiology of ROP.
Published: 2019

217. Coordinated responses of mitochondrial antioxidative enzymes, respiratory pathways and metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana thioredoxin trxo1 mutants under salinity

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Sánchez-Guerrero, Antonio, Fernández Del-Saz, Néstor, Florez-Sarasa, Igor, Ribas-Carbó, Miquel, Fernie, Alisdair R., Jiménez Hurtado, Ana María, Sevilla Valenzuela, Francisca G., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Sánchez-Guerrero, Antonio, Fernández Del-Saz, Néstor, Florez-Sarasa, Igor, Ribas-Carbó, Miquel, Fernie, Alisdair R., Jiménez Hurtado, Ana María, and Sevilla Valenzuela, Francisca G.
Abstract: Plant cells suffer alterations of their redox state and increase mitochondrial ROS generation during salinity. To avoid this, they activate several mitochondrial antioxidant and redox systems including the alternative oxidase (AOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the ascorbate-glutathione (ASC-GSH) cycle components in a coordinated manner. The redox-sensitive mitochondrial thioredoxin (Trx) system may be responsible for this coordination through the redox regulation of target proteins. On top of this, metabolic perturbations induced by salinity may lead to alterations of the redox state of the Trx system. In order to explore the association between redox and metabolic changes occurring in mitochondria under saline conditions, we analyzed the salt-stress responses of mitochondrial antioxidant systems and metabolism in wild type (WT) and two knock-out (KO) AtTrxo1 lines. The activities of Mn-SOD and components of the ASC-GSH cycle were determined in isolated mitochondria, together with an evaluation of the AOX redox state, the oxidative stress, and catalase activity. Moreover, the in vivo activities of cytochrome (COX) and alternative mitochondrial respiratory pathways and primary metabolites profile were determined. Our results show that the lack of Trxo1 neither resulted in oxidative stress at the mitochondrial level nor in an upregulation of the antioxidant enzymes under salinity, although glutathione reductase (GR) maintained its high constitutive level as observed in control conditions. Moreover, the AOX was found invariably in its reduced monomeric state and displayed a reduction of its in vivo activity in all genotypes after the salt treatment, probably due to the mild severity of the treatment. Interestingly, trxo1 mutants displayed altered patterns in AOX isoforms and in the activities of the ASC-GSH cycle components and the electron partitioning to the AOX pathway indicating a reorganization of the different antioxidant systems. Furthermore, decreases on glu
Published: 2019

218. The lack of mitochondrial thioredoxin TRXo1 affects in vivo alternative oxidase activity and carbon metabolism under different light conditions

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Florez-Sarasa, Igor, Obata, Toshihiro, Fernández Del-Saz, Néstor, Reichheld, Jean-Philippe, Meyer, Etienne H., Rodriguez-Concepcion, Manuel, Ribas-Carbó, Miquel, Fernie, Alisdair R., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Florez-Sarasa, Igor, Obata, Toshihiro, Fernández Del-Saz, Néstor, Reichheld, Jean-Philippe, Meyer, Etienne H., Rodriguez-Concepcion, Manuel, Ribas-Carbó, Miquel, and Fernie, Alisdair R.
Abstract: The alternative oxidase (AOX) constitutes a nonphosphorylating pathway of electron transport in the mitochondrial respiratory chain that provides flexibility to energy and carbon primary metabolism. Its activity is regulated in vitro by the mitochondrial thioredoxin (TRX) system which reduces conserved cysteines residues of AOX. However, in vivo evidence for redox regulation of the AOX activity is still scarce. In the present study, the redox state, protein levels and in vivo activity of the AOX in parallel to photosynthetic parameters were determined in Arabidopsis knockout mutants lacking mitochondrial trxo1 under moderate (ML) and high light (HL) conditions, known to induce in vivo AOX activity. In addition, 13C- and 14C-labeling experiments together with metabolite profiling were performed to better understand the metabolic coordination between energy and carbon metabolism in the trxo1 mutants. Our results show that the in vivo AOX activity is higher in the trxo1 mutants at ML while the AOX redox state is apparently unaltered. These results suggest that mitochondrial thiol redox systems are responsible for maintaining AOX in its reduced form rather than regulating its activity in vivo. Moreover, the negative regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle by the TRX system is coordinated with the increased input of electrons into the AOX pathway. Under HL conditions, while AOX and photosynthesis displayed similar patterns in the mutants, photorespiration is restricted at the level of glycine decarboxylation most likely as a consequence of redox imbalance.
Published: 2019

219. Quantum metrology with one-dimensional superradiant photonic states

Author: Nanosystems Initiative Munich, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, European Commission, Paulisch, V., Perarnau-Llobet, M., González-Tudela, A., Cirac, J. Ignacio, Nanosystems Initiative Munich, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, European Commission, Paulisch, V., Perarnau-Llobet, M., González-Tudela, A., and Cirac, J. Ignacio
Abstract: Photonic states with large and fixed photon numbers, such as Fock states, enable quantum-enhanced metrology but remain an experimentally elusive resource. A potentially simple, deterministic, and scalable way to generate these states consists of fully exciting N quantum emitters equally coupled to a common photonic reservoir, which leads to a collective decay known as Dicke superradiance. The emitted N-photon state turns out to be a highly entangled multimode state, and to characterize its metrological properties in this work we (i) develop theoretical tools to compute the quantum Fisher information of general multimode photonic states, (ii) use it to show that Dicke superradiant photons in one-dimensional waveguides achieve Heisenberg scaling, which can be saturated by a parity measurement, and (iii) study the robustness of these states to experimental limitations in state-of-the-art atom-waveguide QED setups.
Published: 2019

220. Prominence of Pairing in Inclusive (p,2p) and (p,pn) Cross Sections from Neutron-Rich Nuclei

Author: RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, European Commission, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, German Research Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Xunta de Galicia, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Paul, N., Obertelli, A., Bertulani, C. A., Corsi, A., Doornenbal, P., Rodriguez-Sanchez, J. L., Authelet, G., Baba, H., Calvet, D., Château, F., Chen, S., Delbart, A., Gheller, J.M., Giganon, A., Gillibert, A., Isobe, T., Lapoux, V., Matsushita, M., Momiyama, S., Motobayashi, T., Niikura, M., Otsu, H., Péron, C., Peyaud, A., Pollacco, E.C., Roussé, J. Y., Sakurai, H., Santamaria, C., Sasano, M., Shiga, Y., Steppenbeck, D., Takeuchi, S., Taniuchi, R., Uesaka, T., Wang, H., Yoneda, K., Ando, T., Arici, T., Blazhev, A., Browne, F., Bruce, A.M., Carroll, R., Chung, L.X., Cortés, M.L., Dewald, M., Ding, B., Dombrádi, Zs., Flavigny, F., Franchoo, S., Jungclaus, Andrea, Vaquero, Victor, RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, European Commission, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, German Research Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Xunta de Galicia, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Paul, N., Obertelli, A., Bertulani, C. A., Corsi, A., Doornenbal, P., Rodriguez-Sanchez, J. L., Authelet, G., Baba, H., Calvet, D., Château, F., Chen, S., Delbart, A., Gheller, J.M., Giganon, A., Gillibert, A., Isobe, T., Lapoux, V., Matsushita, M., Momiyama, S., Motobayashi, T., Niikura, M., Otsu, H., Péron, C., Peyaud, A., Pollacco, E.C., Roussé, J. Y., Sakurai, H., Santamaria, C., Sasano, M., Shiga, Y., Steppenbeck, D., Takeuchi, S., Taniuchi, R., Uesaka, T., Wang, H., Yoneda, K., Ando, T., Arici, T., Blazhev, A., Browne, F., Bruce, A.M., Carroll, R., Chung, L.X., Cortés, M.L., Dewald, M., Ding, B., Dombrádi, Zs., Flavigny, F., Franchoo, S., Jungclaus, Andrea, and Vaquero, Victor
Abstract: Fifty-five inclusive single nucleon-removal cross sections from medium mass neutron-rich nuclei impinging on a hydrogen target at ∼250 MeV/nucleon are measured at the RIKEN Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. Systematically higher cross sections are found for proton removal from nuclei with an even number of protons as compared to odd-proton number projectiles for a given neutron separation energy. Neutron removal cross sections display no even-odd splitting, contrary to nuclear cascade model predictions. Both effects are understood through simple considerations of neutron separation energies and bound state level densities originating in pairing correlations in the daughter nuclei. These conclusions are supported by comparison with semimicroscopic model predictions, highlighting the enhanced role of low-lying level densities in nucleon-removal cross sections from loosely bound nuclei.
Published: 2019

221. Direct imaging of the induced-fit effect in molecular self-assembly

Author: German Research Foundation, Freie Universität Berlin, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Yang, Zechao [0000-0002-3429-6167], Yang, Zechao, Lotze, Christian, Corso, Martina, Baum, Sebastian, Franke, K. J., Pascual, José I., German Research Foundation, Freie Universität Berlin, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Yang, Zechao [0000-0002-3429-6167], Yang, Zechao, Lotze, Christian, Corso, Martina, Baum, Sebastian, Franke, K. J., and Pascual, José I.
Abstract: Molecular recognition is a crucial driving force for molecular self‐assembly. In many cases molecules arrange in the lowest energy configuration following a lock‐and‐key principle. When molecular flexibility comes into play, the induced‐fit effect may govern the self‐assembly. Here, the self‐assembly of dicyanovinyl‐hexathiophene (DCV6T) molecules, a prototype specie for highly efficient organic solar cells, on Au(111) by using low‐temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy is investigated. DCV6T molecules assemble on the surface forming either islands or chains. In the islands the molecules are straight—the lowest energy configuration in gas phase—and expose the dicyano moieties to form hydrogen bonds with neighbor molecules. In contrast, the structure of DCV6T molecules in the chain assemblies deviates significantly from their gas‐phase analogues. The seemingly energetically unfavorable bent geometry is enforced by hydrogen‐bonding intermolecular interactions. Density functional theory calculations of molecular dimers quantitatively demonstrate that the deformation of individual molecules optimizes the intermolecular bonding structure. The intermolecular bonding energy thus drives the chain structure formation, which is an expression of the induced‐fit effect.
Published: 2019

222. Dataset on the diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes in cultivated olive trees in southern Spain

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Wiegand, Thosten, Castillo, Pablo, Navas Cortés, Juan Antonio, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Wiegand, Thosten, Castillo, Pablo, and Navas Cortés, Juan Antonio
Abstract: Datasets presented here were employed in the main work “Spatial structure and soil properties shape local community structure of plant-parasitic nematodes in cultivated olive trees in southern Spain” Archidona-Yuste et al., 2020. In this research, we aimed to unravel the diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) associated with cultivated olive (Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. europaea) in southern Spain, Andalusia. The olive growing area of Andalusia is of high agriculture and socio-economic importance with an extensive distribution of this crop. To this end, we conducted a systematic survey comprising 376 commercial olive orchards covering the diversity of cropping systems applied. Data showed 128 species of PPN belonging to 38 genera and to 13 families. In addition, an extensive data set regarding to potential factors in structuring the community patterns of PPN found in the 376 commercial olive orchards sampled is provided. Three variables data set were compiled including above-ground environment, soil and agronomic management. Overall, 48 explanatory variables were selected as determinist processes on shaping the diversity of PPN. Finally, data also showed the values regarding to the partition of beta diversity into contributions of single sites to overall beta diversity (LCBD) and intro contributions of individual species to overall beta diversity (SCBD). Data may serve as benchmarks for other groups working in the field of PPN diversity associated with crops and of belowground communities and ecosystems.
Published: 2019

223. The new FAST module: A portable and transparent add-on module for time-resolved investigations with commercial scanning probe microscopes

Author: European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), German Research Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Dri, Carlo, Panighel, Mirko, Tiemann, Daniel, Patera, Laerte L., Troiano, Giulia, Fukamori, Yves, Knoller, Fabian, Lechner, Barbara A.J., Cautero, Giuseppe, Giuressi, Dario, Comelli, Giovanni, Fraxedas, J., Africh, Cristina, Esch, Friedrich, European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), German Research Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Dri, Carlo, Panighel, Mirko, Tiemann, Daniel, Patera, Laerte L., Troiano, Giulia, Fukamori, Yves, Knoller, Fabian, Lechner, Barbara A.J., Cautero, Giuseppe, Giuressi, Dario, Comelli, Giovanni, Fraxedas, J., Africh, Cristina, and Esch, Friedrich
Abstract: Time resolution is one of the most severe limitations of scanning probe microscopies (SPMs), since the typical image acquisition times are in the order of several seconds or even few minutes. As a consequence, the characterization of dynamical processes occurring at surfaces (e.g. surface diffusion, film growth, self-assembly and chemical reactions) cannot be thoroughly addressed by conventional SPMs. To overcome this limitation, several years ago we developed a first prototype of the FAST module, an add-on instrument capable of driving a commercial scanning tunneling microscope (STM) at and beyond video rate frequencies. Here we report on a fully redesigned version of the FAST module, featuring improved performance and user experience, which can be used both with STMs and atomic force microscopes (AFMs), and offers additional capabilities such as an atom tracking mode. All the new features of the FAST module, including portability between different commercial instruments, are described in detail and practically demonstrated.
Published: 2019

224. Metal–organic framework (MOF) derived electrodes with robust and fast lithium storage for Li‐Ion hybrid capacitors

Author: University of Queensland, Australian Research Council, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Dubal, Deepak P., Jayaramulu, Kolleboyina, Sunil, Janaky, Kment, Štěpán, Gómez-Romero, P., Narayana, Chandrabhas, Zboril, Radek, Fischer, Roland A., University of Queensland, Australian Research Council, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Dubal, Deepak P., Jayaramulu, Kolleboyina, Sunil, Janaky, Kment, Štěpán, Gómez-Romero, P., Narayana, Chandrabhas, Zboril, Radek, and Fischer, Roland A.
Abstract: Hybrid metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) demonstrate great promise as ideal electrode materials for energy‐related applications. Herein, a well‐organized interleaved composite of graphene‐like nanosheets embedded with MnO2 nanoparticles (MnO2@C‐NS) using a manganese‐based MOF and employed as a promising anode material for Li‐ion hybrid capacitor (LIHC) is engineered. This unique hybrid architecture shows intriguing electrochemical properties including high reversible specific capacity 1054 mAh g−1 (close to the theoretical capacity of MnO2, 1232 mAh g−1) at 0.1 A g−1 with remarkable rate capability and cyclic stability (90% over 1000 cycles). Such a remarkable performance may be assigned to the hierarchical porous ultrathin carbon nanosheets and tightly attached MnO2 nanoparticles, which provide structural stability and low contact resistance during repetitive lithiation/delithiation processes. Moreover, a novel LIHC is assembled using a MnO2@C‐NS anode and MOF derived ultrathin nanoporous carbon nanosheets (derived from other potassium‐based MOFs) cathode materials. The LIHC full‐cell delivers an ultrahigh specific energy of 166 Wh kg−1 at 550 W kg−1 and maintained to 49.2 Wh kg−1 even at high specific power of 3.5 kW kg−1 as well as long cycling stability (91% over 5000 cycles). This work opens new opportunities for designing advanced MOF derived electrodes for next‐generation energy storage devices.
Published: 2019

225. Four GRB supernovae at redshifts between 0.4 and 0.8. The bursts GRB 071112C, 111228A, 120714B, and 130831A

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), European Commission, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Thuringian Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, German Research Foundation, Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg Karl Schwarzschild-Observatorium, Klose, S., Schmidl, S., Kann, D.A., Nicuesa Guelbenzu, A., Schulze, S., Greiner, J., Olivares E., F., Krühler, T., Schady, P., Afonso, P.M.J., Filgas, R., Fynbo, J. P. U., Rau, A., Rossi, A., Takats, K., Tanga, M., Updike, A. C., Varela, K., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), European Commission, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Thuringian Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, German Research Foundation, Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg Karl Schwarzschild-Observatorium, Klose, S., Schmidl, S., Kann, D.A., Nicuesa Guelbenzu, A., Schulze, S., Greiner, J., Olivares E., F., Krühler, T., Schady, P., Afonso, P.M.J., Filgas, R., Fynbo, J. P. U., Rau, A., Rossi, A., Takats, K., Tanga, M., Updike, A. C., and Varela, K.
Abstract: Twenty years ago, GRB 980425/SN 1998bw revealed that long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are physically associated with broad-lined type-Ic supernovae (SNe). Since then more than 1000 long GRBs have been localized to high angular precision, but only in ~50 cases has the underlying SN component been identified. Using the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical Near-Infrared Detector (GROND) multi-channel imager at ESO/La Silla, during the last ten years we have devoted a substantial amount of observing time to reveal and study SN components in long-GRB afterglows. Here we report on four more GRB SNe (associated with GRBs 071112C, 111228A, 120714B, and 130831A) which were discovered and/or followed-up with GROND and whose redshifts lie between z¿=¿0.4 and 0.8. We study their afterglow light curves, follow the associated SN bumps over several weeks, and characterize their host galaxies. Using SN 1998bw as a template, the derived SN explosion parameters are fully consistent with the corresponding properties of the currently known GRB-SN ensemble, with no evidence for an evolution of their properties as a function of redshift. In two cases (GRB 120714B/SN 2012eb at z¿=¿0.398 and GRB 130831A/SN 2013fu at z¿=¿0.479) additional Very Large Telescope (VLT) spectroscopy of the associated SNe revealed a photospheric expansion velocity at maximum light of about 40 000 and 20 000 km s¿1, respectively. For GRB 120714B, which was an intermediate-luminosity burst, we find additional evidence for a black-body component in the light of the optical transient at early times, similar to what has been detected in some GRB SNe at lower redshifts.© ESO 2019.
Published: 2019

226. A guide to methods for estimating phago-mixotrophy in nanophytoplankton

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Beisner, Beatrix E., Grossart, Hans-Peter, Gasol, Josep M., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Beisner, Beatrix E., Grossart, Hans-Peter, and Gasol, Josep M.
Abstract: Growing attention to phytoplankton mixotrophy as a trophic strategy has led to significant revisions of traditional pelagic food web models and ecosystem functioning. Although some empirical estimates of mixotrophy do exist, a much broader set of in situ measurements are required to (i) identify which organisms are acting as mixotrophs in real time and to (ii) assess the contribution of their heterotrophy to biogeochemical cycling. Estimates are needed through time and across space to evaluate which environmental conditions or habitats favour mixotrophy: conditions still largely unknown. We review methodologies currently available to plankton ecologists to undertake estimates of plankton mixotrophy, in particular nanophytoplankton phago-mixotrophy. Methods are based largely on fluorescent or isotopic tracers, but also take advantage of genomics to identify phylotypes and function. We also suggest novel methods on the cusp of use for phago-mixotrophy assessment, including single-cell measurements improving our capacity to estimate mixotrophic activity and rates in wild plankton communities down to the single-cell level. Future methods will benefit from advances in nanotechnology, micromanipulation and microscopy combined with stable isotope and genomic methodologies. Improved estimates of mixotrophy will enable more reliable models to predict changes in food web structure and biogeochemical flows in a rapidly changing world.
Published: 2019

227. ‘Trapping and binding’: A review of the factors controlling the development of fossil agglutinated microbialites and their distribution in space and time

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Suárez-González, Pablo, Benito, M. Isabel, Quijada, I. E., Mas, José Ramón, Campos-Soto, Sonia, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Suárez-González, Pablo, Benito, M. Isabel, Quijada, I. E., Mas, José Ramón, and Campos-Soto, Sonia
Abstract: Trapping and binding of allochthonous grains by benthic microbial communities has been considered a fundamental process of microbialite accretion since its discovery in popular shallow-marine modern examples (Bahamas and Shark Bay). However, agglutinated textures are rare in fossil microbialites and, thus, the role of trapping and binding has been debated in the last four decades. Recently, renewed attention on this subject has produced new findings of fossil agglutinated microbialites (those mainly formed by ‘trapping and binding’ and analogous to modern examples), but they are still few and geologically recent (mainly post-Paleozoic) when compared to the 3.5 Gyr long record of microbialites. In order to better understand this discrepancy between modern and fossil examples, an extensive literature review is presented here, providing the first thorough database of agglutinated microbialites, which shows that all of them are formed in shallow-marine environments and most under tidal influence. In addition, a Lower Cretaceous example is described, including very diverse microbialites, each of them formed in a particular paleoenvironment. Some of these microbialites developed in grainy settings, but only those formed in marginal-marine tide-influenced environments accreted mainly by trapping and binding the surrounding grains, being analogous of modern agglutinated microbialites, and matching the environmental pattern observed in the literature database. The combination of the literature review with the case study allows to discuss the factors that control and enhance ‘trapping and binding’: a) occurrence of grains in the microbialite environment; b) frequent currents that mobilize the grains and supply them onto the microbialite surface; c) high concentration and diversity of electrolytes in the water to increase the adhesiveness of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of the microbialite surface; and d) a CaCO3 saturation state not high enough to promote earl
Published: 2019

228. Energy alignment and recombination in perovskite solar cells: weighted influence on the open circuit voltage

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Research Council, Comunidad de Madrid, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Gelmetti, Ilario, Montcada, Núria F., Pérez Rodríguez, Ana, Barrena, Esther, Ocal, Carmen, García Benito, Inés, Molina Ontoria, Agustín, Martín, Nazario, Vidal Ferran, Anton, Palomares, Emilio, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Research Council, Comunidad de Madrid, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Gelmetti, Ilario, Montcada, Núria F., Pérez Rodríguez, Ana, Barrena, Esther, Ocal, Carmen, García Benito, Inés, Molina Ontoria, Agustín, Martín, Nazario, Vidal Ferran, Anton, and Palomares, Emilio
Abstract: In this work, we assess the possible reasons for the differences observed in open circuit voltage (VOC) in mixed cation perovskite solar cells when comparing four different hole transport materials (HTMs), namely TAE‐1, TAE‐3, TAE‐4 and spiro‐OMeTAD. All these HTMs present close chemical and physical properties. Additionally to the evaluation of the HTM influence on recombination, we find that, upon deposition of the organic HTM on top of the perovskite, there is an important change in the energy levels position, and the impact on the device VOC is discussed. We consider that this experimental observation could be general for other organic HTMs and would justify the difficulties for finding molecules and materials that could improve the efficiency of perovskite solar cells overcoming the solar‐to‐energy conversion efficiency of solar cells made using spiro‐OMeTAD as holes selective contact.
Published: 2019

229. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring

Author: Academy of Finland, European Commission, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, China Scholarship Council, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), European Research Council, Generalitat Valenciana, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japanese Government, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Max Planck Society, Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), National Science Foundation (US), National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Research Foundation of Korea, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Russian Science Foundation, National Research Foundation (South Africa), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Alberdi, Antxón [0000-0002-9371-1033], Gómez Fernández, J. L. [0000-0003-4190-7613], The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration, Alberdi, Antxón, Gómez, José L., Academy of Finland, European Commission, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, China Scholarship Council, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), European Research Council, Generalitat Valenciana, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japanese Government, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Max Planck Society, Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), National Science Foundation (US), National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Research Foundation of Korea, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Russian Science Foundation, National Research Foundation (South Africa), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Alberdi, Antxón [0000-0002-9371-1033], Gómez Fernández, J. L. [0000-0003-4190-7613], The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration, Alberdi, Antxón, and Gómez, José L.
Abstract: The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has mapped the central compact radio source of the elliptical galaxy M87 at 1.3 mm with unprecedented angular resolution. Here we consider the physical implications of the asymmetric ring seen in the 2017 EHT data. To this end, we construct a large library of models based on general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations and synthetic images produced by general relativistic ray tracing. We compare the observed visibilities with this library and confirm that the asymmetric ring is consistent with earlier predictions of strong gravitational lensing of synchrotron emission from a hot plasma orbiting near the black hole event horizon. The ring radius and ring asymmetry depend on black hole mass and spin, respectively, and both are therefore expected to be stable when observed in future EHT campaigns. Overall, the observed image is consistent with expectations for the shadow of a spinning Kerr black hole as predicted by general relativity. If the black hole spin and M87's large scale jet are aligned, then the black hole spin vector is pointed away from Earth. Models in our library of non-spinning black holes are inconsistent with the observations as they do not produce sufficiently powerful jets. At the same time, in those models that produce a sufficiently powerful jet, the latter is powered by extraction of black hole spin energy through mechanisms akin to the Blandford-Znajek process. We briefly consider alternatives to a black hole for the central compact object. Analysis of existing EHT polarization data and data taken simultaneously at other wavelengths will soon enable new tests of the GRMHD models, as will future EHT campaigns at 230 and 345 GHz.© 2019. The American Astronomical Society.
Published: 2019

230. Der lange Schatten von Carl Schmitt. Der »Kronjurist des Dritten Reiches«, gelesen von Jürgen Habermas

Author: Decisionism, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Velasco Arroyo, Juan Carlos [0000-0002-5346-4429], Velasco Arroyo, Juan Carlos, Decisionism, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Velasco Arroyo, Juan Carlos [0000-0002-5346-4429], and Velasco Arroyo, Juan Carlos
Abstract: [EN] While initially criticism of liberal democracy was the aspect of Carl Schmitt’s work which received attention, since the end of the Cold War interest has shifted towards his philosophy of international relations. Throughout this article it is shown that to a large extent Jürgen Habermas’ attentive reading of certain Schmitt texts follows in these steps. Rather than naively using Schmitt’s categories, Habermas practices a critical appropriation of his explanatory potential. Nevertheless, he manifests enormous reservations regarding the elongated shadow cast by his ideas and, in particular, by his concept of the political which is so prevalent today in alternative political circles., [DE] Die Rezeptionsgeschichte des Werks von Carl Schmitt lässt sich grob in zwei Etappen gliedern. Während zunächst seine Kritik an der liberalen Demokratie im Zentrum des Interesses stand, verlagerte sich der Fokus nach dem Ende des Kalten Krieges auf seine Philosophie der internationalen Beziehungen. In diesem Artikel wird gezeigt, dass auch Jürgen Habermas’ aufmerksame Lektüre von Schmitts Texten diesen Schritten weitgehend folgt. Statt einer naiven Verwendung und Übernahme Schmitt’scher Kategorien findet sich bei Habermas allerdings eine kritische Aneignung ihres explikativen Potenzials. Darüber hinaus zeigt er große Vorbehalte gegenüber zentralen Ideen des sogenannten »Kronjuristen des Dritten Reiches«. Dies betrifft insbesondere das in alternativen politischen Kreisen bis heute weit verbreitete Konzept des »Politischen«.
Published: 2019

231. Design–functionality relationships for adhesion/ growth-regulatory galectins

Author: University of Pennsylvania, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, National Cancer Institute (US), Science Foundation Ireland, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ludwig, Anna-Kristin [0000-0002-0935-9410], Michalak, Malwina [0000-0001-8998-2175], Xiao, Qi [0000-0002-6470-0407], Medrano, Francisco Javier [0000-0002-8185-9751], Rahimi, Khosrow [0000-0002-1865-0808], Rodríguez Emmenegger, César [0000-0003-0745-0840], Kaltner, Herbert [0000-0003-4680-8411], Cudic, Mare [0000-0002-7657-0400], Kopitz, Jürgen [0000-0003-3640-8182], Romero, Antonio [0000-0002-6990-6973], Oscarson, Stefan [0000-0002-8273-4918], Gabius, Hans-Joachim [0000-0003-3467-3900], Ludwig, Anna-Kristin, Michalak, Malwina, Xiao, Qi, Gilles, Ulrich, Medrano, Francisco Javier, Ma, Hanyue, FitzGerald, Forrest G., Hasley, William D., Melendez-Davila, Adriel, Liu, Matthew, Rahimi, Khosrow, Kostina, Nina Yu, Rodríguez Emmenegger, César, Möller, Martin, Lindner, Ingo, Kaltner, Herbert, Cudic, Mare, Reusch, Dietmar, Kopitz, Jürgen, Romero, Antonio, Oscarson, Stefan, Klein, Michael L., Gabius, Hans-Joachim, Percec, V., University of Pennsylvania, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, National Cancer Institute (US), Science Foundation Ireland, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ludwig, Anna-Kristin [0000-0002-0935-9410], Michalak, Malwina [0000-0001-8998-2175], Xiao, Qi [0000-0002-6470-0407], Medrano, Francisco Javier [0000-0002-8185-9751], Rahimi, Khosrow [0000-0002-1865-0808], Rodríguez Emmenegger, César [0000-0003-0745-0840], Kaltner, Herbert [0000-0003-4680-8411], Cudic, Mare [0000-0002-7657-0400], Kopitz, Jürgen [0000-0003-3640-8182], Romero, Antonio [0000-0002-6990-6973], Oscarson, Stefan [0000-0002-8273-4918], Gabius, Hans-Joachim [0000-0003-3467-3900], Ludwig, Anna-Kristin, Michalak, Malwina, Xiao, Qi, Gilles, Ulrich, Medrano, Francisco Javier, Ma, Hanyue, FitzGerald, Forrest G., Hasley, William D., Melendez-Davila, Adriel, Liu, Matthew, Rahimi, Khosrow, Kostina, Nina Yu, Rodríguez Emmenegger, César, Möller, Martin, Lindner, Ingo, Kaltner, Herbert, Cudic, Mare, Reusch, Dietmar, Kopitz, Jürgen, Romero, Antonio, Oscarson, Stefan, Klein, Michael L., Gabius, Hans-Joachim, and Percec, V.
Abstract: Glycan-lectin recognition is assumed to elicit its broad range of (patho)physiological functions via a combination of specific contact formation with generation of complexes of distinct signal-triggering topology on biomembranes. Faced with the challenge to understand why evolution has led to three particular modes of modular architecture for adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins in vertebrates, here we introduce protein engineering to enable design switches. The impact of changes is measured in assays on cell growth and on bridging fully synthetic nanovesicles (glycodendrimersomes) with a chemically programmable surface. Using the example of homodimeric galectin-1 and monomeric galectin-3, the mutual design conversion caused qualitative differences, i.e., from bridging effector to antagonist/from antagonist to growth inhibitor and vice versa. In addition to attaining proof-of-principle evidence for the hypothesis that chimera-type galectin-3 design makes functional antagonism possible, we underscore the value of versatile surface programming with a derivative of the pan-galectin ligand lactose. Aggregation assays with N,N′-diacetyllactosamine establishing a parasite-like surface signature revealed marked selectivity among the family of galectins and bridging potency of homodimers. These findings provide fundamental insights into design-functionality relationships of galectins. Moreover, our strategy generates the tools to identify biofunctional lattice formation on biomembranes and galectin-reagents with therapeutic potential. © 2019 National Academy of Sciences.
Published: 2019

232. Personality, plasticity and predictability in sticklebacks: bold fish are less plastic and more predictable than shy fish

Author: Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, University of Konstanz, Institute for Advanced Study (Germany), Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour (UK), Royal Society (UK), Norwegian Research Council, German Research Foundation, Jolles, Jolle W., Briggs, Helen D., Araya-Ajoy, Yimen G., Boogert, Neeltje J., Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, University of Konstanz, Institute for Advanced Study (Germany), Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour (UK), Royal Society (UK), Norwegian Research Council, German Research Foundation, Jolles, Jolle W., Briggs, Helen D., Araya-Ajoy, Yimen G., and Boogert, Neeltje J.
Abstract: It is well established that animals often differ consistently from one another in their behaviour. Most work has focused on consistent differences in average behaviour, generally referred to as ‘animal personality’. However, individuals may also differ consistently from one another in how they change their behaviour over time or across environments, that is, plasticity, as well as in the predictability of their behaviour. How these three sources of behavioural variation are linked is rarely explored. Here we tested 80 wild-caught three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, repeatedly over a 10-week period for their tendency to explore an open arena from the safety of cover, generally termed ‘boldness’. Using a mixed-modelling approach, we detected consistent individual differences in boldness, as well as in the extent to which fish changed this behaviour over time, that is, temporal plasticity. Boldness and plasticity were negatively correlated, with shy fish spending increasing amounts of time out of cover while bold fish changed little over time. After accounting for variation in personality and plasticity, we still detected individual differences in intraindividual behavioural variation (‘IIV’), that is, individual predictability. This residual variation was linked to fish’ boldness score, with shy fish having higher IIV and thus being less predictable in their behaviour than bold fish. After a 4-week break from testing, individuals on average decreased their time out of cover again to baseline levels. However, shyer, more plastic fish showed the largest changes in behaviour. Statistical simulations show that our experimental data set has sufficient statistical power to provide accurate and precise variance parameter estimates. Together, our results provide strong evidence that individual variation in boldness is linked with behavioural plasticity and predictability. Establishing the evolutionary causes as well as fitness consequences of these links in beh
Published: 2019

233. Sun-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence II: Review of Passive Measurement Setups, Protocols, and Their Application at the Leaf to Canopy Level

Author: European Research Council, Generalitat Valenciana, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Australian Research Council, University of Edinburgh, University of Zurich, European Space Agency, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (Germany), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Pacheco-Labrador, Javier [0000-0003-3401-7081], Aasen, Helge, Van Wittenberghe, Shari, Sabater Medina, Neus, Damm, Alexander, Goulas, Yves, Wieneke, Sebastian, Hueni, Andreas, Malenovský, Zbynek, Alonso, Luis, Pacheco-Labrador, Javier, Cendrero-Mateo, M. Pilar, Tomelleri, Enrico, Burkart, Andreas, Cogliati, Sergio, Rascher, Uwe, Mac Arthur, Alasdair, European Research Council, Generalitat Valenciana, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Australian Research Council, University of Edinburgh, University of Zurich, European Space Agency, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (Germany), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Pacheco-Labrador, Javier [0000-0003-3401-7081], Aasen, Helge, Van Wittenberghe, Shari, Sabater Medina, Neus, Damm, Alexander, Goulas, Yves, Wieneke, Sebastian, Hueni, Andreas, Malenovský, Zbynek, Alonso, Luis, Pacheco-Labrador, Javier, Cendrero-Mateo, M. Pilar, Tomelleri, Enrico, Burkart, Andreas, Cogliati, Sergio, Rascher, Uwe, and Mac Arthur, Alasdair
Abstract: Imaging and non-imaging spectroscopy employed in the field and from aircraft is frequently used to assess biochemical, structural, and functional plant traits, as well as their dynamics in an environmental matrix. With the increasing availability of high-resolution spectroradiometers, it has become feasible to measure fine spectral features, such as those needed to estimate sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (F), which is a signal related to the photosynthetic process of plants. The measurement of F requires highly accurate and precise radiance measurements in combination with very sophisticated measurement protocols. Additionally, because F has a highly dynamic nature (compared with other vegetation information derived from spectral data) and low signal intensity, several environmental, physiological, and experimental aspects have to be considered during signal acquisition and are key for its reliable interpretation. The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action ES1309 OPTIMISE has produced three articles addressing the main challenges in the field of F measurements. In this paper, which is the second of three, we review approaches that are available to measure F from the leaf to the canopy scale using ground-based and airborne platforms. We put specific emphasis on instrumental aspects, measurement setups, protocols, quality checks, and data processing strategies. Furthermore, we review existing techniques that account for atmospheric influences on F retrieval, address spatial scaling effects, and assess quality checks and the metadata and ancillary data required to reliably interpret retrieved F signals.
Published: 2019

234. Reinventing the De Mayo reaction: synthesis of 1,5-diketones or 1,5-ketoesters via visible light [2+2] cycloaddition of beta-diketones or beta-ketoesters with styrenes

Author: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, Martínez-Haya, Rebeca, Marzo, L., König, B., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, Martínez-Haya, Rebeca, Marzo, L., and König, B.
Abstract: [EN] A visible light mediated De Mayo reaction between 1,3-diketones and styrenes following a [2+2] cycloaddition pathway via a photosensitization mechanism gives access to 1,5-diketones. The reaction has been applied to substituted styrenes and aryl- and alkyl-substituted ketones. Moreover, the method converts -ketoesters, -amido esters, and -cyano ketones. Seven membered rings, a frequent structural motif of natural products, are also accessible using this methodology.
Published: 2018

235. Large-amplitude late-time radio variability in GRB 151027B

Author: Leibniz Association, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), German Research Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Greiner, J., Bolmer, J., Wieringa, M., Van Der Horst, A.J., Petry, D., Schulze, S., Knust, F., De Bruyn, G., Krühler, T., Wiseman, P., Klose, S., Delvaux, C., Graham, J.F., Kann, D.A., Moin, A., Nicuesa-Guelbenzu, A., Schady, P., Schmidl, S., Schweyer, T., Tanga, M., Tingay, S., Van Eerten, H., Varela, K., Leibniz Association, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), German Research Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Greiner, J., Bolmer, J., Wieringa, M., Van Der Horst, A.J., Petry, D., Schulze, S., Knust, F., De Bruyn, G., Krühler, T., Wiseman, P., Klose, S., Delvaux, C., Graham, J.F., Kann, D.A., Moin, A., Nicuesa-Guelbenzu, A., Schady, P., Schmidl, S., Schweyer, T., Tanga, M., Tingay, S., Van Eerten, H., and Varela, K.
Abstract: Context. Deriving physical parameters from gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow observations remains a challenge, even 20 years after the discovery of afterglows. The main reason for the lack of progress is that the peak of the synchrotron emission is in the sub-mm range, thus requiring radio observations in conjunction with X-ray/optical/near-infrared data in order to measure the corresponding spectral slopes and consequently remove the ambiguity with respect to slow vs. fast cooling and the ordering of the characteristic frequencies. Aims. We have embarked on a multifrequency, multi-epoch observing campaign to obtain sufficient data for a given GRB that allows us to test the simplest version of the fireball afterglow model. Methods. We observed GRB 151027B, the 1000th Swift-detected GRB, with GROND in the optical-near-IR, ALMA in the sub-millimeter, ATCA in the radio band; we combined this with public Swift/XRT X-ray data. Results. While some observations at crucial times only return upper limits or surprising features, the fireball model is narrowly constrained by our data set, and allows us to draw a consistent picture with a fully determined parameter set. Surprisingly, we find rapid, large-amplitude flux density variations in the radio band which are extreme not only for GRBs, but generally for any radio source. We interpret them as scintillation effects, though their extreme nature requires the scattering screen to be at a much smaller distance than usually assumed, multiple screens, or a combination of the two. Conclusions. The data are consistent with the simplest fireball scenario for a blast wave moving into a constant-density medium, and slow-cooling electrons. All fireball parameters are constrained at or better than a factor of 2, except for the density and the fraction of the energy in the magnetic field which has a factor of 10 uncertainty in both directions.© ESO 2018.
Published: 2018

236. The effect of damage location on the performance of seismically damaged concrete filled steel tube columns at fire

Author: Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Talebi, Elnaz, Korzen, Manfred, Espinós, Ana, Hothan, Sascha, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Talebi, Elnaz, Korzen, Manfred, Espinós, Ana, and Hothan, Sascha
Abstract: [EN] In this paper, a nonlinear three-dimensional finite element (FE) model was developed and validated to study the effect of seismic damage location on the response of concrete filled tube (CFT) columns at fire after earthquakes. Three analyses were conducted consecutively in the modelling, namely, cyclic, thermal and structural. Results of the cyclic loading analysis comprising residual deformations were applied as the initial condition to the thermal-stress model, replicating the seismic performance of column. Following, a nonlinear sequentially coupled-thermal stress analysis was carried out to investigate the fire response of CFT columns after the seismic event. Three damage scenarios were contemplated, considering any possible potential damages that could be generated by the earthquake loading on CFT columns. The accuracy of proposed FE model was examined by comparing the numerical results with that of available tests on fire and cyclic loading. By means of validated model, the performance of damaged CFT columns was then investigated under fire after earthquakes. The level of damage was assumed as a high damage level, presuming that the column reached 50% of its lateral resistance while still maintaining its overall stability after the earthquake. The results were presented broadly, including the axial deformation history as well as the fire resistance time for CFT columns. To have a comprehensive insight on the influence of damage location in columns, the fire response of damaged specimens was compared with that of an intact one.
Published: 2018

237. Interplay between physical cleaning, membrane pore size and fluid rheology during the evolution of fouling in membrane bioreactors

Author: Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Nuclear - Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Nuclear, Generalitat Valenciana, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Alemania, Martí Calatayud, Manuel César, Schneider, S., Yüce, S., Wessling, M., Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Nuclear - Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Nuclear, Generalitat Valenciana, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Alemania, Martí Calatayud, Manuel César, Schneider, S., Yüce, S., and Wessling, M.
Abstract: [EN] Fouling is one of the most pressing limitations during operation of membrane bioreactors, as it increases operating costs and is the cause of short membrane lifespans. Conducting effective physical cleanings is thus essential for keeping membrane operation above viable performance limits. The nature of organic foulants present in the sludge and the membrane properties are among the most influential factors determining fouling development and thus, efficiency of fouling mitigation approaches. The role of other factors like sludge viscosity on fouling is still unclear, given that contradictory effects have been reported in the literature. In the present study we use a new research approach by which the complex interplay between fouling type, levels of permeate flux, membrane material and feed properties is analyzed, and the influence of these factors on critical flux and membrane permeability is evaluated. A variety of systems including activated sludge and model solutions with distinct rheological behavior has been investigated for two membranes differing in pore size distribution. We present a novel method for assessing the efficiency of fouling removal by backwash and compare it with the efficiency achieved by means of relaxation. Results obtained have proven that backwash delays development of critical fouling as compared with relaxation and reduces fouling irreversibility regardless of fluid rheology. It was shown that backwash is especially effective for membranes for which internal fouling is the main cause of loss in permeability. Nonetheless, we found out that for membranes with tight pores, both relaxation and backwash are equally effective. The critical flux decreases significantly for high-viscosity fluids, such as activated sludge. This effect is mainly caused by an intensified concentration polarization at the feed side rather than by internal fouling events. However, membrane permeability has been proven to rely more on the permeate viscosity than
Published: 2018

238. Breve introducción a la fotocatálisis homogénea: modos de activación y aplicaciones sintéticas

Author: Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Química - Departament de Química, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Comunidad de Madrid, Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, Apadrina la Ciencia, Ford Motor Company Fund and Community Services, Marzo, L., Martínez-Haya, Rebeca, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Química - Departament de Química, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Comunidad de Madrid, Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, Apadrina la Ciencia, Ford Motor Company Fund and Community Services, Marzo, L., and Martínez-Haya, Rebeca
Abstract: [ES] La fotocatálisis es el área que se encarga del desarrollo de nuevos procesos sintéticos empleando la luz cómo fuente de energía. La mayoría de las moléculas no son capaces de absorber en la región del espectro de la luz visible. Por ello, el empleo de fotocatalizadores que actúen como antena y transmitan dicha energía mediante trasferencia electrónica o trasferencia de energía a otras moléculas abre la puerta al desarrollo de nuevas transformaciones químicas aprovechando la región del espectro solar que alcanza a la Tierra con mayor intensidad, optimizando así los recursos energéticos. Los diversos métodos de activación que ofrece la fotocatálisis dan acceso a una gran variedad de transformaciones químicas., [EN] Photocatalysis is the area responsible for the development of new synthetic processes using light as a source of energy. Most molecules are not able to absorb in the visible light spectrum region. Therefore, the use of photocatalysts acting as an antenna and transmitting this energy through electron transfer or energy transfer to other molecules, opens the door to the development of new chemical transformations in the region of the solar spectrum that reaches the Earth with greater intensity, thus optimizing the energy resources. Several activation methods offered by photocatalysis give access to a wide variety of chemical transformations
Published: 2018

239. Why Ibn Ḥazm became a Ẓāhirī: Charisma, Law and the Court

Author: Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Fierro Bello, María Isabel [0000-0003-4736-7224], Fierro Bello, María Isabel, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Fierro Bello, María Isabel [0000-0003-4736-7224], and Fierro Bello, María Isabel
Abstract: [EN] The great Cordoban polygraph Ibn Hazm (d. 456/1064) chose as the legal school to follow the literalist or Ẓāhirī, instead of the Mālikī legal school that was the predominant in al-Andalus and that had been supported by the Cordoban Umayyads. On the basis of the information provided by his personal biography and his political trajectory as well as of the analysis of some of his doctrinal conclusions, I conclude that his election is explained by his vision of how he wanted society to be. It was a vision determined by his formation in the Umayyad-ʽĀmirid court context and culture, and by his rejection that jurists would have exclusive control of the legal sphere., [ES] El gran polígrafo cordobés Ibn Hazm (m. 456/1064) escogió como escuela jurídica a la que seguir la escuela literalista o Ẓāhirí en vez de la mālikí que era la predominante en al-Andalus y que había sido apoyada por los omeyas de Córdoba. A partir de los datos suministrados por su biografía personal y su trayectoria política así como del análisis de algunas de sus propuestas doctrinales se concluye que su elección se explica por su visión de cómo quería que fuera la sociedad que le rodeaba. Se trata de una visión determinada por su formación en el ambiente y en la cultura de la corte omeya-amirí y por el objetivo de evitar que los alfaquíes tuvieran en exclusiva el control del campo jurídico., [PT] O grande polígrafo cordovês Hazm (m. 456/1064) escolheu, como escola jurídica a seguir, a escola literalista ou zahirita em vez da malikita, a predominante em Al Andalus e a que tinha sido apoiada pelos omíadas de Córdova. A partir dos dados subministrados pela sua biografia pessoal e da sua trajetória política, assim como da análise de algumas das suas propostas doutrinais, conclui-se que a sua escolha se explica por uma visão de como queria que fosse a sociedade que o rodeava. Trata-se de uma conceção determinada pela sua formação no ambiente e cultura da corte omíada-amirida e pelo objetivo de evitar que os alfaquís tivessem, em exclusivo, o controlo do campo jurídico.
Published: 2018

240. Nuclear Pore Complex Components in the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium berghei

Author: Heidelberg University Hospital, European Research Council, European Commission, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Max Planck Society, Kehrer, Jessica, Kuss, Claudia, Andres-Pons, Amparo, Reustle, Anna, Dahan, Noa, Devos, Damien P., Kudryashev, Mikhail, Beck, Martin, Mair, Gunnar R., Frischknecht, Friedrich, Heidelberg University Hospital, European Research Council, European Commission, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Max Planck Society, Kehrer, Jessica, Kuss, Claudia, Andres-Pons, Amparo, Reustle, Anna, Dahan, Noa, Devos, Damien P., Kudryashev, Mikhail, Beck, Martin, Mair, Gunnar R., and Frischknecht, Friedrich
Abstract: The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a large macromolecular assembly of around 30 different proteins, so-called nucleoporins (Nups). Embedded in the nuclear envelope the NPC mediates bi-directional exchange between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and plays a role in transcriptional regulation that is poorly understood. NPCs display modular arrangements with an overall structure that is generally conserved among many eukaryotic phyla. However, Nups of yeast or human origin show little primary sequence conservation with those from early-branching protozoans leaving those of the malaria parasite unrecognized. Here we have combined bioinformatic and genetic methods to identify and spatially characterize Nup components in the rodent infecting parasite Plasmodium berghei and identified orthologs from the human malaria parasite P. falciparum, as well as the related apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. For the first time we show the localization of selected Nups throughout the P. berghei life cycle. Largely restricted to apicomplexans we identify an extended C-terminal poly-proline extension in SEC13 that is essential for parasite survival and provide high-resolution images of Plasmodium NPCs obtained by cryo electron tomography. Our data provide the basis for full characterization of NPCs in malaria parasites, early branching unicellular eukaryotes with significant impact on human health.
Published: 2018

241. A conserved Shh cis-regulatory module highlights a common developmental origin of unpaired and paired fins

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Junta de Andalucía, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundaçao Capes (Brasil), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Letelier, Joaquin, Calle-Mustienes, Elisa de la, Pieretti, Joyce, Naranjo, Silvia, Maeso, Ignacio, Nakamura, Tetsuya, Pascual-Anaya, Juan, Shubin, Neil H., Schneider, Igor, Martínez-Morales, Juan Ramón, Gómez-Skarmeta, José Luis, European Research Council, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Junta de Andalucía, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundaçao Capes (Brasil), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Letelier, Joaquin, Calle-Mustienes, Elisa de la, Pieretti, Joyce, Naranjo, Silvia, Maeso, Ignacio, Nakamura, Tetsuya, Pascual-Anaya, Juan, Shubin, Neil H., Schneider, Igor, Martínez-Morales, Juan Ramón, and Gómez-Skarmeta, José Luis
Abstract: Despite their evolutionary, developmental and functional importance, the origin of vertebrate paired appendages remains uncertain. In mice, a single enhancer termed ZRS is solely responsible for Shh expression in limbs. Here, zebrafish and mouse transgenic assays trace the functional equivalence of ZRS across the gnathostome phylogeny. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of the medaka (Oryzias latipes) ZRS and enhancer assays identify the existence of ZRS shadow enhancers in both teleost and human genomes. Deletion of both ZRS and shadow ZRS abolishes shh expression and completely truncates pectoral fin formation. Strikingly, deletion of ZRS results in an almost complete ablation of the dorsal fin. This finding indicates that a ZRS-Shh regulatory module is shared by paired and median fins and that paired fins likely emerged by the co-option of developmental programs established in the median fins of stem gnathostomes. Shh function was later reinforced in pectoral fin development with the recruitment of shadow enhancers, conferring additional robustness.
Published: 2018

242. Multiwavelength Observations of the Blazar BL Lacertae: A New Fast TeV Gamma-Ray Flare

Author: Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Smithsonian Institution, National Research Council of Canada, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russian Government, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Academy of Finland, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Russian Science Foundation, Abeysekara, A. U., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Brantseg, T., Brose, R., Buchovecky, M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Daniel, M. K., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Gillanders, G. H., Gunawardhana, I., Hütten, M., Hanna, D., Hervet, O., Holder, J., Hughes, G., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kar, P., Kertzman, M., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Lin, T.T.Y., McArthur, S., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., O'Brien, S., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Petrashyk, A., Pohl, M., Pueschel, E., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Rulten, C., Sadeh, I., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Wakely, S. P., Weinstein, A., Wells, R. M., Wilcox, P., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., VERITAS Collaboration, Jorstad, S.G., Marscher, Alan P., Lister, Matthew L., Kovalev, Y. Y., Pushkarev, A.B., Savolainen, T., Agudo, Iván, Molina, Sol, Gómez, José L., Larionov, Valeri M., Borman, G.A., Mokrushina, A. A., Tornikoski, Merja, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Chamani, W., Enestam, S., Kiehlmann, S., Hovatta, T., Smith, P. S., Pontrelli, P., Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Smithsonian Institution, National Research Council of Canada, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russian Government, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Academy of Finland, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Russian Science Foundation, Abeysekara, A. U., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Brantseg, T., Brose, R., Buchovecky, M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Daniel, M. K., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Gillanders, G. H., Gunawardhana, I., Hütten, M., Hanna, D., Hervet, O., Holder, J., Hughes, G., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kar, P., Kertzman, M., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Lin, T.T.Y., McArthur, S., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., O'Brien, S., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Petrashyk, A., Pohl, M., Pueschel, E., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Rulten, C., Sadeh, I., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Wakely, S. P., Weinstein, A., Wells, R. M., Wilcox, P., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., VERITAS Collaboration, Jorstad, S.G., Marscher, Alan P., Lister, Matthew L., Kovalev, Y. Y., Pushkarev, A.B., Savolainen, T., Agudo, Iván, Molina, Sol, Gómez, José L., Larionov, Valeri M., Borman, G.A., Mokrushina, A. A., Tornikoski, Merja, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Chamani, W., Enestam, S., Kiehlmann, S., Hovatta, T., Smith, P. S., and Pontrelli, P.
Abstract: Combined with measurements made by very-long-baseline interferometry, the observations of fast TeV gamma-ray flares probe the structure and emission mechanism of blazar jets. However, only a handful of such flares have been detected to date, and only within the last few years have these flares been observed from lower-frequency-peaked BL Lac objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars. We report on a fast TeV gamma-ray flare from the blazar BL Lacertae observed by the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS). with a rise time of ∼2.3 hr and a decay time of ∼36 min. The peak flux above 200 GeV is (4.2 ± 0.6) ×10 photon m s measured with a 4-minute-binned light curve, corresponding to ∼180% of the flux that is observed from the Crab Nebula above the same energy threshold. Variability contemporaneous with the TeV gamma-ray flare was observed in GeV gamma-ray, X-ray, and optical flux, as well as in optical and radio polarization. Additionally, a possible moving emission feature with superluminal apparent velocity was identified in Very Long Baseline Array observations at 43 GHz, potentially passing the radio core of the jet around the time of the gamma-ray flare. We discuss the constraints on the size, Lorentz factor, and location of the emitting region of the flare, and the interpretations with several theoretical models that invoke relativistic plasma passing stationary shocks.© 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Published: 2018

243. X-shooter and ALMA spectroscopy of GRB 161023A: A study of metals and molecules in the line of sight towards a luminous GRB

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Fundación BBVA, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo (Chile), German Research Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, National Science Centre (Poland), Slovak Research and Development Agency, European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Ugarte Postigo, Antonio de, Thöne, Cristina Carina, Bolmer, J., Schulze, S., Martín, S., Kann, D.A., D'Elia, V., Selsing, J., Martin-Carrillo, A., Perley, D.A., Kim, S., Izzo, L., Sánchez-Ramírez, R., Guidorzi, C., Klotz, A., Wiersema, K., Bauer, F.E., Bensch, K., Campana, S., Cano, Z., Covino, Stefano, Coward, D., De Cia, A., de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar, De Pasquale, M., Fynbo, J. P. U., Greiner, J., Gomboc, A., Hanlon, L., Hansen, M., Hartmann, D.H., Heintz, K.E., Jakobsson, P., Kobayashi, S., Malesani, D.B., Martone, R., Meintjes, P. J., Michalowski, M. J., Mundell, C. G., Murphy, D., Oates, S., Salmon, L., Van Soelen, B., Tanvir, N. R., Turpin, D., Xu, D., Zafar, T., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Fundación BBVA, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo (Chile), German Research Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, National Science Centre (Poland), Slovak Research and Development Agency, European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Ugarte Postigo, Antonio de, Thöne, Cristina Carina, Bolmer, J., Schulze, S., Martín, S., Kann, D.A., D'Elia, V., Selsing, J., Martin-Carrillo, A., Perley, D.A., Kim, S., Izzo, L., Sánchez-Ramírez, R., Guidorzi, C., Klotz, A., Wiersema, K., Bauer, F.E., Bensch, K., Campana, S., Cano, Z., Covino, Stefano, Coward, D., De Cia, A., de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar, De Pasquale, M., Fynbo, J. P. U., Greiner, J., Gomboc, A., Hanlon, L., Hansen, M., Hartmann, D.H., Heintz, K.E., Jakobsson, P., Kobayashi, S., Malesani, D.B., Martone, R., Meintjes, P. J., Michalowski, M. J., Mundell, C. G., Murphy, D., Oates, S., Salmon, L., Van Soelen, B., Tanvir, N. R., Turpin, D., Xu, D., and Zafar, T.
Abstract: Context. Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced during the dramatic deaths of massive stars with very short lifetimes, meaning that they explode close to the birth place of their progenitors. Over a short period they become the most luminous objects observable in the Universe, being perfect beacons to study high-redshift star-forming regions. Aims. We aim to use the afterglow of GRB 161023A at a redshift z = 2.710 as a background source to study the environment of the explosion and the intervening systems along its line of sight. Methods. For the first time, we complement ultraviolet (UV), optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with millimetre spectroscopy using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), which allows us to probe the molecular content of the host galaxy. The X-shooter spectrum shows a plethora of absorption features including fine-structure and metastable transitions of Fe, Ni, Si, C, and O. We present photometry ranging from 43 s to over 500 days after the burst. Results. We infer a host-galaxy metallicity of [Zn/H] = -1.11 ± 0.07, which, corrected for dust depletion, results in [X/H] = -0.94 ± 0.08. We do not detect molecular features in the ALMA data, but we derive limits on the molecular content of log(N/cm) < 15.7 and log(N/cm, which are consistent with those that we obtain from the optical spectra, log(N/cm)< 15.2 and log(N/cm) < 14.5. Within the host galaxy, we detect three velocity systems through UV, optical and NIR absorption spectroscopy, all with levels that were excited by the GRB afterglow. We determine the distance from these systems to the GRB to be in the range between 0.7 and 1.0 kpc. The sight line to GRB 161023A shows nine independent intervening systems, most of them with multiple components. Conclusions. Although no molecular absorption was detected for GRB 161023A, we show that GRB millimetre spectroscopy is now feasible and is opening a new window on the study of molecular gas within star-forming galaxies at all redsh
Published: 2018

244. The luminous host galaxy, faint supernova and rapid afterglow rebrightening of GRB 100418A

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Kazan Federal University, German Research Foundation, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ugarte Postigo, Antonio de, Thöne, Cristina Carina, Bensch, K., Van Der Horst, A.J., Kann, D.A., Cano, Z., Izzo, L., Goldoni, P., Martín, S., Filgas, R., Schady, P., Gorosabel, J., Bikmaev, I., Bremer, M., Burenin, R., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Covino, Stefano, Fynbo, J. P. U., Garcia-Appadoo, D., de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar, Jelínek, M., Khamitov, I., Kamble, A., Kouveliotou, C., Krühler, T., Leloudas, Giorgos, Melnikov, S., Nardini, M., Perley, D.A., Petitpas, G., Pooley, G., Rau, A., Rol, E., Sánchez-Ramírez, R., Starling, R.L.C., Tanvir, N.R., Wiersema, K., Wijers, R.A.M.J., Zafar, T., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Kazan Federal University, German Research Foundation, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ugarte Postigo, Antonio de, Thöne, Cristina Carina, Bensch, K., Van Der Horst, A.J., Kann, D.A., Cano, Z., Izzo, L., Goldoni, P., Martín, S., Filgas, R., Schady, P., Gorosabel, J., Bikmaev, I., Bremer, M., Burenin, R., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Covino, Stefano, Fynbo, J. P. U., Garcia-Appadoo, D., de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar, Jelínek, M., Khamitov, I., Kamble, A., Kouveliotou, C., Krühler, T., Leloudas, Giorgos, Melnikov, S., Nardini, M., Perley, D.A., Petitpas, G., Pooley, G., Rau, A., Rol, E., Sánchez-Ramírez, R., Starling, R.L.C., Tanvir, N.R., Wiersema, K., Wijers, R.A.M.J., and Zafar, T.
Abstract: Context. Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) give us the chance to study both their extreme physics and the star-forming galaxies in which they form. Aims. GRB 100418A, at a redshift of z = 0.6239, had a bright optical and radio afterglow, and a luminous star-forming host galaxy. This allowed us to study the radiation of the explosion as well as the interstellar medium of the host both in absorption and emission. Methods. We collected photometric data from radio to X-ray wavelengths to study the evolution of the afterglow and the contribution of a possible supernova (SN) and three X-shooter spectra obtained during the first 60 h. Results. The light curve shows a very fast gamma-ray burst: individual: GRB100418A; supernovae: individual: GRB100418A; galaxies: dwarf; ISM: abundances; ISM: kinematics and dynamicsoptical rebrightening, with an amplitude of ∼3 magnitudes, starting 2.4 h after the GRB onset. This cannot be explained by a standard external shock model and requires other contributions, such as late central-engine activity. Two weeks after the burst we detect an excess in the light curve consistent with a SN with peak absolute magnitude M = -18.5 mag, among the faintest GRB-SNe detected to date. The host galaxy shows two components in emission, with velocities differing by 130 km s, but otherwise having similar properties. While some absorption and emission components coincide, the absorbing gas spans much higher velocities, indicating the presence of gas beyond the star-forming regions. The host has a star formation rate of SFR = 12.2 M yr, a metallicity of 12 + log(O/H) = 8.55, and a mass of 1.6⊙ ×⊙ 10 M. Conclusions. GRB 100418A is a member of a class of afterglow light curves which show a steep rebrightening in the optical during the first day, which cannot be explained by traditional models. Its very faint associated SN shows that GRB-SNe can have a larger dispersion in luminosities than previously seen. Furthermore, we have obtained a complete view of the host
Published: 2018

245. VLBA polarimetric monitoring of 3C 111

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Generalitat Valenciana, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Academy of Finland, Junta de Andalucía, Beuchert, T., Kadler, M., Perucho, M., Großberger, C., Schulz, R., Agudo, Iván, Casadio, Carolina, Gómez, José L., Gurwell, M., Homan, D., Kovalev, Y. Y., Lister, Matthew L., Markoff, S., Molina, Sol, Pushkarev, A.B., Ros, E., Savolainen, T., Steinbring, T., Thum, C., Wilms, J., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Generalitat Valenciana, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Academy of Finland, Junta de Andalucía, Beuchert, T., Kadler, M., Perucho, M., Großberger, C., Schulz, R., Agudo, Iván, Casadio, Carolina, Gómez, José L., Gurwell, M., Homan, D., Kovalev, Y. Y., Lister, Matthew L., Markoff, S., Molina, Sol, Pushkarev, A.B., Ros, E., Savolainen, T., Steinbring, T., Thum, C., and Wilms, J.
Abstract: Context. While studies of large samples of jets of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are important in order to establish a global picture, dedicated single-source studies are an invaluable tool for probing crucial processes within jets on parsec scales. These processes involve in particular the formation and geometry of the jet magnetic field as well as the flow itself. Aims. We aim to better understand the dynamics within relativistic magneto-hydrodynamical flows in the extreme environment and close vicinity of supermassive black holes. Methods. We analyze the peculiar radio galaxy 3C 111, for which long-Term polarimetric observations are available. We make use of the high spatial resolution of the VLBA network and the MOJAVE monitoring program, which provides high data quality also for single sources and allows us to study jet dynamics on parsec scales in full polarization with an evenly sampled time-domain. While electric vectors can probe the underlying magnetic field, other properties of the jet such as the variable (polarized) flux density, feature size, and brightness temperature, can give valuable insights into the flow itself. We complement the VLBA data with data from the IRAM 30-m Telescope as well as the SMA. Results. We observe a complex evolution of the polarized jet. The electric vector position angles (EVPAs) of features traveling down the jet perform a large rotation of &180across a distance of about 20 pc. As opposed to this smooth swing, the EVPAs are strongly variable within the first parsecs of the jet.We find an overall tendency towards transverse EVPAs across the jet with a local anomaly of aligned vectors in between. The polarized flux density increases rapidly at that distance and eventually saturates towards the outermost observable regions. The transverse extent of the flow suddenly decreases simultaneously to a jump in brightness temperature around where we observe the EVPAs to turn into alignment with the jet flow. Also the gradient of the fe
Published: 2018

246. Testing the magnetar scenario for superluminous supernovae with circular polarimetry

Author: Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Swedish Research Council, Swedish National Space Board, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Munich Institute for Astro- and Particle Physics, Cikota, Aleksandar, Leloudas, Giorgos, Bulla, M., Inserra, Cosimo, Chen, T. W., Spyromilio, J., Patat, F., Cano, Z., Cikota, S., Coughlin, Michael W., Kankare, E., Lowe, T. B., Maund, J. R., Rest, Armin, Smartt, S. J., Smith, Ken W., Wainscoat, R. J., Young, D. R., Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Swedish Research Council, Swedish National Space Board, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Munich Institute for Astro- and Particle Physics, Cikota, Aleksandar, Leloudas, Giorgos, Bulla, M., Inserra, Cosimo, Chen, T. W., Spyromilio, J., Patat, F., Cano, Z., Cikota, S., Coughlin, Michael W., Kankare, E., Lowe, T. B., Maund, J. R., Rest, Armin, Smartt, S. J., Smith, Ken W., Wainscoat, R. J., and Young, D. R.
Abstract: Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) are at least ~5 times more luminous than common supernovae. Especially hydrogen-poor SLSN-I are difficult to explain with conventional powering mechanisms. One possible scenario that might explain such luminosities is that SLSNe-I are powered by an internal engine, such as a magnetar or an accreting black hole. Strong magnetic fields or collimated jets can circularly polarize light. In this work, we measured circular polarization of two SLSNe-I with the FOcal Reducer and low dispersion Spectrograph (FORS2) mounted at the ESO's Very Large Telescope. PS17bek, a fast-evolving SLSN-I, was observed around peak, while OGLE16dmu, a slowly evolving SLSN-I, was observed 100 d after maximum. Neither SLSN shows evidence of circularly polarized light; however, these non-detections do not rule out the magnetar scenario as the powering engine for SLSNe-I. We calculate the strength of the magnetic field and the expected circular polarization as a function of distance from the magnetar, which decreases very fast. Additionally, we observed no significant linear polarization for PS17bek at four epochs, suggesting that the photosphere near peak is close to spherical symmetry. © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society.
Published: 2018

247. Unveiling BiVO4 nanorods as a novel anode material for high performance lithium ion capacitors: beyond intercalation strategies

Author: University of Adelaide, Australian Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), European Commission, Dubal, Deepak P. [0000-0002-2337-676X], Zboril, Radek [0000-0002-3147-2196], Fischer, Roland A. [0000-0002-7532-5286], Gómez-Romero, P. [0000-0002-6208-5340], Dubal, Deepak P., Jayaramulu, Kolleboyina, Zboril, Radek, Fischer, Roland A., Gómez-Romero, P., University of Adelaide, Australian Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), European Commission, Dubal, Deepak P. [0000-0002-2337-676X], Zboril, Radek [0000-0002-3147-2196], Fischer, Roland A. [0000-0002-7532-5286], Gómez-Romero, P. [0000-0002-6208-5340], Dubal, Deepak P., Jayaramulu, Kolleboyina, Zboril, Radek, Fischer, Roland A., and Gómez-Romero, P.
Abstract: Energy storage is increasingly demanded in many new niches of applications from wearables to unmanned autonomous vehicles. However, current energy storage systems are unable to fulfill the power requirements (high energy at high power) needed for these novel applications. Recently, Li-ion capacitors (LICs) have been spotted as hybrid devices with the potential to display high energy and high power. Nevertheless, it is still a great challenge to achieve high performance LICs due to the unmatched kinetic properties and capacity between anode and cathode materials. Herein, we are presenting our first seminal report on the use of BiVO4 nanorods as a new anode material for LICs coupled with a partially reduced graphene oxide (PRGO) cathode. The BiVO4 nanorods show an excellent reversible capacity of 877 mA h g−1 (ultrahigh volumetric capacity of 4560 mA h cm−3) at 1.1 A g−1 with a great capacity retention (in half-cell design), which is the highest value reported so far for metal vanadates. Later on, a LIC was constructed with BiVO4 as the anode and PRGO as the cathode electrode, delivering a high energy density of 152 W h kg−1 and a maximum power density of 9.6 kW kg−1 compared to that for hard carbon and intercalation (such as Li4Ti5O12 and Li3VO4) based anode materials. Additionally, the BiVO4//PRGO LIC exhibits a good cyclability of 81% over 6000 cycles. Thus, this investigation opens up new opportunities to develop different LIC systems.
Published: 2018

248. Ultrathin hierarchical porous carbon nanosheets for high‐performance supercapacitors and redox electrolyte energy storage

Author: Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, European Commission, University of Adelaide, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Jayaramulu, Kolleboyina, Dubal, Deepak P., Nagar, Bhawna, Ranc, Vaclav, Tomanec, Ondrej, Petr, Martin, Datta, Kasibhatta K. R., Zboril, Radek, Gómez-Romero, P., Fischer, Roland A., Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, European Commission, University of Adelaide, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Jayaramulu, Kolleboyina, Dubal, Deepak P., Nagar, Bhawna, Ranc, Vaclav, Tomanec, Ondrej, Petr, Martin, Datta, Kasibhatta K. R., Zboril, Radek, Gómez-Romero, P., and Fischer, Roland A.
Abstract: The design of advanced high‐energy‐density supercapacitors requires the design of unique materials that combine hierarchical nanoporous structures with high surface area to facilitate ion transport and excellent electrolyte permeability. Here, shape‐controlled 2D nanoporous carbon sheets (NPSs) with graphitic wall structure through the pyrolysis of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are developed. As a proof‐of‐concept application, the obtained NPSs are used as the electrode material for a supercapacitor. The carbon‐sheet‐based symmetric cell shows an ultrahigh Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET)‐area‐normalized capacitance of 21.4 µF cm−2 (233 F g−1), exceeding other carbon‐based supercapacitors. The addition of potassium iodide as redox‐active species in a sulfuric acid (supporting electrolyte) leads to the ground‐breaking enhancement in the energy density up to 90 Wh kg−1, which is higher than commercial aqueous rechargeable batteries, maintaining its superior power density. Thus, the new material provides a double profits strategy such as battery‐level energy and capacitor‐level power density.
Published: 2018

249. A hexa-quinoline based C3-symmetric chemosensor for dual sensing of zinc(ii) and PPi in an aqueous medium via chelation induced “OFF–ON–OFF” emission

Author: Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Adarsh, Nayarassery N. [0000-0003-2262-8512], Ghosh, Pradyut [0000-0002-5503-6428], Sinha, Sanghamitra, Chowdhury, Bijit, Adarsh, Nayarassery N., Ghosh, Pradyut, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Adarsh, Nayarassery N. [0000-0003-2262-8512], Ghosh, Pradyut [0000-0002-5503-6428], Sinha, Sanghamitra, Chowdhury, Bijit, Adarsh, Nayarassery N., and Ghosh, Pradyut
Abstract: A quinoline-based C3-symmetric fluorescent probe (1), N,N′,N′′-((2,4,6-trimethylbenzene-1,3,5-triyl)tris(methylene))tris(1-(quinolin-2-yl)-N-(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)methanamine), has been developed which can selectively detect Zn2+ without the interference of Cd2+via significant enhancement in emission intensity (fluorescence “turn-ON”) associated with distinct fluorescence colour changes and very low detection limits (35.60 × 10−9 M in acetonitrile and 29.45 × 10−8 M in 50% aqueous buffer (10 mM HEPES, pH = 7.4) acetonitrile media). Importantly, this sensor is operative with a broad pH window (pH 4–10). The sensing phenomenon has been duly studied through UV-vis, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic methods indicating 1 : 3 stoichiometric binding between 1 and Zn2+ which is further corroborated by 1H NMR studies. Density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations provide the optimized molecular geometry and properties of the zinc complex, 1[Zn(ClO4)]33+, which is proposed to be formed in acetonitrile. The results are in line with the solution-state experimental findings. The single crystal X-ray study provides the solid state structure of the trinuclear Zn2+ complex showing solubility in an aqueous buffer (10 mM HEPES, pH = 7.4). Finally, the resulting trinuclear Zn2+ complex has been utilized as a fluorescence “turn-OFF” sensor for the selective detection of pyrophosphate in a 70% aqueous buffer (10 mM HEPES, pH = 7.4) acetonitrile solvent with a nanomolar detection limit (45.37 × 10−9 M).
Published: 2018

250. Differential expression of immune receptors in two marine sponges upon exposure to microbial-associated molecular patterns

Author: Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Pita, Lucía, Höppner, M., Ribes, Marta, Hentschel, Ute, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Pita, Lucía, Höppner, M., Ribes, Marta, and Hentschel, Ute
Abstract: The innate immune system helps animals to navigate the microbial world. The response to microbes relies on the specific recognition of microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) by immune receptors. Sponges (phylum Porifera), as early-diverging animals, provide insights into conserved mechanisms for animal-microbe crosstalk. However, experimental data is limited. We adopted an experimental approach followed by RNA-Seq and differential gene expression analysis in order to characterise the sponge immune response. Two Mediterranean species, Aplysina aerophoba and Dysidea avara, were exposed to a “cocktail” of MAMPs (lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan) or to sterile artificial seawater (control) and sampled 1 h, 3 h, and 5 h post-treatment for RNA-Seq. The response involved, first and foremost, a higher number of differentially-expressed genes in A. aerophoba than D. avara. Secondly, while both species constitutively express a diverse repertoire of immune receptors, they differed in their expression profiles upon MAMP challenge. The response in D. avara was mediated by increased expression of two NLR genes, whereas the response in A. aerophoba involved SRCR and GPCR genes. From the set of annotated genes we infer that both species activated apoptosis in response to MAMPs while in A. aerophoba phagocytosis was additionally stimulated. Our study assessed for the first time the transcriptomic responses of sponges to MAMPs and revealed conserved and species-specific features of poriferan immunity as well as genes potentially relevant to animal-microbe interactions
Published: 2018

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